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An '''immigration tariff''' is a [[Duty (economics)|charge levied]] on [[immigrants]] wanting [[permanent residency]] within a nation. As a means of applying [[price theory]] to a nation's [[immigration policy]], it is generally advocated as an alternative to existing [[Regulations|bureaucratic procedures]] as a means of moderating or better regulating the flow of immigration to a given level.


An '''immigration tariff''' or '''migrant levy''' is a [[Duty (economics)|charge levied]] on [[immigrants]] wanting [[permanent residency]] within a nation.<ref>{{cite web |title=R5.90 Migrant levy |url=https://www.immigration.govt.nz/opsmanual-archive/37109.HTM |website=www.immigration.govt.nz}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Migrant domestic worker levy |url=https://www.mom.gov.sg/passes-and-permits/work-permit-for-foreign-domestic-worker/foreign-domestic-worker-levy |website=Ministry of Manpower Singapore |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Education |first1=New Zealand Ministry |title=Immigration Levy |url=https://www.tec.govt.nz/funding/funding-and-performance/funding/fund-finder/immigration-levy/ |website=Tertiary Education Commission |language=en-NZ |date=19 September 2016}}</ref> As a means of applying [[price theory]] to a nation's [[immigration policy]], it is generally advocated as an alternative to existing [[Regulations|bureaucratic procedures]] as a means of moderating or better regulating the flow of immigration to a given level.
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The idea is frequently associated with American [[economist]] [[Gary Becker]], who stated, "When I mention this to people, they sometimes go hysterical." <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chicagobooth.edu/news/2007-04-02_Becker-bb.aspx|title = Gary Beck on immigration tariffs}}</ref>


There are pros and cons of having a migrant levy. It generates revenue for the government of the host country. However, it serves as a financial burden to immigrants, which in turn serves as a barrier on immigration. From a [[neoliberal economics]] perspective, it also serves as an economic inefficiency (as do any other government interventions into immigration).<ref>{{Cite thesis |title=The contexts of adult literacy policy in New Zealand/Aotearoa |url=https://open.library.ubc.ca/soa/cIRcle/collections/ubctheses/24/items/1.0064653 |publisher=University of British Columbia |date=2011 |first=Judith Marianne |last=Walker}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dera.ioe.ac.uk/23194/1/On_speaking_termsweb.pdf|title=Making ESOL policy work better for migrants and wider society}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Making ESOL policy work better for migrants and wider society |url=https://kipdf.com/making-esol-policy-work-better-for-migrants-and-wider-society_5ac654411723dd868d57c5c6.html |website=kipdf.com |language=en}}</ref>
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[[Alex Nowrasteh]], an immigration policy analyst, wrote a policy analysis arguing for immigration tariffs for the [[Competitive Enterprise Institute]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cei.org/onpoint/conservative-case-immigration-tariffs|title = The Conservative Case for Immigration Tariffs|last = Nowrasteh|first = Alex|publisher = ''[[Competitive Enterprise Institute]]''|date = 2012-02-07|accessdate = 2013-02-01}}</ref>


The [[International Labour Organization]] describes migrant levies in the following way:
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In March 2015 the Australian government launched an inquiry into the use of an immigration tariff as an alternative to existing immigration arrangements.
<blockquote>"Some governments of labour-receiving countries earn sizeable revenues through levies on firms employing foreign workers, the burden of which may partly or fully be passed on to the workers themselves. Malaysia and Singapore are examples of countries using selective levies."<ref>{{Cite web|last=Wickramasekera|first=Piyasiri|date=2002-08-01|title=Asian labour migration: issues and challenges in an era of globalization|url=http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---asia/---ro-bangkok/documents/publication/wcms_160632.pdf|website=International Labour Organization}}</ref></blockquote>
cite = http://www.pc.gov.au/inquiries/current/migrant-intake/terms-of-reference


⚫
[[Alex Nowrasteh]], an immigration policy analyst, wrote a policy analysis arguing for immigration tariffs for the [[Competitive Enterprise Institute]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cei.org/onpoint/conservative-case-immigration-tariffs|title = The Conservative Case for Immigration Tariffs|last = Nowrasteh|first = Alex|publisher = [[Competitive Enterprise Institute]]|date = 2012-02-07|accessdate = 2013-02-01}}</ref>

⚫
The idea of an immigration tariff frequently associated with American [[economist]] [[Gary Becker]], who stated, "When I mention this to people, they sometimes go hysterical."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chicagobooth.edu/news/2007-04-02_Becker-bb.aspx|title = Gary Beck on immigration tariffs}}</ref>

⚫
In March 2015 the Australian government launched an inquiry into the use of an immigration tariff as an alternative to existing immigration arrangements.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pc.gov.au/inquiries/completed/migrant-intake#report|title=Migrant Intake Into Australia|website=Australian Productivity Commission|date=13 November 2015 }}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
* [[Tariff]]
* [[Tariff]]
* [[United States Permanent Resident Card|Green card]]
* [[Green card]]
* [[Permanent residency]]
* [[Permanent residency]]
* [[Visa (document)|Immigrant visa]]
* [[Travel visa]]
* [[Immigration law]] (for a broader discussion of the topic of [[Immigration]])
* [[Immigration law]]
* [[Gary Becker]]
* [[Gary Becker]]
* [[Eric Weinstein]]
* [[Eric Weinstein]]
* [[Immigrant investor programs]]
* [[Economic citizenship]]


==References==
==References==

{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
* [http://www.eric-weinstein.net/Papers/Eric_Weinstein_Migration_for_the_Benefit_of_All_International_Labour_Review_Vol_141_2002_No_3.pdf Eric Weinstein on use of the price mechanism to create markets for immigration (2002).]
* [http://www.eric-weinstein.net/Papers/Eric_Weinstein_Migration_for_the_Benefit_of_All_International_Labour_Review_Vol_141_2002_No_3.pdf Eric Weinstein on use of the price mechanism to create markets for immigration (2002).]
* [http://www.chicagogbooth.edu/news/2007-04-02_Becker-bb.aspx Becker expounding upon the immigration tariff]
* [http://www.chicagogbooth.edu/news/2007-04-02_Becker-bb.aspx Becker expounding upon the immigration tariff]{{Dead link|date=January 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* [http://ldp.org.au/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1156:immigration&catid=101:policies&Itemid=290 Australian Liberal Democrats promote immigration tariff]
* [http://ldp.org.au/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1156:immigration&catid=101:policies&Itemid=290 Australian Liberal Democrats promote immigration tariff]
* [http://openborders.info/immigration-tariffs Page listing research articles and other material on immigration tariffs]
* [http://www.economist.com/node/16424085 Article in The Economist examines immigration tariffs]

[[Category:Immigration]]
[[Category:Immigration]]
[[Category:Customs duties]]
[[Category:Customs duties]]

Latest revision as of 02:12, 29 March 2024

An immigration tariff or migrant levy is a charge levied on immigrants wanting permanent residency within a nation.[1][2][3] As a means of applying price theory to a nation's immigration policy, it is generally advocated as an alternative to existing bureaucratic procedures as a means of moderating or better regulating the flow of immigration to a given level.

There are pros and cons of having a migrant levy. It generates revenue for the government of the host country. However, it serves as a financial burden to immigrants, which in turn serves as a barrier on immigration. From a neoliberal economics perspective, it also serves as an economic inefficiency (as do any other government interventions into immigration).[4][5][6]

The International Labour Organization describes migrant levies in the following way:

"Some governments of labour-receiving countries earn sizeable revenues through levies on firms employing foreign workers, the burden of which may partly or fully be passed on to the workers themselves. Malaysia and Singapore are examples of countries using selective levies."[7]

Alex Nowrasteh, an immigration policy analyst, wrote a policy analysis arguing for immigration tariffs for the Competitive Enterprise Institute.[8]

The idea of an immigration tariff frequently associated with American economist Gary Becker, who stated, "When I mention this to people, they sometimes go hysterical."[9]

In March 2015 the Australian government launched an inquiry into the use of an immigration tariff as an alternative to existing immigration arrangements.[10]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "R5.90 Migrant levy". www.immigration.govt.nz.
  2. ^ "Migrant domestic worker levy". Ministry of Manpower Singapore.
  3. ^ Education, New Zealand Ministry (19 September 2016). "Immigration Levy". Tertiary Education Commission.
  4. ^ Walker, Judith Marianne (2011). The contexts of adult literacy policy in New Zealand/Aotearoa (Thesis). University of British Columbia.
  5. ^ "Making ESOL policy work better for migrants and wider society" (PDF).
  6. ^ "Making ESOL policy work better for migrants and wider society". kipdf.com.
  7. ^ Wickramasekera, Piyasiri (2002-08-01). "Asian labour migration: issues and challenges in an era of globalization" (PDF). International Labour Organization.
  8. ^ Nowrasteh, Alex (2012-02-07). "The Conservative Case for Immigration Tariffs". Competitive Enterprise Institute. Retrieved 2013-02-01.
  9. ^ "Gary Beck on immigration tariffs".
  10. ^ "Migrant Intake Into Australia". Australian Productivity Commission. 13 November 2015.
[edit]
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