Jump to content

Kalmunai massacre: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Undid revision 733567217 by Charles Essie (talk)
 
(39 intermediate revisions by 25 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Short description|1990 series of mass killings in Sri Lanka}}
{{more footnotes|date=September 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Infobox civilian attack
{{Infobox civilian attack
| title = Kalmunai massacre
| title = Kalmunai massacre
Line 7: Line 8:
| location = [[Eastern Province, Sri Lanka|Eastern Province]], [[Sri Lanka]]
| location = [[Eastern Province, Sri Lanka|Eastern Province]], [[Sri Lanka]]
| coordinates=
| coordinates=
| target = Unarmed [[Sri Lanka Police Service|Sri Lanka Police]] officers and civilians
| target = [[Sri Lankan Tamil]] Civilians
| date = 20 June 1990
| date = 20 June 1990
| time =
| time =
Line 14: Line 15:
| fatalities = 160-250
| fatalities = 160-250
| injuries =
| injuries =
| perps = [[Sri Lanka Army]]
| perps = [[Sri Lanka Army]]
[[ Muslim Home Guard]]
| susperps =
| susperps =
| weapons =
| weapons =
}}
}}
The '''Kalmunai massacre''' refers to a series of mass killings that occurred in June 1990 in [[Kalmunai]], a [[municipality]] within the [[Ampara District]] of [[Sri Lanka]]'s [[Eastern Province, Sri Lanka|Eastern Province]]. The massacre of civilians was allegedly carried out by the [[Sri Lankan Army]] in retaliation for [[1990 massacre of Sri Lankan Police officers|an earlier massacre of Sri Lankan police officers]]. The [[University Teachers for Human Rights]], a human rights organization, put the number of dead in the second massacre at 250, while a local [[Member of Parliament]] claimed that at least 160 people were killed.<ref name=AT>{{cite web |url=http://www.atimes.com/ind-pak/DF22Df04.html |title=SRI LANKA: THE UNTOLD STORY |accessdate=26 October 2007 |year=2001 |work=Asia Times |publisher=Asia Times}}</ref><ref name=UTHR1>{{cite web |url=http://www.uthr.org/Reports/Report7/chapter2.htm#i|title=CHAPTER 2 |accessdate=26 October 2007 |year=2001 |work=[[UTHR]]|publisher=UTHR}}</ref><ref name=UTHR3>{{cite web |url=http://www.uthr.org/Reports/Report5/chapter9.htm|title=THE EAST : LOOKING BACK |accessdate=26 October 2007 |year=2001 |work=[[UTHR]]|publisher=UTHR}}</ref><ref name=UTHR2>{{cite web |url=http://www.uthr.org/Briefings/Briefing1.htm|title=Human rights and The Issues of War and Peace |accessdate=26 October 2007 |year=2001 |work=[[UTHR]]|publisher=UTHR}}</ref><ref name="amnestyusa.org">[http://www.amnestyusa.org/document.php?lang=e&id=5E7F89A231872062802569A600601598 Sri Lanka: The Northeast: Human rights violations in a context of armed conflict<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
The '''Kalmunai massacre''' refers to a series of mass killings that occurred in June 1990 in [[Kalmunai]], a [[municipality]] within the [[Ampara District]] of [[Sri Lanka]]'s [[Eastern Province, Sri Lanka|Eastern Province]]. The massacre of Tamil civilians was allegedly carried out by the [[Sri Lankan Army]] in retaliation for [[1990 massacre of Sri Lankan Police officers|an earlier massacre of Sri Lankan police officers]]. The [[University Teachers for Human Rights]], a human rights organization, put the number of dead in the second massacre at 250, while a local [[Member of Parliament]] claimed that at least 160 people were killed.<ref name=AT>{{cite web |url=http://www.atimes.com/ind-pak/DF22Df04.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020722000018/http://atimes.com/ind-pak/DF22Df04.html |url-status=unfit |archive-date=22 July 2002 |title=SRI LANKA: THE UNTOLD STORY |access-date=26 October 2007 |year=2001 |work=Asia Times |publisher=Asia Times}}</ref><ref name=UTHR1>{{cite web |url=http://www.uthr.org/Reports/Report7/chapter2.htm#i|title=CHAPTER 2 |access-date=26 October 2007 |year=2001 |work=[[UTHR]]|publisher=UTHR}}</ref><ref name=UTHR3>{{cite web |url=http://www.uthr.org/Reports/Report5/chapter9.htm|title=THE EAST : LOOKING BACK |access-date=26 October 2007 |year=2001 |work=[[UTHR]]|publisher=UTHR}}</ref><ref name=UTHR2>{{cite web |url=http://www.uthr.org/Briefings/Briefing1.htm|title=Human rights and The Issues of War and Peace |access-date=26 October 2007 |year=2001 |work=[[UTHR]]|publisher=UTHR}}</ref><ref name="amnestyusa.org">[http://www.amnestyusa.org/document.php?lang=e&id=5E7F89A231872062802569A600601598 Sri Lanka: The Northeast: Human rights violations in a context of armed conflict<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090214094900/http://www.amnestyusa.org/document.php?lang=e&id=5E7F89A231872062802569A600601598 |date=2009-02-14 }}</ref>


==Civilian massacre==
==Civilian massacre==
After the LTTE massacred the police officers on 11 June 1990, the town of Kalmunai was allegedly subjected to intense shelling by the Army. As a result, the LTTE had to withdraw from the town. Subsequently, the massacre began on 20 June 1990.<ref name=UTHR1/> One account claimed that [[Sri Lankan Army]] personnel took position at Kalmunai Rest House junction where Tamil civilians were allegedly kidnapped. The abducted were then allegedly burned behind the shops of Muslim businessmen. While the death toll is disputed, a member of [[Parliament of Sri Lanka|Sri Lanka's parliament]] alleged that more than 160 people were killed.<ref name=AT/> However, the UTHR said that the number of people who died or disappeared was in excess 1,000 and alleged that over 250 were killed.<ref name=UTHR1/><ref name=UTHR3/> It further alleged that this massacre was the "largest bout of slaughter a single town in the island had witnessed in such a short time".
After the [[Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam|LTTE]] massacred the police officers on 11 June 1990, the town of Kalmunai was allegedly subjected to intense shelling by the Army. As a result, the LTTE withdrew from the town. Subsequently, once the Army had occupied the town, the massacre of civilians began on 20 June 1990.<ref name=UTHR1/> One account claimed that [[Sri Lankan Army]] personnel took position at Kalmunai Rest House junction where Tamil civilians were allegedly kidnapped. The abducted were then allegedly burned behind the shops of Muslim businessmen. While the exact death toll is disputed, a member of [[Parliament of Sri Lanka|Sri Lanka's parliament]] alleged that more than 160 people were killed.<ref name=AT/> However, the UTHR said that the number of people who died or disappeared was in excess 1,000 and alleged that over 250 were killed.<ref name=UTHR1/><ref name=UTHR3/> It further alleged that this massacre was the "largest bout of slaughter a single town in the island had witnessed in such a short time".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://uthr.org/Briefings/Briefing1.htm|title = Welcome to UTHR, Sri Lanka: Briefing No. 1}}</ref>


== Later attacks ==
== Later attacks ==
On 27 June 1990, 75 people were allegedly rounded by the [[Sri Lankan Army]] and later burned and a further 27 headless bodies washed ashore Kalmunai beach. In all, the UTHR allege that 7,000 people were killed in June.<ref name=UTHR3/>
On 27 June 1990, 75 people were allegedly rounded by the [[Sri Lankan Army]] and later burned and a further 27 headless bodies washed ashore Kalmunai beach. In all, the UTHR allege that 7,000 people were killed in June.<ref name=UTHR3/>

==See also==
* [[List of attacks on civilians attributed to Sri Lankan government forces]]
* [[Veeramunai massacres]]


==References==
==References==
Line 30: Line 36:


==Further reading==
==Further reading==
* [[Rohan Gunaratna|Gunaratna, Rohan]]. (1998). ''Sri Lanka's Ethnic Crisis and National Security'', [[Colombo]]: South Asian Network on Conflict Research. ISBN 955-8093-00-9
* [[Rohan Gunaratna|Gunaratna, Rohan]]. (1998). ''Sri Lanka's Ethnic Crisis and National Security'', [[Colombo]]: South Asian Network on Conflict Research. {{ISBN|955-8093-00-9}}
* [[Rohan Gunaratna|Gunaratna, Rohan]]. (October 1, 1987). ''War and Peace in Sri Lanka: With a Post-Accord Report From Jaffna'', [[Sri Lanka]]: Institute of Fundamental Studies. ISBN 955-8093-00-9
* [[Rohan Gunaratna|Gunaratna, Rohan]]. (October 1, 1987). ''War and Peace in Sri Lanka: With a Post-Accord Report From Jaffna'', [[Sri Lanka]]: Institute of Fundamental Studies. {{ISBN|955-8093-00-9}}
* Gunasekara, S.L. (November 4, 2003). ''The Wages of Sin'', ISBN 955-8552-01-1
* Gunasekara, S.L. (November 4, 2003). ''The Wages of Sin'', {{ISBN|955-8552-01-1}}


{{Sri Lankan Civil War}}
{{Sri Lankan Civil War}}
Line 39: Line 45:
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kalmunai massacre}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kalmunai massacre}}


⚫
[[Category:1990 crimes in Sri Lanka]]
[[Category:Attacks on civilians attributed to the Sri Lanka Army]]
[[Category:Attacks on civilians attributed to the Sri Lanka Army]]
[[Category:Civilian massacres in Sri Lanka]]
[[Category:1990s massacres of the Sri Lankan civil war]]
[[Category:Mass murder in 1990]]
[[Category:Massacres in 1990]]
[[Category:Mass murder of Sri Lankan Tamils]]
[[Category:Mass murder of Sri Lankan Tamils]]
[[Category:Prisoners of war massacres]]
[[Category:Sri Lankan government forces attacks in Eelam War II]]
[[Category:Sri Lankan government forces attacks in Eelam War II]]
[[Category:Terrorist incidents in 1990]]
[[Category:Terrorist incidents in Sri Lanka in 1990]]
[[Category:June 1990 events in Asia]]
⚫
[[Category:1990 murders in Sri Lanka]]

Latest revision as of 21:21, 25 October 2024

Kalmunai massacre
LocationEastern Province, Sri Lanka
Date20 June 1990
TargetSri Lankan Tamil Civilians
Deaths160-250
PerpetratorsSri Lanka Army Muslim Home Guard

The Kalmunai massacre refers to a series of mass killings that occurred in June 1990 in Kalmunai, a municipality within the Ampara District of Sri Lanka's Eastern Province. The massacre of Tamil civilians was allegedly carried out by the Sri Lankan Army in retaliation for an earlier massacre of Sri Lankan police officers. The University Teachers for Human Rights, a human rights organization, put the number of dead in the second massacre at 250, while a local Member of Parliament claimed that at least 160 people were killed.[1][2][3][4][5]

Civilian massacre

[edit]

After the LTTE massacred the police officers on 11 June 1990, the town of Kalmunai was allegedly subjected to intense shelling by the Army. As a result, the LTTE withdrew from the town. Subsequently, once the Army had occupied the town, the massacre of civilians began on 20 June 1990.[2] One account claimed that Sri Lankan Army personnel took position at Kalmunai Rest House junction where Tamil civilians were allegedly kidnapped. The abducted were then allegedly burned behind the shops of Muslim businessmen. While the exact death toll is disputed, a member of Sri Lanka's parliament alleged that more than 160 people were killed.[1] However, the UTHR said that the number of people who died or disappeared was in excess 1,000 and alleged that over 250 were killed.[2][3] It further alleged that this massacre was the "largest bout of slaughter a single town in the island had witnessed in such a short time".[6]

Later attacks

[edit]

On 27 June 1990, 75 people were allegedly rounded by the Sri Lankan Army and later burned and a further 27 headless bodies washed ashore Kalmunai beach. In all, the UTHR allege that 7,000 people were killed in June.[3]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "SRI LANKA: THE UNTOLD STORY". Asia Times. Asia Times. 2001. Archived from the original on 22 July 2002. Retrieved 26 October 2007.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  2. ^ a b c "CHAPTER 2". UTHR. UTHR. 2001. Retrieved 26 October 2007.
  3. ^ a b c "THE EAST : LOOKING BACK". UTHR. UTHR. 2001. Retrieved 26 October 2007.
  4. ^ "Human rights and The Issues of War and Peace". UTHR. UTHR. 2001. Retrieved 26 October 2007.
  5. ^ Sri Lanka: The Northeast: Human rights violations in a context of armed conflict Archived 2009-02-14 at the Wayback Machine
  6. ^ "Welcome to UTHR, Sri Lanka: Briefing No. 1".

Further reading

[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Kalmunai_massacre&oldid=1253414947"