Cyprinella spiloptera: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Species of fish}} |
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{{italic title}} |
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{{speciesbox |
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{{Taxobox |
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| name = Spotfin shiner |
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| status = |
| status = LC |
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| status_system = IUCN3.1 |
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| status_ref =<ref name="iucn status 11 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=NatureServe |year=2013 |title=''Cyprinella spiloptera'' |page=e.T202086A15362429 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T202086A15362429.en |access-date=11 November 2021}}</ref> |
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| regnum = [[Animalia]] |
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| status2 = G5 |
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| status2_system = TNC |
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| classis = [[Actinopterygii]] |
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| status2_ref = <ref name=NatureServe>{{cite web|title=''Cyprinella spiloptera'' |url=https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.105334/Cyprinella_spiloptera|website=NatureServe Explorer|version=7.1|publisher=[[The Nature Conservancy]]|access-date=30 March 2024}}</ref> |
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| ordo = [[Cypriniformes]] |
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| familia = [[Cyprinidae]] |
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| display_parents = 3 |
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| synonyms = *''Photogenis spilopterus'' <small>(Cope, 1867)</small> |
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*''Notropis spilopterus '' <small>Cope, 1867</small> |
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*''Hybopsis fretensis'' <small>Cope, 1867</small> }} |
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}} |
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The '''spotfin shiner''' ('''''Cyprinella spiloptera''''') is a species of [[Actinopterygii|ray-finned]] [[fish]] in the family [[Cyprinidae]]. It is a small sized [[Freshwater ecosystem|freshwater]] fish found abundantly in many [[watercourse]]s of North America. |
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==Taxonomy== |
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The spotfin shiner (''Cyprinella spiloptera'') is a species of ray-finned fish in the Cyprinidae family. |
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[[Edward Drinker Cope]] described the spotfin shiner in 1867, it is known also as the ''silver-finned [[Cyprinidae|minnow]]'' or the ''satin-finned minnow''.<ref name=FishBase>{{FishBase|id=2903|genus=Cyprinella |species=spiloptera}}</ref> |
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==Description== |
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| ⚫ | The spotfin shiner has a black blotch of pigment on the membrane between its last three rays of the [[dorsal fin]]; this spot may be obscure or faint in small spotfin shiners. They are deep-bodied and have a black vertical bar posterior to their [[Operculum (fish)|operculum]]. Their mouths open in the terminal position, they have diamond-shaped scales, and each scale is outlined with black pigment. Breeding males become heavily pigmented and steel bluish in color during late [[Spring (season)|spring]] and early [[summer]], and they have [[Fish fin|ventral fins]] that also become dull yellow to bright yellow. The heads of breeding male spotfin shiners become covered with small [[Nuptial tubercles|tubercles]], and they feel rough, almost like sandpaper. Spotfin shiners also have 37–39 lateral line scales. Spotfin shiners have eight anal fin rays unlike its close relative, the satinfin.<ref name=USGS>{{Cite web|url=https://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/FactSheet.aspx?speciesID=520|title=Spotfin Shiner (''Cyprinella spiloptera'') - Species Profile|publisher = United States Geological Survey}}</ref> |
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The spotfin shiner ('''''Cyprinella spiloptera'''''), known also as the silver-finned minnow or the satin-finned minnow, is a member of the Class Osteichthyes (osteo = bone) and Subclass Actinopterygii (ray-finned). ''C. spiloptera'' inhabit parts of Canada and the eastern US. <ref>http://fishbase.org/Summary/speciesSummary.php?ID=2903&AT=spotfin+shiner</ref> |
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==Distribution and habitat== |
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==Range== |
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[[File:Chutes YamaskaGranby.JPG|thumb|The [[North Yamaska]] river has a population of spotfin shiner.]] |
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''Cyprinela spiloptera'' inhabit all but one of the Great Lakes (Superior), and are found from the |
''Cyprinela spiloptera'' inhabit all but one of the [[Great Lakes]] ([[Lake Superior|Superior]]), and are found from the [[Saint Lawrence River|Saint Lawrence]] [[Drainage basin|drainage]], [[Quebec]] to the [[Potomac River|Potomac river]] drainage, [[Virginia]]. They also inhabit areas from [[Ontario]] and [[New York (state)|New York]] to [[North Dakota]], as well as [[south]] to [[Alabama]] and [[east]]ern regions of [[Oklahoma]]. ''C. spiloptera'' are also located in isolated areas of the [[Ozarks|Ozark]] mountains.<ref name=USGS/> ''C. spiloptera'' are freshwater, benthopologic fishes that prefer [[temperate climate]]s. They inhabit [[sand]] and [[gravel]] runs and pools of [[Stream|creeks]], as well as small to medium rivers with clear, permanent flow.<ref name=NatureServe/> |
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==Feeding== |
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==Physical Description== |
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Adult ''C. spiloptera'' prey on surface [[insect]]s and immature aquatic organisms.<ref name=USGS/> |
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| ⚫ | The spotfin shiner has a black blotch of pigment on the membrane between its last three rays of the dorsal fin |
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==Conservation status== |
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Currently, ''C. spiloptera'' are listed by the [[IUCN Red List|IUCN]] as having the least concern for [[Conservation status|conservation]].<ref name="iucn status 11 November 2021"/> |
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''C. spiloptera'' are freshwater, benthopolagic fishes that prefer temperate climates. They inhabit sand and gravel runs and pools of creeks, as well as small to medium rivers with clear, permanent flow. They usually do not inhabit larger, more turbid rivers or creeks. They are frequently found near raceways or riffles over gravel with moderate to fast currents. <ref>NatureServe Explorer</ref> Adult ''C. spiloptera'' prey on surface insects and immature aquatic organisms. <ref>http://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/FactSheet.aspx?speciesID=520</ref> |
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==Life cycle and reproduction== |
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==Conservation Status== |
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| ⚫ | The [[Spawn (biology)|spawning]] season of ''C. spiloptera'' lasts from mid-June until mid-August. Adult [[female]]s deposit their [[egg]]s inside small crevices of rocks and submerged logs or roots. Their eggs, which typically hatch in about five days, are defended by the [[male]]. The maximum reported age of ''C. spiloptera'' is five years, but most usually only live to be around two years of age.<ref>{{cite book|title=Fishes of the Minnesota Region|author=Gary L. Phillips|author2=William D. Schmid|author3=James C. Underhill|year= 1982 |
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Currently, ''C. spiloptera'' are listed as having low to moderate vulnerability. <ref>http://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/FactSheet.aspx?speciesID=520</ref> |
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|edition= New |publisher=University of Minnesota Press |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5749/j.cttts7tk|ISBN=978-0816609826}}</ref> |
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==Life Cycle/Breeding== |
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| ⚫ | The spawning season of ''C. spiloptera'' lasts from mid-June until mid-August. Adult |
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==Etymology== |
==Etymology== |
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''Cyprinella'' is derived from the |
''Cyprinella'' is Latin for carp, with the [[diminutive]] ''-ella'' and ''spiloptera'' is derived from the Latin words ''spilos'', or spot and ''pteron,'' meaning wing or fin.<ref name=FishBase/> |
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== References == |
== References == |
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{{Reflist}} |
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q3766704}} |
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*[http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2903 ''Cyprinella spiloptera''], Fishbase |
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*[http://www.natureserve.org/explorer/servlet/NatureServe?searchName=Cyprinella%20spiloptera ''Cyprinella spiloptera''], NatureServe |
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[[Category:Cyprinella]] |
[[Category:Cyprinella]] |
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[[Category:Taxa named by Edward Drinker Cope]] |
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[[Category:Fish described in 1867]] |
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[[Category:Freshwater fish of North America]] |
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Latest revision as of 06:20, 14 November 2024
| Cyprinella spiloptera | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Cypriniformes |
| Family: | Cyprinidae |
| Subfamily: | Leuciscinae |
| Clade: | Pogonichthyinae |
| Genus: | Cyprinella |
| Species: | C. spiloptera
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| Binomial name | |
| Cyprinella spiloptera (Cope, 1867)
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| Synonyms | |
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The spotfin shiner (Cyprinella spiloptera) is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is a small sized freshwater fish found abundantly in many watercourses of North America.
Taxonomy
[edit]Edward Drinker Cope described the spotfin shiner in 1867, it is known also as the silver-finned minnow or the satin-finned minnow.[3]
Description
[edit]The spotfin shiner has a black blotch of pigment on the membrane between its last three rays of the dorsal fin; this spot may be obscure or faint in small spotfin shiners. They are deep-bodied and have a black vertical bar posterior to their operculum. Their mouths open in the terminal position, they have diamond-shaped scales, and each scale is outlined with black pigment. Breeding males become heavily pigmented and steel bluish in color during late spring and early summer, and they have ventral fins that also become dull yellow to bright yellow. The heads of breeding male spotfin shiners become covered with small tubercles, and they feel rough, almost like sandpaper. Spotfin shiners also have 37–39 lateral line scales. Spotfin shiners have eight anal fin rays unlike its close relative, the satinfin.[4]
Distribution and habitat
[edit]
Cyprinela spiloptera inhabit all but one of the Great Lakes (Superior), and are found from the Saint Lawrence drainage, Quebec to the Potomac river drainage, Virginia. They also inhabit areas from Ontario and New York to North Dakota, as well as south to Alabama and eastern regions of Oklahoma. C. spiloptera are also located in isolated areas of the Ozark mountains.[4] C. spiloptera are freshwater, benthopologic fishes that prefer temperate climates. They inhabit sand and gravel runs and pools of creeks, as well as small to medium rivers with clear, permanent flow.[2]
Feeding
[edit]Adult C. spiloptera prey on surface insects and immature aquatic organisms.[4]
Conservation status
[edit]Currently, C. spiloptera are listed by the IUCN as having the least concern for conservation.[1]
Life cycle and reproduction
[edit]The spawning season of C. spiloptera lasts from mid-June until mid-August. Adult females deposit their eggs inside small crevices of rocks and submerged logs or roots. Their eggs, which typically hatch in about five days, are defended by the male. The maximum reported age of C. spiloptera is five years, but most usually only live to be around two years of age.[5]
Etymology
[edit]Cyprinella is Latin for carp, with the diminutive -ella and spiloptera is derived from the Latin words spilos, or spot and pteron, meaning wing or fin.[3]
References
[edit]- ^ a b NatureServe (2013). "Cyprinella spiloptera". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T202086A15362429. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T202086A15362429.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
- ^ a b "Cyprinella spiloptera". NatureServe Explorer. 7.1. The Nature Conservancy. Retrieved 30 March 2024.
- ^ a b Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Cyprinella spiloptera". FishBase.
- ^ a b c "Spotfin Shiner (Cyprinella spiloptera) - Species Profile". United States Geological Survey.
- ^ Gary L. Phillips; William D. Schmid; James C. Underhill (1982). Fishes of the Minnesota Region (New ed.). University of Minnesota Press. ISBN 978-0816609826.
- Spotfin Shiner, image