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{{Short description|Surveillance program of the United States Postal Service}}
'''Mail Isolation Control and Tracking''' ('''MICT''') is an imaging system employed by the [[United States Postal Service]] (USPS) that takes photographs of the exterior of every piece of paper mail that is processed in the [[United States]].<ref name=nytpickering>{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/04/us/monitoring-of-snail-mail.html|title=U.S. Postal Service Logging All Mail for Law Enforcement|publisher=New York Times|date=July 3, 2013|first=Ron|last=Nixon}}</ref> The Postmaster General has stated that the system is primarily used for mail sorting,<ref name="ap_confirm"/> though it also enables the USPS to retroactively track mail correspondence at the request of [[law enforcement]].<ref name="ap_confirm" /> It was created in the aftermath of the [[2001 anthrax attacks]] that killed five people, including two [[postal worker]]s.<ref name="ap_confirm">{{cite web|url=http://bigstory.ap.org/article/ap-interview-usps-takes-photos-all-mail|title=AP Interview: USPS takes photos of all mail|date=2 August 2013|accessdate=6 August 2013}}</ref><ref name="usps_confirm">{{cite web|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/03/us/postal-service-confirms-photographing-all-us-mail.html?src=recg|title=Postal Service Confirms Photographing All U.S. Mail|date=2 August 2013|accessdate=6 August 2013}}</ref> The automated mail tracking program was created so that the Postal Service could more easily track hazardous substances and keep people safe, according to [[U.S. Postmaster General]] [[Patrick R. Donahoe]].<ref name="ap_confirm"/>
'''Mail Isolation Control and Tracking''' ('''MICT''') is an imaging system employed by the [[United States Postal Service]] (USPS) that takes photographs of the exterior of every piece of mail that is processed in the United States.<ref name=nytpickering>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/04/us/monitoring-of-snail-mail.html|title=U.S. Postal Service Logging All Mail for Law Enforcement|work=New York Times|date=July 3, 2013|first=Ron|last=Nixon}}</ref> The Postmaster General has stated that the system is primarily used for mail sorting,<ref name="ap_confirm"/> though it also enables the USPS to retroactively track mail correspondence at the request of [[law enforcement]].<ref name="ap_confirm" /> It was created in the aftermath of the [[2001 anthrax attacks]] that killed five people, including two [[postal worker]]s.<ref name="ap_confirm">{{cite web|url=http://bigstory.ap.org/article/ap-interview-usps-takes-photos-all-mail|title=AP Interview: USPS takes photos of all mail|date=2 August 2013|access-date=6 August 2013|archive-date=24 August 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130824061517/http://bigstory.ap.org/article/ap-interview-usps-takes-photos-all-mail|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="usps_confirm">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/03/us/postal-service-confirms-photographing-all-us-mail.html?src=recg|title=Postal Service Confirms Photographing All U.S. Mail|newspaper=The New York Times |date=2 August 2013|access-date=6 August 2013|last1=Nixon |first1=Ron }}</ref> The automated mail tracking program was created so that the Postal Service could more easily track hazardous substances and keep people safe, according to [[U.S. Postmaster General]] [[Patrick R. Donahoe]].<ref name="ap_confirm"/>


The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] (FBI) revealed MICT on June 7, 2013 when discussing the Bureau's investigation of [[ricin]]-laced letters sent to [[U.S. President]] [[Barack Obama]] and [[New York City mayor]] [[Michael Bloomberg]].<ref name=nytpickering/> The FBI stated in a criminal complaint that the program was used to narrow its investigation to [[Shannon Richardson]].<ref name=smokinggun>{{cite news|url=http://www.thesmokinggun.com/documents/woman-arrested-for-obama-bloomberg-ricin-letters-687435|title=Ricin Suspect Was Tracked Via Mail Scanners|publisher=The Smoking Gun|date=June 7, 2013}}</ref> [[U.S. Postmaster General]] [[Patrick R. Donahoe]] confirmed in an interview with the [[Associated Press]] the existence of this program on August 2, 2013.<ref name="ap_confirm"/><ref name="usps_confirm"/><ref name="WaPo_confirm">{{cite web|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/ap-interview-postal-service-takes-photos-of-all-mail-keeps-images-for-up-to-a-month/2013/08/02/bd459ae2-fb45-11e2-89f7-8599e3f77a67_story.html|title=AP Interview: Postal Service takes photos of all mail, keeps images for up to a month|date=2 August 2013|accessdate=6 August 2013}}</ref>
The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] (FBI) revealed MICT on June 7, 2013, when discussing the Bureau's investigation of [[ricin]]-laced letters sent to [[U.S. President]] [[Barack Obama]] and [[New York City mayor]] [[Michael Bloomberg]].<ref name=nytpickering/><ref name=HR-MA-14-002_foia>{{Cite web|date=December 3, 2013|title=USPS Inspector General report HR-MA-14-002 (redacted FOIA version)|url=https://documents.theblackvault.com/documents/ig/HR-MA-14-002.pdf|access-date=January 19, 2022}}</ref> The FBI stated in a criminal complaint that the program was used to narrow its investigation to [[Shannon Richardson]].<ref name=smokinggun>{{cite news|url=http://www.thesmokinggun.com/documents/woman-arrested-for-obama-bloomberg-ricin-letters-687435|title=Ricin Suspect Was Tracked Via Mail Scanners|publisher=The Smoking Gun|date=June 7, 2013}}</ref> The Postmaster General, Patrick R. Donahoe, confirmed in an interview with the [[Associated Press]] the existence of this program on August 2, 2013.<ref name="ap_confirm"/><ref name="usps_confirm"/><ref name="WaPo_confirm">{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/ap-interview-postal-service-takes-photos-of-all-mail-keeps-images-for-up-to-a-month/2013/08/02/bd459ae2-fb45-11e2-89f7-8599e3f77a67_story.html|title=AP Interview: Postal Service takes photos of all mail, keeps images for up to a month|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=2 August 2013|access-date=6 August 2013}}{{dead link|date=June 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>


In confirming the existence of MICT, Donahoe told the [[Associated Press]] that the USPS does not maintain a massive centralized database of the letter images. He said that the images are taken at more than 200 mail processing centers around the country, and that each scanning machine at the processing centers only keeps images of the letters it scans. He also stated the images are retained for a week to 30 days and then destroyed.<ref name="ap_confirm"/><ref name="usps_confirm"/>
In confirming the existence of MICT, Donahoe told the Associated Press that the USPS does not maintain a massive centralized database of the letter images. He said that the images are taken at more than 200 mail processing centers around the country, and that each scanning machine at the processing centers only keeps images of the letters it scans. He also stated the images are retained for a week to 30 days and then destroyed.<ref name="ap_confirm"/><ref name="usps_confirm"/>


Computer security and information privacy expert [[Bruce Schneier]] compared MICT to the [[mass surveillance]] of the [[National Security Agency]] (NSA), revealed in June 2013 by [[Edward Snowden]]. Schneier said, "Basically, [the USPS is] doing the same thing as the [NSA] programs, collecting the information on the outside of your mail, the [[metadata]], if you will, of names, addresses, return addresses and [[postmark]] locations, which gives the government a pretty good map of your contacts, even if they aren't reading the contents."<ref name=nytpickering/>
Computer security and [[information privacy]] expert [[Bruce Schneier]] compared MICT to the [[mass surveillance]] of the [[National Security Agency]] (NSA), revealed in June 2013 by [[Edward Snowden]]. Schneier said, "Basically, [the USPS is] doing the same thing as the [NSA] programs, collecting the information on the outside of your mail, the [[metadata]], if you will, of names, addresses, return addresses and [[postmark]] locations, which gives the government a pretty good map of your contacts, even if they aren't reading the contents."<ref name=nytpickering/>


James J. Wedick, a former [[FBI agent]], said of MICT, "It's a treasure trove of information. Looking at just the outside of letters and other mail, I can see who you bank with, who you communicate with — all kinds of useful information that gives investigators leads that they can then follow up on with a subpoena."<ref name=nytpickering/> He also said the program "can be easily abused because it's so easy to use, and you don't have to go through a judge to get the information. You just fill out a form."<ref name=nytpickering/>
James J. Wedick, a former FBI agent, said of MICT, "It's a treasure trove of information. Looking at just the outside of letters and other mail, I can see who you bank with, who you communicate with—all kinds of useful information that gives investigators leads that they can then follow up on with a subpoena."<ref name=nytpickering/> He also said the program "can be easily abused because it's so easy to use, and you don't have to go through a judge to get the information. You just fill out a form."<ref name=nytpickering/>


Following the FBI's revelation of MICT, a spokesperson for the [[Australia Post]] stated that the Post does not photograph mail and only records personal details on mail packages at the direction of authorized law enforcement agencies.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.smh.com.au/national/australia-post-does-not-photograph-mail-20130704-2pe1c.html|title=Australia Post 'does not photograph mail'|publisher=Sydney Morning Herald|date=July 4, 2013|first=Jessica|last=Wright}}</ref>
The U.S. Postal Service almost never denies requests to track suspects’ mail on behalf of law-enforcement agencies.<ref name="WaPo_requests">{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/federal-eye/wp/2014/11/20/postal-service-almost-never-denies-mail-surveillance-requests/|title=Postal Service almost never denies mail-surveillance requests|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=20 November 2014|access-date=10 March 2020}}</ref>


== See also ==
== See also ==
* [[Informed Delivery]]
* [[Mail cover]]
* [[Mail cover]]
* [[Mass surveillance in the United States]]
* [[Mass surveillance in the United States]]
* [[MLOCR]]
* [[MLOCR]]
* [[Postal censorship]]


== References==
== References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}
{{United States Postal Service}}

{{Postal system}}
{{Postal system}}

[[Category:United States Postal Service]]
[[Category:United States Postal Service]]
[[Category:Law enforcement techniques]]
[[Category:Law enforcement techniques]]

Latest revision as of 13:22, 22 August 2024

Mail Isolation Control and Tracking (MICT) is an imaging system employed by the United States Postal Service (USPS) that takes photographs of the exterior of every piece of mail that is processed in the United States.[1] The Postmaster General has stated that the system is primarily used for mail sorting,[2] though it also enables the USPS to retroactively track mail correspondence at the request of law enforcement.[2] It was created in the aftermath of the 2001 anthrax attacks that killed five people, including two postal workers.[2][3] The automated mail tracking program was created so that the Postal Service could more easily track hazardous substances and keep people safe, according to U.S. Postmaster General Patrick R. Donahoe.[2]

The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) revealed MICT on June 7, 2013, when discussing the Bureau's investigation of ricin-laced letters sent to U.S. President Barack Obama and New York City mayor Michael Bloomberg.[1][4] The FBI stated in a criminal complaint that the program was used to narrow its investigation to Shannon Richardson.[5] The Postmaster General, Patrick R. Donahoe, confirmed in an interview with the Associated Press the existence of this program on August 2, 2013.[2][3][6]

In confirming the existence of MICT, Donahoe told the Associated Press that the USPS does not maintain a massive centralized database of the letter images. He said that the images are taken at more than 200 mail processing centers around the country, and that each scanning machine at the processing centers only keeps images of the letters it scans. He also stated the images are retained for a week to 30 days and then destroyed.[2][3]

Computer security and information privacy expert Bruce Schneier compared MICT to the mass surveillance of the National Security Agency (NSA), revealed in June 2013 by Edward Snowden. Schneier said, "Basically, [the USPS is] doing the same thing as the [NSA] programs, collecting the information on the outside of your mail, the metadata, if you will, of names, addresses, return addresses and postmark locations, which gives the government a pretty good map of your contacts, even if they aren't reading the contents."[1]

James J. Wedick, a former FBI agent, said of MICT, "It's a treasure trove of information. Looking at just the outside of letters and other mail, I can see who you bank with, who you communicate with—all kinds of useful information that gives investigators leads that they can then follow up on with a subpoena."[1] He also said the program "can be easily abused because it's so easy to use, and you don't have to go through a judge to get the information. You just fill out a form."[1]

The U.S. Postal Service almost never denies requests to track suspects’ mail on behalf of law-enforcement agencies.[7]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e Nixon, Ron (July 3, 2013). "U.S. Postal Service Logging All Mail for Law Enforcement". New York Times.
  2. ^ a b c d e f "AP Interview: USPS takes photos of all mail". 2 August 2013. Archived from the original on 24 August 2013. Retrieved 6 August 2013.
  3. ^ a b c Nixon, Ron (2 August 2013). "Postal Service Confirms Photographing All U.S. Mail". The New York Times. Retrieved 6 August 2013.
  4. ^ "USPS Inspector General report HR-MA-14-002 (redacted FOIA version)" (PDF). December 3, 2013. Retrieved January 19, 2022.
  5. ^ "Ricin Suspect Was Tracked Via Mail Scanners". The Smoking Gun. June 7, 2013.
  6. ^ "AP Interview: Postal Service takes photos of all mail, keeps images for up to a month". The Washington Post. 2 August 2013. Retrieved 6 August 2013.[dead link‍]
  7. ^ "Postal Service almost never denies mail-surveillance requests". The Washington Post. 20 November 2014. Retrieved 10 March 2020.
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