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{{short description|none}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2017}}
{{Use Australian English|date=August 2023}}
{{Infobox flag
{{Infobox flag
|Name = Victoria
| Name = Victoria
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| Image = Flag of Victoria (Australia).svg
|Article =
| Nickname =
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|Image = Flag of Victoria (Australia).svg
|Nickname =
| Morenicks =
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| Use = 110000
|Morenicks =
| Symbol = {{FIAV|110000}}{{FIAV|normal}}{{FIAV|Mirror}}
⚫
|Use = 110000
⚫
| Proportion = 1:2
|Symbol =
| Adoption = {{start date and age|1870|03|06|df=y}}
⚫
|Proportion = 1:2
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| Design = A state badge of a white [[Crux|Southern Cross]] surmounted by [[St Edward's Crown]], on a defaced British Blue Ensign.
|Adoption = 1865
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|Design = State badge of a [[Crux|Southern Cross]] topped by [[St Edward's Crown]], on a defaced British Blue Ensign
|Type = State
}}
}}
[[File:State Badge of Victoria (Australia)-alternate.svg|thumb|70px|The state badge]]
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The '''flag of Victoria''', symbolising the [[States and territories of Australia|state]] of [[Victoria, Australia|Victoria]] in [[Australia]], is a [[Union Flag|British]] [[Blue Ensign]] [[Defacement (flag)|defaced]] by the state badge of Victoria in the [[Flag terminology#Description of standard flag parts and terms|fly]]. The badge is the [[Crux|Southern Cross]] topped by an imperial crown, which is currently the [[St Edward's Crown]]. The stars of the Southern Cross are white and range from five to eight points with each star having one point pointing to the top of the flag. The flag dates from 1865,<ref name= vic-gov/> with minor variations, the last of which was in 1953.


⚫
The [[state flag]] of [[Victoria (state)|Victoria]] is a [[Union Flag|British]] [[Blue Ensign]] [[Defacement (flag)|defaced]] by the state badge of Victoria in the [[Flag terminology#Description of standard flag parts and terms|fly]]. The badge is the [[Crux|Southern Cross]] surmounted by an imperial crown, which is currently the [[St Edward's Crown]]. The stars of the Southern Cross are white and range from five to eight points with each star having one point pointing to the top of the flag. The flag dates from 1870,<ref name= vic-gov/> with minor variations, the last of which was in 1901. It is the only Australian state flag not to feature the state badge on a round disc.
⚫
==Previous flags==
⚫
The first flag of Victoria was adopted in 1870 and was first flown from HMVS ''Nelson'' on 9 February 1870. It too was a defaced British Blue Ensign with the Southern Cross located in the fly. The stars of the Southern Cross are white and have 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 points with only the leftmost and rightmost stars having one point pointing to the top of the flag. The adoption of the flag came about when Victoria became the first Australian [[colony]] to acquire a warship, and thus under the British [[Colonial Naval Defence Act]] of 1865 Victoria needed a flag to distinguish its ships from other British ships. At the same time, the red ensign was incorrectly authorised for use by civil vessels registered in the colony of Victoria. Despite the invalid authorisation, the flag continued to be used, and was flown alongside the Union flag during federation celebrations in 1901. The red ensign did not track changes to the blue ensign, and so no crown was added, nor did the stars rotate to point upwards facing the flag.


==History==
Victoria then adopted the current flag in 1877 with the stars of the southern cross from then on have 5, 6, 7, 7 and 8 points. The depictions of the crown have varied in accordance with heraldic fashion and the wishes of the monarch of the time. During [[Victoria of the United Kingdom|Queen Victoria]]'s reign, the crown had slightly dipped arches. From c. 1901–1952, during the reigns of Kings [[Edward VII of the United Kingdom|Edward VII]], [[George V of the United Kingdom|George V]], [[Edward VIII of the United Kingdom|Edward VIII]] and [[George VI of the United Kingdom|George VI]] the depiction of the crown known as the "[[Tudor Crown]]", with domed arches, was used. In 1953 the Tudor Crown was replaced with the [[St Edward's Crown]].
===1844 separation flag===
In 1844, John Harrison, the father of [[H. C. A. Harrison]], designed a flag for the Separation Society, an organisation advocating for the separation of the [[Port Phillip District]] (present-day Victoria) from the [[Colony of New South Wales]]. The flag, featuring "a white star centred on a crimson ground", was flown at a large open-air meeting on [[Batman's Hill]] in June 1844.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/harrison-john-3728|title=Harrison, John (1802–1869)|first=Dorothy|last=Kiers|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|year=1972|publisher=Melbourne University Press|volume=4}}</ref> It was described more fully in the ''[[Port Phillip Gazette]]'':<ref>{{cite news|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/224809628|title=Domestic intelligence|date=29 May 1844|newspaper=Port Phillip Gazette}}</ref>
{{blockquote|The flag will in size be about seven feet by five, of a deep crimson ground, with a white five pointed star in the middle; on one side the device is a sheep suspended with the words "Squatters, guard your rights," as an inscription, on the counter side are two pillars to represent commerce and agriculture based on the blocks of honor and truth; suspended over and midway between the columns, is a crown supported by a ribbon upon which the word "loyalty" is inscribed; a pair of sheep shears bearing the word "tyranny," cross the ribbon above the crown. The union is pictured in the form of clasped hands between the two pillars, under which is the motto "Keep yourselves and God will keep you." On the point of the pole will he formed gilded kangaroo.}}
Harrison flew the flag again in 1851 at a meeting of miners on the goldfields at [[Bendigo]].<ref>{{cite book|url=http://www.monstermeeting.net/docs/MM-Book-for-website.pdf|title=The Monster Meeting Book: How Eureka began with the 1851 Forest Creek Monster Meeting of Diggers |publisher=Chewton Domain Society|year=2014|first=Jan|last=Wositzky|page=92}}</ref>


⚫
===Previous official flags===
⚫
==Gallery==
⚫
The first flag of Victoria was adopted in 1870 and was first flown from [[HMS Nelson (1814)|HMVS ''Nelson'']] on 9 February 1870.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About the Victorian flag {{!}} Victorian Government |url=http://www.vic.gov.au/about-victorian-flag |access-date=2023-07-19 |website=www.vic.gov.au |language=en}}</ref> It too was a defaced British Blue Ensign with the Southern Cross located in the fly. The stars of the Southern Cross were white and had 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 points with only the leftmost and rightmost stars having one point pointing to the top of the flag. The adoption of the flag came about when Victoria became the first Australian colony to acquire a warship, and thus under the British [[Colonial Naval Defence Act 1865]] Victoria needed a flag to distinguish its ships from other British ships. At the same time, the red ensign was incorrectly authorised for use by civil vessels registered in the colony of Victoria.{{Citation needed|date=April 2024}} Despite the invalid authorisation, the flag continued to be used, and was flown alongside the Union flag during federation celebrations in 1901. The red ensign did not track changes to the blue ensign, and so no crown was added, nor did the stars rotate to point upwards facing the flag.
⚫
<gallery class="center">

File:Flag of the Governor of Victoria.svg|Standard of the [[Governor of Victoria]]
Victoria then adopted the current flag in 1877 with the stars of the southern cross from then on having 5, 6, 7, 7 and 8 points. In 1901, the lieutenant-governor advised the secretary of state that henceforth a [[St Edward's Crown]] would be used on the now state flag.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-06-10 |title=About the Victorian flag |url=https://www.vic.gov.au/about-victorian-flag |access-date= |website=vic.gov.au |publisher=[[Victorian Government]] |language=en-AU}}</ref>
⚫
File:Flag of the Victoria Police.svg|Flag of the [[Victoria Police]]

File:Flag of the Governor of Victoria-1903-1984.svg|{{FIAV|historical}}Standard of the Governor of Victoria 1903-1984. Prior to 1953, a [[Tudor Crown]] was used
== Construction ==
⚫
File:Victorian red ensign.svg|{{FIAV|historical}}{{FIAV|000100}}Victorian red ensign, 1870
Unlike the national flag, the flag of Victoria is not defined by legislation (either state or federal). As a result, there are no official legal requirements for the construction of the flag of Victoria. However, traditionally the flag has the following elements:

# the Union Jack occupies the upper quarter next the staff;
# the fly is wholly blue, in line with the British Blue Ensign;
# the State Badge is situated with its centre halfway between the edge of the canton and the end of the fly, and to occupy the majority of thereof;
⚫
<gallery mode="packed">
File:Badge of Victoria (traditional).svg|[[Coat of arms of Victoria (Australia)|State badge of Victoria]]
</gallery>
</gallery>

⚫
==Gallery==
{{gallery|mode=nolines|align=center|perrow=5|whitebg=y|height=100
|File:Victorian blue ensign.svg|{{FIAV|historical}} Flag of Victoria, 1870–1877
⚫
|File:Victorian red ensign.svg|{{FIAV|historical}} Victorian red ensign, 1870–1877
|File:Flag of Victoria (1877-1901).svg|{{FIAV|historical}} Flag of Victoria, 1877–1901{{citation needed|date=September 2024}}
⚫
|File:Flag of Victoria (Australia).svg|Flag of Victoria, 1901–present}}

== See also ==
*[[Coat of arms of Victoria (Australia)|Coat of arms of Victoria]]
*[[List of Australian flags]]
*[[Flags of the governors of the Australian states]]


==References==
==References==
{{reflist<!--|colwidth=25em-->|refs=
{{reflist|refs=


<ref name= vic-gov>{{cite web
<ref name= vic-gov>{{cite web
|date= 28 July 2011
|date= 9 March 2016
|title= Victorian Flag
|title= Victorian Flag
|publisher= Department of Premier and Cabinet, Government of Victoria
|publisher= Department of Premier and Cabinet, Government of Victoria
|url= http://www.dpc.vic.gov.au/index.php/resources/victorian-symbols-emblems/victorian-flag
|url= http://www.dpc.vic.gov.au/index.php/news-publications/victorian-symbols-emblems/victorian-flag}}
|deadurl= yes
|archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20120317111820/http://www.dpc.vic.gov.au/index.php/resources/victorian-symbols-emblems/victorian-flag
|archivedate= 17 March 2012}}
</ref>
</ref>
}}
}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category|Flags of Victoria, Australia}}
*{{FOTW|id=au-vic|title=Victoria}}
*{{FOTW|id=au-vic|title=Victoria}}
* [http://www.cerberus.com.au/flags.html Flags flown by HMVS Cerberus]
* [http://www.cerberus.com.au/flags.html Flags flown by HMVS Cerberus]
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{{Australian Flags}}
{{Australian Flags}}
{{Union Flag}}
{{Union Flag}}
{{Victoria}}


[[Category:Victoria (Australia)]]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Victoria (state), Flag of}}
[[Category:Flags of Australia|Victoria]]
[[Category:1870 establishments in Australia]]
[[Category:Flags introduced in 1870]]
[[Category:Symbols of Victoria|Flag]]
[[Category:Blue Ensigns|Victoria]]
[[Category:Blue Ensigns|Victoria]]
[[Category:Southern Cross flags]]
[[Category:Southern Cross flags]]
[[Category:Flags that incorporate the Union Jack]]
[[Category:Flags of states of Australia|Victoria]]

Latest revision as of 00:27, 1 January 2025

Victoria
UseCivil and state flag Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flagSmall vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flagReverse side is mirror image of obverse side
Proportion1:2
Adopted6 March 1870; 154 years ago (1870-03-06)
DesignA state badge of a white Southern Cross surmounted by St Edward's Crown, on a defaced British Blue Ensign.

The state flag of Victoria is a British Blue Ensign defaced by the state badge of Victoria in the fly. The badge is the Southern Cross surmounted by an imperial crown, which is currently the St Edward's Crown. The stars of the Southern Cross are white and range from five to eight points with each star having one point pointing to the top of the flag. The flag dates from 1870,[1] with minor variations, the last of which was in 1901. It is the only Australian state flag not to feature the state badge on a round disc.

History

[edit]

1844 separation flag

[edit]

In 1844, John Harrison, the father of H. C. A. Harrison, designed a flag for the Separation Society, an organisation advocating for the separation of the Port Phillip District (present-day Victoria) from the Colony of New South Wales. The flag, featuring "a white star centred on a crimson ground", was flown at a large open-air meeting on Batman's Hill in June 1844.[2] It was described more fully in the Port Phillip Gazette:[3]

The flag will in size be about seven feet by five, of a deep crimson ground, with a white five pointed star in the middle; on one side the device is a sheep suspended with the words "Squatters, guard your rights," as an inscription, on the counter side are two pillars to represent commerce and agriculture based on the blocks of honor and truth; suspended over and midway between the columns, is a crown supported by a ribbon upon which the word "loyalty" is inscribed; a pair of sheep shears bearing the word "tyranny," cross the ribbon above the crown. The union is pictured in the form of clasped hands between the two pillars, under which is the motto "Keep yourselves and God will keep you." On the point of the pole will he formed gilded kangaroo.

Harrison flew the flag again in 1851 at a meeting of miners on the goldfields at Bendigo.[4]

Previous official flags

[edit]

The first flag of Victoria was adopted in 1870 and was first flown from HMVS Nelson on 9 February 1870.[5] It too was a defaced British Blue Ensign with the Southern Cross located in the fly. The stars of the Southern Cross were white and had 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 points with only the leftmost and rightmost stars having one point pointing to the top of the flag. The adoption of the flag came about when Victoria became the first Australian colony to acquire a warship, and thus under the British Colonial Naval Defence Act 1865 Victoria needed a flag to distinguish its ships from other British ships. At the same time, the red ensign was incorrectly authorised for use by civil vessels registered in the colony of Victoria.[citation needed] Despite the invalid authorisation, the flag continued to be used, and was flown alongside the Union flag during federation celebrations in 1901. The red ensign did not track changes to the blue ensign, and so no crown was added, nor did the stars rotate to point upwards facing the flag.

Victoria then adopted the current flag in 1877 with the stars of the southern cross from then on having 5, 6, 7, 7 and 8 points. In 1901, the lieutenant-governor advised the secretary of state that henceforth a St Edward's Crown would be used on the now state flag.[6]

Construction

[edit]

Unlike the national flag, the flag of Victoria is not defined by legislation (either state or federal). As a result, there are no official legal requirements for the construction of the flag of Victoria. However, traditionally the flag has the following elements:

  1. the Union Jack occupies the upper quarter next the staff;
  2. the fly is wholly blue, in line with the British Blue Ensign;
  3. the State Badge is situated with its centre halfway between the edge of the canton and the end of the fly, and to occupy the majority of thereof;
[edit]
  • Flag of Victoria, 1870–1877
    Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag Flag of Victoria, 1870–1877
  • Victorian red ensign, 1870–1877
    Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag Victorian red ensign, 1870–1877
  • Flag of Victoria, 1877–1901[citation needed]
    Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag Flag of Victoria, 1877–1901[citation needed]
  • Flag of Victoria, 1901–present
    Flag of Victoria, 1901–present

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Victorian Flag". Department of Premier and Cabinet, Government of Victoria. 9 March 2016.
  2. ^ Kiers, Dorothy (1972). "Harrison, John (1802–1869)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Vol. 4. Melbourne University Press.
  3. ^ "Domestic intelligence". Port Phillip Gazette. 29 May 1844.
  4. ^ Wositzky, Jan (2014). The Monster Meeting Book: How Eureka began with the 1851 Forest Creek Monster Meeting of Diggers (PDF). Chewton Domain Society. p. 92.
  5. ^ "About the Victorian flag | Victorian Government". www.vic.gov.au. Retrieved 19 July 2023.
  6. ^ "About the Victorian flag". vic.gov.au. Victorian Government. 10 June 2022.
[edit]
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