Nalut: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox settlement |
{{Infobox settlement |
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<!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage--> |
<!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage--> |
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<!-- Basic info ----------------> |
<!-- Basic info ---------------->| official_name = Nalut |
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| other_name = Nalút |
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| native_name = {{lang|ar|نالوت}}<!-- for cities whose native name is not in English --> |
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|other_name = Lalút |
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| nickname = |
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| settlement_type = <!--For Town or Village (Leave blank for the default City)--> |
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|nickname = |
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| motto = <!-- images and maps -----------> |
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| image_skyline = Nalut ruins.jpg |
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| imagesize = |
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<!-- images and maps -----------> |
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| image_caption = |
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| image_flag = |
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| flag_size = |
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| image_seal = |
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| seal_size = |
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| image_shield = |
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| shield_size = |
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| image_blank_emblem = |
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| blank_emblem_type = |
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| blank_emblem_size = |
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|image_blank_emblem = |
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| image_map = |
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| mapsize = |
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| image_map1 = |
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| mapsize1 = |
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| map_caption1 = |
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| image_dot_map = |
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| pushpin_map = Libya<!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map --> |
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|map_caption1 = |
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| pushpin_label_position = bottom |
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| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Libya |
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|pushpin_map = Libya<!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map --> |
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<!-- Location ------------------>| subdivision_type = Country |
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|pushpin_label_position =bottom |
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| subdivision_name = {{LBY}} |
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|pushpin_map_caption =Location in Libya |
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| subdivision_type1 = Region |
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<!-- Location ------------------> |
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| subdivision_name1 = [[Tripolitania]] |
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|coordinates_display = inline,title |
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| subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of Libya|District]] |
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|coordinates_region = LY |
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| subdivision_name2 = [[Nalut District|Nalut]] |
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|subdivision_type = Country |
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| subdivision_type3 = |
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|subdivision_name = {{flag|Libya}} |
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| subdivision_name3 = |
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| subdivision_type4 = |
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|subdivision_name1 = [[Tripolitania]] |
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| subdivision_name4 = <!-- Politics -----------------> |
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|subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of Libya|District]] |
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| government_footnotes = |
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|subdivision_name2 = [[Nalut District|Nalut]] |
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| government_type = |
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| leader_title = |
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| leader_name = |
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| leader_title1 = <!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager --> |
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|subdivision_name4 = |
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| leader_name1 = |
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<!-- Politics -----------------> |
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| leader_title2 = |
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|government_footnotes = |
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| leader_name2 = |
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| leader_title3 = |
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| leader_name3 = |
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| leader_title4 = |
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| leader_name4 = |
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| established_title = <!-- Settled --> |
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| established_date = |
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| established_title2 = <!-- Incorporated (town) --> |
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|leader_title3 = |
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| established_date2 = |
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| established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> |
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|leader_title4 = |
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| established_date3 = <!-- Area ---------------------> |
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|leader_name4 = |
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| area_magnitude = |
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|established_title = <!-- Settled --> |
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| unit_pref = <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired--> |
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|established_date = |
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| area_footnotes = |
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|established_title2 = <!-- Incorporated (town) --> |
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| area_total_km2 = <!-- ALL fields dealing with a measurements are subject to automatic unit conversion--> |
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|established_date2 = |
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| area_land_km2 = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on automatic unit conversion--> |
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|established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> |
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| area_water_km2 = |
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| area_total_sq_mi = |
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<!-- Area ---------------------> |
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| area_land_sq_mi = |
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| area_water_sq_mi = |
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| area_water_percent = |
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| area_urban_km2 = |
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|area_total_km2 = <!-- ALL fields dealing with a measurements are subject to automatic unit conversion--> |
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| area_urban_sq_mi = |
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|area_land_km2 = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on automatic unit conversion--> |
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| area_metro_km2 = |
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| area_metro_sq_mi = |
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| area_blank1_title = |
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| area_blank1_km2 = |
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| area_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- Population -----------------------> |
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|area_water_percent = |
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| population_as_of = 2012 |
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| population_footnotes = <ref name="WG">{{Cite web|url=http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=1134803708&men=gpro&lng=en&des=gamelan&geo=-133&srt=epnn&col=abcdefghimoq&msz=1500&pt=c&va=&geo=438751098|title=Nālūt|publisher=World Gazetteer|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121208211153/http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=1134803708&men=gpro&lng=en&des=gamelan&geo=-133&srt=epnn&col=abcdefghimoq&msz=1500&pt=c&va=&geo=438751098|archive-date=2012-12-08|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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|area_urban_sq_mi = |
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| population_note = calculated |
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| population_total = 26788 |
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| population_density_km2 = |
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| population_density_sq_mi = |
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| population_metro = |
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| population_density_metro_km2 = |
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<!-- Population -----------------------> |
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| population_density_metro_sq_mi = |
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|population_as_of = 2012 |
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| population_urban = |
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|population_footnotes =<ref name="WG">{{Cite web | url = http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=1134803708&men=gpro&lng=en&des=gamelan&geo=-133&srt=epnn&col=abcdefghimoq&msz=1500&pt=c&va=&geo=438751098 |title = Nālūt |publisher = World Gazetteer|archiveurl=http://archive.is/r2yR|archivedate=8 Dec 2012|deadurl=yes}}</ref> |
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| population_density_urban_km2 = |
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|population_note = calculated |
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| population_density_urban_sq_mi = |
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|population_total = 26788 |
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| population_blank1_title = |
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| population_blank1 = |
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| population_blank2_title = |
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| population_blank2 = |
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|population_density_metro_km2 = |
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| population_density_blank1_km2 = |
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|population_density_metro_sq_mi = |
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| population_density_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- General information ---------------> |
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|population_urban = |
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| timezone = [[Eastern European Time|EET]] |
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|population_density_urban_km2 = |
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| utc_offset = +2 |
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|population_density_urban_sq_mi = |
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| timezone_DST = |
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| utc_offset_DST = |
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| coordinates = {{coord|31|52|06|N|10|58|57|E|region:LY|display=inline,title}} |
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|population_blank2_title = |
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| elevation_footnotes = <ref>{{Cite web | url = http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=Nalut |title = Nalut, Libya | publisher = Wolfram Alpha LLC}}</ref> |
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|population_blank2 = |
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| elevation_m = 789 |
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|population_density_blank1_km2 = |
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| elevation_ft = <!-- Area/postal codes & others --------> |
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|population_density_blank1_sq_mi = |
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| postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --> |
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<!-- General information ---------------> |
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| postal_code = |
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| area_code = |
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| blank_name = |
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| blank_info = |
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| blank1_name = |
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|latd=31 |latm=52|lats= 06|latNS=N |
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| blank1_info = |
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|longd=10|longm=58|longs=57 |longEW=E |
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| website = |
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|elevation_footnotes = <ref>{{Cite web | url = http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=Nalut |title = Nalut, Libya | publisher = Wolfram Alpha LLC}}</ref> |
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| footnotes = |
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| name = |
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| registration_plate_type = [[Vehicle registration plates of Libya|License Plate Code]] |
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<!-- Area/postal codes & others --------> |
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| registration_plate = 19 |
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|postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --> |
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|postal_code = |
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|area_code = |
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|blank_name = |
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|blank_info = |
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|blank1_name = |
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|blank1_info = |
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|website = |
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|footnotes = |
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}} |
}} |
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'''Nalut''' ( |
'''Nalut''' ({{langx|ar|نالوت}}) is the capital of the [[Nalut District]]<ref name="GPCO-shabiya">{{Cite web|title=اللجنة الشعبية العامة|trans-title=Sha'biyat of Great Jamahiriya |language= ar|url=http://gpco.gov.ly/online/shabyat.php|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090207003234/http://gpco.gov.ly/online/shabyat.php|archive-date=7 February 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref> in northwestern [[Libya]]. Nalut lies approximately halfway between [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripoli]] and [[Ghadames]], at the western end of the [[Nafusa Mountains]] coastal range, in the [[Tripolitania]] region. |
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The town is a long-time [[Berber people|Berber]] community. |
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==History== |
==History== |
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===Name=== |
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The name Nalut and its alternate Lalut may derive from the pagan Berber goddess of springs, Tala. As Nalut is only 60 km from the [[Libya–Tunisia border|Tunisian border]] and lies close to some [[oasis|oases]], it played an important part in the caravan trade.<ref name = temehu>{{cite web | url = https://www.temehu.com/Cities_sites/Nalut.htm | title = Nalut | access-date = 2016-11-24 | publisher = Temehu.com}}</ref> |
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===Architecture=== |
===Architecture=== |
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Nalut is home to the [[ |
Nalut is home to the [[Qasr Nalut]], which is a granary fortified by a [[ksar|ksour]] (castle). The facility has been abandoned but is a tourist destination. The fortress was a communal building where the local families could store their grain in times of conflict.<ref name = mee>{{cite web | url = http://www.middleeasteye.net/in-depth/features/dinosaurs-and-ancient-beliefs-life-libya-s-highlands-1605705151 | title = Dinosaurs and ancient beliefs: Life in Libya's highlands | access-date = 2016-11-24 | publisher = Middle East Eye}}</ref> |
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The Alal'a [[Mosque]] – which is Nalut's oldest mosque – was rebuilt in 1312 CE. |
The Alal'a [[Mosque]] – which is Nalut's oldest mosque – was rebuilt in 1312 CE.<ref name = mygola>{{cite web | url = http://www.mygola.com/nalut-d1092805/mosque | title = Nalut City in Libya| access-date = 2016-11-24 | publisher = Mygola}}</ref> |
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===Libyan civil war=== |
===Libyan civil war=== |
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A monument to [[Muammar Gaddafi]]'s [[The Green Book (Libya)|''Green Book'']] in the town square was demolished during the [[2011 Libyan Civil War|Libyan Civil War]]. |
A monument to [[Muammar Gaddafi]]'s [[The Green Book (Libya)|''Green Book'']] in the town square was demolished during the [[2011 Libyan Civil War|Libyan Civil War]].<ref name = mee/> |
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In late April 2011, "Radio Free Nalut" began broadcasting in the city.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Middle-East/2011/0428/Freedom-now-rings-from-one-mountaintop-radio-station-in-western-Libya|title=Freedom now rings from one mountaintop radio station in western Libya|first=Scott|last=Peterson|work=The Christian Science Monitor|date=28 April 2011| |
In late April 2011, "Radio Free Nalut" began broadcasting in the city. It was one of several [[Voice of Free Libya|rebel-controlled radio stations]] established during the civil war and conducted broadcasts in [[Berber languages|Berber]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Middle-East/2011/0428/Freedom-now-rings-from-one-mountaintop-radio-station-in-western-Libya|title=Freedom now rings from one mountaintop radio station in western Libya|first=Scott|last=Peterson|work=The Christian Science Monitor|date=28 April 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110502055214/http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Middle-East/2011/0428/Freedom-now-rings-from-one-mountaintop-radio-station-in-western-Libya|archive-date=2 May 2011|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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A national reconciliation conference for the factions in the Libyan Civil War was held in Nalut in September 2016.<ref name = LH>{{cite web | url = https://www.libyaherald.com/2016/09/15/national-reconciliation-conference-to-take-place-in-nalut/ | title = National reconciliation conference to be held in Nalut | access-date = 2016-11-24 | publisher = Libya Herald}}</ref> |
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===Museum=== |
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Nalut contains the [[Nalut Dinosaur Museum]], which exhibits fossil trees, [[crocodile]]s and [[dinosaur]]s which have been discovered in the vicinity of the town since the first find in 1998.<ref name = mee/> |
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==Climate== |
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Nalut has a [[cold desert climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]]: ''BWk'') with hot, dry summers and cold winters with occasional rain. |
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{{Weather box |
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|metric first=yes |
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|single line=yes |
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|collapsed = yes |
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|location=Nalut (1991–2020) |
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|Jan record high C = 24.5 |
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|Feb record high C = 32.7 |
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|Mar record high C = 35.2 |
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|Apr record high C = 39.0 |
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|May record high C = 42.1 |
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|Jun record high C = 44.0 |
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|Jul record high C = 45.0 |
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|Aug record high C = 44.0 |
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|Sep record high C = 41.5 |
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|Oct record high C = 39.0 |
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|Nov record high C = 33.6 |
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|Dec record high C = 27.8 |
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|year record high C = 45.0 |
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|Jan high C = 14.4 |
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|Feb high C = 15.9 |
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|Mar high C = 20.1 |
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|Apr high C = 24.8 |
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|May high C = 29.3 |
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|Jun high C = 33.1 |
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|Jul high C = 35.0 |
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|Aug high C = 35.0 |
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|Sep high C = 32.0 |
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|Oct high C = 27.1 |
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|Nov high C = 20.5 |
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|Dec high C = 15.4 |
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|year high C = 25.2 |
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|Jan mean C = 6.4 |
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|Feb mean C = 8.5 |
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|Mar mean C = 11.1 |
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|Apr mean C = 16.7 |
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|May mean C = 22.0 |
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|Jun mean C = 25.7 |
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|Jul mean C = 27.5 |
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|Aug mean C = 28.0 |
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|Sep mean C = 25.5 |
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|Oct mean C = 20.0 |
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|Nov mean C = 13.2 |
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|Dec mean C = 9.5 |
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|year mean C = |
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|Jan low C = -2.4 |
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|Feb low C = -1.0 |
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|Mar low C = 1.1 |
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|Apr low C = 8.6 |
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|May low C = 15.7 |
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|Jun low C = 19.3 |
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|Jul low C = 21.4 |
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|Aug low C = 22.0 |
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|Sep low C = 19.0 |
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|Oct low C = 15.3 |
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|Nov low C = 6.4 |
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|Dec low C = 2.3 |
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|year low C = 14.8 |
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|Jan record low C = -13.0 |
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|Feb record low C = -11.8 |
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|Mar record low C = -6.5 |
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|Apr record low C = -8.4 |
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|May record low C = 0.6 |
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|Jun record low C = 4.0 |
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|Jul record low C = 10.0 |
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|Aug record low C = 12.2 |
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|Sep record low C = 5.6 |
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|Oct record low C = -3.8 |
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|Nov record low C = -4.9 |
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|Dec record low C = -8.5 |
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|year record low C = -2.0 |
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|precipitation colour = green |
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|Jan precipitation mm = 13.4 |
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|Feb precipitation mm = 23.0 |
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|Mar precipitation mm = 18.7 |
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|Apr precipitation mm = 9.8 |
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|May precipitation mm = 7.2 |
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|Jun precipitation mm = 2.0 |
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|Jul precipitation mm = 0.0 |
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|Aug precipitation mm = 0.3 |
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|Sep precipitation mm = 5.0 |
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|Oct precipitation mm = 20.2 |
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|Nov precipitation mm = 9.7 |
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|Dec precipitation mm = 19.3 |
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|year precipitation mm = 128.6 |
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|unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm |
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|Jan precipitation days = 2.1 |
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|Feb precipitation days = 2.4 |
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|Mar precipitation days = 2.1 |
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|Apr precipitation days = 1.2 |
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|May precipitation days = 1.0 |
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|Jun precipitation days = 0.4 |
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|Jul precipitation days = 0.0 |
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|Aug precipitation days = 0.2 |
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|Sep precipitation days = 1.1 |
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|Oct precipitation days = 1.8 |
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|Nov precipitation days = 1.6 |
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|Dec precipitation days = 2.3 |
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|year precipitation days = 16.2 |
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|Jan humidity = 59.1 |
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|Feb humidity = 55.7 |
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|Mar humidity = 51.7 |
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|Apr humidity = 47.4 |
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|May humidity = 45.1 |
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|Jun humidity = 43.2 |
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|Jul humidity = 42.0 |
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|Aug humidity = 45.2 |
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|Sep humidity = 51.1 |
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|Oct humidity = 54.9 |
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|Nov humidity = 56.9 |
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|Dec humidity = 60.1 |
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|year humidity = 51.0 |
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| Jan dew point C = 2.1 |
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| Feb dew point C = 2.1 |
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| Mar dew point C = 3.9 |
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| Apr dew point C = 5.7 |
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| May dew point C = 8.6 |
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| Jun dew point C = 11.1 |
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| Jul dew point C = 12.8 |
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| Aug dew point C = 14.2 |
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| Sep dew point C = 13.9 |
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| Oct dew point C = 11.5 |
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| Nov dew point C = 7.1 |
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| Dec dew point C = 3.5 |
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| year dew point C = 8.0 |
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| source 1 = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]]<ref name=WMOCLINO>{{cite web |
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| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230913160331/https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-1-WMO-Normals-9120/Libya/CSV/NALUT_62002.csv |
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| archive-date = 13 September 2023 |
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| url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-1-WMO-Normals-9120/Libya/CSV/NALUT_62002.csv |
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| title = Nalut Climate Normals 1991–2020 |
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| work = World Meteorological Organization Climatological Standard Normals (1991–2020) |
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| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |
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| access-date = 13 September 2023}}</ref> |
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}} |
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== See also == |
== See also == |
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| Line 152: | Line 287: | ||
[[Category:Populated places in Nalut District]] |
[[Category:Populated places in Nalut District]] |
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[[Category:Tripolitania]] |
[[Category:Tripolitania]] |
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[[Category:Baladiyat of Libya]] |
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[[Category:Berber populated places]] |
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Latest revision as of 08:32, 29 October 2024
Nalut
نالوت Nalút | |
|---|---|
 | |
  Nalut Location in Libya | |
| Coordinates: 31°52′06″N 10°58′57″E / 31.86833°N 10.98250°E | |
| Country |  Libya |
| Region | Tripolitania |
| District | Nalut |
| Elevation | 789 m (2,589 ft) |
| Population (2012)[2] | |
• Total | 26,788 |
| calculated | |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| License Plate Code | 19 |
Nalut (Arabic: نالوت) is the capital of the Nalut District[3] in northwestern Libya. Nalut lies approximately halfway between Tripoli and Ghadames, at the western end of the Nafusa Mountains coastal range, in the Tripolitania region.
History
[edit]Name
[edit]The name Nalut and its alternate Lalut may derive from the pagan Berber goddess of springs, Tala. As Nalut is only 60 km from the Tunisian border and lies close to some oases, it played an important part in the caravan trade.[4]
Architecture
[edit]Nalut is home to the Qasr Nalut, which is a granary fortified by a ksour (castle). The facility has been abandoned but is a tourist destination. The fortress was a communal building where the local families could store their grain in times of conflict.[5]
The Alal'a Mosque – which is Nalut's oldest mosque – was rebuilt in 1312 CE.[6]
Libyan civil war
[edit]A monument to Muammar Gaddafi's Green Book in the town square was demolished during the Libyan Civil War.[5]
In late April 2011, "Radio Free Nalut" began broadcasting in the city. It was one of several rebel-controlled radio stations established during the civil war and conducted broadcasts in Berber.[7]
A national reconciliation conference for the factions in the Libyan Civil War was held in Nalut in September 2016.[8]
Museum
[edit]Nalut contains the Nalut Dinosaur Museum, which exhibits fossil trees, crocodiles and dinosaurs which have been discovered in the vicinity of the town since the first find in 1998.[5]
Climate
[edit]Nalut has a cold desert climate (Köppen: BWk) with hot, dry summers and cold winters with occasional rain.
| Climate data for Nalut (1991–2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 24.5 (76.1) |
32.7 (90.9) |
35.2 (95.4) |
39.0 (102.2) |
42.1 (107.8) |
44.0 (111.2) |
45.0 (113.0) |
44.0 (111.2) |
41.5 (106.7) |
39.0 (102.2) |
33.6 (92.5) |
27.8 (82.0) |
45.0 (113.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 14.4 (57.9) |
15.9 (60.6) |
20.1 (68.2) |
24.8 (76.6) |
29.3 (84.7) |
33.1 (91.6) |
35.0 (95.0) |
35.0 (95.0) |
32.0 (89.6) |
27.1 (80.8) |
20.5 (68.9) |
15.4 (59.7) |
25.2 (77.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 6.4 (43.5) |
8.5 (47.3) |
11.1 (52.0) |
16.7 (62.1) |
22.0 (71.6) |
25.7 (78.3) |
27.5 (81.5) |
28.0 (82.4) |
25.5 (77.9) |
20.0 (68.0) |
13.2 (55.8) |
9.5 (49.1) |
17.8 (64.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −2.4 (27.7) |
−1.0 (30.2) |
1.1 (34.0) |
8.6 (47.5) |
15.7 (60.3) |
19.3 (66.7) |
21.4 (70.5) |
22.0 (71.6) |
19.0 (66.2) |
15.3 (59.5) |
6.4 (43.5) |
2.3 (36.1) |
14.8 (58.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −13.0 (8.6) |
−11.8 (10.8) |
−6.5 (20.3) |
−8.4 (16.9) |
0.6 (33.1) |
4.0 (39.2) |
10.0 (50.0) |
12.2 (54.0) |
5.6 (42.1) |
−3.8 (25.2) |
−4.9 (23.2) |
−8.5 (16.7) |
−2.0 (28.4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 13.4 (0.53) |
23.0 (0.91) |
18.7 (0.74) |
9.8 (0.39) |
7.2 (0.28) |
2.0 (0.08) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.3 (0.01) |
5.0 (0.20) |
20.2 (0.80) |
9.7 (0.38) |
19.3 (0.76) |
128.6 (5.06) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 2.1 | 2.4 | 2.1 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 1.1 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 2.3 | 16.2 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 59.1 | 55.7 | 51.7 | 47.4 | 45.1 | 43.2 | 42.0 | 45.2 | 51.1 | 54.9 | 56.9 | 60.1 | 51.0 |
| Average dew point °C (°F) | 2.1 (35.8) |
2.1 (35.8) |
3.9 (39.0) |
5.7 (42.3) |
8.6 (47.5) |
11.1 (52.0) |
12.8 (55.0) |
14.2 (57.6) |
13.9 (57.0) |
11.5 (52.7) |
7.1 (44.8) |
3.5 (38.3) |
8.0 (46.4) |
| Source: NOAA[9] | |||||||||||||
See also
[edit]Notes and references
[edit]- ^ "Nalut, Libya". Wolfram Alpha LLC.
- ^ "Nālūt". World Gazetteer. Archived from the original on 2012-12-08.
- ^ "اللجنة الشعبية العامة" [Sha'biyat of Great Jamahiriya] (in Arabic). Archived from the original on 7 February 2009.
- ^ "Nalut". Temehu.com. Retrieved 2016-11-24.
- ^ a b c "Dinosaurs and ancient beliefs: Life in Libya's highlands". Middle East Eye. Retrieved 2016-11-24.
- ^ "Nalut City in Libya". Mygola. Retrieved 2016-11-24.
- ^ Peterson, Scott (28 April 2011). "Freedom now rings from one mountaintop radio station in western Libya". The Christian Science Monitor. Archived from the original on 2 May 2011.
- ^ "National reconciliation conference to be held in Nalut". Libya Herald. Retrieved 2016-11-24.
- ^ "Nalut Climate Normals 1991–2020". World Meteorological Organization Climatological Standard Normals (1991–2020). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 13 September 2023. Retrieved 13 September 2023.
External links
[edit]
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