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{{Short description|Ancient Roman festival}} |
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'''Dies Sanguinis''' |
'''''Dies Sanguinis''''' ("Day of Blood"), also called '''''Sanguinaria''''', was a festival held in [[Ancient Rome]] on the [[March equinox|spring equinox]]. Due to discrepancies in different calendar systems, this may be reflected as anytime between March 21 and 25. Festivities for the god [[Attis]] were celebrated from 15 to 28 March.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Roman Goddess Bellona ***|url=http://www.talesbeyondbelief.com/roman-gods/bellona.htm|access-date=2016-05-01|website=www.talesbeyondbelief.com}}</ref> |
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== Order of festivities == |
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The priests of the goddess [[Cybele]] (the [[galli]]) flogged themselves until they bled and sprinkled their blood upon the image and the altars in the sanctuary, while others are said to have imitated [[Attis]] by castrating themselves.However. Roman citizens were forbidden from engaging in self-castration, so in time the Galli were all non-citizens. Such painful and dramatic acts allowed the worshipers to identify with the pain and death of Attis, to whom were dedicated a cycle of festivities, which were celebrated from 15 to 28 March.<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://www.talesbeyondbelief.com/roman-gods/bellona.htm|title = Roman Goddess Bellona ***|website = www.talesbeyondbelief.com|access-date = 2016-05-01}}</ref> |
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Following two days of mourning for the annual death of the god Attis, the Day of Blood arrived. On this day the ''[[galli]]'', priests of the goddess [[Cybele]], carried out a ritual of [[self-flagellation]], whipping themselves until they bled. Some are also said to have castrated themselves. The Day of Blood was followed by a Day of Joy and Relaxation (''[[Hilaria]]'' and ''Requietio'') to celebrate Attis' resurrection. This was followed by a rest day, and then a day of revelry during which an image of Cybele was bathed in the Little [[Almone|Almo River]] (''Lavatio'').<ref>{{cite book|last=Meyer|first=Marvin W.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N2URCb14ShQC&dq=dies+sanguinis&pg=PA114|title=The ancient mysteries: a sourcebook : sacred texts of the mystery religions of the ancient Mediterranean world|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|year=1999|isbn=978-0-8122-1692-9|page=114}}</ref> |
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The Priest of [[Bellona (goddess)|Bellona]] (also known as Bellonarii) tend to practice rather [[masochistic]] rituals on Dies Sanguinis. One rites being to mutilate their own limbs, such as their own arms and legs with a sharp knife or knives in order to collect their own blood to either drink, or offer to their goddess Bellona in order to get her to invoke her war fury on them. |
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There also a plant known as the Bellonaria plant (solanum). Which is a corruption on the name Belladonna, a deadly [[nightshade]], was used by priests at this festival, Dies Sanguinis. When a priest ate its seeds, they would start to hallucinate. Those [[hallucination]]s were used by them to make [[prophet]]ic and oracular statements in the name of their goddess. |
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These festivities celebrated the death of the god. Among these, there were the '''"Sanguem"''' and the '''"[[Hilaria]]"'''. The Hilaria on 25 March brought renewed joy and hope. There was feasting in honor of the [[Great Mother]] and good cheer. |
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The spring festival came to a close with a much-needed day of rest (March 26) and a final day (March 27) on which the holy image of the Great Mother was bathed in the Almo River.<ref>{{cite book |title= The ancient mysteries: a sourcebook : sacred texts of the mystery religions of the ancient Mediterranean world|last= Meyer|first= Marvin W. |year= 1999|publisher= University of Pennsylvania Press |isbn=978-0-8122-1692-9 |url= http://books.google.com/books?id=N2URCb14ShQC&pg=PA114&dq=dies+sanguinis&hl=en&ei=lAtRTaD-HsGZ8QOLj6jIDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8&ved=0CEoQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=dies%20sanguinis&f=false|accessdate=}}</ref> |
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[[Category:Ancient Roman festivals]] |
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[[Category:Cybele]] |
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Latest revision as of 10:35, 8 April 2024
Dies Sanguinis ("Day of Blood"), also called Sanguinaria, was a festival held in Ancient Rome on the spring equinox. Due to discrepancies in different calendar systems, this may be reflected as anytime between March 21 and 25. Festivities for the god Attis were celebrated from 15 to 28 March.[1]
Order of festivities
[edit]Following two days of mourning for the annual death of the god Attis, the Day of Blood arrived. On this day the galli, priests of the goddess Cybele, carried out a ritual of self-flagellation, whipping themselves until they bled. Some are also said to have castrated themselves. The Day of Blood was followed by a Day of Joy and Relaxation (Hilaria and Requietio) to celebrate Attis' resurrection. This was followed by a rest day, and then a day of revelry during which an image of Cybele was bathed in the Little Almo River (Lavatio).[2]
References
[edit]- ^ "Roman Goddess Bellona ***". www.talesbeyondbelief.com. Retrieved 1 May 2016.
- ^ Meyer, Marvin W. (1999). The ancient mysteries: a sourcebook : sacred texts of the mystery religions of the ancient Mediterranean world. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 114. ISBN 978-0-8122-1692-9.
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