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{{short description|American software company}} |
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{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2012}} |
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{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2019}} |
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{{Infobox company |
{{Infobox company |
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| name = Xamarin |
| name = Xamarin Inc. |
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| logo = Xamarin-logo.svg |
| logo = Xamarin-logo.svg |
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| caption = |
| caption = |
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| type = [[Subsidiary |
| type = [[Subsidiary]] |
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| traded_as = |
| traded_as = |
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| predecessor = |
| predecessor = |
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| foundation = {{Start date and age|2011|05|16}}<ref>{{cite web | url = http://tirania.org/blog/archive/2011/May-16.html | title = Announcing Xamarin | publisher = Miguel de Icaza | access-date = May 16, 2011 | url-status = live | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110518030128/http://tirania.org/blog/archive/2011/May-16.html | archive-date = May 18, 2011 | df = mdy-all }}</ref> |
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| successor = |
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| founder = |
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| foundation = {{Start date and age|2011|05|16}}<ref>{{cite web | url = http://tirania.org/blog/archive/2011/May-16.html | title = Announcing Xamarin | publisher = Miguel de Icaza | accessdate = May 16, 2011 }}</ref> |
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| fate = |
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| fate = [[Takeover|Acquired]] by [[Microsoft]] (February 24, 2016) |
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| location_country = |
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| location = [[San Francisco, California]] |
| location = [[San Francisco, California]] |
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| locations = |
| locations = |
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| area_served = |
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| key_people = [[Miguel de Icaza]], [[Nat Friedman]] |
| key_people = [[Miguel de Icaza]], [[Nat Friedman]] |
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| industry = [[Software industry]] |
| industry = [[Software industry]] |
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| products = |
| products = |
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| aum = <!-- Only used with financial services companies --> |
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| parent = [[Microsoft]] (2016–present) |
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| homepage = {{URL| |
| homepage = {{URL|xamarin.com}} |
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| footnotes = |
| footnotes = <ref name=InformationWeek1>{{cite news|last=Binstock|first=Andrew|title=NET Alternative in Transition|url=http://www.informationweek.com/news/development/architecture-design/229700276|access-date=March 18, 2012|newspaper=[[InformationWeek]]|date=June 11, 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111207173458/http://www.informationweek.com/news/development/architecture-design/229700276|archive-date=December 7, 2011}}</ref> |
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| intl = |
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}} |
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'''Xamarin''' is a Microsoft-owned [[San Francisco |
'''Xamarin''' is a Microsoft-owned [[San Francisco]]-based software company founded in May 2011<ref name=InformationWeek1/> by the engineers that created [[Mono (software)|Mono]],<ref>{{cite web |
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|author = Miguel de Icaza |
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|author-link = Miguel de Icaza |
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| date= May 16, 2011 |
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|date = May 16, 2011 |
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| url= http://tirania.org/blog/archive/2011/May-16.html |
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|url = http://tirania.org/blog/archive/2011/May-16.html |
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| title= <nowiki>Miguel de Icaza</nowiki> |
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|title = <nowiki>Miguel de Icaza</nowiki> |
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| accessdate=May 16, 2011 |
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|access-date = May 16, 2011 |
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}}</ref> [[Mono (software)#Mono for Android|Mono for Android]] and [[Mono (software)#MonoTouch|MonoTouch]] that are [[cross-platform]] implementations of the [[Common Language Infrastructure]] (CLI) and Common Language Specifications (often called Microsoft .NET). |
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|url-status = live |
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110518030128/http://tirania.org/blog/archive/2011/May-16.html |
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|archive-date = May 18, 2011 |
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|df = mdy-all |
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}}</ref> [[Mono (software)#Xamarin.Android|Xamarin.Android]] (formerly Mono for Android) and [[Mono (software)#Xamarin.iOS|Xamarin.iOS]] (formerly MonoTouch), which are [[cross-platform]] implementations of the [[Common Language Infrastructure]] (CLI) and Common Language Specifications (often called Microsoft .NET). |
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With a [[C Sharp (programming language)|C#]]-shared codebase, developers can use Xamarin tools to write native [[Android (operating system)|Android]], [[iOS]], and [[Windows]] [[Mobile app|app]]s with |
With a [[C Sharp (programming language)|C#]]-shared codebase, developers can use Xamarin tools to write [[Native (computing)|native]] [[Android (operating system)|Android]], [[iOS]], and [[Windows]] [[Mobile app|app]]s with native [[user interface]]s and share code across multiple platforms, including [[Windows]], [[macOS]], and [[Linux]].<ref>{{cite web |
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|url = http://xamarin.com/tour |
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|title = <nowiki>What is Xamarin?</nowiki> |
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|access-date = April 1, 2014 |
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|url-status = live |
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}}</ref> Over 1 million developers use Xamarin's products in more than 120 countries around the world as of May 2015.<ref name=XamarinAbout>{{cite web |
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140227232559/http://xamarin.com/tour |
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| title=About Xamarin |
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|archive-date = February 27, 2014 |
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| url=https://xamarin.com/about |
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|df = mdy-all |
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| accessdate=May 21, 2015 |
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}}</ref> According to Xamarin, over 1.4 million developers were using Xamarin's products in 120 countries around the world as of April 2017.<ref name="XamarinAbout">{{cite web|url=https://xamarin.com/about|title=About Xamarin|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317204417/https://www.xamarin.com/about|archive-date=March 17, 2017|url-status=live|access-date=April 23, 2017}}</ref> |
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}}</ref> |
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On February 24, 2016, Microsoft announced it signed a definitive agreement to [[List of mergers and acquisitions by Microsoft|acquire]] Xamarin.<ref name="blogs.microsoft.com">{{Cite web|title = Microsoft to acquire Xamarin and empower more developers to build apps on any device|url = http://blogs.microsoft.com/blog/2016/02/24/microsoft-to-acquire-xamarin-and-empower-more-developers-to-build-apps-on-any-device/|website = Official [[Microsoft]] Blog|access-date = 2016-02-24| |
On February 24, 2016, Microsoft announced it had signed a definitive agreement to [[List of mergers and acquisitions by Microsoft|acquire]] Xamarin.<ref name="blogs.microsoft.com">{{Cite web|title = Microsoft to acquire Xamarin and empower more developers to build apps on any device|url = http://blogs.microsoft.com/blog/2016/02/24/microsoft-to-acquire-xamarin-and-empower-more-developers-to-build-apps-on-any-device/|website = Official [[Microsoft]] Blog| date=February 24, 2016 |access-date = February 24, 2016|language = en-US|url-status = live|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160224232629/http://blogs.microsoft.com/blog/2016/02/24/microsoft-to-acquire-xamarin-and-empower-more-developers-to-build-apps-on-any-device/|archive-date = February 24, 2016|df = mdy-all}}</ref> |
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Microsoft ended support for Xamarin on May 1, 2024 in favor of [[.NET MAUI]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Xamarin official support policy {{!}} .NET |url=https://dotnet.microsoft.com/en-us/platform/support/policy/xamarin |access-date=2024-06-05 |website=Microsoft |language=en-US}}</ref> |
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__TOC__ |
__TOC__ |
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== History == |
== History == |
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=== |
=== Origins in Ximian and Mono === |
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[[File:Miguel De Icaza 2006-11-08.jpg|thumb|[[Miguel de Icaza]] in 2006]] |
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[[File:20060424 Nat Friedman.jpg|thumb|[[Nat Friedman]] in 2006]] |
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In June 2000, Microsoft first announced their [[.NET Framework]].<ref>[http://www.zdnetasia.com/microsoft-sees-nothing-but-net-ahead-10028684.htm "Microsoft sees nothing but .NET ahead"], Steven Bonisteel, ZDNet, June 23, 2000</ref> [[Miguel de Icaza]] of [[Ximian]] began investigating whether a [[Linux]] version was feasible.<ref name=mdi>{{cite web |
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In 1999 [[Miguel de Icaza]] and [[Nat Friedman]] launched what eventually became known as [[Ximian]] to support and develop software for de Icaza's nascent [[GNOME]] project. After Microsoft first announced their [[.NET Framework]] in June 2000,<ref>[http://www.zdnetasia.com/microsoft-sees-nothing-but-net-ahead-10028684.htm "Microsoft sees nothing but .NET ahead"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111105195731/http://www.zdnetasia.com/microsoft-sees-nothing-but-net-ahead-10028684.htm |date=November 5, 2011 }}, Steven Bonisteel, ZDNet, June 23, 2000</ref> de Icaza began investigating whether a [[Linux]] version was feasible.<ref name=mdi>{{cite web |
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| url=http://lists.ximian.com/archives/public/mono-list/2003-October/016345.html |
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|url = http://lists.ximian.com/archives/public/mono-list/2003-October/016345.html |
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| title=Mono early history |
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|title = Mono early history |
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| publisher=Mono-list |
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|publisher = Mono-list |
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| date=October 13, 2003 |
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|date = October 13, 2003 |
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}}</ref> The [[Mono (software)|Mono]] open source project was launched on July 19, 2001. Ximian was bought by [[Novell]] on August 4, 2003, which was then acquired by [[Attachmate]] in April 2011.<ref>{{cite web |
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|url-status = dead |
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| title=The Attachmate Group Completes Acquisition of Novell |
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110606210557/http://lists.ximian.com/archives/public/mono-list/2003-October/016345.html |
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| url=http://www.attachmate.com/Press/PressReleases/attachmate-group-completes-aquisition-of-novell.htm |
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|archive-date = June 6, 2011 |
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| accessdate=April 1, 2014 |
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|df = mdy-all |
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| date=April 27, 2011 |
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|access-date = May 21, 2011 |
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}}</ref> The [[Mono (software)|Mono]] open source project was launched on July 19, 2001. Ximian was bought by [[Novell]] on August 4, 2003, which was then acquired by [[The Attachmate Group|Attachmate]] in April 2011.<ref>{{cite web |
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|title = The Attachmate Group Completes Acquisition of Novell |
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|url = http://www.attachmate.com/Press/PressReleases/attachmate-group-completes-aquisition-of-novell.htm |
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|access-date = April 1, 2014 |
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|date = April 27, 2011 |
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|url-status = live |
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140430065124/http://www.attachmate.com/Press/PressReleases/attachmate-group-completes-aquisition-of-novell.htm |
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|archive-date = April 30, 2014 |
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|df = mdy-all |
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}}</ref> |
}}</ref> |
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After the acquisition, Attachmate announced hundreds of layoffs for the Novell workforce, including Mono developers,<ref>{{cite web |
After the acquisition, Attachmate announced hundreds of layoffs for the Novell workforce, including Mono developers,<ref>{{cite web |
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|url = http://www.ksl.com/?nid=148&sid=15382738 |
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|title = Employees say hundreds laid off at Novell's Provo office |
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|last = Koep |
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|first = Paul |
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| publisher=[[KSL-TV]] |
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|publisher = [[KSL-TV]] |
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| date=May 2, 2011 |
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|date = May 2, 2011 |
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| accessdate=May 7, 2011}}</ref> putting the future of Mono in question.<ref>{{cite web |
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|access-date = May 7, 2011 |
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| url=http://www.zdnet.com/blog/open-source/is-mono-dead-is-novell-dying/8821 |
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|url-status = live |
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| title=Is Mono dead? Is Novell dying? |
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110505142933/http://www.ksl.com/?nid=148&sid=15382738 |
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| last=J. Vaughan-Nichols|first=Steven |
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|archive-date = May 5, 2011 |
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| publisher=[[ZDNet]] |
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|df = mdy-all |
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| date=May 4, 2011 |
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}}</ref> putting the future of Mono in question.<ref>{{cite web |
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|url = http://www.zdnet.com/blog/open-source/is-mono-dead-is-novell-dying/8821 |
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|title = Is Mono dead? Is Novell dying? |
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| title=.NET Android and iOS clones stripped by Attachmate |
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|last = J. Vaughan-Nichols |
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| last=Clarke|first=Gavin |
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|first = Steven |
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| publisher=[[The Register]] |
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|publisher = [[ZDNet]] |
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| date=May 3, 2011 |
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|date = May 4, 2011 |
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|access-date = May 7, 2011 |
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|url-status = dead |
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110508012204/http://www.zdnet.com/blog/open-source/is-mono-dead-is-novell-dying/8821 |
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|archive-date = May 8, 2011 |
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|df = mdy-all |
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}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |
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|url = https://www.theregister.co.uk/2011/05/03/novell_mono_layoffs/ |
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|title = .NET Android and iOS clones stripped by Attachmate |
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|last = Clarke |
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|first = Gavin |
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|publisher = [[The Register]] |
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|date = May 3, 2011 |
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|access-date = May 7, 2011 |
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|url-status = live |
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110506045529/http://www.theregister.co.uk/2011/05/03/novell_mono_layoffs/ |
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|archive-date = May 6, 2011 |
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|df = mdy-all |
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}}</ref> |
}}</ref> |
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=== Founding |
=== Founding Xamarin === |
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On May 16, 2011, Miguel de Icaza announced on his blog that Mono would be developed and supported by Xamarin, a newly formed company that planned to release a new suite of mobile products. According to de Icaza, at least part of the original Mono team had moved to the new company. |
On May 16, 2011, Miguel de Icaza announced on his blog that Mono would be developed and supported by '''Xamarin''', a newly formed company that planned to release a new suite of mobile products. According to de Icaza, at least part of the original Mono team had moved to the new company. |
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| url=http://tirania.org/blog/archive/2011/May-16.html |
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The name Xamarin comes from the name of the [[Tamarin]] monkey, replacing the leading T with an X. This is in line with the naming theme used ever since Ximian was started.<ref>{{Cite web |
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| title=Announcing Xamarin |
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|author = John K. Waters |
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| last=De Icaza|first=Miguel |
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|title = Interview with Miguel de Icaza |
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| quote=''Now, two weeks later, we have a plan in place, which includes both angel funding for keeping the team together, as well as a couple of engineering contracts that will help us stay together as a team while we ship our revenue generating products'' |
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|url = https://adtmag.com/blogs/watersworks/2011/05/interview-with-miguel-de-icaza.aspx |
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| date=May 16, 2011 |
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|date = May 20, 2011 |
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|url-status = live |
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170222121453/https://adtmag.com/blogs/watersworks/2011/05/interview-with-miguel-de-icaza.aspx |
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|archive-date = February 22, 2017 |
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|df = mdy-all |
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}}</ref> |
}}</ref> |
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After |
After Xamarin was announced, the future of the project was questioned since MonoTouch and Mono for Android would now be in direct competition with the existing commercial offerings owned by Attachmate. It was not known at that time how Xamarin would prove they had not illegally used technologies previously developed when they were employed by Novell for the same work.<ref>{{cite web |
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|url = http://www.infoq.com/news/2011/05/Mono-II |
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|title = The Death and Rebirth of Mono |
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|publisher = infoq.com |
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|quote = ''Even if they aren't supporting it, they do own a product that is in direct competition with Xamarin's future offerings. Without some sort of legal arrangement between Attachmate and Xamarin, the latter would face the daunting prospect of proving that their new development doesn't use any the technology that the old one did. Considering that this is really just a wrapper around the native API, it would be hard to prove you had a clean-room implementation even for a team that wasn't intimately familiar with Attachmate's code.'' |
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|date = May 17, 2011 |
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|access-date = May 29, 2011 |
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|url-status = live |
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110521020915/http://www.infoq.com/news/2011/05/Mono-II |
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|archive-date = May 21, 2011 |
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|df = mdy-all |
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}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |
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|url = https://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2011/jul/05/xamarin-monotouch-monodroid-future |
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|title = What now for cross-platform mobile C#? |
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|author = Matthew Baxter-Reynolds |
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|work = The Guardian |
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|quote = ''But with a total lack of clarity as to whether Novell will allow Xamarin to sell their new products, or whether agreements exist to facilitate such a scenario, we're left in an unpleasant world of not having a compelling or workable solution for compromise free, multi-platform development.'' |
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|date = July 5, 2011 |
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|access-date = July 15, 2011 |
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|url-status = live |
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160424065230/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2011/jul/05/xamarin-monotouch-monodroid-future |
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|archive-date = April 24, 2016 |
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|df = mdy-all |
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}}</ref> |
}}</ref> |
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In July 2011, however, Novell |
In July 2011, however, Novell – now a subsidiary of Attachmate – and Xamarin announced that Novell had granted a perpetual license to Xamarin for Mono, MonoTouch and Mono for Android, and Xamarin formally and legally took official stewardship of the project.<ref>{{cite web |
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|url = http://www.suse.com/company/press/2011/7/suse-and-xamarin-partner-to-accelerate-innovation-and-support-mono-customers-and-community.html |
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|title = SUSE and Xamarin Partner to Accelerate Innovation and Support Mono Customers and Community |
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|publisher = [[Novell]] |
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|quote = ''The agreement grants Xamarin a broad, perpetual license to all intellectual property covering Mono, MonoTouch, Mono for Android and Mono Tools for Visual Studio. Xamarin will also provide technical support to SUSE customers using Mono-based products, and assume stewardship of the Mono open source community project.'' |
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|date = July 18, 2011 |
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|access-date = July 18, 2011 |
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|url-status = live |
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| url=http://tirania.org/blog/archive/2011/Jul-18.html |
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111017024757/http://www.suse.com/company/press/2011/7/suse-and-xamarin-partner-to-accelerate-innovation-and-support-mono-customers-and-community.html |
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| title=Novell/Xamarin Partnership around Mono |
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|archive-date = October 17, 2011 |
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| last=De Icaza|first=Miguel |
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|df = mdy-all |
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| date=July 18, 2011 |
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}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |
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| accessdate=July 18, 2011}}</ref> |
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|url = http://tirania.org/blog/archive/2011/Jul-18.html |
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|title = Novell/Xamarin Partnership around Mono |
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|last = De Icaza |
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|first = Miguel |
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|date = July 18, 2011 |
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|access-date = July 18, 2011 |
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|url-status = live |
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110720045000/http://tirania.org/blog/archive/2011/Jul-18.html |
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|archive-date = July 20, 2011 |
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|df = mdy-all |
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}}</ref> |
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=== Product |
=== Product development === |
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In December 2012, Xamarin released Xamarin.Mac,<ref>{{cite web |
In December 2012, Xamarin released Xamarin.Mac,<ref>{{cite web |
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|url = http://blog.xamarin.com/your-app-on-66-million-macs-c-sharp-on-mac/ |
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|title = Your C# App on 66 Million Macs: Announcing Xamarin.Mac |
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|publisher = Xamarin |
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|date = December 12, 2012 |
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|access-date = July 12, 2013 |
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|url-status = live |
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}}</ref> a plugin for the existing [[MonoDevelop]] [[Integrated development environment]] (IDE), which allows developers to build C#-based applications for the Apple [[OS X]] operating system and package them for publishing via the Apple [[App Store (iOS)|App Store]]. |
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130719130920/http://blog.xamarin.com/your-app-on-66-million-macs-c-sharp-on-mac/ |
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|archive-date = July 19, 2013 |
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|df = mdy-all |
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}}</ref> a plugin for the existing [[MonoDevelop]] [[Integrated development environment]] (IDE), which allows developers to build C#-based applications for the Apple's [[macOS]] operating system and package them for publishing via the [[App Store (macOS)|App Store]]. |
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In February 2013, Xamarin announced the release of Xamarin 2.0.<ref>{{cite web |
In February 2013, Xamarin announced the release of Xamarin 2.0.<ref>{{cite web |
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|url = http://blog.xamarin.com/announcing-xamarin-2.0/ |
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|title = Announcing Xamarin 2.0 |
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|publisher = Xamarin |
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|date = February 20, 2013 |
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|access-date = July 12, 2013 |
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|url-status = live |
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130627074458/http://blog.xamarin.com/announcing-xamarin-2.0/ |
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|archive-date = June 27, 2013 |
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|df = mdy-all |
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}}</ref> The release included two main components: '''Xamarin Studio''', a re-branding of its open-source IDE Monodevelop;<ref name=drdobbsreview>{{cite web |
}}</ref> The release included two main components: '''Xamarin Studio''', a re-branding of its open-source IDE Monodevelop;<ref name=drdobbsreview>{{cite web |
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|url = http://www.drdobbs.com/tools/xamarin-20-review/240150634 |
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|title = Xamarin 2.0 Review |
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|publisher = [[Dr Dobbs|Dr Dobb's Journal]] |
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|quote = ''Xamarin 2.0 bundles the company's Android, iOS and Mac development tools in a single affordable package'' |
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|date = March 12, 2013 |
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|access-date = July 12, 2013 |
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|url-status = live |
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}}</ref> and integration with [[Microsoft Visual Studio|Visual Studio]], Microsoft's IDE for the .NET Framework, allowing Visual Studio to be used for creating applications for Android and iOS, as well as for Windows. |
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130702210545/http://www.drdobbs.com/tools/xamarin-20-review/240150634 |
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|archive-date = July 2, 2013 |
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|df = mdy-all |
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}}</ref> and integration with [[Microsoft Visual Studio|Visual Studio]], Microsoft's IDE for the .NET Framework, allowing Visual Studio to be used for creating applications for Android, iOS and Windows.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://headworks.io/blog/12-benefits-of-Xamarin-Cross-platform-app-development|title=12 benefits of Xamarin Cross-platform app development|date=15 Mar 2019|website=HeadWorks}}</ref> |
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=== Funding === |
=== Funding === |
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On July 17, 2013 Xamarin announced that they had closed $16 million in [[Series B]] funding led by Lead Edge Capital.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Lardinois|first1=Frederic|title=Xamarin Raises $16M Series B Round Led By Lead Edge Capital, Passes 20,000 Paid Developer Seats|url=http://techcrunch.com/2013/07/17/xamarin-raises-16m-series-b-round-led-by-lead-edge-capital-passes-20000-paid-developer-seats/|accessdate=15 January 2015|work=TechCrunch|date=17 July 2013}}</ref> Several investors from their [[Series A]] funding also participated, including [[Charles River Ventures]], [[Floodgate Fund | Floodgate]], and Ignition Partners. On August 21, 2014 Xamarin successfully closed an additional $54 million in Series C funding, which is one of the largest rounds of funding ever raised by a mobile app development platform.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Lardinois|first1=Frederic|title=Cross-Platform Development Platform Xamarin Raises $54M Series C|url=http://techcrunch.com/2014/08/21/cross-platform-development-platform-xamarin-raises-54m-series-c/|accessdate=15 January 2015|work=TechCrunch|date=21 August 2014}}</ref> Total funding for the company to date is $82 million.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Kepes|first1=Ben|title=Xamarin Raises $54 Million--Because M&A... And Mobile|url=http://www.forbes.com/sites/benkepes/2014/08/21/xamarin-raises-54-million-because-ma-and-mobile/|accessdate=15 January 2015|work=Forbes|date=21 August 2014}}</ref> |
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On July 17, 2013, Xamarin announced that they had closed $16 million (~${{Format price|{{Inflation|index=US-GDP|value=16000000|start_year=2013}}}} in {{Inflation/year|US-GDP}}) in [[Series B]] funding led by Lead Edge Capital.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Lardinois|first1=Frederic|title=Xamarin Raises $16M Series B Round Led By Lead Edge Capital, Passes 20,000 Paid Developer Seats|url=https://techcrunch.com/2013/07/17/xamarin-raises-16m-series-b-round-led-by-lead-edge-capital-passes-20000-paid-developer-seats/|access-date=January 15, 2015|work=TechCrunch|date=July 17, 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150120070414/http://techcrunch.com/2013/07/17/xamarin-raises-16m-series-b-round-led-by-lead-edge-capital-passes-20000-paid-developer-seats/|archive-date=January 20, 2015}}</ref> Several investors from their [[Series A]] funding also participated, including [[Charles River Ventures]], [[Floodgate Fund|Floodgate]], and Ignition Partners. On August 21, 2014, Xamarin successfully closed an additional $54 million (~${{Format price|{{Inflation|index=US-GDP|value=54000000|start_year=2014}}}} in {{Inflation/year|US-GDP}}) in Series C funding, which is one of the largest rounds of funding ever raised by a mobile app development platform.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Lardinois|first1=Frederic|title=Cross-Platform Development Platform Xamarin Raises $54M Series C|url=https://techcrunch.com/2014/08/21/cross-platform-development-platform-xamarin-raises-54m-series-c/|access-date=January 15, 2015|work=TechCrunch|date=August 21, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150119055847/http://techcrunch.com/2014/08/21/cross-platform-development-platform-xamarin-raises-54m-series-c/|archive-date=January 19, 2015}}</ref> As of August 2014 the total funding for the company was $82 million (~${{Format price|{{Inflation|index=US-GDP|value=82000000|start_year=2014}}}} in {{Inflation/year|US-GDP}}).<ref>{{cite news|last1=Kepes|first1=Ben|title=Xamarin Raises $54 Million--Because M&A... And Mobile|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/benkepes/2014/08/21/xamarin-raises-54-million-because-ma-and-mobile/|access-date=January 15, 2015|work=Forbes|date=August 21, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141230000227/http://www.forbes.com/sites/benkepes/2014/08/21/xamarin-raises-54-million-because-ma-and-mobile/|archive-date=December 30, 2014}}</ref> |
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=== Acquisition === |
=== Acquisition === |
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On February 24, 2016 Xamarin and [[Microsoft]] announced that Microsoft signed a definitive agreement to acquire Xamarin.<ref name="blogs.microsoft.com"/><ref>{{Cite web|title = Breaking: Microsoft acquires Xamarin, a leading platform provider for mobile app development.|url = http://mspoweruser.com/breaking-microsoft-acquires-xamarin-a-leading-platform-provider-for-mobile-app-development/|website = Microsoft PowerUser|access-date = 2016-02-24|language = en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title = Microsoft Agrees to Acquire Xamarin Inc. Deal reflects efforts to increase Microsoft software’s presence on devices beyond those that run Windows.|url = http://www.wsj.com/articles/microsoft-agrees-to-acquire-xamarin-inc-1456340494|website = Wall Street Journal|access-date = 2016-02-24|language = en-US}}</ref> Terms of the deal weren’t disclosed, though the WSJ reported the price at between $400 million and $500 million. |
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On February 24, 2016, Xamarin and [[Microsoft]] announced that Microsoft signed a definitive agreement to acquire Xamarin.<ref name="blogs.microsoft.com"/><ref>{{Cite web|title = Breaking: Microsoft acquires Xamarin, a leading platform provider for mobile app development.|url = http://mspoweruser.com/breaking-microsoft-acquires-xamarin-a-leading-platform-provider-for-mobile-app-development/|website = Microsoft PowerUser| date=February 24, 2016 |access-date = February 24, 2016|language = en-US|url-status = live|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160227023930/http://mspoweruser.com/breaking-microsoft-acquires-xamarin-a-leading-platform-provider-for-mobile-app-development/|archive-date = February 27, 2016|df = mdy-all}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title = Microsoft Agrees to Acquire Xamarin Inc. Deal reflects efforts to increase Microsoft software's presence on devices beyond those that run Windows.|url = https://www.wsj.com/articles/microsoft-agrees-to-acquire-xamarin-inc-1456340494|website = Wall Street Journal| date=February 24, 2016 |access-date = February 24, 2016|language = en-US|url-status = live|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160224211456/http://www.wsj.com/articles/microsoft-agrees-to-acquire-xamarin-inc-1456340494|archive-date = February 24, 2016|df = mdy-all| last1=Greene | first1=Jay }}</ref> Terms of the deal were not disclosed, though the Wall Street Journal reported the price at between $400 million and $500 million.{{Better source needed|date=June 2018}} |
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=== As a part of Microsoft === |
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=== Microsoft subsidiary (2016–present) === |
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At [[Build (developer conference)|Microsoft Build]] 2016 Microsoft announced that they'll open-source the Xamarin SDK and that they'll bundle it as a free tool within [[Microsoft Visual Studio]]'s integrated development environment,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eweek.com/developer/microsoft-makes-xamarin-free-in-visual-studio-open-sources-sdk.html|title=Microsoft Makes Xamarin free in Visual Studio, Open-Sources SDK.|work=[[eWeek]]|date=31 March 2016|first=Darryl K.|last=Taft}}</ref> and Visual Studio Enterprise users would also get Xamarin's enterprise features free of charge. As a part of the acquisition they would also relicense [[Mono (software)|Mono]] completely under the [[MIT License]] and would release all other Xamarin SDK software through the [[.NET Foundation]] also under the MIT License.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://techreport.com/news/29929/xamarin-now-comes-free-with-visual-studio|title=Xamarin now comes free with Visual Studio.|work=The Tech Report|date=31 March 2016|first=Bruno|last=Ferraira}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/3050363/application-development/microsoft-shows-fruits-of-xamarin-acquisition-with-visual-studio-integration-and-more.html|title=Microsoft shows fruits of Xamarin acquisition with Visual Studio integration.|work=[[PC World]]|date=31 March 2016|first=Blair Hanley|last=Frank}}</ref> |
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At [[Build (developer conference)|Microsoft Build]] 2016 Microsoft announced that they will open-source the Xamarin SDK and that they will bundle it as a free tool within [[Microsoft Visual Studio]]'s integrated development environment,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eweek.com/developer/microsoft-makes-xamarin-free-in-visual-studio-open-sources-sdk.html|title=Microsoft Makes Xamarin free in Visual Studio, Open-Sources SDK.|work=[[eWeek]]|date=March 31, 2016|first=Darryl K.|last=Taft}}</ref> and Visual Studio Enterprise users would also get Xamarin's enterprise features free of charge. As a part of the acquisition they would also [[Software relicensing|relicense]] [[Mono (software)|Mono]] completely under the [[MIT License]] and would release all other Xamarin SDK software through the [[.NET Foundation]] also under the MIT License.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://techreport.com/news/29929/xamarin-now-comes-free-with-visual-studio|title=Xamarin now comes free with Visual Studio.|work=The Tech Report|date=March 31, 2016|first=Bruno|last=Ferraira|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160402173444/http://techreport.com/news/29929/xamarin-now-comes-free-with-visual-studio|archive-date=April 2, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/3050363/application-development/microsoft-shows-fruits-of-xamarin-acquisition-with-visual-studio-integration-and-more.html|title=Microsoft shows fruits of Xamarin acquisition with Visual Studio integration.|work=[[PC World]]|date=March 31, 2016|first=Blair Hanley|last=Frank|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160403030633/http://www.pcworld.com/article/3050363/application-development/microsoft-shows-fruits-of-xamarin-acquisition-with-visual-studio-integration-and-more.html|archive-date=April 3, 2016}}</ref> |
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== Products == |
== Products == |
||
=== Xamarin |
=== Xamarin platform === |
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Xamarin 2.0 was released in February 2013<ref name=XamarinRelease>{{cite web |
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The Xamarin company produces an [[Free software|open source]]{{CN|date=November 2023}} software platform by the same name, and Xamarin 2.0 was released in February 2013.<ref name=XamarinRelease>{{cite web |
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| url=http://www.zdnet.com/xamarin-delivers-tool-for-building-native-mac-os-x-apps-with-c-7000008754/ |
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|url = https://www.zdnet.com/article/xamarin-delivers-tool-for-building-native-mac-os-x-apps-with-c/ |
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| title=Xamarin delivers tool for building native Mac OS X apps with C# |
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|title = Xamarin delivers tool for building native Mac OS X apps with C# |
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| date=December 13, 2012 |
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|website = [[ZDNet]] |
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| accessdate=April 1, 2014 |
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|date = December 13, 2012 |
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}}</ref> Xamarin.Android and Xamarin.iOS that make it possible to do native Android, iOS and Windows development in C#, with either Visual Studio or Xamarin Studio. Developers re-use their existing C# code, and share significant code across device platforms. The product was used to make apps for several well-known companies including [[3M]], [[AT&T]], [[HP Inc.|HP]], and [[Target Corporation|Target]].<ref>{{cite web |
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|access-date = April 1, 2014 |
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| url=http://xamarin.com/android |
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|url-status = live |
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| title=Xamarin for Android |
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140407093906/http://www.zdnet.com/xamarin-delivers-tool-for-building-native-mac-os-x-apps-with-c-7000008754/ |
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| accessdate=April 1, 2014 |
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|archive-date = April 7, 2014 |
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|df = mdy-all |
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}}</ref> Xamarin extends the .NET developer platform with tools and libraries specifically for building apps for [[Android (operating system)|Android]], [[iOS]], [[tvOS]], [[watchOS]], [[macOS]], and Windows ([[Universal Windows Platform apps|UWP]]) primarily with C# in Visual Studio. Developers can re-use their existing C# code, and share significant code across device platforms. Several well-known companies including [[3M]], [[AT&T]], and [[Hewlett-Packard|HP]]<ref>{{cite web |
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|url = http://xamarin.com/android |
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|title = Xamarin for Android |
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|access-date = April 1, 2014 |
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|url-status = live |
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140423002802/http://xamarin.com/android |
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|archive-date = April 23, 2014 |
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|df = mdy-all |
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}}</ref><ref name=XamarinIOS>{{cite web |
}}</ref><ref name=XamarinIOS>{{cite web |
||
| |
|url = http://xamarin.com/ios |
||
| |
|title = Xamarin for iOS |
||
| |
|access-date = April 1, 2014 |
||
|url-status = live |
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}}</ref> Xamarin integrates with Visual Studio, Microsoft's IDE for the .NET Framework, extending Visual Studio for Android and iOS development.<ref name=drdobbsreview/> Xamarin also released a component store to integrate backend systems, 3rd party libraries, cloud services and UI controls directly into mobile apps.<ref>{{cite web |
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140330033203/http://xamarin.com/ios |
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| title =Xamarin 2.0 reviewed: iOS development comes to Visual Studio |
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|archive-date = March 30, 2014 |
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| author=Peter Bright |
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|df = mdy-all |
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| url=http://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2013/02/xamarin-2-0-reviewed-ios-development-finally-comes-to-visual-studio/ |
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}}</ref> have used the platform to create their apps. Xamarin integrates with Visual Studio, Microsoft's IDE for the .NET Framework, and subsequently is available for use by macOS users through Visual Studio for Mac.<ref name=drdobbsreview/> Xamarin also released a component store to integrate backend systems, 3rd party libraries, cloud services and UI controls directly into mobile apps.<ref>{{cite web |
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| accessdate=April 1, 2014 |
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|title = Xamarin 2.0 reviewed: iOS development comes to Visual Studio |
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| date=February 20, 2013 |
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|author = Peter Bright |
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|url = https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2013/02/xamarin-2-0-reviewed-ios-development-finally-comes-to-visual-studio/ |
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|access-date = April 1, 2014 |
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|date = February 20, 2013 |
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|url-status = live |
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140414073326/http://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2013/02/xamarin-2-0-reviewed-ios-development-finally-comes-to-visual-studio/ |
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|archive-date = April 14, 2014 |
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|df = mdy-all |
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}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |
||
| |
|title = Xamarin tool aims to show the ease with which .NET apps can become mobile |
||
| |
|author = Mikael Ricknäs |
||
| |
|url = http://www.pcworld.com/article/2042950/xamarin-tool-aims-to-show-the-ease-wth-which-net-apps-can-become-mobile.html |
||
| |
|access-date = April 1, 2014 |
||
| |
|date = June 25, 2013 |
||
|url-status = live |
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140407063324/http://www.pcworld.com/article/2042950/xamarin-tool-aims-to-show-the-ease-wth-which-net-apps-can-become-mobile.html |
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|archive-date = April 7, 2014 |
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|df = mdy-all |
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}}</ref> |
}}</ref> |
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=== Xamarin.Forms === |
=== Xamarin.Forms === |
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Introduced in Xamarin 3 on May 28, 2014 and allows one to use portable controls subsets that are mapped to native controls of Android, iOS and Windows Phone. |
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Introduced in Xamarin 3 on May 28, 2014, and allows one to use portable controls subsets that are mapped to native controls of Android, iOS and Windows Phone.<ref>{{cite web |title=Announcing Xamarin 3 |url=https://blog.xamarin.com/announcing-xamarin-3/}}</ref> Windows Phone was deprecated and removed in favour of UWP. |
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It is also possible to target other different platforms such as Tizen (by Samsung), GTK (Linux), WPF and macOS even though they have stayed in Preview. |
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This system uses XAML. Microsoft has modified this framework to work with the [[Universal Windows Platform]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Windows Platform Features - Xamarin |url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/xamarin/xamarin-forms/platform/windows/ |website=docs.microsoft.com |language=en-us}}</ref> |
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Microsoft enables native mobile development with [[Blazor]]. Mobile Blazor Bindings allow developers to build native Android and iOS using C#, .NET, and web programming patterns.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.infoworld.com/article/3513955/microsoft-enables-native-mobile-development-with-blazor.html |title=Microsoft enables native mobile development with Blazor |last=Krill |first=Paul |date=2020-01-14 |website=InfoWorld |language=en |access-date=2020-02-06}}</ref> |
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=== .NET MAUI === |
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{{Infobox software |
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| name = .NET Multi-platform App UI |
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| other_names = .NET MAUI |
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| developer = [[Microsoft]] |
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| released = {{Start date and age|2020|05|19}} |
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| latest release version = 6.0.312 |
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| latest release date = {{Start date and age|2022|05|19}} |
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| latest preview version = 6.0.300-rc.3.5667 |
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| latest preview date = {{Start date and age|2022|05|10}} |
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| repo = {{URL|https://github.com/dotnet/maui}} |
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| programming language = [[C Sharp (programming language)|C#]] |
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| platform = [[.NET 6]] |
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| genre = [[Widget toolkit]] |
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| license = [[MIT License]] |
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| website = {{URL|https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/maui/}} |
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}} |
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At [[Microsoft Build 2020]], Microsoft announced that Xamarin.Forms was going to be merged into [[.NET 6]] as .NET Multi-platform App UI (.NET MAUI).<ref name="XamarinIntroducingMAUI">{{Cite web |title=Xamarin Updates From Microsoft Build 2020 |url=https://devblogs.microsoft.com/xamarin/microsoft-build-2020-xamarin/|date=2020-05-19 |website=Xamarin Blog|language=en-US |access-date=2020-05-28}}</ref> .NET MAUI adds macOS support via [[Mac Catalyst]].<ref name="MSIntroducingMAUI">{{Cite web |date=2020-05-19 |title=Introducing .NET Multi-platform App UI |url=https://devblogs.microsoft.com/dotnet/introducing-net-multi-platform-app-ui/ |access-date=2021-06-04 |website=.NET Blog |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="GithubMAUIReadme">{{Cite web |title=dotnet/maui |url=https://github.com/dotnet/maui |website=GitHub |language=en |access-date=2020-05-28}}</ref> |
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On May 23, 2022, during [[Build_(conference)#2022|Microsoft Build 2022]], .NET MAUI was released.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://devblogs.microsoft.com/dotnet/introducing-dotnet-maui-one-codebase-many-platforms/ | title=Introducing .NET MAUI – One Codebase, Many Platforms | date=May 23, 2022 }}</ref> Microsoft stated that they will continue supporting Xamarin until it is fully replaced by .NET MAUI in May 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Xamarin official support policy {{!}} .NET |url=https://dotnet.microsoft.com/en-us/platform/support/policy/xamarin |access-date=2023-04-10 |website=Microsoft |language=en-US}}</ref> |
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=== Xamarin Test Cloud === |
=== Xamarin Test Cloud === |
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Xamarin Test Cloud makes it possible to test mobile apps written in any language on real, non-jailbroken devices in the cloud. Xamarin Test Cloud uses object-based UI testing to simulate real user interactions.<ref>{{cite web |
Xamarin Test Cloud makes it possible to test mobile apps written in any language on real, non-jailbroken devices in the cloud. Xamarin Test Cloud uses object-based UI testing to simulate real user interactions.<ref>{{cite web |
||
| |
|title = Xamarin Test Cloud |
||
| |
|url = https://xamarin.com/test-cloud |
||
| |
|access-date = April 1, 2014 |
||
|url-status = live |
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140407224552/https://xamarin.com/test-cloud |
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|archive-date = April 7, 2014 |
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|df = mdy-all |
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}}</ref> |
}}</ref> |
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=== Xamarin for Visual Studio === |
=== Xamarin for Visual Studio === |
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Xamarin claims to be the only IDE that allows for native Android, iOS and Windows app development within Microsoft Visual Studio.<ref name=XamarinMSpr>{{cite web |
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Xamarin is a .NET developer platform made up of tools, programming languages, and libraries for building many different types of applications.<ref name=XamarinMSpr>{{cite web |
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| url= http://xamarin.com/pr/microsoft-global-collaboration |
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|url = http://xamarin.com/pr/microsoft-global-collaboration |
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| date= November 13, 2013 |
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|date = November 13, 2013 |
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| title= <nowiki>Xamarin and Microsoft Announce Global Collaboration</nowiki> |
|||
|title = <nowiki>Xamarin and Microsoft Announce Global Collaboration</nowiki> |
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| accessdate=April 1, 2014 |
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|access-date = April 1, 2014 |
|||
}}</ref> Xamarin supplies add-ins to Microsoft Visual Studio that allows developers to build Android, iOS, and Windows apps within the IDE using code completion and IntelliSense. Xamarin for Visual Studio also has extensions within Microsoft Visual Studio that provide support for the building, deploying, and debugging of apps on a simulator or a device.<ref>{{cite web |
|||
|url-status = dead |
|||
| title=Xamarin Visual Studio |
|||
| |
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140407224558/http://xamarin.com/pr/microsoft-global-collaboration |
||
| |
|archive-date = April 7, 2014 |
||
|df = mdy-all |
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}}</ref> Xamarin supplies add-ins to Microsoft Visual Studio that allows developers to build Android, iOS, and Windows apps within the IDE using [[autocomplete|code completion]] and IntelliSense. Xamarin for Visual Studio also has extensions that provide support for the building, deploying, and debugging of apps on a simulator or a device.<ref>{{cite web |
|||
|title = Xamarin Visual Studio |
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|url = http://xamarin.com/visual-studio |
|||
|access-date = April 1, 2014 |
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|url-status = live |
|||
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140423003743/http://xamarin.com/visual-studio |
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|archive-date = April 23, 2014 |
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|df = mdy-all |
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}}</ref> In late 2013, Xamarin and Microsoft announced a partnership that included further technical integration and customer programs to make it possible for their joint developer bases to build for all mobile platforms.<ref>{{cite web |
}}</ref> In late 2013, Xamarin and Microsoft announced a partnership that included further technical integration and customer programs to make it possible for their joint developer bases to build for all mobile platforms.<ref>{{cite web |
||
| |
|title = Developing iOS & Android Apps with C# in Visual Studio |
||
| |
|author = Abel Avram |
||
| |
|url = http://www.infoq.com/news/2013/11/visual-studio-ios-android |
||
| |
|access-date = April 1, 2014 |
||
| |
|date = November 13, 2013 |
||
|url-status = live |
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140407081503/http://www.infoq.com/news/2013/11/visual-studio-ios-android |
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|archive-date = April 7, 2014 |
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|df = mdy-all |
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}}</ref> In addition, Xamarin now includes support for Microsoft Portable Class Libraries<ref>{{cite web |
}}</ref> In addition, Xamarin now includes support for Microsoft Portable Class Libraries<ref>{{cite web |
||
| |
|title = Microsoft, Xamarin simplify cross-platform development |
||
| |
|author = Mikael Ricknäs |
||
| |
|url = http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9244018/Microsoft_Xamarin_simplify_cross_platform_development |
||
| |
|access-date = April 1, 2014 |
||
| |
|date = November 13, 2013 |
||
|url-status = live |
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140407075700/http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9244018/Microsoft_Xamarin_simplify_cross_platform_development |
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|archive-date = April 7, 2014 |
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|df = mdy-all |
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}}</ref> and most C# 5.0 features such as async/await. CEO and co-founder of Xamarin, Nat Friedman, announced the alliance at the launch of Visual Studio 2013 in New York. |
}}</ref> and most C# 5.0 features such as async/await. CEO and co-founder of Xamarin, Nat Friedman, announced the alliance at the launch of Visual Studio 2013 in New York. |
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Xamarin is useful in developing iOS and Android apps. |
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On March 31, 2016 Microsoft announced that they were merging all of Xamarin's software with every version of Microsoft Visual Studio including Visual Studio Community (which shall receive Xamarin Studio Community), and this added various Xamarin features to come pre-installed in Visual Studio such as an iOS emulator.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.winbuzzer.com/2016/03/31/build-2016-microsoft-talks-xamarin-coming-free-to-visual-studio-with-an-ios-emulator-xcxwbn/|title=Build 2016: Microsoft Talks Xamarin, Coming Free to Visual Studio with an iOS Emulator.|work=Winbuzzer News|date=31 March 2016|first=Luke|last=Jones}}</ref> |
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On March 31, 2016, Microsoft announced that they were merging all of Xamarin's software with every version of Microsoft Visual Studio including Visual Studio Community, and this added various Xamarin features to come pre-installed in Visual Studio such as an iOS emulator.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.winbuzzer.com/2016/03/31/build-2016-microsoft-talks-xamarin-coming-free-to-visual-studio-with-an-ios-emulator-xcxwbn/|title=Build 2016: Microsoft Talks Xamarin, Coming Free to Visual Studio with an iOS Emulator.|work=Winbuzzer News|date=March 31, 2016|first=Luke|last=Jones|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160414014807/http://www.winbuzzer.com/2016/03/31/build-2016-microsoft-talks-xamarin-coming-free-to-visual-studio-with-an-ios-emulator-xcxwbn/|archive-date=April 14, 2016}}</ref> |
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=== Xamarin Studio === |
=== Xamarin Studio === |
||
At the time of its release in February 2013, Xamarin Studio was a standalone IDE for mobile app development on Windows and macOS,<ref name=drdobbsreview/> as part of Xamarin 2.0 based on the open source project [[MonoDevelop]].<ref name=monodevcomp>{{cite web |
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{{Expand section|date=February 2016}} |
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|title = Xamarin Components |
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Xamarin Studio, a standalone IDE for mobile app development,<ref name=drdobbsreview/> was released in February 2013 as part of Xamarin 2.0 and is based on the open source project [[MonoDevelop]].<ref name=monodevcomp>{{cite web |
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|url = http://components.xamarin.com/ |
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| title=Xamarin Components |
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|access-date = April 1, 2014 |
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| url=http://components.xamarin.com/ |
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|url-status = live |
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| accessdate=April 1, 2014 |
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140506132207/http://components.xamarin.com/ |
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|archive-date = May 6, 2014 |
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|df = mdy-all |
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}}</ref> In addition to a debugger, Xamarin Studio includes code completion in C#, an Android UI builder for creating user interfaces without XML, and integration with Xcode Interface Builder for iOS app design.<ref name=monodevcomp/><ref>{{cite web |
}}</ref> In addition to a debugger, Xamarin Studio includes code completion in C#, an Android UI builder for creating user interfaces without XML, and integration with Xcode Interface Builder for iOS app design.<ref name=monodevcomp/><ref>{{cite web |
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| |
|title = Review: Xamarin 2.0 works mobile development magic |
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| |
|author = Tom Thompson |
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|url = http://www.infoworld.com/d/application-development/review-xamarin-20-works-mobile-development-magic-217236 |
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| |
|access-date = April 1, 2014 |
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| |
|date = April 26, 2013 |
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|url-status = live |
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}}</ref> It is available on [[Windows]] and [[OS X]]. |
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|archive-url = https://archive.today/20140402042302/http://www.infoworld.com/d/application-development/review-xamarin-20-works-mobile-development-magic-217236 |
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|archive-date = April 2, 2014 |
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|df = mdy-all |
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}}</ref> |
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On Windows Xamarin Studio is now deprecated and was replaced with Xamarin for Visual Studio. On [[macOS]] Xamarin Studio is still in development, but was rebranded in 2016 as [[Visual Studio for Mac]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/microsoft-makes-visual-studio-for-mac-generally-available/ |title=Microsoft makes Visual Studio for Mac generally available |website=[[ZDNet]] |access-date=May 17, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170516211456/http://www.zdnet.com/article/microsoft-makes-visual-studio-for-mac-generally-available/ |archive-date=May 16, 2017}}</ref> |
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=== Xamarin.Mac === |
=== Xamarin.Mac === |
||
Xamarin.Mac was created as a tool for Apple technology application development using the C# programming language. Xamarin.Mac, as with Xamarin.iOS and Xamarin.Android, gives developers up to 90% of code reuse across Android, iOS and Windows.<ref>{{cite web |
Xamarin.Mac was created as a tool for Apple technology application development using the C# programming language. Xamarin.Mac, as with Xamarin.iOS and Xamarin.Android, gives developers up to 90% of code reuse across Android, iOS and Windows.<ref>{{cite web |
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| |
|title = Microsoft, Xamarin give Visual Studio a leg-up for... Android and iOS? |
||
| |
|author = Tim Anderson |
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|website = [[The Register]] |
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| url=http://www.theregister.co.uk/2013/11/13/microsoft_xamarin_ios_android_c_sharp_visual_studio/ |
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|url = https://www.theregister.co.uk/2013/11/13/microsoft_xamarin_ios_android_c_sharp_visual_studio/ |
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| date=November 13, 2013 |
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|date = November 13, 2013 |
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| accessdate=April 1, 2014 |
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|access-date = April 1, 2014 |
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}}</ref> Xamarin.Mac gives C# developers the ability to build fully native Cocoa apps for Mac OS X and allows for native apps that can be put into the Mac App Store.<ref>{{cite web |
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|url-status = live |
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| title=Xamarin debuts Android and iOS app development inside Visual Studio for C# programmers |
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140320092951/http://www.theregister.co.uk/2013/11/13/microsoft_xamarin_ios_android_c_sharp_visual_studio/ |
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| author=John Koetsier |
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|archive-date = March 20, 2014 |
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| url=http://venturebeat.com/2013/02/20/xamarin-debuts-ios-and-android-app-development-inside-visual-studio-for-c-programmers/ |
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|df = mdy-all |
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| accessdate=April 1, 2014 |
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}}</ref> Xamarin.Mac gives C# developers the ability to build fully native [[Cocoa (API)|Cocoa]] apps for macOS and allows for native apps that can be put into the Mac App Store.<ref>{{cite web |
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| date=February 20, 2013 |
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|title = Xamarin debuts Android and iOS app development inside Visual Studio for C# programmers |
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|author = John Koetsier |
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|url = https://venturebeat.com/2013/02/20/xamarin-debuts-ios-and-android-app-development-inside-visual-studio-for-c-programmers/ |
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|access-date = April 1, 2014 |
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|date = February 20, 2013 |
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|url-status = live |
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140407081300/http://venturebeat.com/2013/02/20/xamarin-debuts-ios-and-android-app-development-inside-visual-studio-for-c-programmers/ |
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|archive-date = April 7, 2014 |
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|df = mdy-all |
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}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |
||
| title=Can Xamarin's New Mac Tool Lift C# Above Objective-C? |
| title=Can Xamarin's New Mac Tool Lift C# Above Objective-C? |
||
| author=Darryl K. Taft |
| author=Darryl K. Taft |
||
| url=http://www.eweek.com/developer/can-xamarins-new-mac-tool-lift-c-above-objective-c/ |
| url=http://www.eweek.com/developer/can-xamarins-new-mac-tool-lift-c-above-objective-c/ |
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| |
| access-date=April 1, 2014 |
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| date=December 14, 2012 |
| date=December 14, 2012 |
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}}</ref> |
}}</ref> |
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=== . |
=== .NET Mobility Scanner === |
||
Xamarin’s .Net Mobility Scanner lets developers see how much of their .NET code can run on other operating systems, specifically Android, iOS, Windows Phone, and Windows Store. It is a free Web-based service that uses Silverlight.<ref name=XamarinMobilityScanner>[http://scan.xamarin.com/ How mobile is your .NET?], Retrieved June 24, 2014</ref> |
|||
Xamarin's .NET Mobility Scanner lets developers see how much of their .NET code can run on other operating systems, specifically Android, iOS, Windows Phone, and Windows Store. It is a free web-based service that uses Silverlight.<ref name=XamarinMobilityScanner>[http://scan.xamarin.com/ How mobile is your .NET?] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140625142303/http://scan.xamarin.com/ |date=June 25, 2014 }}, Retrieved June 24, 2014</ref> |
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=== RoboVM === |
=== RoboVM === |
||
In October 2015 Xamarin announced that they had acquired the |
In October 2015 Xamarin announced that they had acquired the Swedish '''RoboVM for Java''' developer platform akin to its offerings, the reason stated by Xamarin for the acquisition was that if they developed a [[Java (programming language)|Java]]-based platform from the ground up, their end product would be similar to RoboVM so they acquired the company instead; as a result RoboVM operates independently of the Xamarin team. RoboVM enables developers to build Java apps for iOS and Android with fully native UIs, native performances, and all Java apps have the complete access to the APIs of each developer platform.<ref name=Xamarin-acquires-RoboVM-for-Java-Business-Wire>{{cite news|last=Butler|first=Victoria|title=Xamarin Acquires RoboVM, Now the Only Cross-Platform Mobile Development Company for the Top Two Enterprise Languages. Acquisition provides a path to mobile for 13 million C# and Java enterprise developers.|url=http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20151021005382/en/Xamarin-Acquires-RoboVM-Cross-Platform-Mobile-Development-Company|newspaper=Business Wire|date=October 21, 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160301205000/http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20151021005382/en/Xamarin-Acquires-RoboVM-Cross-Platform-Mobile-Development-Company|archive-date=March 1, 2016}}</ref><ref name=Xamarin-acquires-RoboVM-for-Java-eWeek>{{cite news|last=Taft|first=Darryl K.|title=Xamarin Buys RoboVM, Adds Java to its C# Fold.|url=http://www.eweek.com/developer/xamarin-buys-robovm-adds-java-to-its-c-fold.html|newspaper=eWeek|date=October 21, 2015}}</ref> |
||
In April 2016 Microsoft announced that they would discontinue RoboVM and cease all subscriptions after April |
In April 2016 Microsoft announced that they would discontinue RoboVM and cease all subscriptions after April 30, 2017.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2016/04/15/microsoft_discontinues_robovm/|title=Embrace, extend – and kill. Microsoft discontinues RoboVM.|work=The Register (Biting the hand that feeds IT)|date=April 16, 2016|first=Tim|last=Anderson|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170810172003/https://www.theregister.co.uk/2016/04/15/microsoft_discontinues_robovm/|archive-date=August 10, 2017}}</ref> |
||
BugVM,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://bugvm.com/ |title=BugVM – We are the BugVM |access-date=July 1, 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160803102307/https://bugvm.com/ |archive-date=August 3, 2016 }}</ref> a fork of RoboVM was created to maintain the free open source status.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ibinti.com/bugvm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160803102307/https://bugvm.com/|url-status=dead|title=BugVM – ibinti|archive-date=August 3, 2016}}</ref> |
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== Awards == |
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*Visionary in the Gartner Magic Quadrant for Mobile Application Development Platforms<ref>{{cite web |
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| title=Gartner Magic Quadrant: Mobile Application Development (MAD) Platforms |
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| author=CJ Arlotta |
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| url=http://mspmentor.net/mobile/gartner-magic-quadrant-mobile-application-development-mad-platforms |
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| accessdate=April 1, 2014 |
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| date=August 15, 2013 |
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}}</ref> |
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*Dr Dobbs Jolt Award: Mobile Development Tools<ref>{{cite web |
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| title=Jolt Awards: Mobile Development Tools |
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| author=Gaston Hillar |
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| url=http://www.drdobbs.com/joltawards/jolt-awards-mobile-development-tools/240166387?pgno=7 |
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| accessdate=April 1, 2014 |
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| date=March 4, 2014 |
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}}</ref> |
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== Acquisitions == |
== Acquisitions == |
||
* In 2013 Xamarin acquired the mobile application testing platform '''LessPainful'''.<ref name=SiliconANGLE-Xamarin-LessPainful>{{cite news|last=Tolentino|first=Melissa|title=Xamarin Acquires LessPainful, Introduces Automated UI Testing Platform.|url=http://siliconangle.com/blog/2013/04/16/xamarin-acquires-lesspainful-introduces-automated-ui-testing-platform/|newspaper=SiliconANGLE|date= |
* In 2013, Xamarin acquired the mobile application testing platform '''LessPainful'''.<ref name=SiliconANGLE-Xamarin-LessPainful>{{cite news|last=Tolentino|first=Melissa|title=Xamarin Acquires LessPainful, Introduces Automated UI Testing Platform.|url=http://siliconangle.com/blog/2013/04/16/xamarin-acquires-lesspainful-introduces-automated-ui-testing-platform/|newspaper=SiliconANGLE|date=April 16, 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307015244/http://siliconangle.com/blog/2013/04/16/xamarin-acquires-lesspainful-introduces-automated-ui-testing-platform/|archive-date=March 7, 2016}}</ref> |
||
* In 2015 Xamarin acquired the Java application development platform '''RoboVM'''.<ref name=Yahoo-Xamarin-Acquires-RoboVM>{{cite news|last=Butler|first=Victoria|title=Xamarin Acquires RoboVM, Now the Only Cross-Platform Mobile Development Company for the Top Two Enterprise Languages.|url= |
* In 2015, Xamarin acquired the Java application development platform '''RoboVM'''.<ref name=Yahoo-Xamarin-Acquires-RoboVM>{{cite news|last=Butler|first=Victoria|title=Xamarin Acquires RoboVM, Now the Only Cross-Platform Mobile Development Company for the Top Two Enterprise Languages.|url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/xamarin-acquires-robovm-now-only-170000739.html|newspaper=[[Yahoo!|Yahoo! Finance]]|date=October 21, 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161015050857/http://finance.yahoo.com/news/xamarin-acquires-robovm-now-only-170000739.html|archive-date=October 15, 2016}}</ref> |
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== |
==References== |
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{{Reflist |
{{Reflist}} |
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== External links == |
== External links == |
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* |
* {{Official website}} |
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* [https://robovm.com/ RoboVM for Java] |
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{{.NET Framework}} |
{{.NET Framework}} |
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{{Microsoft}} |
{{Microsoft}} |
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{{Microsoft FOSS}} |
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Latest revision as of 14:29, 27 September 2024
 | |
| Company type | Subsidiary |
|---|---|
| Industry | Software industry |
| Founded | May 16, 2011[1] |
| Headquarters | San Francisco, California |
Key people | Miguel de Icaza, Nat Friedman |
| Parent | Microsoft (2016–present) |
| Website | xamarin |
| Footnotes / references [2] | |
Xamarin is a Microsoft-owned San Francisco-based software company founded in May 2011[2] by the engineers that created Mono,[3] Xamarin.Android (formerly Mono for Android) and Xamarin.iOS (formerly MonoTouch), which are cross-platform implementations of the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) and Common Language Specifications (often called Microsoft .NET).
With a C#-shared codebase, developers can use Xamarin tools to write native Android, iOS, and Windows apps with native user interfaces and share code across multiple platforms, including Windows, macOS, and Linux.[4] According to Xamarin, over 1.4 million developers were using Xamarin's products in 120 countries around the world as of April 2017.[5]
On February 24, 2016, Microsoft announced it had signed a definitive agreement to acquire Xamarin.[6]
Microsoft ended support for Xamarin on May 1, 2024 in favor of .NET MAUI.[7]
History
[edit]Origins in Ximian and Mono
[edit]
In 1999 Miguel de Icaza and Nat Friedman launched what eventually became known as Ximian to support and develop software for de Icaza's nascent GNOME project. After Microsoft first announced their .NET Framework in June 2000,[8] de Icaza began investigating whether a Linux version was feasible.[9] The Mono open source project was launched on July 19, 2001. Ximian was bought by Novell on August 4, 2003, which was then acquired by Attachmate in April 2011.[10]
After the acquisition, Attachmate announced hundreds of layoffs for the Novell workforce, including Mono developers,[11] putting the future of Mono in question.[12][13]
Founding Xamarin
[edit]On May 16, 2011, Miguel de Icaza announced on his blog that Mono would be developed and supported by Xamarin, a newly formed company that planned to release a new suite of mobile products. According to de Icaza, at least part of the original Mono team had moved to the new company.
The name Xamarin comes from the name of the Tamarin monkey, replacing the leading T with an X. This is in line with the naming theme used ever since Ximian was started.[14]
After Xamarin was announced, the future of the project was questioned since MonoTouch and Mono for Android would now be in direct competition with the existing commercial offerings owned by Attachmate. It was not known at that time how Xamarin would prove they had not illegally used technologies previously developed when they were employed by Novell for the same work.[15][16]
In July 2011, however, Novell – now a subsidiary of Attachmate – and Xamarin announced that Novell had granted a perpetual license to Xamarin for Mono, MonoTouch and Mono for Android, and Xamarin formally and legally took official stewardship of the project.[17][18]
Product development
[edit]In December 2012, Xamarin released Xamarin.Mac,[19] a plugin for the existing MonoDevelop Integrated development environment (IDE), which allows developers to build C#-based applications for the Apple's macOS operating system and package them for publishing via the App Store.
In February 2013, Xamarin announced the release of Xamarin 2.0.[20] The release included two main components: Xamarin Studio, a re-branding of its open-source IDE Monodevelop;[21] and integration with Visual Studio, Microsoft's IDE for the .NET Framework, allowing Visual Studio to be used for creating applications for Android, iOS and Windows.[22]
Funding
[edit]On July 17, 2013, Xamarin announced that they had closed $16 million (~$20.6 million in 2023) in Series B funding led by Lead Edge Capital.[23] Several investors from their Series A funding also participated, including Charles River Ventures, Floodgate, and Ignition Partners. On August 21, 2014, Xamarin successfully closed an additional $54 million (~$68.5 million in 2023) in Series C funding, which is one of the largest rounds of funding ever raised by a mobile app development platform.[24] As of August 2014 the total funding for the company was $82 million (~$104 million in 2023).[25]
Acquisition
[edit]On February 24, 2016, Xamarin and Microsoft announced that Microsoft signed a definitive agreement to acquire Xamarin.[6][26][27] Terms of the deal were not disclosed, though the Wall Street Journal reported the price at between $400 million and $500 million.[better source needed]
Microsoft subsidiary (2016–present)
[edit]At Microsoft Build 2016 Microsoft announced that they will open-source the Xamarin SDK and that they will bundle it as a free tool within Microsoft Visual Studio's integrated development environment,[28] and Visual Studio Enterprise users would also get Xamarin's enterprise features free of charge. As a part of the acquisition they would also relicense Mono completely under the MIT License and would release all other Xamarin SDK software through the .NET Foundation also under the MIT License.[29][30]
Products
[edit]Xamarin platform
[edit]The Xamarin company produces an open source[citation needed] software platform by the same name, and Xamarin 2.0 was released in February 2013.[31] Xamarin extends the .NET developer platform with tools and libraries specifically for building apps for Android, iOS, tvOS, watchOS, macOS, and Windows (UWP) primarily with C# in Visual Studio. Developers can re-use their existing C# code, and share significant code across device platforms. Several well-known companies including 3M, AT&T, and HP[32][33] have used the platform to create their apps. Xamarin integrates with Visual Studio, Microsoft's IDE for the .NET Framework, and subsequently is available for use by macOS users through Visual Studio for Mac.[21] Xamarin also released a component store to integrate backend systems, 3rd party libraries, cloud services and UI controls directly into mobile apps.[34][35]
Xamarin.Forms
[edit]Introduced in Xamarin 3 on May 28, 2014, and allows one to use portable controls subsets that are mapped to native controls of Android, iOS and Windows Phone.[36] Windows Phone was deprecated and removed in favour of UWP.
It is also possible to target other different platforms such as Tizen (by Samsung), GTK (Linux), WPF and macOS even though they have stayed in Preview.
This system uses XAML. Microsoft has modified this framework to work with the Universal Windows Platform.[37]
Microsoft enables native mobile development with Blazor. Mobile Blazor Bindings allow developers to build native Android and iOS using C#, .NET, and web programming patterns.[38]
.NET MAUI
[edit]| Other names | .NET MAUI |
|---|---|
| Developer(s) | Microsoft |
| Initial release | May 19, 2020 |
| Stable release | 6.0.312
/ May 19, 2022 |
| Preview release | 6.0.300-rc.3.5667
/ May 10, 2022 |
| Repository | github |
| Written in | C# |
| Platform | .NET 6 |
| Type | Widget toolkit |
| License | MIT License |
| Website | docs |
At Microsoft Build 2020, Microsoft announced that Xamarin.Forms was going to be merged into .NET 6 as .NET Multi-platform App UI (.NET MAUI).[39] .NET MAUI adds macOS support via Mac Catalyst.[40][41]
On May 23, 2022, during Microsoft Build 2022, .NET MAUI was released.[42] Microsoft stated that they will continue supporting Xamarin until it is fully replaced by .NET MAUI in May 2024.[43]
Xamarin Test Cloud
[edit]Xamarin Test Cloud makes it possible to test mobile apps written in any language on real, non-jailbroken devices in the cloud. Xamarin Test Cloud uses object-based UI testing to simulate real user interactions.[44]
Xamarin for Visual Studio
[edit]Xamarin is a .NET developer platform made up of tools, programming languages, and libraries for building many different types of applications.[45] Xamarin supplies add-ins to Microsoft Visual Studio that allows developers to build Android, iOS, and Windows apps within the IDE using code completion and IntelliSense. Xamarin for Visual Studio also has extensions that provide support for the building, deploying, and debugging of apps on a simulator or a device.[46] In late 2013, Xamarin and Microsoft announced a partnership that included further technical integration and customer programs to make it possible for their joint developer bases to build for all mobile platforms.[47] In addition, Xamarin now includes support for Microsoft Portable Class Libraries[48] and most C# 5.0 features such as async/await. CEO and co-founder of Xamarin, Nat Friedman, announced the alliance at the launch of Visual Studio 2013 in New York.
Xamarin is useful in developing iOS and Android apps.
On March 31, 2016, Microsoft announced that they were merging all of Xamarin's software with every version of Microsoft Visual Studio including Visual Studio Community, and this added various Xamarin features to come pre-installed in Visual Studio such as an iOS emulator.[49]
Xamarin Studio
[edit]At the time of its release in February 2013, Xamarin Studio was a standalone IDE for mobile app development on Windows and macOS,[21] as part of Xamarin 2.0 based on the open source project MonoDevelop.[50] In addition to a debugger, Xamarin Studio includes code completion in C#, an Android UI builder for creating user interfaces without XML, and integration with Xcode Interface Builder for iOS app design.[50][51]
On Windows Xamarin Studio is now deprecated and was replaced with Xamarin for Visual Studio. On macOS Xamarin Studio is still in development, but was rebranded in 2016 as Visual Studio for Mac.[52]
Xamarin.Mac
[edit]Xamarin.Mac was created as a tool for Apple technology application development using the C# programming language. Xamarin.Mac, as with Xamarin.iOS and Xamarin.Android, gives developers up to 90% of code reuse across Android, iOS and Windows.[53] Xamarin.Mac gives C# developers the ability to build fully native Cocoa apps for macOS and allows for native apps that can be put into the Mac App Store.[54][55]
.NET Mobility Scanner
[edit]Xamarin's .NET Mobility Scanner lets developers see how much of their .NET code can run on other operating systems, specifically Android, iOS, Windows Phone, and Windows Store. It is a free web-based service that uses Silverlight.[56]
RoboVM
[edit]In October 2015 Xamarin announced that they had acquired the Swedish RoboVM for Java developer platform akin to its offerings, the reason stated by Xamarin for the acquisition was that if they developed a Java-based platform from the ground up, their end product would be similar to RoboVM so they acquired the company instead; as a result RoboVM operates independently of the Xamarin team. RoboVM enables developers to build Java apps for iOS and Android with fully native UIs, native performances, and all Java apps have the complete access to the APIs of each developer platform.[57][58]
In April 2016 Microsoft announced that they would discontinue RoboVM and cease all subscriptions after April 30, 2017.[59]
BugVM,[60] a fork of RoboVM was created to maintain the free open source status.[61]
Acquisitions
[edit]- In 2013, Xamarin acquired the mobile application testing platform LessPainful.[62]
- In 2015, Xamarin acquired the Java application development platform RoboVM.[63]
References
[edit]- ^ "Announcing Xamarin". Miguel de Icaza. Archived from the original on May 18, 2011. Retrieved May 16, 2011.
- ^ a b Binstock, Andrew (June 11, 2011). "NET Alternative in Transition". InformationWeek. Archived from the original on December 7, 2011. Retrieved March 18, 2012.
- ^ Miguel de Icaza (May 16, 2011). "Miguel de Icaza". Archived from the original on May 18, 2011. Retrieved May 16, 2011.
- ^ "What is Xamarin?". Archived from the original on February 27, 2014. Retrieved April 1, 2014.
- ^ "About Xamarin". Archived from the original on March 17, 2017. Retrieved April 23, 2017.
- ^ a b "Microsoft to acquire Xamarin and empower more developers to build apps on any device". Official Microsoft Blog. February 24, 2016. Archived from the original on February 24, 2016. Retrieved February 24, 2016.
- ^ "Xamarin official support policy | .NET". Microsoft. Retrieved June 5, 2024.
- ^ "Microsoft sees nothing but .NET ahead" Archived November 5, 2011, at the Wayback Machine, Steven Bonisteel, ZDNet, June 23, 2000
- ^ "Mono early history". Mono-list. October 13, 2003. Archived from the original on June 6, 2011. Retrieved May 21, 2011.
- ^ "The Attachmate Group Completes Acquisition of Novell". April 27, 2011. Archived from the original on April 30, 2014. Retrieved April 1, 2014.
- ^ Koep, Paul (May 2, 2011). "Employees say hundreds laid off at Novell's Provo office". KSL-TV. Archived from the original on May 5, 2011. Retrieved May 7, 2011.
- ^ J. Vaughan-Nichols, Steven (May 4, 2011). "Is Mono dead? Is Novell dying?". ZDNet. Archived from the original on May 8, 2011. Retrieved May 7, 2011.
- ^ Clarke, Gavin (May 3, 2011). ".NET Android and iOS clones stripped by Attachmate". The Register. Archived from the original on May 6, 2011. Retrieved May 7, 2011.
- ^ John K. Waters (May 20, 2011). "Interview with Miguel de Icaza". Archived from the original on February 22, 2017.
- ^ "The Death and Rebirth of Mono". infoq.com. May 17, 2011. Archived from the original on May 21, 2011. Retrieved May 29, 2011.
Even if they aren't supporting it, they do own a product that is in direct competition with Xamarin's future offerings. Without some sort of legal arrangement between Attachmate and Xamarin, the latter would face the daunting prospect of proving that their new development doesn't use any the technology that the old one did. Considering that this is really just a wrapper around the native API, it would be hard to prove you had a clean-room implementation even for a team that wasn't intimately familiar with Attachmate's code.
- ^ Matthew Baxter-Reynolds (July 5, 2011). "What now for cross-platform mobile C#?". The Guardian. Archived from the original on April 24, 2016. Retrieved July 15, 2011.
But with a total lack of clarity as to whether Novell will allow Xamarin to sell their new products, or whether agreements exist to facilitate such a scenario, we're left in an unpleasant world of not having a compelling or workable solution for compromise free, multi-platform development.
- ^ "SUSE and Xamarin Partner to Accelerate Innovation and Support Mono Customers and Community". Novell. July 18, 2011. Archived from the original on October 17, 2011. Retrieved July 18, 2011.
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