Demographics of India: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|none}}<!-- None is correct - please see [[WP:SDNONE]] --> |
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{{About|the people from India||Indian (disambiguation)}} |
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{{About|the people from the republic of India||Indian (disambiguation){{!}}Indian}} |
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{{EngvarB|date=January 2015}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date= |
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2024}} |
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{{Use Indian English|date=November 2022}} |
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{{Infobox place demographics |
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| place = [[India]] |
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| image = India single age population pyramid 2020.png |
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| image_size = 350 |
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| caption = [[Population pyramid]] of India in 2020 |
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<!-- main demographics --> |
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| size_of_population = {{increase}} 1,425,775,850<ref>{{cite news|title=India overtakes China to become world's most populous country|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/apr/24/india-overtakes-china-to-become-worlds-most-populous-country|work=The Guardian|date=24 April 2023}}</ref> |
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|country = India |
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(April 2023 est.) |
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|image = File:India population density map en.svg |
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1,428,627,663<ref name="worldometers">{{cite web|title=worldometers|url=https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/india-population}}</ref> (Mid-year 2023 est.) |
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|caption = Map showing the population density of each district in India. |
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| density = 473.42 people per km<sup>2</sup> (2021 est.)<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |title=Population & Demography Data Explorer |url=https://ourworldindata.org/explorers/population-and-demography |access-date=31 May 2023 |website=Our World in Data}}</ref> |
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|size_of_population = 1,236,344,631 (July 2014 est.)<ref>{{cite web|title= CIA World Factbook - India| url= https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/in.html}}</ref> ([[List of countries by population|2nd]]) |
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| growth = 0.68% (2022 est.)<ref name="auto"/> |
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| birth = 16.1 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)<ref name="auto"/> |
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| death = 6.6 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)<ref name="auto"/> |
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|growth = {{increase}} 1.25% (2013) ([[List of countries by population growth rate|94th]]) |
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| life = {{increase}} 72.03 years (2023 est.)<ref name="worldometers"/> |
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| life_male = 70.5 years (2023 est.) |
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| life_female = 73.6 years (2023 est.) |
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| fertility = {{decrease}} 2.00 children born per woman (2023)<ref name="auto"/> |
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|life_male = 67.46 years (2009 est.) |
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| infant_mortality = 29.94 deaths/1,000 live births (2018)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://data.unicef.org/resources/data_explorer/unicef_f/?ag=UNICEF&df=GLOBAL_DATAFLOW&ver=1.0&dq=IND.CME_MRY0.&startPeriod=1970&endPeriod=2020|title = Data Warehouse}}</ref> |
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|life_female = 72.61 years (2009 est.) |
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| net_migration = 0.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.) |
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|fertility = 2.3 children born/woman (SRS 2013) |
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|age_0-14_years = 31.2% (male 190,075,426/female 172,799,553) (2009 est.) |
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|age_15-64_years = 63.6% (male 381,446,079/female 359,802,209) (2009 est.) |
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|age_65_years = 5.3% (male 29,364,920/female 32,591,030) (2009 est.) |
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|sr_total_mf_ratio = 1.06 male(s)/female (2009 est.) |
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|sr_at_birth = 1.10 male(s)/female (2013 est.) |
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|sr_0-4_years = 1.10 male(s)/female (2013 est.) |
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|sr_under_15 = 1.10 male(s)/female (2009 est.) |
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|sr_15-64_years = 1.06 male(s)/female (2009 est.) |
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|sr_65_years_over = 0.90 male(s)/female (2009 est.) |
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|major_ethnic = See [[Template:Ethnic groups of India|Ethnic Groups of India]] |
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|official = See [[Languages of India]] |
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}} |
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[[File:IndiaIBRdata.jpg|thumb|upright=1.28|Crude [[birth rate]] trends in India<br>(per 1000 people, national average)<ref name=npc1>{{cite web|title=Birth Rate, Death Rate, Infant Mortality Rate and Total Fertility Rate: India and States|publisher=National Commission on Population, Govt of India|year=2010|url=http://populationcommission.nic.in/india.htm}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Census India SRS Bulletins|publisher=Registrar General of India, Govt of India|year=2011|url=http://censusindia.gov.in/vital_statistics/SRS_Bulletins/Bulletins.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Census India SRS Bulletins|publisher=Registrar General of India, Govt of India|year=2013|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/vital_statistics/SRS_Reports_2013.html}}</ref>]] |
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[[File:IndiaIMRates.jpg|thumb|upright=1.28|[[Infant mortality]] rate trends in India<br>(per 1000 births, under age 1, national average)]] |
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[[India]] is the [[List of countries by population|second most populous]] country in the world, with over 1.285 billion people (2016), more than a sixth of the [[world's population]]. Already containing 17.5% of the world's population, India is projected to be the [[List of countries by past and future population#Country and territory breakdown by future population, from 2020 to 2050|world's most populous country]] by 2022, surpassing [[People's Republic of China|China]], its population reaching 1.6 billion by 2050.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/3575994.stm |title=India's population 'to be biggest' in the planet |publisher=BBC News |date=18 August 2004 |accessdate=2011-09-24}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=US Census Bureau, Demographic Internet Staff |url=http://www.census.gov/ipc/www/idb/informationGateway.php |title=United States Census Bureau - International Data Base (IDB) |publisher=Census.gov |date= |accessdate=2011-09-24}}</ref> Its population growth rate is 1.2%, ranking [[List of countries by population growth rate|94th]] in the world in 2013.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.GROW |title=Population growth (annual %) |website=World Bank |accessdate=20 January 2015}}</ref> The Indian population had reached the billion mark by 1998. |
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<!-- age structure --> |
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India has more than 50% of its population below the age of 25 and more than 65% below the age of 35. It is expected that, in 2020, the average age of an Indian will be 29 years, compared to 37 for China and 48 for Japan; and, by 2030, India's [[dependency ratio]] should be just over 0.4.<ref>{{cite news|last=Basu |first=Kaushik |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/6911544.stm |title=India's demographic dividend |publisher=BBC News |date=25 July 2007 |accessdate=2011-09-24}}</ref> |
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| age_0-14_years = 25.68% (male 183,695,000/female 166,295,000) (2021 est.) |
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| age_15-64_years = 67.49% (male 472,653,000/female 447,337,000) (2021 est.) |
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| age_65_years = 6.83% (male 44,275,000/female 48,751,000) (2021 est.) |
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<!-- sex ratio --> |
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| total_mf_ratio = 1.06 male(s)/female (2023)<ref name="CIAWFIN">{{cite web |title=SOUTH ASIAN :: INDIA |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/india/ |publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]] |access-date=11 April 2023}}</ref> |
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| sr_at_birth = 1.1 male(s)/female (2023)<ref name="CIAWFIN"/> |
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| sr_0-4_years = 1.10 male(s)/female (2013 est.) |
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| sr_under_15 = 1.11 male(s)/female (2023)<ref name="CIAWFIN"/> |
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| sr_15-64_years = 1.07 male(s)/female (2023 est.) |
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| sr_65_years_over = 0.85 male(s)/female (2023)<ref name="CIAWFIN"/> |
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<!-- nationality --> |
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India has more than two thousand [[Template:Ethnic Groups of India|ethnic groups]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Background Note: India|author=US Department of State|date=17 April 2012|url=http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3454.htm}}</ref> and every major [[Religion in India|religion]] is represented, as are four major [[Language family|families]] of [[languages of India|languages]] ([[Indo-European languages|Indo-European]], [[Dravidian languages|Dravidian]], [[Austroasiatic languages|Austroasiatic]] and [[Sino-Tibetan languages]]) as well as two [[language isolate]]s (the [[Nihali language]]<ref name="isolate">{{cite web| url=http://www.ethnologue.com/show_family.asp?subid=90087| title=Ethnologue report for Language Isolate| author=SIL International| accessdate=2007-10-11}}</ref> spoken in parts of [[Maharashtra]] and the [[Burushaski]] language spoken in parts of [[Jammu and Kashmir]]). |
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| nation = [[Indian people|Indian]] |
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| major_ethnic = {{unbulleted list |
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|{{Tree list}} |
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* {{steady}} [[Indo-European]] (70.66%) |
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** {{increase}} [[Indo-Aryan peoples|Indo-Aryan]] (68.91%) |
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*** {{increase}} [[Hindustani people|Hindustani]] (38.37%) |
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*** {{steady}} [[Bengalis|Bengali]] (7.91%) |
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**** {{decrease}} [[Bengalis|Bengali Hindus (ethnoreligious group)]] (6.15%) |
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**** {{increase}} [[Bengalis|Bengali Muslims (ethnoreligious group)]] (1.58%) |
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**** {{steady}} [[Bengalis|Other Bengalis]] (0.18%) |
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*** {{decrease}} [[Marathi people|Marathi]] (6.92%) |
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**** {{decrease}} [[Konkani people|Konkani-Marathis]] (1.50%) |
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***** {{steady}} [[Konkani people|Konkani]] (0.97%) |
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***** {{decrease}} [[Konkani people|Konkani-speaking Marathis]] (0.53%) |
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****** {{decrease}} [[Chitpavan Brahmins|Chitpavans]] (0.18%) |
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****** {{decrease}} [[Konkani people|Other Konkani speaking Marathis]] (0.35%) |
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**** {{increase}} [[Vidarbha|Vidarbha Marathis]] (1.20%) |
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**** {{increase}} [[Marathas|Marathas]] (2.00%) |
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**** {{decrease}} [[Marathi people|Other Marathis]] (2.22%) |
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*** {{steady}} [[Gujarati people|Gujarati]] (6.44%) |
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**** {{decrease}} [[Parsis|Gujarati Parsis]] (0.28%) |
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***** {{decrease}} [[Zoroastrian|Indian Zoroastrians]] (0.005%) |
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***** {{decrease}} [[Parsis|Indians with Parsi ancestry]] (0.275%) |
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**** {{steady}} [[Gujarati people|Other Gujaratis]] (6.16%) |
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*** {{decrease}} [[Punjabi people|Punjabi]] (4.49%) |
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**** {{decrease}} [[Doaba|Doabi]] (1.12%) |
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**** {{steady}} [[Malwai dialect|Malwai]] (0.98%) |
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**** {{decrease}} [[Punjabi people|Other Punjabis]] (2.39%) |
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*** {{steady}} [[Kashmiris]] (0.40%) |
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*** {{increase}} [[Bihari people|Bihari]] (2.35%) |
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*** {{increase}} [[Assamese people|Assamese]] (1.03%) |
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*** {{increase}} [[Indo-Aryan peoples|Other Indo-Aryans]] (1%) |
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** {{steady}} [[Iranian peoples|Iranian]] (1.75%) |
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Further complexity is lent by the great variation that occurs across this population on social parameters such as income and education. Only the continent of [[Africa]] exceeds the linguistic, genetic and cultural diversity of the nation of India.<ref>[http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/profiles/India.pdf India, a Country Study] ''United States Library of Congress, Note on Ethnic groups''</ref> |
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*** {{steady}} [[Iranis (India)|Irani Indians]] (1.25%) |
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*** {{increase}} [[Rohilla|Pashto-speaking Rohilla Pathans]] (0.50%) |
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* {{decrease}} [[Dravidian peoples|Dravidian]] (24.96%) |
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** {{decrease}} [[Telugu people|Telugu]] (7.97%) |
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*** {{decrease}} [[Rayalaseema|Rayalaseema]] (1.73%) |
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*** {{decrease}} [[Telangana|Telangana Telugus]] (1.63%) |
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*** {{decrease}} [[Telugu people|Coastal Andhra Telugus]] (3.82%) |
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*** {{increase}} [[Kolami|Telugu-Speaking Kolamis]] (0.12%) |
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*** {{increase}} [[Telugu people|Other Telugu Groups]] (0.67%) |
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** {{decrease}} [[Tamils|Tamil]] (6.47%) |
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*** {{increase}} [[Sri Lankan Tamil|Tamils with Srilankan ancestry]] (0.30%) |
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*** {{decrease}} [[Indian Tamil people|Other Tamils]] (6.17%) |
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** {{steady}} [[Kannadiga]] (5.46%) |
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*** {{decrease}} [[Coorgi|Coorgi]] (0.08%) |
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*** {{steady}} [[Karwar|Karwar]] (0.05%) |
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*** {{steady}} [[Kannadiga|Other Kannadigas]] (5.33%) |
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** {{decrease}} [[Malayali]] (3.08%)) |
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*** {{decrease}} [[Malayali people|Nadar]] (0.97%) |
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*** {{increase}} [[Malabar Coast|Mappila]] (1.08%) |
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*** {{decrease}} [[Malayali|Other Malayalis]] (1.03%) |
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** {{increase}} [[Gondi people|Gondi]] (0.25%) |
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** {{increase}} [[Kolami]] (0.30%) |
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** {{increase}} [[Kurukh people|Kurukh]] (0.22%) |
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** {{increase}} [[Malto people|Malto]] (0.22%) |
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** {{steady}} [[Dravidians|Other Dravidians]] (0.99%) |
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{{tree list/end}}}} |
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| minor_ethnic = {{unbulleted list |
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|{{Tree list}} |
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* {{increase}} [[Austro-Asiatic]] (1.48%) |
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** {{increase}} [[Austro-Asiatic languages|Santhali-Munda people]] (0.96%) |
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*** {{increase}} [[Munda people|Munda]] (0.56%) |
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**** {{increase}} [[Munda people|Kharia]] (0.20%) |
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**** {{increase}} [[Sabar people|Sabar]] (0.14%) |
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**** {{Increase}} [[Munda people|Other Munda people]] (0.22%) |
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*** {{increase}} [[Santal people|Santali]] (0.40%) |
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**** {{steady}} [[Santal people|Saharias]] (0.115%) |
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**** {{steady}} [[Santal people|Bhumijs]] (0.085%) |
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**** {{steady}} [[Santal people|Ho]] (0.045%) |
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**** {{increase}} [[Santal people|Other Santal tribes]] (0.155%) |
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** {{increase}} [[Khasic]] (0.26%) |
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*** {{increase}} [[Khasi people|Khasi]] (0.22%) |
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*** {{increase}} [[Khasi people|Other Khasi people]] (0.04%) |
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** {{steady}} [[Austro-Asiatic languages|Unidentified]] (0.26%) |
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* {{steady}} [[Tibeto-Burman]] (0.74%) |
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** {{steady}} [[Bodo–Kachari people|Bodo-Kachari]] (0.44%) |
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*** {{steady}} [[Boro people|Bodo]] (0.12%) |
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*** {{steady}} [[Boro people|Other Bodo tribes]] (0.32%) |
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** {{steady}} [[Naga people|Naga]] (0.21%) |
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*** {{decrease}} [[Angami Naga]] (0.08%) |
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***{{increase}} [[Naga people|Other Naga tribes]] (0.13%) |
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** {{increase}} [[Mising people|Mising]] (0.14%) |
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** {{steady}} [[Tibetans]] (0.09%) |
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*** {{increase}} [[Sherpa people|Sherpa]] (0.04%) |
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*** {{steady}} [[Tibetans|Other Tibetans]] (0.05%) |
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** {{steady}} [[Tibeto-Burman|Other Tibeto-Burman people]] (0.12%) |
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* {{steady}} [[Semitic people|Semitic]] (0.56%) |
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==History== |
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** {{steady}} [[Arab Muslims|Arab-Indian (Muslim)]] (0.49%) |
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It has been estimated that the population was about 100 million in 1600 and remained nearly static until the late 19th century. It reached 255 million according to the first census taken in 1881.<ref>Anatole Romaniuk, [https://ejournals.library.ualberta.ca/index.php/csp/article/download/21301/16105 review] of Parameswara Krishnan's ''Glimpses of Indian Historical Demography'', in ''Canadian Studies in Population'' 40.3–4 (2014): 248–251.</ref><ref>Parameswara Krishnan, ''Glimpses of Indian Historical Demography'' (Delhi: B.R. Publishing Corporation 2010) ISBN 978-8176466387.</ref> |
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*** {{decrease}} [[Hejaz|Hijazi Arabs]] (0.22%) |
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*** {{increase}} [[Arab Muslims|Other Arab Muslims]] (0.27%) |
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** {{decrease}} [[Arab Christians|Arab-Indian (Christian)]] (0.07%) |
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*** {{decrease}} [[Arab Christians|Syrian Arab Christians]] (0.05%) |
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*** {{decrease}} [[Arab Christians|Other Arab Christians]] (0.02%) |
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* {{steady}} [[Turkic peoples|Turkic]] (0.58%) |
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** {{steady}} [[Turkish people|Turks]] (0.58%) |
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* {{decrease}} Others (1.02%) |
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Studies of India's population since 1881 have focused on such topics as total population, birth and death rates, growth rates, geographic distribution, literacy, the rural and urban divide, cities of a million, and the three cities with populations over eight million: Delhi, Greater Mumbai (Bombay), and Kolkata (Calcutta).<ref>J.H. Khan, "Population growth and demographic change in India", ''Asian Profile'' (2004) 32#5 pp. 441–460.</ref> |
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** {{decrease}} [[Anglo-Indians]] (0.31%) |
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** {{decrease}} [[Luso-Indians]] (0.11%) |
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** {{decrease}} [[Assyrian people|Assyrian-Indians]] (0.08%) |
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** {{decrease}} [[Armenian people|Armenian-Indians]] (0.05%) |
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** {{increase}} [[Ethnic groups|Other Ethnicities]] (0.47%) |
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*** {{increase}} [[Jewish Indians|Indian Jews]] (0.05%) |
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*** {{increase}} Other minorities (0.42%) |
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{{tree list/end}}}} |
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| official = See [[Languages of India]] |
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| spoken = {{plainlist| |
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*[[Hindi language|Hindi]] 43.6% |
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*[[Bengali language|Bengali]] 8% |
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*[[Marathi language|Marathi]] 6.9% |
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*[[Telugu language|Telugu]] 6.8% |
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*[[Tamil language|Tamil]] 6.7% |
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*[[Gujarati language|Gujarati]] 4.6% |
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*[[Urdu language|Urdu]] 4.2% |
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*[[Kannada language|Kannada]] 3.6% |
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*[[Odia language|Odia]] 3.1% |
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*[[Malayalam language|Malayalam]] 2.9% |
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*[[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] 2.7% |
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*[[Assamese language|Assamese]] 1.3% |
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*[[Maithili language|Maithili]] 1.1% |
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*[[Languages of India|other]] 5.6% |
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*(2011)<ref name="CIAWFIN"/>}} |
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}} |
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[[India]] is the [[List of countries and dependencies by population|most populous country in the world]] with one-sixth of the [[world's population]]. |
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Mortality rates fell in the period 1920–45, primarily due to biological immunisation. Other factors included rising incomes, better living conditions, improved nutrition, a safer and cleaner environment, and better official health policies and medical care.<ref>Ira Klein, "Population growth and mortality in British India: Part II: [http://ier.sagepub.com/content/27/1/33 The demographic revolution]," ''Indian Economic Social History Review'' (1990) 27#1 pp 33-63 doi: 10.1177/001946469002700102.</ref> |
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According to estimates from the [[United Nations]] (UN), India has overtaken China as the country with the [[List of countries by population (United Nations)|largest population in the world]], with a population of 1,425,775,850 at the end of April 2023.<ref>UN Population Census Estimats</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Marriner |first=Katie |title=India is overtaking China today as the world's most populous country – according to this projection |url=https://www.marketwatch.com/story/india-is-overtaking-china-today-as-the-worlds-most-populous-country-according-to-this-projection-d268ead9 |access-date=2023-04-15 |website=MarketWatch}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=24 April 2023 |title=India to overtake China as world's most populous country in April 2023, United Nations projects |url=https://www.un.org/en/desa/india-overtake-china-world-most-populous-country-april-2023-united-nations-projects#:~:text=Smith%20Mehta%2Funsplash.-,India%20to%20overtake%20China%20as%20world's%20most%20populous%20country%20in,the%20world's%20most%20populous%20country |access-date=27 April 2023 |publisher=[[United Nations]]}}</ref><ref name="The Economic Times">{{Cite news |date=2023-04-20 |title=India overtakes China to become world's most populous nation with 1.428 billion people: UN |work=The Economic Times |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/india/india-population-to-surpass-china-mid-year-un-estimates/articleshow/99605379.cms |access-date=2023-08-01 |issn=0013-0389}}</ref> |
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Between 1975 and 2010, the population doubled to 1.2 billion, reaching the billion mark in 2000. According to the UN's World Population dashboard, India's population now stands at slightly over 1.428 billion, edging past China's population of 1.425 billion people, as reported by the news agency Bloomberg.<ref name="The Economic Times"/> In 2015, India's population was predicted to reach 1.7 billion by 2050.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/30/world/asia/india-will-be-most-populous-country-sooner-than-thought-un-says.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220103/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/30/world/asia/india-will-be-most-populous-country-sooner-than-thought-un-says.html |archive-date=3 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=India Will Be Most Populous Country Sooner Than Thought, U.N. Says|work=[[The New York Times]]|author=Rick Gladstone|access-date=7 November 2016|date=29 July 2015}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/ipc/www/idb/informationGateway.php |title=United States Census Bureau – International Data Base (IDB) |publisher=Census.gov |access-date=24 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110625055059/http://www.census.gov/ipc/www/idb/informationGateway.php |archive-date=25 June 2011 }}</ref> In 2017 its population growth rate was 0.98%, ranking [[List of countries by population growth rate|112th]] in the world; in contrast, from 1972 to 1983, India's population grew by an annual rate of 2.3%.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.GROW |title=Population growth (annual %) |publisher=World Bank |access-date=20 January 2015}}</ref> |
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==Salient features== |
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India occupies 2.4% of the world's land area but supports over 17.5% of the world's population. At the 2001 census 72.2% of the population<ref name="censusindia2001">[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/India_at_glance/rural.aspx Rural-Urban distribution] ''Census of India: Census Data 2001: India at a glance >> Rural-Urban Distribution.'' Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved on 2008-11-26.</ref> lived in about 638,000 villages<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Census_data_finder/A_Series/Number_of_Village.htm Number of Villages] ''Census of India: Number of Villages'' Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved on 2008-11-26.</ref> and the remaining 27.8%<ref name="censusindia2001"/> lived in more than 5,100 towns and over 380 [[urban agglomerations]].<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Census_data_finder/A_Series/Urban_agglomerations.htm Urban Agglomerations and Towns] ''Census of India: Urban Agglomerations and Towns.'' Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved on 2008-11-26.</ref> |
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In 2023, the [[List of countries by median age|median age]] of an Indian was 29.5 years,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Median age – The World Factbook |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/median-age/country-comparison |access-date=16 May 2022 |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref> compared to 39.8 for China and 49.5 for Japan; and, by 2030; India's [[dependency ratio]] will be just over 0.4.<ref>{{cite news|last=Basu |first=Kaushik |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/6911544.stm |title=India's demographic dividend |publisher=BBC News|date=25 July 2007 |access-date=24 September 2011}}</ref> However, the number of [[Youth in India|children in India]] peaked more than a decade ago and is now falling. The number of children under the age of five peaked in 2007, and since then the number has been falling. The number of Indians under 15 years old peaked slightly later (in 2011) and is now also declining.<ref>{{Cite web|title=India's population growth will come to an end: the number of children has already peaked|url=https://ourworldindata.org/indias-population-growth-will-come-to-an-end|access-date=28 May 2021|website=Our World in Data}}</ref> |
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India's population has exceeded that of the entire continent of Africa by 200 million people.<ref>{{cite web|title=World Population Prospects, the 2010 Revision|publisher=United Nations|date=28 June 2011|url=http://esa.un.org/wpp/Excel-Data/population.htm}}</ref> However, because Africa's population growth is nearly double that of India, it is expected to surpass both China and India by 2025. |
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India has many ethnic groups,<ref>{{cite web|title=Background Note: India|author=US Department of State|date=17 April 2012|url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3454.htm}}</ref> and every major [[Religion in India|religion]] is represented, as are four major [[Language family|families]] of [[languages of India|languages]] ([[Indo-European languages|Indo-European]], [[Dravidian languages|Dravidian]], [[Austroasiatic languages|Austroasiatic]] and [[Sino-Tibetan languages]]) as well as two [[language isolate]]s: the [[Nihali language]],<ref name="isolate">{{cite web| url=http://www.ethnologue.com/show_family.asp?subid=90087| title=Ethnologue report for Language Isolate| author=SIL International| access-date=11 October 2007}}</ref> spoken in parts of [[Maharashtra]], and the [[Burushaski]] language, spoken in parts of [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]. 1,000,000 people in India are [[Anglo-Indian people|Anglo-Indians]] and between 25,000 and 70,000 people are [[Siddi| Siddhis]],who are descendants of Bantu slaves brought by [[Arabs]], [[Persians]] and [[Portugal|Portuguese]] to the western coast of India during the [[Medieval India| Middle Ages]] and [[ Colonial India|the colonial period]]. They represent over 0.1% of the total population of India. Overall, only the continent of Africa exceeds the linguistic, genetic and cultural diversity of the nation of India.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/profiles/India.pdf |title=Country Profile: India|publisher=Library of Congress – Federal Research Division|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090324214217/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/profiles/India.pdf|archive-date=24 March 2009}}</ref> |
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===Comparative demographics=== |
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The [[human sex ratio|sex ratio]] was 944 females for 1000 males in 2016, and 940 per 1000 in 2011.<ref name="2011 Provisional population tables">{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/data_files/india/Final%20PPT%202011_progresstables.pdf|title=Population|work=Government of India (2011)|publisher=Census of India|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120110115944/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/data_files/india/Final%20PPT%202011_progresstables.pdf|archive-date=10 January 2012}}</ref> This ratio has been showing an upwards trend for the last two decades after a continuous decline in the 20th century.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://opengovernanceindia.org/eonthqb/sex-ratio-trend-over-century-in-india|title=Sex Ratio Trend over Century in India – Open Governance India|work=Knoema|access-date=16 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180116140119/http://opengovernanceindia.org/eonthqb/sex-ratio-trend-over-century-in-india|archive-date=16 January 2018}}</ref> |
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==History== |
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{{See also|Economic history of India}} |
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[[File:Historical population of India and China.svg|thumb|left|Historical population of India and China since 1100 with projection to 2100]] |
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===Prehistory to early 19th century=== |
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{{See also|Estimates of historical world population}} |
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The following table lists estimates for the population of India (including what are now [[Pakistan]] and [[Bangladesh]]) from prehistory up until 1820. It includes estimates and growth rates according to five economic historians, along with [[Interpolation|interpolated]] estimates and overall [[Aggregate data|aggregate]] averages derived from their estimates.<ref>Angus Maddison, The World Economy: Historical Statistics, Statistical Appendix (2007, ggdc.net). |
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Estimates cited are for the beginning of the 1st millennium ("year 0"), the beginning of the 2nd millennium ("year 1000"), and for the beginning each century since the 16th (years 1820 and 1913 are given for the 19th and 20th century, respectively, as Maddison presents detailed estimates for these years), and a projection for the year 2030.</ref> |
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<ref name="ggdc.net">{{cite web|url=https://www.academia.edu/38602317/ANGUS_MADDISON|title=Growth of World Population, GDP and GDP Per Capita before 1820|author=Angus Maddison|date=2001|page=238 }}</ref> |
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{| class="wikitable" |
{| class="wikitable" |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! rowspan="2" scope="col" | Year |
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! '''Category''' !! '''Global Ranking''' !! Notes (Reference) |
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! colspan="2" | [[Angus Maddison|Maddison]] (2001)<ref name="maddison">[[Angus Maddison]] (2001), ''[[The World Economy: Historical Statistics|The World Economy: A Millennial Perspective]]'', [http://theunbrokenwindow.com/Development/MADDISON%20The%20World%20Economy--A%20Millennial.pdf#page=242 pages 241–242], [[OECD Development Centre]]</ref> |
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! colspan="2" | [[Colin Clark (economist)|Clark]] (1967)<ref>{{cite book|author=[[Colin Clark (economist)|Colin Clark]]|title=Population Growth and Land Use|publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media]]|year=1977|page=64|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0KKvCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA64|isbn=9781349157754}}</ref><ref name="maddison236">[[Angus Maddison]] (2001), ''[[The World Economy: Historical Statistics|The World Economy: A Millennial Perspective]]'', [http://theunbrokenwindow.com/Development/MADDISON%20The%20World%20Economy--A%20Millennial.pdf#page=237 page 236], [[OECD Development Centre]]</ref><ref>John D. Durand, 1974, [http://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1009&context=psc_penn_papers Historical Estimates of World Population: An Evaluation], [[University of Pennsylvania]], Population Center, Analytical and Technical Reports, Number 10, page 9</ref> |
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! colspan="2" | Biraben (1979)<ref name="maddison236"/><ref>{{cite book|title=Structure, Culture, and History: Recent Issues in Social Theory|author=Sing C. Chew, J. David Knottnerus|publisher=[[Rowman & Littlefield]]|year=2002|page=185|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3WzXroSxMb0C&pg=PA185|isbn=9780847698370}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Demography: Analysis and Synthesis|author=Guillaume Wunsch, Graziella Caselli, Jacques Vallin|publisher=[[Academic Press]]|year=2005|chapter=Population in Time and Space|page=34|isbn=978-0-12-765660-1 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nmgNXoiAiU4C&pg=RA2-PA34}}</ref> |
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! colspan="2" | Durand (1974)<ref>John D. Durand, 1974, [http://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1009&context=psc_penn_papers Historical Estimates of World Population: An Evaluation], [[University of Pennsylvania]], Population Center, Analytical and Technical Reports, Number 10, page 10</ref><ref name="maddison236"/> |
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! colspan="2" | [[Colin McEvedy|McEvedy]] (1978)<ref>{{cite book |author1=Colin McEvedy |author-link1=Colin McEvedy |author2=Richard Jones |date=1978 |title=Atlas of World Population History |publisher=[[Facts on File]] |location=New York |pages=182–185 |url=http://www.arabgeographers.net/up/uploads/14299936761.pdf#page=92}}</ref><ref name="maddison236"/> |
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! colspan="2" | [[Aggregate data|Aggregate]] average |
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! rowspan="2" | Period |
|||
! rowspan="2" | Average <br> % growth <br> / century |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! scope="col" data-sort-type="number" | Population |
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| Area || 7th || <ref name=ciawfb>{{cite web|title=CIA World Factbook|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency, USA|accessdate=January 2012|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/in.html}}</ref> |
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! scope="col" data-sort-type="number" | [[Compound growth|% growth]] <br> / century |
|||
! scope="col" data-sort-type="number" | Population |
|||
! scope="col" data-sort-type="number" | % growth <br> / century |
|||
! scope="col" data-sort-type="number" | Population |
|||
! scope="col" data-sort-type="number" | % growth <br> / century |
|||
! scope="col" data-sort-type="number" | Population |
|||
! scope="col" data-sort-type="number" | % growth <br> / century |
|||
! scope="col" data-sort-type="number" | Population |
|||
! scope="col" data-sort-type="number" | % growth <br> / century |
|||
! scope="col" data-sort-type="number" | Population |
|||
! scope="col" data-sort-type="number" | % growth <br> / century |
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|- |
|- |
||
| [[10,000 BC]] |
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| Population || 2nd || <ref name=ciawfb/> |
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| {{n/a}} |
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| {{n/a}} |
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| {{n/a}} |
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| {{n/a}} |
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| {{n/a}} |
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| {{n/a}} |
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| {{n/a}} |
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| {{n/a}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:100000}} |
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| {{n/a}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:100000}} |
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| {{n/a}} |
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| rowspan="2" | [[South Asian Stone Age|Stone Age]] |
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| rowspan="2" | 3.9 |
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|- |
|- |
||
| 4000 BC |
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| Population growth rate || 102nd of 212 || in 2010<ref name=WB2012>{{cite web|title=World Bank Indicators Databank, by topic|publisher=The World Bank|accessdate=January 2012|url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator}}</ref> |
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| {{n/a}} |
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| {{n/a}} |
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| {{n/a}} |
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| {{n/a}} |
|||
| {{n/a}} |
|||
| {{n/a}} |
|||
| {{n/a}} |
|||
| {{n/a}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1000000}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | 3.9 |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1000000}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | 3.9 |
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|- |
|- |
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| 2000 BC |
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| Population density <br>(people per square kilometer of land area) || 24th of 212 || in 2010<ref name=WB2012/> |
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| {{n/a}} |
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| {{n/a}} |
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| {{n/a}} |
|||
| {{n/a}} |
|||
| {{n/a}} |
|||
| {{n/a}} |
|||
| {{n/a}} |
|||
| {{n/a}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:6000000}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | 9.4 |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:6000000}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | 9.4 |
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| [[Bronze Age India|Bronze Age]] |
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| 9.4 |
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|- |
|- |
||
| 500 BC |
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| Male to Female ratio, at birth || 12th of 214 || in 2009<ref>{{cite web|title=Gender Statistics Highlights from 2012 World Development Report|publisher=World DataBank, a compilation of databases by the World Bank|date=February 2012|url=http://databank.worldbank.org/ddp/home.do}}</ref> |
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|} |
| {{n/a}} |
||
| {{n/a}} |
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| {{n/a}} |
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===List of states and union territories by demographics=== |
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| {{n/a}} |
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{{Main|2011 census of India#Population|l1=List of States and Union Territories by demographics}} |
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| {{n/a}} |
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| {{n/a}} |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable" |
|||
| {{n/a}} |
|||
| {{n/a}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:25000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 10 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:25000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 10 |
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| rowspan="2" | [[Iron Age in India|Iron Age]] |
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| rowspan="2" | 10.2 |
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|- |
|- |
||
| 400 BC |
|||
! align="center”|S.No. !! align="center"|Census Year !! align="center"|Population <ref name="Census Population">{{cite web|url=http://indiabudget.nic.in/es2006-07/chapt2007/tab97.pdf|title=Census Population|work=Census of India|publisher=Ministry of Finance India|accessdate= January 1, 2014|format=PDF}}</ref> !! align="center"|% Change <ref name="Census Population" /> |
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| {{n/a}} |
|||
| {{n/a}} |
|||
| {{n/a}} |
|||
| {{n/a}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:30000000}} |
|||
| {{n/a}} |
|||
| {{n/a}} |
|||
| {{n/a}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26600000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:28300000}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | 13.2 |
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|- |
|- |
||
| 200 BC |
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| align="center"|1 || align="center"|1951 || align="right"|361,088,000 || align="right"|----- |
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| {{n/a}} |
|||
| {{n/a}} |
|||
| {{n/a}} |
|||
| {{n/a}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:55000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 35.4 |
|||
| {{n/a}} |
|||
| {{n/a}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:30000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:42500000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 22.5 |
|||
| [[Maurya Empire|Maurya era]] |
|||
| 22.5 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1 AD |
|||
| align="center"|2 || align="center"|1961 || align="right"|439,235,000 || align="right"|21.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:75000000}} |
|||
| {{n/a}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:70000000}} |
|||
| {{n/a}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:46000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | –9.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:75000000}} |
|||
| {{n/a}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:34000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:60000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 18.8 |
|||
| rowspan="4" | [[Classical India|Classical <br> era]] |
|||
| rowspan="4" | 5.3 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 200 |
|||
| align="center"|3 || align="center"|1971 || align="right"|548,160,000 || align="right"|24.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:75000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:72500000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 1.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:45000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | –1.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:75000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:39000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:61300000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 1.1 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 400 |
|||
| align="center"|4 || align="center"|1981 || align="right"|683,329,000 || align="right"|24.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:75000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:75000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 1.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:32000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | –18.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:75000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:45000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:60400000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | –0.7 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 500 |
|||
| align="center"|5 || align="center"|1991 || align="right"|846,387,888 || align="right"|23.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:75000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:75000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:33000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 3.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:75000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:48000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:61200000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 1.3 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 600 |
|||
| align="center"|6 || align="center"|2001 || align="right"|1,028,737,436 || align="right"|21.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:75000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:75000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:37000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:75000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:51000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:62600000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 2.3 |
|||
| rowspan="5" | [[Middle kingdoms of India|Early <br> medieval <br> era]] |
|||
| rowspan="5" | 1.9 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 700 |
|||
| align="center"|7 || align="center"|2011 || align="right"|1,210,726,932 || align="right"|17.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:75000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:75000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:50000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 35.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:75000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:56500000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 10.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:66300000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.9 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 800 |
|||
|} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:75000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0 |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable" |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:75000000}} |
|||
|+ Population distribution in India by states per 2001 census |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:43000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | –16.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:75000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:62000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 10.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:66000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | –0.5 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 900 |
|||
! S.No. |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:75000000}} |
|||
! [[States and territories of India|State / Union Territory]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0 |
|||
! Type |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:72500000}} |
|||
! Population<ref name="Population by Rural Vs Urban">{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Census_Data_Online/Population/Total_Population.aspx|title=Population|work=Government of India (2001)|publisher=Census of India|accessdate=2008-10-26}}</ref> |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | –3.5 |
|||
! %<!-- Per cent(%) of Total Population --><ref name="States and UT %">{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Data_Products/Library/Provisional_Population_Total_link/PDF_Links/chapter3.pdf|title=Ranking of States and Union territories by population size: 1991 and 2001|work=Government of India (2001)|publisher=Census of India|pages=5–6|accessdate=2008-12-12}}</ref> |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:38000000}} |
|||
! Area (km²)<ref name="Area of India/state/district">{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Census_Data_Online/Administrative_Divisions/Area_of_India.aspx|title=Area of India/state/district|work=Government of India (2001)|publisher=Census of India|accessdate=2008-10-27}}</ref> |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | –13.2 |
|||
! Density (per km²) |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:75000000}} |
|||
! Males<ref name="Population by Rural Vs Urban" /> |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0 |
|||
! Females<ref name="Population by Rural Vs Urban" /> |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:69500000}} |
|||
! [[Sex Ratio]]<ref name="2011 Provisional population tables">{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/data_files/india/Final%20PPT%202011_progresstables.pdf|title=Population|work=Government of India (2011)|publisher=Census of India}}</ref> |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 11.4 |
|||
! Literacy <!-- (%) --> |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:66000000}} |
|||
! Rural Population<ref name="Population by Rural Vs Urban" /> |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0 |
|||
! Urban Population<ref name="Population by Rural Vs Urban" /> |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1000 |
|||
| 1 || align="left"|[[Uttar Pradesh]] || State ||166,197,921|| 16.50 || 240,928 || 828 ||87,565,369||78,632,552|| 912 || 67.68 || 131,658,339 || 34,539,582 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:75000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:70000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | –3.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:40000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:75000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:77000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 11.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:67400000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 2.1 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1100 |
|||
| 2 || align="left"|[[Maharashtra]] || State ||96,878,627|| 9.28 || 307,713 || 365 ||50,400,596||46,478,031|| 929 || 82.34 || 55,777,647 || 41,100,980 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:81000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:72500000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 3.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:51000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 27.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:81300000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:80000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 3.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:73200000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.6 |
|||
| rowspan="5" | [[Medieval India|Late <br> medieval <br> era]] |
|||
| rowspan="5" | 8.1 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1200 |
|||
| 3 || align="left"|[[Bihar]] || State ||82,998,509|| 8.60 || 94,163 || 1,102 ||43,243,795||39,754,714|| 918 || 61.80 || 74,316,709 || 8,681,800 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:87500000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:75000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 3.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:65100000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 27.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:88200000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:83000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 3.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:79800000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 9 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1300 |
|||
| 4 || align="left"|[[West Bengal]] || State ||80,176,197|| 7.54 || 88,752 || 1,030 ||41,465,985||38,710,212|| 950 || 76.26 || 57,748,946 || 22,427,251 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:94500000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:75000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:83000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 27.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:95700000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:88000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:87200000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.3 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1400 |
|||
| 5 || align="left"|[[Madhya Pradesh]] || State ||60,348,023|| 6.00 || 308,245 || 236 ||31,443,652||28,904,371|| 931 || 69.32 || 44,380,878 || 15,967,145 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:102000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:77000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 3.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:88800000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:103700000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:94000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:92900000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1500 |
|||
| 6 || align="left"|[[Tamil Nadu]] || State ||62,405,679|| 5.96 || 130,058 || 555 ||31,400,909||31,004,770|| 996 || 80.09 || 34,921,681 || 27,483,998 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:110000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:79000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 3.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:95000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:112500000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:100000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:99300000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1600 |
|||
| 7 || align="left"|[[Rajasthan]] || State ||56,507,188|| 5.66 || 342,239 || 201 ||29,420,011||27,087,177|| 928 || 66.11 || 43,292,813 || 13,214,375 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:135000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 22.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:100000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 26.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:145000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 52.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:135800000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:130000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 30 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:129200000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 30.1 |
|||
| rowspan="3" | [[Mughal Empire|Mughal era]] |
|||
| rowspan="3" | 31.9 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1650 |
|||
| 8 || align="left"|[[Karnataka]] || State ||52,850,562|| 5.05 || 191,791 || 319 ||26,898,918||25,951,644|| 973 || 75.36 || 34,889,033 || 17,961,529 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:150000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 22.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:150000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 125 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:160000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:149100000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:145000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 24.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:150800000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 36.2 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1700 |
|||
| 9 || align="left"|[[Gujarat]] || State ||50,671,017|| 4.99 || 196,024 || 308 ||26,385,577||24,285,440|| 919 || 78.03 || 31,740,767 || 18,930,250 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:165000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 22.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:200000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 77.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:175000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:163900000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:160000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:172800000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 31.3 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1750 |
|||
| 10 || align="left"|[[Andhra Pradesh]] (pre-bifurcation) || State ||76,210,007|| 4.08 || 160,200 || 308 ||38,527,413||37,682,594|| 996 || 67.41 || 34,776,389 || 14,610,410 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:182100000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:200000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:182700000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:180000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:170000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:183000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.1 |
|||
| rowspan="3" | [[Colonial India|Colonial <br> era]] |
|||
| rowspan="3" | 12.2 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1800 |
|||
| 11 || align="left"|[[Odisha]] || State ||36,804,660|| 3.47 || 155,707 || 269 ||18,660,570||18,144,090|| 979 || 72.87 || 31,287,422 || 5,517,238 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:200900000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:190000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | –10.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:190700000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 9 |
|||
| {{n/a}} |
|||
| {{n/a}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:185000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 18.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:190400000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1820 |
|||
| 12 || align="left"|[[Telangana]] || State || 35,193,978 || 2.9 || 114,845 || 308 || 42,442,146 || 42,138,631 || 990 || 66.83 || 20,624,678 || 6,198,530 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:209000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:190000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:194000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 9 |
|||
| {{n/a}} |
|||
| {{n/a}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:200000000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 47.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:198300000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 22 |
|||
|} |
|||
The population grew from the [[South Asian Stone Age]] in 10,000 BC to the [[Maurya Empire]] in 200 BC at a steadily increasing growth rate,<ref name="mcevedy184">{{cite book |author1=Colin McEvedy |url=http://www.arabgeographers.net/up/uploads/14299936761.pdf#page=92 |title=Atlas of World Population History |author2=Richard Jones |date=1978 |publisher=[[Facts on File]] |location=New York |pages=184–185 |author-link1=Colin McEvedy}}</ref> before population growth slowed down in the [[Classical India|classical era]] up to 500 AD, and then became largely stagnant during the [[Middle kingdoms of India|early medieval era]] era up to 1000 AD.<ref name="maddison"/><ref name="maddison236"/> The population growth rate then increased in the [[Medieval India|late medieval era]] (during the [[Delhi Sultanate]]) from 1000 to 1500.<ref name="maddison"/><ref name="maddison236"/> |
|||
Under the [[Mughal Empire]], India experienced a high economic and demographic upsurge,<ref name="mcevedy184" /> due to Mughal [[agrarian reform]]s that intensified agricultural production.<ref name="richards">[[John F. Richards]] (1995), [https://books.google.com/books?id=HHyVh29gy4QC&pg=PA190 ''The Mughal Empire'', page 190], [[Cambridge University Press]]</ref> 15% of the population lived in urban centres, higher than the percentage of the population in 19th-century [[British India]]<ref name="eraly">[[Abraham Eraly]] (2007), [https://books.google.com/books?id=Zpa8gyGW_twC&pg=PA5 ''The Mughal World: Life in India's Last Golden Age'', page 5], [[Penguin Books]]</ref> and contemporary Europe<ref name="eraly"/> up until the 19th century.<ref name="Malanima">{{cite book|title=Pre-Modern European Economy: One Thousand Years (10th–19th Centuries)|author=Paolo Malanima|publisher=[[Brill Publishers]]|year=2009|page=244|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=C1Ej4VEPwSgC&pg=PA244|isbn=978-9004178229|author-link=Paolo Malanima}}</ref> These estimates by [[Abraham Eraly]]<ref name="eraly"/> and [[Paolo Malanima]]<ref name="Malanima"/> have been criticised by [[Tim Dyson]], who considers them exaggerations and estimates urbanisation of the Mughal Empire to be less than 9% of the population.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Tim|first=Dyson|title=A Population History of India: From the First Modern People to the Present Day.|year=2018|pages=63–65}}</ref> |
|||
Under the reign of [[Akbar]] (reigned 1556–1605) in 1600, the Mughal Empire's urban population was up to 17 million people, larger than the urban population in Europe.<ref name="habib170">{{cite book |author=[[Irfan Habib]] |author2=[[Dharma Kumar]] |author3=[[Tapan Raychaudhuri]]|title=The Cambridge Economic History of India|volume=1|page=170|year=1987|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|url=http://www.hkrdb.kar.nic.in/documents/Downloads/Good%20Reads/The%20Cambridge%20Economic%20History%20of%20India,%20Volume%201.pdf#page=186}}</ref> By 1700, Mughal India had an urban population of 23 million people, larger than British India's urban population of 22.3 million in 1871.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Broadberry|first1=Stephen|last2=Gupta|first2=Bishnupriya|title=Indian GDP before 1870: Some preliminary estimates and a comparison with Britain|url=http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/economics/staff/sbroadberry/wp/indiangdppre1870v4.pdf#page=23|page=23|publisher=[[Warwick University]]|year=2010|access-date=12 October 2015}}</ref> [[Nizamuddin Ahmad]] (1551–1621) reported that, under Akbar's reign, Mughal India had 120 large cities and 3,200 townships.<ref name="eraly" /> A number of cities in India had a population between a quarter-million and half-million people,<ref name="eraly" /> with larger cities including [[Agra]] (in [[Agra Subah]]) with up to 800,000 people<ref>{{cite book |author=[[Irfan Habib]] |author2=[[Dharma Kumar]] |author3=[[Tapan Raychaudhuri]]|title=The Cambridge Economic History of India|volume=1|page=171|year=1987|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|url=http://www.hkrdb.kar.nic.in/documents/Downloads/Good%20Reads/The%20Cambridge%20Economic%20History%20of%20India,%20Volume%201.pdf#page=187}}</ref> and [[Dhaka]] (in [[Bengal Subah]]) with over 1 million people.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pKIlAQAAMAAJ|title=Social Science Review|date=24 July 1997|publisher=Registrar, Dhaka University|via=Google Books}}</ref> Mughal India also had a large number of villages, with 455,698 villages by the time of [[Aurangzeb]] (reigned 1658–1707).<ref name="habib170" /> |
|||
=== Late 19th century to early 20th century === |
|||
The [[total fertility rate]] is the number of children born per woman. It is based on fairly good data for the entire years. Sources: [[Our World in Data]] and [[Gapminder Foundation]].<ref name="ourworldindata.org">{{citation|url=https://ourworldindata.org/fertility-rate|title=Fertility Rate|author=Max Roser|year=2014|work=[[Our World in Data]], [[Gapminder Foundation]]}}</ref> |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right" |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! Years !! 1880!!1881!!1882!!1883!!1884!!1885!!1886!!1887!!1888!!1889!!1890!!1902<ref name="ourworldindata.org" /> |
|||
| 13 || align="left"|[[Kerala]] || State ||31,841,374|| 2.76 || 38,863 || 859 ||15,468,614||16,372,760|| 1084 || 95.50 || 23,574,449 || 8,266,925 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| align="left"|Total Fertility Rate in India||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.95|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.92 ||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.89||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.86||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.82||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.79||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.38||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.76||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.76||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.75||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.75||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.75 |
|||
| 14 || align="left"|[[Jharkhand]]|| State ||26,945,829|| 2.72 || 79,714 || 414 ||13,885,037||13,060,792|| 948 || 66.41 || 20,952,088 || 5,993,741 |
|||
|} |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right" |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! Years !! 1921!!1922!!1923!!1924!!1925!!1926!!1927!!1928!!1929!!1930<ref name="ourworldindata.org" /> |
|||
| 15 || align="left"|[[Assam]] || State ||26,655,528|| 2.58 || 78,438 || 397 ||13,777,037||12,878,491|| 958 || 72.19 || 23,216,288 || 3,439,240 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| align="left"|Total Fertility Rate in India||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.761 ||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.77||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.78||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.79||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.8||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.81||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.82||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.83||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.85||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.86 |
|||
| 16 || align="left"|[[Punjab, India|Punjab]] || State ||24,358,999|| 2.29 || 50,362 || 550 ||12,985,045||11,373,954|| 895 || 75.84 || 16,096,488 || 8,262,511 |
|||
|} |
|||
[[Life expectancy]] from 1881 to 1950 |
|||
{| class="wikitable" |
|||
!Years |
|||
!1881 |
|||
!1891 |
|||
!1901 |
|||
!1905 |
|||
!1911 |
|||
!1915 |
|||
!1921 |
|||
!1925 |
|||
!1931 |
|||
!1935 |
|||
!1941 |
|||
!1950<ref name=":02">{{Cite web|url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/life-expectancy?year=1810|title=Life expectancy|website=Our World in Data|access-date=28 August 2018}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|Life expectancy in India |
|||
| 17 || align="left"|[[Chhattisgarh]] || State ||20,833,803|| 2.11 || 135,191 || 189 ||10,474,218||10,359,585|| 991 || 70.28 || 16,648,056 || 4,185,747 |
|||
|25.4 |
|||
|24.3 |
|||
|23.5 |
|||
|24.0 |
|||
|23.2 |
|||
|24.0 |
|||
|24.9 |
|||
|27.6 |
|||
|29.3 |
|||
|31.0 |
|||
|32.6 |
|||
|35.4 |
|||
|} |
|||
The population of India under the [[British Raj]] (including what are now Pakistan and Bangladesh) according to censuses: |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable" |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! scope="col" style="text-align: left;" | [[Census of India|Census year]] |
|||
| 18|| align="left"|[[Haryana]] || State ||21,144,564|| 2.09 || 44,212 || 573 ||11,363,953||9,780,611|| 879 || 75.55 || 15,029,260 || 6,115,304 |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | [[List of states in India by past population|Population]] |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Growth (%) |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1871<ref name="chaf.lib.latrobe.edu.au">{{cite web|url=http://www.chaf.lib.latrobe.edu.au/dcd/default.htm |title=Digital Colonial Documents (India) |access-date=9 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110408000302/http://www.chaf.lib.latrobe.edu.au/dcd/default.htm |archive-date=8 April 2011 }}</ref> |
|||
| 19 || align="left"|[[Delhi]] || UT ||13,850,507|| 1.39 || 1484 || 11297 ||7,607,234||6,243,273|| 868 || 86.21 || 944,727 || 12,905,780 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:238830958}} |
|||
| {{n/a}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1881<ref>{{cite book|title=Census of the British empire: 1901|publisher=[[Census in the United Kingdom|Great Britain Census Office]]|year=1906|page=xviii|url=https://archive.org/stream/cu31924030396067#page/n21/mode/2up}}</ref> |
|||
| 20 || align="left"|[[Jammu and Kashmir]] || State ||10,143,700|| 1.04 || 222,236 || 56 ||5,360,926||4,782,774|| 889 || 67.16 || 7,627,062 || 2,516,638 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:253896330}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.3 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1891<ref name="chaf.lib.latrobe.edu.au" /> |
|||
| 21 || align="left"|[[Uttarakhand]] || State ||8,489,349|| 0.83 || 53,483 || 189 ||4,325,924||4,163,425|| 963 || 78.82 || 6,310,275 || 2,179,074 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:287223431}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 13.1 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1901<ref name="chaf.lib.latrobe.edu.au" /> |
|||
| 22 || align="left"|[[Himachal Pradesh]] || State ||6,077,900|| 0.57 || 55,673 || 123 ||3,087,940||2,989,960|| 972 || 82.80 || 5,482,319 || 595,581 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:293550310}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 2.2 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1911<ref name="censusindia.gov.in">{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_And_You/old_report/index%20old%20census.html |title=Census of India – Index of Old Census Reports |access-date=9 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111006190625/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_And_You/old_report/index%20old%20census.html |archive-date=6 October 2011 }}</ref> |
|||
| 23 || align="left"|[[Tripura]] || State ||3,199,203|| 0.30 || 10,486 || 350 ||1,642,225||1,556,978|| 960 || 94.65 || 2,653,453 || 545,750 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:315156396}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.4 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1921<ref name="censusindia.gov.in" /> |
|||
| 24 || align="left"|[[Meghalaya]] || State ||2,318,822|| 0.25 || 22,429 || 132 ||1,176,087||1,142,735|| 989 || 74.43 || 1,864,711 || 454,111 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:318942480}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 1.2 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1931<ref name="censusindia.gov.in" /> |
|||
| 25 || align="left"|[[Manipur]] || State ||2,293,896|| 0.21 || 22,327 || 122 ||1,161,952||1,131,944|| 992 || 79.21 || 1,590,820 || 575,968 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:352837778}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 10.6 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1941<ref name="censusindia.gov.in" /> |
|||
| 26 || align="left"|[[Nagaland]] || State ||1,990,036|| 0.16 || 16,579 || 119 ||1,047,141||942,895|| 931 || 79.55 || 1,647,249 || 342,787 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:388997955}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 10.2 |
|||
|} |
|||
Studies of India's population since 1881 have focused on such topics as total population, birth and death rates, geographic distribution, literacy, the rural and urban divide, cities of a million, and the three cities with populations over eight million: Delhi, Greater Mumbai (Bombay), and Kolkata (Calcutta).<ref>{{cite journal | author = Khan J.H. | year = 2004 | title = Population growth and demographic change in India | journal = Asian Profile | volume = 32 | issue = 5| pages = 441–460 }}</ref> |
|||
Mortality rates fell in the period 1920–45, primarily due to biological immunisation. Suggestions that it was the benefits of colonialism are refuted by academic thinking: "There can be no serious, informed belief... that... late colonial era mortality diminished and population grew rapidly because of improvements in income, living standards, nutrition, environmental standards, sanitation or health policies, nor was there a cultural transformation...".<ref>{{cite journal | author = Klein Ira | year = 1990 | title = The demographic revolution | journal = Indian Economic and Social History Review | volume = 27 | issue = 1| pages = 33–63 | doi = 10.1177/001946469002700102 | s2cid = 144517813 }}</ref> |
|||
== Characteristics == |
|||
[[File:IndiaIBRdata.jpg|thumb|upright=1.28|Crude [[birth rate]] trends in India<br />(per 1000 people, national average)<ref name=npc1>{{cite web|title=Birth Rate, Death Rate, Infant Mortality Rate and Total Fertility Rate: India and States|publisher=National Commission on Population, Govt of India|year=2010|url=http://populationcommission.nic.in/india.htm|access-date=17 January 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090619091741/http://populationcommission.nic.in/india.htm|archive-date=19 June 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Census India SRS Bulletins|publisher=Registrar General of India, Govt of India|year=2011 |url=http://censusindia.gov.in/vital_statistics/SRS_Bulletins/Bulletins.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Census India SRS Bulletins |publisher=Registrar General of India, Govt of India|year=2013 |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/vital_statistics/SRS_Reports_2013.html}}</ref>]] |
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[[File:IndiaIMRates.jpg|thumb|upright=1.28|[[Infant mortality]] rate trends in India<br />(per 1000 births, under age 1, national average)]] |
|||
India occupies 2.41% of the world's land area but supports over 18% of the world's population. At the 2001 census 72.2% of the population<ref name="censusindia2001">[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/India_at_glance/rural.aspx Rural-Urban distribution] ''Census of India: Census Data 2001: India at a glance >> Rural-Urban Distribution.'' Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 26 November 2008.</ref> lived in about 638,000 villages<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Census_data_finder/A_Series/Number_of_Village.htm Number of Villages] ''Census of India: Number of Villages'' Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 26 November 2008.</ref> and the remaining 27.8%<ref name="censusindia2001" /> lived in more than 5,100 towns and over 380 [[urban agglomerations]].<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Census_data_finder/A_Series/Urban_agglomerations.htm Urban Agglomerations and Towns] ''Census of India: Urban Agglomerations and Towns.'' Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 26 November 2008.</ref> |
|||
India's population exceeded that of the entire continent of Africa by 200 million people in 2010.<ref>{{cite web|title=World Population Prospects, the 2010 Revision|publisher=United Nations|date=28 June 2011|url=http://esa.un.org/wpp/Excel-Data/population.htm|access-date=6 July 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120607213118/http://esa.un.org/wpp/Excel-Data/population.htm|archive-date=7 June 2012}}</ref> However, because Africa's population growth is extremely high compared to the rest of the world,<ref name="Bearak Moriarty Ledur 2021 n171">{{cite news | last1=Bearak | first1=Max | last2=Moriarty | first2=Dylan | last3=Ledur | first3=Júlia | title=Africa's rising cities | newspaper=The Washington Post| date=19 November 2021 | url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/interactive/2021/africa-cities/ | access-date=22 February 2024}}</ref><ref name="Gramlich 2020 x178">{{cite web | last=Gramlich | first=John | title=For World Population Day, a look at the countries with the biggest projected gains – and losses – by 2100 | website=Pew Research Center | date=30 May 2020 | url=https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2019/07/10/for-world-population-day-a-look-at-the-countries-with-the-biggest-projected-gains-and-losses-by-2100/ | access-date=22 February 2024}}</ref> it is expected to surpass both China and India by the early 2030s.<ref name="Deen 2023 v219">{{cite web | last=Deen | first=Thalif | title=Will Sub-Saharan Africa Ultimately Surpass India And China in Population Growth? – Analysis | website=Eurasia Review | date=1 May 2023 | url=https://www.eurasiareview.com/02052023-will-sub-saharan-africa-ultimately-surpass-india-and-china-in-population-growth-analysis/ | access-date=22 February 2024}}</ref> |
|||
=== Comparative demographics === |
|||
{| class="wikitable" |
|||
|+ Comparative demographics |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! scope="col" style="text-align: left;" | Category |
|||
| 27 || align="left"|[[Goa]] || State ||1,347,668|| 0.12 || 3,702 || 394 ||687,248||660,420|| 973 || 88.70 || 677,091 || 670,577 |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: left;" | Global ranking |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: left;" | References |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Area |
|||
| 28 || align="left"|[[Arunachal Pradesh]] || State ||1,097,968|| 0.11 || 83,743 || 17 ||579,941||518,027|| 938 || 65.38 || 870,087 || 227,881 |
|||
| 7th |
|||
|<ref name=ciawfb>{{cite web|work=The World Factbook|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency, USA|access-date=1 January 2012|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/india/|title=India – the World Factbook}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Population |
|||
| 29 || align="left"|[[Pondicherry]] || UT ||974,345|| 0.10 || 479 || 2,598 ||486,961||487,384|| 1037 || 85.85 || 325,726 || 648,619 |
|||
| 1st |
|||
|<ref name=ciawfb /> |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Population growth#Population growth rate|Population growth rate]] |
|||
| 30 || align="left"|[[Mizoram]] || State ||888,573|| 0.09 || 21,081 || 52 ||459,109||429,464|| 976 || 91.33 || 447,567 || 441,006 |
|||
| 102nd of 212 |
|||
| in 2010<ref name=WB2012>{{cite web|title=World Bank Indicators Databank, by topic|publisher=The World Bank|access-date=1 January 2012|url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Population density |
|||
| 31 || align="left"|[[Chandigarh]] || UT ||900,635|| 0.09 || 114 || 9,252 ||506,938||393,697|| 818 || 86.05 || 92,120 || 808,515 |
|||
| 24th of 212 |
|||
| in 2010<ref name=WB2012 /> |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Male to Female ratio, at birth |
|||
| 32 || align="left"|[[Sikkim]] || State ||540,851|| 0.05 || 7,096 || 86 ||288,484||252,367|| 890 || 81.42 || 480,981 || 59,870 |
|||
| 12th of 214 |
|||
| in 2009<ref>{{cite web|title=Gender Statistics Highlights from 2012 World Development Report|publisher=World DataBank, a compilation of databases by the World Bank|date=February 2012|url=http://databank.worldbank.org/ddp/home.do}}</ref> |
|||
|} |
|||
=== List of states and union territories by demographics === |
|||
{{Main|List_of_states_and_union_territories_of_India_by_population#List|l1=List of States and Union Territories by demographics}} |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable" |
|||
|+ Population growth of India per decade<ref name="Census Population">{{cite web|url=http://indiabudget.nic.in/es2006-07/chapt2007/tab97.pdf|title=Census Population|work=Census of India|publisher=Ministry of Finance India|access-date=1 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081219073658/http://indiabudget.nic.in/es2006-07/chapt2007/tab97.pdf|archive-date=19 December 2008}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! scope="col" style="text-align: left;" | Census year |
|||
| 33 || align="left"|[[Andaman and Nicobar Islands]] || UT ||356,152|| 0.03 || 8,249 || 46 ||192,972||163,180|| 876 || 86.63 || 239,954 || 116,198 |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Population |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Change (%) |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1951 |
|||
| 34 || align="left"|[[Dadra and Nagar Haveli]] || UT ||220,490|| 0.03 || 491 || 698 ||121,666||98,824|| 774 || 76.24 || 170,027 || 50,463 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:361088003}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | – |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1961 |
|||
| 35 || align="left"|[[Daman and Diu]] || UT ||158,204|| 0.02 || 112 || 2,169 ||92,512||65,692|| 618 || 87.10 || 100,856 || 57,348 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:439235000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.6 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1971 |
|||
| 36 || align="left"|[[Lakshadweep]] || UT ||60,650|| 0.01 || 32 || 2,013 ||31,131||29,519|| 946 || 91.85 || 33,683 || 26,967 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:548160000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 24.8 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1981 |
|||
| '''TOTAL''' || align="left"|'''[[India]]''' || '''29 + 7''' || '''1,210,726,932''' || '''100''' || '''3,287,240''' || '''382''' || '''623,724,248''' || '''586,469,174''' || '''940''' || '''74.04''' || '''833,087,662''' || '''377,105,760''' |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:683329000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 24.7 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 1991 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:846387888}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 23.9 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 2001 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1028737436}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.5 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 2011 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,210,193,422 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.7 |
|||
|} |
|} |
||
{| class="wikitable sortable" |
|||
===States and union territories=== |
|||
|+ Population distribution by states/union territories (2011) |
|||
{|class="wikitable collapsible sortable" style="text-align: center;" |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Rank |
|||
! Rank !! India/State/UT !! No. of Districts <br> in 2001 !! No. of Districts <br> in 2014 !! No. of Districts <br> without any geographical change |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: left; width: 120px;" | [[States and union territories of India|State/UT]] |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Population<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/states.php | title = List of states with Population, Sex Ratio and Literacy Census 2011 | publisher = 2011 Census of India | access-date = 23 January 2013 }}</ref> |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Percent (%) |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Male |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Female |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Difference between male and female |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | [[human sex ratio|Sex ratio]] |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Rural<ref name="Rural Urban distribution">{{cite web|url=http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/prov_results_paper2_india.html|title=Provisional Population Totals|work=Government of India (2011)|publisher=Census of India|access-date=23 July 2011}}</ref> |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Urban<ref name="Rural Urban distribution" /> |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Area<ref name="Area of India/state/district">{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Census_Data_Online/Administrative_Divisions/Area_of_India.aspx|title=Area of India/state/district|work=Government of India (2001)|publisher=Census of India|access-date=27 October 2008}}</ref> (km<sup>2</sup>) |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Density (per km<sup>2</sup>) |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 1 |
|||
| 1 || align="left"|[[Uttar Pradesh]] || 45 || 71 || - |
|||
| [[Uttar Pradesh]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:199812341}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.50 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:104480510}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:95331831}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:9148679}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 930 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:155111022}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:44470455}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:240928}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:828}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 2 |
|||
| 2 || align="left"|[[Madhya Pradesh]] ||45|| 51 || 38|- |
|||
| [[Maharashtra]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:112374333}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.28 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:58243056}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:54131277}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:4111779}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 929 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:61545441}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:50827531}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:307713}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:365}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 3 |
|||
| 3 || align="left"|[[Bihar]] || 37 || 40 || 34 |
|||
| [[Bihar]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:104099452}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.60 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:54278157}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:49821295}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:4456862}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 918 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:92075028}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:11729609}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:94163}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1102}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 4 |
|||
| 4 || align="left"|[[Maharashtra]] || 35 || 36 || 31 |
|||
| [[West Bengal]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:91276115}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.54 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:46809027}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:44467088}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:2341939}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 950 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:62213676}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:29134060}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:88752}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1030}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 5 |
|||
| 5 || align="left"|[[Rajasthan]] || 32 || 33 || 18 |
|||
| [[Madhya Pradesh]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:72626809}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.00 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:37612306}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:35014503}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:2597803}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 931 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:52537899}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:20059666}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:308245}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:236}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6 |
|||
| 6 || align="left"|[[Tamil Nadu]] || 30 || 32 || 25 |
|||
| [[Tamil Nadu]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:72147030}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.96 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:36137975}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:36009055}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:128920}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 996 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:37189229}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:34949729}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:130058}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:555}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7 |
|||
| 7 || align="left"|[[Karnataka]] || 27 || 30 || 24 |
|||
| [[Rajasthan]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:68548437}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.66 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:35550997}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:32997440}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:2553557}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 928 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:51540236}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17080776}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:342239}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:201}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8 |
|||
| 8 || align="left"|[[Odisha]] || 30 || 30 || 26 |
|||
| [[Karnataka]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:61095297}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.05 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:30966657}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:30128640}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:838017}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 973 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:37552529}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:23578175}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:191791}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:319}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 9 |
|||
| 9 || align="left"|[[Assam]] || 23 || 27 || 15 |
|||
| [[Gujarat]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:60439692}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.99 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:31491260}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:28948432}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:2542828}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 919 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:34670817}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:25712811}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:196024}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:308}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 10 |
|||
| 10 || align="left"|[[Gujarat]] || 25 || 33 || 20 |
|||
| [[Andhra Pradesh]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:49386799}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.08 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:24738068}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:24648731}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:89337}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 996 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:34776389}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:14610410}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:160205}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:308}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 11 |
|||
| 11 || align="left"|[[Jharkhand]] || 18 || 24 || 9 |
|||
| [[Odisha]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:41974218}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 3.47 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:21212136}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:20762082}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:450054}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 979 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:34951234}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:6996124}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:155707}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:269}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 12 |
|||
| 12 || align="left"|[[Andhra Pradesh]] || 23 || 13 || 13 |
|||
| [[Telangana]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:35193978}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 2.91 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17704078}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17489900}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:214178}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 988 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:21585313}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:13608665}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:114840}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:307}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 13 |
|||
| 13 || align="left"|[[Jammu and Kashmir]] || 14 || 22 || 5 |
|||
| [[Kerala]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:33406061}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 2.76 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:16027412}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17378649}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:-1351237}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 1084 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17445506}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:15932171}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:38863}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:859}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 14 |
|||
| 14 || align="left"|[[Haryana]] || 19 || 21 || 17 |
|||
| [[Jharkhand]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:32988134}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 2.72 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:16930315}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:16057819}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:872496}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 948 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:25036946}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:7929292}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:79714}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:414}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 15 |
|||
| 15 || align="left"|[[Punjab, India|Punjab]] || 17 || 22 || 8 |
|||
| [[Assam]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:31205576}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 2.58 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:15939443}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:15266133}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:673310}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 958 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26780526}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:4388756}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:78438}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:397}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 16 |
|||
| 16 || align="left"|[[West Bengal]] || 18 || 20 || 17 |
|||
| [[Punjab, India|Punjab]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:27743338}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 2.29 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:14639465}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:13103873}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1535592}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 895 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17316800}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:10387436}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:50362}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:550}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 17 |
|||
| 17 || align="left"|[[Chhattisgarh]] || 16 || 27 || 8 |
|||
| [[Chhattisgarh]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:25545198}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 2.11 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:12832895}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:12712303}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:120592}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 991 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:19603658}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:5936538}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:135191}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:189}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 18 |
|||
| 18 || align="left"|[[Kerala]] || 14 || 14 || 14 |
|||
| [[Haryana]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:25351462}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 2.09 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:13494734}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:11856728}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1638006}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 879 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:16531493}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8821588}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:44212}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:573}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 19 |
|||
| 19 || align="left"|[[Arunachal Pradesh]] || 13 || 17 || 10 |
|||
| [[Delhi]] (UT) |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:16787941}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 1.39 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8887326}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:7800615}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1086711}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 868 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:944727}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:12905780}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1484}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:11297}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 20 |
|||
| 20 || align="left"|[[Uttarakhand]] || 13 || 13 || 11 |
|||
| [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:12541302}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 1.04 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:6640662}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:5900640}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:740022}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 889 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:9134820}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:3414106}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:222236}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:56}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 21 |
|||
| 21 || align="left"|[[Himachal Pradesh]] || 12 || 12 || 12 |
|||
| [[Uttarakhand]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:10086292}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.83 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:5137773}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:4948519}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:189254}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 963 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:7025583}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:3091169}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:53483}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:189}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 22 |
|||
| 22 || align="left"|[[Nagaland]] || 8 || 11 || 3 |
|||
| [[Himachal Pradesh]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:6864602}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.57 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:3481873}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:3382729}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:99144}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 972 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:6167805}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:688704}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:55673}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:123}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 23 |
|||
| 23 || align="left"|[[Delhi]]|| 9 || 11 || 9 |
|||
| [[Tripura]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:3673917}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.30 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1874376}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1799541}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:74835}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 960 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:2710051}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:960981}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:10486}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:350}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 24 |
|||
| 24 || align="left"|[[Manipur]] || 9 || 9 || 9 |
|||
| [[Meghalaya]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:2966889}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.25 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1491832}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1475057}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:16775}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 989 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:2368971}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:595036}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:22429}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:132}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 25 |
|||
| 25 || align="left"|[[Mizoram]] || 8 || 8 || 4 |
|||
| [[Manipur]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:2855794}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.24 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1438687}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1417107}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:21580}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 985 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1899624}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:822132}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:22327}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:128}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 26 |
|||
| 26 || align="left"|[[Meghalaya]] || 7 || 11 || 4 |
|||
| [[Nagaland]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1978502}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.16 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1024649}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:953853}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:70796}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 931 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1406861}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:573741}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:16579}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:119}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 27 |
|||
| 27 || align="left"|[[Sikkim]] || 4 || 4 || 4 |
|||
| [[Goa]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1458545}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.12 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:739140}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:719405}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:19735}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 973 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:551414}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:906309}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:3702}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:394}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 28 |
|||
| 28 || align="left"|[[Tripura]] || 4 || 8 || 2 |
|||
| [[Arunachal Pradesh]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1383727}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.11 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:713912}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:669815}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:44097}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 938 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1069165}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:313446}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:83743}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 29 |
|||
| 29 || align="left"|[[Puducherry]] UT || 4 || 4 || 4 |
|||
| [[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]] (UT) |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1247953}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.10 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:612511}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:635442}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:-22931}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 1037 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:394341}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:850123}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:479}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:2598}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 30 |
|||
| 30 || align="left"|[[Andaman and Nicobar Islands]] UT || 2 || 3 || 1 |
|||
| [[Mizoram]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1097206}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.09 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:555339}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:541867}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:13472}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 976 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:529037}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:561997}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:21081}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:52}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 31 |
|||
| 31 || align="left"|[[Goa]] || 2 || 2 || 2 |
|||
| [[Chandigarh]] (UT) |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1055450}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.09 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:580663}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:474787}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:105876}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 818 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:29004}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1025682}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:114}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:9252}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 32 |
|||
| 32 || align="left"|[[Daman and Diu]] UT || 2 || 2 || 2 |
|||
| [[Sikkim]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:610577}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.05 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:323070}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:287507}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:35563}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 890 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:455962}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:151726}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:7096}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:86}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 33 |
|||
| 33 || align="left"|[[Dadra and Nagar Haveli]] UT || 1 || 1 || 1 |
|||
| [[Andaman and Nicobar Islands]] (UT) |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:380581}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.03 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:202871}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:177710}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:25161}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 876 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:244411}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:135533}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8249}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:46}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 34 |
|||
| 34 || align="left"|[[Chandigarh]] UT || 1 || 1 || 1 |
|||
| [[Dadra and Nagar Haveli]] (UT) |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:343709}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.03 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:193760}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:149949}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:43811}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 774 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:183024}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:159829}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:491}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:698}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 35 |
|||
| 35 || align="left"|[[Lakshadweep]] UT || 1 || 1 || 1 |
|||
| [[Daman and Diu]] (UT) |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:243247}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.02 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:150301}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:92946}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:57355}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 618 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:60331}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:182580}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:112}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:2169}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 36 |
|||
| 36 || align="left"|[[Telangana]] || 0|| 10||10 |
|||
| [[Lakshadweep]] (UT) |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:64473}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.01 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:33123}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:31350}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1773}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 946 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:14121}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:50308}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:32}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:2013}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="text-align: right;" | – |
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| '''Total'''|| '''INDIA || 593 || 640 || 464''' |
|||
! style="text-align: left;" | Total (India) |
|||
! style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1210854977}} |
|||
! style="text-align: right;" | 100 |
|||
! style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:623724248}} |
|||
! style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:586469174}} |
|||
! style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:35585741}} |
|||
! style="text-align: right;" | 943 |
|||
! style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:833087662}} |
|||
! style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:377105760}} |
|||
! style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:3287240}} |
|||
! style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:382}} |
|||
|} |
|} |
||
<ref name=autogenerated1>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in |title=Census of India Website : Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India |publisher=Censusindia.gov.in |date= |accessdate=2011-09-26}}</ref> |
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===Religious demographics=== |
=== Religious demographics === |
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{{Main|Religion in India}} |
{{Main|Religion in India}} |
||
The table below summarises India's demographics (excluding the Mao-Maram, Paomata and Purul subdivisions of [[Senapati district]] of [[Manipur]] state due to cancellation of census results) according to religion at the [[2011 Census of India|2011 census]] in per cent. The data are "unadjusted" (without excluding [[Assam]] and [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]); the 1981 census was not conducted in Assam and the 1991 census was not conducted in Jammu and Kashmir. Missing citing/reference for "Changes in religious demagraphics over time" table below. |
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{{update section|reason=2011 data released in August 2015: http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW00C-01%20MDDS.XLS|date=August 2015}} |
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{{Religion in India}} |
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{| class="wikitable sortable" |
|||
The table below summarises India's demographics (excluding Mao-Maram, Paomata and Purul subdivisions of [[Senapati District]] of [[Manipur]] state due to cancellation of census results) according to religion at the 2001 census in per cent. The data is "unadjusted" (without excluding [[Assam]] and [[Jammu and Kashmir]]); The 1981 census was not conducted in Assam and the 1991 census was not conducted in Jammu and Kashmir. |
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|+ Religious populations' numbers (2011)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01.html|title=Census of India – India at a Glance: Religious Compositions|website=censusindia.gov.in|access-date=25 August 2015}}</ref> |
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{| class="sortable wikitable" |
|||
|+ Table 2: Census information for 2011<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/census-2011-data-on-population-by-religious-communities/article7579161.ece|title=Muslim population growth slows}}</ref> |
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|- |
|- |
||
! scope="col" style="text-align: left;" | Religion |
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! Composition |
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! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" | Population |
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! [[Hindu]]s<ref name=censushindu>{{cite web | url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/India_at_glance/religion.aspx | title = Tables: Profiles by main religions: Hindus | accessdate = 2008-11-26 | work = Census of India: Census Data 2001: India at a glance >> Religious Composition | publisher = Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India }}</ref> |
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! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" | Percentage (%) |
|||
! [[Muslim]]s<ref name=censusmuslim>{{cite web | url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/India_at_glance/religion.aspx | title = Tables: Profiles by main religions: Muslims | accessdate = 2008-11-26 | work = Census of India: Census Data 2001: India at a glance >> Religious Composition | publisher = Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India }}</ref> |
|||
! [[Christianity|Christians]]<ref name=censuschristian>{{cite web | url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/India_at_glance/religion.aspx | title = Tables: Profiles by main religions: Christians | accessdate = 2008-11-26 | work = Census of India: Census Data 2001: India at a glance >> Religious Composition | publisher = Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India }}</ref> |
|||
! [[Sikh]]s<ref name=censussikh>{{cite web | url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/India_at_glance/religion.aspx | title = Tables: Profiles by main religions: Sikhs | accessdate = 2008-11-26 | work = Census of India 2001: Census Data 2001: India at a glance >> Religious Composition | publisher = Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India }}</ref> |
|||
! [[Buddhist]]<ref name=censusbuddhist>{{cite web | url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/India_at_glance/religion.aspx | title = Tables: Profiles by main religions: Buddhists | accessdate = 2008-11-26 | work = Census of India: Census Data 2001: India at a glance >> Religious Composition | publisher = Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India }}</ref> |
|||
! [[Jain]]s<ref name=censusjains>{{cite web | url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/India_at_glance/religion.aspx | title = Tables: Profiles by main religions: Jains | accessdate = 2008-11-26 | work = Census of India: Census Data 2001: India at a glance >> Religious Composition | publisher = Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India }}</ref> |
|||
! Others{{ref|1|1}}<ref name=censusothers>{{cite web | url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/India_at_glance/religion.aspx | title = Tables: Profiles by main religions: Other religions | accessdate = 2008-11-26 | work = Census of India: Census Data 2001: India at a glance >> Religious Composition | publisher = Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India }}</ref> |
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|- |
|- |
||
| style="background:#FFE0C0;"| Hindus |
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| % of total population |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:966378868}} |
|||
| 79.80% |
|||
| {{percentage bar|79.80}} |
|||
| 14.23% |
|||
| 2.30% |
|||
| 1.72% |
|||
| 0.70% |
|||
| 0.37% |
|||
| 0.89% |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="background:#E0FFC0;"| Muslims |
|||
| 10-year growth % (est. 2001-2011)<ref name=censuspresentation>{{cite web | url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/India_at_glance/religion.aspx | title = Census of India. | accessdate = 2008-11-26 | work =Census of India. Census Data 2001: India at a glance >> Religious Composition | publisher = Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India }}</ref> |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:172245158}} |
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| 16.8% |
|||
| {{percentage bar|14.23}} |
|||
| 24.6% |
|||
| 15.5% |
|||
| 8.4% |
|||
| 6.1% |
|||
| 5.4% |
|||
| 103.1% |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="background:#E0F0FF;"| Christians |
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| No. of females per 1000 males (average = 943) |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:27819588}} |
|||
| 939 |
|||
| {{percentage bar|2.30}} |
|||
| 951 |
|||
| 1023 |
|||
| 903 |
|||
| 965 |
|||
| 954 |
|||
| 995 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="background:#F0F0C0;"| Sikhs |
|||
| Literacy rate (65% for age 7 and above, 2001 census)<ref name="mospi.gov.in">{{cite web|url=http://mospi.gov.in/press_note_NSS_%20Report_no_532_19may10.pdf |title=Government of India |format=PDF |date= |accessdate=2013-06-16}}</ref> |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:20833116}} |
|||
| 64.5% |
|||
| {{percentage bar|1.72}} |
|||
| 60.0% |
|||
| 80.3% |
|||
| 70.4% |
|||
| 73.0% |
|||
| 95.0% |
|||
| 50.0% |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="background:#FFFFC0;"| Buddhists |
|||
| Work participation rate |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8442972}} |
|||
| 40.4 |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.70}} |
|||
| 31.3 |
|||
| 39.7 |
|||
| 37.7 |
|||
| 40.6 |
|||
| 32.9 |
|||
| 48.4 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="background:#FFE0E0;"| Jains |
|||
| Rural sex ratio<ref name=censuspresentation/> |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:4451753}} |
|||
| 923 |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.37}} |
|||
| 953 |
|||
| 1001 |
|||
| 895 |
|||
| 958 |
|||
| 937 |
|||
| 995 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="background:#F0E0F0;"| Others |
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| Urban sex ratio<ref name=censuspresentation/> |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:7937734}} |
|||
| 922 |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.66}} |
|||
| 907 |
|||
| 1026 |
|||
| 886 |
|||
| 944 |
|||
| 941 |
|||
| 966 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Not Stated |
|||
| Child sex ratio (0–6 yrs) |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:2867303}} |
|||
| 925 |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.24}} |
|||
| 950 |
|||
| 964 |
|||
| 786 |
|||
| 942 |
|||
| 870 |
|||
| 976 |
|||
|} |
|} |
||
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;" |
|||
{{note|1|1}}including [[Bahá'í Faith|Bahá'ís]], [[History of the Jews in India|Jews]], and [[Parsi people|Parsis]]. Tribal Animists (and non religious) are included after 1926 (1931 census onwards) |
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|+ Changes in religious demographics over time |
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|- |
|||
! Year |
|||
! style="background:#FFE0C0;"| Hindus |
|||
! style="background:#E0FFC0;"| Muslims |
|||
! style="background:#E0F0FF;"| Christians |
|||
! style="background:#F0F0C0;"| Sikhs |
|||
! style="background:#FFFFC0;"| Buddhists |
|||
! style="background:#FFE0E0;"| Jainis |
|||
! style="background:#F0E0C0;"| Zoroastrians |
|||
! style="background:#F0E0F0;"| Others/<br>Religion not specified |
|||
|- |
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| 1951 |
|||
| {{percentage bar|84.1}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|9.8}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|2.3}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|1.79}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.74}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.46}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.13}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.43}} |
|||
|- |
|||
| 1961 |
|||
| {{percentage bar|83.45}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|10.69}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|2.44}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|1.79}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.74}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.46}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.09}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.43}} |
|||
|- |
|||
| 1971 |
|||
| {{percentage bar|82.73}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|11.21}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|2.60}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|1.89}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.70}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.48}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.09}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.41}} |
|||
|- |
|||
| 1981 |
|||
| {{percentage bar|82.30}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|11.75}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|2.44}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|1.92}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.70}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.47}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.09}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.42}} |
|||
|- |
|||
| 1991 |
|||
| {{percentage bar|81.53}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|12.61}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|2.32}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|1.94}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.77}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.40}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.08}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.44}} |
|||
|- |
|||
| 2001 |
|||
| {{percentage bar|80.46}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|13.43}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|2.34}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|1.87}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.77}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.41}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.06}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.72}} |
|||
|- |
|||
| 2011<ref name="census_2011_religion">{{cite web |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW00C-01%20MDDS.XLS |title=Population by religious community – 2011 |work=[[2011 Census of India]]|publisher=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner |access-date=25 August 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150825155850/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW00C-01%20MDDS.XLS |archive-date=25 August 2015}}</ref> |
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| {{percentage bar|79.80}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|14.23}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|2.30}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|1.72}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.70}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.37}} |
|||
| {{n/a}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.9}} |
|||
|} |
|||
{| class="sortable wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |
|||
;Population trends for major religious groups in India (1951–2011)<ref>{{cite web| url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Hindu-population-declined-Muslims-increased-Census-2011/articleshow/48671407.cms| title= Muslim share of population up 0.8%, Hindus’ down 0.7% between 2001 and 2011| author= Vijaita Singh | work=Indian Express| date= 24 February 2015 | publisher= Indian Express| accessdate= 2015-02-24}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.ndtv.com/cheat-sheet/hindus-79-8-muslims-14-2-five-points-from-indias-religious-census-2011-1210923| title= |
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|+ Characteristics of religious groups<ref name="census_2011_religion" /> |
|||
India's Religious Census 2011: Hindus Below 80% For the First Time| author= Abantika Ghosh , Vijaita Singh | work=Indian Express| date= 24 January 2015 | publisher= Indian Express| accessdate= 2015-01-27}}</ref><ref name="censusIndia2011">{{cite web| url=http://www.livemint.com/Home-Page/hxXBcoatDPlDVgcjecQDfJ/Muslim-politics-At-a-crossroads.html| website=livemint.com | publisher=Livemint | title=Muslim politics: At a crossroads | accessdate=28 October 2014}}</ref><ref name="muslimstatesinIndia2011">{{cite news| url=http://www.openthemagazine.com/article/nation/the-untold-census-story| work=OpenMagazine-PR Ramesh | title=The Untold Census Story| date=15 March 2014}}</ref> |
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|- |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin:auto;" |
|||
!rowspan=2| Religious<br />group |
|||
|- style="text-align: center;" |
|||
!rowspan=2| Population (2011)<br />% |
|||
! Religious<br>group |
|||
!rowspan=2| [[Population growth|Growth]]<br />(2001–2011)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/muslim-population-grows-marginally-faster-census-2011-data/story-yAhd2F6z57ezaFWiwwYU7H.html|title=Muslim population grows marginally faster: Census 2011 data|author=Aloke Tikku|access-date=18 October 2016|date=26 August 2015|work=[[Hindustan Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-others/indias-population-121-09-crores-hindus-79-8-pc-muslims-14-2-pc-census/|title=Census 2011: Hindus dip to below 80 per cent of population; Muslim share up, slows down|date=26 August 2015|work=[[The Indian Express]]|access-date=20 July 2016}}</ref> |
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! Population <br>% '''1951''' |
|||
!colspan=4| [[human sex ratio|Sex ratio]] (2011) |
|||
! Population <br>% '''1961''' |
|||
!rowspan=2| [[Literacy]] (2011)<br />(%)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/jains-most-literate-in-north-muslims-the-least/story-iKno2PywCvEZbGmguNFg2N.html|title=Jains most literate in North, Muslims the least|date=4 January 2016|access-date=20 July 2016}}</ref> |
|||
! Population <br>% '''1971''' |
|||
!rowspan=2| [[Workforce|Work participation]] (2011)<br />(%)<ref name="dnaindia.com" /><ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Only-33-of-Muslims-work-lowest-among-all-religions/articleshow/50433358.cms|title=Only 33% of Muslims work, lowest among all religions|website=[[The Times of India]]|date=4 January 2016 |access-date=20 July 2016}}</ref> |
|||
! Population <br>% '''1981''' |
|||
! Population <br>% '''1991''' |
|||
! Population <br>% '''2001''' |
|||
! Population <br>% '''2011'''<ref name="census_2011_religion">{{cite web |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW00C-01%20MDDS.XLS |title=Population by religious community - 2011 |publisher=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner |work=[[2011 Census of India]] |accessdate=25 August 2015 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150825155850/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW00C-01%20MDDS.XLS |archivedate=25 August 2015} }</ref> |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! total<ref name="dnaindia.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-census-2011-sikhs-jains-have-the-worst-sex-ratio-2161061|title=Census 2011: Sikhs, Jains have the worst sex ratio & Updates at Daily News & Analysis|date=31 December 2015|access-date=20 July 2016}}</ref> |
|||
! style="background:OrangeRed;"| Hinduism |
|||
! rural |
|||
| 84.1% || 83.45% || 82.73% || 82.30% || 81.53% || 80.46% || 79.80% |
|||
! urban |
|||
! child<ref>{{cite web|url=http://epaperbeta.timesofindia.com/Article.aspx?eid=31808&articlexml=Sex-ratio-dips-Jains-Sikhs-buck-trend-31122015001049|title=The Times Group|access-date=20 July 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160512160719/http://epaperbeta.timesofindia.com/Article.aspx?eid=31808&articlexml=Sex-ratio-dips-Jains-Sikhs-buck-trend-31122015001049|archive-date=12 May 2016}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="background: |
! style="background:#FFE0C0;"| Hinduism |
||
| ! style="background:#A0F040; | 79.80% || <!--This is population growth rate of Hinduism in per cent (from 2001 to 2011), not growth/ decline in proportion (which was -0.7%)-->16.8% <!--DO NOT CHANGE this percentage figure. Hindus did increase in numbers showing growth rate of 16.8% from 2001 to 2011 (it's mentioned in the source near in the end), it was their percentage which declined from 80.5% to 79.8% by 0.7% due to higher growth rate of Islam. Here there is no discussion about increase or decrease in percentage of any religion (for Islam, the percentage increased by 0.8% (from 13.4% in 2001 to 14.2% in 2011), not by 24.6%; the latter was its growth rate), the discussion is about growth rate of religion which is positive for all major religions in India-->|| 939 || 946 || 921 || 913 || 73.3% || 41.0% |
|||
| 9.8% || 10.69% || 11.21% || 11.75% || 12.61% || 13.43% ||14.23% |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="background: |
! style="background:#E0FFC0;"| Islam |
||
| |
| 14.23% || ! style="background:#A0F040; |24.6% || 951 || 957 || 941 || 943 || ! style="background:#FF6040; |68.5% || ! style="background:#FF6040; |32.6% |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="background: |
! style="background:#E0F0FF;"| Christianity |
||
| |
| 2.30% || 15.5% || ! style="background:#A0F040; |1023 || ! style="background:#A0F040; |1008 || ! style="background:#A0F040; |1046 || 958 || 84.5% || 41.9% |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="background: |
! style="background:#F0F0C0;"| Sikhism |
||
| 1.72% || 8.4% || ! style="background:#FF6040; |903 || ! style="background:#FF6040; |905 || ! style="background:#FF6040; |898 || ! style="background:#FF6040; |828 || 75.4% || 36.3% |
|||
| 0.74% || 0.74% || 0.70% || 0.70% || 0.77% || 0.77% || 0.70% |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="background: |
! style="background:#FFFFC0;"| Buddhism |
||
| 0. |
| 0.70% || 6.1% || 965 || 960 || 973 || 933 || 81.3% || ! style="background:#A0F040; |43.1% |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="background: |
! style="background:#FFE0E0;"| Jainism |
||
| 0. |
| ! style="background:#FF6040; |0.37% ||! style="background:#FF6040;| 5.4% || 954 || 935 || 959 || 889 || ! style="background:#A0F040; |94.9% || 35.5% |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="background: |
! style="background:#F0E0F0;"| Others/Religion Not Specified |
||
| 0.90% || ! style="background:LightGray; | n/a || 959 || 947 || 975 || ! style="background:#A0F040; | 974 || ! style="background:LightGray; | n/a || ! style="background:LightGray; | n/a |
|||
| 0.43% || 0.43% || 0.41% || 0.42% || 0.44% || 0.72% || 0.9% |
|||
|} |
|} |
||
{{Clear}} |
{{Clear}} |
||
[[File:Muslim Demographics of India.png|thumb|Percentage of total population of India's administrative divisions made up by Muslims (2011)<ref>{{cite web |title=Census Table C-01: Population by religious community |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11361/download/14474/DDW00C-01%20MDDS.XLS |publisher=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India |access-date=25 August 2022}}</ref>]] |
|||
===Neonatal and infant demographics=== |
=== Neonatal and infant demographics === |
||
[[File:India Male to Female Sex Ratio 1941 1951 1961 1981 1991 2001 2011.png|thumb|390px|Male to female sex ratio for India, based on its official census data, from 1941 through 2011.<ref>"Sex Composition of the Population", Office of Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India (2013)</ref> The data |
[[File:India Male to Female Sex Ratio 1941 1951 1961 1981 1991 2001 2011.png|thumb|390px|Male to female sex ratio for India, based on its official census data, from 1941 through 2011.<ref>"Sex Composition of the Population", Office of Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India (2013)</ref> The data suggest the existence of high sex ratios before and after the arrival of ultrasound-based prenatal care and sex screening technologies in India.]] |
||
The table below represents the infant mortality rate trends in India, |
The table below represents the [[infant mortality rate]] trends in India, based on sex, over the last 15 years. In the urban areas of India, average male infant mortality rates are slightly higher than average female infant mortality rates.<ref name=":0" /> |
||
{|class |
{| class="wikitable" |
||
|+ |
|+Infant mortality rate trend (deaths per 1000) As per NFHS & UNICEF Data. |
||
|- |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: left;" | Year |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" | Male |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" | Female |
|||
!Total |
|||
|- |
|||
| 1998<ref>{{cite web|title=Sample Registration System, Registrar General, Volume 33, No. 1|date=April 2000|publisher=Census of India, Government of India|url=http://censusindia.gov.in/Vital_Statistics/SRS_Bulletins/SRS_Bulletins_links/Bulletin_2000_Vol_33_No_1.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220120235750/http://censusindia.gov.in/Vital_Statistics/SRS_Bulletins/SRS_Bulletins_links/Bulletin_2000_Vol_33_No_1.pdf |archive-date= 20 January 2022 }}</ref> |
|||
| 69.8 |
|||
| 73.5 |
|||
|71.6 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 2005<ref name=":0">{{cite web|title=2005–06 National Family Health Survey, Infant and Child Mortality|year=2006|publisher=NFHS, a Government of India Organisation |website=MEASURE DHS |url=http://www.measuredhs.com/pubs/pdf/FRIND3/07Chapter07.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513132617/http://www.measuredhs.com/pubs/pdf/FRIND3/07Chapter07.pdf |archive-date= 13 May 2013 }}</ref> |
|||
!Year!!Infant (0–1 year), male!!Infant (0–1 year), female !!Reference |
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| 56.3 |
|||
| 58 |
|||
|57<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=http://rchiips.org/NFHS/pdf/NFHS4/India.pdf|title=India Fact Sheet – NFHS-4 – 2015-16 |publisher=International Institute for Population Sciences |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20240311005237/http://rchiips.org/nfhs/pdf/NFHS4/India.pdf |archive-date= 11 March 2024 }}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| |
| 2009<ref>{{cite web|title=SAMPLE REGISTRATION SYSTEM, REGISTRAR GENERAL, Volume 45, No. 1|date=January 2011|publisher=Census of India, Government of India|url=http://www.nfhsindia.org/NFHS-3%20Data/NFHS-3%20NKF/Report.pdf|access-date=18 January 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120209165040/http://nfhsindia.org/NFHS-3%20Data/NFHS-3%20NKF/Report.pdf|archive-date=9 February 2012}}</ref> |
||
| 49 |
|||
| 52 |
|||
| {{n/a}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| |
|2014<ref>{{Cite web |title=National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4), 2015-16: India |url=http://rchiips.org/nfhs/NFHS-4Reports/India.pdf|publisher=International Institute for Population Sciences |date=2017 |pages= 196 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20240209140647/http://rchiips.org/nfhs/nfhs-4Reports/India.pdf |archive-date= 9 February 2024 }}</ref> |
||
|43.7 |
|||
|37.90 |
|||
|40.7<ref name=":2" /> |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|2018<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=https://data.unicef.org/resources/data_explorer/unicef_f/?ag=UNICEF&df=GLOBAL_DATAFLOW&ver=1.0&dq=IND.CME_TMM0+CME_MRY1T4+CME_MRY5T14+CME_TMY0T4+CME_TMY5T14+CME_TMY0+CME_MRY0+CME_TMY1T4+CME_MRY0T4..&startPeriod=2018&endPeriod=2020|title=Data Warehouse|website=UNICEF DATA|access-date=8 March 2020}}</ref> |
|||
|2009||49||52||<ref>{{cite web|title=SAMPLE REGISTRATION SYSTEM, REGISTRAR GENERAL, Volume 45, No. 1|date=January 2011|publisher=Census of India, Government of India|url=http://www.nfhsindia.org/NFHS-3%20Data/NFHS-3%20NKF/Report.pdf}}</ref> |
|||
|29.95 |
|||
|29.88 |
|||
|29.94<ref name=":3" /> |
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|} |
|} |
||
India's 2011 census shows a serious decline in the number of girls under the age of seven – activists posit that eight million female [[fetus]]es may have been aborted between 2001 and 2011.<ref>{{cite news|last=Pandey|first=Geeta|title=India's unwanted girls|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-13264301|publisher=BBC News|access-date=23 May 2011|date=23 May 2011}}</ref> |
|||
Some activists believe India's 2011 census shows a serious decline in the number of girls under the age of seven - activists fear eight million female [[fetus|foetuses]] may have been [[abortion|aborted]] between 2001 and 2011.<ref>{{cite news|last=Pandey|first=Geeta|title=India's unwanted girls|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-13264301|publisher=BBC News|accessdate=23 May 2011|date=23 May 2011}}</ref> These claims are controversial. Scientists who study [[human sex ratio]]s and demographic trends suggest that birth sex ratio between 1.08 to 1.12 can be because of natural factors, such as the age of mother at baby's birth, age of father at baby's birth, number of babies per couple, economic stress, endocrinological factors, etc.<ref name=James-JournalofEndocrinology>{{cite journal|author=James W.H.|title=Hypothesis:Evidence that Mammalian Sex Ratios at birth are partially controlled by parental hormonal levels around the time of conception|journal=Journal of Endocrinology|volume=198|pages=3–15|date=July 2008|doi= 10.1677/JOE-07-0446|url=http://joe.endocrinology-journals.org/content/198/1/3.full.pdf+html|issue=1|pmid=18577567}}</ref> The 2011 census birth sex ratio in India, of 917 girls to 1000 boys, is similar to 870-930 girls to 1000 boys birth sex ratios observed in Japanese, Chinese, Cuban, Filipino and Hawaiian ethnic groups in the United States between 1940 to 2005. They are also similar to birth sex ratios below 900 girls to 1000 boys observed in mothers of different age groups and gestation periods in the United States.<ref name=NCHS>{{cite web|title=Trend Analysis of the Sex Ratio at Birth in the United States|url=http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr53/nvsr53_20.pdf|publisher=U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Center for Health Statistics}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | author= Amy Branum, Jennifer Parker and Kenneth Schoendorf|year= 2009|title= Trends in US sex ratio by pluraity, gestational age and race/ethinicity, see page 2941 - Figure 2|journal= Reproductive Epidemiology|volume= 24|issue= 11 |pages= 2936–2944|doi= 10.1093/humrep/dep255|url= http://humrep.oxfordjournals.org/content/24/11/2936.full.pdf+html|accessdate= August 2011}}</ref> |
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===Population within the age group of 0–6=== |
=== Population within the age group of 0–6 === |
||
{| class="wikitable collapsible sortable" |
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{| class="wikitable sortable" |
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|+ Population between age 0–6 by state/union territory<ref name=autogenerated1>{{cite web |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in |title=Census of India Website: Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India |publisher=Censusindia.gov.in |access-date=26 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511035603/http://censusindia.gov.in/ |archive-date=11 May 2008}}</ref> |
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|- |
|- |
||
! scope="col" style="text-align: left;" data-sort-type="number" | State or UT code |
|||
! State/UT Code !! India/State/UT !! Person !! Males !! Females |
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! scope="col" style="text-align: left;" | State or UT |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Total |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Male |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Female |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Difference |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1 |
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| 01 || Jammu and Kashmir || 2,008,670 || 1,080,662 || 927,982 |
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| Jammu and Kashmir |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:2008670}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1080662}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:927982}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:152680}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| 2 |
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| 02 || Himachal Pradesh || 763,864 || 400,681 || 363,183 |
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| Himachal Pradesh |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:763864}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:400681}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:363183}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:37498}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| 3 |
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| 03 || Punjab || 2,941,570 || 1,593,262 || 1,348,308 |
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| Punjab |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:2941570}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1593262}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1348308}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:244954}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| 4 |
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| 04 || Chandigarh || 117,953 || 63,187 || 54,766 |
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| Chandigarh |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:117953}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:63187}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:54766}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8421}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| 5 |
|||
| 05 || Uttarakhand || 1,328,844 || 704,769 || 624,075 |
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| Uttarakhand |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1328844}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:704769}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:624075}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:80694}} |
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|- |
|- |
||
| 6 |
|||
| 06 || Haryana || 3,297,724 || 1,802,047 || 1,495,677 |
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| Haryana |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:3297724}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1802047}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1495677}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:306370}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| 7 |
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| 07 || Delhi || 1,970,510 || 1,055,735 || 914,775 |
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| Delhi |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1970510}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1055735}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:914775}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:140960}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| 8 |
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| 08 || Rajasthan || 10,504,916 || 5,580,212 || 4,924,004 |
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| Rajasthan |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:10504916}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:5580212}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:4924004}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:656208}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| 9 |
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| 09 || Uttar Pradesh || 29,728,235 || 15,653,175 || 14,075,060 |
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| Uttar Pradesh |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:29728235}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:15653175}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:14075060}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1578115}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| 10 |
|||
| 10 || Bihar || 18,582,229 || 9,615,280 || 8,966,949 |
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| Bihar |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:18582229}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:9615280}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8966949}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:648331}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| 11 |
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| 11 || Sikkim || 61,077 || 31,418 || 29,659 |
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| Sikkim |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:61077}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:31418}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:29659}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1759}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| 12 |
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| 12 || Arunachal Pradesh || 202,759 || 103,430 || 99,330 |
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| Arunachal Pradesh |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:202759}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:103430}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:99330}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:4100}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| 13 |
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| 13 || Nagaland || 285,981 || 147,111 || 138,870 |
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| Nagaland |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:285981}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:147111}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:138870}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8241}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| 14 |
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| 14 || Manipur || 353,237 || 182,684 || 170,553 |
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| Manipur |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:353237}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:182684}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:170553}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:12131}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| 15 |
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| 15 || Mizoram || 165,536 || 83,965 || 81,571 |
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| Mizoram |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:165536}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:83965}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:81571}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:2394}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| 16 |
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| 16 || Tripura || 444,055 || 227,354 || 216,701 |
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| Tripura |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:444055}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:227354}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:216701}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:10653}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| 17 |
|||
| 17 || Meghalaya || 555,822 || 282,189 || 273,633 |
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| Meghalaya |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:555822}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:282189}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:273633}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8556}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| 18 |
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| 18 || Assam || 4,511,307 || 2,305,088 || 2,206,219 |
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| Assam |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:4511307}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:2305088}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:2206219}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:98869}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| 19 |
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| 19 || West Bengal || 10,112,599 || 5,187,264 || 4,925,335 |
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| West Bengal |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:10112599}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:5187264}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:4925335}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:261929}} |
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|- |
|- |
||
| 20 |
|||
| 20 || Jharkhand || 5,237,582 || 2,695,921 || 2,541,661 |
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| Jharkhand |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:5237582}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:2695921}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:2541661}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:154260}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| 21 |
|||
| 21 || Odisha || 5,035,650 || 2,603,208 || 2,432,442 |
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| Odisha |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:5035650}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:2603208}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:2432442}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:170766}} |
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|- |
|- |
||
| 22 |
|||
| 22 || Chhattisgarh || 3,584,028 || 1,824,987 || 1,759,041 |
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| Chhattisgarh |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:3584028}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1824987}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1759041}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:65946}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| 23 |
|||
| 23 || Madhya Pradesh || 10,548,295 || 5,516,957 || 5,031,338 |
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| Madhya Pradesh |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:10548295}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:5516957}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:5031338}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:485619}} |
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|- |
|- |
||
| 24 |
|||
| 24 || Gujarat || 7,564464 || 3,974,286 || 3,519,890 |
|||
| Gujarat |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:7564464}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:3974286}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:3519890}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:454396}} |
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|- |
|- |
||
| 25 |
|||
| 25 || Daman and Diu || 25,880 || 13,556 ||12,314 |
|||
| Daman and Diu |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:25880}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:13556}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:12314}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1242}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 26 |
|||
| 26 || Dadra and Nagar Haveli || 49,196 || 25,575 || 23,621 |
|||
| Dadra and Nagar Haveli |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:49196}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:25575}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:23621}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1954}} |
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|- |
|- |
||
| 27 |
|||
| 27 || Maharashtra || 12,848,375 || 6,822,262 || 6,026,113 |
|||
| Maharashtra |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:12848375}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:6822262}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:6026113}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:796149}} |
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|- |
|- |
||
| 28 |
|||
| 28 || Andhra Pradesh || 8,642,686 || 4,448,330 || 4,194,356 |
|||
| Andhra Pradesh |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8642686}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:4448330}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:4194356}} |
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| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:253974}} |
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|- |
|- |
||
| 29 |
|||
| 29 || Karnataka || 6,855,801 || 3,527,844 || 3,327,957 |
|||
| Karnataka |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:6855801}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:3527844}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:3327957}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:199887}} |
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|- |
|- |
||
| 30 |
|||
| 30 || Goa || 139,495 || 72,669 || 66,826 |
|||
| Goa |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:139495}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:72669}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:66826}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:5843}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 31 |
|||
| 31 || Lakshadweep || 7,088 || 3,715 || 3,373 |
|||
| Lakshadweep |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:7088}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:3715}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:3373}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:342}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 32 |
|||
| 32 || Kerala || 3,322,247 || 1,695,889 || 1,626,358 |
|||
| Kerala |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:3322247}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1695889}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1626358}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:69531}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 33 |
|||
| 33 || Tamil Nadu || 6,894,821 || 3,542,351 || 3,352,470 |
|||
| Tamil Nadu |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:6894821}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:3542351}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:3352470}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:189881}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 34 |
|||
| 34 || Puducherry || 127,610 || 64,932 || 62,678 |
|||
| Puducherry |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:127610}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:64932}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:62678}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:2254}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 35 |
|||
| 35 || Andaman and Nicobar Islands || 39,497 || 20,094 || 19,403 |
|||
| Andaman and Nicobar Islands |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:39497}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:20094}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:19403}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:691}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="text-align: left;" | – |
|||
| || INDIA || 158,789,287 || 82,952,135 || 75,837,152 |
|||
! style="text-align: left;" | Total (India) |
|||
! style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:158789287}} |
|||
! style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:82952135}} |
|||
! style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:75837152}} |
|||
! style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:7114983}} |
|||
|} |
|} |
||
<ref name=autogenerated1 /> |
|||
===Population above the age of |
=== Population above the age of seven === |
||
[[File:2011-2016 Life Expectancy map for India by states.svg|thumb|390px|Life expectancy map of India, 2011-2016.<ref>(a) Ponnapalli et al. (2013), Aging and the Demographic Transition in India and Its States: A Comparative Perspective, International Journal of Asian Social Science, 3(1), pp. 171-193; (b) [http://www.prb.org/pdf07/futurepopulationofindia.pdf The Future Population of India] Population Research Bureau and Population Fund of India.</ref>]] |
|||
{| class="wikitable |
{| class="wikitable sortable" |
||
|+ Population above the age of seven by state/union territory<ref name=autogenerated1 /> |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! |
! scope="col" style="text-align: left;" data-sort-type="number" | State or UT code |
||
! scope="col" style="text-align: left;" | State or UT |
|||
! rowspan="2" | Name |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Total |
|||
! colspan="3" | Population |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Male |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Female |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1 |
|||
! data-sort-type="number" | Total |
|||
| Jammu and Kashmir |
|||
! data-sort-type="number" | Male |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | – |
|||
! data-sort-type="number" | Female |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | – |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | – |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 2 |
|||
| align="center" | 1 || align="left" | Jammu and Kashmir || - || - || - |
|||
| Himachal Pradesh |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | – |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | – |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | – |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 3 |
|||
| align="center" | 2 || align="left" | Himachal Pradesh || - || - || - |
|||
| Punjab |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | – |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | – |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | – |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 4 |
|||
| align="center" | 3 || align="left" | Punjab || - || - || - |
|||
| Chandigarh |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | – |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | – |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | – |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 5 |
|||
| align="center" | 4 || align="left" | Chandigarh || - || -|| - |
|||
| Uttarakhand |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | – |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | – |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | – |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 6 |
|||
| align="center" | 5 || align="left" | Uttarakhand || - || - || - |
|||
| Haryana |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:22055357}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:11703083}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:10352274}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 7 |
|||
| align="center" | 6 || align="left" | Haryana || 22,055,357 || 11,703,083 || 10,352,274 |
|||
| Delhi |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:14782725}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:7920675}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:6862050}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 8 |
|||
| align="center" | 7 || align="left" | Delhi || 14,782,725 || 7,920,675 || 6,862,050 |
|||
| Rajasthan |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:58116096}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:30039874}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:28076222}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 9 |
|||
| align="center" | 8 || align="left" | Rajasthan || 58,116,096 || 30,039,874 || 28,076,222 |
|||
| Uttar Pradesh |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:169853242}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:88943240}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:80910002}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 10 |
|||
| align="center" | 9 || align="left" | Uttar Pradesh || 169,853,242 || 88,943,240 || 80,910,002 |
|||
| Bihar |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:85222408}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:44570067}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:40652341}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 11 |
|||
| align="center" | 10 || align="left" | Bihar || 85,222,408 || 44,570,067 || 40,652,341 |
|||
| Sikkim |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:546611}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:290243}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:256368}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 12 |
|||
| align="center" | 11 || align="left" | Sikkim || 546,611 || 290,243 || 256,368 |
|||
| Arunachal Pradesh |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1179852}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:616802}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:563050}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 13 |
|||
| align="center" | 12 || align="left" | Arunachal Pradesh || 1,179,852 || 616,802 || 563,050 |
|||
| Nagaland |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1694621}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:878596}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:816025}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 14 |
|||
| align="center" | 13 || align="left" | Nagaland || 1,694,621 || 878,596 || 816,025 |
|||
| Manipur |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:2368519}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1187080}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1181439}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 15 |
|||
| align="center" | 14 || align="left" | Manipur || 2,368,519 || 1,187,080 || 1,181,439 |
|||
| Mizoram |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:925478}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:468374}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:457104}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 16 |
|||
| align="center" | 15 || align="left" | Mizoram || 925,478 || 468,374 || 457,104 |
|||
| Tripura |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:3226977}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1644513}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1582464}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 17 |
|||
| align="center" | 16 || align="left" | Tripura || 3,226,977 || 1,644,513 || 1,582,464 |
|||
| Meghalaya |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:2408185}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1210479}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1197706}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 18 |
|||
| align="center" | 17 || align="left" | Meghalaya || 2,408,185 || 1,210,479 || 1,197,706 |
|||
| Assam |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26657965}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:13649839}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:13008126}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 19 |
|||
| align="center" | 18 || align="left" | Assam || 26,657,965 || 13,649,839 || 13,008,126 |
|||
| West Bengal |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:81235137}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:41740125}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:39495012}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 20 |
|||
| align="center" | 19 || align="left" | West Bengal || 81,235,137 || 41,740,125 || 39,495,012 |
|||
| Jharkhand |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:27728656}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:14235767}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:13492889}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 21 |
|||
| align="center" | 20 || align="left" | Jharkhand || 27,728,656 || 14,235,767 || 13,492,889 |
|||
| Odisha |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:36911708}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:18598470}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:18313238}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 22 |
|||
| align="center" | 21 || align="left" | Odisha || 36,911,708 || 18,598,470 || 18,313,238 |
|||
| Chhattisgarh |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:21956168}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:11002928}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:10953240}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 23 |
|||
| align="center" | 22 || align="left" | Chhattisgarh || 21,956,168 || 11,002,928 || 10,953,240 |
|||
| Madhya Pradesh |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:62049270}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:32095963}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:29953307}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 24 |
|||
| align="center" | 23 || align="left" | Madhya Pradesh || 62,049,270 || 32,095,963 || 29,953,307 |
|||
| Gujarat |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:52889452}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:27507996}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:25381456}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 25 |
|||
| align="center" | 24 || align="left" | Gujarat || 52,889,452 || 27,507,996 || 25,381,456 |
|||
| Daman and Diu |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:217031}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:136544}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:80487}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 26 |
|||
| align="center" | 25 || align="left" | Daman and Diu || 217,031 || 136,544 || 80,487 |
|||
| Dadra and Nagar Haveli |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:293657}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:167603}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:126054}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 27 |
|||
| align="center" | 26 || align="left" | Dadra and Nagar Haveli || 293,657 || 167,603 || 126,054 |
|||
| Maharashtra |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:99524597}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:51539135}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:47985462}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 28 |
|||
| align="center" | 27 || align="left" | Maharashtra || 99,524,597 || 51,539,135 || 47,985,462 |
|||
| Andhra Pradesh |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:76022847}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:38061551}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:37961296}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 29 |
|||
| align="center" | 28 || align="left" | Andhra Pradesh || 76,022,847 || 38,061,551 || 37,961,296 |
|||
| Karnataka |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:54274903}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:27529898}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26745005}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 30 |
|||
| align="center" | 29 || align="left" | Karnataka || 54,274,903 || 27,529,898 || 26,745,005 |
|||
| Goa |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1318228}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:668042}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:650186}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 31 |
|||
| align="center" | 30 || align="left" | Goa || 1,318,228 || 668,042 || 650,186 |
|||
| Lakshadweep |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:57341}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:29391}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:27950}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 32 |
|||
| align="center" | 31 || align="left" | Lakshadweep || 57,341 || 29,391 || 27,950 |
|||
| Kerala |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | – |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | – |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | – |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 33 |
|||
| align="center" | 32 || align="left" | Kerala || - || - || - |
|||
| Tamil Nadu |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:65244137}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:32616520}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:32627617}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 34 |
|||
| align="center" | 33 || align="left" | Tamil Nadu || 65,244,137 || 32,616,520 || 32,627,617 |
|||
| Puducherry |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1116854}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:545553}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:571301}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 35 |
|||
| align="center" | 34 || align="left" | Puducherry || 1,116,854 || 545,553 || 571,301 |
|||
| Andaman and Nicobar Islands |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:340447}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:182236}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:158211}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="text-align: left;" | – |
|||
| align="center" | 35 || align="left" | Andaman and Nicobar Islands || 340,447 || 182,236 || 158,211 |
|||
! style="text-align: left;" | Total (India) |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1051404135}} |
|||
! colspan="2" | India<ref name=autogenerated1 /> !! 1,051,404,135 !! 540,772,113 !! 510,632,022 |
|||
! style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:540772113}} |
|||
! style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:510632022}} |
|||
|} |
|} |
||
===Literacy rate=== |
=== Literacy rate === |
||
[[File:2011 Census India literacy distribution map by states and union territories.svg|thumb|390px|Literacy rate map of India, 2011.<ref name=" |
[[File:2011 Census India literacy distribution map by states and union territories.svg|thumb|390px|Literacy rate map of India, 2011.<ref name="literacy">{{cite web |title=Literacy Rate – 7+years (%) |url=https://niti.gov.in/content/literacy-rate-7years |website=NITI Aayog, (National Institution for Transforming India), Government of India |access-date=8 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608053107/https://niti.gov.in/content/literacy-rate-7years |archive-date=8 June 2019 }}</ref>]] |
||
{| class="wikitable sortable" |
{| class="wikitable sortable" |
||
|+ Literacy rate by state/union territory<ref name=autogenerated1 /> |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! scope="col" style="text-align: left;" data-sort-type="number" | State or UT code |
|||
! State<BR>/UT Code !! India/State/UT !! Literate Persons (%) !! Males (%) !! Females (%) |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: left;" | State or UT |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Overall (%) |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Male (%) |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Female (%) |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1 |
|||
| 01 || Jammu and Kashmir || 86.61 || 87.26 || 86.23+- |
|||
| Jammu and Kashmir |
|||
| {{percentage bar|68.74}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|76.75}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|58.01}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 2 |
|||
| 02 || Himachal Pradesh || 83.78 || 90.83 || 76.60 |
|||
| Himachal Pradesh |
|||
| {{percentage bar|83.78}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|90.83}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|76.60}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 3 |
|||
| 03 || Punjab || 76.6 || 81.48 || 71.34 |
|||
| Punjab |
|||
| {{percentage bar|86.60}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|81.48}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|71.34}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 4 |
|||
| 04 || Chandigarh || 86.43 || 90.54 || 81.38 |
|||
| Chandigarh |
|||
| {{percentage bar|86.43}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|90.54}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|81.38}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 5 |
|||
| 05 || Uttarakhand || 79.63 || 88.33 || 70.70 |
|||
| Uttarakhand |
|||
| {{percentage bar|79.63}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|88.33}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|70.70}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 6 |
|||
| 06 || Haryana || 76.64 || 85.38 || 66.77 |
|||
| Haryana |
|||
| {{percentage bar|76.64}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|85.38}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|66.77}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 7 |
|||
| 07 || Delhi || 86.34 || 91.03 || 80.93 |
|||
| Delhi |
|||
| {{percentage bar|86.34}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|91.03}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|80.93}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 8 |
|||
| 08 || Rajasthan || 67.06 || 80.51 || 52.66 |
|||
| Rajasthan |
|||
| {{percentage bar|67.06}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|80.51}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|52.66}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 9 |
|||
| 09 || Uttar Pradesh || 69.72 || 79.24 || 59.26 |
|||
| Uttar Pradesh |
|||
| {{percentage bar|69.72}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|79.24}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|59.26}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 10 |
|||
| 10 || Bihar || 63.82 || 73.39 || 53.33 |
|||
| Bihar |
|||
| {{percentage bar|63.82}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|73.39}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|53.33}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 11 |
|||
| 11 || Sikkim || 82.20 || 87.29 || 76.43 |
|||
| Sikkim |
|||
| {{percentage bar|82.20}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|87.29}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|76.43}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 12 |
|||
| 12 || Arunachal Pradesh || 66.95 || 73.69 || 59.57 |
|||
| Arunachal Pradesh |
|||
| {{percentage bar|66.95}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|73.69}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|59.57}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 13 |
|||
| 13 || Nagaland || 80.11 || 83.29 || 76.69 |
|||
| Nagaland |
|||
| {{percentage bar|80.11}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|83.29}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|76.69}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 14 |
|||
| 14 || Manipur || 79.85 || 86.49 || 73.17 |
|||
| Manipur |
|||
| {{percentage bar|79.85}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|86.49}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|73.17}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 15 |
|||
| 15 || Mizoram || 91.58 || 93.72 || 89.40 |
|||
| Mizoram |
|||
| {{percentage bar|91.58}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|93.72}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|89.40}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 16 |
|||
| 16 || Tripura || 87.75 || 92.18 || 83.15 |
|||
| Tripura |
|||
| {{percentage bar|87.75}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|92.18}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|83.15}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 17 |
|||
| 17 || Meghalaya || 75.48 || 77.17 || 73.78 |
|||
| Meghalaya |
|||
| {{percentage bar|75.48}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|77.17}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|73.78}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 18 |
|||
| 18 || Assam || 73.18 || 78.81 || 67.27 |
|||
| Assam |
|||
| {{percentage bar|73.18}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|78.81}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|67.27}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 19 |
|||
| 19 || West Bengal || 77.08 || 82.67 || 71.16 |
|||
| West Bengal |
|||
| {{percentage bar|77.08}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|82.67}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|71.16}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 20 |
|||
| 20 || Jharkhand || 67.63 || 78.45 || 56.21 |
|||
| Jharkhand |
|||
| {{percentage bar|67.63}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|78.45}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|56.21}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 21 |
|||
| 21 || Odisha || 72.9 || 82.40 || 64.36 |
|||
| Odisha |
|||
| {{percentage bar|72.90}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|82.40}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|64.36}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 22 |
|||
| 22 || Chhattisgarh || 71.04 || 81.45 || 60.59 |
|||
| Chhattisgarh |
|||
| {{percentage bar|71.04}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|81.45}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|60.59}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 23 |
|||
| 23 || Madhya Pradesh || 70.63 || 80.53 || 60.02 |
|||
| Madhya Pradesh |
|||
| {{percentage bar|70.63}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|80.53}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|60.02}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 24 |
|||
| 24 || Gujarat || 79.31 || 87.23 || 70.73 |
|||
| Gujarat |
|||
| {{percentage bar|79.31}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|87.23}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|70.73}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 25 |
|||
| 25 || Daman and Diu || 87.07 || 91.48 || 79.59 |
|||
| Daman and Diu |
|||
| {{percentage bar|87.07}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|91.48}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|79.59}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 26 |
|||
| 26 || Dadra and Nagar Haveli || 77.65 || 86.46 || 65.93 |
|||
| Dadra and Nagar Haveli |
|||
| {{percentage bar|77.65}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|86.46}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|65.93}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 27 |
|||
| 27 || Maharashtra || 83.2 || 89.82 || 75.48 |
|||
| Maharashtra |
|||
| {{percentage bar|83.20}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|89.82}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|75.48}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 28 |
|||
| 28 || Andhra Pradesh || 67.66 || 75.56 || 59.74 |
|||
| Andhra Pradesh<ref>{{cite web |title=Statistical Abstract Andhra Pradesh, 2018 |url=https://core.ap.gov.in/CMDashBoard/Download/Publications/Statistical%20Abstract%202018.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729203236/https://core.ap.gov.in/CMDashBoard/Download/Publications/Statistical%20Abstract%202018.pdf |archive-date=29 July 2020 |website=CORE Dashboard |publisher=Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Government of Andhra Pradesh |access-date=6 June 2019 |location=Gollapudi, Vijayawada |page=II }}</ref> |
|||
| {{percentage bar|67.35}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|74.77}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|59.96}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 29 |
|||
| 29 || Karnataka || 75.60 || 82.85 || 68.13 |
|||
| Karnataka |
|||
| {{percentage bar|75.60}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|82.85}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|68.13}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 30 |
|||
| 30 || Goa || 87.40 || 92.81 || 81.84 |
|||
| Goa |
|||
| {{percentage bar|87.40}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|92.81}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|81.84}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 31 |
|||
| 31 || Lakshadweep || 92.28 || 96.11 || 88.25 |
|||
| Lakshadweep |
|||
| {{percentage bar|92.28}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|96.11}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|88.25}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 32 |
|||
| 32 || Kerala || 93.91 || 96.02 || 91.98 |
|||
| Kerala |
|||
| {{percentage bar|93.91}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|96.02}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|91.98}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 33 |
|||
| 33 || Tamil Nadu || 80.33 || 86.81 || 73.86 |
|||
| Tamil Nadu |
|||
| {{percentage bar|80.33}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|86.81}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|73.86}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 34 |
|||
| 34 || Puducherry || 86.55 || 92.12 || 81.22 |
|||
| Puducherry |
|||
| {{percentage bar|86.55}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|92.12}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|81.22}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 35 |
|||
| 35 || Andaman and Nicobar Islands || 86.27 || 90.11 || 81.84 |
|||
| Andaman and Nicobar Islands |
|||
| {{percentage bar|86.27}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|90.11}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|81.84}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="text-align: left;" | – |
|||
| || '''INDIA || 74.03 || 82.14 || 65.46''' |
|||
! style="text-align: left;" | Overall (India) |
|||
! {{percentage bar|74.03}} |
|||
! {{percentage bar|82.14}} |
|||
! {{percentage bar|65.46}} |
|||
|} |
|} |
||
<ref name=autogenerated1 /> |
|||
===Linguistic demographics=== |
=== Linguistic demographics === |
||
{{Main|List of languages by number of native speakers in India}} |
{{Main|List of languages by number of native speakers in India}} |
||
{{Pie chart |
|||
41.03% of the Indians speak [[Hindi]] while the rest speak [[Assamese language|Assamese]], [[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]], [[Kannada]], [[Malayalam]], [[Marathi language|Marathi]], [[Oriya language|Odia]], [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]], [[Tamil language|Tamil]], [[Telugu language|Telugu]], [[Urdu language|Urdu]] and a variety of other languages. |
|||
|caption=Mother tongue languages of India ([[2011 Indian Census|2011]]) |
|||
|label1=[[Hindi]]|value1=26.6 | |
|||
|label2=[[Bengali language|Bengali]]|value2=7.94 |
|||
|label3=[[Marathi language|Marathi]]|value3=6.84 |
|||
|label4=[[Telugu language|Telugu]]|value4=6.68 |
|||
|label5=[[Tamil language|Tamil]]|value5=5.69 |
|||
|label6=[[Gujarati language|Gujarati]]|value6=4.55 |
|||
|label7=[[Urdu]]|value7=4.19 |
|||
|label8=[[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]]|value8=4.18 |
|||
|label9=[[Kannada language|Kannada]]|value9=3.59 |
|||
|label10=[[Malayalam language|Malayalam]]|value10=2.87 |
|||
|label11=Others|value11=26.87}} |
|||
According to the 2001 census, 41.03% of the Indians spoke [[Hindi]] natively, while the rest spoke [[Assamese language|Assamese]], [[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]], [[Maithili language|Maithili]], [[Kannada language|Kannada]], [[Malayalam]], [[Marathi language|Marathi]], [[Oriya language|Odia]], [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]], [[Tamil language|Tamil]], [[Telugu language|Telugu]], [[Urdu language|Urdu]] and a variety of other languages. There are a total of 122 languages and 234 mother tongues spoken in India. Of these, 22 languages are [[Eighth Schedule to the Constitution of India|specified in the Eighth Schedule]] of [[Constitution of India|Indian Constitution]], while 100 are non-specified. |
|||
The table |
The table below excludes Mao-Maram, Paomata and [[Purul]] subdivisions of [[Senapati District]] of [[Manipur]] state due to cancellation of census results. |
||
{| class |
{| class="wikitable sortable" |
||
|+ Languages of India by number of native speakers at the [[ |
|+ Languages of India by number of native speakers at the [[2001 Census of India#Language demographics|2001 census]]<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Census_Data_Online/Language/Statement1.aspx Abstract of speakers' strength of languages and mother tongues – 2000] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120206233628/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Census_Data_Online/Language/Statement1.htm|date=6 February 2012}}, Census of India, 2001</ref> |
||
! Rank !! Language !! Speakers !! Percentage |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! scope="col" style="text-align: left;" | Rank |
|||
| 1||[[Hindi language (Hindi belt)|Hindi dialects]]<ref>includes [[Western Hindi]], [[Eastern Hindi]], [[Bihari languages]], [[Rajasthani languages]] and [[Pahari languages]].</ref>||422,048,642||41.03% |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: left;" | Language |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" | Speakers |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" | Percentage (%) |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1 |
|||
| 2||[[Bengali language|Bengali]]||83,369,769||8.11% |
|||
| [[Hindi]]{{refn|group=note|includes [[Bihari languages]], [[Rajasthani languages|Bajri Rajasthani languages]], [[Pahari language (name)|Pahari]], [[Awadhi language]], [[Bagheli language|Bagheli/Baghel Khan Language]], [[Banjar language|Banjari Language]]. A total of 12 types.}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:422048642}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|41.030}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 2 |
|||
| 3||[[Telugu language|Telugu]]||74,002,856||7.19% |
|||
| [[Bengali language|Bengali]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:83369769}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|8.110}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 3 |
|||
| 4||[[Marathi language|Marathi]]||71,936,894||6.99% |
|||
| [[Telugu language|Telugu]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:74002856}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|7.190}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 4 |
|||
| 5||[[Tamil language|Tamil]]||60,793,814||5.91% |
|||
| [[Marathi language|Marathi]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:71936894}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|6.990}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 5 |
|||
| 6||[[Urdu]]||51,536,111||5.01% |
|||
| [[Tamil language|Tamil]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:60793814}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|5.910}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 6 |
|||
| 7||[[Gujarati language|Gujarati]]||46,091,617||4.48% |
|||
| [[Urdu]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:51536111}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|5.010}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 7 |
|||
| 8||[[Kannada language|Kannada]]||37,924,011||3.69% |
|||
| [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:46091617}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|4.480}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 8 |
|||
| 9||[[Malayalam language|Malayalam]]||33,066,392||3.21% |
|||
| [[Kannada]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:37924011}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|3.690}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 9 |
|||
| 10||[[Odia language|Odia]]||33,017,446||3.21% |
|||
| [[Malayalam]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:33066392}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|3.210}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 10 |
|||
| 11||[[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]||29,102,477||2.83% |
|||
| [[Odia language|Odia]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:33017446}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|3.210}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 11 |
|||
| 12||[[Assamese language|Assamese]]||13,168,484||1.28% |
|||
| [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:29102477}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|2.830}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 12 |
|||
| 13||[[Maithili language|Maithili]]||12,179,122||1.18% |
|||
| [[Assamese language|Assamese]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:13168484}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|1.280}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 13 |
|||
| 14 || [[Bhili language|Bhili/Bhilodi]] || 9,582,957|| 0.93% |
|||
| [[Maithili language|Maithili]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:12179122}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|1.180}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 14 |
|||
| 15||[[Santali language|Santali]]||6,469,600||0.63% |
|||
| [[Bhili language|Bhili/Bhilodi]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:9582957}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.930}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 15 |
|||
| 16||[[Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]]||5,527,698||0.54% |
|||
| [[Santali language|Santali]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:6469600}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.630}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 16 |
|||
| 17||[[Nepali language|Nepali]]||2,871,749||0.28% |
|||
| [[Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:5527698}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.540}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 17 |
|||
| 18||[[Gondi language|Gondi]]|| 2,713,790 ||0.26% |
|||
| [[Nepali language|Nepali]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:2871749}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.280}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 18 |
|||
| 19||[[Sindhi language|Sindhi]]||2,535,485||0.25% |
|||
| [[Gondi language|Gondi]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:2713790}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.260}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 19 |
|||
| 20||[[Konkani language|Konkani]]||2,489,015||0.24% |
|||
| [[Sindhi language|Sindhi]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:2535485}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.250}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 20 |
|||
| 21||[[Dogri language|Dogri]]||2,282,589||0.22% |
|||
| [[Konkani language|Konkani]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:2489015}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.240}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 21 |
|||
| 22 || [[Khandeshi language|Khandeshi]] || 2,075,258 || 0.20% |
|||
| [[Dogri language|Dogri]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:2282589}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.220}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 22 |
|||
| 23 || [[Kurukh language|Kurukh]] || 1,751,489 || 0.17% |
|||
| [[Khandeshi language|Khandeshi]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:2075258}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.200}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 23 |
|||
| 24 || [[Tulu language|Tulu]] || 1,722,768 || 0.17% |
|||
| [[Kurukh language|Kurukh]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1751489}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.170}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 24 |
|||
| 25 ||[[Meitei language|Meitei]] (Manipuri)||1,466,705<nowiki>*</nowiki>||0.14% |
|||
| [[Tulu language|Tulu]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1722768}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.170}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 25 |
|||
| 26 ||[[Bodo language|Bodo]]||1,350,478||0.13% |
|||
| [[Meitei language|Meitei]] (Manipuri) |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1466705}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.140}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 26 |
|||
| 27 || [[Khasi language|Khasi - Garo]] || 1,128,575 || 0.112% |
|||
| [[Boro language (India)|Bodo]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1350478}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.130}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 27 |
|||
| 28 || [[Mundari language|Mundari]] || 1,061,352 ||0.105% |
|||
| [[Khasi language|Khasi – Garo]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1128575}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.112}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 28 |
|||
| 29 || [[Ho language|Ho]] || 1,042,724 ||0.103% |
|||
| [[Mundari language|Mundari]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1061352}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.105}} |
|||
|- |
|||
| 29 |
|||
| [[Ho language|Ho]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1042724}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.103}} |
|||
|- |
|||
|30 |
|||
| [[Tripuri language|Tripuri]] |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1011294}} |
|||
| {{percentage bar|0.103}} |
|||
|} |
|} |
||
== |
== Largest cities of India == |
||
{{ |
{{main list|List of cities in India by population}} |
||
{{Largest cities |
|||
| country = India |
|||
| stat_ref = [[2011 Census of India]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Cities having population 1 lakh and above|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_2_PR_Cities_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf|publisher=India Census 2011|date=31 January 2012}}</ref> |
|||
| div_name = State/UT |
|||
| div_link = States and territories of India{{!}}State/UT |
|||
| city_1 = Mumbai| div_1 = Maharashtra |
|||
==Vital statistics== |
|||
| pop_1 = 12,478,447 | img_1 = Mumbai 03-2016 10 skyline of Lotus Colony.jpg |
|||
| city_11 = Kanpur | div_11 = Uttar Pradesh | pop_11 = 2,920,067 |
|||
| city_2 = Delhi | div_2 = Delhi | pop_2 = 11,007,835 | img_2 = Skyscrapers connaught place New Delhi.JPG |
|||
===UN estimates=== |
|||
| city_12 = Lucknow | div_12 = Uttar Pradesh | pop_12 = 2,901,474 |
|||
{| class ="wikitable sortable" |
|||
| city_3 = Chennai| div_3 = Tamil Nadu | pop_3 = 8,696,010 | img_3 = Chennai metro during trail run during night.JPG |
|||
| city_13 = Nagpur | div_13 = Maharashtra | pop_13 = 2,405,421 |
|||
| city_4 = Bangalore | div_4 = Karnataka | pop_4 = 8,425,970 | img_4 = UB CITY Skyline.jpg |
|||
| city_14 = Indore | div_14 = Madhya Pradesh | pop_14 = 1,960,521 |
|||
| city_5 = Hyderabad | div_5 = Telangana| pop_5 = 6,809,970 |
|||
| city_15 = Thane | div_15 = Maharashtra | pop_15 = 1,818,872 |
|||
| city_6 = Ahmedabad| div_6 = Gujarat | pop_6 = 5,570,585 |
|||
| city_16 = Bhopal | div_16 = Madhya Pradesh | pop_16 = 1,795,648 |
|||
| city_7 = Kolkata | div_7 = West Bengal | pop_7 = 4,486,679 |
|||
| city_17 = Visakhapatnam | div_17 = Andhra Pradesh | pop_17 = 1,730,320 |
|||
| city_8 = Surat | div_8 = Gujarat | pop_8 = 4,462,002 |
|||
| city_18 = Pimpri-Chinchwad | div_18 = Maharashtra | pop_18 = 1,729,359 |
|||
| city_9 = Pune | div_9 = Maharashtra | pop_9 = 3,115,431 |
|||
| city_19 = Patna | div_19 = Bihar | pop_19 =1,683,200 |
|||
| city_10 = Jaipur | div_10 = Rajasthan | pop_10 = 3,073,350 |
|||
| city_20 = Vadodara| div_20 = Gujarat, India{{!}}Gujarat | pop_20 = 1,670,806 |
|||
}} |
|||
== Vital statistics == |
|||
=== UN estimates === |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right" |
|||
|+ United Nations, World Population Prospects: The 2022 revision – India<ref>{{Cite web |title=World Population Prospects – Population Division – United Nations |url=https://population.un.org/wpp/Download/Standard/MostUsed/ |access-date=13 July 2022 |publisher=United Nations}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! style=" |
! scope="col" style="text-align: left;" |Year |
||
! style="width: |
! scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 70pt;" data-sort-type="number" |Mid-year population |
||
! style="width: |
! scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 70pt;" data-sort-type="number" | Births per year |
||
! style="width: |
! scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 70pt;" data-sort-type="number" | Deaths per year |
||
! scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 70pt;" data-sort-type="number" | Natural change per year |
|||
! style="width:80pt;"|CBR<sup>1</sup> |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 60pt;" data-sort-type="number" | Crude birth rate<br />(per 1000) |
|||
! style="width:80pt;"|CDR<sup>1</sup> |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 60pt;" data-sort-type="number" | Crude death rate<br />(per 1000) |
|||
! style="width:80pt;"|NC<sup>1</sup> |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 60pt;" data-sort-type="number" | Natural change<br />(per 1000) |
|||
! style="width:80pt;"|TFR<sup>1</sup> |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 60pt;" data-sort-type="number" | Crude migration rate<br />(per 1000) |
|||
! style="width:80pt;"|IMR<sup>1</sup> |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 60pt;" data-sort-type="number" | Total Fertility rate |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 60pt;" data-sort-type="number" | Infant mortality (per 1000) |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 35pt;" data-sort-type="number" |[[Life expectancy]] |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|1950 |
|||
| 1950–1955 |
|||
| style=" |
| style="color:red" |357,021,000 |
||
| style=" |
| style="color:red" |15,651,000 |
||
| style=" |
| style=" color:blue" | 7,942,000 |
||
| style=" |
| style="color:red" | 7,709,000 |
||
|43.8 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 25.5 |
|||
| |
|style="color:red"|22.68 |
||
|21.6 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 5.90 |
|||
| |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 165.0 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.73 |
|||
| style="color:red" | 181.2 |
|||
| style="color:red" | 41.7 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|1951 |
|||
| 1955–1960 |
|||
|364,922,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 17,981,000 |
|||
|16,042,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 9,686,000 |
|||
|8,171,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 8,295,000 |
|||
|7,871,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 42.1 |
|||
|44.0 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 22.7 |
|||
|22.53 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 19.4 |
|||
|21.6 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 5.90 |
|||
| 0.5 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 153.1 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.77 |
|||
|180.1 |
|||
| style="color:red" | 41.7 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|1952 |
|||
| 1960–1965 |
|||
|372,997,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 19,086,000 |
|||
|16,458,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 9,358,000 |
|||
|8,293,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 9,728,000 |
|||
|8,165,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 40.4 |
|||
|44.1 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 19.8 |
|||
|22.24 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 20.6 |
|||
|21.9 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 5.82 |
|||
| 0.2 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 140.1 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.82 |
|||
|177.5 |
|||
|42.0 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|1953 |
|||
| 1965–1970 |
|||
|381,228,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 20,611,000 |
|||
|16,857,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 9,057,000 |
|||
|8,442,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 11,554,000 |
|||
|8,415,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 39.2 |
|||
| |
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |44.2 |
||
|22.07 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 22.0 |
|||
|22.1 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 5.69 |
|||
| 0 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 128.5 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.87 |
|||
|175.3 |
|||
|42.2 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|1954 |
|||
| 1970–1975 |
|||
|389,731,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 22,022,000 |
|||
|17,247,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 8,821,000 |
|||
|8,414,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 13,201,000 |
|||
|8,833,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 37.5 |
|||
| |
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |44.2 |
||
|21.45 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 22.5 |
|||
|22.7 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 5.26 |
|||
| -0.4 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 118.0 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.91 |
|||
|172.2 |
|||
|43.0 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|1955 |
|||
| 1975–1980 |
|||
|398,578,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 24,003,000 |
|||
|17,549,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 8,584,000 |
|||
|8,468,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 15,419,000 |
|||
|9,081,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 36.3 |
|||
|44.0 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 13.0 |
|||
|21.07 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 23.3 |
|||
|22.8 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 4.89 |
|||
| -0.1 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 106.4 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.91 |
|||
|169.7 |
|||
|43.4 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|1956 |
|||
| 1980–1985 |
|||
|407,657,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 25,577,000 |
|||
|17,844,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 8,763,000 |
|||
|8,533,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 16,814,000 |
|||
|9,310,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 34.5 |
|||
|43.8 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 11.8 |
|||
|20.74 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 22.7 |
|||
|22.8 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 4.47 |
|||
| 0 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 95.0 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.91 |
|||
|167.3 |
|||
|43.8 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|1957 |
|||
| 1985–1990 |
|||
| |
|416,935,000 |
||
|18,128,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 9,073,000 |
|||
|8,618,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 17,862,000 |
|||
|9,510,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 32.5 |
|||
|43.5 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 10.9 |
|||
|20.49 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 21.5 |
|||
|22.8 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 4.11 |
|||
| 0 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 85.1 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.91 |
|||
|165.0 |
|||
|44.1 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|1958 |
|||
| 1990–1995 |
|||
|426,296,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 27,566,000 |
|||
|18,370,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 9,400,000 |
|||
|8,673,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 18,166,000 |
|||
|9,696,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 30.0 |
|||
|43.1 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 10.2 |
|||
|20.14 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 19.8 |
|||
|22.7 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 3.72 |
|||
| -0.2 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 76.4 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.90 |
|||
|162.7 |
|||
|44.4 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|1959 |
|||
| 1995–2000 |
|||
|435,900,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 27,443,000 |
|||
|18,593,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 9,458,000 |
|||
|8,688,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 17,985,000 |
|||
|9,905,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 27.2 |
|||
|42.6 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 9.4 |
|||
|19.72 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 17.8 |
|||
|22.7 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 3.31 |
|||
| -0.2 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 68.9 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.89 |
|||
|160.3 |
|||
|44.9 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|1960 |
|||
| 2000–2005 |
|||
|445,955,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 27,158,000 |
|||
|18,958,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 9,545,000 |
|||
|8,756,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 17,614,000 |
|||
|10,201,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 24.8 |
|||
|42.5 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 8.7 |
|||
|19.42 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 16.1 |
|||
|22.9 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 2.96 |
|||
| 0.2 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 60.7 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.92 |
|||
|158.2 |
|||
|45.2 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|1961 |
|||
| 2005–2010 |
|||
|456,352,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 27,271,000 |
|||
|19,301,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 9,757,000 |
|||
|8,874,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 17,514,000 |
|||
|10,427,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 23.1 |
|||
|42.3 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 8.3 |
|||
|19.23 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 14.8 |
|||
|22.8 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 2.73 |
|||
| 0.5 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 52.9 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.94 |
|||
|156.4 |
|||
|45.4 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1962 |
|||
|467,024,000 |
|||
|19,663,000 |
|||
|8,969,000 |
|||
|10,693,000 |
|||
|42.1 |
|||
|18.98 |
|||
|22.9 |
|||
| 0.5 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.95 |
|||
|154.5 |
|||
|45.7 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1963 |
|||
|477,934,000 |
|||
|20,031,000 |
|||
|9,064,000 |
|||
|10,966,000 |
|||
|41.9 |
|||
|18.73 |
|||
|22.9 |
|||
| 0.5 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.97 |
|||
|152.7 |
|||
|45.9 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1964 |
|||
|489,059,000 |
|||
|20,407,000 |
|||
|9,177,000 |
|||
|11,230,000 |
|||
|41.7 |
|||
|18.51 |
|||
|style="color:blue" |23.0 |
|||
| 0.3 |
|||
| style="color:blue" |5.98 |
|||
|151.1 |
|||
|46.2 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1965 |
|||
|500,114,000 |
|||
|20,679,000 |
|||
|9,824,000 |
|||
|10,855,000 |
|||
|41.3 |
|||
|19.36 |
|||
|21.7 |
|||
| 0.9 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.94 |
|||
|156.4 |
|||
|45.0 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1966 |
|||
|510,993,000 |
|||
|20,913,000 |
|||
|9,886,000 |
|||
|11,027,000 |
|||
|40.9 |
|||
|19.06 |
|||
|21.6 |
|||
| 0.2 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.88 |
|||
|154.7 |
|||
|45.3 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1967 |
|||
|521,987,000 |
|||
|21,193,000 |
|||
|9,963,000 |
|||
|11,231,000 |
|||
|40.6 |
|||
|18.78 |
|||
|21.5 |
|||
| 0 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.83 |
|||
|153.1 |
|||
|45.7 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1968 |
|||
|533,432,000 |
|||
|21,454,000 |
|||
|9,486,000 |
|||
|11,968,000 |
|||
|40.2 |
|||
|17.52 |
|||
|22.4 |
|||
| -0.5 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.76 |
|||
|145.0 |
|||
|47.5 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1969 |
|||
|545,315,000 |
|||
|21,704,000 |
|||
|9,551,000 |
|||
|12,154,000 |
|||
|39.8 |
|||
|17.27 |
|||
|22.3 |
|||
| 0 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.68 |
|||
|143.3 |
|||
|47.9 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1970 |
|||
|557,501,000 |
|||
|22,043,000 |
|||
|9,606,000 |
|||
|12,437,000 |
|||
|39.5 |
|||
|17.01 |
|||
|22.3 |
|||
| -0.1 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.62 |
|||
|141.7 |
|||
|48.2 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1971 |
|||
|569,999,000 |
|||
|22,483,000 |
|||
|9,658,000 |
|||
|12,825,000 |
|||
|39.4 |
|||
|16.81 |
|||
|22.5 |
|||
| -0.1 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.57 |
|||
|139.9 |
|||
|48.6 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1972 |
|||
|582,838,000 |
|||
|22,835,000 |
|||
|9,702,000 |
|||
|13,133,000 |
|||
|39.2 |
|||
|16.60 |
|||
|22.5 |
|||
| 0 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.48 |
|||
|138.5 |
|||
|49.0 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1973 |
|||
|596,107,000 |
|||
|23,230,000 |
|||
|9,701,000 |
|||
|13,529,000 |
|||
|39.0 |
|||
|16.31 |
|||
|22.7 |
|||
| 0.1 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.40 |
|||
|136.3 |
|||
|49.5 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1974 |
|||
|609,722,000 |
|||
|23,559,000 |
|||
|9,628,000 |
|||
|13,931,000 |
|||
|38.6 |
|||
|15.89 |
|||
|22.8 |
|||
| 0 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.33 |
|||
|133.3 |
|||
|50.2 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1975 |
|||
|623,524,000 |
|||
|23,660,000 |
|||
|9,592,000 |
|||
|14,068,000 |
|||
|37.9 |
|||
|15.53 |
|||
|22.6 |
|||
| 0 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.20 |
|||
|130.7 |
|||
|50.8 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1976 |
|||
|637,451,000 |
|||
|24,021,000 |
|||
|9,572,000 |
|||
|14,449,000 |
|||
|37.7 |
|||
|15.18 |
|||
|22.7 |
|||
| -0.4 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.13 |
|||
|127.9 |
|||
|51.4 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1977 |
|||
|651,686,000 |
|||
|24,042,000 |
|||
|9,555,000 |
|||
|14,487,000 |
|||
|36.9 |
|||
|14.82 |
|||
|22.2 |
|||
| 0.1 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.01 |
|||
|124.9 |
|||
|51.9 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1978 |
|||
|666,268,000 |
|||
|24,243,000 |
|||
|9,520,000 |
|||
|14,723,000 |
|||
|36.4 |
|||
|14.43 |
|||
|22.1 |
|||
| 0.3 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.89 |
|||
|121.7 |
|||
|52.5 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1979 |
|||
|681,248,000 |
|||
|24,699,000 |
|||
|9,515,000 |
|||
|15,184,000 |
|||
|36.3 |
|||
|14.07 |
|||
|22.3 |
|||
| 0.2 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.81 |
|||
|118.4 |
|||
|53.1 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1980 |
|||
|696,828,000 |
|||
|25,235,000 |
|||
|9,530,000 |
|||
|15,705,000 |
|||
|36.2 |
|||
|13.75 |
|||
|22.5 |
|||
| 0.4 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.78 |
|||
|115.2 |
|||
|53.6 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1981 |
|||
|712,869,000 |
|||
|25,683,000 |
|||
|9,532,000 |
|||
|16,151,000 |
|||
|36.0 |
|||
|13.42 |
|||
|22.7 |
|||
| 0.3 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.70 |
|||
|112.1 |
|||
|54.2 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1982 |
|||
|729,169,000 |
|||
|25,964,000 |
|||
|9,512,000 |
|||
|16,452,000 |
|||
|35.6 |
|||
|13.09 |
|||
|22.6 |
|||
| 0.3 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.62 |
|||
|109.3 |
|||
|54.7 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1983 |
|||
|745,827,000 |
|||
|26,329,000 |
|||
|9,487,000 |
|||
|16,842,000 |
|||
|35.3 |
|||
|12.77 |
|||
|22.6 |
|||
| 0.2 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.57 |
|||
|106.7 |
|||
|55.3 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1984 |
|||
|762,890,005 |
|||
|26,777,000 |
|||
|9,471,000 |
|||
|17,307,000 |
|||
|35.1 |
|||
|12.47 |
|||
|22.7 |
|||
| 0.2 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.52 |
|||
|104.2 |
|||
|55.8 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1985 |
|||
|780,242,000 |
|||
|27,001,000 |
|||
|9,444,000 |
|||
|17,558,000 |
|||
|34.6 |
|||
|12.16 |
|||
|22.5 |
|||
| 0.2 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.43 |
|||
|101.8 |
|||
|56.3 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1986 |
|||
|797,879,000 |
|||
|27,522,000 |
|||
|9,434,000 |
|||
|18,088,000 |
|||
|34.5 |
|||
|11.88 |
|||
|22.7 |
|||
| -0.1 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.40 |
|||
|99.4 |
|||
|56.8 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1987 |
|||
|815,716,000 |
|||
|27,478,000 |
|||
|9,400,000 |
|||
|18,077,000 |
|||
|33.7 |
|||
|11.58 |
|||
|22.2 |
|||
| 0.2 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.31 |
|||
|97.0 |
|||
|57.3 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1988 |
|||
|833,730,000 |
|||
|27,654,000 |
|||
|9,369,000 |
|||
|18,286,000 |
|||
|33.2 |
|||
|11.29 |
|||
|21.9 |
|||
| 0.2 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.22 |
|||
|94.6 |
|||
|57.8 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1989 |
|||
|852,013,000 |
|||
|27,733,000 |
|||
|9,335,000 |
|||
|18,398,000 |
|||
|32.5 |
|||
|11.00 |
|||
|21.6 |
|||
| 0.3 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.13 |
|||
|92.2 |
|||
|58.2 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1990 |
|||
|870,452,000 |
|||
|27,692,000 |
|||
|9,306,000 |
|||
|18,386,000 |
|||
|31.8 |
|||
|10.73 |
|||
|21.1 |
|||
| 0.5 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.05 |
|||
|89.8 |
|||
|58.7 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1991 |
|||
|888,942,000 |
|||
|27,937,000 |
|||
|9,295,000 |
|||
|18,642,000 |
|||
|31.4 |
|||
|10.47 |
|||
|21.0 |
|||
| 0.2 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.96 |
|||
|87.6 |
|||
|59.1 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1992 |
|||
|907,574,000 |
|||
|28,057,000 |
|||
|9,285,000 |
|||
|18,772,000 |
|||
|30.9 |
|||
|10.22 |
|||
|20.7 |
|||
| 0.3 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.88 |
|||
|85.5 |
|||
|59.5 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1993 |
|||
|926,351,000 |
|||
|28,055,000 |
|||
|9,283,000 |
|||
|18,772,000 |
|||
|30.3 |
|||
|10.00 |
|||
|20.3 |
|||
| 0.4 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.80 |
|||
|83.5 |
|||
|59.8 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1994 |
|||
|945,262,000 |
|||
|28,207,000 |
|||
|9,270,000 |
|||
|18,937,000 |
|||
|29.8 |
|||
|9.78 |
|||
|20.0 |
|||
| 0.4 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.72 |
|||
|81.4 |
|||
|60.2 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1995 |
|||
|964,279,000 |
|||
|28,314,000 |
|||
|9,269,000 |
|||
|19,044,000 |
|||
|29.4 |
|||
|9.57 |
|||
|19.7 |
|||
| 0.4 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.65 |
|||
|79.3 |
|||
|60.6 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1996 |
|||
|983,281,000 |
|||
|28,305,000 |
|||
|9,262,000 |
|||
|19,043,000 |
|||
|28.8 |
|||
|9.37 |
|||
|19.4 |
|||
| 0.3 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.58 |
|||
|77.1 |
|||
|61.0 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1997 |
|||
|1,002,335,000 |
|||
|28,341,000 |
|||
|9,251,000 |
|||
|19,090,000 |
|||
|28.3 |
|||
|9.17 |
|||
|19.0 |
|||
| 0.4 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.51 |
|||
|74.8 |
|||
|61.4 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1998 |
|||
|1,021,435,000 |
|||
|28,381,000 |
|||
|9,245,000 |
|||
|19,136,000 |
|||
|27.8 |
|||
|8.99 |
|||
|18.7 |
|||
| 0.4 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.45 |
|||
|72.5 |
|||
|61.8 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1999 |
|||
|1,040,500,000 |
|||
|28,365,000 |
|||
|9,235,000 |
|||
|19,130,000 |
|||
|27.3 |
|||
|8.80 |
|||
|18.4 |
|||
| 0.3 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.38 |
|||
|70.2 |
|||
|62.2 |
|||
|- |
|||
|2000 |
|||
|1,059,634,000 |
|||
|28,615,000 |
|||
|9,221,000 |
|||
|19,394,000 |
|||
|27.0 |
|||
|8.63 |
|||
|18.3 |
|||
| 0.1 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.35 |
|||
|67.8 |
|||
|62.7 |
|||
|- |
|||
|2001 |
|||
|1,078,971,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |28,843,000 |
|||
|9,235,000 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |19,608,000 |
|||
|26.7 |
|||
|8.48 |
|||
|18.2 |
|||
| 0 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.30 |
|||
|65.4 |
|||
|63.1 |
|||
|- |
|||
|2002 |
|||
|1,098,313,000 |
|||
|28,648,000 |
|||
|9,186,000 |
|||
|19,462,000 |
|||
|26.1 |
|||
|8.29 |
|||
|17.7 |
|||
| 0.2 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.22 |
|||
|63.1 |
|||
|63.6 |
|||
|- |
|||
|2003 |
|||
|1,117,415,000 |
|||
|28,356,000 |
|||
|9,150,000 |
|||
|19,206,000 |
|||
|25.4 |
|||
|8.13 |
|||
|17.2 |
|||
| 0.2 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.12 |
|||
|60.8 |
|||
|64.1 |
|||
|- |
|||
|2004 |
|||
|1,136,265,000 |
|||
|28,099,000 |
|||
|9,136,000 |
|||
|18,963,000 |
|||
|24.7 |
|||
|7.98 |
|||
|16.7 |
|||
| 0.2 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.05 |
|||
|58.6 |
|||
|64.5 |
|||
|- |
|||
|2005 |
|||
|1,154,639,000 |
|||
|27,646,000 |
|||
|9,096,000 |
|||
|18,550,000 |
|||
|23.9 |
|||
|7.82 |
|||
|16.1 |
|||
| 0.1 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.96 |
|||
|56.3 |
|||
|65.0 |
|||
|- |
|||
|2006 |
|||
|1,172,374,000 |
|||
|27,229,000 |
|||
|9,080,000 |
|||
|18,149,000 |
|||
|23.2 |
|||
|7.67 |
|||
|15.5 |
|||
| -0.1 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.86 |
|||
|54.1 |
|||
|65.4 |
|||
|- |
|||
|2007 |
|||
|1,189,692,000 |
|||
|27,030,000 |
|||
|9,095,000 |
|||
|17,935,000 |
|||
|22.7 |
|||
|7.54 |
|||
|15.1 |
|||
| -0.3 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.78 |
|||
|51.9 |
|||
|65.8 |
|||
|- |
|||
|2008 |
|||
|1,206,735,000 |
|||
|26,890,000 |
|||
|9,123,000 |
|||
|17,767,000 |
|||
|22.3 |
|||
|7.41 |
|||
|14.7 |
|||
| -0.4 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.72 |
|||
|49.6 |
|||
|66.1 |
|||
|- |
|||
|2009 |
|||
|1,223,640,000 |
|||
|26,848,000 |
|||
|9,154,000 |
|||
|17,694,000 |
|||
|21.9 |
|||
|7.29 |
|||
|14.5 |
|||
| -0.5 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.67 |
|||
|47.4 |
|||
|66.5 |
|||
|- |
|||
|2010 |
|||
|1,240,614,000 |
|||
|26,599,000 |
|||
|9,162,000 |
|||
|17,437,000 |
|||
|21.4 |
|||
|7.16 |
|||
|14.1 |
|||
| -0.2 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.60 |
|||
|45.2 |
|||
|66.9 |
|||
|- |
|||
|2011 |
|||
|1,257,621,191 |
|||
|26,342,000 |
|||
|9,139,000 |
|||
|17,203,000 |
|||
|20.9 |
|||
|7.05 |
|||
|13.7 |
|||
| 0 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.54 |
|||
|43.0 |
|||
|67.4 |
|||
|- |
|||
|2012 |
|||
|1,274,487,215 |
|||
|26,027,000 |
|||
|9,072,000 |
|||
|16,954,000 |
|||
|20.4 |
|||
|6.95 |
|||
|13.3 |
|||
| 0.1 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.47 |
|||
|40.8 |
|||
|67.9 |
|||
|- |
|||
|2013 |
|||
|1,291,132,063 |
|||
|25,740,000 |
|||
|8,987,000 |
|||
|16,753,000 |
|||
|19.9 |
|||
|6.86 |
|||
|13.0 |
|||
| 0.1 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.41 |
|||
|38.7 |
|||
|68.5 |
|||
|- |
|||
|2014 |
|||
|1,307,246,509 |
|||
|24,899,000 |
|||
|8,876,000 |
|||
|16,023,000 |
|||
|19.0 |
|||
|6.77 |
|||
|12.3 |
|||
| 0.2 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.31 |
|||
|36.7 |
|||
|69.1 |
|||
|- |
|||
|2015 |
|||
|1,322,866,505 |
|||
|24,828,000 |
|||
|8,826,000 |
|||
|16,003,000 |
|||
|18.8 |
|||
|6.73 |
|||
|12.1 |
|||
| -0.2 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.29 |
|||
|34.7 |
|||
|69.6 |
|||
|- |
|||
|2016 |
|||
|1,338,636,340 |
|||
|24,783,000 |
|||
|8,839,000 |
|||
|15,944,000 |
|||
|18.5 |
|||
|6.70 |
|||
|11.9 |
|||
| 0 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.27 |
|||
|32.8 |
|||
|70.1 |
|||
|- |
|||
|2017 |
|||
|1,354,195,680 |
|||
|24,254,000 |
|||
|8,928,000 |
|||
|15,326,000 |
|||
|17.9 |
|||
|6.67 |
|||
|11.3 |
|||
| 0.3 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.20 |
|||
|31.1 |
|||
|70.5 |
|||
|- |
|||
|2018 |
|||
|1,369,003,306 |
|||
|24,168,000 |
|||
|9,098,000 |
|||
|15,070,000 |
|||
|17.7 |
|||
|6.67 |
|||
|11.0 |
|||
| -0.1 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.18 |
|||
|29.4 |
|||
|70.7 |
|||
|- |
|||
|2019 |
|||
|1,383,112,050 |
|||
|23,583,000 |
|||
|9,281,000 |
|||
|14,302,000 |
|||
|17.0 |
|||
|6.67 |
|||
|10.3 |
|||
| 0 |
|||
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.11 |
|||
|27.9 |
|||
|70.9 |
|||
|- |
|||
|2020 |
|||
|1,396,387,127 |
|||
|23,139,000 |
|||
|10,262,000 |
|||
|12,876,000 |
|||
|16.6 |
|||
|7.21 |
|||
|9.2 |
|||
| 0.4 |
|||
|2.05 |
|||
|26.6 |
|||
|70.1 |
|||
|- |
|||
|2021 |
|||
|1,407,563,842 |
|||
|23,114,000 |
|||
| style="color:red" |13,511,232 |
|||
| 9,602,768 |
|||
|16.4 |
|||
|9.26 |
|||
|style="color:red" |7.0 |
|||
| -1.0 |
|||
|2.03 |
|||
| style=" color:blue" |25.5 |
|||
|67.2 |
|||
|- |
|||
|2022 |
|||
|1,417,173,173 |
|||
|23,056,027 |
|||
|12,862,015 |
|||
|10,194,012 |
|||
|16.3 |
|||
|style="color:blue"|6.58 |
|||
|7.2 |
|||
| -0.4 |
|||
|2.01 |
|||
| |
|||
|67.7 |
|||
|- |
|||
|2023 |
|||
|1,428,627,663 |
|||
|23,162,866 |
|||
|11,222,240 |
|||
|11,940,626 |
|||
|style="color: red"|16.1 |
|||
|6.61 |
|||
|9.5 |
|||
| -1.4 |
|||
|style="color:red" | 2.00(e) |
|||
| |
|||
| style=" color:blue"| 72.0 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| colspan="9"| <sup>1</sup> <small>CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births</small> |
|||
|} |
|} |
||
{{GraphChart |
|||
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs website > World Population Prospects: The 2010 revision.<ref>[http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/index.htm United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs website > World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision]</ref> |
|||
| width = 450 |
|||
| height = 150 |
|||
| xAxisTitle=year |
|||
| yAxisTitle= million |
|||
| yAxisMin= |
|||
| yGrid= 0,1 |
|||
| xGrid= 10 |
|||
| legend= |
|||
| type = line |
|||
| x = 1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022 |
|||
| y1= 357,365,373,381,390,399,408,417,426,436,446,456,467,478,489,500,511,522,533,545,558,570,583,596,610,624,637,652,666,681,697,713,729,746,763,780,798,816, |
|||
===Sample Registration System=== |
|||
834,852,870,889,908,926,945,964,983,1002,1021,1041,1060,1079,1098,1117,1136,1155,1172,1190,1207,1224,1241,1258,1274,1291,1307,1323,1339,1354,1369,1383,1396,1408, 1417 |
|||
[[File:2012 Fertility rate map of India, births per woman by its states and union territories.svg|thumb|390px|Total fertility rate map: average births per woman by states and union territories, 2012<ref>Table in [http://www.censusindia.gov.in/vital_statistics/SRS_Report_2012/10_Chap_3_2012.pdf Chapter 3] Vital Statistics of India, Estimates of Fertility Indicators, Census of India, Government of India (2013), page 48</ref>]] |
|||
| y1Title= population (million) |
|||
}} |
|||
{{GraphChart |
|||
| width = 450 |
|||
| height = 150 |
|||
| xAxisTitle=years |
|||
| yAxisTitle= ‰ |
|||
| yAxisMin= |
|||
| yGrid= 0,1 |
|||
| xGrid= 10 |
|||
| hAnnotatonsLine= |
|||
| hAnnotatonsLabel= |
|||
| legend= |
|||
| type = line |
|||
| x = 1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021 |
|||
| y1=21.6,21.6,21.9,22.1,22.7,22.8,22.8,22.8,22.7,22.7,22.9,22.8,22.9,22.9,23.0,21.7,21.6,21.5,22.4,22.3,22.3,22.5,22.5,22.7,22.8,22.6,22.7,22.2,22.1,22.3,22.5,22.7,22.6,22.6,22.7,22.5,22.7,22.2,21.9,21.6,21.1,21.0,20.7,20.3,20.0,19.7,19.4,19.0,18.7,18.4,18.3,18.2,17.7,17.2,16.7,16.1,15.5,15.1,14.7,14.5,14.1,13.7,13.3,13.0,12.3,12.1,11.9,11.3,11.0,10.3,9.2,7.0 |
|||
| y1Title=Natural change (per 1000) |
|||
}} |
|||
{{GraphChart |
|||
| width = 450 |
|||
| height = 150 |
|||
| xAxisTitle=years |
|||
| yAxisTitle= ‰ |
|||
| yAxisMin= |
|||
| yGrid= 0,1 |
|||
| xGrid= 10 |
|||
| hAnnotatonsLine= |
|||
| hAnnotatonsLabel= |
|||
| legend= |
|||
| type = line |
|||
| x = 1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021,2022 |
|||
| y1= 181.2,180.1,177.5,175.3,172.2,169.7,167.3,165.0,162.7,160.3,158.2,156.4,154.5,152.7,151.1,156.4,154.7,153.1,145.0,143.3,141.7,139.9,138.5,136.3, |
|||
133.3,130.7,127.9,124.9,121.7,118.4,115.2,112.1,109.3,106.7,104.2,101.8,99.4,97.0,94.6,92.2,89.8,87.6,85.5,83.5,81.4,79.3,77.1,74.8,72.5,70.2,67.8,65.4,63.1, |
|||
60.8,58.6,56.3,54.1,51.9,49.6,47.4,45.2,43.0,40.8,38.7,36.7,34.7,32.8,31.1,29.4,27.9,26.6,25.5 |
|||
| y1Title=Infant Mortality (per 1000 live births) |
|||
}} |
|||
{{GraphChart |
|||
| width = 450 |
|||
| height = 150 |
|||
| xAxisTitle=years |
|||
| yAxisTitle= TFR |
|||
| yAxisMin= |
|||
| yGrid= 0,1 |
|||
| xGrid= 10 |
|||
| hAnnotatonsLine=2.1 |
|||
| hAnnotatonsLabel= |
|||
| legend= |
|||
| type = line |
|||
| x = 1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021 |
|||
| y1= 5.73,5.77,5.82,5.87,5.91,5.91,5.91,5.91,5.90,5.89,5.92,5.94,5.95,5.97,5.98,5.94,5.88,5.83,5.76,5.68,5.62,5.57,5.48,5.40,5.33,5.20,5.13,5.01, |
|||
4.89,4.81,4.78,4.70,4.62,4.57,4.52,4.43,4.40,4.31,4.22,4.13,4.05,3.96,3.88,3.80,3.72,3.65,3.58,3.51,3.45,3.38,3.35,3.30,3.22,3.12,3.05,2.96, |
|||
2.86,2.78,2.72,2.67,2.60,2.54,2.47,2.41,2.31,2.29,2.27,2.20,2.18,2.11,2.05,2.03 |
|||
| y1Title=Total Fertility Rate |
|||
}} |
|||
=== Census of India: sample registration system === |
|||
[[File:India TFR regions 2011.png|thumb|390px|Total fertility rate map: average births per woman by districts, 2011]] |
[[File:India TFR regions 2011.png|thumb|390px|Total fertility rate map: average births per woman by districts, 2011]] |
||
{| class="wikitable |
{| class="wikitable sortable" |
||
|+ Census of India: sample registration system<ref>{{cite web|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/census.website/data/SRSB|title=Census of India: Sample Registration System (SRS) Bulletins|last=ORGI|website=censusindia.gov.in}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2.htm#2001|title=United Nations Statistics Division – Demographic and Social Statistics}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-Common/Annual_Report.html|title=Census of India Website: Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India|website=censusindia.gov.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bhavan |first=Nirman |year=2015 |title=National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4) 2015–16 |url=http://rchiips.org/NFHS/pdf/NFHS4/India.pdf |access-date=13 June 2022 |website=[[Ministry of Health and Family Welfare]] |publisher=[[Government of India]] |pages=2–5 }}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! scope="col" style="text-align: left;" | Year |
|||
! |
|||
! style="width:70pt;"|Average population< |
! scope="col" style="text-align: right; width: 70pt;" data-sort-type="number" | Average population<br /> |
||
! style="width:70pt;"|Live births<sup>1</sup> |
! scope="col" style="text-align: right; width: 70pt;" data-sort-type="number" | Live births<sup>1</sup> |
||
! style="width:70pt;"|Deaths<sup>1</sup> |
! scope="col" style="text-align: right; width: 70pt;" data-sort-type="number" | Deaths<sup>1</sup> |
||
! style="width:70pt;"|Natural change |
! scope="col" style="text-align: right; width: 70pt;" data-sort-type="number" | Natural change |
||
! style="width:70pt;"|Crude birth rate< |
! scope="col" style="text-align: right; width: 70pt;" data-sort-type="number" | Crude birth rate<br />(per 1000) |
||
! style="width:70pt;"|Crude death rate< |
! scope="col" style="text-align: right; width: 70pt;" data-sort-type="number" | Crude death rate<br />(per 1000) |
||
! style="width:70pt;"|Natural change< |
! scope="col" style="text-align: right; width: 70pt;" data-sort-type="number" | Natural change<br />(per 1000) |
||
! style="width:70pt;"|Total |
! scope="col" style="text-align: right; width: 70pt;" data-sort-type="number" | Total fertility rate |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1981 |
| 1981 |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 716,493,000 |
|||
|716 493 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:24289000}} |
|||
|24 289 000||8 956 000||15 333 000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8956000}} |
|||
|33.9||12.5||21.4|| |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:15333000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 33.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 4.52 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1982 |
| 1982 |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 733,152,000 |
|||
|733 152 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:24781000}} |
|||
|24 781 000||8 725 000||16 056 000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8725000}} |
|||
|33.8||11.9||21.9|| |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:16056000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 33.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 11.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 4.5 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1983 |
| 1983 |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 750,034,000 |
|||
|750 034 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:25276000}} |
|||
|25 276 000||8 925 000||16 351 000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8925000}} |
|||
|33.7||11.9||21.8|| |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:16351000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 33.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 11.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 4.5 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1984 |
| 1984 |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 767,147,000 |
|||
|767 147 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26006000}} |
|||
|26 006 000||9 666 000||16 340 000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; | {{formatnum:9666000}} |
|||
|33.9||12.6||21.3|| |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:16340000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 33.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 4.5 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1985 |
| 1985 |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 784,491,000 |
|||
|784 491 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:25810000}} |
|||
|25 810 000||9 257 000||16 553 000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:9257000}} |
|||
|32.9||11.8||21.1|| |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:16553000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 32.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 11.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 4.3 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1986 |
| 1986 |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 802,052,000 |
|||
|802 052 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26147000}} |
|||
|26 147 000||8 903 000||17 244 000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8903000}} |
|||
|32.6||11.1||21.5|| |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17244000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 32.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 11.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 4.15 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1987 |
| 1987 |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 819,800,000 |
|||
|819 800 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26316000}} |
|||
|26 316 000||8 936 000||17 380 000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8936000}} |
|||
|32.1||10.9||21.2|| |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17380000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 32.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 10.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 4.1 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1988 |
| 1988 |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 837,700,000 |
|||
|837 700 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26388000}} |
|||
|26 388 000||9 215 000||17 173 000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:9215000}} |
|||
|31.5||11.0||20.5|| |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17173000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 31.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 11.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 4.0 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1989 |
| 1989 |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 855,707,000 |
|||
|855 707 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26185000}} |
|||
|26 185 000||8 814 000||17 371 000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8814000}} |
|||
|30.6||10.3||20.3|| |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17371000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 30.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 10.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 3.9 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1990 |
| 1990 |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 873,785,000 |
|||
|873 785 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26388000}} |
|||
|26 388 000||8 476 000||17 912 000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8476000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17912000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 30.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 3.8 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1991 |
| 1991 |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 891,910,000 |
|||
|891 910 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26133000}} |
|||
|26 133 000||8 741 000||17 392 000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8741000}} |
|||
|29.3||9.8||19.5|| |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17392000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 29.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 19.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 3.64 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1992 |
| 1992 |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 910,065,000 |
|||
|910 065 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26392000}} |
|||
|26 392 000||9 192 000||17 200 000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:9192000}} |
|||
|29.0||10.1||18.9|| |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17200000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 29.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 10.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 18.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 3.6 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1993 |
| 1993 |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 928,226,000 |
|||
|928 226 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26640000}} |
|||
|26 640 000||8 633 000||18 007 000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8633000}} |
|||
|28.7||9.3||19.4|| |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:18007000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 19.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 3.5 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1994 |
| 1994 |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 946,373,000 |
|||
|946 373 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:27161000}} |
|||
|27 161 000||8 801 000||18 360 000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8801000}} |
|||
|28.7||9.3||19.4|| |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:18360000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 28.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 19.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 3.5 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1995 |
| 1995 |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 964,486,000 |
|||
|964 486 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:27295000}} |
|||
|27 295 000||8 680 000||18 615 000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8680000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:18615000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 28.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 19.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 3.5 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1996 |
| 1996 |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 982,553,000 |
|||
|982 553 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26824000}} |
|||
|26 824 000||8 745 000||18 079 000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8745000}} |
|||
|27.3||8.9||18.4|| |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:18079000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 27.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 18.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 3.40 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1997 |
| 1997 |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,000,558,000 |
|||
|1 000 558 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:27215000}} |
|||
|27 215 000||8 905 000||18 310 000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8905000}} |
|||
|27.2||8.9||18.3|| |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:18310000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 27.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 18.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 3.3 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1998 |
| 1998 |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,018,471,000 |
|||
|1 018 471 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26989000}} |
|||
|26 989 000||9 166 000||17 823 000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:9166000}} |
|||
|26.5||9.0||17.5|| |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17823000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 26.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 3.2 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1999 |
| 1999 |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,036,259,000 |
|||
|1 036 259 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26943000}} |
|||
|26 943 000||9 015 000||17 928 000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:9015000}} |
|||
|26.0||8.7||17.3|| |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17928000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 26.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 3.2 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 2000 |
| 2000 |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,053,898,000 |
|||
|1 053 898 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:27191000}} |
|||
|27 191 000||8 958 000||18 233 000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8958000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:18233000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 25.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 3.2 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 2001 |
| 2001 |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,071,374,000 |
|||
|1 071 374 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:27213000}} |
|||
|27 213 000||9 000 000||18 213 000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:9000000}} |
|||
|25.4||8.4||17.0|| |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:18213000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 25.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 3.10 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 2002 |
| 2002 |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,088,694,000 |
|||
|1 088 694 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:27217000}} |
|||
|27 217 000||8 818 000||18 399 000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8818000}} |
|||
|25.0||8.1||16.9|| |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:18399000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 25.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 3.0 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 2003 |
| 2003 |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,105,886,000 |
|||
|1 105 886 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue" | {{formatnum:27426000}} |
|||
|27 426 000||8 847 000||18 579 000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8847000}} |
|||
|24.8||8.0||16.8|| |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:18579000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 24.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 3.0 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 2004 |
| 2004 |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,122,991,000 |
|||
|1 122 991 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:27064000}} |
|||
|27 064 000||8 422 000||18 642 000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8422000}} |
|||
|24.1||7.5||16.6|| |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:18642000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 24.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 2.9 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 2005 |
| 2005 |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,140,043,000 |
|||
|1 140 043 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:27133000}} |
|||
|27 133 000||8 664 000||18 469 000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8664000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:18469000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 23.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 2.9 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 2006 |
| 2006 |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,157,039,000 |
|||
|1 157 039 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:27190000}} |
|||
|27 190 000||8 678 000||18 512 000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8678000}} |
|||
|23.5||7.5||16.0|| |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:18512000}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 23.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 2.79 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 2007 |
| 2007 |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,134,024,000 |
|||
|1 173 972 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26195954}} |
|||
|27 119 000||8 687 000||18 432 000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8391778}} |
|||
|23.1||7.4||15.7|| |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17804176}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 23.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 2.7 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 2008 |
| 2008 |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,150,196,000 |
|||
|1 190 864 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26224469}} |
|||
|27 152 000||8 812 000||18 340 000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8511450}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17713019}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 22.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 2.6 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 2009 |
| 2009 |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,166,228,000 |
|||
|1 207 740 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26240130}} |
|||
|27 174 000||8 817 000||18 357 000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8513464}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17726666}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 22.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 2.6 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 2010 |
| 2010 |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,182,108,000 |
|||
|1 224 614 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26124587}} |
|||
|27 064 000||8 817 000||18 247 000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8511178}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17613409}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 22.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 2.5 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 2011 |
| 2011 |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,197,658,000 |
|||
|1 242 738 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26108944}} |
|||
|27 092 000||8 823 000||18 268 000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8503372}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17605572}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 2.44 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 2012 |
| 2012 |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,212,827,000 |
|||
|1 261 006 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26197063}} |
|||
|27 237 000||8 827 000||18 410 000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8489789}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17707274}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 2.38 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 2013 |
| 2013 |
||
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,227,012,000 |
|||
|1 279 416 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26258057}} |
|||
|27 379 500||8 956 000||18 423 600 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8589084}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17668973}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 2.34 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 2014 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,243,542,000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:25904377}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8264730}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17639647}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 2.32 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 2015 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,259,108,000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26189446}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8184202}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:18005244}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 2.27 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 2016 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" |1,273,986,000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" |25,989,314 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" |8,153,510 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" |17,835,804 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 2.26 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 2017<ref name="indiatoday.in">{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/diu/story/declining-fertility-rate-may-shrink-india-population-300-million-80-years-1703598-2020-07-23|title = Declining fertility rate may shrink India's population by 300 million in 80 years| date=23 July 2020 }}</ref> |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" |1,288,522,000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" |26,028,144 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" |8,117,689 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" |17,910,455 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 13.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 2.18 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 2018 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" |1,324,609,000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" |26,492,180 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" |8,212,576 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" |18,279,604 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 13.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 2.15 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 2019 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" |1,338,995,000 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" |24,820,886 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" |7,641,076 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" |17,179,810 |
|||
| style="text-align: right; | 18.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 2.08<ref>{{cite web| url = https://censusindia.gov.in/2011-Common/CRS_2019/CRS2019_report.pdf| title = Statement 1: Civil Registration System: At A Glance, VITAL STATISTICS OF INDIA BASED ON THE CIVIL REGISTRATION SYSTEM 2019}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
|2020 |
|||
|style="text-align: right;" |1,353,378,000 |
|||
|style="text-align: right; color:red;" |24,222,444 |
|||
|style="text-align: right;" |8,115,882 |
|||
|style="text-align: right;" |16,106,562 |
|||
|style="text-align: right;" | 17.9 |
|||
|style="text-align: right;" | 6.0 |
|||
|style="text-align: right;" | 11.9 |
|||
|style="text-align: right;" | 2.03 |
|||
|- |
|||
| colspan="9"| <sup>1</sup> <small>The numbers of births and deaths were calculated from the birth and death rates and the average population.</small> |
|||
|} |
|} |
||
<sup>1</sup> The numbers of births and deaths were calculated from the birth and death rates and the average population. |
|||
=== Life expectancy === |
|||
Sources: United Nations Statistics Division website > Demographic Yearbooks,<ref>[http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2.htm#2001 United Nations Statistics Division website > Demographic Yearbooks]</ref> Census of India website > Vital Statistics > Sample Registration System.<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Vital_Statistics/SRS_Bulletins/Bulletins.aspx Census of India, Vital Statistics, Sample Registration System]</ref> |
|||
{{See also|List of Indian states by life expectancy at birth}} |
|||
[[File:12889 2024 18278 Fig4 HTML.webp|thumb|297x297px|Life Expectancy at birth in India by district based on the analysis of NFHS-5 data (2019–2021)]]<ref>{{cite document|title=Life expectancy at birth, total – India |publisher=BMC Public Health |date=2024 |doi=10.1186/s12889-024-18278-3|doi-access=free }}</ref> |
|||
[[File:Life expectancy by WBG -India -diff.png|thumb|280px|Life expectancy at birth in India since 1960 with calculated sex gap<ref name="wbg_total">{{cite web|title=Life expectancy at birth, total – India|url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.DYN.LE00.IN?locations=IN|publisher=[[World Bank Group]]}}</ref>]] |
|||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |
|||
=== Structure of the population <ref>http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2.htm</ref> === |
|||
!Period |
|||
!Life expectancy at birth |
|||
!Life expectancy at age 15 |
|||
!Life expectancy at age 65 |
|||
!Life expectancy at age 80 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1950–1955 |
|||
|41.7 |
|||
|45.0 |
|||
|10.9 |
|||
|4.8 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1955–1960 |
|||
|43.4 |
|||
|45.6 |
|||
|11.1 |
|||
|4.8 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1960–1965 |
|||
|45.2 |
|||
|46.4 |
|||
|11.2 |
|||
|4.9 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1965–1970 |
|||
|45.0 |
|||
|46.1 |
|||
|11.2 |
|||
|4.9 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1970–1975 |
|||
|48.2 |
|||
|48.0 |
|||
|11.2 |
|||
|5.1 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1975–1980 |
|||
|50.8 |
|||
|49.8 |
|||
|12.3 |
|||
|6.0 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1980–1985 |
|||
|53.6 |
|||
|51.0 |
|||
|12.2 |
|||
|5.8 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1985–1990 |
|||
|56.3 |
|||
|52.4 |
|||
|12.3 |
|||
|5.8 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1990–1995 |
|||
|58.7 |
|||
|53.3 |
|||
|12.6 |
|||
|5.9 |
|||
|- |
|||
|1995–2000 |
|||
|60.6 |
|||
|54.1 |
|||
|13.0 |
|||
|6.2 |
|||
|- |
|||
|2000–2005 |
|||
|62.7 |
|||
|54.9 |
|||
|13.6 |
|||
|6.6 |
|||
|- |
|||
|2005–2010 |
|||
|65.0 |
|||
|56.0 |
|||
|13.9 |
|||
|6.4 |
|||
|- |
|||
|2010–2015 |
|||
|66.9 |
|||
|56.6 |
|||
|14.1 |
|||
|6.4 |
|||
|- |
|||
|2015-2020 |
|||
|69.6 |
|||
|58.2 |
|||
|15.3 |
|||
|7.5 |
|||
|- |
|||
|2020-2025 |
|||
|70.1 |
|||
|57.8 |
|||
|14.7 |
|||
|7.1 |
|||
|} |
|||
Source 1: ''UN World Population Prospects''<ref>{{cite web|title=World Population Prospects – Population Division – United Nations|url=https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/DataQuery/|access-date=15 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160919061238/https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/DataQuery/|archive-date=19 September 2016}}</ref> |
|||
Source 2: ''Our World in Data''<ref>{{cite web|title=Remaining life expectancy at different ages |url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/remaining-life-expectancy-at-different-ages?time=1751..2021&showSelectionOnlyInTable=1&country=~ESP |website=ourworldindata.org |access-date=2024-06-01}}</ref> |
|||
=== Structure of the population === |
|||
Structure of the population (Census 9.II.2011) |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable" |
|||
|+ Population by age group |
|||
|- |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: left;" | Age group |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Male |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Female |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Total |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Percentage (%) |
|||
!Cumulative Percentage |
|||
|- |
|||
| 0–4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:58632074}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:54174704}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:112806778}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.32 |
|||
|9.32 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 5–9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:66300466}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:60627660}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:126928126}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 10.48 |
|||
|19.8 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 10–14 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:69418835}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:63290377}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:132709212}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 10.96 |
|||
|30.76 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 15–19 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:63982396}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:56544053}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:120526449}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.95 |
|||
|40.71 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 20–24 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:57584693}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:53839529}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:111424222}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.20 |
|||
|49.91 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 25–29 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:51344208}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:50069757}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:101413965}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.38 |
|||
|58.29 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 30–34 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:44660674}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:43934277}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:88594951}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.32 |
|||
|65.61 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 35–39 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:42919381}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:42221303}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:85140684}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.03 |
|||
|72.64 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 40–44 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:37545386}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:34892726}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:72438112}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.98 |
|||
|78.62 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 45–49 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:32138114}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:30180213}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:62318327}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.15 |
|||
|83.77 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 50–54 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:25843266}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:23225988}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:49069254}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.05 |
|||
|87.82 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 55–59 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:19456012}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:19690043}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:39146055}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 3.23 |
|||
|91.05 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 60–64 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:18701749}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:18961958}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:37663707}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 3.11 |
|||
|94.16 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 65–69 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:12944326}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:13510657}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26454983}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 2.18 |
|||
|96.34 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 70–74 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:9651499}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:9557343}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:19208842}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 1.59 |
|||
|97.93 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 75–79 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:4490603}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:4741900}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:9232503}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.76 |
|||
|98.69 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 80–84 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:2927040}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:3293189}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:6220229}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.51 |
|||
|99.2 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 85–89 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1120106}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1263061}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:2383167}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.20 |
|||
|99.4 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 90–94 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:652465}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:794069}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1446534}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.12 |
|||
|99.52 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 95–99 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:294759}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:338538}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:633297}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.05 |
|||
|99.57 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 100+ |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:289325}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:316453}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:605778}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.05 |
|||
|99.62 |
|||
|- |
|||
| Unknown |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:2372881}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:2116921}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:4489802}} |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.37 |
|||
|99.99 |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="text-align: left;" | Total |
|||
! style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:623270258}} |
|||
! style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:587584719}} |
|||
! style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:1210854977}} |
|||
! style="text-align: right;" | 100.00 |
|||
|- |
|||
! width="50"|Age group |
|||
! width="80pt"|Male |
|||
! width="80"|Female |
|||
! width="80"|Total |
|||
! width="50"|Percent |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="right" | 0–14 |
|||
| align="right" | 194,351,375 |
|||
| align="right" | 178,092,741 |
|||
| align="right" | 372,444,116 |
|||
| align="right" | 30.76 |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="right" | 15–64 |
|||
| align="right" | 394,175,879 |
|||
| align="right" | 373,559,847 |
|||
| align="right" | 767,735,726 |
|||
| align="right" | 63.40 |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="right" | 65+ |
|||
| align="right" | 32,370,123 |
|||
| align="right" | 33,815,210 |
|||
| align="right" | 66,185,333 |
|||
| align="right" | 5.47 |
|||
|- |
|||
|} |
|||
Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (03.III.2016) (Data are projections based on the 2011 Population Census.):<ref>{{cite web |url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic-social/products/dyb/dyb_2020/ |title=Demographic Yearbook – 2020 |publisher=[[United Nations Statistics Division]] |place=New York |access-date=18 May 2022}}</ref> |
|||
Structure of the population (01.05.2010) (Census) (Includes data for the Indian-held part of Jammu and Kashmir, the final status of which has not yet been determined) : |
|||
{| class="wikitable" |
{| class="wikitable" |
||
|- |
|- |
||
Line 1,064: | Line 4,205: | ||
! width="80pt"|Male |
! width="80pt"|Male |
||
! width="80pt"|Female |
! width="80pt"|Female |
||
! width=" |
! width="80pt"|Total |
||
! width="80pt"|% |
! width="80pt"|% |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| align="right" | Total |
| align="right" | Total |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 664,184,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 626,890,000 |
||
| align="right" | 1 |
| align="right" | 1,291,074,000 |
||
| align="right" | 100 |
| align="right" | 100 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 0–4 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 62,872,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 56,038,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 118,910,000 |
||
| align="right" | 9 |
| align="right" | 9.21 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 5–9 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 61,499,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 56,969,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 118,468,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 9.18 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 10–14 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 65,142,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 59,682,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 124,824,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 9.67 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 15–19 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 67,223,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 60,871,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 128,094,000 |
||
| align="right" | 9 |
| align="right" | 9.92 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 20–24 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 63,521,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 57,356,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 120,877,000 |
||
| align="right" | 9 |
| align="right" | 9.36 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 25–29 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 57,272,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 53,357,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 110,629,000 |
||
| align="right" | 8 |
| align="right" | 8.57 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 30–34 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 50,782,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 49,250,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 100,032,000 |
||
| align="right" | 7 |
| align="right" | 7.75 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 35–39 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 45,318,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 44,787,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 90,105,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 6.98 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 40–44 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 41,280,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 40,497,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 81,777,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 6.33 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 45–49 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 36,602,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 35,107,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 71,709,000 |
||
| align="right" | 5 |
| align="right" | 5.55 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 50–54 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 30,738,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 29,016,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 59,754,000 |
||
| align="right" | 4 |
| align="right" | 4.63 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 55–59 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 24,403,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 23,307,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 47,710,000 |
||
| align="right" | 3 |
| align="right" | 3.70 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 60–64 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 19,133,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 19,288,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 38,421,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 2.98 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 65–69 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 15,198,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 16,114,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 31,312,000 |
||
| align="right" | 2 |
| align="right" | 2.43 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 70–74 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 11,002,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 11,723,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 22,725,000 |
||
| align="right" | 1 |
| align="right" | 1.76 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 75–79 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 7,703,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 8,367,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 16,070,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 1.24 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| align="right" | 80 |
| align="right" | 80+ |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 4,496,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 5,161,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 9,657,000 |
||
| align="right" | 0 |
| align="right" | 0.75 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! width="50"|Age group |
|||
| align="right" | 85-89 |
|||
! width="80pt"|Male |
|||
| align="right" | 1 120 106 |
|||
! width="80"|Female |
|||
| align="right" | 1 263 061 |
|||
! width="80"|Total |
|||
| align="right" | 2 383 167 |
|||
! width="50"|Percent |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 0–14 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 189,513,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 172,689,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 362,202,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 28.05 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 15–64 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 436,272,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 412,836,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 849,108,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 65.77 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 65+ |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 38,399,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 41,365,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 79,764,000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 6.18 |
||
|- |
|||
| align="right" | unknown |
|||
| align="right" | 2 372 881 |
|||
| align="right" | 2 116 921 |
|||
| align="right" | 4 489 802 |
|||
| align="right" | 0,37 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|} |
|} |
||
Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.III.2021) (Includes data for the Indian-held part of Jammu and Kashmir, the final status of which has not yet been determined. Data are projections based on the 2011 Population Census.):<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic-social/products/dyb/dyb_2020/|title=UNSD – Demographic and Social Statistics|publisher=United Nations}}</ref> |
|||
{| class="wikitable" |
{| class="wikitable" |
||
|- |
|||
! width="80pt"|Age Group |
|||
! width="80pt"|Male |
|||
! width="80pt"|Female |
|||
! width="80pt"|Total |
|||
! width="80pt"|% |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="right" | Total |
|||
| align="right" | 700 623 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 662 383 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 1 363 006 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 100 |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="right" | 0–4 |
|||
| align="right" | 60 153 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 54 120 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 114 273 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 8.38 |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="right" | 5–9 |
|||
| align="right" | 62 276 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 55 390 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 117 666 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 8.63 |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="right" | 10–14 |
|||
| align="right" | 61 266 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 56 785 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 118 051 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 8.66 |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="right" | 15–19 |
|||
| align="right" | 64 862 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 59 420 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 124 282 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 9.12 |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="right" | 20–24 |
|||
| align="right" | 66 770 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 60 474 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 127 244 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 9.34 |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="right" | 25–29 |
|||
| align="right" | 62 944 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 56 956 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 119 900 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 8.80 |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="right" | 30–34 |
|||
| align="right" | 56 614 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 52 961 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 109 575 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 8.04 |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="right" | 35–39 |
|||
| align="right" | 50 027 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 48 836 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 98 863 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 7.25 |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="right" | 40–44 |
|||
| align="right" | 44 450 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 44 315 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 88 765 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 6.51 |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="right" | 45–49 |
|||
| align="right" | 40 204 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 39 903 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 80 107 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 5.88 |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="right" | 50–54 |
|||
| align="right" | 35 235 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 34 331 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 69 566 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 5.10 |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="right" | 55–59 |
|||
| align="right" | 29 082 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 28 062 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 57 144 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 4.19 |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="right" | 60–64 |
|||
| align="right" | 22 465 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 22 079 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 44 544 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 3.27 |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="right" | 65–69 |
|||
| align="right" | 16 823 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 17 583 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 34 406 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 2.52 |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="right" | 70–74 |
|||
| align="right" | 12 546 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 13 904 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 26 450 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 1.94 |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="right" | 75–79 |
|||
| align="right" | 8 269 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 9 294 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 17 563 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 1.29 |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="right" | 80+ |
|||
| align="right" | 6 637 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 7 970 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 14 607 000 |
|||
| align="right" | 1.07 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! width="50"|Age group |
! width="50"|Age group |
||
Line 1,214: | Line 4,465: | ||
! width="50"|Percent |
! width="50"|Percent |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 0–14 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 183 695 000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 166 295 000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 349 990 000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 25.68 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 15–64 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 472 653 000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 447 337 000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 919 990 000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 67.50 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| align="right" | 65+ |
| align="right" | 65+ |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 44 275 000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 48 751 000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 93 026 000 |
||
| align="right" | |
| align="right" | 6.83 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|} |
|} |
||
===Fertility rate=== |
=== Fertility rate === |
||
From the Demographic Health Survey:<ref> |
From the Demographic Health Survey:<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dhsprogram.com/methodology/Survey-Search.cfm|title=The DHS Program – Survey Search|website=dhsprogram.com}}</ref> |
||
[[File:TFR of India to 2016.svg|thumb|280px|TFR of India to 2016]] |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: right;" |
|||
Crude Birth Rate (CBR) and Total Fertility Rate (TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate): |
|||
|+ Crude birth rate and total fertility rate (wanted fertility rate) |
|||
{| class="wikitable" |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! |
! rowspan=2| Year |
||
! |
! colspan=2| Total |
||
! colspan=2| Urban |
|||
! style="width:50pt;"| TFR (Total) |
|||
! colspan=2| Rural |
|||
! style="width:50pt;"| CBR (Urban) |
|||
! style="width:50pt;"| TFR (Urban) |
|||
! style="width:50pt;"| CBR (Rural) |
|||
! style="width:50pt;"| TFR (Rural) |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! CBR !! TFR<sup>1</sup> |
|||
| 1992-1993 |
|||
! CBR !! TFR<sup>1</sup> |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 28,7 |
|||
! CBR !! TFR<sup>1</sup> |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 3,39 (2,64) |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 24,1 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 2,70 (2,09) |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 30,4 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 3,67 (2,86) |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: left;" | 1992–1993 |
|||
| 1998-1999 |
|||
| 28.7 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 24,8 |
|||
| 3.39 (2.64) |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 2,85 (2,13) |
|||
| 24.1 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 20,9 |
|||
| 2.70 (2.09) |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 2,27 (1,73) |
|||
| 30.4 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 26,2 |
|||
| 3.67 (2.86) |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 3,07 (2,28) |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: left;" | 1998–1999 |
|||
| 2003-2005 |
|||
| 24.8 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 23,1 |
|||
| 2.85 (2.13) |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 2,68 (1,9) |
|||
| 20.9 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 18,8 |
|||
| 2.27 (1.73) |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 2,06 (1,6) |
|||
| 26.2 |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 25,0 |
|||
| 3.07 (2.28) |
|||
| style="text-align:right;"| 2,98 (2,1) |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align: left;" | 2005–2006 |
|||
| 23.1 |
|||
| 2.68 (1.90) |
|||
| 18.8 |
|||
| 2.06 (1.60) |
|||
| 25.0 |
|||
| 2.98 (2.10) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align: left;" | 2015–2016 |
|||
| 19.0 |
|||
| 2.18 (1.8) |
|||
| 15.8 |
|||
| 1.75 (1.5) |
|||
| 20.7 |
|||
| 2.41 (1.9) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align: left;" | 2019–2021 |
|||
| 17.1 |
|||
| 1.99 (1.6) |
|||
| 14.0 |
|||
| 1.63 (1.4) |
|||
| 18.6 |
|||
| 2.14 (1.7) |
|||
|- |
|||
| colspan="7"| <small>CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman). <sup>1</sup>Number in parentheses represents the wanted fertility rate.</small> |
|||
|} |
|} |
||
{| class="wikitable sortable" |
|||
TFR = total/wanted fertility rate, CBR = crude birth rate. |
|||
|+ Total fertility rate (wanted fertility rate) by religion |
|||
|- |
|||
! Year |
|||
! Hindu |
|||
! Muslim |
|||
! Christian |
|||
! Sikh |
|||
! Buddhist/<br>Neo-Buddhist |
|||
! Jain |
|||
! Other |
|||
|- |
|||
| 2019–2021 |
|||
| 1.94 (1.6) |
|||
| 2.36 (1.8) |
|||
| 1.88 (1.7) |
|||
| 1.61 (1.4) |
|||
| 1.39 (1.2) |
|||
| 1.60 (1.5) |
|||
| 2.15 (1.7) |
|||
|- |
|||
| colspan="7"| <small>CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman). <sup>1</sup>Number in parentheses represents the wanted fertility rate.</small> |
|||
|} |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right;" |
|||
===Regional vital statistics=== |
|||
|+ Crude birth rate and total fertility rate (wanted fertility rate) 2015–2016 |
|||
The below table gives the vital statistics (Births, Deaths, IMR and NGR) for the year 2010, according to the Registrar Gen., India.<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/vital_statistics/SRS_Bulletins/SRS%20Bulletin_%20December%202011%20.pdf ] {{wayback|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/vital_statistics/SRS_Bulletins/SRS%20Bulletin_%20December%202011%20.pdf |date=20120131102919 }}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
! rowspan=2| State (Population 2011) |
|||
! colspan=2| Total |
|||
! colspan=2| Urban |
|||
! colspan=2| Rural |
|||
|- |
|||
! CBR !! TFR<sup>1</sup> |
|||
! CBR !! TFR<sup>1</sup> |
|||
! CBR !! TFR<sup>1</sup> |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Uttar Pradesh]] (199 812 341) |
|||
| 22.6 |
|||
| 2.74 (2.06) |
|||
| 18.6 |
|||
| 2.08 (1.62) |
|||
| 24.0 |
|||
| 2.99 (2.22) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Maharashtra]] (112 374 333) |
|||
| 16.6 |
|||
| 1.87 (1.57) |
|||
| 15.5 |
|||
| 1.68 (1.41) |
|||
| 17.5 |
|||
| 2.06 (1.73) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Bihar]] (104 099 452) |
|||
| 27.1 |
|||
| 3.41 (2.48) |
|||
| 20.4 |
|||
| 2.42 (1.83) |
|||
| 28.0 |
|||
| 3.56 (2.58) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align: left;" | [[West Bengal]] (91 276 115) |
|||
| 16.6 |
|||
| 1.77 (1.53) |
|||
| 14.0 |
|||
| 1.57 (1.38) |
|||
| 18.0 |
|||
| 1.85 (1.58) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Madhya Pradesh]] (72 626 809) |
|||
| 20.2 |
|||
| 2.32 (1.82) |
|||
| 17.7 |
|||
| 1.95 (1.61) |
|||
| 21.3 |
|||
| 2.48 (1.91) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Tamil Nadu]] (72 147 030) |
|||
| 15.5 |
|||
| 1.70 (1.51) |
|||
| 13.9 |
|||
| 1.54 (1.38) |
|||
| 17.2 |
|||
| 1.86 (1.63) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Rajasthan]] (68 548 437) |
|||
| 20.8 |
|||
| 2.40 (1.81) |
|||
| 17.5 |
|||
| 1.94 (1.52) |
|||
| 22.0 |
|||
| 2.56 (1.91) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Karnataka]] (61 095 297) |
|||
| 15.9 |
|||
| 1.81 (1.42) |
|||
| 15.2 |
|||
| 1.65 (1.30) |
|||
| 16.5 |
|||
| 1.92 (1.50) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Gujarat]] (60 439 692) |
|||
| 16.7 |
|||
| 2.03 (1.54) |
|||
| 15.3 |
|||
| 1.82 (1.39) |
|||
| 17.9 |
|||
| 2.19 (1.64) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Andhra Pradesh]] (49 386 799) |
|||
| 16.1 |
|||
| 1.83 (1.64) |
|||
| 13.9 |
|||
| 1.53 (1.39) |
|||
| 17.0 |
|||
| 1.96 (1.75) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Odisha]] (41 974 218) |
|||
| 18.1 |
|||
| 2.05 (1.69) |
|||
| 15.6 |
|||
| 1.73 (1.50) |
|||
| 18.7 |
|||
| 2.12 (1.72) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Telangana]] (35 193 978) |
|||
| 17.1 |
|||
| 1.79 (1.59) |
|||
| 17.1 |
|||
| 1.67 (1.53) |
|||
| 17.2 |
|||
| 1.88 (1.64) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Kerala]] (33 406 061) |
|||
| 11.2 |
|||
| 1.56 (1.47) |
|||
| 11.4 |
|||
| 1.57 (1.47) |
|||
| 11.0 |
|||
| 1.55 (1.46) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Jharkhand]] (32 988 134) |
|||
| 21.7 |
|||
| 2.55 (2.06) |
|||
| 16.3 |
|||
| 1.78 (1.47) |
|||
| 23.5 |
|||
| 2.83 (2.27) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Assam]] (31 205 576) |
|||
| 19.5 |
|||
| 2.21 (1.78) |
|||
| 13.2 |
|||
| 1.45 (1.25) |
|||
| 20.5 |
|||
| 2.34 (1.87) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Punjab, India|Punjab]] (27 743 338) |
|||
| 13.8 |
|||
| 1.62 (1.37) |
|||
| 13.5 |
|||
| 1.59 (1.32) |
|||
| 14.0 |
|||
| 1.63 (1.39) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Chhattisgarh]] (25 545 198) |
|||
| 20.7 |
|||
| 2.23 (1.88) |
|||
| 17.9 |
|||
| 1.78 (1.58) |
|||
| 21.5 |
|||
| 2.37 (1.97) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Haryana]] (25 351 462) |
|||
| 18.7 |
|||
| 2.05 (1.63) |
|||
| 16.3 |
|||
| 1.78 (1.44) |
|||
| 20.2 |
|||
| 2.22 (1.75) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]] (12 541 302) |
|||
| 17.7 |
|||
| 2.01 (1.67) |
|||
| 13.9 |
|||
| 1.58 (1.39) |
|||
| 19.4 |
|||
| 2.18 (1.77) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Uttarakhand]] (10 086 292) |
|||
| 19.0 |
|||
| 2.07 (1.60) |
|||
| 17.1 |
|||
| 1.80 (1.43) |
|||
| 20.0 |
|||
| 2.24 (1.71) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Himachal Pradesh]] (6 864 602) |
|||
| 15.3 |
|||
| 1.88 (1.55) |
|||
| 12.0 |
|||
| 1.43 (1.15) |
|||
| 15.7 |
|||
| 1.92 (1.59) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Tripura]] (3 673 917) |
|||
| 15.3 |
|||
| 1.69 (1.55) |
|||
| 12.7 |
|||
| 1.40 (1.34) |
|||
| 16.4 |
|||
| 1.80 (1.62) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Meghalaya]] (2 966 889) |
|||
| 24.6 |
|||
| 3.04 (2.79) |
|||
| 16.1 |
|||
| 1.67 (1.57) |
|||
| 26.7 |
|||
| 3.47 (3.18) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Manipur]] (2 855 794) |
|||
| 21.2 |
|||
| 2.61 (2.33) |
|||
| 17.5 |
|||
| 2.14 (1.96) |
|||
| 23.7 |
|||
| 2.92 (2.57) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Nagaland]] (1 978 502) |
|||
| 21.4 |
|||
| 2.74 (2.35) |
|||
| 16.3 |
|||
| 1.78 (1.58) |
|||
| 24.1 |
|||
| 3.38 (2.86) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Goa]] (1 458 545) |
|||
| 12.8 |
|||
| 1.66 (1.37) |
|||
| 13.4 |
|||
| 1.72 (1.37) |
|||
| 11.7 |
|||
| 1.55 (1.37) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Arunachal Pradesh]] (1 383 727) |
|||
| 17.9 |
|||
| 2.12 (1.64) |
|||
| 17.0 |
|||
| 1.69 (1.26) |
|||
| 18.2 |
|||
| 2.29 (1.79) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Mizoram]] (1 097 206) |
|||
| 18.7 |
|||
| 2.26 (2.15) |
|||
| 16.9 |
|||
| 1.97 (1.89) |
|||
| 21.2 |
|||
| 2.71 (2.54) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Sikkim]] (610 577) |
|||
| 11.4 |
|||
| 1.17 (0.88) |
|||
| 12.1 |
|||
| 1.11 (0.82) |
|||
| 11.1 |
|||
| 1.21 (0.91) |
|||
|- |
|||
| colspan="7" style="text-align:left;" |<small>CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman). <sup>1</sup>Number in parentheses represents the wanted fertility rate.</small> |
|||
|} |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: right;" |
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: right;" |
||
|+ Crude birth rate and total fertility rate (wanted fertility rate) 2019–2021<ref>{{Cite journal |url=https://dhsprogram.com/publications/publication-fr374-dhs-final-reports.cfm|title=India national family health survey NFHS-5 2019–21|date=15 March 2022|website=Demographic and Health Surveys Program}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! rowspan=2| State (Population 2011) |
|||
!'''State''' !!'''Birth <br> Rate''' !!'''BR <br> Rural''' !!'''BR <br> Urban''' !!'''Death <br> Rate''' !!'''DR <br> Rural''' |
|||
! colspan=2| Total |
|||
!'''DR <br> Urban''' !!'''NGR''' !!'''NGR <br> Rural''' !!'''NGR <br> Urban''' !!'''IMR''' |
|||
! colspan=2| Urban |
|||
! colspan=2| Rural |
|||
|- |
|||
! CBR !! TFR<sup>1</sup> |
|||
! CBR !! TFR<sup>1</sup> |
|||
! CBR !! TFR<sup>1</sup> |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Uttar Pradesh]] (199 812 341) |
|||
| 20.5 |
|||
| 2.35 (1.77) |
|||
| 16.7 |
|||
| 1.88 (1.49) |
|||
| 21.8 |
|||
| 2.50 (1.86) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Maharashtra]] (112 374 333) |
|||
| 13.8 |
|||
| 1.71 (1.43) |
|||
| 12.6 |
|||
| 1.50 (1.27) |
|||
| 15.0 |
|||
| 1.89 (1.58) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Bihar]] (104 099 452) |
|||
| 25.9 |
|||
| 2.98 (2.25) |
|||
| 20.4 |
|||
| 2.35 (1.88) |
|||
| 27.0 |
|||
| 3.11 (2.31) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" | [[West Bengal]] (91 276 115) |
|||
| 15.5 |
|||
| 1.64 (1.42) |
|||
| 12.4 |
|||
| 1.39 (1.24) |
|||
| 17.0 |
|||
| 1.73 (1.48) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Madhya Pradesh]] (72 626 809) |
|||
| 17.2 |
|||
| 1.99 (1.61) |
|||
| 13.7 |
|||
| 1.61 (1.34) |
|||
| 18.5 |
|||
| 2.12 (1.69) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Tamil Nadu]] (72 147 030) |
|||
| 13.7 |
|||
| 1.76 (1.59) |
|||
| 12.7 |
|||
| 1.61 (1.50) |
|||
| 14.6 |
|||
| 1.89 (1.66) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Rajasthan]] (68 548 437) |
|||
| 18.7 |
|||
| 2.01 (1.61) |
|||
| 15.3 |
|||
| 1.67 (1.42) |
|||
| 19.8 |
|||
| 2.11 (1.65) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Karnataka]] (61 095 297) |
|||
| 14.2 |
|||
| 1.67 (1.38) |
|||
| 13.2 |
|||
| 1.50 (1.25) |
|||
| 14.9 |
|||
| 1.79 (1.46) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Gujarat]] (60 439 692) |
|||
| 15.0 |
|||
| 1.86 (1.53) |
|||
| 13.3 |
|||
| 1.65 (1.39) |
|||
| 16.3 |
|||
| 2.0 (1.60) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Andhra Pradesh]] (49 386 799) |
|||
| 13.8 |
|||
| 1.68 (1.55) |
|||
| 12.5 |
|||
| 1.47 (1.36) |
|||
| 14.3 |
|||
| 1.78 (1.64) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Odisha]] (41 974 218) |
|||
| 15.9 |
|||
| 1.82 (1.52) |
|||
| 13.1 |
|||
| 1.48 (1.26) |
|||
| 16.5 |
|||
| 1.89 (1.57) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Telangana]] (35 193 978) |
|||
| 15.3 |
|||
| 1.75 (1.55) |
|||
| 16.0 |
|||
| 1.75 (1.57) |
|||
| 15.3 |
|||
| 1.74 (1.54) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Kerala]] (33 406 061) |
|||
| 11.8 |
|||
| 1.79 (1.68) |
|||
| 11.9 |
|||
| 1.82 (1.71) |
|||
| 11.6 |
|||
| 1.76 (1.65) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Jharkhand]] (32 988 134) |
|||
| 20.2 |
|||
| 2.26 (1.87) |
|||
| 14.2 |
|||
| 1.56 (1.32) |
|||
| 22.0 |
|||
| 2.48 (2.04) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Assam]] (31 205 576) |
|||
| 16.8 |
|||
| 1.87 (1.56) |
|||
| 13.1 |
|||
| 1.50 (1.37) |
|||
| 17.4 |
|||
| 1.93 (1.59) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Punjab, India|Punjab]] (27 743 338) |
|||
| 13.3 |
|||
| 1.63 (1.35) |
|||
| 12.1 |
|||
| 1.55 (1.29) |
|||
| 14.0 |
|||
| 1.68 (1.38) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Chhattisgarh]] (25 545 198) |
|||
| 16.4 |
|||
| 1.82 (1.57) |
|||
| 13.6 |
|||
| 1.42 (1.28) |
|||
| 17.2 |
|||
| 1.94 (1.66) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Haryana]] (25 351 462) |
|||
| 16.4 |
|||
| 1.91 (1.54) |
|||
| 14.1 |
|||
| 1.65 (1.38) |
|||
| 17.5 |
|||
| 2.04 (1.62) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]] (12 541 302) |
|||
| 13.1 |
|||
| 1.41 (1.3) |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Uttarakhand]] (10 086 292) |
|||
| 16.7 |
|||
| 1.85 (1.46) |
|||
| 16.8 |
|||
| 1.84 (1.47) |
|||
| 16.6 |
|||
| 1.86 (1.47) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Himachal Pradesh]] (6 864 602) |
|||
| 12.7 |
|||
| 1.66 (1.43) |
|||
| 11.2 |
|||
| 1.43 (1.36) |
|||
| 12.9 |
|||
| 1.69 (1.44) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Tripura]] (3 673 917) |
|||
| 14.5 |
|||
| 1.70 (1.49) |
|||
| 11.0 |
|||
| 1.39 (1.29) |
|||
| 15.8 |
|||
| 1.81 (1.56) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Meghalaya]] (2 966 889) |
|||
| 24.2 |
|||
| 2.91 (2.66) |
|||
| 14.8 |
|||
| 1.57 (1.43) |
|||
| 26.5 |
|||
| 3.31 (3.04) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Manipur]] (2 855 794) |
|||
| 17.4 |
|||
| 2.17 (1.98) |
|||
| 14.7 |
|||
| 1.84 (1.73) |
|||
| 19.1 |
|||
| 2.38 (2.13) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Nagaland]] (1 978 502) |
|||
| 15.4 |
|||
| 1.72 (1.57) |
|||
| 12.5 |
|||
| 1.21 (1.13) |
|||
| 16.8 |
|||
| 2.00 (1.82) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Goa]] (1 458 545) |
|||
| 10.3 |
|||
| 1.30 (1.21) |
|||
| 10.3 |
|||
| 1.26 (1.19) |
|||
| 10.3 |
|||
| 1.36 (1.24) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Arunachal Pradesh]] (1 383 727) |
|||
| 16.0 |
|||
| 1.80 (1.49) |
|||
| 14.8 |
|||
| 1.44 (1.24) |
|||
| 16.2 |
|||
| 1.88 (1.54) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Mizoram]] (1 097 206) |
|||
| 15.0 |
|||
| 1.87 (1.78) |
|||
| 13.9 |
|||
| 1.63 (1.56) |
|||
| 16.4 |
|||
| 2.19 (2.08) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Sikkim]] (610 577) |
|||
| 10.2 |
|||
| 1.05 (0.85) |
|||
| 7.8 |
|||
| 0.71 (0.54) |
|||
| 11.7 |
|||
| 1.32 (1.11) |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Delhi]] |
|||
| 14.8 |
|||
| 1.62 (1.29) |
|||
| 14.6 |
|||
| 1.60 (1.27) |
|||
| 23.4 |
|||
| 2.47 (2.06) |
|||
|- |
|||
| colspan="7" style="text-align:left;" |<small>CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman). <sup>1</sup>Number in parentheses represents the wanted fertility rate.</small> |
|||
|} |
|||
=== Regional vital statistics === |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable" |
|||
|+ Birth rate, death rate, natural growth rate, and infant mortality rate, by state or UT(2010)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/vital_statistics/SRS_Bulletins/SRS%20Bulletin_%20December%202011%20.pdf |title=SRS Bulletin Sample Registration system |website=censusindia.gov.in |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120131102919/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/vital_statistics/SRS_Bulletins/SRS%20Bulletin_%20December%202011%20.pdf |archive-date=31 January 2012}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: left;" rowspan="2" | State or UT |
|||
! scope="col" colspan="3" | Birth rate |
|||
! scope="col" colspan="3" | Death rate |
|||
! scope="col" colspan="3" | Natural growth rate |
|||
! scope="col" colspan="3" | Infant mortality rate |
|||
|- |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Total |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Rural |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Urban |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Total |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Rural |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Urban |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Total |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Rural |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Urban |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Total |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Rural |
|||
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Urban |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Andaman and Nicobar Islands |
|||
| align="left"|Andhra Pradesh || 17.9 || 18.3 || 16.7 || 7.6 || 8.6 || 5.4 || 1.02% || 0.97% || 1.13% || 46 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 3.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 11.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 10.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 25 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 29 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 18 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Andhra Pradesh |
|||
| align="left"|Assam || 23.2 || 24.4 || 15.8 || 8.2 || 8.6 || 5.8 || 1.49% || 1.58% || 1.01% ||58 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 18.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 10.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 11.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 46 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 51 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 33 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Arunachal Pradesh |
|||
| align="left"|Arunachal Pradesh || 28.1 || 28.8 || 22.0 || 6.8 || 7.0 || 5.6 || 2.13% || 2.18% || 1.64% ||48 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 22.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 2.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 31 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 34 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 12 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Assam |
|||
| align="left"|Chhattisgarh || 25.3 || 26.8 || 18.6 || 8.0 || 8.4 || 6.2 || 1.73% || 1.84% || 1.24% || 51 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 23.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 24.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 10.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 58 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 60 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 36 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Bihar |
|||
| align="left"|Delhi || 17.8 || 19.7 || 17.5 || 4.2 || 4.6 || 4.1 || 1.36% || 1.50% || 1.34% ||30 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 28.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 28.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 22.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 48 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 49 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 38 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Chandigarh |
|||
| align="left"|Gujarat || 21.8 || 23.3 || 19.4 || 6.7 || 7.5 || 5.5 || 1.51% || 1.58% || 1.40% || 44 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 3.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 3.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 3.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 11.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 11.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 22 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 20 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 23 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Chhattisgarh |
|||
| align="left"|Haryana || 22.3 || 23.3 || 19.8 || 6.6 || 7.0 || 5.6 || 1.57% || 1.63% || 1.43% || 48 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 25.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 26.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 18.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 18.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 51 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 52 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 44 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Dadra and Nagar Haveli |
|||
| align="left"|Jammu and Kashmir || 18.3 || 19.5 || 13.5 || 5.7 || 5.9 || 4.7 || 1.26% || 1.36% || 0.88% || 43 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 26.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 26.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 28.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 3.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 25.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 38 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 43 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 22 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Daman and Diu |
|||
| align="left"|Jharkhand || 25.3 || 26.7 || 19.3 || 7.0 || 7.4 || 5.4 || 1.83% || 1.93% || 1.39% || 42 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 18.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 19.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 18.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 13.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 13.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 23 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 19 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 29 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Delhi |
|||
| align="left"|Karnataka || 19.2 || 20.2 || 17.5 || 7.1 || 8.1 || 5.4 || 1.21% || 1.21% || 1.21% || 38 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 19.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 13.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 13.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 30 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 37 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 29 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Goa |
|||
| align="left"|Kerala || 14.8 || 14.8 || 14.8 || 7.0 || 7.1 || 6.7 || 0.78% || 0.77% || 0.81% || 13 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 13.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 13.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 10 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 10 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 10 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Gujarat |
|||
| align="left"|Madhya Pradesh || 27.3 || 29.2 || 20.5 || 8.3 || 9.0 || 6.0 || 1.89% || 2.02% || 1.45% || 62 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 23.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 19.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 44 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 51 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 30 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Haryana |
|||
| align="left"|Maharashtra || 35.1 || 34.6 || 26.4 || 26.3 || 25.5 || 22.3 || 3.06% || 3.02% || 3.11% || 78 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 22.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 23.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 19.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 48 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 51 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 38 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Himachal Pradesh |
|||
| align="left"|Odisha || 20.5 || 21.4 || 15.2 || 8.6 || 9.0 || 6.6 || 1.19% || 1.24% || 0.86% || 61 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 11.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 10.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 10.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 40 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 41 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 29 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Jammu and Kashmir |
|||
| align="left"|Punjab || 16.6 || 17.2 || 15.6 || 7.0 || 7.7 || 5.8 || 0.96% || 0.95% || 0.98% || 34 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 18.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 19.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 13.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 13.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 43 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 45 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 32 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Jharkhand |
|||
| align="left"|Rajasthan || 26.7 || 27.9 || 22.9 || 6.7 || 6.9 || 6.0 || 2.00% || 2.09% || 1.69% || 55 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 25.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 26.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 19.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 18.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 19.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 13.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 42 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 44 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 30 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Karnataka |
|||
| align="left"|Tamil Nadu || 15.9 || 16.0 || 15.8 || 7.6 || 8.2 || 6.9 || 0.83% || 0.78% || 0.89% || 24 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 19.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 38 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 43 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 28 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Kerala |
|||
| align="left"|Uttar Pradesh || 28.3 || 29.2 || 24.2 || 8.1 || 8.5 || 6.3 || 2.02% || 2.07% || 1.79% || 61 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 13 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 14 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 10 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Lakshadweep |
|||
| align="left"|West Bengal || 16.8 || 18.6 || 11.9 || 6.0 || 6.0 || 6.3 || 1.07% || 1.26% || 0.56% || 31 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 13.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 25 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 23 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 27 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Madhya Pradesh |
|||
| align="left"|Bihar || 20.5 || 22.1 || 14.6 || 5.9 || 6.9 || 2.3 || 1.46% || 1.52% || 1.23% || 31 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 27.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 29.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 18.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 62 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 67 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 42 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Maharashtra |
|||
| align="left"|Goa || 13.2 || 12.6 || 13.7 || 6.6 || 8.1 || 5.7 || 0.66% || 0.45% || 0.80% ||10 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 10.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 10.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 11.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 28 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 34 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 20 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Manipur |
|||
| align="left"|Himachal Pradesh || 16.9 || 17.5 || 11.5 || 6.9 || 7.2 || 4.2 || 1.00% || 1.03% || 0.73% || 40 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 10.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 10.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 11.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 14 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 15 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 9 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Meghalaya |
|||
| align="left"|Manipur || 14.9 || 14.8 || 15.3 || 4.2 || 4.3 || 4.0 || 1.07% || 1.05% || 1.13% || 14 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 24.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 26.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 18.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 55 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 58 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 37 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Mizoram |
|||
| align="left"|Meghalaya || 24.5 || 26.6 || 14.8 || 7.9 || 8.4 || 5.6 || 1.66% || 1.82% || 0.92% || 55 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 13.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 3.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 37 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 47 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 21 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Nagaland |
|||
| align="left"|Mizoram || 17.1 || 21.1 || 13.0 || 4.5 || 5.4 || 3.7 || 1.25% || 1.57% || 0.93% || 37 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 3.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 3.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 3.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 13.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 13.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 23 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 24 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 20 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Odisha |
|||
| align="left"|Nagaland || 16.8 || 17.0 || 16.0 || 3.6 || 3.7 || 3.3 || 1.32% || 1.33% || 1.27% || 23 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 11.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 61 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 63 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 43 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Puducherry |
|||
| align="left"|Sikkim || 17.8 || 18.1 || 16.1 || 5.6 || 5.9 || 3.8 || 1.23% || 1.23% || 1.23% || 30 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.4 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 22 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 25 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 21 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Punjab |
|||
| align="left"|Tripura || 14.9 || 15.6 || 11.5 || 5.0 || 4.8 || 5.7 || 0.99% || 1.08% || 0.58% || 27 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 34 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 37 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 28 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Rajasthan |
|||
| align="left"|Uttarakhand || 19.3 || 20.2 || 16.2 || 6.3 || 6.7 || 5.1 || 1.30% || 1.35% || 1.11% || 38 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 26.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 27.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 22.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 55 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 61 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 31 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Sikkim |
|||
| align="left"|Andaman and Nicobar Islands || 15.6 || 15.5 || 15.8 || 4.3 || 4.8 || 3.3 || 1.13% || 1.07% || 1.26%|| 25 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 18.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 3.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 30 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 31 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 19 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Tamil Nadu |
|||
| align="left"|Chandigarh || 15.6 || 21.6 || 15.0 || 3.9 || 3.7 || 3.9 || 1.16% || 1.79% || 1.10% || 22 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 24 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 25 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 22 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Tripura |
|||
| align="left"|Dadra and Nagar Haveli || 26.6 || 26.0 || 28.6 || 4.7 || 5.1 || 3.3 || 2.19% || 2.09% || 2.53% || 38 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 11.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 10.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 27 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 29 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 19 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Uttar Pradesh |
|||
| align="left"|Daman and Diu || 18.8 || 19.1 || 18.3 || 4.9 || 4.9 || 4.8 || 1.39% || 1.42% || 1.36% || 23 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 28.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 29.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 24.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 61 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 64 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 44 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Uttarakhand |
|||
| align="left"|Lakshadweep || 14.3 || 15.5 || 13.2 || 6.4 || 6.1 || 6.7 || 0.80% || 0.95% || 0.65% || 25 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 19.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.2 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 13.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 13.5 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 11.1 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 38 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 41 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 25 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| West Bengal |
|||
| align="left"|Puducherry || 16.7 || 16.7 || 16.7 || 7.4 || 8.2 || 7.0 || 0.93% || 0.85% || 0.96% || 22 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.8 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 18.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 11.9 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.0 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.3 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 10.7 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.6 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 31 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 32 |
|||
| style="text-align: right;" | 25 |
|||
|} |
|} |
||
==CIA World Factbook demographic statistics== |
== CIA World Factbook demographic statistics == |
||
[[File:2011 Census India population density map, states and union territories.svg|thumb|390px|Map showing the population density in India, per 2011 Census.<ref>(a) [http://censusindia.gov.in/ Census 2011 Final], Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India (may need subscription); (b) The data is mirrored here: [http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/data_files/india/Final_PPT_2011chapter7.pdf Density of Population], Chapter 7, Census of India (2013)</ref>]] |
|||
The following demographic statistics are from the [[CIA World Factbook]], unless otherwise indicated. |
The following demographic statistics are from the [[CIA World Factbook]], unless otherwise indicated. |
||
;Total population |
;Total population |
||
1,166,079,217 (July 2009 est. CIA);<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/in.html |title=CIA World Factbook – ''India'' |publisher=Cia.gov |date= |accessdate=2011-09-24}}</ref> 1,210 million (2011 census)<ref>[http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/data_files/india/Final_PPT_2011_chapter3.pdf Census India, 2011, chapter 3]</ref> |
|||
: 1,166,079,217 (July 2009 est. CIA),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/india/ |title=CIA World Factbook – ''India'' |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |access-date=24 September 2011}}</ref> |
|||
[[File:2011 Census India population density map, states and union territories.svg|thumb|390px|Map showing the population density in India, per 2011 Census.<ref>(a) [http://censusindia.gov.in/ Census 2011 Final], Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India (may need subscription); (b) The data is mirrored here: [http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/data_files/india/Final_PPT_2011chapter7.pdf Density of Population], Chapter 7, Census of India (2013)</ref>]] |
|||
: 1,210 million (2011 census),<ref>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/data_files/india/Final_PPT_2011_chapter3.pdf| title = Census India, 2011, chapter 3}}</ref> |
|||
: 1,389,637,446 (May 2022 est.)<ref>{{Citation |title=India |date=3 May 2022 |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/india/#people-and-society |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency|access-date=10 May 2022}}</ref> |
|||
;Rural population: |
;<nowiki>Rural population:</nowiki> |
||
72.2%; male: 381,668,992, female: 360,948,755 (2001 census) |
|||
: 62.2% |
|||
;Age structure: |
|||
: male: 381,668,992 |
|||
''0–14 years:'' 30.8%; male: 188,208,196, female: 171,356,024 |
|||
: female: 360,948,755 |
|||
<br>''15–64 years:'' 64.3%; male: 386,432,921, female: 364,215,759 |
|||
<br>''65+ years:'' 4.9%; male: 27,258,259, female: 30,031,289 (2007 est.) |
|||
;<nowiki>Age structure:</nowiki> |
|||
;Median age: |
|||
25.1 years |
|||
: '''0–14 years:''' 27.34% (male 186,087,665/female 164,398,204) |
|||
;Population growth rate: |
|||
: '''15–24 years:''' 17.9% (male 121,879,786/female 107,583,437) |
|||
1.548% (2009 est.) |
|||
: '''25–54 years:''' 41.08% (male 271,744,709/female 254,834,569) |
|||
: '''55–64 years:''' 7.45% (male 47,846,122/female 47,632,532) |
|||
: '''65+ years:''' 6.24% (male 37,837,801/female 42,091,086) (2017 est.) |
|||
;<nowiki>Median age:</nowiki> |
|||
: Total: 29.5 years (2023 est.) (See [[List of countries by median age]].) |
|||
: Male: 28 years |
|||
: Female: 29.5 years (2020 est.)<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/india/|title=India – The World Factbook|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency|date=14 December 2021}}</ref> |
|||
;<nowiki>Population growth rate :</nowiki> |
|||
: 0.67% (2022 est)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Population growth rate – The World Factbook |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/population-growth-rate/ |access-date=10 May 2022 |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref> |
|||
;Literacy rate: |
;Literacy rate: |
||
74% (age 7 and above, in 2011)<ref name="censusindia.gov.in"/> |
|||
<br>81.4% (total population, age 15-25, in 2006)<ref>{{cite web|title=National Youth Literacy Rates|publisher=UNESCO Institute of Statistics|year=2009|url=http://stats.uis.unesco.org/unesco/TableViewer/tableView.aspx}}</ref> |
|||
: 74% (age 7 and above, in 2011)<ref name="censusindia.gov.in 2">[http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/data_files/india/Final_PPT_2011_chapter6.pdf Ranking of states and union territories by literacy rate: 2011] Census of India Report (2013)</ref> |
|||
;Per cent of population below poverty line: |
|||
: 81.4% (total population, age 15–25, in 2006)<ref>{{cite web|title=National Youth Literacy Rates|publisher=UNESCO Institute of Statistics|year=2009|url=http://stats.uis.unesco.org/unesco/TableViewer/tableView.aspx|access-date=26 January 2012|archive-date=16 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716104117/http://stats.uis.unesco.org/unesco/TableViewer/tableView.aspx}}</ref> |
|||
22% (2006 est.) |
|||
;<nowiki>Per cent of population below poverty line:</nowiki> |
|||
;Unemployment rate: |
|||
7.8% |
|||
: 22% (2006 est.) |
|||
;Net migration rate: |
|||
−0.05 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.) |
|||
;<nowiki>Unemployment rate:</nowiki> |
|||
;Sex ratio: |
|||
''At birth:'' |
|||
1.12 male(s)/female |
|||
<br>''Under 10 years:'' |
|||
1.14 male(s)/female |
|||
<br>''15–24 years:'' |
|||
1.09 male(s)/female |
|||
<br>''24–64 years:'' |
|||
1.06 male(s)/female |
|||
<br>''65 years and over:'' |
|||
0.908 male(s)/female |
|||
<br>''Total population:'' |
|||
1.08 male(s)/female (2011 est.) |
|||
: 7.8% |
|||
;[[Life expectancy]] at birth: |
|||
''Total population:'' |
|||
65.8 years (source: UN Human Development Report, 2013) |
|||
; |
;<nowiki>Net migration rate:</nowiki> |
||
2.72 children born/woman (2009 est.), although more up-to-date statistics indicate that India's TFR was 2.6 in 2008<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/total-fertility-rate-in-india-on-decline/722989/ |title=Total Fertility Rate in India on decline |publisher=Indian Express |date=10 December 2010 |accessdate=2011-09-24}}</ref> |
|||
: 0.00 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2020 est.)<ref name=":1" /> |
|||
The TFR (total number of children born per women) according to religion in 2001 was: Hindus 2.4, Muslims 2.8, Sikhs 2.1, Christians 2.1, Buddhists 2.1, Jains 1.4, animists and others 2.99, tribals 3.16, scheduled castes 2.89{{Citation needed|date=November 2008}} |
|||
;<nowiki>Sex ratio:</nowiki> |
|||
;Religions: |
|||
Hindu 80.5%, Muslim 13.4%, Christian 2.3%, Sikh 1.8%, Buddhists 0.8%, Jains 0.4%, others 0.7%, unspecified 0.1% (2001 census)<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/India_at_glance/religion.aspx Religious Composition] ''Census of India: Census Data 2001: India at a glance >> Religious Composition.'' Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved on 2008-11-26.</ref><ref>[http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2007/90228.htm International Religious Freedom Report 2007 — India] ''International Religious Freedom Report 2007.'' U.S. Department of State.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/in.html |title=CIA's The World Factbook — India |publisher=Cia.gov |date= |accessdate=2011-09-24}}</ref><ref>[http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3454.htm Bureau of South and Central [[Asia]]n Affairs — Background Note: India]</ref> |
|||
: '''At birth:''' 1.12 male(s)/female |
|||
;Scheduled castes and tribes: |
|||
: '''Under 10 years:''' 1.13 male(s)/female |
|||
Scheduled castes: 16.6% (2011 census);<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/hlo/pca/pca_pdf/PCA-CRC-0000.pdf 2011 Census Primary Census Abstract]</ref><ref name="CensusDalit">{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Half-of-Indias-dalit-population-lives-in-4-states/articleshow/19827757.cms|title=Half of India’s dalit population lives in 4 states}}</ref> |
|||
: '''15–24 years:''' 1.13 male(s)/female |
|||
scheduled tribes: 8.6% (2011 census) |
|||
: '''24–64 years:''' 1.06 male(s)/female |
|||
: '''65 years and over:''' 0.9 male(s)/female |
|||
: '''Total population:''' 1.08 male(s)/female (2017 est.) |
|||
;[[Life expectancy]]<nowiki> at birth:</nowiki> |
|||
;Languages: |
|||
See [[Languages of India]] and [[List of Indian languages by total speakers]]. There are 216 languages with more than 10,000 native speakers in India. The largest of these is [[Hindi]] with some 337 million, and the second largest is [[Bengali language|Bengali]]. 22 languages are recognised as [[National languages of India|official languages]]. In India, there are 1,652 languages and [[dialect]]s in total.<ref name="languageinindia.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.languageinindia.com/aug2002/indianmothertongues1961aug2002.html |title=Mother Tongues of India According to the 1961 Census |publisher=Languageinindia.com |date= |accessdate=2011-09-26}}</ref><ref>[[Rupert Goodwins]].[http://news.zdnet.co.uk/software/0,1000000121,39268336,00.htm Smashing India's language barriers]. ZDNet UK</ref> |
|||
: '''Total population:''' 69.7 years |
|||
==Population projections== |
|||
: '''Male:''' 68.4 years |
|||
India is projected to overtake China as the world's most populous nation by 2030. India's population growth has raised concerns that it would lead to widespread unemployment and political instability.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/thereporters/soutikbiswas/2011/03/indias_census_the_good_and_bad_news.html |title=Soutik Biswas's India: India's census: The good and bad news |publisher=BBC |date=31 March 2011 |accessdate=2011-09-24}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1371996/India-set-overtake-China-worlds-populated-country-adding-180m-people-decade.html?ito=feeds-newsxml | location=London | work=Daily Mail | title=India set to overtake China as world's most populated country after adding 180m people in a decade | date=31 March 2011}}</ref> Note that these projections make assumptions about future fertility and death rates which may not turn out to be correct in the event. Fertility rates also vary from region to region, with some higher than the national average and some lower. |
|||
: '''Female:''' 71.2 years (2020 est.)<ref name=":1" /> |
|||
;<nowiki>Total fertility rate:</nowiki> |
|||
Source:<ref>{{cite web|author=US Census Bureau, Demographic Internet Staff |url=http://www.census.gov/ipc/www/idb/informationGateway.php |title=International Programs - Information Gateway - U.S. Census Bureau |publisher=Census.gov |date= |accessdate=2011-09-24}}</ref> |
|||
* '''2020''': 1,326,093,000 |
|||
* '''2030''': 1,460,743,000 |
|||
* '''2040''': 1,571,715,000 |
|||
* '''2050''': 1,656,554,000 |
|||
: 2.00 (2023 est.)<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2127rank.html |title=Rank order – Total fertility rate |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070613003803/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2127rank.html |archive-date=13 June 2007 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]] (CIA)|year=2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/total-fertility-rate-in-india-on-decline/722989/ |title=Total Fertility Rate in India on decline |work=The Indian Express |date=10 December 2010 |access-date=24 September 2011}}</ref> |
|||
===2020 estimate=== |
|||
In millions (example: 361 = 361,000,000) |
|||
The TFR (total number of children born per women) by religion in 2005–2006 was: |
|||
Source:<ref>Based on P.N. Mari Bhat, "Indian Demographic Scenario 2025", Institute of Economic Growth, New Delhi, Discussion Paper No. 27/2001.</ref> |
|||
: Hindus, 2.7 |
|||
{|class = "wikitable" |
|||
: Muslims, 3.1 |
|||
: Christians, 2.4 |
|||
: Sikhs, 2.0<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.un.org/esa/population/meetings/EGM-Fertility2009/P12_Haub.pdf|title=Future Fertility Prospects for India|last=Haub|first=Carl|date=17 November 2009|access-date=27 January 2017}}</ref> |
|||
;<nowiki>Religious Composition:</nowiki> |
|||
: Hindus 79.5% |
|||
: Muslims 15% |
|||
: Christian 2.3% |
|||
: Sikh 1.7% |
|||
: other and unspecified 2% (2011 est.)<ref name=":1" /><ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/India_at_glance/religion.aspx Religious Composition] ''Census of India: Census Data 2001: India at a glance >> Religious Composition.'' Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 26 November 2008.</ref><ref>[https://2001-2009.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2007/90228.htm International Religious Freedom Report 2007 – India] ''International Religious Freedom Report 2007.'' U.S. Department of State.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/india/ |title=CIA's The World Factbook – India |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |access-date=24 September 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3454.htm|title=India|website=U.S. Department of State}}</ref> |
|||
;<nowiki>Scheduled castes and tribes:</nowiki> |
|||
: Scheduled castes: 16.6% (2011 census)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/hlo/pca/pca_pdf/PCA-CRC-0000.pdf|title=2011 Census Primary Census Abstract}}</ref><ref name="CensusDalit">{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/half-of-indias-dalit-population-lives-in-4-states/articleshow/19827757.cms|title=Half of India's dalit population lives in 4 states|website=The Times of India|date=2 May 2013 }}</ref> |
|||
: scheduled tribes: 8.6% (2011 census) |
|||
;Languages |
|||
See [[Languages of India]] and [[List of languages by number of native speakers in India]]. There are 216 languages with more than 10,000 native speakers in India. The largest of these is [[Hindi]] with some 337 million, and the second largest is [[Bengali language|Bengali]] with 238 million. 22 languages are recognised as [[National languages of India|official languages]]. In India, there are 1,652 languages and [[dialect]]s in total.<ref name="languageinindia.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.languageinindia.com/aug2002/indianmothertongues1961aug2002.html|title=Mother Tongues of India According to the 1961 Census|publisher=Languageinindia.com|access-date=26 September 2011}}</ref><ref>[[Rupert Goodwins]].[http://news.zdnet.co.uk/software/0,1000000121,39268336,00.htm Smashing India's language barriers] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090714201655/http://news.zdnet.co.uk/software/0,1000000121,39268336,00.htm |date=14 July 2009 }}. ZDNet UK</ref> |
|||
== Caste/Tribe == |
|||
Caste and community statistics as recorded from "Socially and Educationally Backward Classes Commission" (SEBC) or Mandal Commission of 1979. ''This was completed in 1983.'' |
|||
India has chosen not to officially count caste population since then. |
|||
The following data are from the Mandal report:{{citation needed|date=November 2022}}<!-- WP:RS needed; removed link to WP--> |
|||
{| class="wikitable" |
|||
|+Caste/Tribe demographics (1983) |
|||
!Caste/Tribe |
|||
!population |
|||
!percentage |
|||
!notes |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|'''Total population''' |
|||
!Year||Under 15||15–64||65+||Total |
|||
|'''731,000,000''' |
|||
|{{percentage bar|100}} |
|||
|*Margin of error 0.34% |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|'''Scheduled castes and tribes''' |
|||
|2000||361||604||45||1010 |
|||
|'''164,913,600''' |
|||
|{{percentage bar|22.56}} |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|Scheduled castes |
|||
|2005||368||673||51||1093 |
|||
|110,015,500 |
|||
|{{percentage bar|15.05}} |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|Scheduled tribes |
|||
|2010||370||747||58||1175 |
|||
|54,898,100 |
|||
|{{percentage bar|7.51}} |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| colspan="4" | |
|||
|2015||372||819||65||1256 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|'''Non OBC/SC/ST Hindu castes/communities''' |
|||
|2020||373||882||76||1332 |
|||
|'''128,509,800''' |
|||
|{{percentage bar|17.58}} |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|||
|Brahmin (including Bhumihar) |
|||
|40,351,200 |
|||
|{{percentage bar|5.52}} |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|||
|Kshtriyas(Rajput) |
|||
|28,509,000 |
|||
|{{percentage bar|3.90}} |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|||
|Maratha |
|||
|16,155,100 |
|||
|{{percentage bar|2.21}} |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|||
|Jats |
|||
|7,310,000 |
|||
|{{percentage bar|1}} |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|||
|Vaishya, Bania, etc. |
|||
|13,742,800 |
|||
|{{percentage bar|1.88}} |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|||
|Kayasthas |
|||
|7,821,700 |
|||
|{{percentage bar|1.07}} |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|||
|Others [ Including Yadavs (Kshtriyas) ] |
|||
|14,620,000 |
|||
|{{percentage bar|2}} |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|||
| colspan="4" | |
|||
|- |
|||
|'''Non-Hindu communities and groups''' |
|||
|'''121,346,000''' |
|||
|{{percentage bar|16.6}} |
|||
|'''Non-Hindu scheduled and OBC''' |
|||
|- |
|||
|Muslim (Non S.T) |
|||
|81,798,900 |
|||
|{{percentage bar|11.19}} |
|||
|{{percentage bar|0.02}} |
|||
|- |
|||
|Christian (Non S.T) |
|||
|15,789,600 |
|||
|{{percentage bar|2.16}} |
|||
|{{percentage bar|0.44}} |
|||
|- |
|||
|Sikh (Non scheduled) |
|||
|12,207,700 |
|||
|{{percentage bar|1.67}} |
|||
|{{percentage bar|0.22}} |
|||
|- |
|||
|Buddhist (Non S.T) |
|||
|4,897,700 |
|||
|{{percentage bar|0.67}} |
|||
|{{percentage bar|0.03}} |
|||
|- |
|||
|Jain (Non scheduled) |
|||
|3,435,700 |
|||
|{{percentage bar|0.47}} |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|||
| colspan="4" | |
|||
|- |
|||
|'''Other backward classes and communities (OBC)''' |
|||
|'''380,120,000''' |
|||
|{{percentage bar|52}} |
|||
|'''*OBC is a derived figure''' |
|||
|- |
|||
|Hindu OBC |
|||
|318,716,000 |
|||
|{{percentage bar|43.60}} |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|||
|Non-Hindu OBC |
|||
|61,404,000 |
|||
|{{percentage bar|8.40}} |
|||
|'''*52% of Non-Hindus''' |
|||
|} |
|} |
||
==Ethnic groups== |
== Ethnic groups == |
||
{{See also|South Asian ethnic groups|Ethnic relations in India| |
{{See also|South Asian ethnic groups|Ethnic relations in India|Caste system in India|Genetics and archaeogenetics of South Asia|Languages of India}} |
||
{| class="wikitable" |
|||
The national Census of India does not recognise [[Racial groups of India|racial]] or ethnic groups within India,<ref>Kumar, Jayant. Census of India. 2001. 4 September 2006. [http://www.censusindia.gov.in/ Indian Census]</ref> but recognises many of the tribal groups as [[Scheduled Castes and Tribes]] (see [[list of Scheduled Tribes in India]]). |
|||
|+ '''Population of India by Ethnic Group (Share of Total Population): 1951-2011''' |
|||
|- |
|||
! Year !! Indo-Aryans and Aryanized people (%) !! Dravidian people (%) !! Sino-Tibetan people (%) !! Austroasiatic (%) !! Negrito (%) !! Others (%) |
|||
|- |
|||
| 1951 || 71.86 || 23.95 || 2.99 || 0.60 || 0.006 || 0.594 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 1961 || 72.24 || 23.91 || 2.93 || 0.59 || 0.005 || 0.325 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 1971 || 72.02 || 23.49 || 2.94 || 0.59 || 0.005 || 0.955 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 1981 || 71.98 || 23.98 || 2.88 || 0.58 || 0.005 || 0.575 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 1991 || 72.08 || 24.02 || 2.80 || 0.56 || 0.004 || 0.536 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 2001 || 71.25 || 24.89 || 2.83 || 0.57 || 0.004 || 0.456 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 2011 || 70.17 || 25.26 || 2.99 || 0.65 || 0.004 || 0.926 |
|||
|} |
|||
Sources: |
|||
* Census of India. New Delhi: Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. |
|||
1. **1951 Census of India:** |
|||
– *Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India.* (1951). *1951 Census of India: Volume I – India (Part II-C) – Languages.* New Delhi: Government of India. Available at [https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/31295]. |
|||
2. **1961 Census of India:** |
|||
According to a 2009 study published by Reich ''et al''., the modern Indian population is composed of two genetically divergent and heterogeneous populations which mixed in ancient times (about 1,200-3,500 BC), known as Ancestral North Indians (ANI) and Ancestral South Indians (ASI). ASI corresponds to the Dravidian-speaking population of southern India, whereas ANI corresponds to the Indo-Aryan-speaking population of northern India.<ref>{{cite web|author=Nature |url=http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v461/n7263/abs/nature08365.html |title=Reconstructing Indian population history : Abstract |publisher=Nature |date= |accessdate=2013-06-16}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ichg2011.org/cgi-bin/showdetail.pl?absno=20758 |title=Abstract/Presentation |publisher=Ichg2011.org |date=2011-10-12 |accessdate=2013-06-16}}</ref> |
|||
– *Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India.* (1961). *1961 Census of India: Volume I – India (Part II-C) – Languages.* New Delhi: Government of India. Available at {{Citation needed|date=June 2024}}. |
|||
3. **1971 Census of India:** |
|||
For a list of ethnic groups in the Republic of India (as well as neighboring countries) see [[ethnic groups of the Indian subcontinent]] or the [[tree structure|tree diagram]] above. |
|||
– *Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India.* (1971). *1971 Census of India: Volume I – India (Part II-C) – Languages.* New Delhi: Government of India. Available at {{Citation needed|date=June 2024}}. |
|||
4. **1981 Census of India:** |
|||
==Genetics== |
|||
– *Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India.* (1981). *1981 Census of India: Volume II – India (Part II-C) – Languages.* New Delhi: Government of India. Available at {{Citation needed|date=June 2024}}. |
|||
{{See also|Y-DNA haplogroups in South Asian populations}} |
|||
5. **1991 Census of India:** |
|||
===Y-chromosome DNA=== |
|||
– *Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India.* (1991). *1991 Census of India: Volume II – India (Part II-C) – Languages.* New Delhi: Government of India. Available at {{Citation needed|date=June 2024}}. |
|||
<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pnas.org/content/103/4/843.full |title=A prehistory of Indian Y chromosomes: Evaluating demic diffusion scenarios |publisher=Pnas.org |date= |accessdate=2011-09-24}}</ref> |
|||
6. **2001 Census of India:** |
|||
Y-Chromosome DNA [[Y-DNA]] represents the male lineage, The Indian [[Y-chromosome]] pool may be summarised as follows where [[haplogroup]]s [[Haplogroup R-M420 (Y-DNA)|R-M420]], [[Haplogroup H (Y-DNA)|H]], [[Haplogroup R2 (Y-DNA)|R2]], [[Haplogroup L (Y-DNA)|L]] and [[Haplogroup NOP (Y-DNA)|NOP]] comprise generally more than 80% of the total chromosomes.<ref> |
|||
– *Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India.* (2001). *2001 Census of India: Volume II – India (Part II-C) – Languages.* New Delhi: Government of India. Available at {{Citation needed|date=June 2024}}. |
|||
Hammer ''et al''. 2005, S. Sahoo ''et al''. 2006, R. Trivedi ''et al''. 2007, Zhao ''et al''. 2008</ref> |
|||
* [[Haplogroup H (Y-DNA)|H]] ~ 30% |
|||
* [[Haplogroup R-M420 (Y-DNA)|R1a]] ~ 20% |
|||
* [[Haplogroup R2 (Y-DNA)|R2]] ~ 15% |
|||
* [[Haplogroup L (Y-DNA)|L]] ~ 10% |
|||
* [[Haplogroup NOP (Y-DNA)|NOP]] ~ 10% (Excluding R) |
|||
* Other Haplogroups 15% |
|||
7. **2011 Census of India:** |
|||
===Mitochondrial DNA=== |
|||
– *Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India.* (2011). *2011 Census of India: Volume II – India (Part II-C) – Languages.* New Delhi: Government of India. Available at {{Citation needed|date=June 2024}}. |
|||
<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1471-2148-5-26.pdf |title=1471-2148-5-26.fm |format=PDF |date= |accessdate=2013-06-16}}</ref> |
|||
* Singh, K. S. (1992). *People of India: An Introduction*. Anthropological Survey of India. ISBN 8126012215 {{Citation needed|date=June 2024}}. |
|||
Mitochondrial DNA [[mtDNA]] represents the female lineage. The Indian mitochondrial DNA is primarily made up of [[Haplogroup M (mtDNA)|Haplogroup M]]<ref>Semino ''et al''. 2000, Kivisild ''et al''. 2003, Metspalu ''et al''. 2004, Rajkumar ''et al''. 2005, Chandrasekar ''et al''. 2007, Gonzalez ''et al''. 2007</ref> |
|||
2. Ludden, David. (2013). ''India and South Asia: A Short History''. Oneworld Publications. ISBN 1780741086 {{Citation needed|date=June 2024}}. |
|||
* [[Haplogroup M (mtDNA)|Haplogroup M]] ~ 60% |
|||
* [[Haplogroup UK (mtDNA)|Haplogroup UK]] ~ 15% |
|||
* [[Haplogroup N (mtDNA)|Haplogroup N]] ~ 25% (Excluding UK) |
|||
3. Bhagat, R. B. (2004). "Census Enumeration in India, 1991 and 2001: Issues and Concerns." ''Economic and Political Weekly''{{Citation needed|date=June 2024}}. |
|||
===Autosomal DNA=== |
|||
==Race and ethnicity== |
|||
The national Census of India does not recognise [[Racial groups of India|racial]] or ethnic groups within India,<ref>Kumar, Jayant. Census of India. 2001. 4 September 2006. [http://www.censusindia.gov.in/ Indian Census]</ref> but recognises many of the tribal groups as [[Scheduled Castes and Tribes]] (see [[list of Scheduled Tribes in India]]). |
|||
For a list of ethnic groups in the Republic of India (as well as neighbouring countries), see [[South Asian ethnic groups]]. |
|||
{{Pie chart |
|||
| thumb = |
|||
| caption = Linguistic groups in India chart<ref name="EBCIndoAryanLanguages">{{cite web|title=Indo-Aryan languages |website=Encyclopædia Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/286348/Indo-Aryan-languages |access-date=10 December 2014}}</ref><ref name="EBCDravidianLanguages">{{cite web|title=Dravidian languages |website=Encyclopædia Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/171083/Dravidian-languages |access-date=10 December 2014}}</ref> |
|||
| label1 = [[Indo-Aryan peoples|Indo-Aryan]] |
|||
| value1 = 75 |
|||
| color1 = Orange |
|||
| label2 = [[Dravidian peoples|Dravidian]] |
|||
| value2 = 20 |
|||
| color2 = Red |
|||
| label3 = [[Austroasiatic languages|Kolarian]], [[Tibeto-Burman languages|Tibeto-Burman]], [[Khasi people|Khasi]], [[Tai-Kadai languages|Tai]] and others |
|||
| value3 = 5 |
|||
| color3 = White |
|||
}} |
|||
According to a 2009 study published by Reich ''et al.''., the modern Indian population is composed of two genetically divergent and heterogeneous populations which mixed in ancient times (about 1,200–3,500 BP), known as Ancestral North Indians (ANI) and Ancestral South Indians (ASI). ASI corresponds to the Dravidian-speaking population of southern India, whereas ANI corresponds to the Indo-Aryan-speaking population of northern India.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Reconstructing Indian population history: Abstract |journal=Nature |volume=461 |issue=7263 |doi=10.1038/nature08365 |pages=489–494|pmc=2842210 |pmid=19779445 |year=2009 |bibcode=2009Natur.461..489R|last1=Reich |first1=D. |last2=Thangaraj |first2=K. |last3=Patterson |first3=N. |last4=Price |first4=A. L. |last5=Singh |first5=L. }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ichg2011.org/cgi-bin/showdetail.pl?absno=20758 |title=Abstract/Presentation |publisher=Ichg2011.org |date=12 October 2011 |access-date=16 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120424050419/http://www.ichg2011.org/cgi-bin/showdetail.pl?absno=20758 |archive-date=24 April 2012 }}</ref> 700,000 people from the [[United States]] of any race live in India.<ref name="whitehouse.gov">{{Cite web|url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/fact-sheet-united-states-india-prosperity-partnership/|title=The United States and India – Prosperity Through Partnership|date=26 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026022035/https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/fact-sheet-united-states-india-prosperity-partnership/|archive-date=26 October 2020}}</ref> Between 300,000 and 1 million [[Anglo-Indians]] live in India.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Excluding and Including 'Natives of India': Early-Nineteenth-Century British-Indian Race Relations in Britain|first=Michael H.|last=Fisher|date=1 August 2007|journal=Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East|volume=27|issue=2|pages=303–314|via=Silverchair|doi=10.1215/1089201x-2007-007|s2cid=146613125 }}</ref> |
|||
India is a country with a vast diversity of ethnic groups, each with its own distinct culture, language, and traditions. The major ethnic groups in India include the Indo-Aryans, Dravidians, Sino-Tibetans, Austroasiatic peoples, and various indigenous tribes. These groups are spread across different regions of India, each contributing to the country's rich cultural mosaic. |
|||
=== Major Ethnic Groups === |
|||
==== Indo-Aryans and Aryanized People ==== |
|||
'''Geographical Distribution''': Predominantly in North India, including states like Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Bihar, and parts of Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra. |
|||
'''General Phenotype''': Indo-Aryans typically have light to medium to dark skin tones, with a range of hair colors from black to brown. Facial features can include prominent noses and well-defined bone structures. |
|||
'''Sources''': |
|||
* C. Majumdar, R. Mukherjee, "The History and Culture of the Indian People," Bhāratīya Itihāsa Samiti, 1951.<ref>Majumdar, C., & Mukherjee, R. (1951). ''The History and Culture of the Indian People.'' Bhāratīya Itihāsa Samiti.</ref> |
|||
* S. B. Singh, "The Indo-Aryans of Ancient South Asia," Cambridge University Press, 1995. ISBN 052141739X.<ref>Singh, S. B. (1995). ''The Indo-Aryans of Ancient South Asia.'' Cambridge University Press. ISBN 052141739X.</ref> |
|||
==== Dravidian People ==== |
|||
'''Geographical Distribution''': Predominantly in South India, including states like Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, and Kerala. |
|||
'''General Phenotype''': Dravidians generally have darker skin tones, curly to wavy hair, and distinct facial features such as broader noses and fuller lips. |
|||
'''Sources''': |
|||
* K. R. Subramanian, "The Dravidian Contribution to Indian Culture," Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, 1966.<ref>Subramanian, K. R. (1966). ''The Dravidian Contribution to Indian Culture.'' Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan.</ref> |
|||
* M. A. Rao, "History of South India," S. Chand & Company, 1976.<ref>Rao, M. A. (1976). ''History of South India''. S. Chand & Company.</ref> |
|||
==== Sino-Tibetan People ==== |
|||
'''Geographical Distribution''': Predominantly in Northeast India, including states like Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram, and parts of Sikkim. |
|||
'''General Phenotype''': Sino-Tibetan people often have lighter skin tones, straight black hair, and epicanthic folds in their eyelids, which are characteristic of East Asian phenotypes. |
|||
'''Sources''': |
|||
* H. Risley, "The Tribes and Castes of Bengal," Calcutta, 1891.<ref>Risley, H. (1891). ''The Tribes and Castes of Bengal.'' Calcutta.</ref> |
|||
* R. B. Singh, "Ethnic Groups of North-East India," Concept Publishing Company, 1994. ISBN 8170224974.<ref>Singh, R. B. (1994). ''Ethnic Groups of North-East India.'' Concept Publishing Company. ISBN 8170224974.</ref> |
|||
==== Austroasiatic Peoples ==== |
|||
'''Geographical Distribution''': Scattered across central and eastern India, with significant populations in Jharkhand, Odisha, West Bengal, and Chhattisgarh. |
|||
'''General Phenotype''': Austroasiatic people generally have light to medium to dark skin tones, wavy to curly hair, and facial features that are somewhat intermediate between Dravidian and Sino-Tibetan populations. |
|||
'''Sources''': |
|||
* D. Balakrishnan, "Austroasiatic and Other Languages of Eastern India," Calcutta University Press, 1961.<ref>Balakrishnan, D. (1961). ''Austroasiatic and Other Languages of Eastern India.'' Calcutta University Press.</ref> |
|||
* N. Chakrabarti, "The Austroasiatic Peoples of India," Anthropological Survey of India, 2003.<ref>Chakrabarti, N. (2003). ''The Austroasiatic Peoples of India.'' Anthropological Survey of India.</ref> |
|||
==== Negrito ==== |
|||
'''Geographical Distribution''': Primarily in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. |
|||
'''General Phenotype''': Negrito people typically have very dark skin, tightly curled hair, and small statures. |
|||
'''Sources''': |
|||
* L. A. Waddell, "The Tribes of the Andaman Islands," Cambridge University Press, 1901.<ref>Waddell, L. A. (1901). ''The Tribes of the Andaman Islands.'' Cambridge University Press.</ref> |
|||
* V. Ball, "Jungle Life in India," Dehli, 1972.<ref>Ball, V. (1972). ''Jungle Life in India''. Dehli.</ref> |
|||
== Genetics == |
|||
{{See also|Genetics and archaeogenetics of South Asia}} |
|||
=== Y-chromosome DNA === |
|||
<ref>{{cite journal |display-authors=et al |vauthors=Sahoo S, Singh A, Himabindu G |date=January 2006 |title=A prehistory of Indian Y chromosomes: Evaluating demic diffusion scenarios |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=103 |issue=4 |pages=843–8 |bibcode=2006PNAS..103..843S |doi=10.1073/pnas.0507714103 |pmc=1347984 |pmid=16415161 |doi-access=free}}</ref> |
|||
Y-Chromosome DNA [[Y-DNA]] represents the male lineage, The Indian [[Y-chromosome]] pool may be summarised as follows where [[haplogroup]]s [[Haplogroup R-M420 (Y-DNA)|R-M420]], [[Haplogroup H (Y-DNA)|H]], [[Haplogroup R2 (Y-DNA)|R2]], [[Haplogroup L (Y-DNA)|L]] and [[Haplogroup NOP (Y-DNA)|NOP]] comprise generally more than 80% of the total chromosomes.<ref>Hammer ''et al.''. 2005, S. Sahoo ''et al.''. 2006, R. Trivedi ''et al.''. 2007, Zhao ''et al.''. 2008</ref> |
|||
{| {{table}} |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Haplogroup H (Y-DNA)|H]] |
|||
| {{percentage bar|30}} |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Haplogroup R-M420 (Y-DNA)|R1a]] |
|||
| {{percentage bar|34}} |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Haplogroup R2 (Y-DNA)|R2]] |
|||
| {{percentage bar|15}} |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Haplogroup L (Y-DNA)|L]] |
|||
| {{percentage bar|10}} |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Haplogroup NOP (Y-DNA)|NOP]] |
|||
| {{percentage bar|10}} |
|||
| (Excluding R) |
|||
|- |
|||
| Other Haplogroups |
|||
| {{percentage bar|15}} |
|||
|} |
|||
=== Mitochondrial DNA === |
|||
<ref>{{cite web |title=1471-2148-5-26.fm |url=http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1471-2148-5-26.pdf |access-date=16 June 2013}}</ref> |
|||
Mitochondrial DNA [[mtDNA]] represents the female lineage. The Indian mitochondrial DNA is primarily made up of [[Haplogroup M (mtDNA)|Haplogroup M]]<ref>Semino ''et al.''. 2000, Kivisild ''et al.''. 2003, Metspalu ''et al.''. 2004, Rajkumar ''et al.''. 2005, Chandrasekar ''et al.''. 2007, Gonzalez ''et al.''. 2007</ref> |
|||
{| {{table}} |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Haplogroup M (mtDNA)|Haplogroup M]] |
|||
| {{percentage bar|60}} |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Haplogroup UK (mtDNA)|Haplogroup UK]] |
|||
| {{percentage bar|15}} |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Haplogroup N (mtDNA)|Haplogroup N]] |
|||
| {{percentage bar|25}} |
|||
| (Excluding UK) |
|||
|} |
|||
=== Autosomal DNA === |
|||
[[File:Cropped Tripuri.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Tripuri people|Tripuri]] children preparing for a dance performance. The Tripuris are a Tibeto-Burman ethnic group.]] |
|||
Numerous genomic studies have been conducted in the last 15 years to seek insights into India's demographic and cultural diversity. These studies paint a complex and conflicting picture. |
Numerous genomic studies have been conducted in the last 15 years to seek insights into India's demographic and cultural diversity. These studies paint a complex and conflicting picture. |
||
* In a 2003 study, Basu, Majumder ''et al''. have concluded on the basis of results obtained from [[mtDNA]], [[Y-chromosome]] and [[autosomal]] markers that "(1) there is an underlying unity of female lineages in India, indicating that the initial number of female settlers may have been small; (2) the tribal and the caste populations are highly differentiated; (3) the Austroasiatic tribals are the earliest settlers in India, providing support to one anthropological hypothesis while refuting some others; (4) a major wave of humans entered India through the northeast; (5) the Tibeto-Burman tribals share considerable genetic commonalities with the Austroasiatic tribals, supporting the hypothesis that they may have shared a common habitat in southern China, but the two groups of tribals can be differentiated on the basis of Y-chromosomal haplotypes; (6) the Dravidian speaking populations were possibly widespread throughout India but are regulated to South India now |
* In a 2003 study, Basu, Majumder ''et al.''. have concluded on the basis of results obtained from [[mtDNA]], [[Y-chromosome]] and [[autosomal]] markers that "(1) there is an underlying unity of female lineages in India, indicating that the initial number of female settlers may have been small; (2) the tribal and the caste populations are highly differentiated; (3) the Austroasiatic tribals are the earliest settlers in India, providing support to one anthropological hypothesis while refuting some others; (4) a major wave of humans entered India through the northeast; (5) the Tibeto-Burman tribals share considerable genetic commonalities with the Austroasiatic tribals, supporting the hypothesis that they may have shared a common habitat in southern China, but the two groups of tribals can be differentiated on the basis of Y-chromosomal haplotypes; (6) the Dravidian speaking populations were possibly widespread throughout India but are regulated to South India now; (7) formation of populations by fission that resulted in founder and drift effects have left their imprints on the genetic structures of contemporary populations; (8) the upper castes show closer genetic affinities with Central Asian populations, although those of southern India are more distant than those of northern India; (9) historical gene flow into India has contributed to a considerable obliteration of genetic histories of contemporary populations so that there is at present no clear congruence of genetic and geographical or sociocultural affinities."<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Basu |first1=A. |last2=Mukherjee |first2=N. |last3=Roy |first3=S. |last4=Sengupta |first4=S. |last5=Banerjee |first5=S. |last6=Chakraborty |first6=M. |last7=Dey |first7=B. |last8=Roy |first8=M. |last9=Roy |first9=B. |last10=Bhattacharyya |first10=N. P. |last11=Roychoudhury |first11=S. |last12=Majumder |first12=P. P. |year=2003 |title=Ethnic India: A Genomic View, With Special Reference to Peopling and Structure |url=http://genome.cshlp.org/content/13/10/2277.full |journal=Genome Research |publisher=Genome.cshlp.org |volume=13 |issue=10 |pages=2277–2290 |doi=10.1101/gr.1413403 |pmc=403703 |pmid=14525929 |access-date=16 June 2013}}</ref> |
||
* In a later 2010 review article, Majumder affirms some of these conclusions, introduces and revises some other. The ongoing studies, concludes Majumder, suggest India has served as the major early corridor for |
* In a later 2010 review article, Majumder affirms some of these conclusions, introduces and revises some other. The ongoing studies, concludes Majumder, suggest India has served as the major early corridor for geographical dispersal of modern humans from out-of-Africa. The archaeological and genetic traces of the earliest settlers in India has not provided any conclusive evidence. The tribal populations of India are older than the non-tribal populations. The autosomal differentiation and genetic diversity within India's caste populations at 0.04 is significantly lower than 0.14 for continental populations and 0.09 for 31 world population sets studied by Watkins ''et al.''., suggesting that while tribal populations were differentiated, the differentiation effects within India's caste population was less than previously thought. Majumder also concludes that recent studies suggest India has been a major contributor to the gene pool of southeast Asia.<ref name="mj1">{{cite journal |author=Majumder |date=23 February 2010 |title=The Human Genetic History of South Asia: A Review |journal=Current Biology |volume=20 |issue=4 |pages=R184-7 |bibcode=2010CBio...20.R184M |doi=10.1016/j.cub.2009.11.053 |pmid=20178765 |s2cid=1490419 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="w1">{{cite journal |author=Watkins |display-authors=etal |date=July 2003 |title=Genetic variation among world populations: inferences from 100 Alu insertion polymorphisms |journal=Genome Res. |volume=13 |issue=7 |pages=1607–18 |doi=10.1101/gr.894603 |pmc=403734 |pmid=12805277}}</ref> |
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* Another study covering a large sample of Indian populations allowed Watkins ''et al''. to examine eight Indian caste groups and four endogamous south Indian tribal populations. The Indian castes data show low between-group differences, while the tribal Indian groups show relatively high between-group differentiation. This suggests that people between Indian castes were not reproductively isolated, while Indian tribal populations experienced reproductive isolation and drift. Furthermore, the genetic [[fixation index]] data |
* Another study covering a large sample of Indian populations allowed Watkins ''et al.''. to examine eight Indian caste groups and four endogamous south Indian tribal populations. The Indian castes data show low between-group differences, while the tribal Indian groups show relatively high between-group differentiation. This suggests that people between Indian castes were not reproductively isolated, while Indian tribal populations experienced reproductive isolation and drift. Furthermore, the genetic [[fixation index]] data show historical genetic differentiation and segregation between Indian castes population is much smaller than those found in east Asia, Africa and other continental populations; while being similar to the genetic differentiation and segregation observed in European populations.<ref name="w1" /> |
||
* In 2006, Sahoo ''et al''. reported their analysis of genomic data on 936 Y-chromosomes representing 32 tribal and 45 caste groups from different regions of India. These scientists find that the haplogroup frequency distribution across the country, between different caste groups, was found to be predominantly driven by geographical, rather than cultural determinants. They conclude there is clear evidence for both large-scale immigration into ancient India of Sino-Tibetan speakers and language change of former Austroasiatic speakers, in the northeast Indian region.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Sahoo| |
* In 2006, Sahoo ''et al.''. reported their analysis of genomic data on 936 Y-chromosomes representing 32 tribal and 45 caste groups from different regions of India. These scientists find that the haplogroup frequency distribution across the country, between different caste groups, was found to be predominantly driven by geographical, rather than cultural determinants. They conclude there is clear evidence for both large-scale immigration into ancient India of Sino-Tibetan speakers and language change of former Austroasiatic speakers, in the northeast Indian region.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Sahoo |display-authors=etal |year=2006 |title=A prehistory of Indian Y-chromosomes: evaluating demic diffusion scenarios |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA |volume=103 |issue=4 |pages=843–848 |bibcode=2006PNAS..103..843S |doi=10.1073/pnas.0507714103 |pmc=1347984 |pmid=16415161 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Artis Zelmenis |year=2014 |title=Immigration for Indians to Europe; history & law |journal=Immigration World Guru |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=10–24}}</ref> |
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* The genome studies |
* The genome studies conducted up until 2010 have been on relatively small population sets. Many are from just one southeastern state of Andhra Pradesh (including Telangana, which was part of the state until June 2014). Thus, any conclusions on demographic history of India must be interpreted with caution. A larger national genome study with demographic growth and sex ratio balances may offer further insights on the extent of genetic differentiation and segregation in India over the millenniums.<ref name="mj1" /> |
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==See also== |
== See also == |
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{{ |
{{div col|colwidth=30em}} |
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* [[Census |
* [[Census in British India]] |
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* [[Culture of India]] |
* [[Culture of India]] |
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* [[Non-resident Indian and |
* [[Non-resident Indian and Overseas Citizen of India]] |
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* [[ |
* [[Immigration to India]] |
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* [[Demographics of Central Asia]] |
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* [[Female foeticide in India]] |
* [[Female foeticide in India]] |
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* [[Human population control]] |
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* [[Hinduism in India]] |
* [[Hinduism in India]] |
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* [[Jainism in India]] |
* [[Jainism in India]] |
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Line 1,504: | Line 5,993: | ||
* [[Islam in India]] |
* [[Islam in India]] |
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* [[Christianity in India]] |
* [[Christianity in India]] |
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*[[History of the Jews in India|Judaism in India]] |
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{{Div col end}} |
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* [[Zoroastrianism in India]] |
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* [[Irreligion in India]] |
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{{div col end}} |
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===Government=== |
=== Government === |
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* [[2011 |
* [[2011 Census of India]] |
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* [[National Commission on Population]] |
* [[National Commission on Population]] |
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===Lists=== |
=== Lists === |
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* [[List of most populous cities in India]] |
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* [[List of most populous metropolitan areas in India]] |
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* [[List of million-plus urban agglomerations in India]] |
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* [[List of states and union territories of India by population]] |
* [[List of states and union territories of India by population]] |
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* [[List of |
* [[List of states and union territories of India by fertility rate]] |
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* [[List of Indian states by life expectancy at birth]] |
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* [[List of cities in India by population]] |
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* [[List of metropolitan areas in India]] |
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* [[List of million-plus urban agglomerations in India]] |
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== Charts == |
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{{GraphChart |
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| width = 450 |
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| height = 150 |
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| xAxisTitle = year |
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| yAxisTitle = million |
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| yAxisMin = |
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| yGrid = 0,1 |
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| xGrid = 10 |
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| legend = |
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| type = line |
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| x = 1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021, 2022 |
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| y1 = 716,733,750,767,784,802,820,838,856,874,892,910,928,946,964,983,1001,1018,1036,1054,1071,1089,1106,1123,1140,1157,1134,1150,1166,1182,1198,1213, 1227, 1244, 1259, 1274, 1289, 1325, 1339, 1353, 1363 |
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| y1Title = population (million) |
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}} |
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{{GraphChart |
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| width = 450 |
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| height = 150 |
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| xAxisTitle = year |
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| yAxisTitle = ‰ |
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| yAxisMin = |
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| yGrid = 0,1 |
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| xGrid = 10 |
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| legend = |
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| hAnnotatonsLine = |
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| hAnnotatonsLabel = |
|||
| type = line |
|||
| x = 1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020, 2021, 2022 |
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| y1 = 21.4,21.9,21.8,21.3,21.1,21.5,21.2,20.5,20.3,20.5,19.5,18.9,19.4,19.4,19.3,18.4,18.3,17.5,17.3,17.3,17.0,16.9,16.8, 16.6, 16.2, 16.0, 15.7, 15.4, 15.2, 14.9, 14.7, 14.6, 14.4, 14.3, 14.3, 14.0, 13.9, 13.8, 13.7, 13.1, 12.6 |
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| y1Title = Natural growth ‰ |
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}} |
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{{GraphChart |
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| width = 450 |
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| height = 150 |
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| xAxisTitle = year |
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| yAxisTitle = TFR |
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| yAxisMin = |
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| yGrid = 0,1 |
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| xGrid = 10 |
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| legend = |
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| hAnnotatonsLine = 2.1 |
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| hAnnotatonsLabel = |
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| type = line |
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| x = 1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021, 2022 |
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| y1 = |
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4.52, 4.5, 4.5, 4.5, 4.3, 4.15, 4.1, 4.0, 3.9, 3.8, 3.64, 3.6, 3.5, 3.5, 3.5, 3.4, 3.3, 3.2, 3.2, 3.2, 3.10, 3.0, 3.0, 2.9, 2.9, 2.79, 2.7, 2.6, 2.6, 2.5, 2.44, 2.38, 2.34, 2.32, 2.27, 2.26, 2.18, 2.15, 2.08, 2.06, 1.99 |
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| y1Title = Total fertility rate |
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}} |
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== Notes == |
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{{reflist|group=note}} |
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== References == |
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{{Reflist}} |
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== |
== Bibliography == |
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{{Refbegin}} |
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{{Reflist|group=note}} |
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* Arnold, David. ''Pandemic India: From Cholera to COVID-19'' (Oxford University Press, 2022). {{Cite web |last=Venkatesh |first=Archana |date=January 2023 |title=Review of Arnold, David, Pandemic India: From Cholera to Covid-19 |url=http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=58263 |website=H-Net Reviews}} |
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* Chakravorty, Swastika, Srinivas Goli, and Kuriath S. James. "[https://scholar.google.com/scholar?output=instlink&q=info:klshTLKx0HQJ:scholar.google.com/&hl=en&as_sdt=0,27&scillfp=11120507983704651524&oi=lle Family demography in India: Emerging patterns and its challenges]". ''Sage Open'' 11.2 (2021): {{doi|10.1177/2158244021100817}}. |
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*{{Citation |
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| last1=Chamie | first1=Joseph |
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| last2=Mirkin | first2=Barry |
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| title=Busting at the seams: India is unprepared for a near future when it will be the world's most populous country |
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| url=https://qz.com/1051533/india-is-unprepared-for-a-near-future-when-it-will-be-the-worlds-most-populous-country/ |
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|website=Quartz |
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| date= August 2017}}. Joseph Chamie is former director of the [[United Nations Population Division]] and Barry Mirkin is former chief of the Population Policy Section of the United Nations Population Division. |
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* Chandrasekhar, S., and Ajay Sharma. "[https://www.shram.org/uploadFiles/20140521010420.pdf Urbanization and spatial patterns of internal migration in India]". ''Spatial demography'' 3.2 (2015): 63–89. |
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* Sekher, T. V. "Rural demography of India". in '' International handbook of rural demography'' (Springer, Dordrecht, 2012) pp. 169–189. |
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* Smith, Robert D., and Mohandas K. Mallath. "[https://ascopubs.org/doi/pdfdirect/10.1200/JGO.19.00048 History of the growing burden of cancer in India: from antiquity to the 21st century]". ''Journal of Global Oncology'' 5 (2019): 1–15. |
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;Medieval India |
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==References== |
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*Lal, K. S. (1978). Growth of Muslim population in medieval India (A.D. 1000–1800). Delhi, Research Publications. |
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{{Reflist|30em}} |
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*Lal, K. S. (1995). Growth of scheduled tribes and castes in medieval India. New Delhi: Aditya Prakashan. |
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{{Refend}} |
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==External links== |
== External links == |
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{{Wikiquote}} |
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* [http://www.censusindia.gov.in/ Census of India]; government site with detailed data from 2001 census |
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* [ |
* [https://censusindia.gov.in/census.website/ Census of India]; government site with detailed data from 2001 census |
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* [https://ansi.gov.in Anthropological Survey of India] |
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* [https://www.censusindia2011.com/ Population of India as per Census India 2011] |
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* [https://web.archive.org/web/20081225091939/http://www.censusindiamaps.net/ Census of India map generator]; generates maps based on 2001 census figures |
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* [http://www.demographie.net/demographicdata/ Demographic data for India]; provides sources of demographic data for India |
* [http://www.demographie.net/demographicdata/ Demographic data for India]; provides sources of demographic data for India |
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* [http://www.demographie.net/atlas2001 2001 maps]; provides maps of social, economic and demographic data of India in 2001 |
* [http://www.demographie.net/atlas2001 2001 maps]; provides maps of social, economic and demographic data of India in 2001 |
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* [http://populationindia.wordpress.com/2011/04/10/population-of-india-2011-image/ Population of India 2011 map]; distribution of population amongst states and union territories |
* [https://archive.today/20121225224231/http://populationindia.wordpress.com/2011/04/10/population-of-india-2011-image/ Population of India 2011 map]; distribution of population amongst states and union territories |
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* [http://www.nbr.org/research/activity.aspx?id=195 India's Demographic Outlook: Implications and Trends] |
* [http://www.nbr.org/research/activity.aspx?id=195 India's Demographic Outlook: Implications and Trends] |
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* "[https://www.newsmic.com/countries/India.php World Population Prospects] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230101173305/https://www.newsmic.com/countries/India.php |date=1 January 2023 }}": Country Profile – India |
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* [http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/country-profiles/pdf/356.pdf United Nations "World Population Prospects": Country Profile - India] |
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* [http://www.quandl.com/demography/india-all-demographic-indicators Aggregated demographic statistics from Indian and global data sources] |
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20131114074733/http://www.quandl.com/demography/india-all-demographic-indicators Aggregated demographic statistics from Indian and global data sources] |
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* [http://www.bluenomics.com/data#!data/demographics_and_society/key_indicators_13/population/population_annual_total%7Cchart/line$countries=india&sorting=list//title Demographic statistics for India |
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20141117072912/http://www.bluenomics.com/data#!data/demographics_and_society/key_indicators_13/population/population_annual_total%7Cchart/line$countries=india&sorting=list//title Demographic statistics for India – online on Bluenomics] |
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* [http://itbulk.org/population/population-projection-by-country/ India comparing with China population projection graph] Based on data from database of UN Population Division |
* [https://archive.today/20150220095949/http://itbulk.org/population/population-projection-by-country/ India comparing with China population projection graph] Based on data from database of UN Population Division. |
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{{Ethnic groups in India}} |
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{{Life in India}} |
{{Life in India}} |
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{{Economy of India topics}} |
{{Economy of India topics}} |
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{{Asia in topic|Demographics of}} |
{{Asia in topic|Demographics of}} |
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{{Census of India}} |
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[[Category:Ethnic groups in India]] |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Demographics Of India}} |
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[[Category:Demographics of India| ]] |
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[[Category:Demographic history of India]] |
[[Category:Demographic history of India]] |
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[[Category:Demographics of India| ]] |
Latest revision as of 16:34, 24 December 2024
Demographics of India | |
---|---|
Population | 1,425,775,850[1]
(April 2023 est.) 1,428,627,663[2] (Mid-year 2023 est.) |
Density | 473.42 people per km2 (2021 est.)[3] |
Growth rate | 0.68% (2022 est.)[3] |
Birth rate | 16.1 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)[3] |
Death rate | 6.6 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)[3] |
Life expectancy | 72.03 years (2023 est.)[2] |
• male | 70.5 years (2023 est.) |
• female | 73.6 years (2023 est.) |
Fertility rate | 2.00 children born per woman (2023)[3] |
Infant mortality rate | 29.94 deaths/1,000 live births (2018)[4] |
Net migration rate | 0.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.) |
Age structure | |
0–14 years | 25.68% (male 183,695,000/female 166,295,000) (2021 est.) |
15–64 years | 67.49% (male 472,653,000/female 447,337,000) (2021 est.) |
65 and over | 6.83% (male 44,275,000/female 48,751,000) (2021 est.) |
Sex ratio | |
Total | 1.06 male(s)/female (2023)[5] |
At birth | 1.1 male(s)/female (2023)[5] |
Under 15 | 1.11 male(s)/female (2023)[5] |
15–64 years | 1.07 male(s)/female (2023 est.) |
65 and over | 0.85 male(s)/female (2023)[5] |
Nationality | |
Nationality | Indian |
Major ethnic |
|
Minor ethnic |
|
Language | |
Official | See Languages of India |
Spoken |
India is the most populous country in the world with one-sixth of the world's population. According to estimates from the United Nations (UN), India has overtaken China as the country with the largest population in the world, with a population of 1,425,775,850 at the end of April 2023.[6][7][8][9]
Between 1975 and 2010, the population doubled to 1.2 billion, reaching the billion mark in 2000. According to the UN's World Population dashboard, India's population now stands at slightly over 1.428 billion, edging past China's population of 1.425 billion people, as reported by the news agency Bloomberg.[9] In 2015, India's population was predicted to reach 1.7 billion by 2050.[10][11] In 2017 its population growth rate was 0.98%, ranking 112th in the world; in contrast, from 1972 to 1983, India's population grew by an annual rate of 2.3%.[12]
In 2023, the median age of an Indian was 29.5 years,[13] compared to 39.8 for China and 49.5 for Japan; and, by 2030; India's dependency ratio will be just over 0.4.[14] However, the number of children in India peaked more than a decade ago and is now falling. The number of children under the age of five peaked in 2007, and since then the number has been falling. The number of Indians under 15 years old peaked slightly later (in 2011) and is now also declining.[15]
India has many ethnic groups,[16] and every major religion is represented, as are four major families of languages (Indo-European, Dravidian, Austroasiatic and Sino-Tibetan languages) as well as two language isolates: the Nihali language,[17] spoken in parts of Maharashtra, and the Burushaski language, spoken in parts of Jammu and Kashmir. 1,000,000 people in India are Anglo-Indians and between 25,000 and 70,000 people are Siddhis,who are descendants of Bantu slaves brought by Arabs, Persians and Portuguese to the western coast of India during the Middle Ages and the colonial period. They represent over 0.1% of the total population of India. Overall, only the continent of Africa exceeds the linguistic, genetic and cultural diversity of the nation of India.[18]
The sex ratio was 944 females for 1000 males in 2016, and 940 per 1000 in 2011.[19] This ratio has been showing an upwards trend for the last two decades after a continuous decline in the 20th century.[20]
History
[edit]Prehistory to early 19th century
[edit]The following table lists estimates for the population of India (including what are now Pakistan and Bangladesh) from prehistory up until 1820. It includes estimates and growth rates according to five economic historians, along with interpolated estimates and overall aggregate averages derived from their estimates.[21] [22]
Year | Maddison (2001)[23] | Clark (1967)[24][25][26] | Biraben (1979)[25][27][28] | Durand (1974)[29][25] | McEvedy (1978)[30][25] | Aggregate average | Period | Average % growth / century | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Population | % growth / century |
Population | % growth / century |
Population | % growth / century |
Population | % growth / century |
Population | % growth / century |
Population | % growth / century | |||
10,000 BC | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 100,000 | — | 100,000 | — | Stone Age | 3.9 |
4000 BC | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1,000,000 | 3.9 | 1,000,000 | 3.9 | ||
2000 BC | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 6,000,000 | 9.4 | 6,000,000 | 9.4 | Bronze Age | 9.4 |
500 BC | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 25,000,000 | 10 | 25,000,000 | 10 | Iron Age | 10.2 |
400 BC | — | — | — | — | 30,000,000 | — | — | — | 26,600,000 | 6.3 | 28,300,000 | 13.2 | ||
200 BC | — | — | — | — | 55,000,000 | 35.4 | — | — | 30,000,000 | 6.3 | 42,500,000 | 22.5 | Maurya era | 22.5 |
1 AD | 75,000,000 | — | 70,000,000 | — | 46,000,000 | –9.3 | 75,000,000 | — | 34,000,000 | 6.5 | 60,000,000 | 18.8 | Classical era |
5.3 |
200 | 75,000,000 | 0 | 72,500,000 | 1.7 | 45,000,000 | –1.1 | 75,000,000 | 0 | 39,000,000 | 7.1 | 61,300,000 | 1.1 | ||
400 | 75,000,000 | 0 | 75,000,000 | 1.7 | 32,000,000 | –18.6 | 75,000,000 | 0 | 45,000,000 | 7.4 | 60,400,000 | –0.7 | ||
500 | 75,000,000 | 0 | 75,000,000 | 0 | 33,000,000 | 3.1 | 75,000,000 | 0 | 48,000,000 | 6.5 | 61,200,000 | 1.3 | ||
600 | 75,000,000 | 0 | 75,000,000 | 0 | 37,000,000 | 12.1 | 75,000,000 | 0 | 51,000,000 | 6.5 | 62,600,000 | 2.3 | Early medieval era |
1.9 |
700 | 75,000,000 | 0 | 75,000,000 | 0 | 50,000,000 | 35.1 | 75,000,000 | 0 | 56,500,000 | 10.3 | 66,300,000 | 5.9 | ||
800 | 75,000,000 | 0 | 75,000,000 | 0 | 43,000,000 | –16.3 | 75,000,000 | 0 | 62,000,000 | 10.3 | 66,000,000 | –0.5 | ||
900 | 75,000,000 | 0 | 72,500,000 | –3.5 | 38,000,000 | –13.2 | 75,000,000 | 0 | 69,500,000 | 11.4 | 66,000,000 | 0 | ||
1000 | 75,000,000 | 0 | 70,000,000 | –3.5 | 40,000,000 | 5.3 | 75,000,000 | 0 | 77,000,000 | 11.4 | 67,400,000 | 2.1 | ||
1100 | 81,000,000 | 8 | 72,500,000 | 3.5 | 51,000,000 | 27.5 | 81,300,000 | 8.4 | 80,000,000 | 3.9 | 73,200,000 | 8.6 | Late medieval era |
8.1 |
1200 | 87,500,000 | 8 | 75,000,000 | 3.5 | 65,100,000 | 27.5 | 88,200,000 | 8.4 | 83,000,000 | 3.8 | 79,800,000 | 9 | ||
1300 | 94,500,000 | 8 | 75,000,000 | 0 | 83,000,000 | 27.5 | 95,700,000 | 8.4 | 88,000,000 | 6 | 87,200,000 | 9.3 | ||
1400 | 102,000,000 | 8 | 77,000,000 | 3.3 | 88,800,000 | 7 | 103,700,000 | 8.4 | 94,000,000 | 6.8 | 92,900,000 | 7 | ||
1500 | 110,000,000 | 8 | 79,000,000 | 3.3 | 95,000,000 | 7 | 112,500,000 | 8.4 | 100,000,000 | 6.4 | 99,300,000 | 7 | ||
1600 | 135,000,000 | 22.8 | 100,000,000 | 26.6 | 145,000,000 | 52.6 | 135,800,000 | 20.7 | 130,000,000 | 30 | 129,200,000 | 30.1 | Mughal era | 31.9 |
1650 | 150,000,000 | 22.2 | 150,000,000 | 125 | 160,000,000 | 20.7 | 149,100,000 | 20.7 | 145,000,000 | 24.4 | 150,800,000 | 36.2 | ||
1700 | 165,000,000 | 22.2 | 200,000,000 | 77.8 | 175,000,000 | 20.7 | 163,900,000 | 20.7 | 160,000,000 | 21.8 | 172,800,000 | 31.3 | ||
1750 | 182,100,000 | 21.8 | 200,000,000 | 0 | 182,700,000 | 9 | 180,000,000 | 20.7 | 170,000,000 | 12.9 | 183,000,000 | 12.1 | Colonial era |
12.2 |
1800 | 200,900,000 | 21.8 | 190,000,000 | –10.8 | 190,700,000 | 9 | — | — | 185,000,000 | 18.4 | 190,400,000 | 8 | ||
1820 | 209,000,000 | 21.8 | 190,000,000 | 0 | 194,000,000 | 9 | — | — | 200,000,000 | 47.7 | 198,300,000 | 22 |
The population grew from the South Asian Stone Age in 10,000 BC to the Maurya Empire in 200 BC at a steadily increasing growth rate,[31] before population growth slowed down in the classical era up to 500 AD, and then became largely stagnant during the early medieval era era up to 1000 AD.[23][25] The population growth rate then increased in the late medieval era (during the Delhi Sultanate) from 1000 to 1500.[23][25]
Under the Mughal Empire, India experienced a high economic and demographic upsurge,[31] due to Mughal agrarian reforms that intensified agricultural production.[32] 15% of the population lived in urban centres, higher than the percentage of the population in 19th-century British India[33] and contemporary Europe[33] up until the 19th century.[34] These estimates by Abraham Eraly[33] and Paolo Malanima[34] have been criticised by Tim Dyson, who considers them exaggerations and estimates urbanisation of the Mughal Empire to be less than 9% of the population.[35]
Under the reign of Akbar (reigned 1556–1605) in 1600, the Mughal Empire's urban population was up to 17 million people, larger than the urban population in Europe.[36] By 1700, Mughal India had an urban population of 23 million people, larger than British India's urban population of 22.3 million in 1871.[37] Nizamuddin Ahmad (1551–1621) reported that, under Akbar's reign, Mughal India had 120 large cities and 3,200 townships.[33] A number of cities in India had a population between a quarter-million and half-million people,[33] with larger cities including Agra (in Agra Subah) with up to 800,000 people[38] and Dhaka (in Bengal Subah) with over 1 million people.[39] Mughal India also had a large number of villages, with 455,698 villages by the time of Aurangzeb (reigned 1658–1707).[36]
Late 19th century to early 20th century
[edit]The total fertility rate is the number of children born per woman. It is based on fairly good data for the entire years. Sources: Our World in Data and Gapminder Foundation.[40]
Years | 1880 | 1881 | 1882 | 1883 | 1884 | 1885 | 1886 | 1887 | 1888 | 1889 | 1890 | 1902[40] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total Fertility Rate in India | 5.95 | 5.92 | 5.89 | 5.86 | 5.82 | 5.79 | 4.38 | 5.76 | 5.76 | 5.75 | 5.75 | 5.75 |
Years | 1921 | 1922 | 1923 | 1924 | 1925 | 1926 | 1927 | 1928 | 1929 | 1930[40] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total Fertility Rate in India | 5.761 | 5.77 | 5.78 | 5.79 | 5.8 | 5.81 | 5.82 | 5.83 | 5.85 | 5.86 |
Life expectancy from 1881 to 1950
Years | 1881 | 1891 | 1901 | 1905 | 1911 | 1915 | 1921 | 1925 | 1931 | 1935 | 1941 | 1950[41] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Life expectancy in India | 25.4 | 24.3 | 23.5 | 24.0 | 23.2 | 24.0 | 24.9 | 27.6 | 29.3 | 31.0 | 32.6 | 35.4 |
The population of India under the British Raj (including what are now Pakistan and Bangladesh) according to censuses:
Census year | Population | Growth (%) |
---|---|---|
1871[42] | 238,830,958 | — |
1881[43] | 253,896,330 | 6.3 |
1891[42] | 287,223,431 | 13.1 |
1901[42] | 293,550,310 | 2.2 |
1911[44] | 315,156,396 | 7.4 |
1921[44] | 318,942,480 | 1.2 |
1931[44] | 352,837,778 | 10.6 |
1941[44] | 388,997,955 | 10.2 |
Studies of India's population since 1881 have focused on such topics as total population, birth and death rates, geographic distribution, literacy, the rural and urban divide, cities of a million, and the three cities with populations over eight million: Delhi, Greater Mumbai (Bombay), and Kolkata (Calcutta).[45]
Mortality rates fell in the period 1920–45, primarily due to biological immunisation. Suggestions that it was the benefits of colonialism are refuted by academic thinking: "There can be no serious, informed belief... that... late colonial era mortality diminished and population grew rapidly because of improvements in income, living standards, nutrition, environmental standards, sanitation or health policies, nor was there a cultural transformation...".[46]
Characteristics
[edit]India occupies 2.41% of the world's land area but supports over 18% of the world's population. At the 2001 census 72.2% of the population[50] lived in about 638,000 villages[51] and the remaining 27.8%[50] lived in more than 5,100 towns and over 380 urban agglomerations.[52]
India's population exceeded that of the entire continent of Africa by 200 million people in 2010.[53] However, because Africa's population growth is extremely high compared to the rest of the world,[54][55] it is expected to surpass both China and India by the early 2030s.[56]
Comparative demographics
[edit]Category | Global ranking | References |
---|---|---|
Area | 7th | [57] |
Population | 1st | [57] |
Population growth rate | 102nd of 212 | in 2010[58] |
Population density | 24th of 212 | in 2010[58] |
Male to Female ratio, at birth | 12th of 214 | in 2009[59] |
List of states and union territories by demographics
[edit]Census year | Population | Change (%) |
---|---|---|
1951 | 361,088,003 | – |
1961 | 439,235,000 | 21.6 |
1971 | 548,160,000 | 24.8 |
1981 | 683,329,000 | 24.7 |
1991 | 846,387,888 | 23.9 |
2001 | 1,028,737,436 | 21.5 |
2011 | 1,210,193,422 | 17.7 |
Rank | State/UT | Population[61] | Percent (%) | Male | Female | Difference between male and female | Sex ratio | Rural[62] | Urban[62] | Area[63] (km2) | Density (per km2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Uttar Pradesh | 199,812,341 | 16.50 | 104,480,510 | 95,331,831 | 9,148,679 | 930 | 155,111,022 | 44,470,455 | 240,928 | 828 |
2 | Maharashtra | 112,374,333 | 9.28 | 58,243,056 | 54,131,277 | 4,111,779 | 929 | 61,545,441 | 50,827,531 | 307,713 | 365 |
3 | Bihar | 104,099,452 | 8.60 | 54,278,157 | 49,821,295 | 4,456,862 | 918 | 92,075,028 | 11,729,609 | 94,163 | 1,102 |
4 | West Bengal | 91,276,115 | 7.54 | 46,809,027 | 44,467,088 | 2,341,939 | 950 | 62,213,676 | 29,134,060 | 88,752 | 1,030 |
5 | Madhya Pradesh | 72,626,809 | 6.00 | 37,612,306 | 35,014,503 | 2,597,803 | 931 | 52,537,899 | 20,059,666 | 308,245 | 236 |
6 | Tamil Nadu | 72,147,030 | 5.96 | 36,137,975 | 36,009,055 | 128,920 | 996 | 37,189,229 | 34,949,729 | 130,058 | 555 |
7 | Rajasthan | 68,548,437 | 5.66 | 35,550,997 | 32,997,440 | 2,553,557 | 928 | 51,540,236 | 17,080,776 | 342,239 | 201 |
8 | Karnataka | 61,095,297 | 5.05 | 30,966,657 | 30,128,640 | 838,017 | 973 | 37,552,529 | 23,578,175 | 191,791 | 319 |
9 | Gujarat | 60,439,692 | 4.99 | 31,491,260 | 28,948,432 | 2,542,828 | 919 | 34,670,817 | 25,712,811 | 196,024 | 308 |
10 | Andhra Pradesh | 49,386,799 | 4.08 | 24,738,068 | 24,648,731 | 89,337 | 996 | 34,776,389 | 14,610,410 | 160,205 | 308 |
11 | Odisha | 41,974,218 | 3.47 | 21,212,136 | 20,762,082 | 450,054 | 979 | 34,951,234 | 6,996,124 | 155,707 | 269 |
12 | Telangana | 35,193,978 | 2.91 | 17,704,078 | 17,489,900 | 214,178 | 988 | 21,585,313 | 13,608,665 | 114,840 | 307 |
13 | Kerala | 33,406,061 | 2.76 | 16,027,412 | 17,378,649 | −1,351,237 | 1084 | 17,445,506 | 15,932,171 | 38,863 | 859 |
14 | Jharkhand | 32,988,134 | 2.72 | 16,930,315 | 16,057,819 | 872,496 | 948 | 25,036,946 | 7,929,292 | 79,714 | 414 |
15 | Assam | 31,205,576 | 2.58 | 15,939,443 | 15,266,133 | 673,310 | 958 | 26,780,526 | 4,388,756 | 78,438 | 397 |
16 | Punjab | 27,743,338 | 2.29 | 14,639,465 | 13,103,873 | 1,535,592 | 895 | 17,316,800 | 10,387,436 | 50,362 | 550 |
17 | Chhattisgarh | 25,545,198 | 2.11 | 12,832,895 | 12,712,303 | 120,592 | 991 | 19,603,658 | 5,936,538 | 135,191 | 189 |
18 | Haryana | 25,351,462 | 2.09 | 13,494,734 | 11,856,728 | 1,638,006 | 879 | 16,531,493 | 8,821,588 | 44,212 | 573 |
19 | Delhi (UT) | 16,787,941 | 1.39 | 8,887,326 | 7,800,615 | 1,086,711 | 868 | 944,727 | 12,905,780 | 1,484 | 11,297 |
20 | Jammu and Kashmir | 12,541,302 | 1.04 | 6,640,662 | 5,900,640 | 740,022 | 889 | 9,134,820 | 3,414,106 | 222,236 | 56 |
21 | Uttarakhand | 10,086,292 | 0.83 | 5,137,773 | 4,948,519 | 189,254 | 963 | 7,025,583 | 3,091,169 | 53,483 | 189 |
22 | Himachal Pradesh | 6,864,602 | 0.57 | 3,481,873 | 3,382,729 | 99,144 | 972 | 6,167,805 | 688,704 | 55,673 | 123 |
23 | Tripura | 3,673,917 | 0.30 | 1,874,376 | 1,799,541 | 74,835 | 960 | 2,710,051 | 960,981 | 10,486 | 350 |
24 | Meghalaya | 2,966,889 | 0.25 | 1,491,832 | 1,475,057 | 16,775 | 989 | 2,368,971 | 595,036 | 22,429 | 132 |
25 | Manipur | 2,855,794 | 0.24 | 1,438,687 | 1,417,107 | 21,580 | 985 | 1,899,624 | 822,132 | 22,327 | 128 |
26 | Nagaland | 1,978,502 | 0.16 | 1,024,649 | 953,853 | 70,796 | 931 | 1,406,861 | 573,741 | 16,579 | 119 |
27 | Goa | 1,458,545 | 0.12 | 739,140 | 719,405 | 19,735 | 973 | 551,414 | 906,309 | 3,702 | 394 |
28 | Arunachal Pradesh | 1,383,727 | 0.11 | 713,912 | 669,815 | 44,097 | 938 | 1,069,165 | 313,446 | 83,743 | 17 |
29 | Puducherry (UT) | 1,247,953 | 0.10 | 612,511 | 635,442 | −22,931 | 1037 | 394,341 | 850,123 | 479 | 2,598 |
30 | Mizoram | 1,097,206 | 0.09 | 555,339 | 541,867 | 13,472 | 976 | 529,037 | 561,997 | 21,081 | 52 |
31 | Chandigarh (UT) | 1,055,450 | 0.09 | 580,663 | 474,787 | 105,876 | 818 | 29,004 | 1,025,682 | 114 | 9,252 |
32 | Sikkim | 610,577 | 0.05 | 323,070 | 287,507 | 35,563 | 890 | 455,962 | 151,726 | 7,096 | 86 |
33 | Andaman and Nicobar Islands (UT) | 380,581 | 0.03 | 202,871 | 177,710 | 25,161 | 876 | 244,411 | 135,533 | 8,249 | 46 |
34 | Dadra and Nagar Haveli (UT) | 343,709 | 0.03 | 193,760 | 149,949 | 43,811 | 774 | 183,024 | 159,829 | 491 | 698 |
35 | Daman and Diu (UT) | 243,247 | 0.02 | 150,301 | 92,946 | 57,355 | 618 | 60,331 | 182,580 | 112 | 2,169 |
36 | Lakshadweep (UT) | 64,473 | 0.01 | 33,123 | 31,350 | 1,773 | 946 | 14,121 | 50,308 | 32 | 2,013 |
– | Total (India) | 1,210,854,977 | 100 | 623,724,248 | 586,469,174 | 35,585,741 | 943 | 833,087,662 | 377,105,760 | 3,287,240 | 382 |
Religious demographics
[edit]The table below summarises India's demographics (excluding the Mao-Maram, Paomata and Purul subdivisions of Senapati district of Manipur state due to cancellation of census results) according to religion at the 2011 census in per cent. The data are "unadjusted" (without excluding Assam and Jammu and Kashmir); the 1981 census was not conducted in Assam and the 1991 census was not conducted in Jammu and Kashmir. Missing citing/reference for "Changes in religious demagraphics over time" table below.
Religion | Population | Percentage (%) |
---|---|---|
Hindus | 966,378,868 | |
Muslims | 172,245,158 | |
Christians | 27,819,588 | |
Sikhs | 20,833,116 | |
Buddhists | 8,442,972 | |
Jains | 4,451,753 | |
Others | 7,937,734 | |
Not Stated | 2,867,303 |
Year | Hindus | Muslims | Christians | Sikhs | Buddhists | Jainis | Zoroastrians | Others/ Religion not specified |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1951 | ||||||||
1961 | ||||||||
1971 | ||||||||
1981 | ||||||||
1991 | ||||||||
2001 | ||||||||
2011[65] | — |
Religious group |
Population (2011) % |
Growth (2001–2011)[66][67] |
Sex ratio (2011) | Literacy (2011) (%)[68] |
Work participation (2011) (%)[69][70] | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
total[69] | rural | urban | child[71] | |||||
Hinduism | 79.80% | 16.8% | 939 | 946 | 921 | 913 | 73.3% | 41.0% |
Islam | 14.23% | 24.6% | 951 | 957 | 941 | 943 | 68.5% | 32.6% |
Christianity | 2.30% | 15.5% | 1023 | 1008 | 1046 | 958 | 84.5% | 41.9% |
Sikhism | 1.72% | 8.4% | 903 | 905 | 898 | 828 | 75.4% | 36.3% |
Buddhism | 0.70% | 6.1% | 965 | 960 | 973 | 933 | 81.3% | 43.1% |
Jainism | 0.37% | 5.4% | 954 | 935 | 959 | 889 | 94.9% | 35.5% |
Others/Religion Not Specified | 0.90% | n/a | 959 | 947 | 975 | 974 | n/a | n/a |
Neonatal and infant demographics
[edit]The table below represents the infant mortality rate trends in India, based on sex, over the last 15 years. In the urban areas of India, average male infant mortality rates are slightly higher than average female infant mortality rates.[74]
Year | Male | Female | Total |
---|---|---|---|
1998[75] | 69.8 | 73.5 | 71.6 |
2005[74] | 56.3 | 58 | 57[76] |
2009[77] | 49 | 52 | — |
2014[78] | 43.7 | 37.90 | 40.7[76] |
2018[79] | 29.95 | 29.88 | 29.94[79] |
India's 2011 census shows a serious decline in the number of girls under the age of seven – activists posit that eight million female fetuses may have been aborted between 2001 and 2011.[80]
Population within the age group of 0–6
[edit]State or UT code | State or UT | Total | Male | Female | Difference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Jammu and Kashmir | 2,008,670 | 1,080,662 | 927,982 | 152,680 |
2 | Himachal Pradesh | 763,864 | 400,681 | 363,183 | 37,498 |
3 | Punjab | 2,941,570 | 1,593,262 | 1,348,308 | 244,954 |
4 | Chandigarh | 117,953 | 63,187 | 54,766 | 8,421 |
5 | Uttarakhand | 1,328,844 | 704,769 | 624,075 | 80,694 |
6 | Haryana | 3,297,724 | 1,802,047 | 1,495,677 | 306,370 |
7 | Delhi | 1,970,510 | 1,055,735 | 914,775 | 140,960 |
8 | Rajasthan | 10,504,916 | 5,580,212 | 4,924,004 | 656,208 |
9 | Uttar Pradesh | 29,728,235 | 15,653,175 | 14,075,060 | 1,578,115 |
10 | Bihar | 18,582,229 | 9,615,280 | 8,966,949 | 648,331 |
11 | Sikkim | 61,077 | 31,418 | 29,659 | 1,759 |
12 | Arunachal Pradesh | 202,759 | 103,430 | 99,330 | 4,100 |
13 | Nagaland | 285,981 | 147,111 | 138,870 | 8,241 |
14 | Manipur | 353,237 | 182,684 | 170,553 | 12,131 |
15 | Mizoram | 165,536 | 83,965 | 81,571 | 2,394 |
16 | Tripura | 444,055 | 227,354 | 216,701 | 10,653 |
17 | Meghalaya | 555,822 | 282,189 | 273,633 | 8,556 |
18 | Assam | 4,511,307 | 2,305,088 | 2,206,219 | 98,869 |
19 | West Bengal | 10,112,599 | 5,187,264 | 4,925,335 | 261,929 |
20 | Jharkhand | 5,237,582 | 2,695,921 | 2,541,661 | 154,260 |
21 | Odisha | 5,035,650 | 2,603,208 | 2,432,442 | 170,766 |
22 | Chhattisgarh | 3,584,028 | 1,824,987 | 1,759,041 | 65,946 |
23 | Madhya Pradesh | 10,548,295 | 5,516,957 | 5,031,338 | 485,619 |
24 | Gujarat | 7,564,464 | 3,974,286 | 3,519,890 | 454,396 |
25 | Daman and Diu | 25,880 | 13,556 | 12,314 | 1,242 |
26 | Dadra and Nagar Haveli | 49,196 | 25,575 | 23,621 | 1,954 |
27 | Maharashtra | 12,848,375 | 6,822,262 | 6,026,113 | 796,149 |
28 | Andhra Pradesh | 8,642,686 | 4,448,330 | 4,194,356 | 253,974 |
29 | Karnataka | 6,855,801 | 3,527,844 | 3,327,957 | 199,887 |
30 | Goa | 139,495 | 72,669 | 66,826 | 5,843 |
31 | Lakshadweep | 7,088 | 3,715 | 3,373 | 342 |
32 | Kerala | 3,322,247 | 1,695,889 | 1,626,358 | 69,531 |
33 | Tamil Nadu | 6,894,821 | 3,542,351 | 3,352,470 | 189,881 |
34 | Puducherry | 127,610 | 64,932 | 62,678 | 2,254 |
35 | Andaman and Nicobar Islands | 39,497 | 20,094 | 19,403 | 691 |
– | Total (India) | 158,789,287 | 82,952,135 | 75,837,152 | 7,114,983 |
Population above the age of seven
[edit]State or UT code | State or UT | Total | Male | Female |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Jammu and Kashmir | – | – | – |
2 | Himachal Pradesh | – | – | – |
3 | Punjab | – | – | – |
4 | Chandigarh | – | – | – |
5 | Uttarakhand | – | – | – |
6 | Haryana | 22,055,357 | 11,703,083 | 10,352,274 |
7 | Delhi | 14,782,725 | 7,920,675 | 6,862,050 |
8 | Rajasthan | 58,116,096 | 30,039,874 | 28,076,222 |
9 | Uttar Pradesh | 169,853,242 | 88,943,240 | 80,910,002 |
10 | Bihar | 85,222,408 | 44,570,067 | 40,652,341 |
11 | Sikkim | 546,611 | 290,243 | 256,368 |
12 | Arunachal Pradesh | 1,179,852 | 616,802 | 563,050 |
13 | Nagaland | 1,694,621 | 878,596 | 816,025 |
14 | Manipur | 2,368,519 | 1,187,080 | 1,181,439 |
15 | Mizoram | 925,478 | 468,374 | 457,104 |
16 | Tripura | 3,226,977 | 1,644,513 | 1,582,464 |
17 | Meghalaya | 2,408,185 | 1,210,479 | 1,197,706 |
18 | Assam | 26,657,965 | 13,649,839 | 13,008,126 |
19 | West Bengal | 81,235,137 | 41,740,125 | 39,495,012 |
20 | Jharkhand | 27,728,656 | 14,235,767 | 13,492,889 |
21 | Odisha | 36,911,708 | 18,598,470 | 18,313,238 |
22 | Chhattisgarh | 21,956,168 | 11,002,928 | 10,953,240 |
23 | Madhya Pradesh | 62,049,270 | 32,095,963 | 29,953,307 |
24 | Gujarat | 52,889,452 | 27,507,996 | 25,381,456 |
25 | Daman and Diu | 217,031 | 136,544 | 80,487 |
26 | Dadra and Nagar Haveli | 293,657 | 167,603 | 126,054 |
27 | Maharashtra | 99,524,597 | 51,539,135 | 47,985,462 |
28 | Andhra Pradesh | 76,022,847 | 38,061,551 | 37,961,296 |
29 | Karnataka | 54,274,903 | 27,529,898 | 26,745,005 |
30 | Goa | 1,318,228 | 668,042 | 650,186 |
31 | Lakshadweep | 57,341 | 29,391 | 27,950 |
32 | Kerala | – | – | – |
33 | Tamil Nadu | 65,244,137 | 32,616,520 | 32,627,617 |
34 | Puducherry | 1,116,854 | 545,553 | 571,301 |
35 | Andaman and Nicobar Islands | 340,447 | 182,236 | 158,211 |
– | Total (India) | 1,051,404,135 | 540,772,113 | 510,632,022 |
Literacy rate
[edit]State or UT code | State or UT | Overall (%) | Male (%) | Female (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Jammu and Kashmir | |||
2 | Himachal Pradesh | |||
3 | Punjab | |||
4 | Chandigarh | |||
5 | Uttarakhand | |||
6 | Haryana | |||
7 | Delhi | |||
8 | Rajasthan | |||
9 | Uttar Pradesh | |||
10 | Bihar | |||
11 | Sikkim | |||
12 | Arunachal Pradesh | |||
13 | Nagaland | |||
14 | Manipur | |||
15 | Mizoram | |||
16 | Tripura | |||
17 | Meghalaya | |||
18 | Assam | |||
19 | West Bengal | |||
20 | Jharkhand | |||
21 | Odisha | |||
22 | Chhattisgarh | |||
23 | Madhya Pradesh | |||
24 | Gujarat | |||
25 | Daman and Diu | |||
26 | Dadra and Nagar Haveli | |||
27 | Maharashtra | |||
28 | Andhra Pradesh[83] | |||
29 | Karnataka | |||
30 | Goa | |||
31 | Lakshadweep | |||
32 | Kerala | |||
33 | Tamil Nadu | |||
34 | Puducherry | |||
35 | Andaman and Nicobar Islands | |||
– | Overall (India) |
Linguistic demographics
[edit]According to the 2001 census, 41.03% of the Indians spoke Hindi natively, while the rest spoke Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Maithili, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Odia, Punjabi, Tamil, Telugu, Urdu and a variety of other languages. There are a total of 122 languages and 234 mother tongues spoken in India. Of these, 22 languages are specified in the Eighth Schedule of Indian Constitution, while 100 are non-specified.
The table below excludes Mao-Maram, Paomata and Purul subdivisions of Senapati District of Manipur state due to cancellation of census results.
Rank | Language | Speakers | Percentage (%) |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Hindi[note 1] | 422,048,642 | |
2 | Bengali | 83,369,769 | |
3 | Telugu | 74,002,856 | |
4 | Marathi | 71,936,894 | |
5 | Tamil | 60,793,814 | |
6 | Urdu | 51,536,111 | |
7 | Gujarati | 46,091,617 | |
8 | Kannada | 37,924,011 | |
9 | Malayalam | 33,066,392 | |
10 | Odia | 33,017,446 | |
11 | Punjabi | 29,102,477 | |
12 | Assamese | 13,168,484 | |
13 | Maithili | 12,179,122 | |
14 | Bhili/Bhilodi | 9,582,957 | |
15 | Santali | 6,469,600 | |
16 | Kashmiri | 5,527,698 | |
17 | Nepali | 2,871,749 | |
18 | Gondi | 2,713,790 | |
19 | Sindhi | 2,535,485 | |
20 | Konkani | 2,489,015 | |
21 | Dogri | 2,282,589 | |
22 | Khandeshi | 2,075,258 | |
23 | Kurukh | 1,751,489 | |
24 | Tulu | 1,722,768 | |
25 | Meitei (Manipuri) | 1,466,705 | |
26 | Bodo | 1,350,478 | |
27 | Khasi – Garo | 1,128,575 | |
28 | Mundari | 1,061,352 | |
29 | Ho | 1,042,724 | |
30 | Tripuri | 1,011,294 |
Largest cities of India
[edit]Rank | Name | State/UT | Pop. | Rank | Name | State/UT | Pop. | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mumbai Delhi |
1 | Mumbai | Maharashtra | 12,478,447 | 11 | Kanpur | Uttar Pradesh | 2,920,067 | Chennai Bangalore |
2 | Delhi | Delhi | 11,007,835 | 12 | Lucknow | Uttar Pradesh | 2,901,474 | ||
3 | Chennai | Tamil Nadu | 8,696,010 | 13 | Nagpur | Maharashtra | 2,405,421 | ||
4 | Bangalore | Karnataka | 8,425,970 | 14 | Indore | Madhya Pradesh | 1,960,521 | ||
5 | Hyderabad | Telangana | 6,809,970 | 15 | Thane | Maharashtra | 1,818,872 | ||
6 | Ahmedabad | Gujarat | 5,570,585 | 16 | Bhopal | Madhya Pradesh | 1,795,648 | ||
7 | Kolkata | West Bengal | 4,486,679 | 17 | Visakhapatnam | Andhra Pradesh | 1,730,320 | ||
8 | Surat | Gujarat | 4,462,002 | 18 | Pimpri-Chinchwad | Maharashtra | 1,729,359 | ||
9 | Pune | Maharashtra | 3,115,431 | 19 | Patna | Bihar | 1,683,200 | ||
10 | Jaipur | Rajasthan | 3,073,350 | 20 | Vadodara | Gujarat | 1,670,806 |
Vital statistics
[edit]UN estimates
[edit]Year | Mid-year population | Births per year | Deaths per year | Natural change per year | Crude birth rate (per 1000) |
Crude death rate (per 1000) |
Natural change (per 1000) |
Crude migration rate (per 1000) |
Total Fertility rate | Infant mortality (per 1000) | Life expectancy |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1950 | 357,021,000 | 15,651,000 | 7,942,000 | 7,709,000 | 43.8 | 22.68 | 21.6 | 5.73 | 181.2 | 41.7 | |
1951 | 364,922,000 | 16,042,000 | 8,171,000 | 7,871,000 | 44.0 | 22.53 | 21.6 | 0.5 | 5.77 | 180.1 | 41.7 |
1952 | 372,997,000 | 16,458,000 | 8,293,000 | 8,165,000 | 44.1 | 22.24 | 21.9 | 0.2 | 5.82 | 177.5 | 42.0 |
1953 | 381,228,000 | 16,857,000 | 8,442,000 | 8,415,000 | 44.2 | 22.07 | 22.1 | 0 | 5.87 | 175.3 | 42.2 |
1954 | 389,731,000 | 17,247,000 | 8,414,000 | 8,833,000 | 44.2 | 21.45 | 22.7 | -0.4 | 5.91 | 172.2 | 43.0 |
1955 | 398,578,000 | 17,549,000 | 8,468,000 | 9,081,000 | 44.0 | 21.07 | 22.8 | -0.1 | 5.91 | 169.7 | 43.4 |
1956 | 407,657,000 | 17,844,000 | 8,533,000 | 9,310,000 | 43.8 | 20.74 | 22.8 | 0 | 5.91 | 167.3 | 43.8 |
1957 | 416,935,000 | 18,128,000 | 8,618,000 | 9,510,000 | 43.5 | 20.49 | 22.8 | 0 | 5.91 | 165.0 | 44.1 |
1958 | 426,296,000 | 18,370,000 | 8,673,000 | 9,696,000 | 43.1 | 20.14 | 22.7 | -0.2 | 5.90 | 162.7 | 44.4 |
1959 | 435,900,000 | 18,593,000 | 8,688,000 | 9,905,000 | 42.6 | 19.72 | 22.7 | -0.2 | 5.89 | 160.3 | 44.9 |
1960 | 445,955,000 | 18,958,000 | 8,756,000 | 10,201,000 | 42.5 | 19.42 | 22.9 | 0.2 | 5.92 | 158.2 | 45.2 |
1961 | 456,352,000 | 19,301,000 | 8,874,000 | 10,427,000 | 42.3 | 19.23 | 22.8 | 0.5 | 5.94 | 156.4 | 45.4 |
1962 | 467,024,000 | 19,663,000 | 8,969,000 | 10,693,000 | 42.1 | 18.98 | 22.9 | 0.5 | 5.95 | 154.5 | 45.7 |
1963 | 477,934,000 | 20,031,000 | 9,064,000 | 10,966,000 | 41.9 | 18.73 | 22.9 | 0.5 | 5.97 | 152.7 | 45.9 |
1964 | 489,059,000 | 20,407,000 | 9,177,000 | 11,230,000 | 41.7 | 18.51 | 23.0 | 0.3 | 5.98 | 151.1 | 46.2 |
1965 | 500,114,000 | 20,679,000 | 9,824,000 | 10,855,000 | 41.3 | 19.36 | 21.7 | 0.9 | 5.94 | 156.4 | 45.0 |
1966 | 510,993,000 | 20,913,000 | 9,886,000 | 11,027,000 | 40.9 | 19.06 | 21.6 | 0.2 | 5.88 | 154.7 | 45.3 |
1967 | 521,987,000 | 21,193,000 | 9,963,000 | 11,231,000 | 40.6 | 18.78 | 21.5 | 0 | 5.83 | 153.1 | 45.7 |
1968 | 533,432,000 | 21,454,000 | 9,486,000 | 11,968,000 | 40.2 | 17.52 | 22.4 | -0.5 | 5.76 | 145.0 | 47.5 |
1969 | 545,315,000 | 21,704,000 | 9,551,000 | 12,154,000 | 39.8 | 17.27 | 22.3 | 0 | 5.68 | 143.3 | 47.9 |
1970 | 557,501,000 | 22,043,000 | 9,606,000 | 12,437,000 | 39.5 | 17.01 | 22.3 | -0.1 | 5.62 | 141.7 | 48.2 |
1971 | 569,999,000 | 22,483,000 | 9,658,000 | 12,825,000 | 39.4 | 16.81 | 22.5 | -0.1 | 5.57 | 139.9 | 48.6 |
1972 | 582,838,000 | 22,835,000 | 9,702,000 | 13,133,000 | 39.2 | 16.60 | 22.5 | 0 | 5.48 | 138.5 | 49.0 |
1973 | 596,107,000 | 23,230,000 | 9,701,000 | 13,529,000 | 39.0 | 16.31 | 22.7 | 0.1 | 5.40 | 136.3 | 49.5 |
1974 | 609,722,000 | 23,559,000 | 9,628,000 | 13,931,000 | 38.6 | 15.89 | 22.8 | 0 | 5.33 | 133.3 | 50.2 |
1975 | 623,524,000 | 23,660,000 | 9,592,000 | 14,068,000 | 37.9 | 15.53 | 22.6 | 0 | 5.20 | 130.7 | 50.8 |
1976 | 637,451,000 | 24,021,000 | 9,572,000 | 14,449,000 | 37.7 | 15.18 | 22.7 | -0.4 | 5.13 | 127.9 | 51.4 |
1977 | 651,686,000 | 24,042,000 | 9,555,000 | 14,487,000 | 36.9 | 14.82 | 22.2 | 0.1 | 5.01 | 124.9 | 51.9 |
1978 | 666,268,000 | 24,243,000 | 9,520,000 | 14,723,000 | 36.4 | 14.43 | 22.1 | 0.3 | 4.89 | 121.7 | 52.5 |
1979 | 681,248,000 | 24,699,000 | 9,515,000 | 15,184,000 | 36.3 | 14.07 | 22.3 | 0.2 | 4.81 | 118.4 | 53.1 |
1980 | 696,828,000 | 25,235,000 | 9,530,000 | 15,705,000 | 36.2 | 13.75 | 22.5 | 0.4 | 4.78 | 115.2 | 53.6 |
1981 | 712,869,000 | 25,683,000 | 9,532,000 | 16,151,000 | 36.0 | 13.42 | 22.7 | 0.3 | 4.70 | 112.1 | 54.2 |
1982 | 729,169,000 | 25,964,000 | 9,512,000 | 16,452,000 | 35.6 | 13.09 | 22.6 | 0.3 | 4.62 | 109.3 | 54.7 |
1983 | 745,827,000 | 26,329,000 | 9,487,000 | 16,842,000 | 35.3 | 12.77 | 22.6 | 0.2 | 4.57 | 106.7 | 55.3 |
1984 | 762,890,005 | 26,777,000 | 9,471,000 | 17,307,000 | 35.1 | 12.47 | 22.7 | 0.2 | 4.52 | 104.2 | 55.8 |
1985 | 780,242,000 | 27,001,000 | 9,444,000 | 17,558,000 | 34.6 | 12.16 | 22.5 | 0.2 | 4.43 | 101.8 | 56.3 |
1986 | 797,879,000 | 27,522,000 | 9,434,000 | 18,088,000 | 34.5 | 11.88 | 22.7 | -0.1 | 4.40 | 99.4 | 56.8 |
1987 | 815,716,000 | 27,478,000 | 9,400,000 | 18,077,000 | 33.7 | 11.58 | 22.2 | 0.2 | 4.31 | 97.0 | 57.3 |
1988 | 833,730,000 | 27,654,000 | 9,369,000 | 18,286,000 | 33.2 | 11.29 | 21.9 | 0.2 | 4.22 | 94.6 | 57.8 |
1989 | 852,013,000 | 27,733,000 | 9,335,000 | 18,398,000 | 32.5 | 11.00 | 21.6 | 0.3 | 4.13 | 92.2 | 58.2 |
1990 | 870,452,000 | 27,692,000 | 9,306,000 | 18,386,000 | 31.8 | 10.73 | 21.1 | 0.5 | 4.05 | 89.8 | 58.7 |
1991 | 888,942,000 | 27,937,000 | 9,295,000 | 18,642,000 | 31.4 | 10.47 | 21.0 | 0.2 | 3.96 | 87.6 | 59.1 |
1992 | 907,574,000 | 28,057,000 | 9,285,000 | 18,772,000 | 30.9 | 10.22 | 20.7 | 0.3 | 3.88 | 85.5 | 59.5 |
1993 | 926,351,000 | 28,055,000 | 9,283,000 | 18,772,000 | 30.3 | 10.00 | 20.3 | 0.4 | 3.80 | 83.5 | 59.8 |
1994 | 945,262,000 | 28,207,000 | 9,270,000 | 18,937,000 | 29.8 | 9.78 | 20.0 | 0.4 | 3.72 | 81.4 | 60.2 |
1995 | 964,279,000 | 28,314,000 | 9,269,000 | 19,044,000 | 29.4 | 9.57 | 19.7 | 0.4 | 3.65 | 79.3 | 60.6 |
1996 | 983,281,000 | 28,305,000 | 9,262,000 | 19,043,000 | 28.8 | 9.37 | 19.4 | 0.3 | 3.58 | 77.1 | 61.0 |
1997 | 1,002,335,000 | 28,341,000 | 9,251,000 | 19,090,000 | 28.3 | 9.17 | 19.0 | 0.4 | 3.51 | 74.8 | 61.4 |
1998 | 1,021,435,000 | 28,381,000 | 9,245,000 | 19,136,000 | 27.8 | 8.99 | 18.7 | 0.4 | 3.45 | 72.5 | 61.8 |
1999 | 1,040,500,000 | 28,365,000 | 9,235,000 | 19,130,000 | 27.3 | 8.80 | 18.4 | 0.3 | 3.38 | 70.2 | 62.2 |
2000 | 1,059,634,000 | 28,615,000 | 9,221,000 | 19,394,000 | 27.0 | 8.63 | 18.3 | 0.1 | 3.35 | 67.8 | 62.7 |
2001 | 1,078,971,000 | 28,843,000 | 9,235,000 | 19,608,000 | 26.7 | 8.48 | 18.2 | 0 | 3.30 | 65.4 | 63.1 |
2002 | 1,098,313,000 | 28,648,000 | 9,186,000 | 19,462,000 | 26.1 | 8.29 | 17.7 | 0.2 | 3.22 | 63.1 | 63.6 |
2003 | 1,117,415,000 | 28,356,000 | 9,150,000 | 19,206,000 | 25.4 | 8.13 | 17.2 | 0.2 | 3.12 | 60.8 | 64.1 |
2004 | 1,136,265,000 | 28,099,000 | 9,136,000 | 18,963,000 | 24.7 | 7.98 | 16.7 | 0.2 | 3.05 | 58.6 | 64.5 |
2005 | 1,154,639,000 | 27,646,000 | 9,096,000 | 18,550,000 | 23.9 | 7.82 | 16.1 | 0.1 | 2.96 | 56.3 | 65.0 |
2006 | 1,172,374,000 | 27,229,000 | 9,080,000 | 18,149,000 | 23.2 | 7.67 | 15.5 | -0.1 | 2.86 | 54.1 | 65.4 |
2007 | 1,189,692,000 | 27,030,000 | 9,095,000 | 17,935,000 | 22.7 | 7.54 | 15.1 | -0.3 | 2.78 | 51.9 | 65.8 |
2008 | 1,206,735,000 | 26,890,000 | 9,123,000 | 17,767,000 | 22.3 | 7.41 | 14.7 | -0.4 | 2.72 | 49.6 | 66.1 |
2009 | 1,223,640,000 | 26,848,000 | 9,154,000 | 17,694,000 | 21.9 | 7.29 | 14.5 | -0.5 | 2.67 | 47.4 | 66.5 |
2010 | 1,240,614,000 | 26,599,000 | 9,162,000 | 17,437,000 | 21.4 | 7.16 | 14.1 | -0.2 | 2.60 | 45.2 | 66.9 |
2011 | 1,257,621,191 | 26,342,000 | 9,139,000 | 17,203,000 | 20.9 | 7.05 | 13.7 | 0 | 2.54 | 43.0 | 67.4 |
2012 | 1,274,487,215 | 26,027,000 | 9,072,000 | 16,954,000 | 20.4 | 6.95 | 13.3 | 0.1 | 2.47 | 40.8 | 67.9 |
2013 | 1,291,132,063 | 25,740,000 | 8,987,000 | 16,753,000 | 19.9 | 6.86 | 13.0 | 0.1 | 2.41 | 38.7 | 68.5 |
2014 | 1,307,246,509 | 24,899,000 | 8,876,000 | 16,023,000 | 19.0 | 6.77 | 12.3 | 0.2 | 2.31 | 36.7 | 69.1 |
2015 | 1,322,866,505 | 24,828,000 | 8,826,000 | 16,003,000 | 18.8 | 6.73 | 12.1 | -0.2 | 2.29 | 34.7 | 69.6 |
2016 | 1,338,636,340 | 24,783,000 | 8,839,000 | 15,944,000 | 18.5 | 6.70 | 11.9 | 0 | 2.27 | 32.8 | 70.1 |
2017 | 1,354,195,680 | 24,254,000 | 8,928,000 | 15,326,000 | 17.9 | 6.67 | 11.3 | 0.3 | 2.20 | 31.1 | 70.5 |
2018 | 1,369,003,306 | 24,168,000 | 9,098,000 | 15,070,000 | 17.7 | 6.67 | 11.0 | -0.1 | 2.18 | 29.4 | 70.7 |
2019 | 1,383,112,050 | 23,583,000 | 9,281,000 | 14,302,000 | 17.0 | 6.67 | 10.3 | 0 | 2.11 | 27.9 | 70.9 |
2020 | 1,396,387,127 | 23,139,000 | 10,262,000 | 12,876,000 | 16.6 | 7.21 | 9.2 | 0.4 | 2.05 | 26.6 | 70.1 |
2021 | 1,407,563,842 | 23,114,000 | 13,511,232 | 9,602,768 | 16.4 | 9.26 | 7.0 | -1.0 | 2.03 | 25.5 | 67.2 |
2022 | 1,417,173,173 | 23,056,027 | 12,862,015 | 10,194,012 | 16.3 | 6.58 | 7.2 | -0.4 | 2.01 | 67.7 | |
2023 | 1,428,627,663 | 23,162,866 | 11,222,240 | 11,940,626 | 16.1 | 6.61 | 9.5 | -1.4 | 2.00(e) | 72.0 |
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Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Census of India: sample registration system
[edit]Year | Average population |
Live births1 | Deaths1 | Natural change | Crude birth rate (per 1000) |
Crude death rate (per 1000) |
Natural change (per 1000) |
Total fertility rate |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1981 | 716,493,000 | 24,289,000 | 8,956,000 | 15,333,000 | 33.9 | 12.5 | 21.4 | 4.52 |
1982 | 733,152,000 | 24,781,000 | 8,725,000 | 16,056,000 | 33.8 | 11.9 | 21.9 | 4.5 |
1983 | 750,034,000 | 25,276,000 | 8,925,000 | 16,351,000 | 33.7 | 11.9 | 21.8 | 4.5 |
1984 | 767,147,000 | 26,006,000 | 9,666,000 | 16,340,000 | 33.9 | 12.6 | 21.3 | 4.5 |
1985 | 784,491,000 | 25,810,000 | 9,257,000 | 16,553,000 | 32.9 | 11.8 | 21.1 | 4.3 |
1986 | 802,052,000 | 26,147,000 | 8,903,000 | 17,244,000 | 32.6 | 11.1 | 21.5 | 4.15 |
1987 | 819,800,000 | 26,316,000 | 8,936,000 | 17,380,000 | 32.1 | 10.9 | 21.2 | 4.1 |
1988 | 837,700,000 | 26,388,000 | 9,215,000 | 17,173,000 | 31.5 | 11.0 | 20.5 | 4.0 |
1989 | 855,707,000 | 26,185,000 | 8,814,000 | 17,371,000 | 30.6 | 10.3 | 20.3 | 3.9 |
1990 | 873,785,000 | 26,388,000 | 8,476,000 | 17,912,000 | 30.2 | 9.7 | 20.5 | 3.8 |
1991 | 891,910,000 | 26,133,000 | 8,741,000 | 17,392,000 | 29.3 | 9.8 | 19.5 | 3.64 |
1992 | 910,065,000 | 26,392,000 | 9,192,000 | 17,200,000 | 29.0 | 10.1 | 18.9 | 3.6 |
1993 | 928,226,000 | 26,640,000 | 8,633,000 | 18,007,000 | 0 | 9.3 | 19.4 | 3.5 |
1994 | 946,373,000 | 27,161,000 | 8,801,000 | 18,360,000 | 28.7 | 9.3 | 19.4 | 3.5 |
1995 | 964,486,000 | 27,295,000 | 8,680,000 | 18,615,000 | 28.3 | 9.0 | 19.3 | 3.5 |
1996 | 982,553,000 | 26,824,000 | 8,745,000 | 18,079,000 | 27.3 | 8.9 | 18.4 | 3.40 |
1997 | 1,000,558,000 | 27,215,000 | 8,905,000 | 18,310,000 | 27.2 | 8.9 | 18.3 | 3.3 |
1998 | 1,018,471,000 | 26,989,000 | 9,166,000 | 17,823,000 | 26.5 | 9.0 | 17.5 | 3.2 |
1999 | 1,036,259,000 | 26,943,000 | 9,015,000 | 17,928,000 | 26.0 | 8.7 | 17.3 | 3.2 |
2000 | 1,053,898,000 | 27,191,000 | 8,958,000 | 18,233,000 | 25.8 | 8.5 | 17.3 | 3.2 |
2001 | 1,071,374,000 | 27,213,000 | 9,000,000 | 18,213,000 | 25.4 | 8.4 | 17.0 | 3.10 |
2002 | 1,088,694,000 | 27,217,000 | 8,818,000 | 18,399,000 | 25.0 | 8.1 | 16.9 | 3.0 |
2003 | 1,105,886,000 | 27,426,000 | 8,847,000 | 18,579,000 | 24.8 | 8.0 | 16.8 | 3.0 |
2004 | 1,122,991,000 | 27,064,000 | 8,422,000 | 18,642,000 | 24.1 | 7.5 | 16.6 | 2.9 |
2005 | 1,140,043,000 | 27,133,000 | 8,664,000 | 18,469,000 | 23.8 | 7.6 | 16.2 | 2.9 |
2006 | 1,157,039,000 | 27,190,000 | 8,678,000 | 18,512,000 | 23.5 | 7.5 | 16.0 | 2.79 |
2007 | 1,134,024,000 | 26,195,954 | 8,391,778 | 17,804,176 | 23.1 | 7.4 | 15.7 | 2.7 |
2008 | 1,150,196,000 | 26,224,469 | 8,511,450 | 17,713,019 | 22.8 | 7.4 | 15.4 | 2.6 |
2009 | 1,166,228,000 | 26,240,130 | 8,513,464 | 17,726,666 | 22.5 | 7.3 | 15.2 | 2.6 |
2010 | 1,182,108,000 | 26,124,587 | 8,511,178 | 17,613,409 | 22.1 | 7.2 | 14.9 | 2.5 |
2011 | 1,197,658,000 | 26,108,944 | 8,503,372 | 17,605,572 | 21.8 | 7.1 | 14.7 | 2.44 |
2012 | 1,212,827,000 | 26,197,063 | 8,489,789 | 17,707,274 | 21.6 | 7.0 | 14.6 | 2.38 |
2013 | 1,227,012,000 | 26,258,057 | 8,589,084 | 17,668,973 | 21.4 | 7.0 | 14.4 | 2.34 |
2014 | 1,243,542,000 | 25,904,377 | 8,264,730 | 17,639,647 | 21.0 | 6.7 | 14.3 | 2.32 |
2015 | 1,259,108,000 | 26,189,446 | 8,184,202 | 18,005,244 | 20.8 | 6.5 | 14.3 | 2.27 |
2016 | 1,273,986,000 | 25,989,314 | 8,153,510 | 17,835,804 | 20.4 | 6.4 | 14.0 | 2.26 |
2017[91] | 1,288,522,000 | 26,028,144 | 8,117,689 | 17,910,455 | 20.2 | 6.3 | 13.9 | 2.18 |
2018 | 1,324,609,000 | 26,492,180 | 8,212,576 | 18,279,604 | 20.0 | 6.2 | 13.8 | 2.15 |
2019 | 1,338,995,000 | 24,820,886 | 7,641,076 | 17,179,810 | 18.5 | 5.7 | 12.8 | 2.08[92] |
2020 | 1,353,378,000 | 24,222,444 | 8,115,882 | 16,106,562 | 17.9 | 6.0 | 11.9 | 2.03 |
1 The numbers of births and deaths were calculated from the birth and death rates and the average population. |
Life expectancy
[edit]Period | Life expectancy at birth | Life expectancy at age 15 | Life expectancy at age 65 | Life expectancy at age 80 |
---|---|---|---|---|
1950–1955 | 41.7 | 45.0 | 10.9 | 4.8 |
1955–1960 | 43.4 | 45.6 | 11.1 | 4.8 |
1960–1965 | 45.2 | 46.4 | 11.2 | 4.9 |
1965–1970 | 45.0 | 46.1 | 11.2 | 4.9 |
1970–1975 | 48.2 | 48.0 | 11.2 | 5.1 |
1975–1980 | 50.8 | 49.8 | 12.3 | 6.0 |
1980–1985 | 53.6 | 51.0 | 12.2 | 5.8 |
1985–1990 | 56.3 | 52.4 | 12.3 | 5.8 |
1990–1995 | 58.7 | 53.3 | 12.6 | 5.9 |
1995–2000 | 60.6 | 54.1 | 13.0 | 6.2 |
2000–2005 | 62.7 | 54.9 | 13.6 | 6.6 |
2005–2010 | 65.0 | 56.0 | 13.9 | 6.4 |
2010–2015 | 66.9 | 56.6 | 14.1 | 6.4 |
2015-2020 | 69.6 | 58.2 | 15.3 | 7.5 |
2020-2025 | 70.1 | 57.8 | 14.7 | 7.1 |
Source 1: UN World Population Prospects[95]
Source 2: Our World in Data[96]
Structure of the population
[edit]Structure of the population (Census 9.II.2011)
Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percentage (%) | Cumulative Percentage |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
0–4 | 58,632,074 | 54,174,704 | 112,806,778 | 9.32 | 9.32 |
5–9 | 66,300,466 | 60,627,660 | 126,928,126 | 10.48 | 19.8 |
10–14 | 69,418,835 | 63,290,377 | 132,709,212 | 10.96 | 30.76 |
15–19 | 63,982,396 | 56,544,053 | 120,526,449 | 9.95 | 40.71 |
20–24 | 57,584,693 | 53,839,529 | 111,424,222 | 9.20 | 49.91 |
25–29 | 51,344,208 | 50,069,757 | 101,413,965 | 8.38 | 58.29 |
30–34 | 44,660,674 | 43,934,277 | 88,594,951 | 7.32 | 65.61 |
35–39 | 42,919,381 | 42,221,303 | 85,140,684 | 7.03 | 72.64 |
40–44 | 37,545,386 | 34,892,726 | 72,438,112 | 5.98 | 78.62 |
45–49 | 32,138,114 | 30,180,213 | 62,318,327 | 5.15 | 83.77 |
50–54 | 25,843,266 | 23,225,988 | 49,069,254 | 4.05 | 87.82 |
55–59 | 19,456,012 | 19,690,043 | 39,146,055 | 3.23 | 91.05 |
60–64 | 18,701,749 | 18,961,958 | 37,663,707 | 3.11 | 94.16 |
65–69 | 12,944,326 | 13,510,657 | 26,454,983 | 2.18 | 96.34 |
70–74 | 9,651,499 | 9,557,343 | 19,208,842 | 1.59 | 97.93 |
75–79 | 4,490,603 | 4,741,900 | 9,232,503 | 0.76 | 98.69 |
80–84 | 2,927,040 | 3,293,189 | 6,220,229 | 0.51 | 99.2 |
85–89 | 1,120,106 | 1,263,061 | 2,383,167 | 0.20 | 99.4 |
90–94 | 652,465 | 794,069 | 1,446,534 | 0.12 | 99.52 |
95–99 | 294,759 | 338,538 | 633,297 | 0.05 | 99.57 |
100+ | 289,325 | 316,453 | 605,778 | 0.05 | 99.62 |
Unknown | 2,372,881 | 2,116,921 | 4,489,802 | 0.37 | 99.99 |
Total | 623,270,258 | 587,584,719 | 1,210,854,977 | 100.00 | |
Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent | |
0–14 | 194,351,375 | 178,092,741 | 372,444,116 | 30.76 | |
15–64 | 394,175,879 | 373,559,847 | 767,735,726 | 63.40 | |
65+ | 32,370,123 | 33,815,210 | 66,185,333 | 5.47 |
Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (03.III.2016) (Data are projections based on the 2011 Population Census.):[97]
Age Group | Male | Female | Total | % |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 664,184,000 | 626,890,000 | 1,291,074,000 | 100 |
0–4 | 62,872,000 | 56,038,000 | 118,910,000 | 9.21 |
5–9 | 61,499,000 | 56,969,000 | 118,468,000 | 9.18 |
10–14 | 65,142,000 | 59,682,000 | 124,824,000 | 9.67 |
15–19 | 67,223,000 | 60,871,000 | 128,094,000 | 9.92 |
20–24 | 63,521,000 | 57,356,000 | 120,877,000 | 9.36 |
25–29 | 57,272,000 | 53,357,000 | 110,629,000 | 8.57 |
30–34 | 50,782,000 | 49,250,000 | 100,032,000 | 7.75 |
35–39 | 45,318,000 | 44,787,000 | 90,105,000 | 6.98 |
40–44 | 41,280,000 | 40,497,000 | 81,777,000 | 6.33 |
45–49 | 36,602,000 | 35,107,000 | 71,709,000 | 5.55 |
50–54 | 30,738,000 | 29,016,000 | 59,754,000 | 4.63 |
55–59 | 24,403,000 | 23,307,000 | 47,710,000 | 3.70 |
60–64 | 19,133,000 | 19,288,000 | 38,421,000 | 2.98 |
65–69 | 15,198,000 | 16,114,000 | 31,312,000 | 2.43 |
70–74 | 11,002,000 | 11,723,000 | 22,725,000 | 1.76 |
75–79 | 7,703,000 | 8,367,000 | 16,070,000 | 1.24 |
80+ | 4,496,000 | 5,161,000 | 9,657,000 | 0.75 |
Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
0–14 | 189,513,000 | 172,689,000 | 362,202,000 | 28.05 |
15–64 | 436,272,000 | 412,836,000 | 849,108,000 | 65.77 |
65+ | 38,399,000 | 41,365,000 | 79,764,000 | 6.18 |
Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.III.2021) (Includes data for the Indian-held part of Jammu and Kashmir, the final status of which has not yet been determined. Data are projections based on the 2011 Population Census.):[98]
Age Group | Male | Female | Total | % |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 700 623 000 | 662 383 000 | 1 363 006 000 | 100 |
0–4 | 60 153 000 | 54 120 000 | 114 273 000 | 8.38 |
5–9 | 62 276 000 | 55 390 000 | 117 666 000 | 8.63 |
10–14 | 61 266 000 | 56 785 000 | 118 051 000 | 8.66 |
15–19 | 64 862 000 | 59 420 000 | 124 282 000 | 9.12 |
20–24 | 66 770 000 | 60 474 000 | 127 244 000 | 9.34 |
25–29 | 62 944 000 | 56 956 000 | 119 900 000 | 8.80 |
30–34 | 56 614 000 | 52 961 000 | 109 575 000 | 8.04 |
35–39 | 50 027 000 | 48 836 000 | 98 863 000 | 7.25 |
40–44 | 44 450 000 | 44 315 000 | 88 765 000 | 6.51 |
45–49 | 40 204 000 | 39 903 000 | 80 107 000 | 5.88 |
50–54 | 35 235 000 | 34 331 000 | 69 566 000 | 5.10 |
55–59 | 29 082 000 | 28 062 000 | 57 144 000 | 4.19 |
60–64 | 22 465 000 | 22 079 000 | 44 544 000 | 3.27 |
65–69 | 16 823 000 | 17 583 000 | 34 406 000 | 2.52 |
70–74 | 12 546 000 | 13 904 000 | 26 450 000 | 1.94 |
75–79 | 8 269 000 | 9 294 000 | 17 563 000 | 1.29 |
80+ | 6 637 000 | 7 970 000 | 14 607 000 | 1.07 |
Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
0–14 | 183 695 000 | 166 295 000 | 349 990 000 | 25.68 |
15–64 | 472 653 000 | 447 337 000 | 919 990 000 | 67.50 |
65+ | 44 275 000 | 48 751 000 | 93 026 000 | 6.83 |
Fertility rate
[edit]From the Demographic Health Survey:[99]
Year | Total | Urban | Rural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CBR | TFR1 | CBR | TFR1 | CBR | TFR1 | |
1992–1993 | 28.7 | 3.39 (2.64) | 24.1 | 2.70 (2.09) | 30.4 | 3.67 (2.86) |
1998–1999 | 24.8 | 2.85 (2.13) | 20.9 | 2.27 (1.73) | 26.2 | 3.07 (2.28) |
2005–2006 | 23.1 | 2.68 (1.90) | 18.8 | 2.06 (1.60) | 25.0 | 2.98 (2.10) |
2015–2016 | 19.0 | 2.18 (1.8) | 15.8 | 1.75 (1.5) | 20.7 | 2.41 (1.9) |
2019–2021 | 17.1 | 1.99 (1.6) | 14.0 | 1.63 (1.4) | 18.6 | 2.14 (1.7) |
CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman). 1Number in parentheses represents the wanted fertility rate. |
Year | Hindu | Muslim | Christian | Sikh | Buddhist/ Neo-Buddhist |
Jain | Other |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2019–2021 | 1.94 (1.6) | 2.36 (1.8) | 1.88 (1.7) | 1.61 (1.4) | 1.39 (1.2) | 1.60 (1.5) | 2.15 (1.7) |
CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman). 1Number in parentheses represents the wanted fertility rate. |
State (Population 2011) | Total | Urban | Rural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CBR | TFR1 | CBR | TFR1 | CBR | TFR1 | |
Uttar Pradesh (199 812 341) | 22.6 | 2.74 (2.06) | 18.6 | 2.08 (1.62) | 24.0 | 2.99 (2.22) |
Maharashtra (112 374 333) | 16.6 | 1.87 (1.57) | 15.5 | 1.68 (1.41) | 17.5 | 2.06 (1.73) |
Bihar (104 099 452) | 27.1 | 3.41 (2.48) | 20.4 | 2.42 (1.83) | 28.0 | 3.56 (2.58) |
West Bengal (91 276 115) | 16.6 | 1.77 (1.53) | 14.0 | 1.57 (1.38) | 18.0 | 1.85 (1.58) |
Madhya Pradesh (72 626 809) | 20.2 | 2.32 (1.82) | 17.7 | 1.95 (1.61) | 21.3 | 2.48 (1.91) |
Tamil Nadu (72 147 030) | 15.5 | 1.70 (1.51) | 13.9 | 1.54 (1.38) | 17.2 | 1.86 (1.63) |
Rajasthan (68 548 437) | 20.8 | 2.40 (1.81) | 17.5 | 1.94 (1.52) | 22.0 | 2.56 (1.91) |
Karnataka (61 095 297) | 15.9 | 1.81 (1.42) | 15.2 | 1.65 (1.30) | 16.5 | 1.92 (1.50) |
Gujarat (60 439 692) | 16.7 | 2.03 (1.54) | 15.3 | 1.82 (1.39) | 17.9 | 2.19 (1.64) |
Andhra Pradesh (49 386 799) | 16.1 | 1.83 (1.64) | 13.9 | 1.53 (1.39) | 17.0 | 1.96 (1.75) |
Odisha (41 974 218) | 18.1 | 2.05 (1.69) | 15.6 | 1.73 (1.50) | 18.7 | 2.12 (1.72) |
Telangana (35 193 978) | 17.1 | 1.79 (1.59) | 17.1 | 1.67 (1.53) | 17.2 | 1.88 (1.64) |
Kerala (33 406 061) | 11.2 | 1.56 (1.47) | 11.4 | 1.57 (1.47) | 11.0 | 1.55 (1.46) |
Jharkhand (32 988 134) | 21.7 | 2.55 (2.06) | 16.3 | 1.78 (1.47) | 23.5 | 2.83 (2.27) |
Assam (31 205 576) | 19.5 | 2.21 (1.78) | 13.2 | 1.45 (1.25) | 20.5 | 2.34 (1.87) |
Punjab (27 743 338) | 13.8 | 1.62 (1.37) | 13.5 | 1.59 (1.32) | 14.0 | 1.63 (1.39) |
Chhattisgarh (25 545 198) | 20.7 | 2.23 (1.88) | 17.9 | 1.78 (1.58) | 21.5 | 2.37 (1.97) |
Haryana (25 351 462) | 18.7 | 2.05 (1.63) | 16.3 | 1.78 (1.44) | 20.2 | 2.22 (1.75) |
Jammu and Kashmir (12 541 302) | 17.7 | 2.01 (1.67) | 13.9 | 1.58 (1.39) | 19.4 | 2.18 (1.77) |
Uttarakhand (10 086 292) | 19.0 | 2.07 (1.60) | 17.1 | 1.80 (1.43) | 20.0 | 2.24 (1.71) |
Himachal Pradesh (6 864 602) | 15.3 | 1.88 (1.55) | 12.0 | 1.43 (1.15) | 15.7 | 1.92 (1.59) |
Tripura (3 673 917) | 15.3 | 1.69 (1.55) | 12.7 | 1.40 (1.34) | 16.4 | 1.80 (1.62) |
Meghalaya (2 966 889) | 24.6 | 3.04 (2.79) | 16.1 | 1.67 (1.57) | 26.7 | 3.47 (3.18) |
Manipur (2 855 794) | 21.2 | 2.61 (2.33) | 17.5 | 2.14 (1.96) | 23.7 | 2.92 (2.57) |
Nagaland (1 978 502) | 21.4 | 2.74 (2.35) | 16.3 | 1.78 (1.58) | 24.1 | 3.38 (2.86) |
Goa (1 458 545) | 12.8 | 1.66 (1.37) | 13.4 | 1.72 (1.37) | 11.7 | 1.55 (1.37) |
Arunachal Pradesh (1 383 727) | 17.9 | 2.12 (1.64) | 17.0 | 1.69 (1.26) | 18.2 | 2.29 (1.79) |
Mizoram (1 097 206) | 18.7 | 2.26 (2.15) | 16.9 | 1.97 (1.89) | 21.2 | 2.71 (2.54) |
Sikkim (610 577) | 11.4 | 1.17 (0.88) | 12.1 | 1.11 (0.82) | 11.1 | 1.21 (0.91) |
CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman). 1Number in parentheses represents the wanted fertility rate. |
State (Population 2011) | Total | Urban | Rural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CBR | TFR1 | CBR | TFR1 | CBR | TFR1 | |
Uttar Pradesh (199 812 341) | 20.5 | 2.35 (1.77) | 16.7 | 1.88 (1.49) | 21.8 | 2.50 (1.86) |
Maharashtra (112 374 333) | 13.8 | 1.71 (1.43) | 12.6 | 1.50 (1.27) | 15.0 | 1.89 (1.58) |
Bihar (104 099 452) | 25.9 | 2.98 (2.25) | 20.4 | 2.35 (1.88) | 27.0 | 3.11 (2.31) |
West Bengal (91 276 115) | 15.5 | 1.64 (1.42) | 12.4 | 1.39 (1.24) | 17.0 | 1.73 (1.48) |
Madhya Pradesh (72 626 809) | 17.2 | 1.99 (1.61) | 13.7 | 1.61 (1.34) | 18.5 | 2.12 (1.69) |
Tamil Nadu (72 147 030) | 13.7 | 1.76 (1.59) | 12.7 | 1.61 (1.50) | 14.6 | 1.89 (1.66) |
Rajasthan (68 548 437) | 18.7 | 2.01 (1.61) | 15.3 | 1.67 (1.42) | 19.8 | 2.11 (1.65) |
Karnataka (61 095 297) | 14.2 | 1.67 (1.38) | 13.2 | 1.50 (1.25) | 14.9 | 1.79 (1.46) |
Gujarat (60 439 692) | 15.0 | 1.86 (1.53) | 13.3 | 1.65 (1.39) | 16.3 | 2.0 (1.60) |
Andhra Pradesh (49 386 799) | 13.8 | 1.68 (1.55) | 12.5 | 1.47 (1.36) | 14.3 | 1.78 (1.64) |
Odisha (41 974 218) | 15.9 | 1.82 (1.52) | 13.1 | 1.48 (1.26) | 16.5 | 1.89 (1.57) |
Telangana (35 193 978) | 15.3 | 1.75 (1.55) | 16.0 | 1.75 (1.57) | 15.3 | 1.74 (1.54) |
Kerala (33 406 061) | 11.8 | 1.79 (1.68) | 11.9 | 1.82 (1.71) | 11.6 | 1.76 (1.65) |
Jharkhand (32 988 134) | 20.2 | 2.26 (1.87) | 14.2 | 1.56 (1.32) | 22.0 | 2.48 (2.04) |
Assam (31 205 576) | 16.8 | 1.87 (1.56) | 13.1 | 1.50 (1.37) | 17.4 | 1.93 (1.59) |
Punjab (27 743 338) | 13.3 | 1.63 (1.35) | 12.1 | 1.55 (1.29) | 14.0 | 1.68 (1.38) |
Chhattisgarh (25 545 198) | 16.4 | 1.82 (1.57) | 13.6 | 1.42 (1.28) | 17.2 | 1.94 (1.66) |
Haryana (25 351 462) | 16.4 | 1.91 (1.54) | 14.1 | 1.65 (1.38) | 17.5 | 2.04 (1.62) |
Jammu and Kashmir (12 541 302) | 13.1 | 1.41 (1.3) | ||||
Uttarakhand (10 086 292) | 16.7 | 1.85 (1.46) | 16.8 | 1.84 (1.47) | 16.6 | 1.86 (1.47) |
Himachal Pradesh (6 864 602) | 12.7 | 1.66 (1.43) | 11.2 | 1.43 (1.36) | 12.9 | 1.69 (1.44) |
Tripura (3 673 917) | 14.5 | 1.70 (1.49) | 11.0 | 1.39 (1.29) | 15.8 | 1.81 (1.56) |
Meghalaya (2 966 889) | 24.2 | 2.91 (2.66) | 14.8 | 1.57 (1.43) | 26.5 | 3.31 (3.04) |
Manipur (2 855 794) | 17.4 | 2.17 (1.98) | 14.7 | 1.84 (1.73) | 19.1 | 2.38 (2.13) |
Nagaland (1 978 502) | 15.4 | 1.72 (1.57) | 12.5 | 1.21 (1.13) | 16.8 | 2.00 (1.82) |
Goa (1 458 545) | 10.3 | 1.30 (1.21) | 10.3 | 1.26 (1.19) | 10.3 | 1.36 (1.24) |
Arunachal Pradesh (1 383 727) | 16.0 | 1.80 (1.49) | 14.8 | 1.44 (1.24) | 16.2 | 1.88 (1.54) |
Mizoram (1 097 206) | 15.0 | 1.87 (1.78) | 13.9 | 1.63 (1.56) | 16.4 | 2.19 (2.08) |
Sikkim (610 577) | 10.2 | 1.05 (0.85) | 7.8 | 0.71 (0.54) | 11.7 | 1.32 (1.11) |
Delhi | 14.8 | 1.62 (1.29) | 14.6 | 1.60 (1.27) | 23.4 | 2.47 (2.06) |
CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman). 1Number in parentheses represents the wanted fertility rate. |
Regional vital statistics
[edit]State or UT | Birth rate | Death rate | Natural growth rate | Infant mortality rate | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Rural | Urban | Total | Rural | Urban | Total | Rural | Urban | Total | Rural | Urban | |
Andaman and Nicobar Islands | 15.6 | 15.5 | 15.8 | 4.3 | 4.8 | 3.3 | 11.3 | 10.7 | 12.6 | 25 | 29 | 18 |
Andhra Pradesh | 17.9 | 18.3 | 16.7 | 7.6 | 8.6 | 5.4 | 10.2 | 9.7 | 11.3 | 46 | 51 | 33 |
Arunachal Pradesh | 20.5 | 22.1 | 14.6 | 5.9 | 6.9 | 2.3 | 14.6 | 15.2 | 12.3 | 31 | 34 | 12 |
Assam | 23.2 | 24.4 | 15.8 | 8.2 | 8.6 | 5.8 | 14.9 | 15.8 | 10.1 | 58 | 60 | 36 |
Bihar | 28.1 | 28.8 | 22.0 | 6.8 | 7.0 | 5.6 | 21.3 | 21.8 | 16.4 | 48 | 49 | 38 |
Chandigarh | 15.6 | 21.6 | 15.0 | 3.9 | 3.7 | 3.9 | 11.6 | 17.9 | 11.0 | 22 | 20 | 23 |
Chhattisgarh | 25.3 | 26.8 | 18.6 | 8.0 | 8.4 | 6.2 | 17.3 | 18.4 | 12.4 | 51 | 52 | 44 |
Dadra and Nagar Haveli | 26.6 | 26.0 | 28.6 | 4.7 | 5.1 | 3.3 | 21.9 | 20.9 | 25.3 | 38 | 43 | 22 |
Daman and Diu | 18.8 | 19.1 | 18.3 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 13.9 | 14.2 | 13.6 | 23 | 19 | 29 |
Delhi | 17.8 | 19.7 | 17.5 | 4.2 | 4.6 | 4.1 | 13.6 | 15.0 | 13.4 | 30 | 37 | 29 |
Goa | 13.2 | 12.6 | 13.7 | 6.6 | 8.1 | 5.7 | 6.6 | 4.5 | 8.0 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
Gujarat | 21.8 | 23.3 | 19.4 | 6.7 | 7.5 | 5.5 | 15.1 | 15.8 | 14.0 | 44 | 51 | 30 |
Haryana | 22.3 | 23.3 | 19.8 | 6.6 | 7.0 | 5.6 | 15.7 | 16.3 | 14.3 | 48 | 51 | 38 |
Himachal Pradesh | 16.9 | 17.5 | 11.5 | 6.9 | 7.2 | 4.2 | 10.0 | 10.3 | 7.3 | 40 | 41 | 29 |
Jammu and Kashmir | 18.3 | 19.5 | 13.5 | 5.7 | 5.9 | 4.7 | 12.6 | 13.6 | 8.8 | 43 | 45 | 32 |
Jharkhand | 25.3 | 26.7 | 19.3 | 7.0 | 7.4 | 5.4 | 18.3 | 19.3 | 13.9 | 42 | 44 | 30 |
Karnataka | 19.2 | 20.2 | 17.5 | 7.1 | 8.1 | 5.4 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 38 | 43 | 28 |
Kerala | 14.8 | 14.8 | 14.8 | 7.0 | 7.1 | 6.7 | 7.8 | 7.7 | 8.1 | 13 | 14 | 10 |
Lakshadweep | 14.3 | 15.5 | 13.2 | 6.4 | 6.1 | 6.7 | 8.0 | 9.5 | 6.5 | 25 | 23 | 27 |
Madhya Pradesh | 27.3 | 29.2 | 20.5 | 8.3 | 9.0 | 6.0 | 18.9 | 20.2 | 14.5 | 62 | 67 | 42 |
Maharashtra | 17.1 | 17.6 | 16.4 | 6.5 | 7.5 | 5.3 | 10.6 | 10.2 | 11.1 | 28 | 34 | 20 |
Manipur | 14.9 | 14.8 | 15.3 | 4.2 | 4.3 | 4.0 | 10.7 | 10.5 | 11.3 | 14 | 15 | 9 |
Meghalaya | 24.5 | 26.6 | 14.8 | 7.9 | 8.4 | 5.6 | 16.6 | 18.2 | 9.2 | 55 | 58 | 37 |
Mizoram | 17.1 | 21.1 | 13.0 | 4.5 | 5.4 | 3.7 | 12.5 | 15.7 | 9.3 | 37 | 47 | 21 |
Nagaland | 16.8 | 17.0 | 16.0 | 3.6 | 3.7 | 3.3 | 13.2 | 13.3 | 12.7 | 23 | 24 | 20 |
Odisha | 20.5 | 21.4 | 15.2 | 8.6 | 9.0 | 6.6 | 11.9 | 12.4 | 8.6 | 61 | 63 | 43 |
Puducherry | 16.7 | 16.7 | 16.7 | 7.4 | 8.2 | 7.0 | 9.3 | 8.5 | 9.6 | 22 | 25 | 21 |
Punjab | 16.6 | 17.2 | 15.6 | 7.0 | 7.7 | 5.8 | 9.6 | 9.5 | 9.8 | 34 | 37 | 28 |
Rajasthan | 26.7 | 27.9 | 22.9 | 6.7 | 6.9 | 6.0 | 20.0 | 20.9 | 16.9 | 55 | 61 | 31 |
Sikkim | 17.8 | 18.1 | 16.1 | 5.6 | 5.9 | 3.8 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 30 | 31 | 19 |
Tamil Nadu | 15.9 | 16.0 | 15.8 | 7.6 | 8.2 | 6.9 | 8.3 | 7.8 | 8.9 | 24 | 25 | 22 |
Tripura | 14.9 | 15.6 | 11.5 | 5.0 | 4.8 | 5.7 | 9.9 | 10.8 | 5.8 | 27 | 29 | 19 |
Uttar Pradesh | 28.3 | 29.2 | 24.2 | 8.1 | 8.5 | 6.3 | 20.2 | 20.7 | 17.9 | 61 | 64 | 44 |
Uttarakhand | 19.3 | 20.2 | 16.2 | 6.3 | 6.7 | 5.1 | 13.0 | 13.5 | 11.1 | 38 | 41 | 25 |
West Bengal | 16.8 | 18.6 | 11.9 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.3 | 10.7 | 12.6 | 5.6 | 31 | 32 | 25 |
CIA World Factbook demographic statistics
[edit]The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.
- Total population
- 1,166,079,217 (July 2009 est. CIA),[103]
- 1,210 million (2011 census),[104]
- 1,389,637,446 (May 2022 est.)[105]
- Rural population:
- 62.2%
- male: 381,668,992
- female: 360,948,755
- Age structure:
- 0–14 years: 27.34% (male 186,087,665/female 164,398,204)
- 15–24 years: 17.9% (male 121,879,786/female 107,583,437)
- 25–54 years: 41.08% (male 271,744,709/female 254,834,569)
- 55–64 years: 7.45% (male 47,846,122/female 47,632,532)
- 65+ years: 6.24% (male 37,837,801/female 42,091,086) (2017 est.)
- Median age:
- Total: 29.5 years (2023 est.) (See List of countries by median age.)
- Male: 28 years
- Female: 29.5 years (2020 est.)[106]
- Population growth rate :
- 0.67% (2022 est)[107]
- Literacy rate
- Per cent of population below poverty line:
- 22% (2006 est.)
- Unemployment rate:
- 7.8%
- Net migration rate:
- 0.00 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2020 est.)[106]
- Sex ratio:
- At birth: 1.12 male(s)/female
- Under 10 years: 1.13 male(s)/female
- 15–24 years: 1.13 male(s)/female
- 24–64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
- 65 years and over: 0.9 male(s)/female
- Total population: 1.08 male(s)/female (2017 est.)
- Life expectancy at birth:
- Total population: 69.7 years
- Male: 68.4 years
- Female: 71.2 years (2020 est.)[106]
- Total fertility rate:
The TFR (total number of children born per women) by religion in 2005–2006 was:
- Hindus, 2.7
- Muslims, 3.1
- Christians, 2.4
- Sikhs, 2.0[112]
- Religious Composition:
- Hindus 79.5%
- Muslims 15%
- Christian 2.3%
- Sikh 1.7%
- other and unspecified 2% (2011 est.)[106][113][114][115][116]
- Scheduled castes and tribes:
- Languages
See Languages of India and List of languages by number of native speakers in India. There are 216 languages with more than 10,000 native speakers in India. The largest of these is Hindi with some 337 million, and the second largest is Bengali with 238 million. 22 languages are recognised as official languages. In India, there are 1,652 languages and dialects in total.[119][120]
Caste/Tribe
[edit]Caste and community statistics as recorded from "Socially and Educationally Backward Classes Commission" (SEBC) or Mandal Commission of 1979. This was completed in 1983.
India has chosen not to officially count caste population since then.
The following data are from the Mandal report:[citation needed]
Caste/Tribe | population | percentage | notes |
---|---|---|---|
Total population | 731,000,000 | *Margin of error 0.34% | |
Scheduled castes and tribes | 164,913,600 | ||
Scheduled castes | 110,015,500 | ||
Scheduled tribes | 54,898,100 | ||
Non OBC/SC/ST Hindu castes/communities | 128,509,800 | ||
Brahmin (including Bhumihar) | 40,351,200 | ||
Kshtriyas(Rajput) | 28,509,000 | ||
Maratha | 16,155,100 | ||
Jats | 7,310,000 | ||
Vaishya, Bania, etc. | 13,742,800 | ||
Kayasthas | 7,821,700 | ||
Others [ Including Yadavs (Kshtriyas) ] | 14,620,000 | ||
Non-Hindu communities and groups | 121,346,000 | Non-Hindu scheduled and OBC | |
Muslim (Non S.T) | 81,798,900 | ||
Christian (Non S.T) | 15,789,600 | ||
Sikh (Non scheduled) | 12,207,700 | ||
Buddhist (Non S.T) | 4,897,700 | ||
Jain (Non scheduled) | 3,435,700 | ||
Other backward classes and communities (OBC) | 380,120,000 | *OBC is a derived figure | |
Hindu OBC | 318,716,000 | ||
Non-Hindu OBC | 61,404,000 | *52% of Non-Hindus |
Ethnic groups
[edit]Year | Indo-Aryans and Aryanized people (%) | Dravidian people (%) | Sino-Tibetan people (%) | Austroasiatic (%) | Negrito (%) | Others (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1951 | 71.86 | 23.95 | 2.99 | 0.60 | 0.006 | 0.594 |
1961 | 72.24 | 23.91 | 2.93 | 0.59 | 0.005 | 0.325 |
1971 | 72.02 | 23.49 | 2.94 | 0.59 | 0.005 | 0.955 |
1981 | 71.98 | 23.98 | 2.88 | 0.58 | 0.005 | 0.575 |
1991 | 72.08 | 24.02 | 2.80 | 0.56 | 0.004 | 0.536 |
2001 | 71.25 | 24.89 | 2.83 | 0.57 | 0.004 | 0.456 |
2011 | 70.17 | 25.26 | 2.99 | 0.65 | 0.004 | 0.926 |
Sources:
- Census of India. New Delhi: Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India.
1. **1951 Census of India:** – *Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India.* (1951). *1951 Census of India: Volume I – India (Part II-C) – Languages.* New Delhi: Government of India. Available at [1].
2. **1961 Census of India:**
– *Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India.* (1961). *1961 Census of India: Volume I – India (Part II-C) – Languages.* New Delhi: Government of India. Available at [citation needed].
3. **1971 Census of India:**
– *Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India.* (1971). *1971 Census of India: Volume I – India (Part II-C) – Languages.* New Delhi: Government of India. Available at [citation needed].
4. **1981 Census of India:**
– *Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India.* (1981). *1981 Census of India: Volume II – India (Part II-C) – Languages.* New Delhi: Government of India. Available at [citation needed].
5. **1991 Census of India:**
– *Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India.* (1991). *1991 Census of India: Volume II – India (Part II-C) – Languages.* New Delhi: Government of India. Available at [citation needed].
6. **2001 Census of India:**
– *Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India.* (2001). *2001 Census of India: Volume II – India (Part II-C) – Languages.* New Delhi: Government of India. Available at [citation needed].
7. **2011 Census of India:**
– *Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India.* (2011). *2011 Census of India: Volume II – India (Part II-C) – Languages.* New Delhi: Government of India. Available at [citation needed].
- Singh, K. S. (1992). *People of India: An Introduction*. Anthropological Survey of India. ISBN 8126012215 [citation needed].
2. Ludden, David. (2013). India and South Asia: A Short History. Oneworld Publications. ISBN 1780741086 [citation needed].
3. Bhagat, R. B. (2004). "Census Enumeration in India, 1991 and 2001: Issues and Concerns." Economic and Political Weekly[citation needed].
Race and ethnicity
[edit]The national Census of India does not recognise racial or ethnic groups within India,[121] but recognises many of the tribal groups as Scheduled Castes and Tribes (see list of Scheduled Tribes in India). For a list of ethnic groups in the Republic of India (as well as neighbouring countries), see South Asian ethnic groups.
According to a 2009 study published by Reich et al.., the modern Indian population is composed of two genetically divergent and heterogeneous populations which mixed in ancient times (about 1,200–3,500 BP), known as Ancestral North Indians (ANI) and Ancestral South Indians (ASI). ASI corresponds to the Dravidian-speaking population of southern India, whereas ANI corresponds to the Indo-Aryan-speaking population of northern India.[124][125] 700,000 people from the United States of any race live in India.[126] Between 300,000 and 1 million Anglo-Indians live in India.[127]
India is a country with a vast diversity of ethnic groups, each with its own distinct culture, language, and traditions. The major ethnic groups in India include the Indo-Aryans, Dravidians, Sino-Tibetans, Austroasiatic peoples, and various indigenous tribes. These groups are spread across different regions of India, each contributing to the country's rich cultural mosaic.
Major Ethnic Groups
[edit]Indo-Aryans and Aryanized People
[edit]Geographical Distribution: Predominantly in North India, including states like Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Bihar, and parts of Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra.
General Phenotype: Indo-Aryans typically have light to medium to dark skin tones, with a range of hair colors from black to brown. Facial features can include prominent noses and well-defined bone structures.
Sources:
- C. Majumdar, R. Mukherjee, "The History and Culture of the Indian People," Bhāratīya Itihāsa Samiti, 1951.[128]
- S. B. Singh, "The Indo-Aryans of Ancient South Asia," Cambridge University Press, 1995. ISBN 052141739X.[129]
Dravidian People
[edit]Geographical Distribution: Predominantly in South India, including states like Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, and Kerala.
General Phenotype: Dravidians generally have darker skin tones, curly to wavy hair, and distinct facial features such as broader noses and fuller lips.
Sources:
- K. R. Subramanian, "The Dravidian Contribution to Indian Culture," Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, 1966.[130]
- M. A. Rao, "History of South India," S. Chand & Company, 1976.[131]
Sino-Tibetan People
[edit]Geographical Distribution: Predominantly in Northeast India, including states like Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram, and parts of Sikkim.
General Phenotype: Sino-Tibetan people often have lighter skin tones, straight black hair, and epicanthic folds in their eyelids, which are characteristic of East Asian phenotypes.
Sources:
- H. Risley, "The Tribes and Castes of Bengal," Calcutta, 1891.[132]
- R. B. Singh, "Ethnic Groups of North-East India," Concept Publishing Company, 1994. ISBN 8170224974.[133]
Austroasiatic Peoples
[edit]Geographical Distribution: Scattered across central and eastern India, with significant populations in Jharkhand, Odisha, West Bengal, and Chhattisgarh.
General Phenotype: Austroasiatic people generally have light to medium to dark skin tones, wavy to curly hair, and facial features that are somewhat intermediate between Dravidian and Sino-Tibetan populations.
Sources:
- D. Balakrishnan, "Austroasiatic and Other Languages of Eastern India," Calcutta University Press, 1961.[134]
- N. Chakrabarti, "The Austroasiatic Peoples of India," Anthropological Survey of India, 2003.[135]
Negrito
[edit]Geographical Distribution: Primarily in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
General Phenotype: Negrito people typically have very dark skin, tightly curled hair, and small statures.
Sources:
- L. A. Waddell, "The Tribes of the Andaman Islands," Cambridge University Press, 1901.[136]
- V. Ball, "Jungle Life in India," Dehli, 1972.[137]
Genetics
[edit]Y-chromosome DNA
[edit]Y-Chromosome DNA Y-DNA represents the male lineage, The Indian Y-chromosome pool may be summarised as follows where haplogroups R-M420, H, R2, L and NOP comprise generally more than 80% of the total chromosomes.[139]
H | ||
R1a | ||
R2 | ||
L | ||
NOP | (Excluding R) | |
Other Haplogroups |
Mitochondrial DNA
[edit]Mitochondrial DNA mtDNA represents the female lineage. The Indian mitochondrial DNA is primarily made up of Haplogroup M[141]
Haplogroup M | ||
Haplogroup UK | ||
Haplogroup N | (Excluding UK) |
Autosomal DNA
[edit]Numerous genomic studies have been conducted in the last 15 years to seek insights into India's demographic and cultural diversity. These studies paint a complex and conflicting picture.
- In a 2003 study, Basu, Majumder et al.. have concluded on the basis of results obtained from mtDNA, Y-chromosome and autosomal markers that "(1) there is an underlying unity of female lineages in India, indicating that the initial number of female settlers may have been small; (2) the tribal and the caste populations are highly differentiated; (3) the Austroasiatic tribals are the earliest settlers in India, providing support to one anthropological hypothesis while refuting some others; (4) a major wave of humans entered India through the northeast; (5) the Tibeto-Burman tribals share considerable genetic commonalities with the Austroasiatic tribals, supporting the hypothesis that they may have shared a common habitat in southern China, but the two groups of tribals can be differentiated on the basis of Y-chromosomal haplotypes; (6) the Dravidian speaking populations were possibly widespread throughout India but are regulated to South India now; (7) formation of populations by fission that resulted in founder and drift effects have left their imprints on the genetic structures of contemporary populations; (8) the upper castes show closer genetic affinities with Central Asian populations, although those of southern India are more distant than those of northern India; (9) historical gene flow into India has contributed to a considerable obliteration of genetic histories of contemporary populations so that there is at present no clear congruence of genetic and geographical or sociocultural affinities."[142]
- In a later 2010 review article, Majumder affirms some of these conclusions, introduces and revises some other. The ongoing studies, concludes Majumder, suggest India has served as the major early corridor for geographical dispersal of modern humans from out-of-Africa. The archaeological and genetic traces of the earliest settlers in India has not provided any conclusive evidence. The tribal populations of India are older than the non-tribal populations. The autosomal differentiation and genetic diversity within India's caste populations at 0.04 is significantly lower than 0.14 for continental populations and 0.09 for 31 world population sets studied by Watkins et al.., suggesting that while tribal populations were differentiated, the differentiation effects within India's caste population was less than previously thought. Majumder also concludes that recent studies suggest India has been a major contributor to the gene pool of southeast Asia.[143][144]
- Another study covering a large sample of Indian populations allowed Watkins et al.. to examine eight Indian caste groups and four endogamous south Indian tribal populations. The Indian castes data show low between-group differences, while the tribal Indian groups show relatively high between-group differentiation. This suggests that people between Indian castes were not reproductively isolated, while Indian tribal populations experienced reproductive isolation and drift. Furthermore, the genetic fixation index data show historical genetic differentiation and segregation between Indian castes population is much smaller than those found in east Asia, Africa and other continental populations; while being similar to the genetic differentiation and segregation observed in European populations.[144]
- In 2006, Sahoo et al.. reported their analysis of genomic data on 936 Y-chromosomes representing 32 tribal and 45 caste groups from different regions of India. These scientists find that the haplogroup frequency distribution across the country, between different caste groups, was found to be predominantly driven by geographical, rather than cultural determinants. They conclude there is clear evidence for both large-scale immigration into ancient India of Sino-Tibetan speakers and language change of former Austroasiatic speakers, in the northeast Indian region.[145][146]
- The genome studies conducted up until 2010 have been on relatively small population sets. Many are from just one southeastern state of Andhra Pradesh (including Telangana, which was part of the state until June 2014). Thus, any conclusions on demographic history of India must be interpreted with caution. A larger national genome study with demographic growth and sex ratio balances may offer further insights on the extent of genetic differentiation and segregation in India over the millenniums.[143]
See also
[edit]- Census in British India
- Culture of India
- Non-resident Indian and Overseas Citizen of India
- Immigration to India
- Demographics of Central Asia
- Female foeticide in India
- Hinduism in India
- Jainism in India
- Sikhism in India
- Islam in India
- Christianity in India
- Judaism in India
- Zoroastrianism in India
- Irreligion in India
Government
[edit]Lists
[edit]- List of states and union territories of India by population
- List of states and union territories of India by fertility rate
- List of Indian states by life expectancy at birth
- List of cities in India by population
- List of metropolitan areas in India
- List of million-plus urban agglomerations in India
Charts
[edit]Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Notes
[edit]- ^ includes Bihari languages, Bajri Rajasthani languages, Pahari, Awadhi language, Bagheli/Baghel Khan Language, Banjari Language. A total of 12 types.
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[edit]- Arnold, David. Pandemic India: From Cholera to COVID-19 (Oxford University Press, 2022). Venkatesh, Archana (January 2023). "Review of Arnold, David, Pandemic India: From Cholera to Covid-19". H-Net Reviews.
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- Chamie, Joseph; Mirkin, Barry (August 2017), "Busting at the seams: India is unprepared for a near future when it will be the world's most populous country", Quartz. Joseph Chamie is former director of the United Nations Population Division and Barry Mirkin is former chief of the Population Policy Section of the United Nations Population Division.
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- Lal, K. S. (1995). Growth of scheduled tribes and castes in medieval India. New Delhi: Aditya Prakashan.
External links
[edit]- Census of India; government site with detailed data from 2001 census
- Anthropological Survey of India
- Population of India as per Census India 2011
- Census of India map generator; generates maps based on 2001 census figures
- Demographic data for India; provides sources of demographic data for India
- 2001 maps; provides maps of social, economic and demographic data of India in 2001
- Population of India 2011 map; distribution of population amongst states and union territories
- India's Demographic Outlook: Implications and Trends
- "World Population Prospects Archived 1 January 2023 at the Wayback Machine": Country Profile – India
- Aggregated demographic statistics from Indian and global data sources
- Demographic statistics for India – online on Bluenomics
- India comparing with China population projection graph Based on data from database of UN Population Division.