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{{short description|Maritime warfare branch of Italy's military}}
{{Other uses}}
{{Other uses}}
{{refimprove|date=January 2013}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2017}}

{{Infobox military unit
{{Infobox military unit
| unit_name = Italian Navy
|unit_name= Italian Navy <br> ''Marina Militare''
| native_name = {{lang|it|Marina Militare}}
|image= [[File:CoA Marina Militare Italiana.svg|200px]]
| image = Coat of arms of Marina Militare.svg
|caption=
| image_size =
|dates= 1946 – Present <br> (1861 as ''[[Regia Marina]]'')
| caption = Coat of arms of the Italian Navy, displaying the coats of arms of former Italian [[Maritime Republic|maritime republics]] (clockwise from top left: [[Republic of Venice|Venice]], [[Republic of Genoa|Genoa]], [[Republic of Pisa|Pisa]] and [[Republic of Amalfi|Amalfi]])
|country= {{ITA}}
| start_date = 1861 as ''[[Regia Marina]]'' (official) <br /> 1946 as ''Marina Militare''
|allegiance=
| dates =
|branch=
| country = {{flag|Italy}}
|type= [[Navy]]
| allegiance =
|size= 35,200 personnel<br>65 ships<br>79 aircraft
| branch =
|command_structure=
| type = [[Navy]]
|garrison=
| role = [[Naval warfare]]
|garrison_label= Headquarters
| size = 29,300 personnel<br />184 vessels (incl. minor auxiliaries)<br />70 aircraft<ref>{{cite web |title=Rapporto Marina Militare 2023 |url=https://www.marina.difesa.it/noi-siamo-la-marina/Documents/rapporto%20marina%202023.pdf|website=www.marina.difesa.it |language=it}}</ref>
|nickname=
| command_structure = [[Italian Armed Forces]]
|motto= {{lang-it|Patria e Onore}}<br/>"Country and Honour"
| garrison =
|patron=
| garrison_label = Headquarters
|colors=
| nickname =
|colors_label=
| motto = {{langx|it|Patria e Onore}}<br />"Motherland and Honour"
|march= ''La Ritirata'' (Retreat March) by Tommaso Mario
| patron =
|mascot=
| colors =
|equipment=
| colors_label =
|equipment_label=
| march = {{lang|it|La Ritirata}} ({{wikt-lang|it|ritirata}} is the return of soldiers to their barrack, or sailors to their ship after a leave) by Tommaso Mario
|battles=
| mascot =
|anniversaries= June 10 - Sinking of the [[Austro-Hungarian]] battleship ''[[SMS Szent István]]'' by [[Luigi Rizzo]]
| equipment =
|decorations= 1 Cavalier Cross of the Military Order of Savoy<br> 3 Cavalier's Crosses of the [[Military Order of Italy]]<br> 2 [[Gold Medal of Military Valor|Gold Medals of Military Valor]]<br> 1 [[Silver Medal of Military Valor]]<br> 1 [[Gold Medal for Merited Public Honor]]
| equipment_label =
|battle_honours=
| battles =
<!-- Commanders -->
| anniversaries = 10 June – Sinking of the [[Austro-Hungarian]] battleship ''[[SMS Szent István]]'' by [[Luigi Rizzo]]
|commander1= [[ammiraglio di squadra]]<br> [[Giuseppe De Giorgi]]
| decorations = 1 Cavalier Cross of the Military Order of Savoy<br /> 3 Cavalier's Crosses of the [[Military Order of Italy]]<br /> 2 [[Gold Medal of Military Valor|Gold Medals of Military Valor]]<br /> 1 [[Silver Medal of Military Valor]]<br /> 1 [[Gold Medal for Merited Public Honor]]
|commander1_label= ''capo di stato maggiore della marina''<br> (Chief of Naval General Staff)
| battle_honours = <!-- Commanders -->
|commander2= [[ammiraglio di squadra]]<br> [[Claudio Gaudiosi]]
| commander1 = [[Ammiraglio di squadra]]<br /> [[Enrico Credendino]]
|commander2_label= ''sottocapo di stato maggiore della marina''
| commander1_label = [[Chief of Staff of the Italian Navy]]
|commander3=
| commander2 = [[Ammiraglio di squadra]]<br /> [[Claudio Gaudiosi]]
|commander3_label=
| commander2_label = Deputy Chief of Naval Staff
|notable_commanders=
| commander3 =
<!-- Insignia -->
| commander3_label =
|identification_symbol=[[File:LV Italian Air Force roundel.svg|50px]][[File:Roundel of Italy (Naval Aviation).svg|50px]]
| notable_commanders = <!-- Insignia -->
|identification_symbol_label=Naval Aviation roundels
| identification_symbol = [[File:Roundel of Italy – Low Visibility – Type 1.svg|50px]]&nbsp;[[File:Roundel of Italy – Naval Aviation.svg|50px]]
|identification_symbol_2= [[File:Naval Ensign of Italy.svg|200px]]
| identification_symbol_label = Roundels
|identification_symbol_2_label=Naval Ensign
|identification_symbol_3=[[File:Naval Jack of Italy.svg|100px]]
| identification_symbol_2 = [[File:Naval Ensign of Italy.svg|200px]]
| identification_symbol_2_label = [[#Naval ensign|Ensign]]
|identification_symbol_3_label=Jack
| identification_symbol_3 = [[File:Naval Jack of Italy.svg|100px]]
|identification_symbol_4=
| identification_symbol_3_label = Jack
|identification_symbol_4_label=
| identification_symbol_4 =
<!-- Aircraft -->
| identification_symbol_4_label = <!-- Aircraft -->
|aircraft_attack=
| aircraft_attack =
|aircraft_bomber=
| aircraft_bomber =
|aircraft_electronic=
| aircraft_electronic =
|aircraft_fighter=
| aircraft_fighter =
|aircraft_helicopter=
| aircraft_helicopter =
|aircraft_interceptor=
| aircraft_interceptor =
|aircraft_patrol=
| aircraft_patrol =
|aircraft_recon=
| aircraft_recon =
|aircraft_trainer=
| aircraft_trainer =
|aircraft_transport=
| aircraft_transport =
}}
}}


The '''Italian Navy''' (''Marina Militare'') is the navy of the [[Italy|Italian Republic]]. It is one of the four branches of [[Military of Italy|Italian Armed Forces]] and was formed in 1946 from what remained of the ''[[Regia Marina]]'' (Royal Navy) after World War 2. As of 2008, the Italian Navy had a strength of 35,200 active personnel with approximately 62 ships in commission (excluding minor auxiliary vessels) and around 80 aircraft. The total displacement of the navy was around 295,000 tonnes in 2002.<ref>http://www.hazegray.org/worldnav/</ref>
The '''Italian Navy''' ({{langx|it|Marina Militare||Military Navy}}; abbreviated as '''MM''') is one of the four branches of [[Italian Armed Forces]] and was formed in 1946 from what remained of the ''[[Regia Marina]]'' (Royal Navy) after World War II. {{As of|2014|08}}, the Italian Navy had a strength of 30,923 active personnel, with approximately 184 vessels in service, including minor auxiliary vessels. It is considered a multiregional and a [[blue-water navy]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=he5KL_tWQvMC|title=Navies and Shipbuilding Industries: The Strained Symbiosis|first1=Daniel|last1=Todd|first2=Michael|last2=Lindberg|date=May 14, 1996|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=9780275953102|access-date=May 14, 2018|via=Google Books}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Till|first1=Geoffrey|title=Seapower: A Guide for the Twenty-First Century|date=2 Aug 2004|publisher=Routledge|location=London|isbn=9781135756789|pages=113–120|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CNgIbiDghI4C&q=Seapower%3A%20A%20Guide%20for%20the%20Twenty-First%20Century%202004|access-date=15 December 2015}}</ref><ref name=Coffey>{{cite book|last1=Coffey|first1=Joseph I.|title=The Atlantic Alliance and the Middle East|date=1989|publisher=University of Pittsburgh Press|location=United States|isbn=9780822911548|page=89|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RmttAAAAMAAJ&q=The+Atlantic+Alliance+and+the+Middle+East|access-date=30 November 2015}}</ref>


==History==
==History==
{{main|Regia Marina}}


===Before and during World War II===
===Before and during World War II===
{{main|Regia Marina}}
The ''Regia Marina'' was formed on 17 March 1861, after the proclamation of the [[Kingdom of Italy (1861-1946)|Kingdom of Italy]]. The Italian Navy assumed its present name after the Italian monarchy was abolished following a popular referendum held on 2 June 1946.
The ''[[Regia Marina]]'' was formed on 17 March 1861, after the [[proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy]].<ref>{{cite news |title=151° anniversario della Marina Militare all'insegna della solidarietà e della sobrietà |url=http://www.marina.difesa.it/media-cultura/press-room/comunicati/Pagine/2012_15.aspx |access-date=28 May 2020 |agency=Ministero della Difesa Marina Militare |date=6 June 2012 |language=it}}</ref> The Italian Navy assumed its present name after the Italian monarchy was abolished following a popular referendum held on 2 June 1946.


===After World War II===
===After World War II===

At the end of its five years involvement in [[World War II]], Italy was a devastated nation. After the end of hostilities the ''Regia Marina'', which at the beginning of the war was the fourth largest navy in the world with a mix of modernised and new battleships, started a long and complex rebuilding process. The important combat contributions of the Italian naval forces after the signing of the armistice with the Allies on 8 September 1943, and the subsequent cooperation agreement on 23 September 1943, left the Regia Marina in a poor condition, with much of its infrastructure and bases unusable and its ports mined and blocked by sunken ships. However, a large number of its naval units had survived the war, albeit in a low efficiency state, which was due to the conflict and the age of many vessels. The vessels that remained were:
At the end of its five years involvement in [[World War II]], Italy was a devastated nation. After the end of hostilities, the ''Regia Marina'' – which at the beginning of the war was the fourth largest navy in the world, with a mix of modernised and new battleships – started a long and complex rebuilding process. The important combat contributions of the Italian naval forces after the signing of the armistice with the Allies on 8 September 1943, and the subsequent cooperation agreement on 23 September 1943, left the Regia Marina in a poor condition, with much of its infrastructure and bases unusable and its ports mined and blocked by sunken ships. However, a large number of its naval units had survived the war, albeit in a low efficiency state, which was due to the conflict and the age of many vessels. The vessels that remained were:
* 5 battleships
* 5 battleships
* 10 cruisers
* 10 cruisers
Line 74: Line 76:
* 20 corvettes
* 20 corvettes
* 50 fast coastal patrol units
* 50 fast coastal patrol units
* 50 minesweepers
* 50 [[minesweeper]]s
* 19 amphibious operations vessels
* 19 amphibious operations vessels
* 5 school ships
* 5 [[school ship]]s
* 1 support ship and plane transport
* 1 support ship and plane transport
* various submarine units


===The peace treaty===
===The peace treaty===
The [[Treaty of Peace with Italy, 1947|peace treaty]] signed on 10 February 1947 in [[Paris]] was onerous for Regia Marina. Apart from territorial and material losses, also the following restrictions were imposed:
* A ban on owning, building or experimenting with atomic weapons, self-propulsion projectiles or relative launchers, etc.…
* A ban on owning Battleships, Aircraft carriers, Submarines and Amphibious Assault units.
* A ban on operating military installations on the islands of [[Pantelleria]], [[Pianosa]] and on the archipelago of [[Pelagie Islands]].


The [[Treaty of Peace with Italy, 1947|peace treaty]] signed on 10 February 1947 in Paris was onerous for Regia Marina. Apart from territorial and material losses, also the following restrictions were imposed:
The treaty also ordered [[Italy]] to put the following ships at the disposals of the victorious nations [[United States]], [[Soviet Union]], [[Great Britain]], [[France]], [[Greece]], [[Yugoslavia]] and [[Albania]] as war compensation:
* A ban on owning, building or experimenting with atomic weapons, self-propulsion projectiles or relative launchers, etc.
* 3 Battleships: ''Giulio Cesare'', ''Italia'', ''Vittorio Veneto'';
* A ban on owning battleships, aircraft carriers, submarines and amphibious assault units.
* 5 Cruisers: ''Emanuele Filiberto Duca d'Aosta'', ''Attilio Regolo'', ''Scipione Africano'', ''Eugenio di Savoia'' and ''Eritrea'';
* A ban on operating military installations on the islands of [[Pantelleria]], [[Pianosa]] and on the archipelago of the [[Pelagie Islands]].
* 7 Destroyers, 5 of the "''[[Soldati class destroyer|Soldati]]''" class and ''Augusto Riboty'' and ''Alfredo Oriani'';

* 6 Minesweepers: like ''Aliseo'' and ''Fortunale'';
[[File:CV Aquila LaSpezia Jun51 NAN5-63.jpg|thumb|right|Aircraft carrier {{ship|Italian aircraft carrier|Aquila||2}} just before being scrapped in [[La Spezia]], 1951]]
* 8 Submarines: 3 of the "''Acciaio''" class;

* 1 Sailing School ship: ''Cristoforo Colombo''.
The treaty also ordered Italy to put the following ships at the disposals of the victorious nations United States, [[Soviet Union]], Great Britain, France, [[Greece]], [[Yugoslavia]] and [[Albania]] as war compensation:
* 3 battleships: ''Giulio Cesare'', ''Italia'', ''Vittorio Veneto'';
The total displacement, battleships excluded, of the future navy was not allowed to be greater than 67,500 tons, while the staff was capped at 25,000 men.
* 5 cruisers: ''Emanuele Filiberto Duca d'Aosta'', ''Attilio Regolo'', ''Scipione Africano'', ''Eugenio di Savoia'' and ''Eritrea'';
* 7 destroyers, 5 of the {{sclass2|Soldati|destroyer|4}} and ''Augusto Riboty'' and ''Alfredo Oriani'';
* 6 minesweepers: like ''Aliseo'' and ''Fortunale'';
* 8 submarines: 3 of the ''Acciaio'' class;
* 1 sailing school ship: ''Cristoforo Colombo''.


===The entry into NATO===
===The entry into NATO===
{{Unreferenced section|date=March 2017}}
[[File:CV Aquila LaSpezia Jun51 NAN5-63.jpg|thumb|right|[[La Spezia]], 1951: [[Italian aircraft carrier Aquila|''R.N. Aquila'']] just before being scrapped.]]

Great changes in the international political situation, which were developing into the Cold War, convinced the United Kingdom and United States to discontinue the transfer of Italy's capital ships as war reparations. Some had already been dismantled in [[La Spezia]] between 1948 and 1955, including the aircraft carrier {{ship|Italian aircraft carrier|Aquila||2}}. However, the [[Soviet Union]] demanded the surrender of the battleship ''Giulio Cesare'' and other naval units designated for transfer. The [[cruiser]]s ''Attilio Regolo'' and ''Scipione Africano'' became the French ''Chateaurenault'' and ''Guichen'', while ''{{ship|Italian cruiser|Eugenio di Savoia||2}}'' became the Greek ''Elli''. After break up and transfers, only a small part of the fleet remained to be recommissioned into the Marina. As Western attention turned to the Soviets and the [[Mediterranean Sea]], Italian seas became one of the main sites of confrontation between the two superpowers, contributing to the re-emergence of Italy's naval importance thanks to her strategic geographical position.


[[File:Carriers Cavour (550) - Harry S. Truman (CVN-75) and Charles de Gaulle (R91) underway in 2013.JPG|thumb|The [[Italian aircraft carrier Cavour|carrier ''Cavour'']] in the [[Gulf of Oman]], 2013]]
Great changes in the international political situation, which were developing into the Cold War, convinced the [[United Kingdom]] and [[United States]] to discontinue the transfer of Italy's capital ships as war reparations. Some had already been dismantled in [[La Spezia]] between 1948 and 1955, including the [[flagship]] aircraft carrier "''[[Italian aircraft carrier Aquila|Aquila]]''". However, the [[Soviet Union]] demanded the surrender of the [[warship]] "''Giulio Cesare''" and other naval units designated for transfer. The [[cruiser]]s "''Attilio Regolo''" and "''Scipione Africano''" became the French "''Chateaurenault''" and "''Guichen''", while the "''[[Italian cruiser Eugenio di Savoia|Eugenio di Savoia]]''" became the Greek "''[[Greek cruiser Elli II|Helli]]''". After break up and/or transfers, only a small part of the fleet remained to be recommissioned into the Marina. As Western attention turned to the Soviets and the [[Mediterranean Sea]], Italian seas became one of the main sites of confrontation between the two superpowers, contributing to the re-emergence of [[Italy]]’s naval importance thanks to her strategic geographical position.


With the new elections in 1946, the Kingdom of Italy became a Republic, and the Regia Marina took the name of ''Marina Militare'' (Military Navy). As the [[Marshall Plan]] began to rebuild Italy and Europe was rapidly being divided into two geo-politically antagonistic blocs, Italy began talks with the [[United States]] to guarantee adequate security considerations. The US government in [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]] wished to keep its own installations on the [[Italian Peninsula]] and relaxed the Treaty restrictions by including Italy in the Mutual Defense Assistance Programme (MDAP). On 4 April 1949, [[Italy]] joined the [[North Atlantic Treaty Organisation]] (NATO) and, in order for the navy to contribute actively in the organization, the Treaty restrictions were definitively repealed by the end of 1951, with the consent of all of Western nations.
With the new elections in 1946, the Kingdom of Italy became a republic, and the Regia Marina took the name of ''Marina Militare'' ({{literally|Military Navy}}). As the [[Marshall Plan]] began to rebuild Italy and Europe was rapidly being divided into two geopolitically antagonistic blocs, Italy began talks with the United States to guarantee adequate security considerations. The US government in [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]] wished to keep its own installations on the [[Italian Peninsula]] and relaxed the Treaty restrictions by including Italy in the Mutual Defense Assistance Programme (MDAP). On 4 April 1949, Italy joined the [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization]] (NATO) and, in order for the navy to contribute actively in the organization, the Treaty restrictions were definitively repealed by the end of 1951, with the consent of all of Western nations.


Within NATO, the Marina Militare was assigned combat control of the [[Adriatic Sea]] and [[Strait of Otranto]], as well as the defence of the naval routes through the [[Tyrrhenian Sea]]. To ensure these tasks a "''Studio sul potenziamento della Marina italiana in relazione al Patto Atlantico''" (Study about the development of the Italian Navy with reference to the Atlantic Pact) was undertaken, which researched the structures and the methods for the development of the Marina Militare. This solution required a great economic effort to rebuild and transform the fleet; it also required aid from the [[United States]] to reach the necessary standards. Progress was slow due to economic pressures on Italy (because of the tremendous resources needed for post-war rebuilding of Italy and its military-industrial complex) and due to opposition from other European governments. These nations were concerned at seeing an Italian Navy capable of rivaling the Western naval forces, so they imposed political obstacles to slow Italian naval development. {{citation needed|date=June 2014}}
Within NATO, the Italian Navy was assigned combat control of the [[Adriatic Sea]] and [[Strait of Otranto]], as well as the defence of the naval routes through the [[Tyrrhenian Sea]]. To ensure these tasks a {{lang|la|Studio sul potenziamento della Marina italiana in relazione al Patto Atlantico}} (Study on the development of the Italian Navy with reference to the Atlantic Pact) was undertaken, which researched the structures and the methods for the development of the navy.


==Naval ensign==
==Naval ensign==
[[File:Naval Ensign of Italy.svg|thumb|Naval ensign of Italy.]]
[[File:Naval Ensign of Italy.svg|thumb|Naval ensign of Italy]]
The [[ensign]] of the Italian Navy is the [[Flag of Italy|Italian tricolour]] defaced with the coat of arms of the Marina Militare. The quarters refer to the four Medieval Italian [[Thalassocracy|Thalassocracies]], or "[[Maritime Republics]]" (Italian: ''Repubbliche Marinare''):
* 1st quarter: on red, a golden winged lion (the [[Lion of St. Mark]]) wielding a sword ([[Republic of Venice]]);
* 2nd quarter: on white field, red cross ([[Republic of Genoa]]);
* 3rd quarter: on blue field, white cross ([[Republic of Amalfi]]);
* 4th quarter: on red field, white cross ([[Republic of Pisa]]).
The shield has a golden crown, that distinguishes military vessels from merchant: the crown, "''corona [[rostrata]]''", was proposed in 1939 by Admiral [[Domenico Cavagnari]] to the Government, as an acknowledgement of the Italian Navy's [[Roman navy|origin in Roman times]]. In the proposal, Adm. Cavagnari wrote that "in order to recall the common origin [of the Navy] from the Roman sailorship, the Insignia will be surmounted by the towered Crown with rostra, the emblem of honour and valour the [[Roman Senate]] awarded to the leaders of naval victories, conquerors of lands and cities across the seas".


The [[Ensign (flag)|ensign]] of the Italian Navy is the [[flag of Italy]] bearing the coat of arms of the Italian Navy. The shield's quarters refer to the four Medieval Italian [[Maritime Republics]]:
A further difference is that St. Mark's lion, symbolising the Republic of Venice, does not hold the gospel in its paw (as it does on the civil ensign, where the book is open at the words "''Pax tibi Marce, evangelista meus''", meaning "Peace to you Mark, my Evangelist") and is wielding a sword instead: such an image is consistent with the pictorial tradition from Venetian history, in which the book is shown open during peacetime and closed during wartime.


* 1st quarter: on red, a golden winged lion (the [[lion of St. Mark]]) wielding a sword ([[Republic of Venice]])
==Equipment==
* 2nd quarter: on white field, red cross, the [[Saint George's Cross]] ([[Republic of Genoa]])
* 3rd quarter: on blue field, white [[Maltese cross]] ([[Republic of Amalfi]])
* 4th quarter: on red field, white [[Pisan cross]] ([[Republic of Pisa]])


The coat of arms is surmounted by a golden crown, which distinguishes military vessels from those of the merchant navy.
===Ships and submarines===

{{Main|List of active Italian Navy ships}}
The crown, {{lang|la|corona [[rostrata]]}}, was proposed in 1939 as a conjectural link to the [[Roman navy]] by Admiral [[Domenico Cavagnari]], then a member of the [[Chamber of Fasces and Corporations]] in the Fascist government. In the proposal, Adm. Cavagnari wrote that "in order to recall the common origin [of the Navy] from the Roman mariners, the Insignia will be surmounted by the towered Crown with {{lang|la|[[rostrum (ship)|rostra]]}}, the emblem of honour and valour the [[Roman Senate]] awarded to the leaders of naval victories, conquerors of lands and cities across the seas".
[[File:Cavour (550).jpg|thumb|right|250px|The new [[Cavour (550)|''Cavour'']] aircraft carrier.]]

Today's Marina Militare is a modern [[navy]] with ships of every type. The fleet is in continuous evolution and as of August 2014 ocean going fleet units include: one [[aircraft carrier]], one [[helicopter carrier]], three [[amphibious assault ship]]s, four [[destroyer]]s, fourteen [[frigate]]s and six [[attack submarine]]s. Patrol and littoral warfare units include: six [[corvette]]s and fourteen [[patrol boat|patrol vessels]]. Ten [[mine countermeasure vessel]]s and a varied fleet of [[auxiliary ship]]s are also in service.
A further difference is that St. Mark's lion, symbolising the Republic of Venice, does not hold the gospel in its paw (as it does on [[flag of the Republic of Venice|the civil ensign]], where the book is open at the words "{{lang|la|Pax tibi Marce, evangelista meus}}", meaning "peace to you, Mark, my evangelist") and is wielding a sword instead: such an image is consistent with the pictorial tradition from Venetian history, in which the book is shown open during peacetime and closed during wartime.

==Structure and organisation==
===Organization===
{{Main|Structure of the Italian Navy}}

In 2012 the Navy began a restructuring process that will see a 21% decrease in personnel by 2025. A new structure was implemented in January 2014.<ref name="NavyOrg">{{cite web | url=http://www.marina.difesa.it/noi-siamo-la-marina/organizzazione/Pagine/organigrammaMM.aspx | title=Organizzazione | publisher=Italian Navy | access-date=September 1, 2016}}</ref>


===Aircraft===
[[File:Marina Militare AV-8B Harrier II.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Harrier strike aircraft operating from the aircraft carriers ''Cavour'' and ''Garibaldi''.]]
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! style="text-align: left; background: #aabccc;"|Aircraft
! style="text-align: left; background: #aabccc;"|Origin
! style="text-align: left; background: #aabccc;"|Role
! style="text-align: left; background: #aabccc;"|Version
! style="text-align: left; background: #aabccc;"|Quantity<ref>RID, Rivista Italiana Difesa, n.4, aprile 2013; pag. 31.</ref>
! style="text-align: left; background: #aabccc;"|Note
|-
|-
! Position !! Italian title !! Rank !! Incumbent
! style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="9" | '''Fixed-wing aircraft'''
|-
|-
| [[Chief of Staff of the Italian Navy|Chief of Staff of the Navy]] || {{lang|it|Capo di Stato Maggiore della Marina}} || [[Vice Admiral]] || [[Enrico Credendino]]
| [[Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II]] || {{USA}}<br/>{{UK}}<br/>{{ITA}}<br/> <br/>[[Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II procurement|Others]]|| [[Fighter-bomber]] || F-35B || 0 || Order of 15 F-35 B, They are planned to be operated from the aircraft carrier "Cavour".<ref>{{it icon}}[http://www.ilsole24ore.com/art/finanza-e-mercati/2013-06-19/lockheed-italia-riapre-commessa-064614.shtml "Lockheed, l'Italia riapre la commessa sui caccia F-35"]. Il Sole 24 ORE (2013-06-19). REtrieved on 2013-12-24.</ref>
|-
|-
| Deputy Chief of Staff of the Navy || {{lang|it|Sottocapo di Stato Maggiore della Marina}} || [[Vice Admiral]] || Giuseppe Berutti Bergotto<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.osservatorelibero.it/2021/12/18/marina-squadra-navale-de-carolis-nuovo-comandante-in-capo/ | title=Marina, Squadra Navale: De Carolis nuovo Comandante in capo | date=December 17, 2021 }}</ref>
| [[McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II|Boeing AV-8B Harrier II]]
| {{USA}}<br>{{UK}}
| [[Attack aircraft|Strike aircraft]]
| AV-8B<hr>TAV-8B
| 14<hr>2
| Operated from the aircraft carriers<br>2 TAV-8B and 16 AV-8B delivered between 1994 and 1998
|-
|-
| [[Commander in Chief Naval Fleet]] || {{lang|it|Comandante in Capo della Squadra Navale}} (CINCNAV) || Vice Admiral || [[Aurelio De Carolis]]
| [[Piaggio P.180 Avanti]]
| {{ITA}}
| [[Utility aircraft]]
| P.180
| 3
| Delivered in 2003
|-
|-
| Commander Schools Command || {{lang|it|Comandante Scuole}} (MARICOMSCUOLE) || Vice Admiral || Antonio Natale<ref>[https://www.marina.difesa.it/noi-siamo-la-marina/pilastro-addestrativo/Pagine/comandante.aspx Ammiraglio di Squadra Antonio Natale] Retrieved 8 March 2023</ref>
! style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="9" | '''Helicopters'''
|-
|-
| Commander Logistics Command || {{lang|it|Comandante Logistico}} (MARICOMLOG) || Vice Admiral || Salvatore Vitiello<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.marina.difesa.it/noi-siamo-la-marina/pilastro-logistico/Pagine/comandante.aspx|title=Comandante del Comando Logistico della Marina Militare - Marina Militare|website=www.marina.difesa.it}}</ref>
| [[Bell UH-1N Twin Huey|Agusta-Bell 212 ASW]]
| {{ITA}}
| [[Military helicopter#Maritime helicopters|Maritime helicopter]] ([[Anti-submarine warfare|ASW]]/[[Anti-surface warfare|ASuW]])<hr>[[Military helicopter#Transport helicopters|Transport helicopter]]
| AB-212ASW<hr>AB-212NLA
| 16<hr>6
| 64 delivered in 4 batches since 1976 to end years '80 <ref>http://digilander.libero.it/en_mezzi_militari/html/ab212asw.html</ref><br>being replaced by NH90
|-
| [[NHIndustries NH90]]
| {{ITA}}
| [[Military helicopter#Maritime helicopters|Maritime helicopter]] ([[Anti-submarine warfare|ASW]]/[[Anti-surface warfare|ASuW]])<hr>[[Military helicopter#Transport helicopters|Transport helicopter]]
| [[NHIndustries NH90#NFH: NATO Frigate Helicopter|NH90 NFH]]<hr>[[NHIndustries NH90#TTH: Tactical Transport Helicopter|NH90 TTH]]
| 10<hr>0
| 36 on order<hr>10 on order
|-
| [[Sikorsky SH-3 Sea King|Agusta-Sikorsky SH-3D Sea King]] <ref>http://www.elicotterienavi.com/aeromobili/SH3D1.HTM</ref>
| {{ITA}}
| [[Military helicopter#Maritime helicopters|Maritime helicopter]] [[Military helicopter#Transport helicopters|Transport helicopter]]
| ASH-3DNLA
| 2
| 24 [[Sikorsky SH-3 Sea King|Agusta-Sikorsky SH-3D Sea King]] delivered between 1968 and 1974<br>6 [[Sikorsky SH-3 Sea King|Agusta-Sikorsky SH-3D/H Sea King]] delivered between 1981 and 1982<br>6 [[Sikorsky SH-3 Sea King|Agusta-Sikorsky SH-3D/H Sea King]] delivered to end years '80<br>being replaced by [[AgustaWestland AW101]]
|-
|-
|
| [[AgustaWestland AW101]]
: Commander Maritime Command North
| {{ITA}}
|| {{lang|it|Comandante del Comando Marittimo Nord}} (MARINANORD) || [[Rear Admiral]] || [[Giorgio Lazio]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marina.difesa.it/conosciamoci/organizzazione/comandienti/dipartimentali/mdpt_spezia/Pagine/cinc.aspx |title=Il Comandante – Marina Militare|website=marina.difesa.it|access-date=May 14, 2018}}</ref>
| [[Military helicopter#Maritime helicopters|Maritime helicopter]] ([[Anti-submarine warfare|ASW]]/[[Anti-surface warfare|ASuW]])<hr>[[Military helicopter#Transport helicopters|Transport helicopter]]<hr>[[Airborne early warning and control|AEW&C]]
| 110-ASW<hr>410-ASH/413-TTH<hr>112-AEW
| 10<hr>8<hr>4
| delivered between 2000 and 2009
|-
|-
|
! style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="6" | '''UAVs'''
: Commander Maritime Command South
|| {{lang|it|Comandante del Comando Marittimo Sud}} (MARINASUD) || Rear Admiral || [[Eduardo Serra (admiral)|Eduardo Serra]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marina.difesa.it/conosciamoci/organizzazione/comandienti/dipartimentali/mdipart_ta/Pagine/cinc.aspx |title=Comandante del Comando Marittimo Sud – Marina Militare|website=marina.difesa.it|access-date=May 14, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tarantobuonasera.it/taranto-news/cronaca/399181/news.aspx|title=Marina Militare, cambio al vertice Le foto|website=tarantobuonasera.it|access-date=May 14, 2018}}{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
|-
|-
|
| [[Camcopter S-100]]<ref>http://www.marina.difesa.it/uominimezzi/aeromobili/Pagine/Ilfuturo.aspx</ref><ref>http://www.avionews.it/index.php?corpo=see_news_home.php&news_id=1140169&pagina_chiamante=index.php</ref>
: Commander Maritime Command Sicily
| {{AUT}}
|| {{lang|it|Comandante del Comando Marittimo Sicilia}} (MARISICILIA) || Rear Admiral || [[Nicola De Felice]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.siracusanews.it/node/55509 |title=Augusta, Cambia Il Vertice del Comando Marittimo Sicilia: De Felice Prende Il Posto di Camerini &#124; Siracusa News |access-date=January 19, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150627234620/http://www.siracusanews.it/node/55509 |archive-date=June 27, 2015 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all }}</ref>
| [[UAV]]
| S-100
| 2
| Delivered in 2014
|-
| [[Boeing Insitu ScanEagle|ScanEagle]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.avionews.it/index.php?corpo=see_news_home.php&news_id=1155217&pagina_chiamante=index.php|accessdate=28 March 2014|title=Insitu: contract with the Italian Navy for ScanEagle UAS aircraft delivery}}</ref>
| {{USA}}
| [[UAV]]
|
| 2
| Delivered in 2013
|-
|-
|
: Commander Maritime Command Rome
|| {{lang|it|Comandante del Comando Marittimo Capitale}} (MARICAPITALE) || Rear Admiral ||
|-
| [[Raiders and Divers Grouping "Teseo Tesei"|Raiders and Divers Grouping]]|| {{lang|it|Comandante Raggruppamento Subacquei ed Incursori}} (COMSUBIN) || Rear Admiral || Paolo Pezzuti
|}
|}
{{Reflist|group=lower-alpha}}


===Unità navali disarmate===
===Coast Guard===
The [[Corps of the Port Captaincies – Coast Guard]] ({{lang|it|Corpo delle Capitanerie di porto – Guardia costiera}}) is the [[coast guard]] of Italy and is part of the Italian Navy under the control of the [[Ministry of Infrastructures and Transports (Italy)|Ministry of Infrastructures and Transports]], the [[Ministry of the Environment (Italy)|Ministry of the Environment]], the [[Ministry of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Policies (Italy)|Ministry of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Policies]], as well as the [[Ministry of Defence (Italy)|Ministry of Defence]]. In Italy, it is commonly known as simply the ''Guardia costiera'' or ''Capitaneria di Porto''. The Coast Guard has approximately 11,000 staff.
[[File:Vittorio Veneto (incrociatore).jpg|thumb|right|250px]]
<ref name="CG">{{cite web|url=http://www.marina.difesa.it/EN/thefleet/coastguard/Pagine/default.aspx |title=Coast Guard – Port Authorities|publisher=Italian Navy|access-date=September 6, 2016}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
! style="text-align: left; background: #aabccc;"|Class
! style="text-align: left; background: #aabccc;"|Picture
! style="text-align: left; background: #aabccc;"|Type
! style="text-align: left; background: #aabccc;"|Ships
! style="text-align: left; background: #aabccc;"|Displacement
! style="text-align: left; background: #aabccc;"|Note
|-
! style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="9" | '''Cruiser'''
|-


===Corps===
==Structure and organisation==
{{Italian Navy}}
The Italian Navy is divided into six corps (by precedence):


* {{lang|it|Corpo di stato maggiore}} – Staff Officers Corps (SM): [[line officer]]s
===Structure===
* {{lang|it|Corpo del genio della Marina}} – [[Corps of Naval Engineering|Naval Engineers Corps]] (GM)
''Marina Militare'' is divided into seven corps (by precedence):
** {{lang|it|Specialità genio navale}} – Marine engineering branch (GM/GN): [[engineer officer]]s
** {{lang|it|Specialità armi navali}} – Naval ordnance branch (GM/AN): weapon engineer officers
** {{lang|it|Specialità genio infrastrutture}} – Infrastructure engineering (GM/INFR): [[civil engineer]] officers
* {{lang|it|Corpo sanitario militare marittimo}} – Maritime Military Medical Corps: (MD) for medics, (FM) for pharmacists
* {{lang|it|Corpo di commissariato militare marittimo}} – Military Maritime Supply Corps (CM): [[purser|administration]], [[paymaster]], [[legal executive]], [[supply officer|supply]], [[logistics officer]]
* {{lang|it|Corpo delle capitanerie di porto}} – [[Corps of the Port Captaincies – Coast Guard|Port Captaincies Corps]] (CP): the coast guard
* {{lang|it|Corpo degli equipaggi militari marittimi}} – Military Maritime Crews Corps (CEMM)


===Fleet===
* ''Corpo di stato maggiore'' - Corps of Staff Officers ('''SM''') (line officers)
Command of the Italian Fleet (ships, submarines and amphibious forces) and [[Italian Navy Aviation|Naval aviation]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marina.difesa.it/EN/thefleet/airfleet/Pagine/aviazionenavaleoggi.aspx |title=The Present Aviation – Marina Militare|website=marina.difesa.it|access-date=May 14, 2018}}</ref> falls under the [[Commander in Chief Naval Fleet]].
* ''Corpo del genio navale'' - [[Corps of Naval Engineering]] ('''GN''')
* ''Corpo delle armi navali'' - Corps of the Naval Arms ('''AN''')
* ''Corpo sanitario militare marittimo'' - Maritime Military Medical Corps ('''MD''') for medics; ('''FM''') for Pharmacists
* ''Corpo di commissariato militare marittimo'' - Corps of Military Maritime Commissariat ('''CM''') (administration)
* ''Corpo delle capitanerie di porto'' - [[Corps of the Port Captaincies – Coast Guard|Corps of the Port Captaincies]] ('''CP''') the coast guard
* ''Corpo degli equipaggi militari marittimi'' - Corps of the Military Maritime Crews ('''CEMM''')


===Organization===
==Equipment==
* ''Capo di Stato Maggiore della Marina'' (Navy Chief of Staff)- [[Ammiraglio di squadra]] [[Giuseppe de Giorgi]]
* ''Sottocapo di Stato Maggiore della Marina'' (Navy Deputy Chief of Staff)- Ammiraglio di squadra [[Claudio Gaudiosi]]
* '''Fleet Command''' - ''Comandante in Capo della Squadra Navale'' (CINCNAV) Ammiraglio di squadra [[Filippo Maria Foffi]]
** ''Comando Forze d'Altura'' COMFORAL (based in [[Taranto]]): ships ''Garibaldi'', ''Espero'', ''Etna'', ''Durand de la Penne'', ''Mimbelli'', ''San Giorgio'', ''San Marco'', ''San Giusto'', ''Elettra''
*** COMSQUAFR 1 (based in Taranto): ships ''Aliseo'','' Euro'', ''Zefiro'', ''Espero'', ''Artigliere'', ''Bersagliere'', ''Granatiere'', ''Aviere'', ''Stromboli''
*** COMSQUAFR 2 (based in [[La Spezia]]): ships ''Maestrale'', ''Grecale'', ''Libeccio'', ''Scirocco'', ''Vesuvio''
** ''Comando delle Forze da Pattugliamento per la Sorveglianza e la Difesa Costiera'' COMFORPAT (based in [[Augusta, Sicily|Augusta]]):
*** COMSQUACORV: ships ''Minerva'', ''Urania'','' Danaide'', ''Sfinge'','' Chimera'', ''Driade'', ''Fenice'', ''Sibilla''
*** COMSQUAPAT 1: ships ''Cassiopea'', ''Libra'', ''Spica'','' Vega''
*** COMSQUAPAT 2: ships'' Cigala Fulgosi'','' Borsini'', ''Foscari'', ''Bettica'','' Sirio'','' Orione''
** ''Comando delle Forze Anfibie'' COMFORSBARC (based in [[Brindisi]]):
*** [[San Marco Marine Brigade]]
*** Logistics and Training Regiment Carlotto
*** Gruppo Mezzi da Sbarco
** ''Comando Forze Subacquee'' COMFORSUB (based in [[Taranto]]):
*** COMGRUPSOM: submarines ''Da Vinci'', ''Pelosi'', ''Prini'','' Longobardo'','' Gazzana'','' Todaro'','' Scirè''
** ''Centro di Addestramento Aeronavale'' MARICENTADD
** ''Comando Forze Aeree'' COMFORAER (based in Santa Rosa)
** ''Centro per le Telecomunicazioni e l'Informatica'' MARITELE (based in Roma)
** ''Comando delle Forze di Contromisure Mine'' COMFORDRAG (based in La Spezia):
*** COMSQUADRAG 53: ships ''Numana'', ''Rimini'', ''Sapri'','' Termoli'', ''Viareggio'','' Vieste''
*** COMSQUADRAG 54: ships ''Alghero'', ''Chioggia'', ''Crotone'','' Gaeta'','' Lerici'','' Milazzo''
** ''Quartier Generale Marina'' QUARTGENMARINA (based in Roma)


===Ships and submarines===
==Rank structure==
{{Main|Italian Navy ranks}}
{{Main|List of active Italian Navy ships|List of decommissioned ships of the Italian Navy}}


Today's Italian Navy is a modern navy with ships of every type. The fleet is in continuous evolution, and as of today oceangoing fleet units include: 2 light [[aircraft carrier]]s, 3 [[amphibious assault ship]]s, 4 [[destroyer]]s, 11 [[frigate]]s and 8 [[attack submarine]]s. Patrol and littoral warfare units include: 10 [[patrol boat|offshore patrol vessels]], 10 [[mine countermeasure vessel]]s, 4 coastal [[patrol boat]]s, and a varied fleet of [[auxiliary ship]]s are also in service.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marina.difesa.it/EN/thefleet/Pagine/default.aspx |title=The Fleet – Marina Militare|website=marina.difesa.it|access-date=May 14, 2018}}</ref>
==Future of the Italian Navy==
* As of July 2014, four [[FREMM multipurpose frigate]]s have been launched, with three more currently undergoing construction, a further one financed within June 2013 and last two (ninth and tenth) authorized on June 18 2014 to contract (with AAW & ATBM capabilities and with A70 VLS for cruise missiles). These ships will replace the eight [[Maestrale class frigate|''Maestrale'' class]] and four [[Lupo class frigate|''Lupo'' class]] frigates, the latter already phased out.
* Two [[Type 212 submarine]]s are under construction to replace older types currently in service (Sauro III class), by 2015 and 2016.
* An ARS (USSP) - about 10.000 t, 127 m length, 23 m width, 18 kts max speed, 6.000&nbsp;nm range, 80 crew with accommodation for 180, hangar for 2 helicopters NH90/AW101, DVRS 650 - rescue and command ship for submarines (Auxiliary Rescue Ship / Nave Appoggio Incursori), with hydrographic and artic capability, is scheduled for commissioning in 2018, financed since 2013 with initial 5 million Euro in budget, on about 300 million Euro, total cost.
* 1 improved squadron replenishment ships (Logistic Support Ship, 23,000 ton, double hull, hangar for 2 x AW101, crew 80, 300 million Euros) to replace ''Stromboli'' and ''Vesuvio'', in about 2018. Already financed in 2014.
* 6 (+4 in option) new PPA (Pattugliatore Polivalente d'Altura, previously defined MSS Maritime Security Ships or UPAD) to replace Cassiopea & Minerva classes (4,500/5,500-ton, 135 m length, 16,5 m width x 10,5 m, 1 x OTO Melara 127/64&nbsp;mm Vulcano, 1 OTO Melara 76/62&nbsp;mm Strales, hangar for 2 helos NH-90 or 1 AW-101, crew 30 (Light version, without helos personnel) accommodation for 200, 25 kts cruiser speed (diesels only), 35 kts max speed with TAG & diesel engines (WAP), range 5,000 miles to 15 kts, 2/3 RHIBS or special forces boats up to 15 m, 25 x 15 x 5 m internal area for UAV, UUV or other modular systems (MHC, rescue & relief, emergency hospital, etc.): in service from 2017, one per year. First five will be "Light" version, fitted for but not with missiles. 4 of 10 PPA (beginning since the sixth) will be fitted as frigate, to replace Soldati & De la Penne classes, with 16 VLS A70 for Aster 15, Aster 30 & Scalp Navale cruise missiles; 8 x Teseo missiles (ASuW and land attack); 2 x MU-90s torpedo launchers, MFRA AESA 4 fixed flats radar. First 6 PPA financed by 2014, with 4 more in option; PPA Full will have ATBM capability (beginning with Aster 30 Bloch 1NT).
* 2 advanced vessels for special forces use: about 60/70 m length and 60/70 kts max speed, already financed in 2014.
* 1 20,000-ton amphibious assault ship (LHD), which will start replacing the two LPD [[San Giorgio class amphibious transport dock|''San Giorgio'']] from 2018/2020; 190 m length, 5 spot for helos, 25 kts max speed, 100 crew + 100 staff command + 800 landing force, 2 x 76/62&nbsp;mm Strales + air defence system with Aster 15 missiles. The stern floodable dock will can accommodate four LCM or one LCAC; financed by 2014.


The flagship of the fleet is the [[Italian aircraft carrier Cavour|carrier ''Cavour'']].
In addition, the Navy is planning, for middle years '20s:
* Another improved squadron replenishment ships (Logistic Support Ship, 23,000 ton)
* Another LHD vessel, notionally configured as an [[Landing Helicopter Assault|LHA]] is also planned for replace the {{ship|Italian aircraft carrier|Giuseppe Garibaldi|551|3}}.<ref>http://www.defenceiq.com/article.cfm?externalid=2725</ref>
* 6/10 COV Cacciamine Oceanico Veloce (OPV/MHC), to replace Comandanti, Sirio & Gaeta classes
* Another 2 SSK, to replace Sauro IV class
* Further 16 AW-101 helos


==Historic ships==
===Aircraft===
{{Main|List of active Italian military aircraft#Italian Naval Aviation}}
[[Image:Torricelli (S-512);0837310.jpg|thumb|Submarine ''Evangelista Torricelli'' (S-512), former [[USS Lizardfish (SS-373)|USS ''Lizardfish'' (SS-373)]].]]
{{see also|Italian Naval Aviation}}
The Italian Navy operates a diverse fleet of aircraft including fixed-wing, rotary and UAVs.
<gallery widths="200" mode="packed">
File:Marina Militare AV-8B Harrier II.jpg|[[McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II|AV-8B Harrier II]]
File:Agusta-Westland EH-101-410 Merlin, Italy - Navy JP7306257.jpg|[[AgustaWestland AW101|EH-101-410 Merlin]]
File:NH Industries NH-90NFH, Italy - Navy JP7306250.jpg|[[NHIndustries NH90|SH-90A]]
File:Schiebel Camcopter S-100 at ILA 2010.jpg|[[Schiebel Camcopter S-100|Camcopter S-100]]
</gallery>


==Future==
*''[[Italian cruiser Giuseppe Garibaldi (1961)|Cruiser Giuseppe Garibaldi]]'' (1957–1971): 1 vessel
* 2 x [[FREMM multipurpose frigate|''Bergamini''-class]] Mutiruolo+ (Enhanced, with ASW capabilities) frigates, being built to replace two vessels from the Italian FREMM-class build program that were transferred to Egypt in 2020 and 2021; delivery is anticipated in the 2025–26 period.<ref name="navalnews1">{{cite web |url=https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2020/11/new-ships-submarines-and-weapon-systems-for-italian-navy/|title=New ships, submarines and weapon systems for Italian Navy |website=Naval News |date=November 23, 2020}}</ref>
*''[[Impetuoso class destroyer]]s'' (1957–1983): 2 vessels
* 2 x [[FREMM multipurpose frigate|''Bergamini''-class]] EVO (ASW) frigates; delivery is anticipated in the 2029–30 period.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2024/07/orrizonte-sistemi-navali-signs-e1-5-billion-contract-for-two-fremm-evo-frigates-for-the-italian-navy/ |title=Orrizonte Sistemi Navali Signs €1.5 Billion Contract For Two “FREMM EVO” Frigates for the Italian Navy |website=Naval News |date=November 23, 2020}}</ref>
*''[[Andrea Doria class cruiser]]s'' (1964–1991): 2 vessels

*''[[Impavido class destroyer]]s'' (1963–1992): 2 vessels
The 2014 Naval Act allocated €5.4&nbsp;billion for the following vessels:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.marina.difesa.it/EN/facts/Pagine/naval-program-2014.aspx |title=Naval Program 2014 |work=Marina Militare |publisher=Ministero Della Difensa |access-date=May 14, 2018}}</ref>
*''[[Lupo class frigate]]s'' (1977–2001): 4 vessels - sold to the [[Peruvian Navy]]
* 1 x {{ship|Italian landing helicopter dock|Trieste||2}} [[landing helicopter dock]] (L9890) — commissioned 7 December 2024
*''[[Italian cruiser Vittorio Veneto|Vittorio Veneto Cruiser]]'' (1969–2003): 1 vessel
* 7 x {{sclass|Thaon di Revel|offshore patrol vessel|0}} [[offshore patrol vessel]]/[[frigate]]— 4× commissioned <ref name="LDIS">{{cite web |title=Linee di indirizzo strategico 2019–2034 |url=http://www.marina.difesa.it/media-cultura/editoria/marivista/Documents/Linee_indirizzo_strategico_2019_2034.pdf |work=Marina Militare |publisher=Stato Maggiore della Marina |access-date=11 November 2019 |archive-date=July 23, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190723091642/http://www.marina.difesa.it/media-cultura/editoria/marivista/Documents/Linee_indirizzo_strategico_2019_2034.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
*''[[Audace class destroyer]]s'' (1972–2006): 2 vessels

*[[Gato class submarine]]s:[[USS Dace (SS-247)|''Leonardo da Vinci'' (S510)]], [[USS Barb (SS-220)|''Enrico Tazzoli'' (S511)]]
The 2017 budget allocated €12.8&nbsp;billion (2017–2032 years) for the following ships:
*[[Balao class submarine]]s: [[USS Capitaine (SS-336)|''Alfredo Cappellini'' (S507)]], [[USS Lizardfish (SS-373)|''Evangelista Torricelli'' (S512)]], [[USS Besugo (SS-321)|''Francesco Morosini'' (S508)]]
* 1 x [[Italian ship USSP|Special & Diving Operations – Submarine Rescue Ship]] (SOD – SuRS),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fincantieri.com/en/products-and-services/naval-vessels/logistic-support-ships/|title=Fincantieri – Logistic Support Ships|website=fincantieri.com|access-date=May 14, 2018|archive-date=April 20, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180420074147/https://www.fincantieri.com/en/products-and-services/naval-vessels/logistic-support-ships/|url-status=dead}}</ref> to replace the [[submarine rescue ship]] {{ship|Italian ship|Anteo|A 5309|2}}
*[[Tench class submarine]]s: [[USS Volador (SS-490)|''Gianfranco Gazzana Priaroggia'' (S502)]], [[USS Pickerel (SS-524)|''Primo Longobardo'' (S501)]]
* 1 x [[Italian ship UIOM|Major Hydro-oceanographic Ship]] (NIOM),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fincantieri.com/en/products-and-services/naval-vessels/hydrographic-survey-vessel/|title=Fincantieri – Hydrographic Survey Vessel|website=fincantieri.com|access-date=May 14, 2018|archive-date=May 14, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180514213434/https://www.fincantieri.com/en/products-and-services/naval-vessels/hydrographic-survey-vessel/|url-status=dead}}</ref> to replace the [[hydrographic survey]] vessel {{ship|Italian ship|Ammiraglio Magnaghi|A 5303|2}}
*[[Tang class submarine]]s: [[Italian submarine Livio Piomarta (S-515)|''Livio Piomarta'' (S515)]], [[USS Harder (SS-568)|''Romeo Romei'' (S516)]]
* 12 x minehunters to replace the [[Lerici-class minehunter|''Lerici'' and ''Gaeta''-class]] minehunters:<ref name="LDIS"/>
*[[Toti class submarine]]s: ''Attilio Bagnolini'' (S505), ''Enrico Toti'' (S506), ''Enrico Dandolo'' (S513), ''Lazaro Mocenigo'' (S514)
** 8 x Cacciamine Nuova Generazione-Costieri (CNG-C, New Generation Minehunter – Coastal) for homeland security roles (about 800 t and 57 m)
*[[Sauro class submarine]]s: ''Sauro'' (S518), ''Di Cossato'' (S519), ''Marconi'' (S521)
** 4 x Cacciamine Nuova Generazione-Altura (CNG-A, New Generation Minehunter – Ocean-going) for expeditionary roles (about 1,300 t and 75–80 m)
* 8 x [[European Patrol Corvette]]s in a joint program with France (about 3,200 t)<ref name="LDIS"/>

The 2018 budget allocated about €1 billion for:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.themeditelegraph.com/it/shipping/shipyard-and-offshore/2018/02/03/pinotti-italia-avra-altri-due-sommergibili-HCUAac89XmPOtp4q9h5uwL/index.html|title=Pinotti: "L'Italia avrà altri due sommergibili" |work=The Medi Telegraph |language=it |trans-title=Pinotti: «Italy will have two more submarines» |access-date=May 14, 2018|archive-date=March 16, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180316211008/http://www.themeditelegraph.com/it/shipping/shipyard-and-offshore/2018/02/03/pinotti-italia-avra-altri-due-sommergibili-HCUAac89XmPOtp4q9h5uwL/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* 2 x [[U212 NFS submarine|U212NFS]] [[attack submarine]]s, for commissioning in 2027–2029.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2021/02/italys-u212nfs-near-future-submarine-contract-signed/|title = Italy's U212NFS Near Future Submarine Contract Signed |work=Naval News |date = February 26, 2021}}</ref> In December 2022, an amended contract was signed for production of a third NFS Submarine based on the design of the previous two submarines. The third Submarine (NFS 3) is planned to be delivered at the end of 2030, while a contract for the fourth boat was signed in 2024.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.defensenews.com/global/europe/2024/06/28/italy-signs-deal-for-final-submarine-in-four-strong-u-212-nfs-series/ |title=Italy signs deal for final submarine in four-strong U-212 NFS series |work=Defense News |last=Kington |first=Tom |date=28 June 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2022/12/u212-nfs-near-future-submarine-2nd-contract-amendment-awarded/ |title=U212 NFS (Near Future Submarine) 2nd Contract Amendment Awarded |work=Naval News |date=December 26, 2022}}</ref>

The "Documento Programmatico Pluriennale 2021–2023" funds the following ships:<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.forzearmate.org/difesa-approvato-il-documento-programmatico-pluriennale-2021-2023/|title = Difesa: Approvato il Documento Programmatico Pluriennale 2021–2023 |website=Forze Armate.org |language=it |trans-title=Defense: The 2021-2023 Multi-Year Programme Document has been approved |date = August 5, 2021}}</ref>
* 2 x 11,000-ton [[DDX-class]] destroyers, a development of the {{sclass2|Horizon|frigate|4}} to replace the {{sclass|Durand de la Penne|destroyer|0}} [[guided missile destroyer]]s by 2028 to 2030<ref name="LDIS"/><ref name="navalnews1"/>
* 3 x {{sclass|Vulcano|logistic support ship|1}}s, to replace [[Stromboli-class replenishment oiler|''Vesuvio'']] and {{ship|Italian ship|Etna|A 5326|2}}<ref name="LDIS"/> (increased to four ships under Defence Planning Document 2023–2025)<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2023/11/italian-mods-defence-planning-document-2023-2025-new-naval-and-joint-programs/ | title=Italian MoD's Defence Planning Document 2023-2025: New Naval And Joint Programs |website=Naval News | last=Peruzzi |first=Luca |date=20 November 2023 |access-date=20 November 2023}}</ref>
* 1 x UBOS, diving support vessel
* 10 x MTC, coastal transport vessels to replace the {{sclass|Gorgona|transport ship|4}} and {{sclass|Ponza|transport ship|4}}
* 4 x training vessels
* MLU Mid-Life Update of the Horizon-class destroyers
* 3 OPV (FCX-20 variant of Fincantieri's FCX; about 2300 tons) ordered August 2023 + 3 ships in option <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.janes.com/defence-news/naval-weapons/latest/orizzonte-sistemi-navali-receives-contract-for-new-italian-navy-opvs |title=Orizzonte Sistemi Navali receives contract for new Italian Navy OPVs |website=Janes |last=Tringham |first=Kate |date=3 August 2023}}</ref>

Planned:
* 2 x [[amphibious transport dock]]s, to [[San Giorgio-class amphibious transport dock#Replacement class|replace]] the {{sclass|San Giorgio|amphibious transport dock}}s (about 16,500 t) in 2028–2030 period<ref name="LDIS"/><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2023/11/italian-mods-defence-planning-document-2023-2025-new-naval-and-joint-programs/ | title=Italian MoD's Defence Planning Document 2023–2025: New Naval And Joint Programs |website=Naval News | last=Peruzzi |first=Luca |date=20 November 2023 |access-date=20 November 2023}}</ref>
* 1 x [[Spy ship|electronic surveillance ship]] to add to the existing {{ship|Italian ship|Elettra|A 5340|2}}<ref name="LDIS"/>
* 1 x submarine and minehunter support ship<ref name="LDIS"/>

For the [[Italian Navy Aviation|Naval Aviation]] the Navy plans to expand or replace the following assets:<ref name="LDIS"/>
* 9 x [[maritime patrol aircraft]] (currently 4 x [[ATR 72]]MP in service)
* 30 x heavy helicopters (currently 22 x [[AgustaWestland AW101|AW101]] in service)
* 12 x light utility helicopters, a new acquisition of [[AgustaWestland AW169|AW169]] helicopters
* 16 x tactical [[unmanned aerial vehicle]]s (currently 10 x [[Boeing Insitu ScanEagle|ScanEagle]] in service)

For the [[San Marco Marine Brigade]], the Navy plans to acquire following assets:<ref name="LDIS"/>
* 72 [[Iveco SuperAV]] amphibious 8x8 combat vehicles (36 vehicles ordered December 2022)<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2023/01/italian-navy-orders-36-amphibious-armoured-vehicles/ |title=Italian Navy orders 36 Amphibious Armoured Vehicles |work=Naval News |date=January 11, 2023}}</ref>
* 90 x [[GFF4|VTMM Orso]] armored 4x4 vehicles

==Rank structure==
{{Main|Italian Navy ranks}}
===Commissioned officer ranks===
The rank insignia of [[commissioned officer]]s.
{| style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background-color:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin: 0px 12px 12px 0px;"
{{Ranks and Insignia of NATO Armed Forces/OF/Blank}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of NATO Navies/OF/Italy}}
|}

===Other ranks===
The rank insignia of [[non-commissioned officer]]s and [[Enlisted rank|enlisted personnel]].
{| style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background-color:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin: 0px 12px 12px 0px;"
{{Ranks and Insignia of NATO Armies/OR/Blank}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of NATO Navies/OR/Italy}}
|}


==See also==
==See also==
* [[Italian Armed Forces]]
* [[Italian Armed Forces]]
* [[Uniforms of the Italian Armed Forces]]
* [[San Marco Marine Brigade]]
* [[Gruppo Sportivo della Marina Militare]]
* [[List of active Italian Navy ships]]
* [[List of decommissioned ships of the Italian Navy]]
* [[Regia Marina]]

== Notes ==
{{Notelist}}


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{reflist|30em}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{commons category|Marina Militare}}
{{commons category|Navies of Italy}}
* [http://www.marina.difesa.it Marina Militare official site]
* [http://www.marina.difesa.it Marina Militare official site]
* [https://medium.com/teatime-history/the-greatest-victory-of-the-italian-navy-0b86991b82ac The Greatest Victory of the Italian Navy]


{{Italy topics}}
{{Italian Military}}
{{Italian Military}}
{{Italian Navy}}
{{Ship classes of the Marina Militare}}
{{Ship classes of the Marina Militare}}
{{Navies in Europe}}
{{Navies in Europe}}
{{Allied Maritime Command}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Marina Militare]]
[[Category:Italian Navy| ]]
[[Category:Italian Navy| ]]
[[Category:Marina Militare]]

[[Category:1946 establishments in Italy]]
{{Link FA|it}}

Latest revision as of 12:30, 22 December 2024

For other uses, see Italian Navy (disambiguation).

Italian Navy
Marina Militare
Coat of arms of the Italian Navy, displaying the coats of arms of former Italian maritime republics (clockwise from top left: Venice, Genoa, Pisa and Amalfi)
Founded1861 as Regia Marina (official)
1946 as Marina Militare
Country Italy
TypeNavy
RoleNaval warfare
Size29,300 personnel
184 vessels (incl. minor auxiliaries)
70 aircraft[1]
Part ofItalian Armed Forces
Motto(s)Italian: Patria e Onore
"Motherland and Honour"
MarchLa Ritirata (ritirata is the return of soldiers to their barrack, or sailors to their ship after a leave) by Tommaso Mario
Anniversaries10 June – Sinking of the Austro-Hungarian battleship SMS Szent István by Luigi Rizzo
Decorations1 Cavalier Cross of the Military Order of Savoy
3 Cavalier's Crosses of the Military Order of Italy
2 Gold Medals of Military Valor
1 Silver Medal of Military Valor
1 Gold Medal for Merited Public Honor
Commanders
Chief of Staff of the Italian NavyAmmiraglio di squadra
Enrico Credendino
Deputy Chief of Naval StaffAmmiraglio di squadra
Claudio Gaudiosi
Insignia
Roundels 
Ensign
Jack

The Italian Navy (Italian: Marina Militare, lit. 'Military Navy'; abbreviated as MM) is one of the four branches of Italian Armed Forces and was formed in 1946 from what remained of the Regia Marina (Royal Navy) after World War II. As of August 2014, the Italian Navy had a strength of 30,923 active personnel, with approximately 184 vessels in service, including minor auxiliary vessels. It is considered a multiregional and a blue-water navy.[2][3][4]

History

[edit]

Before and during World War II

[edit]
Main article: Regia Marina

The Regia Marina was formed on 17 March 1861, after the proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy.[5] The Italian Navy assumed its present name after the Italian monarchy was abolished following a popular referendum held on 2 June 1946.

After World War II

[edit]

At the end of its five years involvement in World War II, Italy was a devastated nation. After the end of hostilities, the Regia Marina – which at the beginning of the war was the fourth largest navy in the world, with a mix of modernised and new battleships – started a long and complex rebuilding process. The important combat contributions of the Italian naval forces after the signing of the armistice with the Allies on 8 September 1943, and the subsequent cooperation agreement on 23 September 1943, left the Regia Marina in a poor condition, with much of its infrastructure and bases unusable and its ports mined and blocked by sunken ships. However, a large number of its naval units had survived the war, albeit in a low efficiency state, which was due to the conflict and the age of many vessels. The vessels that remained were:

  • 5 battleships
  • 10 cruisers
  • 10 destroyers
  • 20 frigates
  • 20 corvettes
  • 50 fast coastal patrol units
  • 50 minesweepers
  • 19 amphibious operations vessels
  • 5 school ships
  • 1 support ship and plane transport

The peace treaty

[edit]

The peace treaty signed on 10 February 1947 in Paris was onerous for Regia Marina. Apart from territorial and material losses, also the following restrictions were imposed:

  • A ban on owning, building or experimenting with atomic weapons, self-propulsion projectiles or relative launchers, etc.
  • A ban on owning battleships, aircraft carriers, submarines and amphibious assault units.
  • A ban on operating military installations on the islands of Pantelleria, Pianosa and on the archipelago of the Pelagie Islands.
Aircraft carrier Aquila just before being scrapped in La Spezia, 1951

The treaty also ordered Italy to put the following ships at the disposals of the victorious nations United States, Soviet Union, Great Britain, France, Greece, Yugoslavia and Albania as war compensation:

  • 3 battleships: Giulio Cesare, Italia, Vittorio Veneto;
  • 5 cruisers: Emanuele Filiberto Duca d'Aosta, Attilio Regolo, Scipione Africano, Eugenio di Savoia and Eritrea;
  • 7 destroyers, 5 of the Soldati class and Augusto Riboty and Alfredo Oriani;
  • 6 minesweepers: like Aliseo and Fortunale;
  • 8 submarines: 3 of the Acciaio class;
  • 1 sailing school ship: Cristoforo Colombo.

The entry into NATO

[edit]

Great changes in the international political situation, which were developing into the Cold War, convinced the United Kingdom and United States to discontinue the transfer of Italy's capital ships as war reparations. Some had already been dismantled in La Spezia between 1948 and 1955, including the aircraft carrier Aquila. However, the Soviet Union demanded the surrender of the battleship Giulio Cesare and other naval units designated for transfer. The cruisers Attilio Regolo and Scipione Africano became the French Chateaurenault and Guichen, while Eugenio di Savoia became the Greek Elli. After break up and transfers, only a small part of the fleet remained to be recommissioned into the Marina. As Western attention turned to the Soviets and the Mediterranean Sea, Italian seas became one of the main sites of confrontation between the two superpowers, contributing to the re-emergence of Italy's naval importance thanks to her strategic geographical position.

The carrier Cavour in the Gulf of Oman, 2013

With the new elections in 1946, the Kingdom of Italy became a republic, and the Regia Marina took the name of Marina Militare (lit. 'Military Navy'). As the Marshall Plan began to rebuild Italy and Europe was rapidly being divided into two geopolitically antagonistic blocs, Italy began talks with the United States to guarantee adequate security considerations. The US government in Washington wished to keep its own installations on the Italian Peninsula and relaxed the Treaty restrictions by including Italy in the Mutual Defense Assistance Programme (MDAP). On 4 April 1949, Italy joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and, in order for the navy to contribute actively in the organization, the Treaty restrictions were definitively repealed by the end of 1951, with the consent of all of Western nations.

Within NATO, the Italian Navy was assigned combat control of the Adriatic Sea and Strait of Otranto, as well as the defence of the naval routes through the Tyrrhenian Sea. To ensure these tasks a Studio sul potenziamento della Marina italiana in relazione al Patto Atlantico (Study on the development of the Italian Navy with reference to the Atlantic Pact) was undertaken, which researched the structures and the methods for the development of the navy.

[edit]
Naval ensign of Italy

The ensign of the Italian Navy is the flag of Italy bearing the coat of arms of the Italian Navy. The shield's quarters refer to the four Medieval Italian Maritime Republics:

The coat of arms is surmounted by a golden crown, which distinguishes military vessels from those of the merchant navy.

The crown, corona rostrata, was proposed in 1939 as a conjectural link to the Roman navy by Admiral Domenico Cavagnari, then a member of the Chamber of Fasces and Corporations in the Fascist government. In the proposal, Adm. Cavagnari wrote that "in order to recall the common origin [of the Navy] from the Roman mariners, the Insignia will be surmounted by the towered Crown with rostra, the emblem of honour and valour the Roman Senate awarded to the leaders of naval victories, conquerors of lands and cities across the seas".

A further difference is that St. Mark's lion, symbolising the Republic of Venice, does not hold the gospel in its paw (as it does on the civil ensign, where the book is open at the words "Pax tibi Marce, evangelista meus", meaning "peace to you, Mark, my evangelist") and is wielding a sword instead: such an image is consistent with the pictorial tradition from Venetian history, in which the book is shown open during peacetime and closed during wartime.

Structure and organisation

[edit]

Organization

[edit]
Main article: Structure of the Italian Navy

In 2012 the Navy began a restructuring process that will see a 21% decrease in personnel by 2025. A new structure was implemented in January 2014.[6]

Position Italian title Rank Incumbent
Chief of Staff of the Navy Capo di Stato Maggiore della Marina Vice Admiral Enrico Credendino
Deputy Chief of Staff of the Navy Sottocapo di Stato Maggiore della Marina Vice Admiral Giuseppe Berutti Bergotto[7]
Commander in Chief Naval Fleet Comandante in Capo della Squadra Navale (CINCNAV) Vice Admiral Aurelio De Carolis
Commander Schools Command Comandante Scuole (MARICOMSCUOLE) Vice Admiral Antonio Natale[8]
Commander Logistics Command Comandante Logistico (MARICOMLOG) Vice Admiral Salvatore Vitiello[9]
Commander Maritime Command North
 Comandante del Comando Marittimo Nord (MARINANORD) Rear Admiral Giorgio Lazio[10]
Commander Maritime Command South
 Comandante del Comando Marittimo Sud (MARINASUD) Rear Admiral Eduardo Serra[11][12]
Commander Maritime Command Sicily
 Comandante del Comando Marittimo Sicilia (MARISICILIA) Rear Admiral Nicola De Felice[13]
Commander Maritime Command Rome
 Comandante del Comando Marittimo Capitale (MARICAPITALE) Rear Admiral
Raiders and Divers Grouping Comandante Raggruppamento Subacquei ed Incursori (COMSUBIN) Rear Admiral Paolo Pezzuti

Coast Guard

[edit]

The Corps of the Port Captaincies – Coast Guard (Corpo delle Capitanerie di porto – Guardia costiera) is the coast guard of Italy and is part of the Italian Navy under the control of the Ministry of Infrastructures and Transports, the Ministry of the Environment, the Ministry of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Policies, as well as the Ministry of Defence. In Italy, it is commonly known as simply the Guardia costiera or Capitaneria di Porto. The Coast Guard has approximately 11,000 staff. [14]

Corps

[edit]

The Italian Navy is divided into six corps (by precedence):

  • Corpo di stato maggiore – Staff Officers Corps (SM): line officers
  • Corpo del genio della Marina – Naval Engineers Corps (GM)
    • Specialità genio navale – Marine engineering branch (GM/GN): engineer officers
    • Specialità armi navali – Naval ordnance branch (GM/AN): weapon engineer officers
    • Specialità genio infrastrutture – Infrastructure engineering (GM/INFR): civil engineer officers
  • Corpo sanitario militare marittimo – Maritime Military Medical Corps: (MD) for medics, (FM) for pharmacists
  • Corpo di commissariato militare marittimo – Military Maritime Supply Corps (CM): administration, paymaster, legal executive, supply, logistics officer
  • Corpo delle capitanerie di porto – Port Captaincies Corps (CP): the coast guard
  • Corpo degli equipaggi militari marittimi – Military Maritime Crews Corps (CEMM)

Fleet

[edit]

Command of the Italian Fleet (ships, submarines and amphibious forces) and Naval aviation[15] falls under the Commander in Chief Naval Fleet.

Equipment

[edit]

Ships and submarines

[edit]
Main articles: List of active Italian Navy ships and List of decommissioned ships of the Italian Navy

Today's Italian Navy is a modern navy with ships of every type. The fleet is in continuous evolution, and as of today oceangoing fleet units include: 2 light aircraft carriers, 3 amphibious assault ships, 4 destroyers, 11 frigates and 8 attack submarines. Patrol and littoral warfare units include: 10 offshore patrol vessels, 10 mine countermeasure vessels, 4 coastal patrol boats, and a varied fleet of auxiliary ships are also in service.[16]

The flagship of the fleet is the carrier Cavour.

Aircraft

[edit]
Main article: List of active Italian military aircraft § Italian Naval Aviation
See also: Italian Naval Aviation

The Italian Navy operates a diverse fleet of aircraft including fixed-wing, rotary and UAVs.

Future

[edit]
  • 2 x Bergamini-class Mutiruolo+ (Enhanced, with ASW capabilities) frigates, being built to replace two vessels from the Italian FREMM-class build program that were transferred to Egypt in 2020 and 2021; delivery is anticipated in the 2025–26 period.[17]
  • 2 x Bergamini-class EVO (ASW) frigates; delivery is anticipated in the 2029–30 period.[18]

The 2014 Naval Act allocated €5.4 billion for the following vessels:[19]

The 2017 budget allocated €12.8 billion (2017–2032 years) for the following ships:

The 2018 budget allocated about €1 billion for:[23]

  • 2 x U212NFS attack submarines, for commissioning in 2027–2029.[24] In December 2022, an amended contract was signed for production of a third NFS Submarine based on the design of the previous two submarines. The third Submarine (NFS 3) is planned to be delivered at the end of 2030, while a contract for the fourth boat was signed in 2024.[25][26]

The "Documento Programmatico Pluriennale 2021–2023" funds the following ships:[27]

Planned:

For the Naval Aviation the Navy plans to expand or replace the following assets:[20]

For the San Marco Marine Brigade, the Navy plans to acquire following assets:[20]

Rank structure

[edit]
Main article: Italian Navy ranks

Commissioned officer ranks

[edit]

The rank insignia of commissioned officers.

NATO code OF-10 OF-9 OF-8 OF-7 OF-6 OF-5 OF-4 OF-3 OF-2 OF-1
 Italian Navy[32][33][34]
Ammiraglio Ammiraglio di squadra Ammiraglio di divisione Contrammiraglio Capitano di vascello Capitano di fregata Capitano di corvetta Tenente di vascello Sottotenente di vascello Guardiamarina

Other ranks

[edit]

The rank insignia of non-commissioned officers and enlisted personnel.

NATO code OR-9 OR-8 OR-7 OR-6 OR-5 OR-4 OR-3 OR-2 OR-1
 Italian Navy[35][36]
Capo di prima classe Capo di seconda classe Capo di terza classe
Sottocapo aiutante Sottocapo scelto Sottocapo di prima classe Sottocapo di seconda classe Sottocapo di terza classe
No insignia
Primo luogotenente Luogotenente Primo maresciallo Secondo aiutante Secondo capo scelto Secondo capo Sergente Comune scelto Comune di prima classe Comune di seconda classe

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Rapporto Marina Militare 2023" (PDF). www.marina.difesa.it (in Italian).
  2. ^ Todd, Daniel; Lindberg, Michael (May 14, 1996). Navies and Shipbuilding Industries: The Strained Symbiosis. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 9780275953102. Retrieved May 14, 2018 – via Google Books.
  3. ^ Till, Geoffrey (August 2, 2004). Seapower: A Guide for the Twenty-First Century. London: Routledge. pp. 113–120. ISBN 9781135756789. Retrieved December 15, 2015.
  4. ^ Coffey, Joseph I. (1989). The Atlantic Alliance and the Middle East. United States: University of Pittsburgh Press. p. 89. ISBN 9780822911548. Retrieved November 30, 2015.
  5. ^ "151° anniversario della Marina Militare all'insegna della solidarietà e della sobrietà" (in Italian). Ministero della Difesa Marina Militare. June 6, 2012. Retrieved May 28, 2020.
  6. ^ "Organizzazione". Italian Navy. Retrieved September 1, 2016.
  7. ^ "Marina, Squadra Navale: De Carolis nuovo Comandante in capo". December 17, 2021.
  8. ^ Ammiraglio di Squadra Antonio Natale Retrieved 8 March 2023
  9. ^ "Comandante del Comando Logistico della Marina Militare - Marina Militare". www.marina.difesa.it.
  10. ^ "Il Comandante – Marina Militare". marina.difesa.it. Retrieved May 14, 2018.
  11. ^ "Comandante del Comando Marittimo Sud – Marina Militare". marina.difesa.it. Retrieved May 14, 2018.
  12. ^ "Marina Militare, cambio al vertice Le foto". tarantobuonasera.it. Retrieved May 14, 2018.[permanent dead link‍]
  13. ^ "Augusta, Cambia Il Vertice del Comando Marittimo Sicilia: De Felice Prende Il Posto di Camerini | Siracusa News". Archived from the original on June 27, 2015. Retrieved January 19, 2017.
  14. ^ "Coast Guard – Port Authorities". Italian Navy. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  15. ^ "The Present Aviation – Marina Militare". marina.difesa.it. Retrieved May 14, 2018.
  16. ^ "The Fleet – Marina Militare". marina.difesa.it. Retrieved May 14, 2018.
  17. ^ a b "New ships, submarines and weapon systems for Italian Navy". Naval News. November 23, 2020.
  18. ^ "Orrizonte Sistemi Navali Signs €1.5 Billion Contract For Two "FREMM EVO" Frigates for the Italian Navy". Naval News. November 23, 2020.
  19. ^ "Naval Program 2014". Marina Militare. Ministero Della Difensa. Retrieved May 14, 2018.
  20. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Linee di indirizzo strategico 2019–2034" (PDF). Marina Militare. Stato Maggiore della Marina. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 23, 2019. Retrieved November 11, 2019.
  21. ^ "Fincantieri – Logistic Support Ships". fincantieri.com. Archived from the original on April 20, 2018. Retrieved May 14, 2018.
  22. ^ "Fincantieri – Hydrographic Survey Vessel". fincantieri.com. Archived from the original on May 14, 2018. Retrieved May 14, 2018.
  23. ^ "Pinotti: "L'Italia avrà altri due sommergibili"" [Pinotti: «Italy will have two more submarines»]. The Medi Telegraph (in Italian). Archived from the original on March 16, 2018. Retrieved May 14, 2018.
  24. ^ "Italy's U212NFS Near Future Submarine Contract Signed". Naval News. February 26, 2021.
  25. ^ Kington, Tom (June 28, 2024). "Italy signs deal for final submarine in four-strong U-212 NFS series". Defense News.
  26. ^ "U212 NFS (Near Future Submarine) 2nd Contract Amendment Awarded". Naval News. December 26, 2022.
  27. ^ "Difesa: Approvato il Documento Programmatico Pluriennale 2021–2023" [Defense: The 2021-2023 Multi-Year Programme Document has been approved]. Forze Armate.org (in Italian). August 5, 2021.
  28. ^ Peruzzi, Luca (November 20, 2023). "Italian MoD's Defence Planning Document 2023-2025: New Naval And Joint Programs". Naval News. Retrieved November 20, 2023.
  29. ^ Tringham, Kate (August 3, 2023). "Orizzonte Sistemi Navali receives contract for new Italian Navy OPVs". Janes.
  30. ^ Peruzzi, Luca (November 20, 2023). "Italian MoD's Defence Planning Document 2023–2025: New Naval And Joint Programs". Naval News. Retrieved November 20, 2023.
  31. ^ "Italian Navy orders 36 Amphibious Armoured Vehicles". Naval News. January 11, 2023.
  32. ^ "Ufficiali Ammiragli". marina.difesa.it (in Italian). Ministry of Defence. Retrieved September 26, 2021.
  33. ^ "Ufficiali Superiori". marina.difesa.it (in Italian). Ministry of Defence. Retrieved September 26, 2021.
  34. ^ "Ufficiali Inferiori". marina.difesa.it (in Italian). Ministry of Defence. Retrieved September 26, 2021.
  35. ^ "Sottufficiali". marina.difesa.it (in Italian). Ministry of Defence. Retrieved September 26, 2021.
  36. ^ "LEGGE 5 agosto 2022, n. 119" [Law 5 August 2022, n. 119] (in Italian). Archived from the original on May 24, 2024.
[edit]
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