Petr Pavlensky: Difference between revisions
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{{short description |Russian performance artist}} |
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{{Infobox artist |
{{Infobox artist |
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| name = |
| name = Pyotr Andreevich Pavlensky<br>{{Nobold|{{lang|ru|Пётр Андреевич Павленский}}}} |
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| image = |
| image = File:Seam 2012.jpg |
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| caption = |
| caption = |
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| birth_name = |
| birth_name = |
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| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1984|03|08}} |
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1984|03|08|df=y}} |
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| birth_place = [[Saint Petersburg|Leningrad]], [[Russian |
| birth_place = [[Saint Petersburg|Leningrad]], [[Russian SFSR]], [[Soviet Union]] |
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| death_date = |
| death_date = |
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| death_place = |
| death_place = |
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| nationality = Russian |
| nationality = Russian |
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| field = Actionism, |
| field = Actionism, Political art |
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| training = [[Saint Petersburg Art and Industry Academy]], St. Petersburg Pro Arte Foundation for Culture and Arts |
| training = [[Saint Petersburg Art and Industry Academy]], St. Petersburg Pro Arte Foundation for Culture and Arts |
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| movement = |
| movement = |
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| works |
| works = ''Seam'', ''Carcass'', ''Fixation'', ''Freedom'', ''Segregation'', ''Lighting'', ''Pornopolitics'' |
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| patrons = |
| patrons = |
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| influenced = |
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| website = [http://politpropaganda.com politpropaganda.com] |
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| awards = |
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| influenced = |
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| awards = |
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}} |
}} |
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'''Pyotr''' (or '''Petr''') '''Andreyevich Pavlensky''' ({{langx|ru|link=no|Пётр Андреевич Павленский}}; born 8 March 1984) is a Russian contemporary artist. He is known for his controversial political art performances,<ref name="Marin">{{Cite web|url=https://unik-artmag.com/piotr-pavlenski-artiste-activiste-grivaux/|title=Piotr Pavlenski : artiste performer à l'ère du digital|last=Marin|first=Fiona|date=2020-02-24|website=UN1K. ART MAGAZINE|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-02-24}}</ref> which he calls "events of Subject-Object Art"<ref name="artlyst.com">{{Cite web |title=Pyotr Pavlensky Uncensored The Artlyst Interview - Paul Carter Robinson |url=https://artlyst.com/features/pyotr-pavlensky-uncensored-the-artlyst-interview-with-paul-carter-robinson/ |access-date=2022-10-12 |website=Artlyst |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref name="theartnewspaper.com">{{Cite web |date=2022-09-20 |title=Art and activist body a/political to open London space with exhibition by Russian artist facing trial over sex video |url=https://www.theartnewspaper.com/2022/09/20/art-and-activist-body-apolitical-to-open-london-space-with-exhibition-by-russian-artist-facing-trial-over-sex-video |access-date=2022-10-12 |website=The Art Newspaper - International art news and events}}</ref> (previously "events of political art").<ref>{{Cite web|title=" L'art politique " selon Piotr Pavlenski|url=https://www.nouvelobs.com/bibliobs/20201018.OBS34873/l-art-politique-selon-piotr-pavlenski.html|access-date=2021-02-25|website=L'Obs|date=18 October 2020|language=fr}}</ref> His work often involves nudity and self-mutilation.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Eberstadt|first=Fernanda|date=2019-07-11|title=The Dangerous Art of Pyotr Pavlensky (Published 2019)|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/11/magazine/pyotr-pavlensky-art.html|access-date=2021-02-25|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Pavlensky makes the "mechanics of power" visible, forcing authorities to take part in his events by staging them in areas with heavy police surveillance.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rfi.fr/culture/20161024-artiste-piotr-pavlenski-forcer-le-pouvoir-russe-faire-art-politique|title=I want to force russian authorities to make art|last=RFE/RL|date=24 October 2016|via=RFI}}</ref> By doing so, "the criminal case becomes one of the layers of the artwork" and the government is "[drawn] into the process of making art".<ref name="nyt-dangerous-art-2019"/> |
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'''Petr''' (or '''Pyotr''') '''Andreevich Pavlensky''' ({{lang-ru|link=no|Пётр Андреевич Павленский}}; born March 8, 1984) is a Russian performance artist and political activist.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rferl.org/content/russia-eight-who-have-taken-a-stand/27208063.html|title=Eight Russians Who Have Taken A Stand|first=|last=RFE/RL|date=25 August 2015|publisher=|via=Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty}}</ref> He was awarded the [[Václav Havel Prize for Creative Dissent]] in 2016. |
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== Early life and education == |
== Early life and education == |
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Born in [[Saint Petersburg|Leningrad]] in 1984, Pavlensky studied monumental art |
Born in [[Saint Petersburg|Leningrad]] in 1984, Pavlensky studied monumental art at the [[Saint Petersburg Art and Industry Academy]].<ref name="PussyRiotLighterThanChrist">''V. Martinovich.'' [http://www.belgazeta.by/ru/2012_08_13/society/24602/ Petr Pavlensky: «Pussy Riot was much lighter and less harmful than Jesus Christ's actions»] // www.belgazeta.by. – 2012. – Aug.13</ref><ref name="ArtUnthinkableWithoutExperiment">''K.Petrov'' [http://www.rosbalt.ru/piter/2012/09/15/1034599.html Petr Pavlensky: «Art Is Unthinkable without Experiment»] // RosBalt. – 2012. – Sept. 15</ref> During his fourth year in the Academy, he took additional training at St. Petersburg Pro Arte Foundation for Culture and Arts ([[:ru:Про Арте]]).<ref name="ArtUnthinkableWithoutExperiment" /> |
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Pavlensky's "events" are inspired in part by [[Pussy Riot]], as demonstrated in ''Seam'', and follow in the tradition of artists such as [[Chris Burden]], the [[Viennese Actionism|Viennese Actionists]], and [[Moscow Actionism|Moscow Actionists]] [[Oleg Kulik]] and [[Alexander Brener]],<ref name="nyt-dangerous-art-2019" /> [[Fluxus]] and [[Joseph Beuys]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=PPyR|date=2020-03-06|title=Piotr Pavlenski : de l'Art ou du cochon ?|url=https://gonzai.com/piotr-pavlenski-de-lart-ou-du-cochon/|access-date=2021-05-28|website=Gonzaï|language=fr-FR}}</ref> |
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== Career == |
== Career == |
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[[File:YM PIOTRPAVLENSKI01.jpg|thumb]] |
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Pavlensky and Oksana Shalygina founded an independent online newspaper ''Political Propaganda'' in 2012, which was dedicated to [[contemporary art]] in political contexts, "overcoming cultural chauvinism, implemented by the government", [[feminism]] and [[gender equality]].<ref name="CreatedSite">''Own. inf.'' [http://artchronika.ru/news/19706/ New Site about Art and Politics] // ArtChronicles. – 2012. – December, 4</ref> The publication was awarded the Alternative Prize for Russian Activist Art in the category ''Actions Implemented in Urban Space'' in 2013.<ref name="Grani">{{cite web|url=http://grani.ru/people/1866/|title=Peter Pavlensky, Saint Petersburg Artist|publisher=Grani.ru, Daily Internet Newspaper|date=October 28, 2013|language=Russian}}</ref> |
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Pavlensky and Oksana Shalygina founded an independent online newspaper ''Political Propaganda'' in 2012, which was dedicated to [[contemporary art]] in political contexts, "overcoming cultural chauvinism, implemented by the government", [[feminism]] and [[gender equality]].<ref name="CreatedSite">''Own. inf.'' [http://artchronika.ru/news/19706/ New Site about Art and Politics] // ArtChronicles. – 2012. – December, 4</ref> |
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=== ''Seam'' === |
=== ''Seam'' (2012) === |
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Pavlensky first became known for [[lip sewing|sewing his mouth shut]] |
Pavlensky first became known for [[lip sewing|sewing his mouth shut]] at a political art event staged against the incarceration of members of the Russian punk group [[Pussy Riot]].<ref name="ArtUnthinkableWithoutExperiment" /><ref>''A. Mavliev, K. Akhmetjhanova'' [http://spb.kp.ru/online/news/1204927/ Artist sutured his mouth in support of Pussy Riot] // Komsomolskaya Pravda. – 2012. – July, 23.</ref><ref>''SobKor'' [http://ria.ru/society/20120723/707321040.html A Saint Petersburg artist sutured his mouth in support of Pussy Riot] // RIA News. – 2012. – July, 23.</ref> On 23 July 2012 Pavlensky appeared at [[Kazan Cathedral, St. Petersburg]] with his lips sewn shut, holding a banner that stated: "Action of Pussy Riot was a replica of the famous action of Jesus Christ (Matthew 21:12–13)".<ref name="ArtUnthinkableWithoutExperiment" /><ref>''SobKor'' [http://pravaya.ru/news/22782 Petersburg Peter Pavlensky sewed his mouth in support of punk parishioners] // pralaya.ru. – 2012. – July, 24.</ref> Police called an ambulance and sent him for a psychiatric examination; the psychiatrist declared him sane and released him shortly after the incident.<ref name="SimpleIntersectionVertical">''A. Matveeva'' [http://artchronika.ru/persona/pavlensky-interview/ Petr Pavlensky: «A simple intersection of a vertical line with horizontal is already considered as an insult to the faith»] // [[ArtChronika|artchronika.ru]]. – 2012. – July, 24.</ref> The artist stated that he was highlighting the lack of regard for artists in contemporary Russia,<ref name="SimpleIntersectionVertical" /> saying: "My intention was not to surprise anyone or come up with something unusual. Rather, I felt I had to make a gesture that would accurately reflect my situation".<ref>''V. Komarova.'' [http://www.echo.msk.ru/blog/publicpost/916475-echo/ With widely sutured mouth] // Echo of Moscow. – 2012. – Aug, 6.</ref> |
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''Seam'' is said to reference [[David Wojnarowicz]]'s actions in [[Rosa von Praunheim]]'s documentary ''[[Silence = Death (film)|Silence = Death]]'' (1990),<ref name="frieze-2016">{{cite journal |last1=Laing |first1=Olivia |title=A Stitch in Time |url=https://frieze.com/article/stitch-time-0 |journal=Frieze |access-date=13 July 2019 |date=February 13, 2016|issue=177 }}</ref> in which Wojnarowicz had sewn his own lips shut in protest at the [[Reagan administration]]'s lack of action against the [[AIDS epidemic]].<ref name="nyt-dangerous-art-2019"/> |
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On November 14, 2012, [[Reuters]] published its list of the 98 best photos of the year, including a photograph of Pavlensky with his mouth sutured in support of Pussy Riot.<ref>[http://blogs.reuters.com/fullfocus/2012/11/30/best-photos-of-the-year-2012/#a=67 Artist Pyotr Pavlensky, a supporter of jailed members of the female punk band "Pussy Riot", looks on with his mouth sewed up as he protests outside the Kazan Cathedral in St. Petersburg, July 23, 2012.] // ''Best photos of the year 2012'', Reuters. – 2012. – November 14, 2013.</ref> |
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On 14 November 2012 [[Reuters]] published its list of the 98 best photos of the year, which included ''Seam''.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20121201051821/http://blogs.reuters.com/fullfocus/2012/11/30/best-photos-of-the-year-2012/#a=67 Artist Pyotr Pavlensky, a supporter of jailed members of the female punk band "Pussy Riot", looks on with his mouth sewed up as he protests outside the Kazan Cathedral in St. Petersburg, July 23, 2012.] // ''Best photos of the year 2012'', Reuters. – 2012. – November 14, 2013.</ref> |
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=== ''Carcass'' === |
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On May 3, 2013, Pavlensky held a political protest against repressive government policies. His art performance was called ''Carcass''.<ref name="VideoOfAction" /><ref>''R. Moshkhoyev'' [http://www.kp.ru/online/news/1431470/ In St. Petersburg, the trial of "naked artist" has started] // Komsomolskaya Pravda. – 2013. – May, 4.</ref> His assistants brought him naked and wrapped in a multilayered cocoon of [[barbed wire]] to the main entrance of the [[Legislative Assembly of Saint Petersburg]].<ref name="VideoOfAction">''''[http://escap1sts.wordpress.com/2013/07/10/petr-pavlensky// Petr Pavlensky] // Escapist. – 2013. – July, 10.</ref><ref>''A Stolyarchuk'' [http://www.colta.ru/docs/21554?fb_action_ids=538052092900753&fb_action_types=og.recommends&fb_source=other_multiline&action_object_map={%22538052092900753%22%3A260476320763609}&action_type_map={%22538052092900753%22%3A%22og.recommends%22}&action_ref_map= St. Petersburg artist wrapped himself in the barbed wire] // www.colta.ru. – 2013. – May, 3.</ref><ref name="ActivistsExplainedNakedManNearLegislativeAss">''Own korr.'' [http://www.mr7.ru/articles/82932/ Activists explained of the naked man action near the Legislative Assembly building] // www.mr7.ru. – 2013. – May, 3.</ref><ref>''Own korr.'' [http://www.ntv.ru/novosti/580516/ Naked artist wrapped himself in the barbed wire near St. Petersburg Legislative Assembly Building] // НТВ. – 2013. – May, 3.</ref> The artist remained silent lying still in a half-bent position inside the cocoon and did not react to the actions of others, until he was released by the police with the help of the garden clippers. |
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=== ''Carcass'' (2013) === |
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In her interview with [[Radio Free Europe|Radio Liberty]], Pavlensky's colleague Oksana Shalygina mentioned that a metaphor of the action had its immediate realization in the reality: as soon as the barbed wire was cut off, and the artist was freed from it, the same exact wire wrapped him back in with police, ambulances and numerous field investigators.<ref name="WeeklyReviewDVolchek">''D. Volchek.'' [http://www.svoboda.org/audio/broadcastprogram/729654.html Weekly Review] // Radio Liberty. – 2013. – May, 4.</ref> |
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On 3 May 2013 Pavlensky staged a political art event aimed at showing the existence of a person caught inside a repressive legal system.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-11-11|title=Artist nails his scrotum to the ground in Red Square|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/nov/11/artist-nails-testicles-red-square-pyotr-pavlensky|access-date=2021-04-28|website=the Guardian|language=en}}</ref> This event was called ''Carcass.''<ref name="VideoOfAction" /><ref>''R. Moshkhoyev'' [http://www.kp.ru/online/news/1431470/ In St. Petersburg, the trial of "naked artist" has started] // Komsomolskaya Pravda. – 2013. – May, 4.</ref> His assistants brought him naked, wrapped in a multilayered cocoon of [[barbed wire]], to the main entrance of the [[Legislative Assembly of Saint Petersburg]].<ref name="VideoOfAction">[http://escap1sts.wordpress.com/2013/07/10/petr-pavlensky// Petr Pavlensky] // Escapist. – 2013. – July, 10.</ref><ref>''A Stolyarchuk'' [http://www.colta.ru/docs/21554?fb_action_ids=538052092900753&fb_action_types=og.recommends&fb_source=other_multiline&action_object_map={%22538052092900753%22%3A260476320763609}&action_type_map={%22538052092900753%22%3A%22og.recommends%22}&action_ref_map= St. Petersburg artist wrapped himself in the barbed wire] // www.colta.ru. – 2013. – May, 3.</ref><ref name="ActivistsExplainedNakedManNearLegislativeAss">''Own korr.'' [http://www.mr7.ru/articles/82932/ Activists explained of the naked man action near the Legislative Assembly building] // www.mr7.ru. – 2013. – May, 3.</ref><ref>''Own korr.'' [http://www.ntv.ru/novosti/580516/ Naked artist wrapped himself in the barbed wire near St. Petersburg Legislative Assembly Building] // НТВ. – 2013. – May, 3.</ref> The artist remained silent, lying still in a half-bent position inside the cocoon, and did not react to the actions of others until he was released by the police with the help of garden clippers. This performance was awarded the Alternative Prize for Russian Activist Art in the "Actions Implemented in Urban Space" category in 2013.<ref name="Grani">{{cite web|url=http://grani.ru/people/1866/|title=Peter Pavlensky, Saint Petersburg Artist|publisher=Grani.ru, Daily Internet Newspaper|date=October 28, 2013|language=ru}}</ref> |
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Pavlensky made the following comment about his artwork: "A series of laws aimed at suppressing civic activism, intimidation of the population, steadily growing number of political prisoners, the laws against NGOs, the 18+ laws, censorship laws, activity of [[Federal Service for Supervision of Communications, Information Technology and Mass Media]], "promotion of homosexuality" laws – all these laws aren't aimed against criminals, but against the people. And at last the [[Blasphemy law]]. That is why I organized this action. The human body is naked like a carcass, there is nothing on it except the barbed wire, which by the way was invented for the protection of livestock. These laws like the wire, keep people in individual pens: all this persecution of political activists, [[Bolotnaya square case|"prisoners of May, 6"]], governmental repressions is the metaphor of the pen with the barbed wire around it. All this has been done in order to turn people into gutless and securely guarded cattle, which can only consume, work, and reproduce."<ref name="On Good Friday">''D. Volchek'' [http://www.svoboda.org/content/article/24978110.html Cultural Diary: On Good Friday] // Radio Liberty. – 2013. – May, 8.</ref> |
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===''Fixation'' (2013)=== |
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On 10 November 2013, while sitting naked on the stone pavement in front of [[Lenin's Mausoleum]] on the [[Red Square]], Moscow, Pavlensky hammered a large nail through his [[scrotum]], affixing it to the stone pavement. His political art event coincided with the annual [[Russian Police Day]]. When the police arrived, they covered him with a blanket and later arrested him.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://graniru.org/Politics/Russia/activism/m.221013.html |title=Protester nails testicles to Red Square cobblestone |website=Grani |date=November 10, 2013}}</ref> |
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Later, Pavlensky made the following comment about his art work: |
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<blockquote> |
<blockquote> |
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"A naked artist, looking at his testicles nailed to the cobblestone is a metaphor of apathy, political indifference, and fatalism of Russian society."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newsru.com/russia/10nov2013/pavlensky.html|title=Self-harming artist Pavlensky nailed his testicles to the Red Square|date=November 10, 2013|work=[[NEWSru.com]]|language=ru}}</ref> |
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A series of laws aimed at suppressing civic activism, intimidation of the population, steadily growing number of political prisoners, the laws against NGOs, the 18+ laws, censorship laws, activity of [[Federal Service for Supervision of Communications, Information Technology and Mass Media]], "promotion of homosexuality" laws – all these laws aren't aimed against criminals, but against the people. And at last the [[Blasphemy law]]. That is why I organized this action. The human body is naked like a carcass, there is nothing on it except the barbed wire, which by the way was invented the for protection of livestock. These laws like the wire, keep people in individual pens: all this persecution of political activists, [[Bolotnaya square case|"prisoners of May, 6"]], governmental repressions is the metaphor of the pen with the barbed wire around it. All this has been done in order to turn people into gutless and securely guarded cattle, which can only consume, work, and reproduce.: <small>Dmitry Volchek, "Cultural Diary: On Good Friday», Radio Liberty, May 8, 2013</small><ref name="On Good Friday">''D. Volchek'' [http://www.svoboda.org/content/article/24978110.html Cultural Diary: On Good Friday] // Radio Liberty. – 2013. – May, 8.</ref> |
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</blockquote> |
</blockquote> |
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==='' |
===''Freedom'' (2014)=== |
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On 23 February 2014 Pavlensky organized an event called ''Freedom'' inspired by [[Euromaidan|Maidan]] and the [[2014 Ukrainian revolution]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://slon.ru/posts/67581|title=Тело как оружие. Почему Петр Павленский неуязвим для власти|website=slon.ru|access-date=2016-05-06}}</ref> The artist and his friends built an imitation [[barricade]] on [[Tripartite Bridge]] in [[Saint Petersburg]], burned tires, and beat drums. The event was interrupted by Saint Petersburg police who arrested Pavlensky and his colleagues.<ref>{{cite news|title=Художник Павленский и Ко устроили "Майдан" в центре Петербурга|url=http://www.mk.ru/social/article/2014/02/23/989021-hudozhnik-pavlenskiy-i-ko-ustroili-maydan-v-tsentre-peterburga.html|newspaper=[[MoskovskyKomsomolets]]|date=February 24, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Петр Павленский устроил "майдан" в центре Петербурга|url=http://www.fontanka.ru/2014/02/23/004/|newspaper=Fontanka|date=February 23, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Петр Павленский зажег покрышки у Спаса-на-Крови в поддержку Майдана|url=http://www.spb.aif.ru/politic/action/1111269|newspaper=[[Argumenty i Fakty]]|date=February 23, 2014}}</ref> |
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On November 10, 2013, while sitting naked on the stone pavement in front of the [[Lenin's Mausoleum]] on the [[Red Square]], Moscow, Pavlensky hammered a large nail through his [[scrotum]] affixing it to the stone pavement. His action coincided with the annual Russian Police Day. When the police arrived, they covered him with a blanket and later arrested him.<ref>AFP. {{cite web |url=http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5i0205mTMZyKYJ8qWksj8E9IBkYjg?docId=cb5ad566-dfc9-43fc-9a09-1b50be1706bc |title=Protester nails testicles to Red Square cobblestone}} November 10, 2013.</ref> "A naked artist, looking at his testicles nailed to the cobblestone is a metaphor of apathy, political indifference, and fatalism of Russian society," declared Pavlensky in his statement to the media.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newsru.com/russia/10nov2013/pavlensky.html|title=Self-harming artist Pavlensky nailed his testicles to the Red Square|date=November 10, 2013|work=[[NEWSru.com]]|language=Russian|accessdate=November 10, 2013}}</ref> |
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On 25 February 2014 Dzerzhinsky Criminal Court stopped the administrative case against Pavlensky on the accusations of [[hooliganism]], and released him from custody. An investigation into Pavlensky's alleged violation of the regulations on political meetings continued.<ref>{{cite news|title=Художнику Павленскому простили поджог покрышек|url=http://lenta.ru/news/2014/02/25/pavlensky/|newspaper=[[Lenta.ru]]|date=February 25, 2014}}</ref> He was charged with vandalism due to the tire burning.<ref name=MT150728>{{cite news |url= https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jul/28/petr-pavlensky-artist-scrotum-red-square-interrogator |title=How Russia's 'most controversial artist' persuaded his interrogator to change sides |first= Ivan |last= Nechepurenko |work= [[The Moscow Times]] |publisher= guardian.co.uk |date= July 28, 2015 }}</ref> During the investigation, Pavlensky secretly recorded his interrogation sessions with Pavel Yasman, the main investigating officer, and involved him into a discussion on the nature and meanings of political art.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-07-27|title=Artist Pyotr Pavlensky Makes Interrogator Flip|url=https://news.artnet.com/art-world/pyotr-pavlensky-interrogator-flips-russia-319861|access-date=2021-04-28|website=Artnet News|language=en-US}}</ref> Yasman then quit his job at Russia’s Investigative Committee and began preparing to become a lawyer in order to defend Pavlensky.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Nechepurenko|first=Ivan|date=2015-07-26|title=How Russia's Most Notorious Artist Convinced His Interrogator to Switch Sides|url=https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2015/07/26/how-russias-most-notorious-artist-convinced-his-interrogator-to-switch-sides-a48533|access-date=2021-04-28|website=The Moscow Times|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=network|first=Ivan Nechepurenko for The Moscow Times, part of the New East|date=2015-07-28|title=How Russia's 'most controversial artist' persuaded his interrogator to change sides|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jul/28/petr-pavlensky-artist-scrotum-red-square-interrogator|access-date=2021-04-28|website=the Guardian|language=en}}</ref> The transcript of their conversations was published as the ''Dialogues on art'' in several countries. |
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===''Freedom''=== |
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On February 23, 2014, Pavlensky organized the action named ''Freedom'' in support of [[Automaidan|Maidan]] and [[2014 Ukrainian Revolution]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://slon.ru/posts/67581|title=Тело как оружие. Почему Петр Павленский неуязвим для власти|website=slon.ru|access-date=2016-05-06}}</ref> The artist and his friends built an imitation [[barricade]] on [[Tripartite Bridge]] in [[Saint Petersburg]], burned tires, beat drums and shouted [[Maidan]] slogans. The action was interrupted by Saint Petersburg police who arrested Pavlensky and his colleagues.<ref>{{cite news|title=Художник Павленский и Ко устроили "Майдан" в центре Петербурга|url=http://www.mk.ru/social/article/2014/02/23/989021-hudozhnik-pavlenskiy-i-ko-ustroili-maydan-v-tsentre-peterburga.html|newspaper=[[Moskovsky Komsomolets]]|date=February 24, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Петр Павленский устроил "майдан" в центре Петербурга|url=http://www.fontanka.ru/2014/02/23/004/|newspaper=Fontanka|date=February 23, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Петр Павленский зажег покрышки у Спаса-на-Крови в поддержку Майдана|url=http://www.spb.aif.ru/politic/action/1111269|newspaper=[[Argumenty i Fakty]]|date=February 23, 2014}}</ref> |
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===''Segregation'' (2014)=== |
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On February 25, 2014, Dzerzhinsky Criminal Court stopped the administrative case against Pavlensky and his assistant Yaroslav Gradil ({{lang-ru|link=no|Ярослав Градиль}}) on the accusations of [[hooliganism]], and released them from prison. An investigation into Pavlensky's alleged violation of the regulations on political meetings continued.<ref>{{cite news|title=Художнику Павленскому простили поджог покрышек|url=http://lenta.ru/news/2014/02/25/pavlensky/|newspaper=[[Lenta.ru]]|date=February 25, 2014}}</ref> He was charged with vandalism due to his burning of tires.<ref name=MT150728>{{cite news |url= http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jul/28/petr-pavlensky-artist-scrotum-red-square-interrogator |title=How Russia's 'most controversial artist' persuaded his interrogator to change sides |first= Ivan |last= Nechepurenko |work= [[The Moscow Times]] |publisher= guardian.co.uk |date= July 28, 2015 }}</ref> |
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[[File:Пётр Павленский.jpg|thumb|''Segregation'': Pavlensky moments after self-harming. Moscow, October 2014.]] |
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On 19 October 2014 Pavlensky cut off his earlobe with a [[chef's knife]] while sitting naked on the roof of the infamous [[Serbsky Center]] to make visible the [[political abuse of psychiatry in Russia]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://slon.ru/fast/russia/khudozhnik-pavlenskiy-otrezal-sebe-mochku-ukha-1173405.xhtml | script-title=ru:Художник Павленский отрезал себе мочку уха | publisher=Slon.ru | date=October 19, 2014 | access-date=2014-10-19 |language=ru| title=Republic.ru }}</ref><ref name="nyt-dangerous-art-2019"/> This art event was an homage to [[Vincent van Gogh|Van Gogh]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Walker|first=Craig Stewart|date=2017|title=Madness, Dissidence and Transduction|url=https://www.redalyc.org/jatsRepo/649/64954578005/html/index.html|journal=Palabra Clave|language=en|volume=20|issue=3|pages=686–701|doi=10.5294/pacla.2017.20.3.5|doi-access=free}}</ref> |
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==='' |
===''Threat'' (2015)=== |
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Pavlensky came to the first entrance of the [[Lubyanka Building]], which is the headquarters of the [[Federal Security Service|Russian Federal Security Service]], on 9 November 2015 at 1:15 a.m. Moscow time, doused the front door with gasoline, and set fire to it with a cigarette lighter. The doors of the building were partially burnt. Pavlensky stood and waited to be arrested, was detained after 30 seconds without resistance, and was charged with debauchery. A few hours after the event, a video appeared on the Internet with an explanation of the meaning of the burning. |
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On October 19, 2014, Pavlensky cut off his earlobe with a [[chef's knife]] while sitting naked on the roof of the infamous [[Serbsky Center]] in protest against [[political abuse of psychiatry in Russia]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://slon.ru/fast/russia/khudozhnik-pavlenskiy-otrezal-sebe-mochku-ukha-1173405.xhtml | script-title=ru:Художник Павленский отрезал себе мочку уха | publisher=Slon.ru | date=October 19, 2014 | accessdate=2014-10-19 |language=Russian}}</ref> |
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The criminal case against Pavlensky was opened on 9 November 2015 under the "vandalism" section of [[Article 214]] of the Russian criminal code. He was held in a psychiatric ward for a few weeks, and spent seven months in prison waiting for his trial. |
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===''Lubyanka's burning door''=== |
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Pavlensky came to the first entrance of Lubyanka Building, which is headquarters of [[Federal Security Service|Russian Federal Security Service]] on November 9, 2015 at 1:15 Moscow time, and doused the front door with gasoline and set fire to it with a cigarette lighter. The doors of the building were partially burnt. Pavlensky was detained after 30 seconds without resistance, and charged with debauchery. A few hours after the action, a video appeared on the Internet with an explanation of the meaning of the burning. The action is called "Lubyanka's burning door" according to Pavlensky. The criminal case against Pavlensky was opened on November 9, 2015 under the "vandalism" section of article 214 of the Russian criminal code. On November 10, 2015 in the Tagansky district court, Pavlensky declared "I want my action to be reclassified to terrorism."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/jonathanjonesblog/2015/nov/09/pyotr-pavlensky-is-setting-russias-evil-history-ablaze|title=Pyotr Pavlensky is setting Russia's evil history ablaze|first=Jonathan|last=Jones|date=9 November 2015|publisher=}}</ref> |
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According to gallerist [[Marat Gelman]], the action shows Pavlensky's "obvious symbolism": Lubyanka door |
According to gallerist [[Marat Gelman]], the action shows Pavlensky's "obvious symbolism": "The Lubyanka door is the gate of hell, the entrance into the world of absolute evil. And against the backdrop of hellfire is a lonely artist, waiting to be captured ... Pavlensky's figure at the door of the FSB in flames - very important symbol for today's Russia, both political and artistic."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.interpretermag.com/russia-update-november-10-2015/|title=Russia Update: FSB Seals Entrance of Lubyanka as Artist Pavlensky Awaits Determination of His Case}}</ref> |
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On 8 June 2016, the Moscow criminal court declared Pavlensky guilty and sentenced him to a fine of 500,000 rubles |
On 8 June 2016, the Moscow criminal court declared Pavlensky guilty of vandalism and sentenced him to a fine of 500,000 rubles,<ref>{{cite web | url=https://meduza.io/news/2016/06/08/pavlenskiy-prigovoren-k-shtrafu-v-500-tysyach-rubley-za-podzhog-dveri-fsb | title=Павленский приговорен к штрафу в 500 тысяч рублей за поджог двери ФСБ | publisher=meduza.io | access-date=8 June 2016}}</ref> which Pavlensky refused to pay. |
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On 13 August 2016, Pavlensky gave a lecture in Odessa, Ukraine which ended with the inebriated Ukrainian journalist and screenwriter [[Vladimir Nestrenko]] instigating a fight that ended with his stabbing one of two security guards who tried to subdue him. The second of the two security guards suffered a fatal heart attack after the incident.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Davidzon|first1=Vladislav|title=Russian Conceptual Artist Petr Pavlensky Gives Sensational Lecture On Violent Political Art, Evening Ends With Lethal Brawl|url=http://odessareview.com/russian-conceptual-artist-petr-pavlenskys-gives-sensational-lecture-violent-political-art-evening-ends-lethal-brawl/|access-date=16 August 2016|agency=The Odessa Review}}</ref> |
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== Projects and actions == |
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* 2012 – Action ''Seam''. In front of [[Kazan Cathedral, St. Petersburg]]. |
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* 2013 – Action ''Fixation''. [[Red Square]], Moscow. |
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* 2013 – Action ''Carcass''. In front of [[Mariinsky Palace]], [[Saint Petersburg]]. |
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* 2014 – Action ''Freedom'' On Little Konushennaya bridge |
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* 2014 – Action ''Segregation'' On the wall outside the Serbsky Institute of Psychiatry in Moscow. |
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* 2015 – Action ''Lubyanka's burning door'' On the door of [[FSB (Russia)|Federal Security Service]] in Moscow.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-34764044|title=Russian activist sets fire to FSB Lubyanka door|publisher=}}</ref> |
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===''Lighting'' (2017)=== |
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== Group art exhibitions == |
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On 16 October 2017, in his first political art event outside Russia, Pavlensky was arrested in Paris after setting fire to the street-level windows of an office of the [[Bank of France]], located on the [[Place de la Bastille]] in Paris.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://sg.news.yahoo.com/exiled-russian-artist-torches-central-bank-branch-paris-114547388.html|title=Exiled Russian artist torches central bank branch in Paris |date=2017-10-16 |access-date=2017-10-16}}</ref> He was charged with property damage, together with his accomplice Oksana Shalygina.<ref name="nyt-dangerous-art-2019">{{cite web |last1=Eberstadt |first1=Fernanda |title=The Dangerous Art of Pyotr Pavlensky |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/11/magazine/pyotr-pavlensky-art.html |work=The New York Times |access-date=13 July 2019 |date=July 11, 2019}}</ref> He was initially detained in a psychiatric hospital unit, until a judge ordered him to be placed in pretrial detention at [[Fleury-Mérogis Prison]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/10/19/arts/pyotr-pavlensky-paris-fire.html |title=Russian Artist Is Charged Over Fire at Central Bank Building in Paris |last=Codrea-Rado |first=Anna |newspaper=The New York Times |date=2017-10-19 |access-date=2017-10-19}}</ref> Pavlensky went on two dry [[hunger strike]]s while imprisoned, in protest at “lack of transparency” over legal process.<ref name="nyt-dangerous-art-2019"/><ref>{{Cite web|title=Detention extended for Russian performance artist Pyotr Pavlensky who set fire to bank in Paris|url=http://www.theartnewspaper.com/news/controversial-russian-performance-artist-pyotr-pavlensky-detained-for-four-more-months-in-paris-prison|access-date=2021-05-28|website=www.theartnewspaper.com|date=13 February 2018|language=en}}</ref> He served eleven months in pretrial detention.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Eberstadt|first=Fernanda|date=2019-07-11|title=The Dangerous Art of Pyotr Pavlensky|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/11/magazine/pyotr-pavlensky-art.html|access-date=2021-04-28|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> |
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In 2012, Pavlensky participated in the alumni and students art exhibition ''Oculus Two'' organized by Pro Arte Foundation.<ref name="Oculus">{{cite web|url=http://www.proarte.ru/events/oculus-dva-vystavka-molodykh-khudozhnikov-fonda-pro-arte|title=Oculus Two: Exhibition of Young Artists of Pro Arte Foundation|publisher=St. Petersburg Pro Arte Foundation for Culture and Arts, Russia |language=Russian}}</ref> In 2013, in front of the [[Hermitage Museum|State Hermitage Museum]] in Saint Petersburg, he organized a street art exhibition ''Ghosts of Identity'', which came as a project of his ''Political Propaganda'' periodical. |
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On 10 January 2019, Pavlensky was sentenced to three years in prison; his pre-trial detention was counted as time served and the remaining two years were suspended. Shalygina was sentenced to two years in prison, of which 16 months were spent on probation. In addition, the convicts were obliged to pay the Bank of France €18,678 as compensation for material damage and €3,000 for moral damage. According to the newspaper ''Le Matin'', Pavlensky in response shouted in Russian "Never!".<ref>{{cite news|url= https://www.lematin.ch/monde/Banque-de-France-incendiee-il-va-en-prison/story/25620312|title= Banque de France incendiée: il va en prison|date =2019-01-11|newspaper= Le Matin|access-date= 2019-01-29|language= fr}}</ref> Pavlensky dedicated his trial to the [[Marquis de Sade]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Russian performance artist Pyotr Pavlensky gets three-year prison sentence, but walks free for time served|url=http://www.theartnewspaper.com/news/russian-performance-pyotr-pavlensky-gets-three-year-sentence-but-walks-free|access-date=2021-05-28|website=www.theartnewspaper.com|date=11 January 2019|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Russian Artist Pyotr Pavlensky Sentenced over Paris Bank Fire|url=https://www.artforum.com/news/russian-artist-pyotr-pavlensky-sentenced-over-paris-bank-fire-78313|access-date=2021-05-28|website=www.artforum.com|language=en-US}}</ref> |
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=== ''Pornopolitics'' (2020) === |
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In 2020, Pavlensky created a new political art event titled "Pornopolitics," for which he launched a website presented as "the world's first porn resource to involve politicians or elected and appointed government officials".<ref name="rfi.fr">{{Cite web|date=2020-02-15|title=Russian artist who released Griveaux sex video is launching 'political porn platform'|url=https://www.rfi.fr/en/france/20200215-russia-artist-who-released-griveaux-sex-video-launching-political-porn-platform|access-date=2021-05-28|website=RFI|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Pyotr Pavlensky Uncensored The Artlyst Interview - Paul Carter Robinson |url=https://artlyst.com/features/pyotr-pavlensky-uncensored-the-artlyst-interview-with-paul-carter-robinson/ |access-date=2023-05-31 |website=Artlyst |language=en-GB}}</ref> This event aimed to expose the lies of civil servants, politicians, and representatives of power who "impose puritanism on society while despising it".<ref name="rfi.fr"/><ref>{{Cite web|author=Saskya Vandoorne and Frank Andrews|title=Russian artist defends leak of explicit video that brought down Macron ally as 'political porn'|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/02/20/europe/pyotr-pavlensky-france-sex-scandal-intl/index.html|access-date=2021-05-28|website=CNN|date=21 February 2020 }}</ref> |
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On February 12 2020, the artist published intimate videos and sexually suggestive messages sent to a woman by the Parisian mayoral deputy, and mayoral candidate, [[Benjamin Griveaux]]. Pavlensky explained that this material demonstrated "the hypocrisy" of the candidate who campaigned by touting "traditional family values".<ref>{{Cite web|last=Norman|first=Greg|date=2020-02-14|title=Macron ally quits Paris mayoral race after sexually explicit images surface|url=https://www.foxnews.com/world/macron-ally-quits-paris-mayoral-race|access-date=2021-05-28|website=Fox News|language=en-US}}</ref> Benjamin Griveaux then withdrew from the mayoral elections.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Rose|first=Sudip Kar-Gupta, Michel|date=2020-02-14|title=Macron's candidate for Paris mayor quits over sexting row|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-france-politics-idUSKBN2080UG|access-date=2021-05-28}}</ref> Pornopolitique.com was censored three days after the beginning of the event.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Parisian Mayoral Candidate Drops Out after Artist Pyotr Pavlensky Leaks Explicit Videos|url=https://www.artforum.com/news/parisian-mayoral-candidate-drops-out-after-artist-pyotr-pavlensky-leaks-explicit-videos-82185|access-date=2021-05-28|website=www.artforum.com|language=en-US}}</ref> |
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Pavlensky was arrested and placed in police custody with his partner Alexandra De Taddeo who was the recipient of the sexually explicit content.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Paris|first=Agence France-Presse in|date=2020-02-18|title=French prosecutors investigate Russian artist over sex video|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/feb/18/french-prosecutors-investigate-russian-artist-pyotr-pavlensky-sex-video|access-date=2021-05-28|website=the Guardian|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Higgins|first=Andrew|date=2020-02-28|title=An Artist Who Aspires to Be 'a Bone in Everyone's Throat'|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/28/world/europe/pyotr-pavlensky-interview.html|access-date=2021-05-28|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> They were tried on June 28, 2023. They invited art historians to testify, as well as actors to perform Moliere’s ''[[Tartuffe]]'' in court. The prosecution called for them to be given a six-month prison sentence and a fine of €50,000.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sansom |first=Anna |date=2023-06-30 |title='You're a Big Imbecile': Russian Artist Pyotr Pavlensky's Trial Over a Leaked Video That Brought Down a Politician Concludes With a Tense Spectacle |url=https://news.artnet.com/art-world/trial-pyotr-pavlesnky-2329518 |access-date=2023-08-02 |website=Artnet News |language=en-US}}</ref> On 11 October 2023 he received a six-month sentence, to be served outside prison with an [[Electronic tagging|electronic bracelet]], while De Taddeo was given a six-month suspended sentence. They were fined €15,000 and ordered to pay €5,000 court costs.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://today.rtl.lu/entertainment/news/a/2124970.html|title=French court sentences Russian artist to six months in sextape scandal|date=2023-10-13|website=RTL}}</ref> |
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Pavlensky explained that this artwork was “entirely based on playing with aesthetic categories” with high style being juxtaposed to low style: "Essentially, it was the same as taking a portrait of a politician, made according to the rules of the high style and displayed for everyone to see, and adding to it a drawing of male genitalia". He also declared: “Everything that we have seen from the moment I have presented Pornopolitics to the public was in fact only one of the many episodes of the eternal collision between art and power. However, the fact that aesthetic categories continue to mean so much in today’s world is a real surprise to me”.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shaw |first=Anny |date=2023-05-15 |title=June trial date set for Russian artist who leaked sex video of President Emmanuel Macron’s ‘right-hand man’ |url=https://www.theartnewspaper.com/2023/05/15/june-trial-date-set-for-russian-artist-who-leaked-sex-video-of-president-emmanuel-macrons-right-hand-man |access-date=2023-06-03 |website=The Art Newspaper - International art news and events}}</ref> |
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== Subject-Object Art == |
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Sometimes considered as a representative of the third wave of Russian actionism<ref>{{Cite web |last=Smodej |first=Dušan |date=2022-11-02 |title=Pyotr Pavlensky / Geburt einer Kunst |url=https://www.nastymagazine.com/art-culture/pyotr-pavlensky-geburt-einer-kunst/ |access-date=2023-08-02 |website=NASTY Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> or a political artist,<ref>{{Cite news |title=Body Politics |work=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/1843/2016/05/03/body-politics |access-date=2023-08-02 |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Pavlensky says he has abandoned those terms and theorises his own art practice as what he calls Subject-Object Art. |
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Subject-Object Art is based on the existence of the phenomenon of power and the interaction between those who govern (subjects of power) and those who are governed (objects of power). Pavlensky explains that Subject-Object Art is about arranging a certain combination of circumstances, thereby forcing officials to proceed to exercise their powers of authority and thus realise the artist’s idea, namely, making power work for art. "Through that, a subject of power becomes an object of art, and what turns them into an object is their own power of authority".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-11 |title=Петр Павленский. Интервью |url=https://holod.media/2023/01/11/pavlensky-interview/ |access-date=2023-08-02 |website=«Холод» |language=ru-RU}}</ref> |
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Pavlensky also distinguishes photo documentation of "events" from "precedents", which are aesthetically valuable images and texts produced by officials during administrative and judicial proceedings that are selected by the artist, exhibited in art spaces, published as books or put on as plays and films.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pyotr Pavlensky Uncensored The Artlyst Interview - Paul Carter Robinson |url=https://artlyst.com/features/pyotr-pavlensky-uncensored-the-artlyst-interview-with-paul-carter-robinson/ |access-date=2023-08-02 |website=Artlyst |language=en-GB}}</ref> |
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== Exhibitions == |
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In 2012, Pavlensky participated in the alumni and students art exhibition ''Oculus Two'' organized by the Pro Arte Foundation.<ref name="Oculus">{{cite web|url=http://www.proarte.ru/events/oculus-dva-vystavka-molodykh-khudozhnikov-fonda-pro-arte|title=Oculus Two: Exhibition of Young Artists of Pro Arte Foundation|publisher=St. Petersburg Pro Arte Foundation for Culture and Arts, Russia|language=ru|access-date=2015-01-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160501193500/http://proarte.ru/events/oculus-dva-vystavka-molodykh-khudozhnikov-fonda-pro-arte/|archive-date=2016-05-01|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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In 2013, in front of the [[Hermitage Museum|State Hermitage Museum]] in Saint Petersburg, he organized a street art exhibition titled ''Ghosts of Identity'', arising as a project from his journal ''Political Propaganda''. |
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In 2017, Pavlensky participated in ''Art Riot'' at the [[Saatchi Gallery]] in London.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.artlyst.com/previews/pussy-riot-pyotr-pavlensky-join-forces-saatchi-gallery-exhibition/|title=Pussy Riot and Pyotr Pavlensky Join Forces for Saatchi Gallery Exhibition}}</ref> This exhibition ranked among the top 10 most popular contemporary art exhibitions of the year.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.theartnewspaper.com/feature/ranked-the-top-ten-most-popular-shows-in-their-categories-from-around-the-world|title = Ranked: The top ten most popular shows in their categories from around the world|date = 27 March 2019}}</ref> |
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Also in 2017, he participated in ''Beyond the Pleasure Principle'' at the [[Zachęta]] National Gallery of Art.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://zacheta.art.pl/en/wystawy/poza-zasada-przyjemnosci?setlang=1|title = Beyond the Pleasure Principle Affective Operations - Zachęta Narodowa Galeria Sztuki}}</ref> |
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In 2018, his work appeared as part of the exhibition ''Us or Chaos'' at [[BPS22]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bps22.be/en/exhibitions/us-or-chaos|title = Us or Chaos}}</ref> and ''Talking about a Revolution'' at 22Visconti. |
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In 2018, Pack Gallery presented his work as part of the exhibition ''439754'', his prison number at [[Fleury-Mérogis Prison]], where he was detained the previous year. |
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In 2019, [[ART4.RU Contemporary Art Museum]] presented ''Archives of Pyotr Pavlensky''.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/culture/article/2019/11/06/des-pussy-riot-a-pavlenski-les-insoumis-russes-s-exposent-a-la-barbe-du-kremlin_6018157_3246.html|title = Des Pussy Riot à Pavlenski, les insoumis russes s'exposent à la barbe du Kremlin|newspaper = Le Monde.fr|date = 6 November 2019}}</ref> |
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In 2022, his works were exhibited as part of the ''Politics in Art'' exhibition at [[Museum of Contemporary Art in Kraków|MOCAK]] in Krakow.<ref>{{Cite web |last=MOCAK |title=Politics in Art |url=https://en.mocak.pl/politics-in-art}}</ref> The decision to use his work ''Seam'' as promotional material for the exhibition was highly criticized by activists protesting against Russia's invasion of Ukraine; they demanded that the work be replaced by that of a Ukrainian artist.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Posłuchaj podcastu: Rosyjski artysta na plakacie wystawy w krakowskim MOCAK-u: "Został twarzą także ukraińskich artystów" |url=https://audycje.tokfm.pl/podcast/122273,Rosyjski-artysta-na-plakacie-wystawy-w-krakowskim-MOCAK-u-Zostal-twarza-takze-ukrainskich-artystow |access-date=2022-10-12 |website=TOK FM |language=pl}}</ref> A petition signed by more than a hundred Ukrainian and Polish artists led the director of [[Museum of Contemporary Art in Kraków|MOCAK]], Maria Anna Potocka, to publicly defend her choice: "When we selected the works for the exhibition, we were looking for artists who express themselves on political matters and, at the same time, whose works have great artistic value”.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kalęba |first=Julia |date=2022-05-06 |title=Kraków. Artyści krytykują MOCAK za eksponowanie twórczości rosyjskiego twórcy |url=https://gazetakrakowska.pl/krakow-artysci-krytykuja-mocak-za-eksponowanie-tworczosci-rosyjskiego-tworcy/ar/c13-16326951 |access-date=2022-10-12 |website=Gazeta Krakowska |language=pl-PL}}</ref> |
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In 2022, Pavlensky presented ''Pornopolitics and Other Precedents'', his first solo show in the UK. The exhibition, held at the London-based organisation [[a/political]], is backed by [[Babestation]].<ref name="theartnewspaper.com"/><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-10-11 |title=Babestation-backed sex-tape artist unable to travel to his London show from France |url=https://www.theartnewspaper.com/2022/10/12/babestation-backed-sex-tape-artist-unable-to-travel-to-his-london-show |access-date=2022-10-12 |website=The Art Newspaper - International art news and events}}</ref> This exhibition of "precedents" unveils Pavlensky's theoretical framework, which he terms Subject-Object Art.<ref name="theartnewspaper.com"/><ref name="artlyst.com"/> |
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In 2022, his artworks ''Seam'', ''Pornopolitics'' and ''Fixation'' were presented as parts of the ''Milky Way'' exhibition at the Contemporary Art Museum of Vojvodina, Serbia.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MILKY WAY {{!}} MSUV |url=http://msuv.org/en/2022/11/15/milky-way/ |access-date=2023-05-28 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Srbija |first=Euronews |date=2022-11-15 |title=Intermedijska izložba "Mlečni put – umetnost, vreme, prostor" na više lokacija u Novom Sadu |url=https://www.euronews.rs/kultura/aktuelno-iz-kulture/68963/intermedijska-izlozba-mlecni-put-umetnost-vreme-prostor-na-vise-lokacija-u-novom-sadu/vest |access-date=2023-05-28 |website=Euronews.rs |language=sr}}</ref> |
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In 2023, his artwork ''Lighting'' was included as part of the ''Someone is Getting Rich'' exhibition at the [[Tropenmuseum|TropenMuseum]] in Amsterdam.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Someone is getting rich |url=http://www.tropenmuseum.nl/en/whats-on/exhibitions/someone-is-getting-rich |access-date=2023-05-28 |website=Tropenmuseum in Amsterdam |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Someone is Getting Rich |url=https://www.artforum.com/artguide/tropenmuseum-23108/someone-is-getting-rich-218072 |access-date=2023-05-28 |website=Artforum |language=en-US}}</ref> |
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== Controversies == |
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=== Sexual assault allegations === |
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In early 2017, Pavlensky fled Russia with his partner Oksana Shalygina and their children amid allegations of sexual assault against the couple. Media in Russia reported that Anastasia Slonina, a young actress from the Moscow-based theatre Teatr.doc, had accused Pavlensky and Shalygina of sexually assaulting and then threatening her.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/jan/17/radical-protest-artist-pyotr-pavlensky-flees-from-russia-to-france#img-1 |title=Radical protest artist Pyotr Pavlensky flees from Russia to France |website=[[TheGuardian.com]] |date=2017-01-17 |access-date=2017-10-16}}</ref> Pavlensky and Shalygina denied the allegations and said the investigation was politically motivated; the case has similarities with the accusations against Russian historian [[Yury A. Dmitriev]].<ref name="nyt-dangerous-art-2019"/> In 2017, the couple were granted political asylum in France.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Russian performance artist granted political asylum in France|url=http://www.theartnewspaper.com/news/russian-performance-artist-granted-political-asylum-in-france|access-date=2021-05-28|website=www.theartnewspaper.com|date=8 May 2017|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-05-05|title=Provocative Russian artist wins political asylum in France|url=https://www.rfi.fr/en/europe/20170505-provocative-russian-artist-wins-political-asylum-france|access-date=2021-05-28|website=RFI|language=en}}</ref> |
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=== Invasion of privacy === |
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In February 2020, [[Benjamin Griveaux]], a former government minister, lodged a legal complaint following the release of videos of him performing a sex act on himself.<ref name="Marin"/> Petr Pavlensky and his girlfriend were accused of invasion of privacy and “broadcasting images of a sexual nature without the permission of the person involved”. Pavlensky allegedly admitted to releasing the video on his website as part of his ''Pornopolitics'' event, saying he wanted to expose the minister's “hypocrisy”.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Willsher|first=Kim|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/feb/16/russian-artist-and-girlfriend-held-over-release-of-paris-politicians-sex-video|title=Russian artist and girlfriend held over release of Paris politician's sex video|date=2020-02-16|work=The Guardian|access-date=2020-02-16|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> Pavlensky was also arrested on 14 February 2020 for allegedly stabbing two people in a Paris flat during a New Year's Eve party, an allegation which he denies;<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rouget |first=François Bonnet, Camille Polloni, Antton |title=Piotr Pavlenski, l’homme derrière la chute de Griveaux, a été arrêté |url=https://www.mediapart.fr/journal/france/150220/piotr-pavlenski-l-homme-derriere-la-chute-de-griveaux-ete-arrete |access-date=2023-05-31 |website=Mediapart |language=fr}}</ref> the case continues.<ref>{{cite web |last=Bafoil |first=Pierre |title= Au Nouvel An de Juan Branco, le début des ennuis pour les protagonistes de l'affaire Griveaux |url= https://www.lejdd.fr/Societe/au-nouvel-an-de-juan-branco-le-debut-des-ennuis-pour-les-protagonistes-de-laffaire-griveaux-3949802.amp |publisher= Le Journal Du Dimanche |language= fr-FR |date = 16 February 2020}}</ref> |
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===Intimate partner violence allegation=== |
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In November 2020 Pavlensky’s ex-partner Oksana Shalygina released a book and gave an interview to the website [[Wonderzine]]. She recounted experiencing severe physical abuse and sexual violence from Pavlensky.<ref>{{cite web |title= ‘It hurt to breathe’ Oksana Shalygina reveals years of domestic violence during relationship with Russian artist Petr Pavlensky |url= https://meduza.io/en/feature/2020/11/05/it-hurt-to-breathe |date= 5 November 2020}}</ref> |
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In 2022, Pavlensky declared that Shalygina's book "was built on lies, interpretations and understatements ... But I do not want to comment on this situation in more detail, so as not to violate Shalygina's intention as an author".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Петр Павленский. Большой разговор {{!}} Colta.ru |url=https://www.colta.ru/articles/society/29333-denis-kurenov-bolshoe-intervyu-petr-pavlenskiy |access-date=2022-10-12 |website=www.colta.ru}}</ref> |
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== Awards == |
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Pavlensky was awarded the [[Václav Havel Prize for Creative Dissent]] in 2016. The Prize was later withdrawn after Pavlensky announced his intention to dedicate it (and its monetary award) to [[Primorsky Partisans|an insurgent group]] and then explicitly endorsed the use of violence as a valid method to combat governmental oppression.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://humanrightsfoundation.org/programs/hrf-programs/2016-laureates|title=2016 Laureates|date=2016|publisher=Human Rights Foundation|access-date=2016-10-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202043220/https://humanrightsfoundation.org/programs/hrf-programs/2016-laureates|archive-date=2017-02-02|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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Pavlensky was also nominated for Russia's "Innovation" art prize in 2016, but was later barred by the National Centre for Contemporary Art on the grounds that he had broken the law, prompting four members of the jury to leave in protest.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.academia.edu/24289908|title=Individual agents of change and state response: Performance art and its impact in contemporary Russia|date=2016|publisher=Aliide Naylor|last1=Naylor|first1=Aliide}}</ref> |
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== Bibliography == |
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* Павленский П. А. О русском акционизме / Пётр Павленский. — М.: АСТ, 2016. — 288 с. — (Ангедония. Проект Данишевского). — {{ISBN|978-5-17-094344-9}} |
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* Pjotr Pawlenski. Pjotr Pawlenski Aktionen / Pjotr Pawlenski. — B.: CiconiaXCiconia, 2016. — ISBN {{ISBN|978-3-945867-04-4}} |
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* Pawlenski P.A. Pjotr Pawlenski: Der bürokratische Krampf und die neue Ökonomie politischer Kunst / Pjotr Pawlenski. — B.: Merve, 2016. — 127 с. — {{ISBN|978-3-88396-381-5}} |
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* Pawlenski P.A.Wladimir Velminski. Gefängnis des Alltäglichen / Pjotr Pawlenski, Wladimir Velminski. — B.: Matthis & Seitz, 2016. — 135 с. — {{ISBN|978-3-95757-377-3}} |
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* Pawlenski P.A. PAWLENSKI / Piotr Pawlenski. — W.: Krytyka Polityczna, 2016. — 291 с. — {{ISBN|978-83-65369-45-1}} |
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* Pavlenski P.A. Théorème / Piotr Pavlenski, Mariel Primois-Bizot. — P.: Editions Exils, 2020. — 180 с. — {{ISBN|978-2-914823-13-5}} |
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* Павленский П. А. Столкновение. — Городец, 2021. — 272 c. — {{ISBN|978-5-907483-05-7}} |
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* Piotr Pavlenski. Collision. — Au Diable Vauvert, 2022. — 336 c. — {{ISBN|979-10-307-0462-4}} |
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=== Translations === |
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* Pavlenski P.A. LE CAS PAVLENSKI/ La politique comme art / Piotr Pavlenski. — P.: Louison editions, 2016. — 262 с. — {{ISBN|979-10-95454-06-9}} ([[French language|French]]) |
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* Petr Pavlenskij. Nudo con filo spinato - ilSaggiatore, 2019 - {{ISBN|978-88-428-2530-2}} ([[Italian language|Italian]]) |
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* Pëtr Pavlenskij. Collisioni - Suddenthoughts, 2023 - {{ISBN|978-8894700817}} ([[Italian language|Italian]]) |
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=== Further reading === |
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* Sven Spieker. Destruction — Whitechapel Gallery/MIT Press, 2017 — 240 c. — {{ISBN|978-0-85488-258-8}} |
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* Pierre Bergounioux. Russe — Fario, 2021 - 48 c. — {{ISBN|979-10-91902-73-1}} |
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* Michaël La Chance. Les inventeurs de vacarmes : Théorie et pratiques de la performance — Presses du réel, 2021 — {{ISBN|978-2-924298-51-0}} |
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* Sandra Frimmel. Art Judgments: Art on Trial in Russia after Perestroika — Vernon Press, 2022 — 320 c. — {{ISBN|978-1-62273-277-7}} |
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* Aliide Naylor. ''[https://www.academia.edu/24289908/Individual_agents_of_change_and_state_response_Performance_art_and_its_impact_in_contemporary_Russia Individual agents of change and state response: Performance art and its impact in contemporary Russia]'' |
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* Pedro Alberto Cruz Sanchez. Arte y Performance. Una historia desde las vanguardias hasta la actualidad — AKAL, 2022 — 672 c. — {{ISBN|978-84-460-5162-6}} |
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* Jenny Doussan, Boris Groys, Michael La Chance, Victor Misiano, Daniel Neofetou, Pyotr Pavlensky, Julian Stallabrass, Sarah Wilson. Pornopolitics and Other Precedents — MOTHER, 2022 — 104 c. — {{ISBN|979-10-415-0298-1}} |
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* Alexandra De Taddeo. L’Amour — Privé/Michel Lafon, 2023 — 368 c. — {{ISBN|978-2-35076-164-0}} |
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* [[Fernanda Eberstadt]]. ''Bite Your Friends: Stories of the Body Militant''. Europa Editions, 2024, pp. 165-191. {{ISBN|979-8-88966-006-4}} |
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==Films== |
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* [https://lefifa.com/catalogue/pavlensky-8211-man-and-might ''Pavlensky, Man and Might''], Irene Langemann, 2016 |
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* [https://dokweb.net/databaze/filmy/details/d2ee25b6-865e-4539-90e7-3207ff2ebaf9/pavlensky-life-naked ''Pavlensky, Life naked''], Daria Khrenova, 2016 |
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* [https://lefifa.com/catalogue/crash-test ''Crash Test''], Mina Angela Naskova Ighnatova, David Antoine Combe, 2023 |
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==Copycat performance== |
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On 5 November 2020 outside Moscow's Federal Security Service (FSB), artist [[Pavel Krisevich]] "replicated the crucifixion of Jesus Christ while other activists in raincoats labeled “FSB” doused the surrounding area with a harmless burning liquid and scattered folders signifying criminal cases".<ref>November 6, 2020. [https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2020/11/06/crucified-jesus-detained-outside-moscow-fsb-headquarters-a71969 ‘Crucified Jesus’ Detained Outside Moscow FSB Headquarters]. [[Moscow Times]]</ref> |
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== References == |
== References == |
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{{reflist| |
{{reflist|}} |
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== External links == |
== External links == |
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* [http://politpropaganda.com/ Political Propaganda], online magazine, in Russian. |
* [http://politpropaganda.com/ Political Propaganda], online magazine, in Russian. |
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* [http://tvrain.ru/articles/sadovye_nozhnitsy_i_odejalo_kak_piterskie_politsejskie_vynimali_obnazhennogo_hudozhnika_iz_koljuchej_provoloki_video-342684/ Video of the action ''Carcass''] TV Channel ''Rain'', 5 March 2013, in Russian. |
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* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dfO4i8g_Uus Video of the action "Stitch"], 07. 23.2012. |
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* [http://tvrain.ru/articles/sadovye_nozhnitsy_i_odejalo_kak_piterskie_politsejskie_vynimali_obnazhennogo_hudozhnika_iz_koljuchej_provoloki_video-342684/ Video of the action ''Carcass''] TV Channel ''Rain'', March 5, 2013, in Russian. |
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* [http://panoramamix.tumblr.com/post/66672906745/pyotr-pavlenski-genital-fixation-on-the-red-square Animated Gif of the action "Nail" or "Fixation"] November 11, 2013, Red Square, Moscow. |
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* [https://vimeo.com/45451906 «What to Do?», theatrical performance «Russian Woods» with Petr Pavlensky starring], 42 min, in Russian. |
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* [http://echo.msk.ru/programs/oni/1066996-echo/ One hour broadcast ''They'' with Petr Pavlensky] TV Channel, ''Echo of Moscow'', in Russian. |
* [http://echo.msk.ru/programs/oni/1066996-echo/ One hour broadcast ''They'' with Petr Pavlensky] TV Channel, ''Echo of Moscow'', in Russian. |
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* D. Zykov. [http://grani.ru/Politics/Russia/activism/m.221013.html Video of action ''Nail'']. ''Artist Petr Pavlensky nailed his testicles to the cobblestone of Red Square'', Grani.ru, 11 October 2013. |
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* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NIcjV2MyFtI Lecture on political art, given by Petr Pavlensky in [[Bergen]], Norway on September 9, 2013], in Russian. |
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* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N-2VIu0HDA0 Video of art exhibition «Ghosts of Identity»], September 21, 2013, in Russian. |
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* D. Zykov. [http://grani.ru/Politics/Russia/activism/m.221013.html Video of action ''Nail'']. ''Artist Petr Pavlensky nailed his testicles to the cobblestone of Red Square'', Grani.ru, October 11, 2013. |
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* [http://rbth.com/society/2014/10/21/severed_earlobe_is_merely_latest_scandalous_art_stunt_by_pyotr_pavlen_40775.html Severed earlobe is merely latest scandalous art stunt by Pyotr Pavlensky, Russia Beyond the Headlines] |
* [http://rbth.com/society/2014/10/21/severed_earlobe_is_merely_latest_scandalous_art_stunt_by_pyotr_pavlen_40775.html Severed earlobe is merely latest scandalous art stunt by Pyotr Pavlensky, Russia Beyond the Headlines] |
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* Jan Machonin [http://www.advojka.cz/archiv/2016/16/too-creative-dissident Too Creative Dissident] online magazine A2 16/ 2016 |
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Latest revision as of 15:32, 23 November 2024
Pyotr Andreevich Pavlensky Пётр Андреевич Павленский | |
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Born | |
Nationality | Russian |
Education | Saint Petersburg Art and Industry Academy, St. Petersburg Pro Arte Foundation for Culture and Arts |
Known for | Actionism, Political art |
Notable work | Seam, Carcass, Fixation, Freedom, Segregation, Lighting, Pornopolitics |
Pyotr (or Petr) Andreyevich Pavlensky (Russian: Пётр Андреевич Павленский; born 8 March 1984) is a Russian contemporary artist. He is known for his controversial political art performances,[1] which he calls "events of Subject-Object Art"[2][3] (previously "events of political art").[4] His work often involves nudity and self-mutilation.[5] Pavlensky makes the "mechanics of power" visible, forcing authorities to take part in his events by staging them in areas with heavy police surveillance.[6] By doing so, "the criminal case becomes one of the layers of the artwork" and the government is "[drawn] into the process of making art".[7]
Early life and education
[edit]Born in Leningrad in 1984, Pavlensky studied monumental art at the Saint Petersburg Art and Industry Academy.[8][9] During his fourth year in the Academy, he took additional training at St. Petersburg Pro Arte Foundation for Culture and Arts (ru:Про Арте).[9]
Pavlensky's "events" are inspired in part by Pussy Riot, as demonstrated in Seam, and follow in the tradition of artists such as Chris Burden, the Viennese Actionists, and Moscow Actionists Oleg Kulik and Alexander Brener,[7] Fluxus and Joseph Beuys.[10]
Career
[edit]Pavlensky and Oksana Shalygina founded an independent online newspaper Political Propaganda in 2012, which was dedicated to contemporary art in political contexts, "overcoming cultural chauvinism, implemented by the government", feminism and gender equality.[11]
Seam (2012)
[edit]Pavlensky first became known for sewing his mouth shut at a political art event staged against the incarceration of members of the Russian punk group Pussy Riot.[9][12][13] On 23 July 2012 Pavlensky appeared at Kazan Cathedral, St. Petersburg with his lips sewn shut, holding a banner that stated: "Action of Pussy Riot was a replica of the famous action of Jesus Christ (Matthew 21:12–13)".[9][14] Police called an ambulance and sent him for a psychiatric examination; the psychiatrist declared him sane and released him shortly after the incident.[15] The artist stated that he was highlighting the lack of regard for artists in contemporary Russia,[15] saying: "My intention was not to surprise anyone or come up with something unusual. Rather, I felt I had to make a gesture that would accurately reflect my situation".[16]
Seam is said to reference David Wojnarowicz's actions in Rosa von Praunheim's documentary Silence = Death (1990),[17] in which Wojnarowicz had sewn his own lips shut in protest at the Reagan administration's lack of action against the AIDS epidemic.[7]
On 14 November 2012 Reuters published its list of the 98 best photos of the year, which included Seam.[18]
Carcass (2013)
[edit]On 3 May 2013 Pavlensky staged a political art event aimed at showing the existence of a person caught inside a repressive legal system.[19] This event was called Carcass.[20][21] His assistants brought him naked, wrapped in a multilayered cocoon of barbed wire, to the main entrance of the Legislative Assembly of Saint Petersburg.[20][22][23][24] The artist remained silent, lying still in a half-bent position inside the cocoon, and did not react to the actions of others until he was released by the police with the help of garden clippers. This performance was awarded the Alternative Prize for Russian Activist Art in the "Actions Implemented in Urban Space" category in 2013.[25]
Pavlensky made the following comment about his artwork: "A series of laws aimed at suppressing civic activism, intimidation of the population, steadily growing number of political prisoners, the laws against NGOs, the 18+ laws, censorship laws, activity of Federal Service for Supervision of Communications, Information Technology and Mass Media, "promotion of homosexuality" laws – all these laws aren't aimed against criminals, but against the people. And at last the Blasphemy law. That is why I organized this action. The human body is naked like a carcass, there is nothing on it except the barbed wire, which by the way was invented for the protection of livestock. These laws like the wire, keep people in individual pens: all this persecution of political activists, "prisoners of May, 6", governmental repressions is the metaphor of the pen with the barbed wire around it. All this has been done in order to turn people into gutless and securely guarded cattle, which can only consume, work, and reproduce."[26]
Fixation (2013)
[edit]On 10 November 2013, while sitting naked on the stone pavement in front of Lenin's Mausoleum on the Red Square, Moscow, Pavlensky hammered a large nail through his scrotum, affixing it to the stone pavement. His political art event coincided with the annual Russian Police Day. When the police arrived, they covered him with a blanket and later arrested him.[27]
"A naked artist, looking at his testicles nailed to the cobblestone is a metaphor of apathy, political indifference, and fatalism of Russian society."[28]
Freedom (2014)
[edit]On 23 February 2014 Pavlensky organized an event called Freedom inspired by Maidan and the 2014 Ukrainian revolution.[29] The artist and his friends built an imitation barricade on Tripartite Bridge in Saint Petersburg, burned tires, and beat drums. The event was interrupted by Saint Petersburg police who arrested Pavlensky and his colleagues.[30][31][32]
On 25 February 2014 Dzerzhinsky Criminal Court stopped the administrative case against Pavlensky on the accusations of hooliganism, and released him from custody. An investigation into Pavlensky's alleged violation of the regulations on political meetings continued.[33] He was charged with vandalism due to the tire burning.[34] During the investigation, Pavlensky secretly recorded his interrogation sessions with Pavel Yasman, the main investigating officer, and involved him into a discussion on the nature and meanings of political art.[35] Yasman then quit his job at Russia’s Investigative Committee and began preparing to become a lawyer in order to defend Pavlensky.[36][37] The transcript of their conversations was published as the Dialogues on art in several countries.
Segregation (2014)
[edit]On 19 October 2014 Pavlensky cut off his earlobe with a chef's knife while sitting naked on the roof of the infamous Serbsky Center to make visible the political abuse of psychiatry in Russia.[38][7] This art event was an homage to Van Gogh.[39]
Threat (2015)
[edit]Pavlensky came to the first entrance of the Lubyanka Building, which is the headquarters of the Russian Federal Security Service, on 9 November 2015 at 1:15 a.m. Moscow time, doused the front door with gasoline, and set fire to it with a cigarette lighter. The doors of the building were partially burnt. Pavlensky stood and waited to be arrested, was detained after 30 seconds without resistance, and was charged with debauchery. A few hours after the event, a video appeared on the Internet with an explanation of the meaning of the burning.
The criminal case against Pavlensky was opened on 9 November 2015 under the "vandalism" section of Article 214 of the Russian criminal code. He was held in a psychiatric ward for a few weeks, and spent seven months in prison waiting for his trial.
According to gallerist Marat Gelman, the action shows Pavlensky's "obvious symbolism": "The Lubyanka door is the gate of hell, the entrance into the world of absolute evil. And against the backdrop of hellfire is a lonely artist, waiting to be captured ... Pavlensky's figure at the door of the FSB in flames - very important symbol for today's Russia, both political and artistic."[40]
On 8 June 2016, the Moscow criminal court declared Pavlensky guilty of vandalism and sentenced him to a fine of 500,000 rubles,[41] which Pavlensky refused to pay.
On 13 August 2016, Pavlensky gave a lecture in Odessa, Ukraine which ended with the inebriated Ukrainian journalist and screenwriter Vladimir Nestrenko instigating a fight that ended with his stabbing one of two security guards who tried to subdue him. The second of the two security guards suffered a fatal heart attack after the incident.[42]
Lighting (2017)
[edit]On 16 October 2017, in his first political art event outside Russia, Pavlensky was arrested in Paris after setting fire to the street-level windows of an office of the Bank of France, located on the Place de la Bastille in Paris.[43] He was charged with property damage, together with his accomplice Oksana Shalygina.[7] He was initially detained in a psychiatric hospital unit, until a judge ordered him to be placed in pretrial detention at Fleury-Mérogis Prison.[44] Pavlensky went on two dry hunger strikes while imprisoned, in protest at “lack of transparency” over legal process.[7][45] He served eleven months in pretrial detention.[46]
On 10 January 2019, Pavlensky was sentenced to three years in prison; his pre-trial detention was counted as time served and the remaining two years were suspended. Shalygina was sentenced to two years in prison, of which 16 months were spent on probation. In addition, the convicts were obliged to pay the Bank of France €18,678 as compensation for material damage and €3,000 for moral damage. According to the newspaper Le Matin, Pavlensky in response shouted in Russian "Never!".[47] Pavlensky dedicated his trial to the Marquis de Sade.[48][49]
Pornopolitics (2020)
[edit]In 2020, Pavlensky created a new political art event titled "Pornopolitics," for which he launched a website presented as "the world's first porn resource to involve politicians or elected and appointed government officials".[50][51] This event aimed to expose the lies of civil servants, politicians, and representatives of power who "impose puritanism on society while despising it".[50][52]
On February 12 2020, the artist published intimate videos and sexually suggestive messages sent to a woman by the Parisian mayoral deputy, and mayoral candidate, Benjamin Griveaux. Pavlensky explained that this material demonstrated "the hypocrisy" of the candidate who campaigned by touting "traditional family values".[53] Benjamin Griveaux then withdrew from the mayoral elections.[54] Pornopolitique.com was censored three days after the beginning of the event.[55]
Pavlensky was arrested and placed in police custody with his partner Alexandra De Taddeo who was the recipient of the sexually explicit content.[56][57] They were tried on June 28, 2023. They invited art historians to testify, as well as actors to perform Moliere’s Tartuffe in court. The prosecution called for them to be given a six-month prison sentence and a fine of €50,000.[58] On 11 October 2023 he received a six-month sentence, to be served outside prison with an electronic bracelet, while De Taddeo was given a six-month suspended sentence. They were fined €15,000 and ordered to pay €5,000 court costs.[59]
Pavlensky explained that this artwork was “entirely based on playing with aesthetic categories” with high style being juxtaposed to low style: "Essentially, it was the same as taking a portrait of a politician, made according to the rules of the high style and displayed for everyone to see, and adding to it a drawing of male genitalia". He also declared: “Everything that we have seen from the moment I have presented Pornopolitics to the public was in fact only one of the many episodes of the eternal collision between art and power. However, the fact that aesthetic categories continue to mean so much in today’s world is a real surprise to me”.[60]
Subject-Object Art
[edit]Sometimes considered as a representative of the third wave of Russian actionism[61] or a political artist,[62] Pavlensky says he has abandoned those terms and theorises his own art practice as what he calls Subject-Object Art.
Subject-Object Art is based on the existence of the phenomenon of power and the interaction between those who govern (subjects of power) and those who are governed (objects of power). Pavlensky explains that Subject-Object Art is about arranging a certain combination of circumstances, thereby forcing officials to proceed to exercise their powers of authority and thus realise the artist’s idea, namely, making power work for art. "Through that, a subject of power becomes an object of art, and what turns them into an object is their own power of authority".[63]
Pavlensky also distinguishes photo documentation of "events" from "precedents", which are aesthetically valuable images and texts produced by officials during administrative and judicial proceedings that are selected by the artist, exhibited in art spaces, published as books or put on as plays and films.[64]
Exhibitions
[edit]In 2012, Pavlensky participated in the alumni and students art exhibition Oculus Two organized by the Pro Arte Foundation.[65]
In 2013, in front of the State Hermitage Museum in Saint Petersburg, he organized a street art exhibition titled Ghosts of Identity, arising as a project from his journal Political Propaganda.
In 2017, Pavlensky participated in Art Riot at the Saatchi Gallery in London.[66] This exhibition ranked among the top 10 most popular contemporary art exhibitions of the year.[67]
Also in 2017, he participated in Beyond the Pleasure Principle at the Zachęta National Gallery of Art.[68]
In 2018, his work appeared as part of the exhibition Us or Chaos at BPS22[69] and Talking about a Revolution at 22Visconti.
In 2018, Pack Gallery presented his work as part of the exhibition 439754, his prison number at Fleury-Mérogis Prison, where he was detained the previous year.
In 2019, ART4.RU Contemporary Art Museum presented Archives of Pyotr Pavlensky.[70]
In 2022, his works were exhibited as part of the Politics in Art exhibition at MOCAK in Krakow.[71] The decision to use his work Seam as promotional material for the exhibition was highly criticized by activists protesting against Russia's invasion of Ukraine; they demanded that the work be replaced by that of a Ukrainian artist.[72] A petition signed by more than a hundred Ukrainian and Polish artists led the director of MOCAK, Maria Anna Potocka, to publicly defend her choice: "When we selected the works for the exhibition, we were looking for artists who express themselves on political matters and, at the same time, whose works have great artistic value”.[73]
In 2022, Pavlensky presented Pornopolitics and Other Precedents, his first solo show in the UK. The exhibition, held at the London-based organisation a/political, is backed by Babestation.[3][74] This exhibition of "precedents" unveils Pavlensky's theoretical framework, which he terms Subject-Object Art.[3][2]
In 2022, his artworks Seam, Pornopolitics and Fixation were presented as parts of the Milky Way exhibition at the Contemporary Art Museum of Vojvodina, Serbia.[75][76]
In 2023, his artwork Lighting was included as part of the Someone is Getting Rich exhibition at the TropenMuseum in Amsterdam.[77][78]
Controversies
[edit]Sexual assault allegations
[edit]In early 2017, Pavlensky fled Russia with his partner Oksana Shalygina and their children amid allegations of sexual assault against the couple. Media in Russia reported that Anastasia Slonina, a young actress from the Moscow-based theatre Teatr.doc, had accused Pavlensky and Shalygina of sexually assaulting and then threatening her.[79] Pavlensky and Shalygina denied the allegations and said the investigation was politically motivated; the case has similarities with the accusations against Russian historian Yury A. Dmitriev.[7] In 2017, the couple were granted political asylum in France.[80][81]
Invasion of privacy
[edit]In February 2020, Benjamin Griveaux, a former government minister, lodged a legal complaint following the release of videos of him performing a sex act on himself.[1] Petr Pavlensky and his girlfriend were accused of invasion of privacy and “broadcasting images of a sexual nature without the permission of the person involved”. Pavlensky allegedly admitted to releasing the video on his website as part of his Pornopolitics event, saying he wanted to expose the minister's “hypocrisy”.[82] Pavlensky was also arrested on 14 February 2020 for allegedly stabbing two people in a Paris flat during a New Year's Eve party, an allegation which he denies;[83] the case continues.[84]
Intimate partner violence allegation
[edit]In November 2020 Pavlensky’s ex-partner Oksana Shalygina released a book and gave an interview to the website Wonderzine. She recounted experiencing severe physical abuse and sexual violence from Pavlensky.[85]
In 2022, Pavlensky declared that Shalygina's book "was built on lies, interpretations and understatements ... But I do not want to comment on this situation in more detail, so as not to violate Shalygina's intention as an author".[86]
Awards
[edit]Pavlensky was awarded the Václav Havel Prize for Creative Dissent in 2016. The Prize was later withdrawn after Pavlensky announced his intention to dedicate it (and its monetary award) to an insurgent group and then explicitly endorsed the use of violence as a valid method to combat governmental oppression.[87]
Pavlensky was also nominated for Russia's "Innovation" art prize in 2016, but was later barred by the National Centre for Contemporary Art on the grounds that he had broken the law, prompting four members of the jury to leave in protest.[88]
Bibliography
[edit]- Павленский П. А. О русском акционизме / Пётр Павленский. — М.: АСТ, 2016. — 288 с. — (Ангедония. Проект Данишевского). — ISBN 978-5-17-094344-9
- Pjotr Pawlenski. Pjotr Pawlenski Aktionen / Pjotr Pawlenski. — B.: CiconiaXCiconia, 2016. — ISBN ISBN 978-3-945867-04-4
- Pawlenski P.A. Pjotr Pawlenski: Der bürokratische Krampf und die neue Ökonomie politischer Kunst / Pjotr Pawlenski. — B.: Merve, 2016. — 127 с. — ISBN 978-3-88396-381-5
- Pawlenski P.A.Wladimir Velminski. Gefängnis des Alltäglichen / Pjotr Pawlenski, Wladimir Velminski. — B.: Matthis & Seitz, 2016. — 135 с. — ISBN 978-3-95757-377-3
- Pawlenski P.A. PAWLENSKI / Piotr Pawlenski. — W.: Krytyka Polityczna, 2016. — 291 с. — ISBN 978-83-65369-45-1
- Pavlenski P.A. Théorème / Piotr Pavlenski, Mariel Primois-Bizot. — P.: Editions Exils, 2020. — 180 с. — ISBN 978-2-914823-13-5
- Павленский П. А. Столкновение. — Городец, 2021. — 272 c. — ISBN 978-5-907483-05-7
- Piotr Pavlenski. Collision. — Au Diable Vauvert, 2022. — 336 c. — ISBN 979-10-307-0462-4
Translations
[edit]- Pavlenski P.A. LE CAS PAVLENSKI/ La politique comme art / Piotr Pavlenski. — P.: Louison editions, 2016. — 262 с. — ISBN 979-10-95454-06-9 (French)
- Petr Pavlenskij. Nudo con filo spinato - ilSaggiatore, 2019 - ISBN 978-88-428-2530-2 (Italian)
- Pëtr Pavlenskij. Collisioni - Suddenthoughts, 2023 - ISBN 978-8894700817 (Italian)
Further reading
[edit]- Sven Spieker. Destruction — Whitechapel Gallery/MIT Press, 2017 — 240 c. — ISBN 978-0-85488-258-8
- Pierre Bergounioux. Russe — Fario, 2021 - 48 c. — ISBN 979-10-91902-73-1
- Michaël La Chance. Les inventeurs de vacarmes : Théorie et pratiques de la performance — Presses du réel, 2021 — ISBN 978-2-924298-51-0
- Sandra Frimmel. Art Judgments: Art on Trial in Russia after Perestroika — Vernon Press, 2022 — 320 c. — ISBN 978-1-62273-277-7
- Aliide Naylor. Individual agents of change and state response: Performance art and its impact in contemporary Russia
- Pedro Alberto Cruz Sanchez. Arte y Performance. Una historia desde las vanguardias hasta la actualidad — AKAL, 2022 — 672 c. — ISBN 978-84-460-5162-6
- Jenny Doussan, Boris Groys, Michael La Chance, Victor Misiano, Daniel Neofetou, Pyotr Pavlensky, Julian Stallabrass, Sarah Wilson. Pornopolitics and Other Precedents — MOTHER, 2022 — 104 c. — ISBN 979-10-415-0298-1
- Alexandra De Taddeo. L’Amour — Privé/Michel Lafon, 2023 — 368 c. — ISBN 978-2-35076-164-0
- Fernanda Eberstadt. Bite Your Friends: Stories of the Body Militant. Europa Editions, 2024, pp. 165-191. ISBN 979-8-88966-006-4
Films
[edit]- Pavlensky, Man and Might, Irene Langemann, 2016
- Pavlensky, Life naked, Daria Khrenova, 2016
- Crash Test, Mina Angela Naskova Ighnatova, David Antoine Combe, 2023
Copycat performance
[edit]On 5 November 2020 outside Moscow's Federal Security Service (FSB), artist Pavel Krisevich "replicated the crucifixion of Jesus Christ while other activists in raincoats labeled “FSB” doused the surrounding area with a harmless burning liquid and scattered folders signifying criminal cases".[89]
References
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- ^ a b "Pyotr Pavlensky Uncensored The Artlyst Interview - Paul Carter Robinson". Artlyst. Retrieved 2022-10-12.
- ^ a b c "Art and activist body a/political to open London space with exhibition by Russian artist facing trial over sex video". The Art Newspaper - International art news and events. 2022-09-20. Retrieved 2022-10-12.
- ^ "" L'art politique " selon Piotr Pavlenski". L'Obs (in French). 18 October 2020. Retrieved 2021-02-25.
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- ^ "Russia Update: FSB Seals Entrance of Lubyanka as Artist Pavlensky Awaits Determination of His Case".
- ^ "Павленский приговорен к штрафу в 500 тысяч рублей за поджог двери ФСБ". meduza.io. Retrieved 8 June 2016.
- ^ Davidzon, Vladislav. "Russian Conceptual Artist Petr Pavlensky Gives Sensational Lecture On Violent Political Art, Evening Ends With Lethal Brawl". The Odessa Review. Retrieved 16 August 2016.
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- ^ "Detention extended for Russian performance artist Pyotr Pavlensky who set fire to bank in Paris". www.theartnewspaper.com. 13 February 2018. Retrieved 2021-05-28.
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- ^ "Banque de France incendiée: il va en prison". Le Matin (in French). 2019-01-11. Retrieved 2019-01-29.
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- ^ a b "Russian artist who released Griveaux sex video is launching 'political porn platform'". RFI. 2020-02-15. Retrieved 2021-05-28.
- ^ "Pyotr Pavlensky Uncensored The Artlyst Interview - Paul Carter Robinson". Artlyst. Retrieved 2023-05-31.
- ^ Saskya Vandoorne and Frank Andrews (21 February 2020). "Russian artist defends leak of explicit video that brought down Macron ally as 'political porn'". CNN. Retrieved 2021-05-28.
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- ^ Rose, Sudip Kar-Gupta, Michel (2020-02-14). "Macron's candidate for Paris mayor quits over sexting row". Reuters. Retrieved 2021-05-28.
{{cite news}}
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- ^ "MILKY WAY | MSUV". Retrieved 2023-05-28.
- ^ Srbija, Euronews (2022-11-15). "Intermedijska izložba "Mlečni put – umetnost, vreme, prostor" na više lokacija u Novom Sadu". Euronews.rs (in Serbian). Retrieved 2023-05-28.
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{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Bafoil, Pierre (16 February 2020). "Au Nouvel An de Juan Branco, le début des ennuis pour les protagonistes de l'affaire Griveaux" (in French). Le Journal Du Dimanche.
- ^ "'It hurt to breathe' Oksana Shalygina reveals years of domestic violence during relationship with Russian artist Petr Pavlensky". 5 November 2020.
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- ^ "2016 Laureates". Human Rights Foundation. 2016. Archived from the original on 2017-02-02. Retrieved 2016-10-14.
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- ^ November 6, 2020. ‘Crucified Jesus’ Detained Outside Moscow FSB Headquarters. Moscow Times
External links
[edit]- Political Propaganda, online magazine, in Russian.
- Video of the action Carcass TV Channel Rain, 5 March 2013, in Russian.
- One hour broadcast They with Petr Pavlensky TV Channel, Echo of Moscow, in Russian.
- D. Zykov. Video of action Nail. Artist Petr Pavlensky nailed his testicles to the cobblestone of Red Square, Grani.ru, 11 October 2013.
- Severed earlobe is merely latest scandalous art stunt by Pyotr Pavlensky, Russia Beyond the Headlines
- Jan Machonin Too Creative Dissident online magazine A2 16/ 2016