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{{short description|German biologist and chemist (1867-1932)}}
'''Karl Spiro''' ([[June 24]], [[1867]] - [[March 21]], [[1932]]) was a German [[biologist]], and [[physical chemist]].
'''Karl Spiro''' (24 June 1867 – 21 March 1932) was a German [[biologist]], and [[physical chemist]].


Spiro was born in [[Berlin]]. In 1889 he received his PhD from the [[University of Würzburg]] as a student of [[Hermann Emil Fischer|Emil Fischer]], then in 1893 obtained his medical doctorate from the [[University of Leipzig]]. He later served as an assistant to [[Oswald Schmiedeberg]] and [[Franz Hofmeister]] at the [[University of Strasbourg]], where in 1912 he became an honorary professor. From 1919 to 1921 he worked as a [[pharmacologist]] in the research laboratories of [[Sandoz AG]] ([[Basel]]). In 1921 he succeeded [[Gustav von Bunge]] as professor of physical chemistry at the [[University of Basel]], where he also served as director of the institute for [[physiological chemistry]].<ref>[http://drw.saw-leipzig.de/31163.html Spiro, Karl] Universitätsarchiv Leipzig</ref> He died in [[Wimmenau]], aged 64.
He made "''[[pyramidon]]''".

In 1897 he invented "[[Pyramidon]]", the trade name for [[aminopyrine]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=mHQURfdXFHkC&dq=%22Karl+Spiro%22+pyramidon&pg=PT127 Pale Blue Ink in a Lady's Hand: A Novella] by Franz Werfel, James Reidel</ref> With [[Arthur Stoll]], he is credited with the isolation of [[ergotamine]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=RzTrCAAAQBAJ&dq=%22Karl+Spiro%22+1867&pg=PA570 Modern Drug use: An Enquiry on Historical Principles] by R.D. Mann</ref> His name is associated with "Spiro's test"; a test for the determination of ammonia and [[urea]] in the urine through the use of [[barium oxide]] and petroleum.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=XewWAAAAYAAJ&dq=%22Karl+Spiro%22+1867&pg=PA823 The Practitioner's Medical Dictionary: Containing All the Words and Phrases ...] by George Milbry Gould, Richard John Ernst Scott</ref>


== Literary works ==
== Literary works ==
* ''Ueber physikalische und physiologische Selektion'', 1897
* ''Ueber physikalische und physiologische Selektion'', 1897.
* ''Medizinische Kolloidlehre; Physiologie, Pathologie und Therapie in kolloidchemischer Betrachtung'' (with [[Leopold Lichtwitz]] and [[Raphael Eduard Liesegang]]) 1935.
* ''Medizinische Kolloidlehre'', 1932
* ''Ergebnisse der Physiologie, biologischen Chemie und experimentellen Pharmakologie. Reviews of physiology, biochemistry, and experimental pharmacology'' (for many years edited by Leon Asher and Karl Spiro; Vols. 1-55 have German title only).<ref>[https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/000542825?type%5B%5D=author&lookfor%5B%5D=%22Spiro%2C%20Karl%2C%201867-1932.%22&ft= Ergebnisse der Physiologie, etc.] HathiTrust Digital Library</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
*{{cite journal |title=Obituary Notice: Karl Spiro. (1867–1932.) |date= April 17, 1933 |journal=Biochemical Journal |volume=27 |issue=1 |pages=1–2 |doi= 10.1042/bj0270001|pmid=16745054 |pmc=1252832 }}

{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Spiro, Karl}}
[[Category:1867 births]]
[[Category:1932 deaths]]
[[Category:Scientists from Berlin]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Strasbourg]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Basel]]
[[Category:University of Würzburg alumni]]
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[[Category:German pharmacologists]]
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[[Category:20th-century German biologists]]
[[Category:20th-century German chemists]]
[[Category:German physical chemists]]
[[Category:19th-century German chemists]]


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[[Category:German biologists|Spiro Karl]]
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[[Category:German chemists|Spiro Karl]]


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{{Germany-chemist-stub}}
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{{Germany-biologist-stub}}

Latest revision as of 18:22, 28 April 2023

Karl Spiro (24 June 1867 – 21 March 1932) was a German biologist, and physical chemist.

Spiro was born in Berlin. In 1889 he received his PhD from the University of Würzburg as a student of Emil Fischer, then in 1893 obtained his medical doctorate from the University of Leipzig. He later served as an assistant to Oswald Schmiedeberg and Franz Hofmeister at the University of Strasbourg, where in 1912 he became an honorary professor. From 1919 to 1921 he worked as a pharmacologist in the research laboratories of Sandoz AG (Basel). In 1921 he succeeded Gustav von Bunge as professor of physical chemistry at the University of Basel, where he also served as director of the institute for physiological chemistry.[1] He died in Wimmenau, aged 64.

In 1897 he invented "Pyramidon", the trade name for aminopyrine.[2] With Arthur Stoll, he is credited with the isolation of ergotamine.[3] His name is associated with "Spiro's test"; a test for the determination of ammonia and urea in the urine through the use of barium oxide and petroleum.[4]

Literary works

[edit]
  • Ueber physikalische und physiologische Selektion, 1897.
  • Medizinische Kolloidlehre; Physiologie, Pathologie und Therapie in kolloidchemischer Betrachtung (with Leopold Lichtwitz and Raphael Eduard Liesegang) 1935.
  • Ergebnisse der Physiologie, biologischen Chemie und experimentellen Pharmakologie. Reviews of physiology, biochemistry, and experimental pharmacology (for many years edited by Leon Asher and Karl Spiro; Vols. 1-55 have German title only).[5]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Spiro, Karl Universitätsarchiv Leipzig
  2. ^ Pale Blue Ink in a Lady's Hand: A Novella by Franz Werfel, James Reidel
  3. ^ Modern Drug use: An Enquiry on Historical Principles by R.D. Mann
  4. ^ The Practitioner's Medical Dictionary: Containing All the Words and Phrases ... by George Milbry Gould, Richard John Ernst Scott
  5. ^ Ergebnisse der Physiologie, etc. HathiTrust Digital Library
[edit]
  • "Obituary Notice: Karl Spiro. (1867–1932.)". Biochemical Journal. 27 (1): 1–2. April 17, 1933. doi:10.1042/bj0270001. PMC 1252832. PMID 16745054.


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