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{{About|the IoT(Internet of Things) operating system from LG|the metacomputing term|Web operating system|}}
{{Short description|Linux kernel–based operating system developed by LG, previously Palm and HP}}
{{Lowercase title}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2012}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2024}}
{{Infobox OS
{{Infobox OS
| name = WebOS
| name = webOS
| logo = LG WebOS New.svg
<!--Note:The Wikipedia Manual of Style specifies the non-stylized name for an article like this, with a capital ''W.''-->
| logo size = 240px
| screenshot = LG webOS.jpg
| screenshot = LG webOS.jpg
| caption = webOS running on an LG [[Smart TV]]
| caption =
| developer = [[LG Electronics]],<br>previously [[Hewlett-Packard]] & [[Palm, Inc.|Palm]]
| programmed_in = [[C++]]
| family = [[Linux]] ([[Unix-like]])
| developer = [[LG Electronics]],<br />Open webOS community contributors,<br />previously [[Hewlett-Packard]] & [[Palm, Inc.|Palm]]
| ui = [[Graphical user interface|Graphical]] (Luna)
| license = [[Apache License]]
| license = [[Apache License]]
| website = {{URL|http://webosose.org|Open-source website}}<br>{{URL|http://webostv.developer.lge.com|Developer website}}
| programmed_in = [[C++]], [[Qt (software)|Qt]]<ref>{{cite web|title=QtWS15- Bringing LG webOS and Qt to millions of smartTVs | website=[[YouTube]] | date=October 12, 2015 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N-DGijemc7M |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211215/N-DGijemc7M |archive-date=December 15, 2021 |url-status=live}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
| kernel_type = [[Monolithic kernel|Monolithic]] ([[Linux kernel]])
| kernel_type = [[Monolithic kernel|Monolithic]] ([[Linux kernel]])
| supported_platforms = [[ARM architecture|ARM]]
| supported_platforms = [[ARM architecture|ARM]]
| latest_release_version = {{Ubl|'''LG TV:''' 24|'''Open-source:''' 2.27.0|'''HP TouchPad:''' 3.0.5|'''Palm Pre:''' 2.2.4}}
| ui = [[Graphical User Interface|Graphical]] (Luna)
| latest_release_date =
| family = webOS (based on [[Linux kernel]])
| marketing_target = [[Embedded devices]]
| Working_State = Active
| prog_language = [[Qt (software)|Qt]], [[HTML5]], [[C (programming language)|C]], [[C++]]
| released =
| working state = Current
| latest_release_version = 3.0.5 (tablet)<br />1.4.5 (Pre, Pre Plus (US), Pixi, and Pixi Plus)
| source_model = [[Source-available]]
2.1 (Pre Plus (UK) and Pre 2) 2.1.2 (Veer) 2.2.4 (Pre 3) (phone)
| preceded by = [[Palm OS]] (phones)<br>[[NetCast]] (smart TVs)
| latest_release_date = {{Start date and age|df=yes|2012|01|12}}
| latest_test_version =
| latest_test_date =
| marketing_target = Embedded devices
| prog_language = [[HTML5]], [[C (programming language)|C]], [[C++]]
| language = English (US), Spanish, French, Italian and German
| updatemodel =
| package_manager =
| source_model = [[Open source]]
| website = {{URL|http://www.hpwebos.com/}}<br />{{URL|http://www.openwebosproject.org/}}
}}
}}
<!--Note:The Wikipedia Manual of Style specifies the non-stylized name for an article like this, with a capital ''W.''-->
LG's '''webOS,''' also known as '''Open''' '''webOS,''' '''HP webOS,''' or '''Palm webOS,''' is a [[Linux kernel]]-based multitask [[operating system]] for [[smart device]]s like TVs, and [[smartwatch]]es; and was formerly a [[mobile operating system]]. Initially developed by Palm, which was acquired by [[Hewlett-Packard]], HP made the platform [[open source]], and it became ''Open webOS.'' The operating system was later sold to [[LG Electronics]]. HP still had plenty of patents related to webOS. In 2014, Qualcomm has announced that it has acquired technology patents from HP, which includes the webOS patents.


'''webOS''', also known as '''LG webOS''' and previously known as '''Open webOS,''' '''HP webOS''' and '''Palm webOS''',<ref>{{cite web |title=HP webOS Developer FAQ |url=https://developer.palm.com/content/resources/develop/faq.html#c31712 |publisher=Palm, Inc. |access-date=May 15, 2011 |archive-date=March 18, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120318153201/https://developer.palm.com/content/resources/develop/faq.html#c31712 |url-status=dead }}</ref> is a [[Linux kernel]]-based [[Computer multitasking|multitasking]] [[operating system]] for [[smart device]]s such as [[smart TV]]s that has also been used as a [[mobile operating system]]. Initially developed by [[Palm, Inc.]] (which was acquired by [[Hewlett-Packard]]), HP made the platform [[Open-source software|open source]], at which point it became ''Open webOS.''
Various versions of webOS have been featured on several devices, including Pre, [[HP Veer|Pixi]], and [[smartphones|Veer]] [[smartphones]][[HP TouchPad|ouchPad]] [[tablet computer|tablet]], LG [[Smart TV]]s including LB870, LB730 and LED LB671, and smartwatches including [[LG Watch Urbane]] and the [[Audi]] smartwatch (prototype).<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_EGRJPNZvX4 | title= Exclusive: The LG Audi smartwatch runs webOS! | date=7 January 2015 | accessdate= 8 January 2015 }}</ref>


The [[operating system]] was later sold to [[LG Electronics]], and was made primarily a [[List of smart TV platforms and middleware software|smart TV operating system]] for [[LG televisions]] as a successor to [[NetCast]]. In January 2014, [[Qualcomm]] announced that it had acquired technology patents from HP, which included all the webOS and Palm patents; LG licenses them to use in their devices.
Through all iterations of the operating system (Palm, HP and LG) the owners have stylized the name as '''webOS'''.<ref>{{cite web|title=HP webOS Developer FAQ |url=https://developer.palm.com/content/resources/develop/faq.html#c31712 | publisher=''Palm, Inc.''}}</ref>


Various versions of webOS have been featured on several devices since launching in 2009, including [[Palm Pre|Pre]], [[Palm Pixi|Pixi]], and [[HP Veer|Veer]] [[smartphones]], [[HP TouchPad|TouchPad]] [[tablet computer|tablet]], LG's smart TVs since 2014, LG's smart refrigerators and smart projectors since 2017.
== History ==
{{multiple image
| direction = vertical
| width = 180
| header= ''Logo history''
| image1 = Palm webOS logo.svg
| caption1 = Palm webOS logo
| image2 = WebOS.png
| caption2 = HP webOS logo
| image3 = OpenWebOS logo.png
| caption3 = Open webOS logo
}}


=== Palm ===
==History==
===2009–2010: Launch by Palm===
Palm launched WebOS, then called '''Palm webOS''', in January 2009 as the successor to [[Palm OS]]. The first webOS device was the original [[Palm Pre]], released by [[Sprint Nextel|Sprint]] in June 2009. The [[Palm Pixi]] followed. Upgraded "Plus" versions of both Pre and Pixi were released on Verizon and AT&T.
Palm launched webOS, then called '''Palm webOS''', in January 2009 as the successor to [[Palm OS]]. The first webOS device was the original [[Palm Pre]], released by [[Sprint Nextel|Sprint]] in June 2009. The Palm Pixi followed.{{Citation needed|date=December 2024}}


===2010–2013: Acquisition by HP; the launch of Open webOS===
=== HP ===
In April 2010 HP acquired Palm; webOS was described{{by whom?|date=April 2015}} as a key asset and motivation for the purchase. The $1.2 billion acquisition finalized in June. HP indicated its intention to develop the webOS platform for use in multiple new products, including smartphones, tablets, and [[printer (computing)|printers]].<ref>{{cite news |last= Bajarin |first= Ben |title=HP Is Committed to Its 'WebOS' Platform (and It Should Be). |series= TechLand |work=''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' |publisher=Time Inc. |date= 30 June 2011 |url= http://techland.time.com/2011/06/30/hp-is-committed-to-its-webos-platform-and-it-should-be/#ixzz1QshLqoCZ |accessdate= 27 November 2013}}</ref>
In April 2010, HP acquired Palm. The acquisition of Palm was initiated while [[Mark Hurd]] was CEO, however he resigned shortly after the acquisition was completed. Later, webOS was described by new HP CEO [[Leo Apotheker]] as a key asset and motivation for the purchase. The $1.2 billion acquisition was finalized in June. HP indicated its intention to develop the webOS platform for use in multiple new products, including smartphones, tablets, and [[printer (computing)|printers]].<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Bajarin |first=Ben |title=HP Is Committed to Its 'webOS' Platform (and It Should Be) |series=TechLand |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |publisher=Time Inc. |date=June 30, 2011 |url=https://techland.time.com/2011/06/30/hp-is-committed-to-its-webos-platform-and-it-should-be/#ixzz1QshLqoCZ |access-date= November 27, 2013 }}</ref>


[[File:Jon Rubinstein & Todd Bradley.jpg|thumb|HP executives demonstrating webOS devices in 2011]]
In February 2011 HP announced that it would use webOS as the universal platform for all its devices.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.digitaltrends.com/mobile/hp-snubs-windows-plans-to-integrate-webos-into-pcs/ |title= HP snubs Windows, plans to integrate WebOS into PCs |publisher=''Digital Trends'' |date=9 February 2011 |accessdate=14 June 2013}}</ref> However, HP also made the decision<ref name="HPThanks">{{cite web|url= http://blog.palm.com/palm/2011/02/thanks-really-for-the-feedback.html |title=Thanks (really!) for the feedback|publisher=Hewlett Packard}}</ref> that the Palm Pre, Palm Pixi, and the "Plus" revisions would not receive [[FOTA (technology)|over-the-air updates]] to webOS 2.0,<ref name="HPBreaksPromise">{{cite web|url=http://www.brighthand.com/default.asp?newsID=17498&news=hp+palm+webos+2.0+pre+pixi |title=HP Breaks Promise: WebOS 2.0 Upgrades for Palm Pre and Pixi Not Coming|work=Brighthand.com |date= |accessdate= 13 February 2011}}</ref> despite a previous commitment to an upgrade "in coming months."<ref name="brighthand17244">{{cite news |last= Hardy |first=Ed |title=HP Commits to WebOS 2.0 Upgrades for All Palm Smartphones |work= Brighthand.com |date= 20 November 2010 |url= http://www.brighthand.com/default.asp?newsID=17244&news=HP+Palm+webOS+2.0+Pre+Pixi+Upgrade |accessdate= 27 November 2013}}</ref> HP announced several webOS devices, including the [[HP Veer]] and [[HP Pre 3]] smartphones, running WebOS 2.2, and the [[HP TouchPad]], a tablet computer released in July 2011 that runs webOS 3.0.


In February 2011, HP announced that it would use webOS as the universal platform for all its devices.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.digitaltrends.com/mobile/hp-snubs-windows-plans-to-integrate-webos-into-pcs|title=HP snubs Windows, plans to integrate webOS into PCs |publisher=Digital Trends|date=February 9, 2011|access-date=June 14, 2013}}</ref> However, HP also made the decision<ref name="HPThanks">{{cite web|url=http://blog.palm.com/palm/2011/02/thanks-really-for-the-feedback.html|title=Thanks (really!) for the feedback|publisher=Hewlett Packard|access-date=February 14, 2011|archive-date=July 18, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718120952/http://blog.palm.com/palm/2011/02/thanks-really-for-the-feedback.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> that the Palm Pre, Palm Pixi, and the "Plus" revisions would not receive [[FOTA (technology)|over-the-air updates]] to webOS 2.0,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.brighthand.com/default.asp?newsID=17498&news=hp+palm+webos+2.0+pre+pix |title=HP Breaks Promise: webOS 2.0 Upgrades for Palm Pre and Pixi Not Coming |work=Brighthand.com |access-date=February 13, 2011 }}</ref> despite a previous commitment to an upgrade "in coming months."<ref name= brighthand17244>{{cite news |last=Hardy |first=Ed |title=HP Commits to webOS 2.0 Upgrades for All Palm Smartphones |work=Brighthand.com |date=November 20, 2010 |url=http://www.brighthand.com/default.asp?newsID=17244&news=HP+Palm+webOS+2.0+Pre+Pixi+Upgrade |access-date=November 27, 2013 }}</ref> HP announced several webOS devices, including the [[HP Veer]] and [[HP Pre 3]] smartphones, running webOS 2.2, and the [[HP TouchPad]], a tablet computer released in July 2011 that runs webOS 3.0.
In March 2011 HP announced plans for a version of webOS by the end of 2011 to run within [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]],<ref>{{cite news |last= Hollister |first=Sean |title=HP TouchPad coming June, WebOS for PC beta by year's end |work= Engadget |publisher=AOL Inc. |date=14 March 2011 |url=http://www.engadget.com/2011/03/14/hp-touchpad-coming-june-webos-for-pc-beta-by-years-end/ |accessdate=27 November 2013}}</ref> and to be installed on all HP desktop and notebook computers in 2012.<ref>{{cite news |title=Apotheker Seeks to Save HP's 'Lost Soul' With Software Growth |work= BusinessWeek |publisher= [[Bloomberg L.P.]] |date=9 March 2011 |url= http://www.businessweek.com/news/2011-03-09/apotheker-seeks-to-save-hp-s-lost-soul-with-software-growth.html |accessdate= 9 March 2011}}</ref> Neither ever materialized, although work had begun on an x86 port around this time involving a team in Fort Collins, Colorado. Work was scrapped later in the year.


In March 2011, HP announced plans for a version of webOS by the end of 2011 to run within [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]],<ref>{{cite news |last=Hollister |first=Sean |date=March 14, 2011 |title=HP TouchPad Coming June, webOS for PC Beta by Year's End |work=Engadget |publisher=AOL Inc. |url=https://www.engadget.com/2011/03/14/hp-touchpad-coming-june-webos-for-pc-beta-by-years-end |access-date=November 27, 2013 }}</ref> and to be installed on all HP desktop and notebook computers in 2012.<ref>{{cite news|title=Apotheker Seeks to Save HP's 'Lost Soul' With Software Growth|work=BusinessWeek|publisher=[[Bloomberg L.P.]]|date=March 9, 2011|url=http://www.businessweek.com/news/2011-03-09/apotheker-seeks-to-save-hp-s-lost-soul-with-software-growth.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110311121717/http://www.businessweek.com/news/2011-03-09/apotheker-seeks-to-save-hp-s-lost-soul-with-software-growth.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=March 11, 2011|access-date=March 9, 2011}}</ref> Neither ever materialized, although work had begun on an x86 port around this time involving a team in [[Fort Collins, Colorado]]; work was scrapped later in the year.{{citation needed|date=November 2016}}
In August 2011 HP announced that it was interested in selling its Personal Systems Group, responsible for all of its consumer PC products, including webOS, and that webOS device development and production lines would be halted.<ref>{{cite web |title= Developing and Distributing with HP: Developer Program Details |work=developer.palm.com |publisher= Hewlett-Packard Development Company |year=2010 |url= http://developer.palm.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1840&Itemid=34 |archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20101201180033/http://developer.palm.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1840&Itemid=34 |archivedate= 2010-12-01}}<!--Original |accessdate= 10 March 2011--></ref><ref>{{cite news |title= HP Confirms Discussions with Autonomy Corporation plc Regarding Possible Business Combination; Makes Other Announcements |work= Press release |date= 18 August 2011 |url= http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20110818006301/en/HP-Confirms-Discussions-Autonomy-Corporation-plc-Business |accessdate= 18 August 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title= HP kills WebOS, spins off PC business to focus on software |work=AppleInsider |date=11 August 2011 |url= http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/11/08/18/hp_to_spin_off_pc_business_to_focus_on_enterprise_software.html |accessdate= 18 August 2011}}</ref> It remained unclear whether HP would consider licensing webOS software to other manufacturers. When HP reduced the price of the Touchpad to $99, the existing inventory quickly sold out.<ref>{{cite web |title= HP Web OS -High connectivity, stability and security |url= http://www.hp.com/united-states/webos/us/en/tablet/touchpad-availability-business.html |date= |publisher= Hewlett-Packard |accessdate= 10 March 2011}}</ref>


In August 2011, HP announced that it was interested in selling its Personal Systems Group, responsible for all of its consumer PC products, including webOS, and that webOS device development and production lines would be halted.<ref>{{cite web|title= Developing and Distributing with HP: Developer Program Details|work= palm.com|publisher= Hewlett-Packard Development Company|year=2010|url=http://developer.palm.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1840&Itemid=34|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101201180033/http://developer.palm.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1840&Itemid=34|archive-date= December 1, 2010}}<!--Original|accessdate=March 10, 2011--></ref><ref>{{cite news |title= HP Confirms Discussions with Autonomy Corporation plc Regarding Possible Business Combination; Makes Other Announcements |work= Press release |date= August 18, 2011 |url= http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20110818006301/en/HP-Confirms-Discussions-Autonomy-Corporation-plc-Business |access-date= August 18, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=HP kills webOS, spins off PC business to focus on software|work= AppleInsider|date=August 11, 2011 |url= http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/11/08/18/hp_to_spin_off_pc_business_to_focus_on_enterprise_software.html|access-date=August 18, 2011}}</ref> It remained unclear whether HP would consider licensing webOS software to other manufacturers. When HP reduced the price of the Touchpad to $99, the existing inventory quickly sold out.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/238542/hp_touchpad_selling_out_during_fire_sale.html|title=$99 HP TouchPad Selling Out During Fire Sale|work=PCWorld|access-date=August 7, 2017 }}</ref>
The HP Pre 3 was launched in select areas of Europe, and U.S.-based units were available only through unofficial channels (both AT&T and Verizon canceled their orders just prior to delivery after [[Léo Apotheker|Apotheker's]] (HP's CEO at the time) announcement.<ref name="allthings">{{cite news |last=Fried |first=Ina |title= HP: WebOS Still Coming to PCs and Printers, Pre3 Launching in "Limited" Markets |work= AllThingsD |publisher= Dow Jones & Company |date= 22 August 2011 |url= http://allthingsd.com/20110822/hp-webos-still-coming-to-pcs-and-printers-pre3-launching-in-limited-markets/ |accessdate=24 August 2011}}</ref> Notably, these U.S. Pre 3 units, having been released through unofficial channels, lacked both warranties and carried no support obligation from HP; as a result parts are nearly impossible to come by. HP announced that it would continue to issue updates for the HP Veer and [[HP TouchPad]], but these updates have failed to materialize for the former, and the latter saw a final, unofficial release called "webOS CE" that contained only open-sourced components of webOS meant for what remained of the developer community rather than a conventional, user-centric update to the operating system. The last HP webOS version, 3.0.5, was released on 12 January 2012.


The HP Pre 3 was launched in select areas of Europe, and US-based units were available only through unofficial channels (both AT&T and Verizon canceled their orders just prior to delivery after [[Léo Apotheker|Apotheker's]] (HP's CEO at the time) announcement.<ref name="allthings">{{cite news|last=Fried|first=Ina|title=HP: webOS Still Coming to PCs and Printers, Pre3 Launching in "Limited" Markets|work=AllThingsD|publisher=Dow Jones & Company|date=August 22, 2011|url=http://allthingsd.com/20110822/hp-webos-still-coming-to-pcs-and-printers-pre3-launching-in-limited-markets/ |access-date=August 24, 2011}}</ref> Notably, these US Pre 3 units, having been released through unofficial channels, lacked both warranties and carried no support obligation from HP; as a result parts are nearly impossible to come by. HP announced that it would continue to issue updates for the HP Veer and [[HP TouchPad]], but these updates have failed to materialize for the former, and the latter saw a final, unofficial release called "webOS CE" that contained only open-sourced components of webOS meant for what remained of the developer community rather than a conventional, user-centric update to the operating system. The last HP webOS version, 3.0.5, was released on January 12, 2012.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.theverge.com/2012/1/12/2702658/hp-touchpad-updated-to-webos-3-0-5 |title=HP TouchPad updated to webOS 3.0.5 |last=Ziegler |first=Chris |date=January 12, 2012 |website=The Verge |access-date=August 7, 2017 }}</ref>
In December 2011, after abandoning the TouchPad and the proposed sale of the HP Personal Systems Group, HP announced it would release webOS [[source code]] in the near future under an [[open-source]] license.<ref name="HpWebOsOpenSource">{{cite web|title= HP to Contribute WebOS to Open Source|url= http://www.hp.com/hpinfo/newsroom/press/2011/111209xa.html|work= Press Release: December 9, 2011 |publisher= Hewlett-Packard | date= 9 December 2011|accessdate= 10 December 2011}}</ref> In August 2012, code specific to the existing devices was released as w''ebOS Community Edition'' (CE), with support for the existing HP hardware.<ref>[http://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2012/08/hp-releases-more-open-webos-code-including-system-manager-and-core-apps/ HP releases more Open webOS code, including System Manager and core apps] on arstechnica.com by Ryan Paul (Aug 3, 2012)</ref> Open webOS includes open source libraries designed to target a wider range of hardware. HP renamed its webOS unit as "Gram".<ref name="DGram">
{{cite news |last=Hesseldahl |first= Arik |authorlink= Arik Hesseldahl
|title= Meet Gram, HP’s New Name for the Company Formerly Known as Palm |work= [[All Things D]]
|date= 15 August 2012
|url= http://allthingsd.com/20120815/meet-gram-hps-new-name-for-the-company-formerly-known-as-palm/
|accessdate= 17 August 2012}}
</ref><ref>{{cite news |last= Musil |first= Steven |title=HP spins off WebOS business, rebranding it as 'Gram' |work= CNET |publisher= CBS Interactive |date= 15 August 2012 |url= http://news.cnet.com/8301-1035_3-57494236-94/hp-spins-off-webos-business-rebranding-it-as-gram/
|accessdate= 5 December 2012}}</ref>


In December 2011, after abandoning the TouchPad and the proposed sale of the HP Personal Systems Group, HP announced it would release webOS [[source code]] in the near future under an [[open-source license]].<ref name= HpWebOsOpenSource>{{cite press release|title= HP to Contribute webOS to Open Source|url= http://www.hp.com/hpinfo/newsroom/press/2011/111209xa.html|work= HP.com |publisher= Hewlett-Packard | date= December 9, 2011|access-date= December 10, 2011}}</ref> In August 2012, code specific to the existing devices was released as ''webOS Community Edition'' (CE), with support for the existing HP hardware.<ref>{{cite web | url= https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2012/08/hp-releases-more-open-webos-code-including-system-manager-and-core-apps/ | title= HP releases more Open webOS code, including System Manager and core apps | website= arstechnica.com | first= Ryan | last= Paul | date=August 3, 2012}}</ref> Open webOS includes open source libraries designed to target a wider range of hardware. HP renamed its webOS unit as "Gram".<ref name= DGram>{{cite news|last=Hesseldahl|first=Arik|title=Meet Gram, HP's New Name for the Company Formerly Known as Palm|work= [[All Things D]]|date=August 15, 2012|url=http://allthingsd.com/20120815/meet-gram-hps-new-name-for-the-company-formerly-known-as-palm|access-date= August 17, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last= Musil| first=Steven|title=HP spins off webOS business, rebranding it as 'Gram' |work= CNET |publisher=CBS Interactive|date= August 15, 2012|url=http://news.cnet.com/8301-1035_3-57494236-94/hp-spins-off-webos-business-rebranding-it-as-gram|access-date=December 5, 2012}}</ref>
In February 2012 HP released Isis, a new web browser for Open webOS.<ref>
{{cite web
| url = http://www.webosnation.com/hp-releases-open-webos-new-browser-isis-javascript-core-and-enyo-ui-widgets
| title = HP releases Open webOS' new browser Isis, JavaScript core, and Enyo UI widgets 34
| last1 = Kessler
| first1 = Derek
| date = 2012-02-14
| access-date = 2015-04-20
}}
</ref>


In February 2012, HP released Isis, a new web browser for Open webOS.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.webosnation.com/hp-releases-open-webos-new-browser-isis-javascript-core-and-enyo-ui-widgets |title=HP releases Open webOS' new browser Isis, JavaScript core, and Enyo UI widgets 34 |last=Kessler |first=Derek |date=February 14, 2012 |access-date=April 20, 2015 }}</ref>
=== Growth and decline of HP App Catalog ===

[[File:Jon Rubinstein & Todd Bradley.jpg|thumb|HP executives demonstrating webOS devices in 2011]]
====Growth and decline of HP App Catalog====
The '''HP App Catalog''' was an [[app store]] for apps for the mobile devices running webOS.
The '''HP App Catalog''' was an [[app store]] for apps for the mobile devices running webOS.


On 6 June 2009, webOS launched on the [[Palm Pre]] with 18 available apps. The number of apps grew to 30 by 17 June 2009,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.medialets.com/blog/2009/06/18/palm-pre-prepared-for-the-spotlight/ |title=Palm Pre Prepared For The Spotlight? |author=Barletta, Bryan |date=18 June 2009 |work= |publisher=''Medialets, Inc.''}}</ref> with 1 million cumulative downloads by 27 June 2009;<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.medialets.com/blog/2009/06/24/palm-pre-app-catalog-reaches-1-million-downloads/|title=Palm Pre App Catalog Reaches 1 Million Downloads |author=Barletta, Bryan |date=24 June 2009|work= |publisher=''Medialets, Inc.''}}</ref> 30 official and 31 unofficial apps by 13 July 2009;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.precentral.net/palm-pre-homebrew-31-apps-official-app-catalog-30|title=Palm Pre Homebrew: 31 Apps. Official App Catalog: 30 |author=Bohn, Dieter |date= 10 July 2009 |work=PreCentral.net|publisher=''Smartphone Experts''}}</ref> 1,000 official apps by 1 January 2010;<ref>{{cite web |last=Werlinger |first=Robert |title=App Catalog Hits 1000 apps |publisher=''webOS Nation'' |date=1 January 2010 |url=http://www.precentral.net/app-catalog-hits-1000-apps|accessdate=27 April 2012}}</ref> 4,000 official apps 29 September 2010;<ref>{{cite web |last=Bohn |first=Dieter|title=webOS surpasses 5,000 apps |publisher=''webOS Nation'' |date=29 September 2010 |url=http://www.webosnation.com/webos-surpasses-5-000-apps |accessdate=27 April 2012}}</ref> and 10,002 official apps on 9 December 2011.<ref>[http://www.webosnation.com/touchpad-breaks-1000-app-milestone Touchpad breaks 1,000 app milestone]. 9 December 2011.</ref>
On June 6, 2009, webOS launched on the [[Palm Pre]] with 18 available apps. The number of apps grew to 30 by June 17, 2009,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.medialets.com/blog/2009/06/18/palm-pre-prepared-for-the-spotlight|title=Palm Pre Prepared For The Spotlight?|last=Barletta|first=Bryan|date=June 18, 2009|publisher=Medialets, Inc.|access-date=March 4, 2012|archive-date=November 10, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171110224906/http://www.medialets.com/blog/2009/06/18/palm-pre-prepared-for-the-spotlight|url-status=dead}}</ref> with 1 million cumulative downloads by June 27, 2009;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.medialets.com/blog/2009/06/24/palm-pre-app-catalog-reaches-1-million-downloads|title=Palm Pre App Catalog Reaches 1 Million Downloads|author=Barletta, Bryan|date=June 24, 2009|publisher=Medialets, Inc.|access-date=March 4, 2012|archive-date=November 10, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171110172050/http://www.medialets.com/blog/2009/06/24/palm-pre-app-catalog-reaches-1-million-downloads|url-status=dead}}</ref> 30 official and 31 unofficial apps by July 13, 2009;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.precentral.net/palm-pre-homebrew-31-apps-official-app-catalog-30|title=Palm Pre Homebrew: 31 Apps. Official App Catalog: 30|author=Bohn, Dieter|date=July 10, 2009|work=PreCentral.net|publisher=Smartphone Experts|access-date=March 4, 2012|archive-date=October 6, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111006124502/http://www.precentral.net/palm-pre-homebrew-31-apps-official-app-catalog-30|url-status=dead}}</ref> 1,000 official apps by January 1, 2010;<ref>{{cite web|last=Werlinger|first=Robert|title=App Catalog Hits 1000 apps|publisher=webOS Nation|date=January 1, 2010|url=http://www.precentral.net/app-catalog-hits-1000-apps|access-date=April 27, 2012|archive-date=October 6, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111006124724/http://www.precentral.net/app-catalog-hits-1000-apps|url-status=dead}}</ref> 4,000 official apps September 29, 2010;<ref>{{cite web |last=Bohn |first=Dieter |title=webOS surpasses 5,000 apps |publisher=webOS Nation |date=September 29, 2010|url=http://www.webosnation.com/webos-surpasses-5-000-apps|access-date=April 27, 2012}}</ref> and 10,002 official apps on December 9, 2011.<ref>[http://www.webosnation.com/touchpad-breaks-1000-app-milestone Touchpad breaks 1,000 app milestone]. webOSNation.com, December 9, 2011.</ref>{{Failed verification|date=November 2024}}


Subsequently, the number of available apps has decreased because many apps have been pulled from the App Catalog from its owners. Examples include the apps for ''[[The New York Times]]'' and [[Pandora Radio]]. The number of remaining functional apps was unknown. When factoring out abandoned and/or non-functioning apps that remain in the App Catalog at present, the number is projected to be substantially lower. webOS users lost HP App Catalog access after the 15 March 2015 shutdown of the HP App Catalog servers; this was notified by a Catalog splash screen on 11 November 2014.<ref>[http://www.theverge.com/2012/6/5/3062611/palm-webos-hp-inside-story-pre-postmortem Pre to postmortem: the inside story of the death of Palm and webOS]</ref>
Subsequently, the number of available apps decreased because many apps were withdrawn from the App Catalog by their owners. Examples include the apps for ''[[The New York Times]]'' and [[Pandora Radio]]. After a Catalog splash screen on November 11, 2014, announcing its deprecation, the HP App Catalog servers were permanently shut down on March 15, 2015. The number of functional apps remaining at that time is unknown but was probably much lower due to the imminent abandonment of the project.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.theverge.com/2012/6/5/3062611/palm-webos-hp-inside-story-pre-postmortem |title=Pre to Postmortem: the Inside Story of the Death of Palm and webOS |last=Ziegler |first=Chris |date=June 5, 2012 |work=The Verge |access-date=November 10, 2018 }}</ref>


=== 2013–present: Acquisition by LG; open-source edition launch ===
=== LG ===
On 25 February 2013, HP announced that it was licensing webOS to [[LG Electronics]] for use on its web-enabled smart TVs. LG Electronics is allowed unlimited access to the documentation, source code, developers and all related websites. [[LG Electronics]] acquired webOS from [[Hewlett-Packard|HP]] to enhance its [[smart TV]]s, replacing its previous NetCast platform.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.webosnation.com/gram-working-lg-open-webos-tv | title= Gram working with LG on an Open webOS TV | work=webOS Nation | date=24 October 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www8.hp.com/us/en/hp-news/press-release.html?id=1375489#.USvx7qK-q2E |title=LG Electronics Acquires webOS from HP to Enhance Smart TV |work= Press Release: February 25, 2013 | publisher=Hewlett-Packard |date=25 February 2013 |accessdate=14 June 2013}}</ref> However, HP will still hold on to patents underlying webOS as well as cloud-based services such as the App Catalog.<ref>{{cite web|title=HP offloads Palm WebOS assets to Korea's LG |url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-21587666 |work=BBC News |accessdate=26 February 2013}}</ref> As well as its use as an OS for smart TVs, LG has expanded its use to various IoT devices. As a starting point, LG showcased an LG Wearable Platform OS (webOS) smartwatch in early 2015.<ref>{{cite web|author=Nilay Patel |url=http://www.theverge.com/2013/2/25/4027814/hp-emerges-as-big-winner-in-webos-sale |title=HP emerges as big winner in WebOS sale |work=The Verge |publisher=Vox Media |date=25 February 2013 |accessdate=6 January 2014}}</ref>
On February 25, 2013, HP announced that it was selling webOS to [[LG Electronics]] for use on its web-enabled [[smart TV]]s, replacing its previous NetCast platform.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.webosnation.com/gram-working-lg-open-webos-tv|title=Gram working with LG on an Open webOS TV|work=webOS Nation|date=October 24, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www8.hp.com/us/en/hp-news/press-release.html?id=1375489#.USvx7qK-q2E|title=LG Electronics Acquires webOS from HP to Enhance Smart TV|work=Press Release: February 25, 2013|publisher=Hewlett-Packard|date=February 25, 2013|access-date=June 14, 2013}}</ref> Under the agreement LG Electronics owns the documentation, source code, developers and all related websites. However, HP would still hold on to patents from Palm as well as cloud-based services such as the App Catalog.<ref>{{cite news|title=HP offloads Palm webOS assets to Korea's LG|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-21587666|work=[[BBC News]]|date=February 26, 2013 |access-date=February 26, 2013}}</ref> In 2014, HP sold its webOS patents to Qualcomm.<ref>[https://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/2014/01/24/qualcomm-purchases-hp-patents/4819069/ Qualcomm purchases Palm patents from HP] USA Today January 24, 2014. Retrieved February 22, 2016</ref>


As well as its use as an OS for smart TVs, LG has expanded its use to various [[Internet of things]] devices. As a starting point, LG showcased a LG Wearable Platform OS (webOS) smartwatch in early 2015.<ref>{{cite web |first=Nilay |last=Patel |url=https://www.theverge.com/2013/2/25/4027814/hp-emerges-as-big-winner-in-webos-sale |title=HP Emerges as Big Winner in webOS Sale |work=The Verge |publisher=Vox Media |date=February 25, 2013 |access-date=January 6, 2014 }}</ref>
== Features ==
At CES 2017, LG announced a smart refrigerator with webOS.<ref>{{cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=diqI7XLXlXg|title=LG at CES 2017 – LG InstaView Door-in-Door Refrigerator |work=LG Global |date=January 6, 2017 |access-date=September 13, 2017 }}</ref>
[[File:Palm webOS Launcher.png|thumb|right|250px|Screenshot of Palm WebOS Launcher (2010)]]


On March 19, 2018, LG announced an open-source edition of webOS.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=LG-webOS-Open-Source-Edition |title=LG Announces webOS Open-Source Edition|publisher=Phoronix|first=Michael |last=Larabel |date=March 19, 2018|access-date=March 20, 2018}}</ref> This edition would allow developers to download the source code for free as well as take advantage of related tools, guides, and forums on its new open source website to become more familiar with webOS and its inherent benefits as a smart device's platform. LG hopes that this will help its goal of advancing its philosophy of open platform, open partnership and open connectivity.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lgnewsroom.com/2018/03/webos-enters-next-phase-as-global-platform-under-lgs-stewardship/|title=webOS Enters Next Phase as Global Platform under LG's Stewardship |publisher=LG |date=March 19, 2018 |access-date=March 20, 2018 }}</ref>
The WebOS mobile platform introduced some innovative features, such as the cards interface, that are still in use by [[Apple Inc.|Apple]], [[Microsoft]] and [[Google]] on their mobile operating systems [[iOS]], [[Windows Phone]], and [[Android (operating system)|Android]], respectively.

==Features==
The webOS mobile platform introduced some innovative features, such as the cards interface and the gesture navigation, that are now standard in mobile operating systems such as [[iOS]], [[Windows Phone]], and [[Android (operating system)|Android]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.engadget.com/2013/06/12/jon-rubinstein-os-x-and-ios-7-borrow-features-from-webos/ |title=Jon Rubinstein: OS X and iOS 7 borrow features from webOS |website=Engadget |date=June 12, 2013 |access-date=August 7, 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bohn |first=Dieter |date=September 15, 2017 |title=What the iPhone X borrowed from the Palm Pre |url=https://www.theverge.com/2017/9/15/16300402/iphone-x-webos-palm-pre-cards-gestures-nostalgia |access-date=June 9, 2022 |website=The Verge }}</ref>

{{multiple image
| direction = vertical
| width = 180
| header= ''Logo history''
| image1 = Palm webOS logo.svg
| caption1 = Palm webOS logo
| image2 = WebOS.png
| caption2 = HP webOS logo
| image3 = OpenWebOS logo.png
| caption3 = Open webOS logo
| image4 = LG WebOS New.svg
| caption4 = LG webOS logo
}}


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Features from releases of webOS
!Feature
!webOS (LG)
!Open webOS
!HP/Palm webOS
|-
|-
! scope="col" | Feature
|Multitasking interface
! scope="col" width="250"| LG webOS
|Line Cards
! scope="col" width="150"| Open webOS
|Cards
! scope="col" width="150"| HP/Palm webOS
|Cards
|-
|-
! scope="row" | Multitasking interface
|Gestures
| style="text-align:center" | Line cards
|through Magic Remote
| colspan="2" style="text-align:center" | Cards
|through touch screen and physical keyboards
|through touch screen and physical keyboards
|-
|-
! scope="row" | Gesture interface
|Synergy
| style="text-align:center" | Magic Remote
|Not supported
| colspan="2" style="text-align:center" | touch screen and physical keyboard
|Not supported
|Supported
|-
|-
! scope="row" | App store
|Third-party apps
| style="text-align:center" | LG Content Store
|LG Store
| {{No}}
|Homebrew
|App Catalog
| style="text-align:center" | HP App Catalog
|-
|-
|Over the air updates
! scope="row" | Over-the-air updates
| colspan="3" {{Yes}}
|Yes
|Yes
|Yes
|-
|-
! scope="row" | Service discovery
|Wireless recharging
| {{Free|Connect SDK}}
|N/A
| {{No}}
|N/A
| {{Yes2|[[zeroconf]] / Touch to Share}}
|yes (proprietary standard)
|-
|-
! scope="row" | Open source
|Simple setup/connection
| {{Partial}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Open Source edition home page|url=http://webosose.org/|access-date=April 3, 2018}}</ref>
|Yes
| {{Yes}}
|N/A
| {{Partial}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Open Source Packages|url=http://www.openwebosproject.org/opensource/packages.html|access-date=April 6, 2014|archive-date=October 30, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131030012743/http://www.openwebosproject.org/opensource/packages.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|N/A
|-
|Discovery of nearby devices
|via [http://connectsdk.com/ Connect SDK]
|No
|later devices support [http://www.zeroconf.org/ Bonjour/ZeroConf] and proprietary "Touch to Share"
|-
|open source
|No
|Yes
|some code released under Open WebOS<ref>{{cite web|title=Open Source Packages|url=http://www.openwebosproject.org/opensource/packages.html|accessdate=6 April 2014}}</ref>

|-
|Devices / versions
|LG smart TVs / LG smartwatches
|ported to multiple devices / Open WebOS 1.0

HP Touchpad / WebOS Community Edition
|pre, pre plus, pixi, pixi plus / HP WebOS 1.4.5<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.palm.com/intl/ |title=Palm International |accessdate=15 July 2010}}</ref>

pre2, pre3 / HP WebOS 2.x.x

HP Touchpad /HP WebOS 3.0.x
|}
|}


=== Multitasking interface ===
=== HP/Palm webOS ===
[[File:Palm webOS Launcher.png|thumb|upright|Screenshot of Palm webOS Launcher (2010)]]
Navigation uses [[multi-touch]] [[pointing device gesture|gestures]] on the [[touchscreen]]. The interface uses "cards" to manage [[multitasking]] and represent apps. The user switches between running apps with a flick from left and right on the screen. Apps are closed by flicking a "card" up—and "off"—the screen.
The app "cards" can be rearranged for organization. webOS 2.0 introduced 'stacks', where related cards could be "stacked" together.
[[File:HP TouchPad.jpg|thumb|right|250px|The [[HP Touchpad]] tablet runs WebOS. The 'card' multitasking UI is shown.]]


=== Synergy ===
====Multitasking interface====
Navigation uses [[multi-touch]] [[pointing device gesture|gestures]] on the [[touchscreen]]. The interface uses "cards" to manage [[Computer multitasking|multitasking]] and represent apps. The user switches between running apps with a flick from left and right on the screen. Apps are closed by flicking a "card" up—and "off"—the screen. The app "cards" can be rearranged for organization. webOS 2.0 introduced 'stacks', where related cards could be "stacked" together.
Palm referred to integration of information from many sources as "Synergy." Users can sign into multiple email accounts from different providers and integrate all of these sources into a single list. Similar capabilities pull together calendars and also [[instant messages]] and [[SMS]] text messages from multiple sources.<ref name="PalmwebOSPress">{{cite press release |title=Palm Unveils All-new WebOS |url=http://investor.palm.com/releasedetail.cfm?ReleaseID=358392 |publisher=''[[Palm, Inc.]]'' |date=8 January 2009 |accessdate=27 May 2009}}</ref>


=== Over the air updates ===
====Synergy====
Palm referred to integration of information from many sources as "Synergy." Users can sign into multiple email accounts from different providers and integrate all of these sources into a single list. Similar capabilities pull together calendars and also [[instant messages]] and [[SMS]] text messages from multiple sources.<ref name="PalmwebOSPress">{{cite press release |title=Palm Unveils All-new webOS |url=http://investor.palm.com/releasedetail.cfm?ReleaseID=358392 |publisher=[[Palm, Inc.]] |date=January 8, 2009 |access-date=May 27, 2009 |archive-date=August 1, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110801213404/http://investor.palm.com/releasedetail.cfm?ReleaseID=358392|url-status=dead }}</ref>

====Over-the-air updates====
The OS can be updated without docking to a PC, instead receiving OS updates over the carrier connection.
The OS can be updated without docking to a PC, instead receiving OS updates over the carrier connection.


=== Notifications ===
====Notifications====
The notification area is located on the bottom portion of the screen on phones, and on the top status bar area on tablets.
The notification area is located on the bottom portion of the screen on phones, and on the top status bar area on tablets.


On phones, when a notification comes in, it slides in from the bottom of the screen. Due to the resizable nature of the Mojo and Enyo application frameworks, the app usually resizes itself to allow unhindered use while the notification is displayed.
On phones, when a notification comes in, it slides in from the bottom of the screen. Due to the resizable nature of the Mojo and Enyo application frameworks, the app usually resizes itself to allow unhindered use while the notification is displayed. After the notification slides away, it usually remains as an icon. The user can then tap on the icons to expand them. Notifications can then be dismissed (sliding off the screen), acted upon (tapping), or left alone.
After the notification slides away, it usually remains as an icon. The user can then tap on the icons to expand them. Notifications can then be dismissed (sliding off the screen), acted upon (tapping), or left alone.


=== Sync ===
====Sync====
By default, data sync uses a [[cloud computing|cloud-based]] approach rather than using a desktop [[Data synchronization|sync]] client. The first version of webOS shipped with the ability to sync with Apple's iTunes software by masquerading as an Apple device, but this feature was disabled by subsequent iTunes software updates.
By default, data sync uses a [[cloud computing|cloud-based]] approach rather than using a desktop [[data synchronization|sync]] client. The first version of webOS shipped with the ability to sync with Apple's iTunes software by masquerading as an Apple device, but this feature was disabled by subsequent iTunes software updates.


=== Third-party apps ===
====Third-party applications====
On HP webOS, officially vetted third-party apps are accessible to be installed on the device from the HP App Catalog.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.palm.com/us/products/software/mobile-applications.html |title=HP webOS official website |publisher=''Palm, Inc.'' |date= |accessdate=14 June 2013}}</ref>
On HP webOS, officially vetted third-party apps are accessible to be installed on the device from the HP App Catalog.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.palm.com/us/products/software/mobile-applications.html|title=HP webOS official website|publisher=Palm, Inc.|access-date=June 14, 2013|archive-date=May 26, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110526011335/http://www.palm.com/us/products/software/mobile-applications.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>


As HP webOS replaced [[Palm OS]], Palm commissioned MotionApps to code and develop an [[emulator]] called Classic, to enable backward compatibility to Palm OS apps. This operates with webOS version 1.0. Palm OS emulation was discontinued in webOS version 2.0.<ref>Derek Kessler. 25 Oct. 2010.[http://www.precentral.net/webos-20-pushes-classic-palm-os-emulator-out-pictureWith WebOS 2.0, MotionApps drops Classic PalmOS Emulator in Palm's lap.]</ref> MotionApps disengaged from Classic in 2010, citing HP Palm as "disruptive."<ref>MotionApps. 25 Oct. 2010.[http://www.motionapps.com/classic/ Classic's Got a Brand New Home! MotionApps Hands Classic Over to Palm]</ref>
As HP webOS replaced [[Palm OS]], Palm commissioned MotionApps to code and develop an [[emulator]] called Classic, to enable backward compatibility to Palm OS apps. This operates with webOS version 1.0. Palm OS emulation was discontinued in WebOS version 2.0.<ref>Derek Kessler. October 25, 2010.[http://www.precentral.net/webos-20-pushes-classic-palm-os-emulator-out-pictureWith WebOS 2.0, MotionApps drops Classic PalmOS Emulator in Palm's lap.]{{Dead link|date=March 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> MotionApps disengaged from Classic in 2010, citing HP Palm as "disruptive."<ref>MotionApps. October 25, 2010.[http://www.motionapps.com/classic Classic's Got a Brand New Home! MotionApps Hands Classic Over to Palm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101224080058/http://www.motionapps.com/classic/ |date=December 24, 2010 }}</ref>


Another source of [[application software|applications]] is [[Homebrew (video games)|homebrew software]].<ref name="Homebrew20110129">Precentral (precentral.net). [http://www.precentral.net/homebrew-apps Homebrew Apps]</ref><ref>milominderbinder (precentral.net) 22 Jan. 2010. [http://www.precentral.net/getting-started-homebrew-apps-patches-and-themes-webos-quick-install Getting Started: Homebrew Apps, Patches, and Themes with WebOS Quick Install.]</ref> Homebrew apps are not directly supported by HP. Programs used to distribute homebrew webOS apps include webOS Quick Install (Java-based for Desktop computers), and Preware (a [[homebrew (software)|homebrew]] WebOS app catalog, which must be sideloaded to install). If software problems do occur after installing homebrew programs, "webOS Doctor" (provided by HP) can restore a phone back to factory settings and remove changes made by homebrew apps and patches.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ws.hpwebos.com/webosdoctor/sorry.htm |title=HP WebOS Doctor |publisher=''HPWebOS.com'' |accessdate=6 January 2014}}</ref>
Another source of [[application software|applications]] is [[Homebrew (video games)|homebrew software]].<ref name="Homebrew20110129">Precentral (precentral.net). [http://www.precentral.net/homebrew-apps Homebrew Apps] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130112094721/http://www.precentral.net/homebrew-apps |date=January 12, 2013 }}</ref><ref>milominderbinder (precentral.net) January 22, 2010. [http://www.precentral.net/getting-started-homebrew-apps-patches-and-themes-webos-quick-install Getting Started: Homebrew Apps, Patches, and Themes with webOS Quick Install.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724020450/http://www.precentral.net/getting-started-homebrew-apps-patches-and-themes-webos-quick-install |date=July 24, 2011 }}</ref> Homebrew apps are not directly supported by HP. Programs used to distribute homebrew webOS apps include webOS Quick Install (Java-based sideloader for desktop computers) and Preware (a homebrew webOS app catalog, which must be sideloaded). If software problems do occur after installing homebrew programs, "webOS Doctor" (provided by HP) can restore a phone back to factory settings and remove changes made by homebrew apps and patches.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ws.hpwebos.com/webosdoctor/sorry.htm|title=HP webOS Doctor|publisher=HPWebOS.com|access-date=January 6, 2014|archive-date=April 22, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150422020231/http://ws.hpwebos.com/webosdoctor/sorry.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>


====Developer Mode====
=== Smart TV features ===
Developer mode allows for developer access of the device and is also used for digital forensic investigations. It can be accessed by typing ''webos20090606'' on the device’s keyboard, or on some devices typing ''upupdowndownleftrightleftrightbastart'' (a reference to the [[Konami code]]) on the cards view. Once in developer mode, data on the system partition can be accessed freely, even if the device was locked.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Casey |first1=Eoghan |last2=Cheval |first2=Adrien |last3=Lee |first3=Jong Yeon |last4=Oxley |first4=David |last5=Song |first5=Yong Jun |title=Forensic acquisition and analysis of palm webOS on mobile devices |journal=Digital Investigation |date=July 1, 2011 |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=37–47 |doi=10.1016/j.diin.2011.04.003 |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1742287611000405 |issn=1742-2876}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.engadget.com/2009/06/10/the-secret-to-palm-pre-dev-mode-lies-in-the-konami-code/ | title=The secret to Palm Pre dev mode lies in the Konami code | date=June 10, 2009 }}</ref>
LG has redesigned the UI of webOS, whilst maintaining the card UI as a feature called "Simple switching" between the TV apps. The other two features promoted by the company are simple connection (using an animated [[Clippy]]-like character called Beanbird to aid the user through setup), and simple discovery.


== Platform ==
===LG webOS===
{{see also|WebOS version history}}
Underneath the [[graphical user interface]], webOS has much in common with mainstream [[Linux distribution]]s. Versions 1.0 to 2.1 use a patched Linux 2.6.24 [[Kernel (computing)|kernel]].<ref name="opc"/>


====Smart TV features====
The list of open-source components used by the different releases of webOS, as well as the source code of and patches applied to each component, is available at the Palm Open Source webpage.<ref name="opc">{{cite web |url=http://www.openwebosproject.org/opensource/packages.html|title=Open Source Packages: HP webOS open source compliance |publisher=''openwebosproject.org'' |date= |accessdate=28 October 2013}}</ref> This page also serves as a reference listing of the versions of webOS that have been publicly released.
LG has redesigned the UI of webOS, maintaining the card UI as a feature called "Simple switching" between open TV apps. The other two features promoted by the company are a simple connection (using an animated [[Clippy]]-like character called Beanbird to aid the user through setup), and simple discovery.


==Platform==
In 2011, [[Enyo (software)|Enyo]] replaced Mojo, released in June 2009, as the [[software development kit]] (SDK).<ref>{{cite web|author=Jesse Mendoza |title=HP Rolls Out WebOS 3.0 Beta with Enyo On Board | date=30 March 2010 |url=http://www.webosroundup.com/2011/03/hp-rolls-out-webos-3-0-beta-with-enyo-on-board/}}</ref>
{{Update section|date=March 2018}}


Underneath the [[graphical user interface]], webOS has much in common with mainstream [[Linux distribution]]s. Versions 1.0 to 2.1 use a patched Linux 2.6.24 [[kernel (operating system)|kernel]].<ref name="opc" />
== Hardware ==


The list of open-source components used by the different releases of webOS, as well as the source code of and patches applied to each component, is available at the Palm Open Source webpage.<ref name="opc">{{cite web|url=http://www.openwebosproject.org/opensource/packages.html|title=Open Source Packages: HP webOS open source compliance|website=openwebosproject.org|access-date=October 28, 2013|archive-date=October 30, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131030012743/http://www.openwebosproject.org/opensource/packages.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> This page also serves as a reference listing of the versions of webOS that have been publicly released.
=== Phones ===
* [[Palm Pre]]
* [[Palm Pixi]]
* [[Palm Pre Plus]]
* [[Palm Pixi Plus]]
* [[Palm Pre 2]]
* [[HP Veer]]
* [[HP Pre 3]]


In 2011, [[Enyo (software)|Enyo]] replaced Mojo, released in June 2009, as the [[software development kit]] (SDK).<ref>{{cite web|author=Jesse Mendoza|title=HP Rolls Out webOS 3.0 Beta with Enyo On Board|date=March 30, 2010|url=http://www.webosroundup.com/2011/03/hp-rolls-out-webos-3-0-beta-with-enyo-on-board|access-date=April 3, 2011|archive-date=April 4, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110404061738/http://www.webosroundup.com/2011/03/hp-rolls-out-webos-3-0-beta-with-enyo-on-board/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
=== Tablets ===
* [[HP TouchPad]]
* [[HP TouchPad Go]]


{{See also|webOS version history}}
=== Televisions ===
* [http://www.lg.com/us/tvs/all-tvs/view-all LG Smart TV's]


=== Watch ===
==Hardware==
[[File:LG Watch Urbane LTE (16950018369).jpg|thumb|LG Watch Urbane LTE running LG webOS]]
* [http://www.cnet.com/products/lg-watch-urbane-lte LG Watch Urbane LTE]


{| class="wikitable"
== See also ==
|-
!webOS version
!Type
!Device
!Release date
!{{abbr|Ref.|Reference}}
|-
| rowspan="11" |HP/Palm webOS
| rowspan="7" |Phones
|[[Palm Pre]]
Pre Plus
|June 6, 2009,
January 25, 2010
|<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/history-of-the-palm-pre-2011-8|title=The Short, Sad, And Painful History Of The Palm Pre|work=Business Insider|access-date=June 24, 2018}}</ref>
|-
|[[Palm Pixi]]
Pixi Plus
|November 15, 2009,
January 7, 2010
|<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.networkworld.com/article/2248309/smartphones/meet-the-palm-pixi--the-newest-webos-smartphone.html |title=Meet the Palm Pixi: The Newest webOS Smartphone |last=Mies |first=Ginny |work=Network World |access-date=June 24, 2018 |archive-date=June 24, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180624150921/https://www.networkworld.com/article/2248309/smartphones/meet-the-palm-pixi--the-newest-webos-smartphone.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|[[Palm Pre 2]]
|October 22, 2010
|<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2011/01/06/review_smartphone_palm_pre_2/|title=Palm Pre 2 WebOS 2.0 smartphone|access-date=June 24, 2018 }}</ref>
|-
|[[HP Veer]]
|August 18, 2011
|<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.pcworld.com/article/227377/hp_veer_4g_att.html|title=HP Veer 4G: A Supercompact WebOS Phone|work=PCWorld|access-date=June 24, 2018 }}</ref>
|-
|[[HP Pre 3]]
|August 18, 2011
|<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.engadget.com/2011/09/24/pre-3-for-atandt-review/|title=Pre 3 for AT&T review|work=Engadget|access-date=June 24, 2018 }}</ref>
|-
|WindsorNot
| rowspan="2" {{n/a|Canceled}}
|<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theverge.com/2014/1/2/5264580/the-lost-secrets-of-webos|title=The lost secrets of webOS|work=The Verge|access-date=June 29, 2018 }}</ref>
|-
|Mako
|<ref name=":0" />
|-
| rowspan="4" |Tablets
|[[HP TouchPad]]
|July 1, 2011
|<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://gizmodo.com/5756098/hp-touchpad-is-their-10-inch-webos-tablet |title=HP TouchPad Is Their 10-inch webOS Tablet |last=Chen |first=Jason |work=Gizmodo |access-date=June 24, 2018 }}</ref>
|-
|[[HP TouchPad#Other models|HP TouchPad Go]]
| rowspan="3" {{n/a|Canceled}}
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theverge.com/products/touchpad-go/3998|title=TouchPad Go {{!}} HP - The Verge|website=www.theverge.com|access-date=June 24, 2018|archive-date=June 24, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180624175043/https://www.theverge.com/products/touchpad-go/3998|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|Sapphire
|<ref name=":0" />
|-
|Twain
|<ref name=":0" />
|-
| rowspan="5" |LG webOS
| rowspan="2" |Televisions
|LG smart TV models
| rowspan="3" {{varies}}
|<ref name="LG-Smart-TVs2">{{cite web|url=http://www.lg.com/us/experience-tvs/smart-tv/use|title=LG webOS TV Smart+|website=LG.com|publisher=LG Corporation|access-date=August 28, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/johnarcher/2017/01/03/lgs-webos-smart-tv-system-just-got-even-better/|title=LG's WebOS Smart TV System Just Got Even Better|last=Archer|first=John|work=Forbes|access-date=June 24, 2018 }}</ref>
|-
|LG smart laser projector
|<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2017/5/31/15719160/lg-probeam-laser-projector-hf80ja|title=LG has released an affordable laser projector|work=The Verge|access-date=June 24, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2016/12/20/14022516/lg-probeam-portable-projector-2000-lumens|title=LG combines webOS, lasers, and lumens into another reason to replace your TV|work=The Verge|access-date=June 24, 2018}}</ref>
|-
|
|FOX TVs (Serbia)
|
|-
|Refrigerators
|LG smart fridge models
|
|<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2018/1/7/16860260/lg-instaview-thinq-smart-refrigerator-webos-alexa-home-ces-2018|title=LG's new smart fridge features a transparent 29-inch touchscreen|work=The Verge|access-date=June 24, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theverge.com/ces/2017/1/4/14166240/lg-webos-amazon-alexa-fridge-announce-ces-2017|title=LG put webOS and Amazon Alexa on a fridge|work=The Verge|access-date=June 24, 2018}}</ref>
|-
|Watches
|[[LG Watch Urbane|LG Watch Urbane LTE]]
|April 27, 2015
|<ref name="Byford">{{cite web|url=https://www.theverge.com/2015/3/1/8128483/lg-watch-urbane-lte-hands-on|title=Our first look at LG's new webOS and Android Wear smartwatches|last=Byford|first=Sam|date=March 1, 2015|website=[[The Verge]]|access-date=August 28, 2016}}</ref><ref name="Benson">{{cite web|url=http://www.androidauthority.com/urbane-lte-impressions-lgs-little-known-webos-617814/|title=Watch Urbane LTE impressions: LG's little known webOS experiment|last=Benson|first=Matthew|date=June 23, 2015|website=Android Authority|access-date=August 28, 2016}}</ref><ref name="Reed">{{cite web|url=https://bgr.com/2015/03/05/lg-watch-urbane-lte-webos/|title=I can't believe I'm saying this but… webOS looks like a great smartwatch platform|last=Reed|first=Brad|date=March 5, 2015|website=[[Boy Genius Report|BGR]]|access-date=August 28, 2016}}</ref>
|-
|LG webOS HUB
|Televisions
|Hyundai smart TV models
|Unknown
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Smart TV WebOs 60" definición 4k |url=https://tiendahyundai.com.co/producto/smart-tv-web-os-hub-60-4k-asistente-de-voz/ |access-date=July 17, 2024 |language=es}}</ref>
|}

==See also==
{{Portal|Free and open-source software
}}
* [[List of smart TV platforms and middleware software]]
* [[List of smart TV platforms and middleware software]]
* [[Enyo (software)|Enyo]]
* [[Enyo (software)|Enyo]]
* [[Mobile platform]]
* [[Mobile platform]]
* [[Access Linux Platform]]
* [[Access Linux Platform]]
* [[LuneOS]]
* [[List of WebOS devices]]


== Notes ==
==References==
{{Reflist|group=note}}
{{Reflist|30em}}

== References ==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category}}
{{Commons category}}
*[https://webosose.org webOS Open Source Edition (LG)]
* [http://www.hpwebos.com/ HPWebOS.com]
*[https://webos.developer.lge.com webOS Developer Center]
* [http://www.openwebosproject.org/ Open WebOS]
* [https://developer.palm.com/ WebOS Developer Center]
* [https://webostv.developer.lge.com/ LG webOS TV Developer Center]
* [https://www.lgwebos.co.il/ LG webOS TV Israel]
* [http://opensource.palm.com WebOS Source Code Downloads]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20211130034118/http://webosauto.swsolutions.lge.com/ webOS Auto Developer Center]
* [http://www.webos-internals.org/ WebOS Internals Wiki]


{{Television and Home theater operating systems}}
{{Mobile operating systems}}
{{Mobile operating systems}}
{{LG Electronics}}
{{LG Electronics}}
Line 247: Line 282:
{{Linux}}
{{Linux}}


[[Category:WebOS| ]]
{{DEFAULTSORT:webos}}
[[Category:2009 software]]
[[Category:2009 software]]
[[Category:ARM operating systems]]
[[Category:ARM operating systems]]
[[Category:WebOS]]
[[Category:HP software]]
[[Category:LG Electronics]]
[[Category:LG Electronics]]
[[Category:Mobile Linux]]
[[Category:Mobile Linux]]
[[Category:Mobile operating systems]]
[[Category:Mobile operating systems]]
[[Category:Palm, Inc.]]
[[Category:Palm, Inc.]]
[[Category:Smartphones]]
[[Category:Smart TV]]
[[Category:Smartphone operating systems]]
[[Category:Software based on WebKit]]
[[Category:Software based on WebKit]]
[[Category:Tablet operating systems]]
[[Category:Tablet operating systems]]
[[Category:Television operating systems]]

Latest revision as of 13:48, 28 December 2024

webOS
DeveloperLG Electronics,
previously Hewlett-Packard & Palm
Written inC++, Qt[1]
OS familyLinux (Unix-like)
Working stateCurrent
Source modelSource-available
Latest release
  • LG TV: 24
  • Open-source: 2.27.0
  • HP TouchPad: 3.0.5
  • Palm Pre: 2.2.4
Marketing targetEmbedded devices
PlatformsARM
Kernel typeMonolithic (Linux kernel)
Default
user interface		Graphical (Luna)
LicenseApache License
Preceded byPalm OS (phones)
NetCast (smart TVs)
Official websiteOpen-source website
Developer website

webOS, also known as LG webOS and previously known as Open webOS, HP webOS and Palm webOS,[2] is a Linux kernel-based multitasking operating system for smart devices such as smart TVs that has also been used as a mobile operating system. Initially developed by Palm, Inc. (which was acquired by Hewlett-Packard), HP made the platform open source, at which point it became Open webOS.

The operating system was later sold to LG Electronics, and was made primarily a smart TV operating system for LG televisions as a successor to NetCast. In January 2014, Qualcomm announced that it had acquired technology patents from HP, which included all the webOS and Palm patents; LG licenses them to use in their devices.

Various versions of webOS have been featured on several devices since launching in 2009, including Pre, Pixi, and Veer smartphones, TouchPad tablet, LG's smart TVs since 2014, LG's smart refrigerators and smart projectors since 2017.

History

[edit]

2009–2010: Launch by Palm

[edit]

Palm launched webOS, then called Palm webOS, in January 2009 as the successor to Palm OS. The first webOS device was the original Palm Pre, released by Sprint in June 2009. The Palm Pixi followed.[citation needed]

2010–2013: Acquisition by HP; the launch of Open webOS

[edit]

In April 2010, HP acquired Palm. The acquisition of Palm was initiated while Mark Hurd was CEO, however he resigned shortly after the acquisition was completed. Later, webOS was described by new HP CEO Leo Apotheker as a key asset and motivation for the purchase. The $1.2 billion acquisition was finalized in June. HP indicated its intention to develop the webOS platform for use in multiple new products, including smartphones, tablets, and printers.[3]

HP executives demonstrating webOS devices in 2011

In February 2011, HP announced that it would use webOS as the universal platform for all its devices.[4] However, HP also made the decision[5] that the Palm Pre, Palm Pixi, and the "Plus" revisions would not receive over-the-air updates to webOS 2.0,[6] despite a previous commitment to an upgrade "in coming months."[7] HP announced several webOS devices, including the HP Veer and HP Pre 3 smartphones, running webOS 2.2, and the HP TouchPad, a tablet computer released in July 2011 that runs webOS 3.0.

In March 2011, HP announced plans for a version of webOS by the end of 2011 to run within Windows,[8] and to be installed on all HP desktop and notebook computers in 2012.[9] Neither ever materialized, although work had begun on an x86 port around this time involving a team in Fort Collins, Colorado; work was scrapped later in the year.[citation needed]

In August 2011, HP announced that it was interested in selling its Personal Systems Group, responsible for all of its consumer PC products, including webOS, and that webOS device development and production lines would be halted.[10][11][12] It remained unclear whether HP would consider licensing webOS software to other manufacturers. When HP reduced the price of the Touchpad to $99, the existing inventory quickly sold out.[13]

The HP Pre 3 was launched in select areas of Europe, and US-based units were available only through unofficial channels (both AT&T and Verizon canceled their orders just prior to delivery after Apotheker's (HP's CEO at the time) announcement.[14] Notably, these US Pre 3 units, having been released through unofficial channels, lacked both warranties and carried no support obligation from HP; as a result parts are nearly impossible to come by. HP announced that it would continue to issue updates for the HP Veer and HP TouchPad, but these updates have failed to materialize for the former, and the latter saw a final, unofficial release called "webOS CE" that contained only open-sourced components of webOS meant for what remained of the developer community rather than a conventional, user-centric update to the operating system. The last HP webOS version, 3.0.5, was released on January 12, 2012.[15]

In December 2011, after abandoning the TouchPad and the proposed sale of the HP Personal Systems Group, HP announced it would release webOS source code in the near future under an open-source license.[16] In August 2012, code specific to the existing devices was released as webOS Community Edition (CE), with support for the existing HP hardware.[17] Open webOS includes open source libraries designed to target a wider range of hardware. HP renamed its webOS unit as "Gram".[18][19]

In February 2012, HP released Isis, a new web browser for Open webOS.[20]

Growth and decline of HP App Catalog

[edit]

The HP App Catalog was an app store for apps for the mobile devices running webOS.

On June 6, 2009, webOS launched on the Palm Pre with 18 available apps. The number of apps grew to 30 by June 17, 2009,[21] with 1 million cumulative downloads by June 27, 2009;[22] 30 official and 31 unofficial apps by July 13, 2009;[23] 1,000 official apps by January 1, 2010;[24] 4,000 official apps September 29, 2010;[25] and 10,002 official apps on December 9, 2011.[26][failed verification]

Subsequently, the number of available apps decreased because many apps were withdrawn from the App Catalog by their owners. Examples include the apps for The New York Times and Pandora Radio. After a Catalog splash screen on November 11, 2014, announcing its deprecation, the HP App Catalog servers were permanently shut down on March 15, 2015. The number of functional apps remaining at that time is unknown but was probably much lower due to the imminent abandonment of the project.[27]

2013–present: Acquisition by LG; open-source edition launch

[edit]

On February 25, 2013, HP announced that it was selling webOS to LG Electronics for use on its web-enabled smart TVs, replacing its previous NetCast platform.[28][29] Under the agreement LG Electronics owns the documentation, source code, developers and all related websites. However, HP would still hold on to patents from Palm as well as cloud-based services such as the App Catalog.[30] In 2014, HP sold its webOS patents to Qualcomm.[31]

As well as its use as an OS for smart TVs, LG has expanded its use to various Internet of things devices. As a starting point, LG showcased a LG Wearable Platform OS (webOS) smartwatch in early 2015.[32] At CES 2017, LG announced a smart refrigerator with webOS.[33]

On March 19, 2018, LG announced an open-source edition of webOS.[34] This edition would allow developers to download the source code for free as well as take advantage of related tools, guides, and forums on its new open source website to become more familiar with webOS and its inherent benefits as a smart device's platform. LG hopes that this will help its goal of advancing its philosophy of open platform, open partnership and open connectivity.[35]

Features

[edit]

The webOS mobile platform introduced some innovative features, such as the cards interface and the gesture navigation, that are now standard in mobile operating systems such as iOS, Windows Phone, and Android.[36][37]

Logo history
Palm webOS logo
HP webOS logo
Open webOS logo
LG webOS logo
Features from releases of webOS
Feature LG webOS Open webOS HP/Palm webOS
Multitasking interface Line cards Cards
Gesture interface Magic Remote touch screen and physical keyboard
App store LG Content Store No HP App Catalog
Over-the-air updates Yes
Service discovery Connect SDK No zeroconf / Touch to Share
Open source Partial[38] Yes Partial[39]

HP/Palm webOS

[edit]
Screenshot of Palm webOS Launcher (2010)

Multitasking interface

[edit]

Navigation uses multi-touch gestures on the touchscreen. The interface uses "cards" to manage multitasking and represent apps. The user switches between running apps with a flick from left and right on the screen. Apps are closed by flicking a "card" up—and "off"—the screen. The app "cards" can be rearranged for organization. webOS 2.0 introduced 'stacks', where related cards could be "stacked" together.

Synergy

[edit]

Palm referred to integration of information from many sources as "Synergy." Users can sign into multiple email accounts from different providers and integrate all of these sources into a single list. Similar capabilities pull together calendars and also instant messages and SMS text messages from multiple sources.[40]

Over-the-air updates

[edit]

The OS can be updated without docking to a PC, instead receiving OS updates over the carrier connection.

Notifications

[edit]

The notification area is located on the bottom portion of the screen on phones, and on the top status bar area on tablets.

On phones, when a notification comes in, it slides in from the bottom of the screen. Due to the resizable nature of the Mojo and Enyo application frameworks, the app usually resizes itself to allow unhindered use while the notification is displayed. After the notification slides away, it usually remains as an icon. The user can then tap on the icons to expand them. Notifications can then be dismissed (sliding off the screen), acted upon (tapping), or left alone.

Sync

[edit]

By default, data sync uses a cloud-based approach rather than using a desktop sync client. The first version of webOS shipped with the ability to sync with Apple's iTunes software by masquerading as an Apple device, but this feature was disabled by subsequent iTunes software updates.

Third-party applications

[edit]

On HP webOS, officially vetted third-party apps are accessible to be installed on the device from the HP App Catalog.[41]

As HP webOS replaced Palm OS, Palm commissioned MotionApps to code and develop an emulator called Classic, to enable backward compatibility to Palm OS apps. This operates with webOS version 1.0. Palm OS emulation was discontinued in WebOS version 2.0.[42] MotionApps disengaged from Classic in 2010, citing HP Palm as "disruptive."[43]

Another source of applications is homebrew software.[44][45] Homebrew apps are not directly supported by HP. Programs used to distribute homebrew webOS apps include webOS Quick Install (Java-based sideloader for desktop computers) and Preware (a homebrew webOS app catalog, which must be sideloaded). If software problems do occur after installing homebrew programs, "webOS Doctor" (provided by HP) can restore a phone back to factory settings and remove changes made by homebrew apps and patches.[46]

Developer Mode

[edit]

Developer mode allows for developer access of the device and is also used for digital forensic investigations. It can be accessed by typing webos20090606 on the device’s keyboard, or on some devices typing upupdowndownleftrightleftrightbastart (a reference to the Konami code) on the cards view. Once in developer mode, data on the system partition can be accessed freely, even if the device was locked.[47][48]

LG webOS

[edit]

Smart TV features

[edit]

LG has redesigned the UI of webOS, maintaining the card UI as a feature called "Simple switching" between open TV apps. The other two features promoted by the company are a simple connection (using an animated Clippy-like character called Beanbird to aid the user through setup), and simple discovery.

Platform

[edit]

Underneath the graphical user interface, webOS has much in common with mainstream Linux distributions. Versions 1.0 to 2.1 use a patched Linux 2.6.24 kernel.[49]

The list of open-source components used by the different releases of webOS, as well as the source code of and patches applied to each component, is available at the Palm Open Source webpage.[49] This page also serves as a reference listing of the versions of webOS that have been publicly released.

In 2011, Enyo replaced Mojo, released in June 2009, as the software development kit (SDK).[50]

See also: webOS version history

Hardware

[edit]
LG Watch Urbane LTE running LG webOS
webOS version Type Device Release date Ref.
HP/Palm webOS Phones Palm Pre

Pre Plus

June 6, 2009,

January 25, 2010

[51]
Palm Pixi

Pixi Plus

November 15, 2009,

January 7, 2010

[52]
Palm Pre 2 October 22, 2010 [53]
HP Veer August 18, 2011 [54]
HP Pre 3 August 18, 2011 [55]
WindsorNot Canceled [56]
Mako [56]
Tablets HP TouchPad July 1, 2011 [57]
HP TouchPad Go Canceled [58]
Sapphire [56]
Twain [56]
LG webOS Televisions LG smart TV models Varies [59][60]
LG smart laser projector [61][62]
FOX TVs (Serbia)
Refrigerators LG smart fridge models [63][64]
Watches LG Watch Urbane LTE April 27, 2015 [65][66][67]
LG webOS HUB Televisions Hyundai smart TV models Unknown [68]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "QtWS15- Bringing LG webOS and Qt to millions of smartTVs". YouTube. October 12, 2015. Archived from the original on December 15, 2021.
  2. ^ "HP webOS Developer FAQ". Palm, Inc. Archived from the original on March 18, 2012. Retrieved May 15, 2011.
  3. ^ Bajarin, Ben (June 30, 2011). "HP Is Committed to Its 'webOS' Platform (and It Should Be)". Time. TechLand. Time Inc. Retrieved November 27, 2013.
  4. ^ "HP snubs Windows, plans to integrate webOS into PCs". Digital Trends. February 9, 2011. Retrieved June 14, 2013.
  5. ^ "Thanks (really!) for the feedback". Hewlett Packard. Archived from the original on July 18, 2011. Retrieved February 14, 2011.
  6. ^ "HP Breaks Promise: webOS 2.0 Upgrades for Palm Pre and Pixi Not Coming". Brighthand.com. Retrieved February 13, 2011.
  7. ^ Hardy, Ed (November 20, 2010). "HP Commits to webOS 2.0 Upgrades for All Palm Smartphones". Brighthand.com. Retrieved November 27, 2013.
  8. ^ Hollister, Sean (March 14, 2011). "HP TouchPad Coming June, webOS for PC Beta by Year's End". Engadget. AOL Inc. Retrieved November 27, 2013.
  9. ^ "Apotheker Seeks to Save HP's 'Lost Soul' With Software Growth". BusinessWeek. Bloomberg L.P. March 9, 2011. Archived from the original on March 11, 2011. Retrieved March 9, 2011.
  10. ^ "Developing and Distributing with HP: Developer Program Details". palm.com. Hewlett-Packard Development Company. 2010. Archived from the original on December 1, 2010.
  11. ^ "HP Confirms Discussions with Autonomy Corporation plc Regarding Possible Business Combination; Makes Other Announcements". Press release. August 18, 2011. Retrieved August 18, 2011.
  12. ^ "HP kills webOS, spins off PC business to focus on software". AppleInsider. August 11, 2011. Retrieved August 18, 2011.
  13. ^ "$99 HP TouchPad Selling Out During Fire Sale". PCWorld. Retrieved August 7, 2017.
  14. ^ Fried, Ina (August 22, 2011). "HP: webOS Still Coming to PCs and Printers, Pre3 Launching in "Limited" Markets". AllThingsD. Dow Jones & Company. Retrieved August 24, 2011.
  15. ^ Ziegler, Chris (January 12, 2012). "HP TouchPad updated to webOS 3.0.5". The Verge. Retrieved August 7, 2017.
  16. ^ "HP to Contribute webOS to Open Source". HP.com (Press release). Hewlett-Packard. December 9, 2011. Retrieved December 10, 2011.
  17. ^ Paul, Ryan (August 3, 2012). "HP releases more Open webOS code, including System Manager and core apps". arstechnica.com.
  18. ^ Hesseldahl, Arik (August 15, 2012). "Meet Gram, HP's New Name for the Company Formerly Known as Palm". All Things D. Retrieved August 17, 2012.
  19. ^ Musil, Steven (August 15, 2012). "HP spins off webOS business, rebranding it as 'Gram'". CNET. CBS Interactive. Retrieved December 5, 2012.
  20. ^ Kessler, Derek (February 14, 2012). "HP releases Open webOS' new browser Isis, JavaScript core, and Enyo UI widgets 34". Retrieved April 20, 2015.
  21. ^ Barletta, Bryan (June 18, 2009). "Palm Pre Prepared For The Spotlight?". Medialets, Inc. Archived from the original on November 10, 2017. Retrieved March 4, 2012.
  22. ^ Barletta, Bryan (June 24, 2009). "Palm Pre App Catalog Reaches 1 Million Downloads". Medialets, Inc. Archived from the original on November 10, 2017. Retrieved March 4, 2012.
  23. ^ Bohn, Dieter (July 10, 2009). "Palm Pre Homebrew: 31 Apps. Official App Catalog: 30". PreCentral.net. Smartphone Experts. Archived from the original on October 6, 2011. Retrieved March 4, 2012.
  24. ^ Werlinger, Robert (January 1, 2010). "App Catalog Hits 1000 apps". webOS Nation. Archived from the original on October 6, 2011. Retrieved April 27, 2012.
  25. ^ Bohn, Dieter (September 29, 2010). "webOS surpasses 5,000 apps". webOS Nation. Retrieved April 27, 2012.
  26. ^ Touchpad breaks 1,000 app milestone. webOSNation.com, December 9, 2011.
  27. ^ Ziegler, Chris (June 5, 2012). "Pre to Postmortem: the Inside Story of the Death of Palm and webOS". The Verge. Retrieved November 10, 2018.
  28. ^ "Gram working with LG on an Open webOS TV". webOS Nation. October 24, 2012.
  29. ^ "LG Electronics Acquires webOS from HP to Enhance Smart TV". Press Release: February 25, 2013. Hewlett-Packard. February 25, 2013. Retrieved June 14, 2013.
  30. ^ "HP offloads Palm webOS assets to Korea's LG". BBC News. February 26, 2013. Retrieved February 26, 2013.
  31. ^ Qualcomm purchases Palm patents from HP USA Today January 24, 2014. Retrieved February 22, 2016
  32. ^ Patel, Nilay (February 25, 2013). "HP Emerges as Big Winner in webOS Sale". The Verge. Vox Media. Retrieved January 6, 2014.
  33. ^ LG at CES 2017 – LG InstaView Door-in-Door Refrigerator. LG Global. January 6, 2017. Retrieved September 13, 2017.
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