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{{Short description|Species of tree}}
{{Taxobox
{{speciesbox
| color = lightgreen
| image = Sapodilla big.jpg
| name = Chicle
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| genus = Manilkara
⚫
| species = chicle
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
| authority = ([[Henri François Pittier|Pittier]]) [[Charles Louis Gilly|Gilly]]<ref name=ipni1>''Trop. Woods'' no. 73: 14. 1943 {{ cite web |url=http://www.ipni.org:80/ipni/idPlantNameSearch.do;jsessionid=C2CDD17854C13F81AEE2ABA353BCB0D6?id=152591-2 |title=Plant Name Details for ''Manilkara chicle'' |quote=nomenclatural synonym: Sapotaceae ''Achras chicle''|work=[[International Plant Names Index|IPNI]] |accessdate=December 25, 2009}}</ref>
| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
| synonyms = ''Achras chicle'' <small>Pittier</small><br>''Mopania chicle'' <small>(Pittier) [[Cyrus Longworth Lundell|Lundell]]</small>
| ordo = [[Ericales]]
: list sources :<ref name=ipni1/><ref name=ipni2>''J. Wash. Acad. Sci.'' 9: 436. 1919 {{ cite web |url=http://www.ipni.org:80/ipni/idPlantNameSearch.do?id=2415-2 |title=Plant Name Details for ''Achras chicle'' |quote=Distribution: Vega Grande, near Los Amates, Izabal (Guatemala, Central America, Southern America)<br>nomenclatural synonym: Sapotaceae ''Mopania chicle''<br>nomenclatural synonym: Sapotaceae ''Manilkara chicle'' |work=IPNI |accessdate=December 25, 2009}}</ref><ref name=ipni3>''Wrightia'' 6: 19. 1978 {{ cite web |url=http://www.ipni.org:80/ipni/idPlantNameSearch.do?id=164209-2 |title=Plant Name Details for ''Mopania chicle'' |quote=nomenclatural synonym: Sapotaceae ''Achras chicle'' |work=IPNI |accessdate=December 25, 2009}}</ref>
| familia = [[Sapotaceae]]
| genus = ''[[Manilkara]]''
⚫
| species = '''''M. chicle'''''
| binomial = ''Manilkara chicle''
| binomial_authority = (Pittier) Gilly
}}
}}


'''Chicle''' is the [[natural gum|gum]] from ''Manilkara chicle'', a species of [[Manilkara|sapodilla]] tree. It is a tropical evergreen tree, native to southern [[North America]] and [[South America]]. It is the traditional material used in [[chewing gum]]. The Wrigley Company was a prominent user of this material. Today there are only a few companies that still make chewing gum from natural chicle (e.g. [http://www.gleegum.com Glee Gum]).
'''''Manilkara chicle''''' is a tropical [[evergreen]] [[tree]] native to [[Mexico]] and [[Central America]]. The tree ranges from [[Veracruz]] in [[Mexico]] south to [[Department of Atlántico|Atlántico]] in [[Colombia]].<ref>{{GRIN | accessdate = 14 January 2018}}</ref> It yields a [[natural gum]] known as [[chicle]], traditionally used in making [[chewing gum]] and other products.


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==See also==
The name "chicle" comes from the [[Nahuatl]] word for the gum, ''tziktli'' {{IPA|['ʦikt͡ɬi]}}, which can also be translated 'sticky stuff'.
* ''[[Manilkara zapota]]'', the sapodilla tree


==References==
The tree is also grown for its fruit which is plum-sized and has a translucent brown flesh. The tapping of the gum is similar to the tapping of [[latex]] from the [[rubber]] tree. Zigzag gashes are made in the tree trunk and the dripping gum is collected in small bags. Locals who collect chicle are called [[chicleros]]. This is then boiled until it reaches the correct thickness. Widespread tapping has led to the tree becoming scarce and other sources like the related [[Balatá]] (''Manilkara bidentata'') are increasingly being used. Many modern chewing gums use [[petroleum]] based [[plastic]] instead of chicle.
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
Chicle was well known to the Nahuatl-speaking [[Aztecs]] and to the [[Maya people|Mayans]] ([[Native American (Americas)|Amerindians]]) and early European settlers prized it for its subtle flavour and high sugar content. Chiclets are named after chicle.
{{wikispecies-inline}}


{{Taxonbar|from=Q1072226}}
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== See also ==


⚫
[[Category:Manilkara|chicle]]
* [[Antonio López de Santa Anna]]
[[Category:Plants described in 1919]]

[[Category:Sapotaceae]]
[[Category:Trees of Northern America]]
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[[Category:Gums]]
[[Category:Fruits and vegetables of Mexico]]

[[de:Chicle]]
[[es:Chicle]]
[[fi:Chicle]]
[[fr:Chicle]]
[[pt:Chicle]]

Latest revision as of 14:10, 23 December 2023

Manilkara chicle
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Ericales
Family: Sapotaceae
Genus: Manilkara
Species:
M. chicle
Binomial name
Manilkara chicle
Synonyms

Achras chicle Pittier
Mopania chicle (Pittier) Lundell

list sources :[1][2][3]

Manilkara chicle is a tropical evergreen tree native to Mexico and Central America. The tree ranges from Veracruz in Mexico south to Atlántico in Colombia.[4] It yields a natural gum known as chicle, traditionally used in making chewing gum and other products.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Trop. Woods no. 73: 14. 1943 "Plant Name Details for Manilkara chicle". IPNI. Retrieved December 25, 2009. nomenclatural synonym: Sapotaceae Achras chicle
  2. ^ J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 9: 436. 1919 "Plant Name Details for Achras chicle". IPNI. Retrieved December 25, 2009. Distribution: Vega Grande, near Los Amates, Izabal (Guatemala, Central America, Southern America)
    nomenclatural synonym: Sapotaceae Mopania chicle
    nomenclatural synonym: Sapotaceae Manilkara chicle
  3. ^ Wrightia 6: 19. 1978 "Plant Name Details for Mopania chicle". IPNI. Retrieved December 25, 2009. nomenclatural synonym: Sapotaceae Achras chicle
  4. ^ "Manilkara chicle". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 14 January 2018.
[edit]

Data related to Manilkara chicle at Wikispecies

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