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{{Short description|Conservatoire in London}}
The '''Royal Academy of Music''' is a [[music school]] in [[London]], [[England]] and one of the leading music institutions in the world. It was founded by [[John Fane, 11th Earl of Westmorland|Lord Burghersh]] in [[1822]] and in [[1830]] was granted a [[Royal Charter]] by [[Monarch|King]] [[George IV of the United Kingdom|George IV]] 'to promote the cultivation of the science of music and to afford facilities for attaining perfection in it by assisting with general instruction all persons desirous of acquiring knowledge thereof'. Many important musicians have studied at the Academy since then.
{{Distinguish|text=the [[Royal College of Music]] or [[Handel's Royal Academy of Music]]}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox university
| name = Royal Academy of Music
| image = Royal Academy of Music logo.svg
| type = Public
| established = {{Start date and age|1822}}
|endowment = [[Pound sterling|£]]58.3 million (2023)<ref name="RAM 22/23">{{cite web | url = https://s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/whitespace-ram/production/documents/Royal-Academy-of-Music-Financial-Statements-Year-Ended-31-July-2023.pdf | title = ANNUAL REVIEW AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR YEAR ENDING 31 JULY 2023 | access-date = 18 January 2023 | publisher = Royal Academy of Music}}</ref>
|budget = [[Pound sterling|£]]32.5 million (2022/23)<ref name="RAM 22/23"/>
| parent = [[University of London]]
| affiliation = {{Hlist
|[[ABRSM]]
|[[King's College London]]
}}
| president = [[Birgitte, Duchess of Gloucester|The Duchess of Gloucester]]
| principal = [[Jonathan Freeman-Attwood]]
| students = {{HESA student population|INSTID=10007835}} ({{HESA year}})<ref name="HESA citation">{{HESA citation}}</ref>
| undergrad = {{HESA undergraduate population|INSTID=10007835}} ({{HESA year}})<ref name="HESA citation"/>
| postgrad = {{HESA postgraduate population|INSTID=10007835}} ({{HESA year}})<ref name="HESA citation"/>
| city = [[Marylebone Road]], [[London]], England
| coordinates = {{Coord|51|31|25|N|0|09|07|W|region:GB_type:edu|display=title}}
| website = {{Official URL}}
}}


The '''Royal Academy of Music''' ('''RAM''')<ref>{{cite journal|last=Stanford|first=Charles Villiers|date=1916|title=William Sterndale Bennett: 1816–1875|url=https://zenodo.org/record/1431917|journal=The Musical Quarterly|volume=2|pages=628–657|doi=10.1093/mq/ii.4.628|jstor=737945|number=4}}</ref><ref name="grovemusic.com">{{cite encyclopedia|encyclopedia=Grove Music Online|date=2001|doi=10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.16904<!--doi-access=subscription-->|last2=Olleson|first2=Philip|last3=Bowers|first3=Roger|last4=Johnstone|first4=H. Diack|last5=Rastall|first5=Richard|last6=Holman|first6=Peter|last7=Axton|first7=Marie|last8=Luckett|first8=Richard|last9=Wathey|first9=Andrew|first18=David C.H.|entry=London (i), VIII, 3(i): Educational institutions: Royal Academy of Music (RAM)|first24=William J.|last24=Conner|first23=Peter Ward|last23=Jones|first22=Kathleen|last22=Dale|first21=Anthony|last21=Kemp|first20=Bernarr|last20=Rainbow|first19=Elizabeth|last19=Roche|last1=Temperley|last18=Wright|last13=Jacobs|last10=Hume|first10=Robert D.|last11=McVeigh|first11=Simon|last12=Croft-Murray|first12=Edward|first13=Arthur|first17=Michael|first1=Nicholas|first14=Gabriella|last15=Snelson|first15=John|last16=Ehrlich|first16=Cyril|last17=Musgrave|last14=Dideriksen}}</ref> in [[London]], [[England]], is one of the oldest [[music school]]s in the UK, founded in 1822<ref name="Hero, Royal Academy of Music">{{cite web|title=Hero, Royal Academy of Music|url=http://www.london.ac.uk/2392.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110429072049/http://www.london.ac.uk/2392.html|archive-date=29 April 2011|access-date=19 January 2011}}</ref> by [[John Fane, 11th Earl of Westmorland|John Fane]] and [[Nicolas-Charles Bochsa]]. It received its [[royal charter]] in 1830 from [[George IV|King George IV]] with the support of the first [[Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington|Duke of Wellington]].<ref name="grovemusic.com" />
==The Academy==
The Academy is situated on [[Marylebone Road]] in [[central London]], adjacent to [[Regent's Park]]. Facilities, which include the 450-seat Duke's Hall, the [[Jack Lyons|Sir Jack Lyons]] Theatre and two smaller concert spaces, were expanded in [[2001]] with the opening of the new 150-seat David Josefowicz recital hall and the [[York Gate Collections]], a public museum of musical instruments and artefacts from the Academy's collections. The Junior Academy, for under-18s, takes place every Saturday.


The academy provides [[undergraduate education|undergraduate]] and [[postgraduate education|postgraduate]] training across instrumental performance, composition, [[jazz]], musical theatre and [[opera]], and recruits musicians from around the world, with a student community representing more than 50 nationalities. It is committed to lifelong learning, from Junior Academy, which trains musicians up to the age of 18, through Open Academy community music projects, to performances and educational events for all ages.<ref>{{Cite web|title=What's On – Royal Academy of Music|url=http://www.ram.ac.uk/whats-on|access-date=2017-06-06|website=www.ram.ac.uk}}</ref>
The library has over 160,000 items, with a large stock of books and sheet music including significant collections of early printed and manuscript materials and audio facilities. It also houses archives dedicated to Sir [[Arthur Sullivan]] and a Sir [[Henry Wood]]. Among the Library's most valuable possessions are the manuscripts of [[Henry Purcell|Purcell's]] ''[[The Fairy Queen]]'' (lost for many years), Sullivan's ''[[The Mikado]]'', [[Ralph Vaughan Williams|Vaughan Williams]]' ''[[Fantasia on a Theme of Thomas Tallis]]'' and ''[[Serenade to Music]]'' and the newly-discovered ''[[Handel Gloria]]''. A grant from the [[National Heritage Memorial Fund]] has assisted in the purchase of the Robert Spencer Collection — a set of Early English Song and Lute music, as well as a fine collection of [[lute]]s and [[guitar]]s. The York Gate Collections now display many of these items. The Orchestral Library has about 4,500 sets of orchestral parts. Other collections include the libraries of Sir Henry Wood and [[Otto Klemperer]].


The academy's museum<ref>{{Cite web |title=Instrument collections – Royal Academy of Music |url=https://www.ram.ac.uk/museum |access-date=2024-12-08 |website=www.ram.ac.uk}}</ref> houses one of the world's most significant collections of musical instruments and artefacts, including stringed instruments by [[Antonio Stradivari|Stradivari]], [[Giuseppe Guarneri|Guarneri]], and members of the Amati family; manuscripts by [[Henry Purcell|Purcell]], [[George Frideric Handel|Handel]] and [[Ralph Vaughan Williams|Vaughan Williams]]; and a collection of performing materials that belonged to leading performers. It is a [[constituent college]] of the [[University of London]] and a [[charitable organization|registered charity]] under English law.<ref>{{EW charity|310007}}</ref>
The Academy has students from over 50 countries, follow diverse programmes including instrumental performance, conducting, composition, jazz, musical theatre and Opera. The Academy enjoys an established relationship with [[King's College London]], particularly the Department of Music, whose students receive instrumental tuition at the Academy. In return, many students at the Academy take advantage of the range of [[Humanities]] choices at King's, and its extended academic [[musicology|musicological]] curriculum.


Famous academy alumni include [[Henry Wood]], [[Simon Rattle]], [[Brian Ferneyhough]], [[Elton John]] and [[Annie Lennox]].
The current Principal is the American scholar [[Curtis Price]].


==History==
===Student Performances and Festivals===
[[File:Royal Academy of Music- the work of the Royal Academy in Wartime, London, England, UK, 1944 D22287.jpg|thumbnail|Students take a lesson in [[fencing]] in 1944]]
Academy students perform regularly in the Academy's concert venues, and also nationally and internationally under such conductors as Sir [[Colin Davis]], [[Yan Pascal Tortelier]], [[Christoph von Dohnányi]], Sir [[Charles Mackerras]], [[James MacMillan (musician)|James MacMillan]] and [[Trevor Pinnock]]. In September 2005, Sir [[Colin Davis]] conducted an orchestra which combined students from the Academy and New York's [[Juilliard School]] at the [[BBC Proms]].
The academy was founded by [[John Fane, 11th Earl of Westmorland]], in 1822 with the help and ideas of the French harpist and composer [[Nicolas Bochsa]].<ref name="Hero, Royal Academy of Music"/> The academy was granted a [[royal charter]] by [[George IV of the United Kingdom|King George IV]] in 1830.<ref name="grovemusic.com"/> The founding of the academy was greatly supported by [[Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington]]. He was a keen violinist himself and was determined to make the academy a success.<ref name="Royal Charter">{{cite web|title=Royal Charter|url=https://www.ram.ac.uk/public/uploads/documents/5e0435_duke-s-hall-portraits.pdf|access-date=9 June 2018|publisher=Royal Academy of Music}}</ref>


The academy faced closure in 1866; this was part of the reason for the founding of the [[Royal College of Music]] in [[South Kensington]]. The academy's history took a turn for the better when its recently appointed Principal (and former pupil) [[William Sterndale Bennett]] took on the chairmanship of the academy's board of directors and established its finances and reputation on a new footing.<ref>Stanford (1916), p. 656.</ref>
The Academy collaborates with other conservatoires world-wide, including participating in the SOCRATES student and staff exchange programme. In 1991 the Academy introduced a fully-accredited degree in Performance Studies, and in September 1999, it became a full constituent college of the University of London, in both cases becoming the first UK conservatoire to do so.


The academy's first building was in [[Hanover Square, London|Tenterden Street, Hanover Square]].<ref name="Key Dates">{{cite web|title=Key Dates|url=https://www.ram.ac.uk/about-us/our-history |access-date=19 January 2011|publisher=Royal Academy of Music}}</ref> [[Arnold Bax]] recalled it as an architectural rabbit warren. "The three eighteenth-century houses which the institution comprised were departitioned, one conjectured, with fearsome violence. Wherefore else the need for those torturous tunnellings, that labyrinthine intricacy of passages, the cul-de-sacs, and follies? It took the average new student about a month to get his or her bearings."<ref>Bax, Arnold. ''Farewell, My Youth'' (1943), p 18</ref> In 1911 the institution moved to the current premises, designed by [[Ernest George|Sir Ernest George]]<ref>Gray, A. Stuart, Edwardian Architecture: A Biographical Dictionary, Wordsworth Editions, London, 1985, pp. 186–187</ref> (which include the 450-seat Duke's Hall),<ref name=" Key Dates "/> built at a cost of £51,000 on the site of an orphanage.<ref name="The Arts. No. 2. The Royal Academy Of Music">{{cite web|author=Pearl Adam|title=The Arts. No. 2. The Royal Academy Of Music|url=http://chestofbooks.com/food/household/Woman-Encyclopaedia-1/The-Arts-No-2-The-Royal-Academy-Of-Music.html|access-date=30 January 2010}}</ref> In 1976 the academy acquired the houses situated on the north side and built between them a new opera theatre donated by the philanthropist [[Jack Lyons (financier)|Sir Jack Lyons]] and named after him and two new recital spaces, a recording studio, an electronic music studio, several practice rooms and office space.<ref>{{cite web|title=Sir Jack Lyons Theatre|url=https://actors.mandy.com/uk/vview.php?uid=25813|access-date=21 October 2009|publisher=Mandy Actors}}{{dead link|date=May 2017|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref>
The Academy regularly celebrates the work of a living composer with a [[festival]] in the presence of the composer. Previous composer festivals at the Academy have been devoted to the work of [[Witold Lutosławski]], [[Michael Tippett]], [[Krzysztof Penderecki]], [[Olivier Messiaen]], [[Hans Werner Henze]], [[Luciano Berio]], American composers including [[Elliott Carter]], Academy graduates, [[Alfred Schnittke]], [[György Ligeti]], British and American film composers, [[Franco Donatoni]], Russian composers including [[Galina Ustvolskaya]], [[Arvo Pärt]], [[György Kurtág]] and [[Mauricio Kagel]].


The academy again expanded its facilities in the late 1990s, with the addition of 1–5 York Gate, designed by [[John Nash (architect)|John Nash]] in 1822,<ref name="Royal Academy of Music Museum, Culture 24">{{cite web|title=Royal Academy of Music Museum, Culture 24|url=http://www.culture24.org.uk/am28105|access-date=2010-01-30}}</ref> to house the new [[Royal Academy of Music Museum|museum]], a musical theatre studio and several teaching and practice rooms. To link the main building and 1–5 York Gate a new underground passage and the underground barrel-vaulted 150-seat David Josefowitz recital hall were built on the courtyard between the mentioned structures.<ref name="Royal Academy of Music, new recital room, Marylebone Road, London">{{cite news|date=Oct 2002|title=Royal Academy of Music, new recital room, Marylebone Road, London|work=Concrete|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa5379/is_200210/ai_n21320366/|access-date=30 January 2010}}</ref>
In February-March 2006, an Academy festival celebrated the violin virtuoso [[Niccolò Paganini]], who first visited [[London]] 175 years earlier in [[1831]]. The festival included a [[recital]] by Academy professor [[Maxim Vengerov]], who performed on Paganini's own [[Cannone Guarnerius]] violin.


==Campus and location==
===Courses===
The Royal Academy of Music offers training from pre-college level (Junior Academy) to PhD.
[[File:Royal Academy of Music, London W1.jpg|thumb|The facade of the Royal Academy of Music]]
The academy's current facilities are situated on [[Marylebone Road]] in [[central London]]<ref>"Royal Academy of Music", ''Oxford Concise Dictionary of Music'', ed., [[Michael Kennedy (music critic)|Michael Kennedy]], (Oxford, 2004) {{ISBN|978-0-19-860884-4}}</ref> adjacent to [[Regent's Park]].

==Teaching==
The Royal Academy of Music offers training from infant level (Junior Academy), with the senior Academy awarding the [[LRAM]] diploma, [[Bachelor of Music|BMus]] and higher degrees to [[Doctor of Philosophy|PhD]]/ DMus.<ref>{{cite web|title=Royal Academy of Music Marshall Scholarships|url=http://www.marshallscholarship.org/studyuk/ram|access-date=8 July 2009|publisher=Marshall Scholarships}}{{dead link|date=December 2024}}</ref> The former degree [[GRSM]], equivalent to a university honours degree and taken by some students, was phased out in the 1990s. All undergraduates now take the [[University of London]] degree of BMus.

[[File:Royal Academy of Music- the work of the Royal Academy in Wartime, London, England, UK, 1944 D22286.jpg|thumbnail|upright|A violin lesson in 1944]]
Most academy students are classical performers: strings, piano, vocal studies including opera, brass, woodwind, conducting and choral conducting, composition, percussion, harp, organ, accordion, guitar. There are also departments for historical performance, musical theatre performance and jazz.

The academy collaborates with other conservatoires worldwide, including participating in the [[SOCRATES programme|SOCRATES]] student and staff exchange programme. In 1991, the academy introduced a fully accredited degree in performance studies, and in September 1999, it became a full constituent college of the University of London, in both cases becoming the first UK conservatoire to do so.

The academy has students from over 50 countries, following diverse programmes including instrumental performance, conducting, composition, jazz, musical theatre, historical performance, and opera. The academy has an established relationship with [[King's College London]], particularly the Department of Music, whose students receive instrumental tuition at the academy. In return, many students at the academy take a range of [[humanities]] choices at King's, and its extended academic [[musicology|musicological]] curriculum.

The Junior Academy, for pupils under the age of 18, meets every Saturday.

==Library and archives==
The academy's library contains over 160,000 items, including significant collections of early printed and manuscript materials and audio facilities. The library also houses archives dedicated to [[Arthur Sullivan|Sir Arthur Sullivan]] and [[Henry Wood|Sir Henry Wood]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Royal Academy of Music Library|url=http://copac.ac.uk/libraries/ram.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111021121929/http://copac.ac.uk/libraries/ram.html|archive-date=21 October 2011|access-date=16 September 2009|publisher=Copac Academic & National Library Catalogue}}</ref> Among the Library's most valuable possessions are the autograph manuscripts of [[Henry Purcell|Purcell's]] ''[[The Fairy-Queen]]'', Sullivan's ''[[The Mikado]]'' and ''[[The Martyr of Antioch]]'',<ref>[https://collections.ram.ac.uk/IMU/#/home/63 RCM collection] </ref> [[Ralph Vaughan Williams|Vaughan Williams]]' ''[[Fantasia on a Theme by Thomas Tallis]]'' and ''[[Serenade to Music]]'', and the newly discovered [[George Frideric Handel|Handel]] ''[[Gloria (Handel)|Gloria]]''.<ref>{{cite news|date=12 March 2001|title=Lost Handel set for modern debut|publisher=BBC|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1216345.stm|access-date=2010-01-30}}</ref> A grant from the [[National Heritage Memorial Fund]] has assisted in the purchase of the Robert Spencer Collection—a set of Early English Song and Lute music, as well as a fine collection of [[lute]]s and [[guitar]]s. The academy's museum displays many of these items. The Orchestral Library has approximately 4,500 sets of orchestral parts. Other collections include the libraries of Sir Henry Wood and [[Otto Klemperer]].<ref name="Otto Klemperer Archive finding aid">{{cite web|title=Otto Klemperer Archive finding aid|url=http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.music/eadmus.mu2005.wp.0017|access-date=2008-09-19}}</ref>

Soon after violinist [[Yehudi Menuhin]]'s death, the Royal Academy of Music acquired his personal archive, which includes sheet music marked up for performance, correspondence, news articles and photographs relating to Menuhin, autograph musical manuscripts, and several portraits of [[Paganini]].<ref>[http://www.tourdates.co.uk/news/3660-yehudi-menuhin-archive-saved-for-the-nation Yehudi Menuhin Archive Saved For The Nation] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121127103401/http://www.tourdates.co.uk/news/3660-yehudi-menuhin-archive-saved-for-the-nation|date=2012-11-27}} 26 February 2004, TourDates.Co.UK, retrieved 28 September 2013.</ref>

[[Harriet Cohen]] bequeathed a large collection of paintings, some photographs and her gold bracelet to the academy, with a request that the room in which the paintings were to be housed was named the "Arnold Bax Room". Noted for her performances of Bach and modern English music, she was a friend and advocate of Arnold Bax and also premièred Vaughan Williams' Piano Concerto—a work dedicated to her—in 1933. In 1886, Franz Liszt performed at the academy to celebrate the creation of the ''Franz Liszt Scholarship''<ref name="APOLLO, Academy timeline">{{cite news|author=Royal Academy of Music|title=APOLLO: Liszt & Chopin exhibition|url=http://www.ram.ac.uk/exhibitions?exid=1&go.x=6&go.y=8|access-date=19 January 2011}}</ref> and in 1843 Mendelssohn was made an honorary member of the academy.

==Student performances and festivals==
Academy students perform regularly in the academy's concert venues, and also nationally and internationally under conductors such as the late [[Colin Davis|Sir Colin Davis]], [[Yan Pascal Tortelier]], [[Christoph von Dohnányi]], the late [[Charles Mackerras|Sir Charles Mackerras]] and [[Trevor Pinnock]]. In summer 2012, John Adams conducted an orchestra which combined students from the academy and New York's [[Juilliard School]] at the [[The Proms|Proms]] and at New York's Lincoln Center. Conductors who have recently worked with the orchestras include [[Semyon Bychkov (conductor)|Semyon Bychkov]], [[Daniel Barenboim]], [[Simon Rattle|Sir Simon Rattle]], [[Pierre-Laurent Aimard]] and [[Christian Thielemann]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Royal Academy of Music|title=Orchestral opportunities|url=http://www.ram.ac.uk/orchestral-opportunities}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Royal Academy of Music|title=Christian Thielemann citation|url=http://www.ram.ac.uk/christian-thielemann-citation|access-date=29 December 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Royal Academy of Music|date=4 March 2011|title=Simon Rattle speech|url=http://www.ram.ac.uk/simon-rattle-speech}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Nicholas Wroe ([[The Guardian]])|date=16 November 2012|title=Semyon Bychkov: beating time|location=London|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2012/nov/16/semyon-bychkov-beating-time}}</ref> Famous people who have conducted the academy's orchestra also include [[Carl Maria von Weber]] in 1826 and [[Richard Strauss]] in 1926.<ref>{{cite web|author=Susan Elkin (The Stage)|title=Maestro conducts Mahler with students|url=http://blogs.thestage.co.uk/education/2012/05/maestro-conducts-mahler-with-students/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130421113328/http://blogs.thestage.co.uk/education/2012/05/maestro-conducts-mahler-with-students/|archive-date=2013-04-21}}</ref>

For many years, the academy celebrated the work of a living composer with a festival in the presence of the composer. Previous composer festivals at the academy have been devoted to the work of [[Witold Lutosławski]], [[Michael Tippett]], [[Krzysztof Penderecki]], [[Olivier Messiaen]], [[Hans Werner Henze]], [[Luciano Berio]], [[Elliott Carter]], [[Stavros Papanikolaou]], as well as academy graduates, [[Alfred Schnittke]], [[György Ligeti]], [[Franco Donatoni]], [[Galina Ustvolskaya]], [[Arvo Pärt]], [[György Kurtág]] and [[Mauricio Kagel]].

In February–March 2006, an academy festival celebrated the violin virtuoso [[Niccolò Paganini]], who first visited [[London]] 175 years earlier in 1831. The festival included a [[recital]] by academy professor [[Maxim Vengerov]], who performed on ''[[Il Cannone Guarnerius]]'', Paganini's favourite violin.<ref>{{cite web|title=Vengerov plays "Paganini In London" festival|url=http://www.tourdates.co.uk/news/7112-vengerov-plays-paganini-in-london-festival|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110929003551/http://www.tourdates.co.uk/news/7112-vengerov-plays-paganini-in-london-festival|archive-date=29 September 2011|access-date=3 September 2009|publisher=tourdates.co.uk}}</ref> Academy instrumentalists and musical theatre students have also performed in a series of concerts with the academy alumnus [[Elton John|Sir Elton John]].<ref>{{cite web|title=ELTON JOHN & RAY COOPER|url=http://www.royalalberthall.com/tickets/elton-john/default.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091004141756/http://www.royalalberthall.com/tickets/elton-john/default.aspx|archive-date=4 October 2009|access-date=22 September 2009|publisher=Royal Festival Hall}}</ref>

The students and ensembles of the Royal Academy of Music perform in other venues around London including [[Kings Place]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Kings Place|url=http://www.kingsplace.co.uk/|access-date=19 January 2011|publisher=Royal Academy of Music}}</ref> [[St Marylebone Parish Church]] and the [[South Bank Centre]].

==Museum and collections==
{{main|Royal Academy of Music Museum}}
The [[Royal Academy of Music Museum|academy's public museum]] is situated in the York Gate building, which is connected to the academy's building via a basement link. The museum houses the academy's collections, including a major collection of Cremonese stringed instruments dated between 1650 and 1740, a selection of historical English pianos from 1790 to 1850, from the famous [[Mobbs]] Collection, original manuscripts by Purcell, Mendelssohn, Liszt, Brahms, Sullivan and Vaughan Williams, musical memorabilia and other exhibits.<ref>{{cite web|author=David Prudames|title=STRADIVARIUS VIOLIN SAVED FOR NATION BY ROYAL ACADEMY OF MUSIC|url=http://www.culture24.org.uk/history+%26+heritage/literature+%26+music/art30399|access-date=13 September 2009|publisher=24hourmuseum.org.uk}}</ref>


==People==
==People==
{{Main|List of Royal Academy of Music people}}
===Notable alumni===
* [[John Barbirolli]] ([[conducting|conductor]])
* [[Arnold Bax]] (composer)
* [[Richard Rodney Bennett]] (composer)
* [[Harrison Birtwistle]] (composer)
* [[Virginia Black]] (harpsichord)
* [[Christopher Bowers-Broadbent]] (organ)
* [[Dennis Brain]] (French hornist)
* [[Galliard Wind Ensemble]]
* [[William Crotch]] (first Principal of the Royal Academy of Music)
* [[Ralph John Cupper]] ([[Organist and composer]])
* [[Clifford Curzon]] (pianist)
* [[John Dankworth]] (jazz composer)
* [[Christopher Elton]]
* [[Rumon Gamba]] (Conductor)
* [[Lesley Garrett]] (soprano)
* [[Evelyn Glennie]] ([[percussionist]])
* [[Otto Goldschmidt]] (Piano)
* [[H from Steps]]
* [[Henrik Jul Hansen]] ([[conducting|conductor]])
* [[Alan Harverson]] (organ)
* [[Myra Hess]] (pianist)
* [[Richard Hickox]]
* [[Joe Jackson (musician)|Joe Jackson]]
* [[Elton John]] (rock musician) Junior Academy
* [[Izzy Johnston]] ([[star of Wild and FHM]])
* [[Freddy Kempf]] (pianist)
* [[Philip Langridge]]
* [[Annie Lennox]]
* [[Felicity Lott]] (soprano)
* [[David Worswick]] (violinist)
* [[David Martin]]
* [[Joanna MacGregor]] (pianist)
* [[Philip Mortimer]] (violinist)
* [[Michael Nyman]] (composer)
* [[Denise Orme]]
* [[Paul Patterson]](composer)
* [[Simon Rattle|Sir Simon Rattle]] ([[conducting|conductor]])
* [[Augusta Read Thomas]] (composer)
* [[David Sanger (organist)|David Sanger]] (organist)
* [[Arthur Sullivan]]
* [[Eva Turner]]
* [[Maxim Vengerov]] (Violinist) Junior Academy
* [[Christopher Warren-Green]] ([[conducting|conductor]])
* [[Henry Wood (conductor)|Henry Wood]]


===Alumni===
===Notable past and present teachers===
<!-- PLEASE KEEP ALPHABETIZED! Please don't add irrelevant alumni --- please add only those former students who are world-famous for their contributions in music. All other alumni go to the list of former students -->
* [[Kenneth Amis]] (International Brass Chair)
[[List of Royal Academy of Music people#Alumni|Former students]] include [[Olga Athaide Craen]], [[John Barbirolli]], [[Judith Bingham]], [[Dennis Brain]], [[Alan Bush]], [[Doreen Carwithen]], [[Rebecca Clarke (composer)|Rebecca Clarke]], [[Jacob Collier]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Jacob Collier – The Vocalist/Multi-instrumentalist YouTube Sensation|url=https://www.jazzwise.com/profile/article/jacob-collier-the-vocalist-multi-instrumentalist-youtube-sensation|access-date=August 18, 2020|website=jazzwise.com}}</ref> [[Clifford Curzon]], [[Louis Dowdeswell]], [[Edward Gardner (conductor)|Edward Gardner]], [[Lesley Garrett]], [[David Patrick Gedge]] [[Evelyn Glennie]], [[Eleanor Greenwood]], [[Amy Horrocks]], [[Dorothy Howell (composer)|Dorothy Howell]], [[Katherine Jenkins]], [[Elton John]], [[Annie Lennox]], [[Kate Loder]], [[Felicity Lott]], [[Moura Lympany]], [[Margot MacGibbon]], [[Vanessa-Mae]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Twenty-First Century Sound: Vanessa-Mae, Classical and Pop Violinist|url=https://www.connollymusic.com/stringovation/twenty-first-century-sound-vanessa-mae-classical-and-pop-violinist|access-date=August 18, 2020|website=connollymusic.com}}</ref> [[Denis Matthews]], [[Michael Nyman]], [[Elsie Southgate]], [[Eva Ruth Spalding]], [[Florence Margaret Spencer Palmer]], [[Ashan Pillai]], [[Simon Rattle]], [[Cecile Stevens]], [[Arthur Sullivan]], [[Eva Turner]], [[Maxim Vengerov]], [[Kate Lucy Ward]], [[E. Florence Whitlock]], [[Margaret Jones Wiles]], [[Carol Anne Williams]] and [[Henry Wood]].
* Professor [[Simon Bainbridge]] (Head of Composition)
* Sir [[John Barbirolli]]
* [[Joshua Bell]] (Violin — Visiting Professor)
* [[William Bennett]] (Flute)
* Sir [[Harrison Birtwistle]] (Composition)
* [[Barbara Bonney]] (Opera — Visiting Professor)
* [[Ian Bousfield]] (Trombone — Visiting Professor)
* [[Keith Bragg]] (Piccolo, Head of Woodwind)
* [[Zakhar Bron]] (Professor of Violin)
* [[Daniel Bruggen]] (Recorder)
* [[Colin Carr]] (Cello)
* [[Simon Carrington]] (Timpani)
* [[Laurence Cummings]] (Head of Historical Performance)
* Sir [[Colin Davis]] (International Chair of Orchestral Studies)
* Professor [[Christopher Elton]] (Head of Keyboard)
* [[Ian Fountain]] (Piano)
* Professor [[Jonathan Freeman-Attwood]] (Vice-Principal and Director of Studies)
* [[Nicolai Gedda]] (Opera — Visiting Professor)
* Dr [[Amanda Glauert]] (Head of Research)
* [[Clio Gould]] (Violin and ensembles)
* [[Mary Hammond]] (Head of Musical Theatre)
* [[Maurice Hasson]] (Violin)
* [[Christopher Hogwood]] (Consultant Visiting Professor)
* [[Peter Holtslag]] (Recorder)
* [[Stephen Hough]] (Visiting Professor of Piano)
* [[Skaila Kanga]] (Head of Harp)
* [[Lutz Kohler]] (Principal guest conductor)
* [[Jerzy Kosmala]] (Visiting Professor of Viola)
* [[Anthony Legge]] (Director of Opera)
* [[Michael Lewin]] (Head of Guitar)
* [[Joanna MacGregor]] (Piano)
* [[Duncan McTier]] (Double bass)
* [[Andrew Marriner]] (Visiting Professor of Clarinet)
* Sir [[Peter Maxwell Davies]] (Composition)
* [[Colin Metters]] (Head of Conducting)
* [[Anne-Sophie Mutter]] (Head of International Violin Studies)
* [[Owen Murray]] (Head of Classical Accordion)
* [[Dennis O'Neill]] (Visiting Professor of Opera)
* [[Jonathan Papp]] (Vocal Coach)
* [[Paul Patterson]] (Manson Chair of Composition)
* [[György Pauk]] (Ede Zathureczsky Professor of Violin) [http://www.naxos.com/artist/pauk.htm Naxos Website]
* [[Neil Percy]] (Percussion)
* [[Gerard Presencer]] (Head of Jazz)
* [[David Pyatt]] (French Horn — Visiting Professor)
* Sir [[Richard Rodney Bennett]] (Composition — Visiting Professor)
* [[Martin Roscoe]] (Piano)
* [[Patrick Russill]] (Head of Choral Conducting)
* [[Tanya Sarkissova]] (Piano)
* [[Alexander Satz]] (Visiting Professor of Piano)
* [[Robert Saxton]] (Head of Composition)
* [[Paul Silverthorne]] (Viola)
* [[David Strange]] (Cello, Head of Strings)
* [[Jeremy Summerly]] (Head of Academic Studies)
* [[Robert Tear]] (Opera — Visiting Professor)
* [[David Titterington]] (Head of Organ)
* [[Patsy Toh]] (Piano)
* [[Mark van de Wiel]] (Clarinet)
* [[Maxim Vengerov]] (Violin)
* [[Richard Watkins]] (French Horn)
* [[James Watson]] (Trumpet, Head of Brass)
* [[Mark Wildman (singer)|Mark Wildman]] (Head of Vocal Studies)
* [[John Williams (guitarist)|John Williams]] (Guitar — Visiting Professor)
* Sir [[Henry Wood]] (Head of Conducting)
* [[Brian May]] (Guitar)


===Academics and staff===
In [[1999]], the Academy became a full member of the largest British university, the [[University of London]].
The current principal of the academy is [[Jonathan Freeman-Attwood]], appointed in July 2008.<ref>{{cite web|title=Royal Academy of Music: Principal|url=http://www.ram.ac.uk/find-people?pid=448|access-date=19 January 2011|publisher=Royal Academy of Music}}</ref> The Patron was [[Queen Elizabeth II]] and the president is the [[Birgitte, Duchess of Gloucester|Duchess of Gloucester]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Governing Body|url=http://www.ram.ac.uk/governing-body|access-date=19 January 2011|publisher=Royal Academy of Music}}</ref> [[Diana, Princess of Wales]], was the president of the academy from 1985 until 1997.<ref>{{cite news|date=September 18, 1997|title=SPECIAL REPORT: PRINCESS DIANA, 1961–1997|work=Time|url=http://www.time.com/time/daily/special/diana/timeline/augsept97/18.html|url-status=dead|access-date=30 January 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090430130122/http://www.time.com/time/daily/special/diana/timeline/augsept97/18.html|archive-date=April 30, 2009}}</ref>


==Prizes and honorary awards==
==York Gate Collections==
{{Main|List of Royal Academy of Music people#Honours}}
York Gate was designed in [[1822]] as part of the main entrance to Regent’s Park, and was an important feature in John Nash’s architectural designs for Regency London. The interior of York Gate was largely destroyed by bomb damage in the 1940s, but the Nash exterior has Grade 1 listed building status. The Royal Academy of Music moved to Marylebone Road in 1911, and held a lease on part of York Gate during the 1920s and 1930s. A major grant from the Heritage Lottery Fund has enabled the Academy to acquire and refurbish this magnificent building to house studios and practice rooms and the Academy's museum, The York Gate Collections.
The Royal Academy of Music publishes every year a list of persons who have been selected to be awarded one of the Royal Academy's honorary awards. These awards are for alumni who have distinguished themselves within the music profession (Fellow of the Royal Academy of Music, FRAM), distinguished musicians who are not alumni (Honorary Member of the Royal Academy of Music, Hon RAM), alumni who have made a significant contribution to the music profession (Associate of the Royal Academy of Music, ARAM) and to people who are not alumni but have offered important services to the institution (Honorary Associate of the Royal Academy of Music, Hon ARAM). Honorary Fellowship of the Royal Academy of Music (Hon FRAM) is awarded by the Governing Body of the academy. As a full member of the [[University of London]], the academy can nominate people to the [[University of London]] [[Honorary degree|honorary doctorate]] (Hon DMus).<ref>{{cite web|title=Royal Academy of Music: Honours Committee|url=http://www.ram.ac.uk/honours-committee|access-date=19 January 2011|publisher=Royal Academy of Music}}</ref>


The Royal Academy of Music manages the [[Royal Academy of Music Bach Prize]] (sponsored by the [[Ralph Kohn|Kohn Foundation]]), a music award to musicians or scholars who have made an important contribution to the music of [[Johann Sebastian Bach]].<ref name="Royal Academy of Music / Kohn Foundation Bach Prize is awarded to John Butt">{{cite web|title=Royal Academy of Music / Kohn Foundation Bach Prize is awarded to John Butt|url=http://www.ram.ac.uk/news?nid=118|access-date=19 January 2011|publisher=Royal Academy of Music}}</ref>
The Royal Academy of Music has a collection of more than 200 [[stringed instrument]]s from the [[violin]] family. These have been acquired for the benefit of students and recent leavers and they are maintained in playing order by the Academy's resident luthier and include several [[Stradivari]], Amatis and Guarneris including:


The [[Gilbert Betjemann Prize]] is a [[gold medal]] awarded by the Royal Academy of Music "for operatic singing".
* Stradivari, ‘Habeneck’ violin, c1734
* Stradivari, ‘Joachim’ violin, 1698
* Stradivari, ‘Maurin’ violin, 1718
* Stradivari, violin, c1666
* Stradivari, ‘Markevitch’ cello, 1709
* Stradivari, ‘Marquis de Corberon’ cello, 1726
* Stradivari, violin, c.1727
* Stradivari, ‘Kustendyke’ violin, 1699
* Stradivari, ‘Archinto’ viola, 1696
* Stradivari, `Viotti´ex-Bruce violin, 1709
* Antonio and Girolamo Amati, five-string cello, c.1600
* Antonio and Girolamo Amati, violin, 1629
* Nicolò Amati, violin, 1662
* Girolamo Amati II, violin, 1671
* Andrea Guarneri, violin, c1665
* Francesco Rugeri, cello, 1695
* Vincenzo Rugeri, violin, 1705


==References==
The galleries display materials from the Academy’s collections of instruments, archives, manuscripts and images. The York Gate galleries are also considered a 'living museum', acting as a showcase for the work of performers, composers, instrument makers and scholars from a wide range of musical and other relevant disciplines.
{{Reflist}}


== External links ==
Other Collections: Foyle Menuhin archive, Jenny Lind (1820-1887) Collection, David Munrow (1942-1976)Collection, the Priaulx Rainier (1903-1986) Collection and The McCann Collection.
{{Commons category}}
* {{Official website}}


{{University of London}}
==External links==
{{Music schools in the United Kingdom}}
*[http://www.ram.ac.uk/ Royal Academy of Music website]
*[http://www.yorkgate.ram.ac.uk/ Royal Academy of Music's Museum]
{{University_of_London}}


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Latest revision as of 18:00, 10 December 2024

Not to be confused with the Royal College of Music or Handel's Royal Academy of Music.

Royal Academy of Music
TypePublic
Established1822; 202 years ago (1822)
Parent institution
University of London
Affiliation
Endowment£58.3 million (2023)[1]
Budget£32.5 million (2022/23)[1]
PresidentThe Duchess of Gloucester
PrincipalJonathan Freeman-Attwood
Students785 (2022/23)[2]
Undergraduates385 (2022/23)[2]
Postgraduates395 (2022/23)[2]
Location
Marylebone Road, London, England

51°31′25″N 0°09′07″W / 51.52361°N 0.15194°W / 51.52361; -0.15194
Websiteram.ac.uk Edit this at Wikidata

The Royal Academy of Music (RAM)[3][4] in London, England, is one of the oldest music schools in the UK, founded in 1822[5] by John Fane and Nicolas-Charles Bochsa. It received its royal charter in 1830 from King George IV with the support of the first Duke of Wellington.[4]

The academy provides undergraduate and postgraduate training across instrumental performance, composition, jazz, musical theatre and opera, and recruits musicians from around the world, with a student community representing more than 50 nationalities. It is committed to lifelong learning, from Junior Academy, which trains musicians up to the age of 18, through Open Academy community music projects, to performances and educational events for all ages.[6]

The academy's museum[7] houses one of the world's most significant collections of musical instruments and artefacts, including stringed instruments by Stradivari, Guarneri, and members of the Amati family; manuscripts by Purcell, Handel and Vaughan Williams; and a collection of performing materials that belonged to leading performers. It is a constituent college of the University of London and a registered charity under English law.[8]

Famous academy alumni include Henry Wood, Simon Rattle, Brian Ferneyhough, Elton John and Annie Lennox.

History

[edit]
Students take a lesson in fencing in 1944

The academy was founded by John Fane, 11th Earl of Westmorland, in 1822 with the help and ideas of the French harpist and composer Nicolas Bochsa.[5] The academy was granted a royal charter by King George IV in 1830.[4] The founding of the academy was greatly supported by Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington. He was a keen violinist himself and was determined to make the academy a success.[9]

The academy faced closure in 1866; this was part of the reason for the founding of the Royal College of Music in South Kensington. The academy's history took a turn for the better when its recently appointed Principal (and former pupil) William Sterndale Bennett took on the chairmanship of the academy's board of directors and established its finances and reputation on a new footing.[10]

The academy's first building was in Tenterden Street, Hanover Square.[11] Arnold Bax recalled it as an architectural rabbit warren. "The three eighteenth-century houses which the institution comprised were departitioned, one conjectured, with fearsome violence. Wherefore else the need for those torturous tunnellings, that labyrinthine intricacy of passages, the cul-de-sacs, and follies? It took the average new student about a month to get his or her bearings."[12] In 1911 the institution moved to the current premises, designed by Sir Ernest George[13] (which include the 450-seat Duke's Hall),[11] built at a cost of £51,000 on the site of an orphanage.[14] In 1976 the academy acquired the houses situated on the north side and built between them a new opera theatre donated by the philanthropist Sir Jack Lyons and named after him and two new recital spaces, a recording studio, an electronic music studio, several practice rooms and office space.[15]

The academy again expanded its facilities in the late 1990s, with the addition of 1–5 York Gate, designed by John Nash in 1822,[16] to house the new museum, a musical theatre studio and several teaching and practice rooms. To link the main building and 1–5 York Gate a new underground passage and the underground barrel-vaulted 150-seat David Josefowitz recital hall were built on the courtyard between the mentioned structures.[17]

Campus and location

[edit]
The facade of the Royal Academy of Music

The academy's current facilities are situated on Marylebone Road in central London[18] adjacent to Regent's Park.

Teaching

[edit]

The Royal Academy of Music offers training from infant level (Junior Academy), with the senior Academy awarding the LRAM diploma, BMus and higher degrees to PhD/ DMus.[19] The former degree GRSM, equivalent to a university honours degree and taken by some students, was phased out in the 1990s. All undergraduates now take the University of London degree of BMus.

A violin lesson in 1944

Most academy students are classical performers: strings, piano, vocal studies including opera, brass, woodwind, conducting and choral conducting, composition, percussion, harp, organ, accordion, guitar. There are also departments for historical performance, musical theatre performance and jazz.

The academy collaborates with other conservatoires worldwide, including participating in the SOCRATES student and staff exchange programme. In 1991, the academy introduced a fully accredited degree in performance studies, and in September 1999, it became a full constituent college of the University of London, in both cases becoming the first UK conservatoire to do so.

The academy has students from over 50 countries, following diverse programmes including instrumental performance, conducting, composition, jazz, musical theatre, historical performance, and opera. The academy has an established relationship with King's College London, particularly the Department of Music, whose students receive instrumental tuition at the academy. In return, many students at the academy take a range of humanities choices at King's, and its extended academic musicological curriculum.

The Junior Academy, for pupils under the age of 18, meets every Saturday.

Library and archives

[edit]

The academy's library contains over 160,000 items, including significant collections of early printed and manuscript materials and audio facilities. The library also houses archives dedicated to Sir Arthur Sullivan and Sir Henry Wood.[20] Among the Library's most valuable possessions are the autograph manuscripts of Purcell's The Fairy-Queen, Sullivan's The Mikado and The Martyr of Antioch,[21] Vaughan Williams' Fantasia on a Theme by Thomas Tallis and Serenade to Music, and the newly discovered Handel Gloria.[22] A grant from the National Heritage Memorial Fund has assisted in the purchase of the Robert Spencer Collection—a set of Early English Song and Lute music, as well as a fine collection of lutes and guitars. The academy's museum displays many of these items. The Orchestral Library has approximately 4,500 sets of orchestral parts. Other collections include the libraries of Sir Henry Wood and Otto Klemperer.[23]

Soon after violinist Yehudi Menuhin's death, the Royal Academy of Music acquired his personal archive, which includes sheet music marked up for performance, correspondence, news articles and photographs relating to Menuhin, autograph musical manuscripts, and several portraits of Paganini.[24]

Harriet Cohen bequeathed a large collection of paintings, some photographs and her gold bracelet to the academy, with a request that the room in which the paintings were to be housed was named the "Arnold Bax Room". Noted for her performances of Bach and modern English music, she was a friend and advocate of Arnold Bax and also premièred Vaughan Williams' Piano Concerto—a work dedicated to her—in 1933. In 1886, Franz Liszt performed at the academy to celebrate the creation of the Franz Liszt Scholarship[25] and in 1843 Mendelssohn was made an honorary member of the academy.

Student performances and festivals

[edit]

Academy students perform regularly in the academy's concert venues, and also nationally and internationally under conductors such as the late Sir Colin Davis, Yan Pascal Tortelier, Christoph von Dohnányi, the late Sir Charles Mackerras and Trevor Pinnock. In summer 2012, John Adams conducted an orchestra which combined students from the academy and New York's Juilliard School at the Proms and at New York's Lincoln Center. Conductors who have recently worked with the orchestras include Semyon Bychkov, Daniel Barenboim, Sir Simon Rattle, Pierre-Laurent Aimard and Christian Thielemann.[26][27][28][29] Famous people who have conducted the academy's orchestra also include Carl Maria von Weber in 1826 and Richard Strauss in 1926.[30]

For many years, the academy celebrated the work of a living composer with a festival in the presence of the composer. Previous composer festivals at the academy have been devoted to the work of Witold Lutosławski, Michael Tippett, Krzysztof Penderecki, Olivier Messiaen, Hans Werner Henze, Luciano Berio, Elliott Carter, Stavros Papanikolaou, as well as academy graduates, Alfred Schnittke, György Ligeti, Franco Donatoni, Galina Ustvolskaya, Arvo Pärt, György Kurtág and Mauricio Kagel.

In February–March 2006, an academy festival celebrated the violin virtuoso Niccolò Paganini, who first visited London 175 years earlier in 1831. The festival included a recital by academy professor Maxim Vengerov, who performed on Il Cannone Guarnerius, Paganini's favourite violin.[31] Academy instrumentalists and musical theatre students have also performed in a series of concerts with the academy alumnus Sir Elton John.[32]

The students and ensembles of the Royal Academy of Music perform in other venues around London including Kings Place,[33] St Marylebone Parish Church and the South Bank Centre.

Museum and collections

[edit]
Main article: Royal Academy of Music Museum

The academy's public museum is situated in the York Gate building, which is connected to the academy's building via a basement link. The museum houses the academy's collections, including a major collection of Cremonese stringed instruments dated between 1650 and 1740, a selection of historical English pianos from 1790 to 1850, from the famous Mobbs Collection, original manuscripts by Purcell, Mendelssohn, Liszt, Brahms, Sullivan and Vaughan Williams, musical memorabilia and other exhibits.[34]

People

[edit]
Main article: List of Royal Academy of Music people

Alumni

[edit]

Former students include Olga Athaide Craen, John Barbirolli, Judith Bingham, Dennis Brain, Alan Bush, Doreen Carwithen, Rebecca Clarke, Jacob Collier,[35] Clifford Curzon, Louis Dowdeswell, Edward Gardner, Lesley Garrett, David Patrick Gedge Evelyn Glennie, Eleanor Greenwood, Amy Horrocks, Dorothy Howell, Katherine Jenkins, Elton John, Annie Lennox, Kate Loder, Felicity Lott, Moura Lympany, Margot MacGibbon, Vanessa-Mae,[36] Denis Matthews, Michael Nyman, Elsie Southgate, Eva Ruth Spalding, Florence Margaret Spencer Palmer, Ashan Pillai, Simon Rattle, Cecile Stevens, Arthur Sullivan, Eva Turner, Maxim Vengerov, Kate Lucy Ward, E. Florence Whitlock, Margaret Jones Wiles, Carol Anne Williams and Henry Wood.

Academics and staff

[edit]

The current principal of the academy is Jonathan Freeman-Attwood, appointed in July 2008.[37] The Patron was Queen Elizabeth II and the president is the Duchess of Gloucester.[38] Diana, Princess of Wales, was the president of the academy from 1985 until 1997.[39]

Prizes and honorary awards

[edit]
Main article: List of Royal Academy of Music people § Honours

The Royal Academy of Music publishes every year a list of persons who have been selected to be awarded one of the Royal Academy's honorary awards. These awards are for alumni who have distinguished themselves within the music profession (Fellow of the Royal Academy of Music, FRAM), distinguished musicians who are not alumni (Honorary Member of the Royal Academy of Music, Hon RAM), alumni who have made a significant contribution to the music profession (Associate of the Royal Academy of Music, ARAM) and to people who are not alumni but have offered important services to the institution (Honorary Associate of the Royal Academy of Music, Hon ARAM). Honorary Fellowship of the Royal Academy of Music (Hon FRAM) is awarded by the Governing Body of the academy. As a full member of the University of London, the academy can nominate people to the University of London honorary doctorate (Hon DMus).[40]

The Royal Academy of Music manages the Royal Academy of Music Bach Prize (sponsored by the Kohn Foundation), a music award to musicians or scholars who have made an important contribution to the music of Johann Sebastian Bach.[41]

The Gilbert Betjemann Prize is a gold medal awarded by the Royal Academy of Music "for operatic singing".

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "ANNUAL REVIEW AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR YEAR ENDING 31 JULY 2023" (PDF). Royal Academy of Music. Retrieved 18 January 2023.
  2. ^ a b c "Where do HE students study?". Higher Education Statistics Agency. Retrieved 23 September 2024.
  3. ^ Stanford, Charles Villiers (1916). "William Sterndale Bennett: 1816–1875". The Musical Quarterly. 2 (4): 628–657. doi:10.1093/mq/ii.4.628. JSTOR 737945.
  4. ^ a b c Temperley, Nicholas; Olleson, Philip; Bowers, Roger; Johnstone, H. Diack; Rastall, Richard; Holman, Peter; Axton, Marie; Luckett, Richard; Wathey, Andrew; Hume, Robert D.; McVeigh, Simon; Croft-Murray, Edward; Jacobs, Arthur; Dideriksen, Gabriella; Snelson, John; Ehrlich, Cyril; Musgrave, Michael; Wright, David C.H.; Roche, Elizabeth; Rainbow, Bernarr; Kemp, Anthony; Dale, Kathleen; Jones, Peter Ward; Conner, William J. (2001). "London (i), VIII, 3(i): Educational institutions: Royal Academy of Music (RAM)". Grove Music Online. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.16904.
  5. ^ a b "Hero, Royal Academy of Music". Archived from the original on 29 April 2011. Retrieved 19 January 2011.
  6. ^ "What's On – Royal Academy of Music". www.ram.ac.uk. Retrieved 6 June 2017.
  7. ^ "Instrument collections – Royal Academy of Music". www.ram.ac.uk. Retrieved 8 December 2024.
  8. ^ "Royal Academy of Music, registered charity no. 310007". Charity Commission for England and Wales.
  9. ^ "Royal Charter" (PDF). Royal Academy of Music. Retrieved 9 June 2018.
  10. ^ Stanford (1916), p. 656.
  11. ^ a b "Key Dates". Royal Academy of Music. Retrieved 19 January 2011.
  12. ^ Bax, Arnold. Farewell, My Youth (1943), p 18
  13. ^ Gray, A. Stuart, Edwardian Architecture: A Biographical Dictionary, Wordsworth Editions, London, 1985, pp. 186–187
  14. ^ Pearl Adam. "The Arts. No. 2. The Royal Academy Of Music". Retrieved 30 January 2010.
  15. ^ "Sir Jack Lyons Theatre". Mandy Actors. Retrieved 21 October 2009.[permanent dead link‍]
  16. ^ "Royal Academy of Music Museum, Culture 24". Retrieved 30 January 2010.
  17. ^ "Royal Academy of Music, new recital room, Marylebone Road, London". Concrete. October 2002. Retrieved 30 January 2010.
  18. ^ "Royal Academy of Music", Oxford Concise Dictionary of Music, ed., Michael Kennedy, (Oxford, 2004) ISBN 978-0-19-860884-4
  19. ^ "Royal Academy of Music Marshall Scholarships". Marshall Scholarships. Retrieved 8 July 2009.[dead link‍]
  20. ^ "Royal Academy of Music Library". Copac Academic & National Library Catalogue. Archived from the original on 21 October 2011. Retrieved 16 September 2009.
  21. ^ RCM collection
  22. ^ "Lost Handel set for modern debut". BBC. 12 March 2001. Retrieved 30 January 2010.
  23. ^ "Otto Klemperer Archive finding aid". Retrieved 19 September 2008.
  24. ^ Yehudi Menuhin Archive Saved For The Nation Archived 2012-11-27 at the Wayback Machine 26 February 2004, TourDates.Co.UK, retrieved 28 September 2013.
  25. ^ Royal Academy of Music. "APOLLO: Liszt & Chopin exhibition". Retrieved 19 January 2011.
  26. ^ Royal Academy of Music. "Orchestral opportunities".
  27. ^ Royal Academy of Music. "Christian Thielemann citation". Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  28. ^ Royal Academy of Music (4 March 2011). "Simon Rattle speech".
  29. ^ Nicholas Wroe (The Guardian) (16 November 2012). "Semyon Bychkov: beating time". London.
  30. ^ Susan Elkin (The Stage). "Maestro conducts Mahler with students". Archived from the original on 21 April 2013.
  31. ^ "Vengerov plays "Paganini In London" festival". tourdates.co.uk. Archived from the original on 29 September 2011. Retrieved 3 September 2009.
  32. ^ "ELTON JOHN & RAY COOPER". Royal Festival Hall. Archived from the original on 4 October 2009. Retrieved 22 September 2009.
  33. ^ "Kings Place". Royal Academy of Music. Retrieved 19 January 2011.
  34. ^ David Prudames. "STRADIVARIUS VIOLIN SAVED FOR NATION BY ROYAL ACADEMY OF MUSIC". 24hourmuseum.org.uk. Retrieved 13 September 2009.
  35. ^ "Jacob Collier – The Vocalist/Multi-instrumentalist YouTube Sensation". jazzwise.com. Retrieved 18 August 2020.
  36. ^ "Twenty-First Century Sound: Vanessa-Mae, Classical and Pop Violinist". connollymusic.com. Retrieved 18 August 2020.
  37. ^ "Royal Academy of Music: Principal". Royal Academy of Music. Retrieved 19 January 2011.
  38. ^ "Governing Body". Royal Academy of Music. Retrieved 19 January 2011.
  39. ^ "SPECIAL REPORT: PRINCESS DIANA, 1961–1997". Time. 18 September 1997. Archived from the original on 30 April 2009. Retrieved 30 January 2010.
  40. ^ "Royal Academy of Music: Honours Committee". Royal Academy of Music. Retrieved 19 January 2011.
  41. ^ "Royal Academy of Music / Kohn Foundation Bach Prize is awarded to John Butt". Royal Academy of Music. Retrieved 19 January 2011.
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