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{{Short description|1994 American horror film by John Carpenter}}
{{about|the John Carpenter film|the [[Luni Coleone]] album|In the Mouth of Madness (album)}}
{{hatnote group|{{about|the film|other uses}}
{{lead too short|date=January 2014}}
{{redirect-distinguish|Sutter Cane|Sutter Kain}}}}
{{Infobox film
{{Infobox film
| name = In the Mouth of Madness
| name = In the Mouth of Madness
Line 6: Line 7:
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[John Carpenter]]
| director = [[John Carpenter]]
| producer = Sandy King
| producer = [[Sandy King (producer)|Sandy King]]
| writer = [[Michael De Luca]]
| writer = [[Michael De Luca]]
| starring = [[Sam Neill]]<br />[[Julie Carmen]]<br />[[Jürgen Prochnow]]<br />[[Charlton Heston]]
| starring = {{Plainlist|
* [[Sam Neill]]
* [[Julie Carmen]]
* [[Jürgen Prochnow]]
* [[Charlton Heston]]}}
| music = John Carpenter<br />[[Jim Lang (composer)|Jim Lang]]
| music = {{Plainlist|
* John Carpenter
* [[Jim Lang (composer)|Jim Lang]]
}}
| cinematography = Gary B. Kibbe
| cinematography = [[Gary B. Kibbe]]
| editing = Edward A. Warschilka
| editing = Edward A. Warschilka
| distributor = [[New Line Cinema]]
| distributor = [[New Line Cinema]]
| released = {{Film date|1995|2|3}}
| released = {{Film date|1994|12|10|Italy|1995|2|3|United States}}
| runtime = 95 minutes
| runtime = 95 minutes
| country = United States
| country = United States
Line 20: Line 28:
| gross = $8.9 million (domestic)<ref name="Mojo"/>
| gross = $8.9 million (domestic)<ref name="Mojo"/>
}}
}}
'''''In the Mouth of Madness''''' (also known as '''''John Carpenter's In the Mouth of Madness''''') is a 1995 American [[Lovecraftian horror]] [[horror film|film]] directed and scored by [[John Carpenter]] and written by [[Michael De Luca]]. It stars [[Sam Neill]], [[Julie Carmen]], [[Jürgen Prochnow]], [[David Warner (actor)|David Warner]] and [[Charlton Heston]]. Informally, the film is the third installment in what Carpenter calls his ''Apocalypse Trilogy'', preceded by ''[[The Thing (1982 film)|The Thing]]'' and ''[[Prince of Darkness (film)|Prince of Darkness]]''.
'''''In the Mouth of Madness''''' is a 1994 American [[horror film|supernatural horror film]] directed and scored by [[John Carpenter]] and written by [[Michael De Luca]]. It stars [[Sam Neill]], [[Julie Carmen]], [[Jürgen Prochnow]], [[David Warner (actor)|David Warner]] and [[Charlton Heston]]. Neill stars as John Trent, an [[insurance investigator]] who visits a small town while looking into the disappearance of a successful author of [[horror novel]]s, and begins to question his sanity as the lines between reality and fiction seem to blur. Informally, the film is the third installment in what Carpenter refers to as his "Apocalypse Trilogy", preceded by ''[[The Thing (1982 film)|The Thing]]'' (1982) and ''[[Prince of Darkness (film)|Prince of Darkness]]'' (1987).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theverge.com/2012/9/2/3279482/the-classics-john-carpenter-apocalypse-trilogy|title=The Classics: John Carpenter's 'Apocalypse Trilogy'|last=Topolsky|first=Joshua|date=2012-09-02|website=The Verge|access-date=2019-02-20}}</ref>


''In the Mouth of Madness'' pays tribute to the works of author [[H. P. Lovecraft]] in its exploration of [[insanity]], and its title is derived from the Lovecraft novella ''[[At the Mountains of Madness]]''. Distributed by [[New Line Cinema]], ''In the Mouth of Madness'' received mixed reviews upon release.
== Plot ==


==Plot==
Dr. Wrenn ([[David Warner (actor)|David Warner]]) visits John Trent ([[Sam Neill]]), a patient in a psychiatric hospital, and asks Trent to recount his story:
<!-- Please review [[WP:FILMPLOT]] before adding material. Plot summaries should not exceed 700 words. -->
In New York City, [[insurance investigator]] John Trent narrowly survives an attack by an axe-wielding man with deformed pupils. John investigates a claim by book publisher Arcane regarding the disappearance of acclaimed horror author Sutter Cane, whose latest novel, ''In the Mouth of Madness'', is due for release. Arcane's director, Jackson Harglow, assigns Sutter's editor, Linda Styles, to assist John, who believes their claim is an elaborate [[publicity stunt]].


John realizes Sutter's book covers form a map to the fictional town of Hobb's End, New Hampshire, the setting of Sutter's stories. John and Linda set out to find the location. While he sleeps during the drive, Linda experiences surreal phenomena, including passing a young cyclist who later appears as an elderly man, and the road disappearing. After abruptly arriving in Hobb's End, the pair encounter landmarks from Sutter's novels, and check in at the local hotel run by Mrs. Pickner, one of his characters. John suspects the experience is staged, but Linda admits that while Sutter's disappearance was a hoax, the current events are not. The pair visit the church, which Sutter's books describe as built on a site of ancient evil predating humanity, filled with unimaginable pain and suffering. Linda seemingly predicts the arrival of enraged townspeople demanding the return of their missing children.
After exposing an [[insurance fraud|arson-fraud scam]], Trent, an insurance investigator, has lunch with a colleague who preps him on his next assignment, investigating a claim made by [[New York]]-based Arcane Publishing. During their conversation, Trent is attacked by a man wielding an axe who, after asking him if he reads Sutter Cane, is shot dead by a police officer before he can harm Trent.


At the hotel, Linda claims that events are unfolding as described in Sutter's new novel, which depicts the end of everything. Linda returns to the church and confronts Sutter, who exposes her to his unfinished manuscript, which drives her insane. Sutter confesses that he believed his stories were fictional, but later realized "they" had been guiding him. Disoriented, Linda returns to the hotel, where she and Mrs. Pickner transform into monsters, forcing John to flee. Outside, he is confronted by a mob of mutated townsfolk and seeks refuge in a bar, where one of the residents commits suicide, stating he was written to do so. John attempts to escape Hobb's End, but is repeatedly teleported back to the town's center. After crashing his car in frustration, he awakens inside the church, where he is met by Linda and Sutter.
Trent later meets with Arcane Publishing director Jackson Harglow ([[Charlton Heston]]) who tasks him with investigating the disappearance of popular [[horror fiction|horror]] [[novelist]] Sutter Cane ([[Jürgen Prochnow]]), and recovering the manuscript for Cane's final novel. He assigns Cane's editor, Linda Styles ([[Julie Carmen]]), to accompany him.


Sutter explains that the sheer number of people who believe in his work has made his narratives real, dissolving the boundaries between reality and fantasy and enabling the return of the "[[Cthulhu Mythos deities#Great Old Ones|old ones]]". He claims to have written both Hobb's End and John into existence, and John, as written, must deliver the completed manuscript to Arcane, and bring about the end of the world. John rejects the idea that he is a fictional creation, but Sutter instructs him to follow a tunnel back to reality. Sutter then tears himself apart, creating a portal through which the old ones begin to emerge. Linda refuses to escape with John, explaining that she has already read the ending. John flees, pursued by monstrous entities, and suddenly finds himself waking up on a country road.
Linda explains the stories are known to cause disorientation, memory loss, and paranoia in "less stable readers." Trent remains skeptical, convinced that the disappearance is merely an elaborate [[publicity stunt]]. Trent notices a series of red lines on Cane's book's covers that, when aligned properly, form the outline of [[New Hampshire]] and mark a location alluded to be Hobb's End, the fictional setting for many of Cane's works.


John destroys the manuscript and returns to Arcane, where Jackson denies any knowledge of Linda. To his horror, Jackson reveals that John delivered the manuscript months earlier, and ''In the Mouth of Madness'' has since been published, with a film adaptation in production. Sometime later, a disheveled John encounters a Sutter fan with mutated eyes and kills him with an axe, leading to John's confinement in a mental asylum.
As they set out to find the town, Linda experiences bizarre phenomena during the late-night drive, inexplicably arriving at Hobb's End in daylight. Trent and Linda search the small town and begin encountering people and landmarks described as fictional in Cane's novels. Trent believes it all to be staged, but Linda disagrees. She admits to Trent that Arcane Publishing's claim was indeed a fraudulent stunt to promote Cane's book, but the time distortion and exact replica of Hobb's End were never part of the plan.


After recounting his story to a doctor, John concludes that humanity will soon be reduced to a myth "they" will tell their children. That night, inhuman screams echo through the asylum before his cell door is torn open. John discovers the facility abandoned and overhears a radio broadcast reporting an epidemic of extreme violence and mutations spreading worldwide, with entire cities lost. Wandering into a cinema, he watches the film adaptation of ''In the Mouth of Madness''. As scenes of his past actions unfold on screen—including his affirmation, "this is reality"—John breaks into hysterical laughter and tears, consumed by the surreal realization that he is a work of fiction.
Linda heads to a church to confront Cane, who exposes her to his final novel, ''In The Mouth of Madness'', which drives her insane, embracing and kissing Cane passionately. A man approaches Trent in a bar and warns him to leave, then commits suicide. Outside the bar, a mob of monstrous-looking townspeople descend upon him. Trent attempts to drive away from Hobb's End but is repeatedly teleported back to the center of town. After crashing his car, Trent awakens inside the church with Linda, where Cane explains that the public's belief in his stories have freed an ancient race of monstrous beings that will reclaim the Earth. Cane reveals that Trent himself is merely one of his characters who must follow Cane's plot and return the manuscript of ''In The Mouth of Madness'' to Arcane Publishing, ushering the end of humanity.
<!-- Please review [[WP:FILMPLOT]] before adding material. Plot summaries should not exceed 700 words. -->

After giving Trent the manuscript, Cane tears his face open, creating a portal to the dimension of Cane's monstrous masters. Trent and Linda flee down a long tunnel as monsters chase them; Linda offers to stay behind, to delay the unseen monsters and because she has already read the entire book. Trent continues running and suddenly finds himself lying on a country road, apparently back in reality. During his return to New York, Trent destroys the manuscript. Back at Arcane Publishing, Trent relates his experience to Harglow. Harglow claims complete ignorance of Linda; Trent was sent alone to find Cane, and the manuscript had already been delivered months previously. ''In The Mouth of Madness'' has been on sale for weeks with a [[Novel adaptation|film adaptation]] in [[post production]]. Trent is arrested after he murders a reader of the newly released novel, who has altered eyes and a nosebleed; Trent asks if he is enjoying the book, and when the dazed reader nods, Trent tells him he should not be surprised before swinging the axe.

After Trent finishes telling his story, Dr. Wrenn judges it a meaningless hallucination. Trent wakes the following day to find the asylum abandoned. He departs as a radio announces that the world has been overrun with monstrous creatures, and that outbreaks of suicide and mass murder are commonplace. Trent goes to see the ''In the Mouth of Madness'' film and discovers that he is the main character in the film. As he watches his previous actions play out on screen, including a scene where he insisted to Linda "This is reality!", Trent begins laughing hysterically before breaking down crying.


== Cast ==
== Cast ==
<!--- [[WP:NOTDATABASE]] - cast and order per opening stand-alone credits, roles per closing credits scroll --->
{{multiple image
| total_width = 400
| direction = horizontal
| align = right
| footer = [[Sam Neill]] (pictured in 2010), [[Julie Carmen]] (2009), and [[Jürgen Prochnow]] (2012)
| image1 = Sam Neill 2010.jpg
| alt1 = A photograph of Sam Neill
| image2 = Julie Carmen - blue.jpg
| alt2 = A photograph of Julie Carmen
| image3 = Jürgen Prochnow 2012.jpg
| alt3 = A photograph of Jürgen Prochnow
}}
* [[Sam Neill]] as John Trent
* [[Sam Neill]] as John Trent
* [[Julie Carmen]] as Linda Styles
* [[Julie Carmen]] as Linda Styles
Line 49: Line 69:
* [[Peter Jason]] as Mr. Paul
* [[Peter Jason]] as Mr. Paul
* [[Charlton Heston]] as Jackson Harglow
* [[Charlton Heston]] as Jackson Harglow

* [[Frances Bay]] as Mrs. Pickman
In addition, [[Frances Bay]] plays Mrs. Pickman, while [[Wilhelm von Homburg]] appears as Simon. [[Hayden Christensen]] makes his film debut, briefly seen as a paper boy.
* [[Wilhelm von Homburg]] as Simon
* [[Hayden Christensen]] as Paper Boy
* [[Sean Roberge]] as Desk Clerk
* [[Kieran Sells]] as Kid
* [[Kevin Zegers]] as Kid
* Katie Zegers as Kid


== Production ==
== Production ==
{{expand section|date=May 2015}}
{{expand section|date=June 2018}}
Michael De Luca wrote the script in the late 1980s and one of the first directors he offered it to was John Carpenter,<ref name="mouth"/> who initially passed on the project. New Line Cinema later announced production in 1989 with director [[Tony Randel]] attached to direct.<ref name="mouth">{{cite web|url=http://originalvidjunkie.blogspot.com/2015/02/newsploitation-in-mouth-of-box-office.html|title=Newsploitation: In the Mouth of Box Office Sadness|work=Video Junkie|last=Wilson|first=William S.|accessdate=2015-02-03|date=2015-02-03}}</ref> Later [[Mary Lambert]] was also attached to direct.<ref name="mouth"/> A few years later, Carpenter signed on as director in December 1992 and filming took place from August to October 1993.<ref name="mouth"/>
Michael De Luca wrote the script in the late 1980s and one of the first directors he offered it to was John Carpenter,<ref name="mouth"/> who initially passed on the project. New Line Cinema later announced production in 1989 with director [[Tony Randel]] to direct.<ref name="mouth">{{cite web|url=http://originalvidjunkie.blogspot.com/2015/02/newsploitation-in-mouth-of-box-office.html|title=Newsploitation: In the Mouth of Box Office Sadness|work=Video Junkie|last=Wilson|first=William S.|access-date=2015-02-03|date=2015-02-03}}</ref> Later, [[Mary Lambert (director)|Mary Lambert]] was also attached to direct.<ref name="mouth"/> Finally, Carpenter signed on as director in December, 1992, and filming took place from August to October, 1993.<ref name="mouth"/> The film had a budget of approximately $8 million.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Blyth |first=Michael |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9G9vEAAAQBAJ&q=%22in+the+mouth+of+madness%22 |title=In the Mouth of Madness |date=2018 |publisher=Liverpool University Press |isbn=978-1-80034-710-6 |language=en}}</ref>{{Rp|page=21}}


The exterior of the Black Church seen in Hobb's End is actually the [[Cathedral of the Transfiguration (Markham)|Cathedral of the Transfiguration]]. It is a Slovak Byzantine Rite Roman Catholic former cathedral located in [[Markham, Ontario]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theofficialjohncarpenter.com/pages/themovies/mm/mmstills/mmstills12.html|title=''In the Mouth of Madness'' production still|publisher=theofficialjohncarpenter.com|accessdate=2010-08-06}}</ref>
The town scenes in Hobb's End were filmed on [[Main Street Unionville]], and the exterior of the Black Church is actually the [[Cathedral of the Transfiguration (Markham)|Cathedral of the Transfiguration]]. Both are located in [[Markham, Ontario]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theofficialjohncarpenter.com/pages/themovies/mm/mmstills/mmstills12.html|title=''In the Mouth of Madness'' production still|website=Theofficialjohncarpenter.com|access-date=2010-08-06|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091016074422/http://www.theofficialjohncarpenter.com/pages/themovies/mm/mmstills/mmstills12.html|archive-date=2009-10-16}}</ref> The rest of the film was shot on location in [[Toronto, Ontario]] due to its unique mix of "New York skyscrapers and New England remoteness" according to Carpenter.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Jones |first1=Alan |title=John Carpenter, Directing In the Mouth of Madness a la H.P. Lovecraft. |journal=Cinefantastique |date=February 1995 |volume=26 |issue=2 |page=45}}</ref>

The visual effects for the film were done by [[Industrial Light & Magic]], and the practical effects (including creature prosthetics and animatronics) were done by the [[KNB EFX Group]]. It took seven weeks for KNB to create all the practical effects for the film, the biggest of which was an "eighteen-foot Wall of Monsters" that was mounted on rollers and operated by a crew of twenty-five people.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Timpone |first1=Anthony |title=Men, Makeup & Monsters: Hollywood's Masters of Illustion and FX |date=1996 |publisher=St. Martin's Griffin |isbn=978-0312146788 |page=159 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Jw9jo0--rXgC&dq=%22in+the+mouth+of+madness%22&pg=PA155 |access-date=1 November 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Longsdorf |first1=Amy |title=NORRISTOWN NATIVE'S WORK IS A REAL HORROR STORY |url=https://www.mcall.com/news/mc-xpm-1995-01-08-3026938-story.html |access-date=1 November 2021 |work=The Morning Call |date=January 8, 1995 |location=Allentown, PA |page=F01}}</ref> "We had under seven million [dollars] to spend on the picture", Carpenter said in 2001. "It was tough. The monsters had to be outrageous Lovecraftian demons, but in H.P. Lovecraft's novels, they are always so horrible that they are beyond description, that they are too terrifying to see. So how do you visualize something like that? Well, very, very quickly. They also had to be slightly cartoonish since Sam Neill spends most of the movie ridiculing horror only to discover it's all too real."<ref>{{cite book |last=Boulenger |first=Gilles |year=2003 |title=John Carpenter: The Prince of Darkness |edition=First US |place=[[Beverly Hills]], CA |publisher=Silman-James Press |isbn=1-879505-67-3 |page=232}}</ref>


=== Influences ===
=== Influences ===
''In the Mouth of Madness'' pays [[tribute]] to the work of seminal horror writer [[H. P. Lovecraft]], with many references to his stories and themes. Its title is a play on Lovecraft's novella, ''[[At the Mountains of Madness]],'' and [[insanity]] plays as great a role in the film as it does in Lovecraft's fiction. The opening scene depicts Trent's confinement in an [[psychiatric hospital|asylum]], with the bulk of the story told in [[flashback (literary technique)|flashback]], a common technique of Lovecraft. Reference is made to Lovecraftian settings and details (such as a character who shares the name of Lovecraft's [[Pickman's Model|Pickman]] family). Sutter Cane's novels have similar titles to H.P. Lovecraft stories: ''The Whisperer of the Dark'' (''The Whisperer in Darkness''), ''The Thing in the Basement'' (''The Thing on the Doorstep''), ''Haunter out of Time'' (''The Haunter of the Dark''/''The Shadow Out of Time''), and ''The Hobbs End Horror'' (''The Dunwich Horror''), the latter also referencing Hobbs End underground station from [[Nigel Kneale]]'s ''[[Quatermass and the Pit]].''
{{original research|section|date=July 2014}}

The film pays [[tribute]] to the work of seminal horror writer [[H. P. Lovecraft]], with many references to his stories and themes. Its title is a play on Lovecraft's novella, ''[[At the Mountains of Madness]]'', and [[insanity]] plays as great a role in the film, as it does in Lovecraft's fiction. The opening scene depicts Trent's confinement to an [[psychiatric hospital|asylum]], with the bulk of the story told in [[flashback (literary technique)|flashback]], a common technique of Lovecraft's. Reference is made to the [[Elder Thing|Old Ones]] of the [[Cthulhu Mythos]], and to Lovecraftian settings and details (such as a character that shares the name of Lovecraft's [[Pickman's Model|Pickman]] family). As read on-screen, Sutter Cane's writings even incorporate direct passages from his work.<ref>One of Sutter Cane's quotes is pulled directly from Lovecraft's work. Compare Lovecraft's original: "I did not shriek, but all the fiendish ghouls that ride the nightwind shrieked for me as in that same second there crashed down upon my mind a single and fleeting avalanche of soul-annihilating memory." (HP Lovecraft ''The Outsider''). And Sutter Cane's: "Trent's eyes refused to close, he did not shriek, but the hideous unholy abominations shrieked for him, as in the same second he saw them spill and tumble upwards out of an enormous carrion black pit, choked with the gleaming white bones of countless unhallowed centuries." 'Stygian' and 'Carrion black pit' are phrases that recur repeatedly in Lovecraft stories.{{or|date=July 2014}}</ref> Sutter Cane's novels have similar titles to H.P. Lovecraft stories : ''The Whisperer of the Dark'' (''The Whisperer in Darkness''), ''The Thing in the Basement'' (''Thing on the Doorstep''), ''Haunter out of Time'' (''The Haunter of the Dark''/''The Shadow Out of Time''), etc.
The film also can be seen as referencing [[Stephen King]], who, like Lovecraft, writes horror fiction set in New England hamlets. In fact, the characters even directly compare King (unfavorably) to Sutter Cane within the film itself.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://secure.deseretnews.com/movies/review/1,5208,864,00.html | archive-url=https://archive.today/20121217130116/https://secure.deseretnews.com/movies/review/1,5208,864,00.html | url-status=dead | archive-date=2012-12-17 | title=Deseret News: In the Mouth of Madness Review | author=Chris Hicks | date=1995-02-07 | access-date=2010-01-03 | publisher=Deseret News }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.deep-focus.com/flicker/inthemou.html |title=Review of 'In the Mouth of Madness' by Bryant Frazer |access-date=2009-07-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923213236/http://www.deep-focus.com/flicker/inthemou.html |archive-date=2015-09-23 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
Linda Styles tells Trent early in the film, "You can forget about Stephen King, Cane outsells them all!"

The film's main theme, heard during the opening credits, was inspired by the [[Metallica]] song "[[Enter Sandman]]". Carpenter had originally wanted to use the song, but was unable to secure the rights and instead composed his own theme, with the help of composer [[Jim Lang (composer)|Jim Lang]] and guitarist [[Dave Davies]] of [[The Kinks]].<ref>{{Cite web |author1=Louder |date=2019-10-31 |title=The stories behind John Carpenter's biggest horror themes |url=https://www.loudersound.com/features/the-stories-behind-john-carpenters-biggest-horror-themes |access-date=2022-05-22 |website=loudersound |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-03-20 |title=5 of John Carpenter's Best Themes |url=https://thescriptlab.com/features/screenwriting-101/8448-5-of-john-carpenters-best-themes/ |access-date=2022-05-22 |website=The Script Lab |language=en-US}}</ref>

==Release==
===Box office===
''In the Mouth of Madness'' premiered at Germany's Fantasy FilmFest on August 10, 1994<ref>{{Cite web |title=Timetable 1994 Frankfurt - Fantasy FilmFest Archiv |url=http://f3a.net/timetable.php?city=frankfurt&y=1994&event=fantasyfilmfest |access-date=2022-07-03 |website=f3a.net}}</ref> and was released in the United States on February 3, 1995. For its worldwide release, the film opened at the #4 spot and grossed $3,441,807 in 1,510 theaters in its first weekend. It fell to #7 in its second week before leaving the top 10 in week three. The film ended up grossing $8,924,549 on a budget ranging from $8 million to $14 million, making it a box-office failure.<ref name="Mojo">{{cite web | url=https://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=inthemouthofmadness.htm | title=In the Mouth of Madness (1995) &ndash; Box Office Mojo | website=BoxOfficeMojo.com | access-date=2010-01-03}}</ref>

===Critical reception===


On review aggregator [[Rotten Tomatoes]], ''In the Mouth of Madness'' holds an approval rating of 60% based on {{nowrap|50 reviews}}, with a [[weighted average]] rating of 5.8/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "If it fails to make the most of its intriguing premise, ''In the Mouth of Madness'' remains a decent enough diversion for horror fans and John Carpenter completists."<ref name="rottomatoes">{{cite web |title=In the Mouth of Madness (1995) - Rotten Tomatoes |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/in_the_mouth_of_madness/ |website=Rotten Tomatoes.com |publisher=Fandango Media |access-date=22 June 2024}}</ref> On [[Metacritic]] the film has a weighted average score of 53 out of 100 based on 17 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".<ref name="metacriticfilm">{{cite web |title=In the Mouth of Madness Reviews - Metacritic |url=http://www.metacritic.com/movie/in-the-mouth-of-madness?ftag=MCD-06-10aaa1c |website=Metacritic.com |publisher=Metacritic |access-date=21 June 2018}}</ref>
The film can also be seen as a reference to [[Stephen King]], who, like Lovecraft, writes horror fiction set in New England hamlets.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://secure.deseretnews.com/movies/review/1,5208,864,00.html | title=Deseret News: In the Mouth of Madness Review | author=Chris Hicks | date=1995-02-07 | accessdate=2010-01-03 | publisher=Deseret News}}</ref><ref>Frazer, Bryant. [http://www.deep-focus.com/flicker/inthemou.html In the Mouth of Madness]</ref> King is mentioned towards the beginning of the movie; it is suggested that Cane's work is more frightening than King's and that he outsells King.


Critics generally commended the film on its technical aspects, particularly its special effects, acting, and directing, but perceived it as being too complicated, confusing, pretentious, and underwhelming. [[Roger Ebert]] gave the film two out of four stars, saying that the film has an intriguing premise, but squanders it by relying on hackneyed jump scares and gore, taking the form of "a horror house movie, in which the protagonists creep along while creatures leap at them."<ref>{{cite web |last=Ebert |first=Roger |author-link=Roger Ebert |title=Reviews: In the Mouth of Madness |url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/in-the-mouth-of-madness-1995 |website=[[RogerEbert.com]] |access-date=21 November 2023 |date=February 3, 1995}}</ref> [[Gene Siskel]] gave the film the same rating,{{citation needed|date=November 2023}} as did [[James Berardinelli]], who said the film "comes close to doing something interesting but gets cold feet" and is "confusing, weird, and not very involving", comparing the film to buying an exotic sports car only to drive it slowly.{{citation needed|date=November 2023}} [[Lisa Schwarzbaum]], writing in ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]'', gave the film a C rating, remarking that "much of it [is] bloatedly self-indulgent and a small part wicked funny", with only a smattering of successful moments.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Schwarzbaum |first=Lisa |author-link=Lisa Schwarzbaum |title=In the Mouth of Madness |url=http://ew.com/article/1995/02/10/mouth-madness-2/ |magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]] |access-date=21 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171207214600/http://ew.com/article/1995/02/10/mouth-madness-2/ |archive-date=December 7, 2017 |date=February 10, 1995}}</ref>
== Release and reception ==
{{expand section|date=January 2014}}


In fully positive reviews from the time period, [[Kevin Thomas (film critic)|Kevin Thomas]] of the ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' called it "a thinking person's horror picture that dares to be as cerebral as it is visceral".<ref>{{cite news |last1=Thomas |first1=Kevin |title=Engrossing 'Madness' a Darkly Humorous Horror Movie |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/87787141/in-the-mouth-of-madness-review-by-kevin/ |work=Los Angeles Times |date=February 3, 1995 |page=B9 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> John Hartl of the [[Seattle Times]] also gave the film a positive review, saying it's "a stylized collection of well-timed shockers, helped along by the contributions of its capable cast."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hartl |first1=John |title='MADNESS': CARPENTER AT HIS NIGHTMARISH BEST |url=https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info%3Asid/infoweb.newsbank.com&svc_dat=AWNB&req_dat=0F974815D238C2C9&rft_val_format=info%3Aofi/fmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx&rft_dat=document_id%3Anews%252F0EB537B0CFDF2D50 |access-date=27 October 2021 |work=Seattle Times |date=February 3, 1995 |page=H31 |via=NewsBank |url-access=subscription}}</ref> ''[[The Chicago Reader]]'' gave it three stars, calling it "a must see".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://chicagoreader.com/film/carpenters-gothic/|title=Carpenter's Gothic |date=2 February 1995 }}</ref> In a later review, [[Chris Stuckmann]] also awarded the film with an "A," noting its ambition, creativity, and originality alongside Carpenter's direction.<ref name="Stuckmann">Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211212/fJEAhxNFqko Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20181031024606/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fJEAhxNFqko Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fJEAhxNFqko|title=In the Mouth of Madness - Movie Review|last=Stuckmann|first=Chris|date=30 October 2018|website=YouTube|access-date=25 October 2021}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Reel Film Reviews gave the film three out of four stars.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://reelfilm.com/john-carpenters-in-the-mouth-of-madness/|title=JOHN CARPENTER'S IN THE MOUTH OF MADNESS|last=Nusair|first=David|date=1 November 2018|website=Reel Film Reviews|access-date=25 October 2021}}</ref>
''In the Mouth of Madness'' was released in December 1994 in Italy, and February 3, 1995 in the U.S. In the U.S., it grossed $3,441,807 in its first weekend, and $8,946,600 total during its run.<ref name="Mojo">{{cite web | url=http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=IntheMouthofMadness.htm | title=In the Mouth of Madness (1995) &ndash; Box Office Mojo | publisher=BoxOfficeMojo.com | accessdate=2010-01-03}}</ref> It was a financial disappointment, but it did earn enough to cover the film's budget.


French magazine ''[[Cahiers du Cinéma]]'' listed the film as #10 on its 1995 Top 10 List.<ref>{{cite web|title=Top lists Cahiers du cinéma|url=http://alumnus.caltech.edu/~ejohnson/critics/cahiers.html#y1995|website=alumnus.caltech.edu|access-date=10 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120327102838/http://alumnus.caltech.edu/~ejohnson/critics/cahiers.html#y1995|archive-date=27 March 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>
The film received mixed critical reaction, with 14 positive reviews out of 29 tallied by [[Rotten Tomatoes]] for a score of 48%.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/in_the_mouth_of_madness/ | title=In the Mouth of Madness Movie Reviews, Pictures | accessdate=2010-01-03 | publisher=Rotten Tomatoes}}</ref> It was ranked the 10th best film of 1995 by ''[[Cahiers du cinéma]]''.<ref>[http://alumnus.caltech.edu/~ejohnson/critics/cahiers.html#y1995 Cahiers du Cinema/ Top Ten Lists 1951-2009 -> 1995]. Retrieved June 14, 2010.</ref>


== Awards ==
In their book ''[[Lurker in the Lobby: The Guide to the Cinema of H. P. Lovecraft|Lurker in the Lobby: A Guide to the Cinema of H. P. Lovecraft]]'', [[Andrew Migliore]] and John Strysik write: "No film reviewed in this book is so strongly divisive as ''In the Mouth of Madness''. This is a film people either love or hate – there seems to be no in-between. The film's weakness is the generic rock soundtrack composed and performed by director John Carpenter, and the disjointed script that apparently left the actors as confused as the plot. The film's strength is its Lovecraftian themes and the concept that the writer, Sutter Cane, is changing reality through his writings."<ref>[[Andrew Migliore]] & John Strysik, ''[[Lurker in the Lobby: The Guide to the Cinema of H. P. Lovecraft|Lurker in the Lobby: A Guide to the Cinema of H. P. Lovecraft]]'', Night Shade Books, February 1, 2006, ISBN 978-1892389350</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Award
! Category
! Nominee(s)
! Result
|-
|rowspan=2|[[22nd Saturn Awards]]
|Best Horror Film
|In the Mouth of Madness
|{{Nominated}}
|-
|Best Make-Up
|(K.N.B. EFX Group Inc.)
|{{Nominated}}
|-
|rowspan=2|[[Fantasporto]]
|Critics' Award
|John Carpenter
|{{Won}}
|-
|Best Film
|
|{{Nominated}}
|}


==Home media==
A [[Blu-ray Disc]] of the film by New Line Cinema was released on October 15, 2013.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.highdefdigest.com/news/show/Disc_Announcements/Warner_Brothers/In_the_Mouth_of_Madness_Dated_for_Blu-ray/11936 |title=High-Def Disc News → 'In the Mouth of Madness' Dated for Blu-ray |publisher=High-Def Digest |date=2013-06-13 |accessdate=2013-08-03 }}</ref>
Following the early [[VHS]] releases, a [[Blu-ray]] version of the film by New Line Cinema was released in 2013.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.highdefdigest.com/news/show/Disc_Announcements/Warner_Brothers/In_the_Mouth_of_Madness_Dated_for_Blu-ray/11936 |title=High-Def Disc News → 'In the Mouth of Madness' Dated for Blu-ray |publisher=High-Def Digest |date=2013-06-13 |access-date=2013-08-03 }}</ref> In 2016, the film was re-released on [[DVD]] by [[Warner Archive Collection]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wbshop.com/product/in+the+mouth+of+madness+%281995%29+%28mod%29+1000632436.do?sortby=ourPicks&refType=&from=Search|title=In the Mouth of Madness (1995) (MOD)|website=Wbshop.com|access-date=November 17, 2016|archive-date=October 23, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171023174201/http://www.wbshop.com/product/in+the+mouth+of+madness+%281995%29+%28mod%29+1000632436.do?sortby=ourPicks&refType=&from=Search|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2018, [[Shout! Factory]] re-released the film under its Scream Factory sub-label as a Collector's Edition Blu-ray.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.shoutfactory.com/product/in-the-mouth-of-madness-collector-s-edition?product_id=6770|title=In The Mouth Of Madness [Collector's Edition] - Blu-ray - Shout! Factory|website=Shoutfactory.com|access-date=8 September 2018}}</ref>


== References ==
== References ==
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== External links ==
== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|0113409}}
* {{IMDb title|0113409}}
* {{Rotten tomatoes|in_the_mouth_of_madness}}
* {{Allrovi movie|132252}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20041011125707/http://www.theofficialjohncarpenter.com/pages/themovies/mm/mm.html ''In the Mouth of Madness'' at theofficialjohncarpenter.com]
* {{Rotten tomatoes|in_the_mouth_of_madness|In the Mouth of Madness}}
* [http://www.theofficialjohncarpenter.com/pages/themovies/mm/mm.html ''In the Mouth of Madness'' at theofficialjohncarpenter.com]


{{John Carpenter}}
{{John Carpenter}}
{{Media based on H. P. Lovecraft works}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:In The Mouth Of Madness}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:In The Mouth Of Madness}}
[[Category:1990s mystery films]]
[[Category:1990s psychological thriller films]]
[[Category:1995 films]]
[[Category:1995 films]]
[[Category:1995 horror films]]
[[Category:1995 horror films]]
[[Category:American horror films]]
[[Category:American supernatural horror films]]
[[Category:American thriller films]]
[[Category:Apocalyptic films]]
[[Category:Cthulhu Mythos films]]
[[Category:Films about writers]]
[[Category:Films about writers]]
[[Category:Films based on works by H. P. Lovecraft]]
[[Category:Films directed by John Carpenter]]
[[Category:Films directed by John Carpenter]]
[[Category:Films set in New Hampshire]]
[[Category:Films set in New Hampshire]]
[[Category:Monster movies]]
[[Category:Neo-noir]]
[[Category:New Line Cinema films]]
[[Category:New Line Cinema films]]
[[Category:Self-reflexive films]]
[[Category:American self-reflexive films]]
[[Category:Supernatural horror films]]
[[Category:Metafictional works]]
[[Category:American mystery films]]
[[Category:American films]]
[[Category:Films shot in Ontario]]
[[Category:Films shot in Ontario]]
[[Category:Film scores by John Carpenter]]
[[Category:Films scored by John Carpenter]]
[[Category:Films based on speculative fiction works]]
[[Category:Films set in psychiatric hospitals]]
[[Category:Films set in New York City]]
[[Category:Lovecraftian horror]]
[[Category:Films set in a movie theatre]]
[[Category:1990s English-language films]]
[[Category:1990s American films]]
[[Category:English-language horror films]]

Latest revision as of 02:41, 29 December 2024

This article is about the film. For other uses, see In the Mouth of Madness (disambiguation). "Sutter Cane" redirects here. Not to be confused with Sutter Kain.
In the Mouth of Madness
Theatrical release poster
Directed byJohn Carpenter
Written byMichael De Luca
Produced bySandy King
Starring
CinematographyGary B. Kibbe
Edited byEdward A. Warschilka
Music by
Distributed byNew Line Cinema
Release dates
  • December 10, 1994 (1994-12-10) (Italy)
  • February 3, 1995 (1995-02-03) (United States)
Running time
95 minutes
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
Budget$8 million[1]
Box office$8.9 million (domestic)[1]

In the Mouth of Madness is a 1994 American supernatural horror film directed and scored by John Carpenter and written by Michael De Luca. It stars Sam Neill, Julie Carmen, Jürgen Prochnow, David Warner and Charlton Heston. Neill stars as John Trent, an insurance investigator who visits a small town while looking into the disappearance of a successful author of horror novels, and begins to question his sanity as the lines between reality and fiction seem to blur. Informally, the film is the third installment in what Carpenter refers to as his "Apocalypse Trilogy", preceded by The Thing (1982) and Prince of Darkness (1987).[2]

In the Mouth of Madness pays tribute to the works of author H. P. Lovecraft in its exploration of insanity, and its title is derived from the Lovecraft novella At the Mountains of Madness. Distributed by New Line Cinema, In the Mouth of Madness received mixed reviews upon release.

Plot

[edit]

In New York City, insurance investigator John Trent narrowly survives an attack by an axe-wielding man with deformed pupils. John investigates a claim by book publisher Arcane regarding the disappearance of acclaimed horror author Sutter Cane, whose latest novel, In the Mouth of Madness, is due for release. Arcane's director, Jackson Harglow, assigns Sutter's editor, Linda Styles, to assist John, who believes their claim is an elaborate publicity stunt.

John realizes Sutter's book covers form a map to the fictional town of Hobb's End, New Hampshire, the setting of Sutter's stories. John and Linda set out to find the location. While he sleeps during the drive, Linda experiences surreal phenomena, including passing a young cyclist who later appears as an elderly man, and the road disappearing. After abruptly arriving in Hobb's End, the pair encounter landmarks from Sutter's novels, and check in at the local hotel run by Mrs. Pickner, one of his characters. John suspects the experience is staged, but Linda admits that while Sutter's disappearance was a hoax, the current events are not. The pair visit the church, which Sutter's books describe as built on a site of ancient evil predating humanity, filled with unimaginable pain and suffering. Linda seemingly predicts the arrival of enraged townspeople demanding the return of their missing children.

At the hotel, Linda claims that events are unfolding as described in Sutter's new novel, which depicts the end of everything. Linda returns to the church and confronts Sutter, who exposes her to his unfinished manuscript, which drives her insane. Sutter confesses that he believed his stories were fictional, but later realized "they" had been guiding him. Disoriented, Linda returns to the hotel, where she and Mrs. Pickner transform into monsters, forcing John to flee. Outside, he is confronted by a mob of mutated townsfolk and seeks refuge in a bar, where one of the residents commits suicide, stating he was written to do so. John attempts to escape Hobb's End, but is repeatedly teleported back to the town's center. After crashing his car in frustration, he awakens inside the church, where he is met by Linda and Sutter.

Sutter explains that the sheer number of people who believe in his work has made his narratives real, dissolving the boundaries between reality and fantasy and enabling the return of the "old ones". He claims to have written both Hobb's End and John into existence, and John, as written, must deliver the completed manuscript to Arcane, and bring about the end of the world. John rejects the idea that he is a fictional creation, but Sutter instructs him to follow a tunnel back to reality. Sutter then tears himself apart, creating a portal through which the old ones begin to emerge. Linda refuses to escape with John, explaining that she has already read the ending. John flees, pursued by monstrous entities, and suddenly finds himself waking up on a country road.

John destroys the manuscript and returns to Arcane, where Jackson denies any knowledge of Linda. To his horror, Jackson reveals that John delivered the manuscript months earlier, and In the Mouth of Madness has since been published, with a film adaptation in production. Sometime later, a disheveled John encounters a Sutter fan with mutated eyes and kills him with an axe, leading to John's confinement in a mental asylum.

After recounting his story to a doctor, John concludes that humanity will soon be reduced to a myth "they" will tell their children. That night, inhuman screams echo through the asylum before his cell door is torn open. John discovers the facility abandoned and overhears a radio broadcast reporting an epidemic of extreme violence and mutations spreading worldwide, with entire cities lost. Wandering into a cinema, he watches the film adaptation of In the Mouth of Madness. As scenes of his past actions unfold on screen—including his affirmation, "this is reality"—John breaks into hysterical laughter and tears, consumed by the surreal realization that he is a work of fiction.

Cast

[edit]
A photograph of Sam Neill
A photograph of Julie Carmen
A photograph of Jürgen Prochnow
Sam Neill (pictured in 2010), Julie Carmen (2009), and Jürgen Prochnow (2012)

In addition, Frances Bay plays Mrs. Pickman, while Wilhelm von Homburg appears as Simon. Hayden Christensen makes his film debut, briefly seen as a paper boy.

Production

[edit]

Michael De Luca wrote the script in the late 1980s and one of the first directors he offered it to was John Carpenter,[3] who initially passed on the project. New Line Cinema later announced production in 1989 with director Tony Randel to direct.[3] Later, Mary Lambert was also attached to direct.[3] Finally, Carpenter signed on as director in December, 1992, and filming took place from August to October, 1993.[3] The film had a budget of approximately $8 million.[4]: 21 

The town scenes in Hobb's End were filmed on Main Street Unionville, and the exterior of the Black Church is actually the Cathedral of the Transfiguration. Both are located in Markham, Ontario.[5] The rest of the film was shot on location in Toronto, Ontario due to its unique mix of "New York skyscrapers and New England remoteness" according to Carpenter.[6]

The visual effects for the film were done by Industrial Light & Magic, and the practical effects (including creature prosthetics and animatronics) were done by the KNB EFX Group. It took seven weeks for KNB to create all the practical effects for the film, the biggest of which was an "eighteen-foot Wall of Monsters" that was mounted on rollers and operated by a crew of twenty-five people.[7][8] "We had under seven million [dollars] to spend on the picture", Carpenter said in 2001. "It was tough. The monsters had to be outrageous Lovecraftian demons, but in H.P. Lovecraft's novels, they are always so horrible that they are beyond description, that they are too terrifying to see. So how do you visualize something like that? Well, very, very quickly. They also had to be slightly cartoonish since Sam Neill spends most of the movie ridiculing horror only to discover it's all too real."[9]

Influences

[edit]

In the Mouth of Madness pays tribute to the work of seminal horror writer H. P. Lovecraft, with many references to his stories and themes. Its title is a play on Lovecraft's novella, At the Mountains of Madness, and insanity plays as great a role in the film as it does in Lovecraft's fiction. The opening scene depicts Trent's confinement in an asylum, with the bulk of the story told in flashback, a common technique of Lovecraft. Reference is made to Lovecraftian settings and details (such as a character who shares the name of Lovecraft's Pickman family). Sutter Cane's novels have similar titles to H.P. Lovecraft stories: The Whisperer of the Dark (The Whisperer in Darkness), The Thing in the Basement (The Thing on the Doorstep), Haunter out of Time (The Haunter of the Dark/The Shadow Out of Time), and The Hobbs End Horror (The Dunwich Horror), the latter also referencing Hobbs End underground station from Nigel Kneale's Quatermass and the Pit.

The film also can be seen as referencing Stephen King, who, like Lovecraft, writes horror fiction set in New England hamlets. In fact, the characters even directly compare King (unfavorably) to Sutter Cane within the film itself.[10][11] Linda Styles tells Trent early in the film, "You can forget about Stephen King, Cane outsells them all!"

The film's main theme, heard during the opening credits, was inspired by the Metallica song "Enter Sandman". Carpenter had originally wanted to use the song, but was unable to secure the rights and instead composed his own theme, with the help of composer Jim Lang and guitarist Dave Davies of The Kinks.[12][13]

Release

[edit]

Box office

[edit]

In the Mouth of Madness premiered at Germany's Fantasy FilmFest on August 10, 1994[14] and was released in the United States on February 3, 1995. For its worldwide release, the film opened at the #4 spot and grossed $3,441,807 in 1,510 theaters in its first weekend. It fell to #7 in its second week before leaving the top 10 in week three. The film ended up grossing $8,924,549 on a budget ranging from $8 million to $14 million, making it a box-office failure.[1]

Critical reception

[edit]

On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, In the Mouth of Madness holds an approval rating of 60% based on 50 reviews, with a weighted average rating of 5.8/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "If it fails to make the most of its intriguing premise, In the Mouth of Madness remains a decent enough diversion for horror fans and John Carpenter completists."[15] On Metacritic the film has a weighted average score of 53 out of 100 based on 17 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".[16]

Critics generally commended the film on its technical aspects, particularly its special effects, acting, and directing, but perceived it as being too complicated, confusing, pretentious, and underwhelming. Roger Ebert gave the film two out of four stars, saying that the film has an intriguing premise, but squanders it by relying on hackneyed jump scares and gore, taking the form of "a horror house movie, in which the protagonists creep along while creatures leap at them."[17] Gene Siskel gave the film the same rating,[citation needed] as did James Berardinelli, who said the film "comes close to doing something interesting but gets cold feet" and is "confusing, weird, and not very involving", comparing the film to buying an exotic sports car only to drive it slowly.[citation needed] Lisa Schwarzbaum, writing in Entertainment Weekly, gave the film a C rating, remarking that "much of it [is] bloatedly self-indulgent and a small part wicked funny", with only a smattering of successful moments.[18]

In fully positive reviews from the time period, Kevin Thomas of the Los Angeles Times called it "a thinking person's horror picture that dares to be as cerebral as it is visceral".[19] John Hartl of the Seattle Times also gave the film a positive review, saying it's "a stylized collection of well-timed shockers, helped along by the contributions of its capable cast."[20] The Chicago Reader gave it three stars, calling it "a must see".[21] In a later review, Chris Stuckmann also awarded the film with an "A," noting its ambition, creativity, and originality alongside Carpenter's direction.[22] Reel Film Reviews gave the film three out of four stars.[23]

French magazine Cahiers du Cinéma listed the film as #10 on its 1995 Top 10 List.[24]

Awards

[edit]
Award Category Nominee(s) Result
22nd Saturn Awards Best Horror Film In the Mouth of Madness Nominated
Best Make-Up (K.N.B. EFX Group Inc.) Nominated
Fantasporto Critics' Award John Carpenter Won
Best Film Nominated

Home media

[edit]

Following the early VHS releases, a Blu-ray version of the film by New Line Cinema was released in 2013.[25] In 2016, the film was re-released on DVD by Warner Archive Collection.[26] In 2018, Shout! Factory re-released the film under its Scream Factory sub-label as a Collector's Edition Blu-ray.[27]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c "In the Mouth of Madness (1995) – Box Office Mojo". BoxOfficeMojo.com. Retrieved 2010-01-03.
  2. ^ Topolsky, Joshua (2012-09-02). "The Classics: John Carpenter's 'Apocalypse Trilogy'". The Verge. Retrieved 2019-02-20.
  3. ^ a b c d Wilson, William S. (2015-02-03). "Newsploitation: In the Mouth of Box Office Sadness". Video Junkie. Retrieved 2015-02-03.
  4. ^ Blyth, Michael (2018). In the Mouth of Madness. Liverpool University Press. ISBN 978-1-80034-710-6.
  5. ^ "In the Mouth of Madness production still". Theofficialjohncarpenter.com. Archived from the original on 2009-10-16. Retrieved 2010-08-06.
  6. ^ Jones, Alan (February 1995). "John Carpenter, Directing In the Mouth of Madness a la H.P. Lovecraft". Cinefantastique. 26 (2): 45.
  7. ^ Timpone, Anthony (1996). Men, Makeup & Monsters: Hollywood's Masters of Illustion and FX. St. Martin's Griffin. p. 159. ISBN 978-0312146788. Retrieved 1 November 2021.
  8. ^ Longsdorf, Amy (January 8, 1995). "NORRISTOWN NATIVE'S WORK IS A REAL HORROR STORY". The Morning Call. Allentown, PA. p. F01. Retrieved 1 November 2021.
  9. ^ Boulenger, Gilles (2003). John Carpenter: The Prince of Darkness (First US ed.). Beverly Hills, CA: Silman-James Press. p. 232. ISBN 1-879505-67-3.
  10. ^ Chris Hicks (1995-02-07). "Deseret News: In the Mouth of Madness Review". Deseret News. Archived from the original on 2012-12-17. Retrieved 2010-01-03.
  11. ^ "Review of 'In the Mouth of Madness' by Bryant Frazer". Archived from the original on 2015-09-23. Retrieved 2009-07-26.
  12. ^ Louder (2019-10-31). "The stories behind John Carpenter's biggest horror themes". loudersound. Retrieved 2022-05-22.
  13. ^ "5 of John Carpenter's Best Themes". The Script Lab. 2018-03-20. Retrieved 2022-05-22.
  14. ^ "Timetable 1994 Frankfurt - Fantasy FilmFest Archiv". f3a.net. Retrieved 2022-07-03.
  15. ^ "In the Mouth of Madness (1995) - Rotten Tomatoes". Rotten Tomatoes.com. Fandango Media. Retrieved 22 June 2024.
  16. ^ "In the Mouth of Madness Reviews - Metacritic". Metacritic.com. Metacritic. Retrieved 21 June 2018.
  17. ^ Ebert, Roger (February 3, 1995). "Reviews: In the Mouth of Madness". RogerEbert.com. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  18. ^ Schwarzbaum, Lisa (February 10, 1995). "In the Mouth of Madness". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on December 7, 2017. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  19. ^ Thomas, Kevin (February 3, 1995). "Engrossing 'Madness' a Darkly Humorous Horror Movie". Los Angeles Times. p. B9 – via Newspapers.com.
  20. ^ Hartl, John (February 3, 1995). "'MADNESS': CARPENTER AT HIS NIGHTMARISH BEST". Seattle Times. p. H31. Retrieved 27 October 2021 – via NewsBank.
  21. ^ "Carpenter's Gothic". 2 February 1995.
  22. ^ Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: Stuckmann, Chris (30 October 2018). "In the Mouth of Madness - Movie Review". YouTube. Retrieved 25 October 2021.
  23. ^ Nusair, David (1 November 2018). "JOHN CARPENTER'S IN THE MOUTH OF MADNESS". Reel Film Reviews. Retrieved 25 October 2021.
  24. ^ "Top lists Cahiers du cinéma". alumnus.caltech.edu. Archived from the original on 27 March 2012. Retrieved 10 November 2018.
  25. ^ "High-Def Disc News → 'In the Mouth of Madness' Dated for Blu-ray". High-Def Digest. 2013-06-13. Retrieved 2013-08-03.
  26. ^ "In the Mouth of Madness (1995) (MOD)". Wbshop.com. Archived from the original on October 23, 2017. Retrieved November 17, 2016.
  27. ^ "In The Mouth Of Madness [Collector's Edition] - Blu-ray - Shout! Factory". Shoutfactory.com. Retrieved 8 September 2018.
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