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Iran has been testing and producing missiles since the war with Iraq to increase its military capabilities.".<ref>[http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/4c1f2eb32.html Resolution 1929 (2010)]</ref> there have been a series of missile tests performed by Iran:
[[Iran]] has been developing [[Iranian missiles|its own missiles]] for many years. In 2010, [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 1929]] banned the development of missile technology by Iran. In 2015, after the [[Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action|July nuclear deal]], Iran went ahead with several missile tests:
*On October 10 Iran tested an [[Emad (missile)|Emad]] missile, having a claimed range of 1700&nbsp;km and a new precision guidance system, capable of delivering a nuclear weapon.<ref>http://www.reuters.com/article/us-iran-nuclear-sanctions-idUSKBN0UD1TD20151230</ref>
*On 10 October 2015, Iran tested precised [[Emad (missile)|Emad]] missile that has a declared range of 1700&nbsp;km and a new precision guidance system<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-iran-nuclear-sanctions-idUSKBN0UD1TD20151230 U.S. preparing sanctions on Iran over ballistic missile program: sources]</ref>
*On November 21 Iran reportedly carried out a test of the Ghadr 110, having a range variously reported between 1500 and 2000&nbsp;km.<ref>{{cite news|title=Iran sends defiant signal to the West with missile test|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/iran/12042112/Iran-sends-defiant-signal-to-the-West-with-missile-test.html|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|date=Dec 9, 2015}}</ref>
*On 21 November 2015, Iran reportedly carried out a test of the [[Ghadr-110]], having a range variously reported between 1500 and 2000&nbsp;km.<ref>{{cite news|title=Iran sends defiant signal to the West with missile test|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/iran/12042112/Iran-sends-defiant-signal-to-the-West-with-missile-test.html|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|date=Dec 9, 2015}}</ref>
*On 8 and 9 March 2016, Iran test fired several missiles, including the [[Qiam 1]].
⚫
*On March 8th and 9th, 2016, Iran test fired several missiles, including the [[Qiam 1]]. The US asked the [[UN Security Council]] to discuss the tests. US ambassador to the UN [[Samantha Power]] said the tests were provocative and destabilizing. She said Iranian military officials had claimed that the missiles were designed to be a direct threat to Israel, one of Washington's closest allies.<ref>{{cite news|title=US asks UN Security Council to meet on 'destabilizing' Iran missile tests|url=http://www.i24news.tv/en/news/international/middle-east/105866-160312-us-asks-un-security-council-to-meet-on-destabilizing-iran-missile-tests|agency=[[i24news]]|date=Mar 12, 2016}}</ref> At least one missile had "ישראל צריכה להמחק מעל פני האדמה" ("Israel must be wiped off the face of the earth") written on them in Hebrew.<ref>{{cite news|title=پیام موشکی سپاه به زبان «عبری» مخابره شد: ישראל צריכה להימחק מעל+تصویر|url=http://www.farsnews.com/newstext.php?nn=13941219000316|agency=[[Fars News Agency]]|date=Mar 10, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310125906/http://www.farsnews.com/newstext.php?nn=13941219000316|archivedate=Mar 10, 2016|deadurl=no}}</ref> Sources differ on whether the tests violate Security Council resolutions.<ref>Israel Radio, March 10, 2016.</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Iran 'conducts new ballistic missile tests'|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-35752974|agency=BBC|date=Mar 8, 2016}}</ref>
*On 29 January 2017, Iran tested the medium-range [[Khorramshahr (missile)|Khorramshahr]] ballistic missile that flew 600 miles before exploding, in a failed test of a reentry vehicle.<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/world/iran-tests-ballistic-missile-in-defiance-of-un-resolution-us-officials-say/ Iran tests ballistic missile in defiance of UN resolution, US officials say]</ref>
*On 23 September 2017, Iran tested another ballistic missile after showing it off at a military parade in [[Tehran]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/2017/09/23/middleeast/iran-ballistic-missile-test/index.html|title = Iran tests new ballistic missile hours after showing it off at military parade|website = [[CNN]]|date = 23 September 2017}}</ref>
*During January 2018, six live Qiam missiles were fired into an ISIS stronghold in Syria's Deir ez-Zor province in.<ref>{{cite news|title=New developments in Iran's ballistic missile program|url=https://www.israelhayom.com/2019/03/15/new-developments-in-irans-ballistic-missile-program/|agency=Israel Hayom|date=Mar 15, 2019}}</ref>
*Between February and August 2018, Iran conducted seven test flights: one Khorramshahr, two [[Shahab-3]] variants, one Qiam and three [[Zolfaghar (missile)|Zolfaghar]] ballistic missiles. According to the president of the U.N. Security Council, was "in violation of resolution 2231" because the missiles were all category I systems under the Missile Technology Control and not capable of carrying nuclear warheads.<ref>{{cite news|title=New developments in Iran's ballistic missile program|url=https://www.israelhayom.com/2019/03/15/new-developments-in-irans-ballistic-missile-program/|agency=Israel Hayom|date=Mar 15, 2019}}</ref>
*In August 2018, Iran's defense ministry unveiled two new missiles: the [[Fakour-90|Fakour]] and the "[[Fateh Mobin]]" (Bright Conqueror), the latest addition to the Fateh-series of short-range tactical ballistic missiles with a range of about 1,300 kilometers (810 miles).<ref>{{cite news|title=New developments in Iran's ballistic missile program|url=https://www.israelhayom.com/2019/03/15/new-developments-in-irans-ballistic-missile-program/|agency=Israel Hayom|date=Mar 15, 2019}}</ref>
*On Dec. 1, 2018, the Khorramshahr medium-range ballistic missile was tested at its facility near Shahrud, in northeast Iran.<ref>{{cite news|title=Europe is 'saving' the Iran deal by ignoring the violations|url=https://nypost.com/2018/12/06/europe-is-saving-the-iran-deal-by-ignoring-the-violations/|agency=New York Times|date=Dec 6, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=New developments in Iran's ballistic missile program|url=https://www.israelhayom.com/2019/03/15/new-developments-in-irans-ballistic-missile-program/|agency=Israel Hayom|date=Mar 15, 2019}}</ref>
*On Feb. 2, 2019, Tehran announced the successful test of the [[Hoveyzeh (cruise missile)|Hoveizeh]] cruise missile with a range of more than 1,350 kilometers (838 miles) during celebrations marking the 40th anniversary of the 1979 Revolution.<ref>{{cite news|title=New developments in Iran's ballistic missile program|url=https://www.israelhayom.com/2019/03/15/new-developments-in-irans-ballistic-missile-program/|agency=Israel Hayom|date=Mar 15, 2019}}</ref>
*On Feb. 7, 2019, the [[Dezful (missile)|Dezful]] ballistic missile was unveiled, with a range of 1,000 kilometers (600 miles). Iran's Press TV quoted Hajizadeh as saying the Revolutionary Guards will "continue missile tests ... and plan to carry out more than 50 missile tests each year."<ref>{{cite news|title=Iran unveils new ballistic missile at underground facility|url=https://www.dw.com/en/iran-unveils-new-ballistic-missile-at-underground-facility/a-47420871
|agency=Deutsche Welle|date=Feb 8, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=New developments in Iran's ballistic missile program|url=https://www.israelhayom.com/2019/03/15/new-developments-in-irans-ballistic-missile-program/|agency=Israel Hayom|date=Mar 15, 2019}}</ref>
*On January 7, 2020, Iran launched more than a dozen ballistic missiles against Al Assad military base in Iraq, which houses US Military troops.

==Background==
The Iranian missile program began during the so-called [[War of the Cities]] during which Iraq began deliberately attacking civilian targets in Iran.

== Reactions ==
⚫
After the March 2016 test firing, the U.S. asked the [[UN Security Council]] to discuss the tests. US ambassador to the UN [[Samantha Power]] said the tests were provocative and destabilizing.<ref>{{cite news|title=US asks UN Security Council to meet on 'destabilizing' Iran missile tests|url=http://www.i24news.tv/en/news/international/middle-east/105866-160312-us-asks-un-security-council-to-meet-on-destabilizing-iran-missile-tests|agency=[[i24news]]|date=Mar 12, 2016}}</ref> At least one missile had "ישראל צריכה להמחק מעל פני האדמה" ("Israel must be wiped off the face of the earth") written on them in Hebrew.<ref>{{cite news|title=پیام موشکی سپاه به زبان "عبری" مخابره شد: ישראל צריכה להימחק מעל+تصویر|url=http://www.farsnews.com/newstext.php?nn=13941219000316|agency=[[Fars News Agency]]|date=Mar 10, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310125906/http://www.farsnews.com/newstext.php?nn=13941219000316|archive-date=March 10, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> Sources differ on whether the tests violate Security Council resolutions.<ref>Israel Radio, March 10, 2016.</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Iran 'conducts new ballistic missile tests'|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-35752974|agency=BBC|date=Mar 8, 2016}}</ref>

On 29 March 2016, the US, Britain, France, and Germany wrote a joint letter to UN chief [[Ban Ki-moon]] accusing Iran of "defying" [[Security Council Resolution 2231]] that endorsed the July 2015 deal. The letter said the missiles were "inherently capable of delivering nuclear weapons". However, it stopped short of saying the tests were illegal. Resolution 2231 calls for Iran to refrain from activity related to nuclear-capable missiles, but according to diplomats the language is not legally binding and cannot be enforced with punitive measures.<ref>{{cite news|title=Iran missile tests defied UN resolution, say US and European allies|url=http://www.dw.com/en/iran-missile-tests-defied-un-resolution-say-us-and-european-allies/a-19149402?maca=en-rss-en-all-1573-rdf|agency=Deutsche Welle|date=Mar 30, 2016}}</ref>

After the 29 January 2017 missile test by Iran, on 3 February, the [[First presidency of Donald Trump|Trump administration]] imposed sanctions on Iran's 25 individuals and entities, which it said were but "initial steps", with Trump's National Security Advisor [[Michael T. Flynn]] adding that ″the days of turning a blind eye to Iran's hostile and belligerent actions toward the United States and the world community are over.″<ref>[https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2017/02/03/statement-national-security-advisor-michael-t-flynn-iran Statement by National Security Advisor Michael T. Flynn on Iran]</ref><ref>[https://www.treasury.gov/press-center/press-releases/Pages/as0004.aspx Treasury Sanctions Supporters of Iran’s Ballistic Missile Program and Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps – Qods Force]</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Trump administration tightens Iran sanctions, Tehran hits back|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-iran-usa-idUSKBN15H253|work=Reuters|date=3 February 2016}}</ref>


== See also ==
== See also ==
*[[Military of Iran]]
*[[Eghtedar-e Velayat]]
*[[Air Force of the Army of the Guardians of the Islamic Revolution]] - controls Iran's missile forces
*{{section link|Air Force of the Army of the Guardians of the Islamic Revolution|Missile forces}}
*[[Iranian military industry]]
*[[Sanctions against Iran]]
*[[List of missiles by country#Iran|List of guided missiles of Iran]]


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


[[Category:Iranian military exercises]]
{{Iran Military}}
[[Category:Science and technology in Iran]]
{{Iran Missiles}}
[[Category:Iranian missile development program]]

{{uncat|date=March 2016}}

Latest revision as of 01:52, 10 November 2024

Iran has been testing and producing missiles since the war with Iraq to increase its military capabilities.".[1] there have been a series of missile tests performed by Iran:

  • On 10 October 2015, Iran tested precised Emad missile that has a declared range of 1700 km and a new precision guidance system[2]
  • On 21 November 2015, Iran reportedly carried out a test of the Ghadr-110, having a range variously reported between 1500 and 2000 km.[3]
  • On 8 and 9 March 2016, Iran test fired several missiles, including the Qiam 1.
  • On 29 January 2017, Iran tested the medium-range Khorramshahr ballistic missile that flew 600 miles before exploding, in a failed test of a reentry vehicle.[4]
  • On 23 September 2017, Iran tested another ballistic missile after showing it off at a military parade in Tehran.[5]
  • During January 2018, six live Qiam missiles were fired into an ISIS stronghold in Syria's Deir ez-Zor province in.[6]
  • Between February and August 2018, Iran conducted seven test flights: one Khorramshahr, two Shahab-3 variants, one Qiam and three Zolfaghar ballistic missiles. According to the president of the U.N. Security Council, was "in violation of resolution 2231" because the missiles were all category I systems under the Missile Technology Control and not capable of carrying nuclear warheads.[7]
  • In August 2018, Iran's defense ministry unveiled two new missiles: the Fakour and the "Fateh Mobin" (Bright Conqueror), the latest addition to the Fateh-series of short-range tactical ballistic missiles with a range of about 1,300 kilometers (810 miles).[8]
  • On Dec. 1, 2018, the Khorramshahr medium-range ballistic missile was tested at its facility near Shahrud, in northeast Iran.[9][10]
  • On Feb. 2, 2019, Tehran announced the successful test of the Hoveizeh cruise missile with a range of more than 1,350 kilometers (838 miles) during celebrations marking the 40th anniversary of the 1979 Revolution.[11]
  • On Feb. 7, 2019, the Dezful ballistic missile was unveiled, with a range of 1,000 kilometers (600 miles). Iran's Press TV quoted Hajizadeh as saying the Revolutionary Guards will "continue missile tests ... and plan to carry out more than 50 missile tests each year."[12][13]
  • On January 7, 2020, Iran launched more than a dozen ballistic missiles against Al Assad military base in Iraq, which houses US Military troops.

Background

[edit]

The Iranian missile program began during the so-called War of the Cities during which Iraq began deliberately attacking civilian targets in Iran.

Reactions

[edit]

After the March 2016 test firing, the U.S. asked the UN Security Council to discuss the tests. US ambassador to the UN Samantha Power said the tests were provocative and destabilizing.[14] At least one missile had "ישראל צריכה להמחק מעל פני האדמה" ("Israel must be wiped off the face of the earth") written on them in Hebrew.[15] Sources differ on whether the tests violate Security Council resolutions.[16][17]

On 29 March 2016, the US, Britain, France, and Germany wrote a joint letter to UN chief Ban Ki-moon accusing Iran of "defying" Security Council Resolution 2231 that endorsed the July 2015 deal. The letter said the missiles were "inherently capable of delivering nuclear weapons". However, it stopped short of saying the tests were illegal. Resolution 2231 calls for Iran to refrain from activity related to nuclear-capable missiles, but according to diplomats the language is not legally binding and cannot be enforced with punitive measures.[18]

After the 29 January 2017 missile test by Iran, on 3 February, the Trump administration imposed sanctions on Iran's 25 individuals and entities, which it said were but "initial steps", with Trump's National Security Advisor Michael T. Flynn adding that ″the days of turning a blind eye to Iran's hostile and belligerent actions toward the United States and the world community are over.″[19][20][21]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Resolution 1929 (2010)
  2. ^ U.S. preparing sanctions on Iran over ballistic missile program: sources
  3. ^ "Iran sends defiant signal to the West with missile test". The Daily Telegraph. Dec 9, 2015.
  4. ^ Iran tests ballistic missile in defiance of UN resolution, US officials say
  5. ^ "Iran tests new ballistic missile hours after showing it off at military parade". CNN. 23 September 2017.
  6. ^ "New developments in Iran's ballistic missile program". Israel Hayom. Mar 15, 2019.
  7. ^ "New developments in Iran's ballistic missile program". Israel Hayom. Mar 15, 2019.
  8. ^ "New developments in Iran's ballistic missile program". Israel Hayom. Mar 15, 2019.
  9. ^ "Europe is 'saving' the Iran deal by ignoring the violations". New York Times. Dec 6, 2018.
  10. ^ "New developments in Iran's ballistic missile program". Israel Hayom. Mar 15, 2019.
  11. ^ "New developments in Iran's ballistic missile program". Israel Hayom. Mar 15, 2019.
  12. ^ "Iran unveils new ballistic missile at underground facility". Deutsche Welle. Feb 8, 2019.
  13. ^ "New developments in Iran's ballistic missile program". Israel Hayom. Mar 15, 2019.
  14. ^ "US asks UN Security Council to meet on 'destabilizing' Iran missile tests". i24news. Mar 12, 2016.
  15. ^ "پیام موشکی سپاه به زبان "عبری" مخابره شد: ישראל צריכה להימחק מעל+تصویر". Fars News Agency. Mar 10, 2016. Archived from the original on March 10, 2016.
  16. ^ Israel Radio, March 10, 2016.
  17. ^ "Iran 'conducts new ballistic missile tests'". BBC. Mar 8, 2016.
  18. ^ "Iran missile tests defied UN resolution, say US and European allies". Deutsche Welle. Mar 30, 2016.
  19. ^ Statement by National Security Advisor Michael T. Flynn on Iran
  20. ^ Treasury Sanctions Supporters of Iran’s Ballistic Missile Program and Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps – Qods Force
  21. ^ "Trump administration tightens Iran sanctions, Tehran hits back". Reuters. 3 February 2016.
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