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{{short description|16th-century English politician}} |
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'''William Capel''' (died 1515) was [[Lord Mayor of London]] and an MP. |
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{{for|the cricketer and foxhunter|William Capel (sportsman)}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2017}} |
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{{Use British English|date=January 2017}} |
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[[File:CapellArms.svg|thumb|Arms of Capell: ''Gules, a lion rampant between three cross-crosslets fitchée or'']] |
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[[File:Hadham Hall - geograph.org.uk - 253405.jpg|thumb|[[Little Hadham#Hadham Hall|Hadham Hall]] in the parish of [[Little Hadham]], Hertfordshire, purchased by Sir William Capel]] |
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'''Sir William Capel''' (c. 1446-1515) of Capel Court<ref name="court">{{cite web |url=https://www.theundergroundmap.com/article.html?id=42780 |title=Capel Court, EC2R |publisher=The Underground Map |date=28 April 2017 |accessdate=4 November 2020}}</ref> in the parish of [[St Bartholomew-by-the-Exchange]] in the [[City of London]] and of [[Little Hadham#Hadham Hall|Hadham Hall]] in the parish of [[Little Hadham]], Hertfordshire, served as [[Lord Mayor of London]] and as a [[Member of Parliament]] for the [[City of London (UK Parliament constituency)|City of London]]. |
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==Origins== |
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He was the son of John Capell (1398–1449) of [[Stoke-by-Nayland]] in Suffolk, a member of the Suffolk [[gentry]],<ref>HOP: "born into an armigerous family"; family is not listed in the [[heraldic visitation]]s of Suffolk, not listed in index[https://archive.org/stream/visitationsofsuf00harvuoft#page/216/mode/2up]</ref> whose family had been seated at [[Capel St. Mary]]<ref name="gamaliel">{{cite web|url=https://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1604-1629/member/capell-sir-gamaliel-1561-1613|title=CAPELL, Sir Gamaliel (1561-1613), of Rookwood Hall, Abbess Roding, Essex |publisher=History of Parliament Online|website=Historyofparliamentonline.org|accessdate=1 March 2019}}</ref> in Suffolk since the 12th century.<ref name="william">{{cite web|url=http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1509-1558/member/capell-sir-william-1448-1515|title=CAPELL, Sir William (by 1448-1515), of London|publisher=History of Parliament Online|website=Historyofparliamentonline.org|accessdate=1 March 2019}}</ref> |
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==Career== |
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His mansion stood on the current site of the [[London Stock Exchange]] and No. 3 Capel Court, in the [[City of London|City]] is named for him. He added a south chapel to the church of [[St Bartholomew-by-the-Exchange#History|St Bartholomew-by-the-Exchange]]. |
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| ⚫ | William Capel was a member of the [[Worshipful Company of Drapers]], who served as [[Sheriff of the City of London]] for 1496, and was twice elected [[List of Lord Mayors of London|Lord Mayor of London]], in 1503 and 1510. He was elected as a [[Member of Parliament]] for the [[City of London (UK Parliament constituency)|City of London]] from 1511 to 1515.<ref name="william" /> |
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His London mansion stood in the vicinity of the present [[London Stock Exchange]] and of Capel Court (named after him, now a short sidestreet or walkway) in the City of London.<ref name="court" /><ref>[https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/CAPE1.htm Capel's House: Map of Early Modern London]</ref> He added a south chapel to his parish church of [[St Bartholomew-by-the-Exchange]] in the City. He purchased the estate of [[Little Hadham#Hadham Hall|Hadham Hall]] in the parish of [[Little Hadham]], Hertfordshire, which remained in the Capell family from many generations. A new house was later built there, whether on the site of the old hall or on a new site is uncertain, which became the seat of his Capell descendants from the 1570s onwards. |
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Capel loaned money on the security of jewellery. In April 1489, he lent money to a goldsmith Symond Garardson on the security of a group of diamond and ruby rings.<ref>[https://archive.org/details/hists52200685/page/334/mode/2up ''HMC Report on manuscripts in various collections'', 7 (London, 1914), p. 335]</ref> Capel lent £100 to [[Elizabeth of York]] in 1502.<ref>Nicholas Harris Nicholas, ''Privy Purse Expenses of Elizabeth of York'' (London: William Pickering, 1830), pp. 12, 183.</ref><ref>[https://www.tudorchamberbooks.org/edition/folio/E36_210_p_035.xml Tudor Chamber Books: May 1502, the Queen's book]</ref> As mayor of London, he had some dealings with two officers of [[Henry VII of England|Henry VII]], [[Richard Empson]] and [[Edmund Dudley]]. Capel was fined for a perceived lapse in regulating customs in 1495, and his penalty was mitigated by the intercession of the courtier and [[Lord Chamberlain]], [[Giles Daubeney, 1st Baron Daubeney]].<ref>S. J. Gunn, ''The Courtiers of Henry VII'', ''The English Historical Review'', 108:426 (January 1993), pp. 29–30.</ref> Capel was censured again in a legal court in 1504, he had to pay for pardons for himself and his son [[Giles Capel]].<ref>Nicholas Harris Nicholas, ''Privy Purse Expenses of Elizabeth of York'' (London: William Pickering, 1830), pp. 12, 183 citing [[British Library]] Harley MS 1877.</ref> In 1507, William Capel was imprisoned for not acting against the circulation of counterfeit money, by a jury said to have been influenced by Dudley and Empson.<ref>[[Julia Boffey]], ''Henry VII's London in the Great Chronicle'' (Teams, 2019), p. 126.</ref> |
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==See also== |
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* [[List of Sheriffs of the City of London]] |
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==Marriage and issue== |
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* [[List of Lord Mayors of London]] |
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[[File:Shield of Arms of the Lord Arundell of Wardour.svg|thumb|[[Canting arms]] of Arundell: ''Sable, six martlets argent'' (''hirondelle'' (French), martlet)]] |
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* [[City of London (elections to the Parliament of England)]] |
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He married [[Margaret Arundell]], a daughter of Sir [[John Arundell (1421–1473)|John Arundell]] (1421–1473) of [[Lanherne]] in Cornwall, by his second wife Katherine Chideocke, by whom he had issue including a son and two daughters: |
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*[[Giles Capel]] of [[Rayne, Essex|Rayne]] (abt 1485-1556), son and heir, an esquire to the body of [[Henry VII of England|Henry VII]].<ref>''Calendar Patent Rolls, Henry VII'', 2 (London, 1914), p. 414.</ref> Giles Capell married Isobel Newton, and secondly, Mary [[Richard Ros|Roos]], widow of [[Hugh Denys]], and a servant to both [[Elizabeth of York]] and [[Catherine of Aragon]].<ref>William Minet, "Capells at Rayne", ''Transactions of the Essex Archaeological Society'', 9:4 (Colchester, 1904), p. 246–247.</ref><ref>Barbara J. Harris, ''English Aristocratic Women, 1450–1550: Marriage and Family, Property and Careers'' (Oxford, 2002), p. 216.</ref><ref>[https://collections.britishart.yale.edu/catalog/orbis:3346707 Book inscribed by Mary, Dame Capel: YCBA]</ref> His descendants included: Sir [[Gamaliel Capell]] (1561-1613), MP, of Rookwood Hall, Abbess Roding, Essex, 4th son of [[Henry Capell (died 1558)|Henry Capell]] (d.1588), MP, by his wife Katherine Manners, a daughter of [[Thomas Manners, 1st Earl of Rutland]];<ref name="gamaliel" /> [[Arthur Capell, 1st Baron Capell of Hadham]] (1604–1649), only son of Sir Henry Capell of Rayne Hall in [[Essex]] by his wife Theodosia Montagu, a daughter of Sir [[Edward Montagu of Boughton|Edward Montagu]] of [[Boughton House]], Northamptonshire; [[Arthur Capell, 1st Earl of Essex]] (1631–1683), son of 1st Baron Capell, created [[Earl of Essex]] in 1661. |
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*Dorothy Capel, the wife of [[Baron Zouche|John La Zouche, 8th Lord Zouche]].<ref>Walter C. Metcalfe, [https://archive.org/details/visitationofwilt00harvrich/page/42/mode/2up ''Visitation of Wiltshire (London, 1897), 1565'', p. 43]</ref> |
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=== Will of Margaret Capel === |
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Margaret Capel made her will in 1516 and died in 1522.<ref>William Minet, [https://archive.org/details/transactionsess01socigoog/page/n311/mode/2up "Capells at Rayne", ''Transactions of the Essex Archaeological Society'', 9:4 (Colchester, 1904), p. 243]</ref><ref>Tim Thornton, "Sir William Capell and A Royal Chain: The Afterlives (and Death) of King Edward V", ''History: The Journal of the Historical Association'', 109:308 (2024), pp. 445–480. {{doi|10.1111/1468-229X.13430}}</ref> She made a number of bequests of rich fabrics to churches, some of which she had embroidered herself, especially for the family's chantry chapel at St Bartholomew-the-Less.<ref>Barbara J. Harris, [https://archive.org/details/oapen-20.500.12657-49981/page/59/mode/2up ''English Aristocratic Women and the Fabric of Piety'' (Amsterdam University Press, 2018), pp. 60, 67, 99]</ref><ref>[[Nicholas Orme]], ''Cornish Wills, 1342–1540'' (Devon and Cornwall Record Society, 2007), p. 67.</ref> She also bequeathed a chain of her late husband's, which had belonged to the "yonge kyng" [[Edward V]], to her son Sir Giles Capel.<ref>Susan E. James, ''Women's Voices in Tudor Wills, 1485–1603: Authority, Influence and Material'' (Ashgate, 2015), p. 88: Nicholas Harris Nicolas, ''Vestusta Testamenta'', 2 (London, 1826), p. 595.</ref><ref>[https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/about/news/extraordinary-new-clue-about-the-princes-in-the-tower-found-at-the-national-archives/ Extraordinary new clue about the Princes in the Tower found at The National Archives], The National Archives, 2024, accessed 2 December 2024</ref> Giles was also given a [[bed hangings|best bed with curtains]] embroidered with the badge of an anchor and the motto used by his father.<ref>William Minet, "Capells at Rayne", ''Transactions of the Essex Archaeological Society'', 9:4 (Colchester, 1904), pp. 243, 246.</ref> The anchor badge was carved in the doorways at Rayne Hall.<ref>[https://archive.org/details/inventoryofhist01grea/page/n389/mode/2up ''Inventory of the Historical Monuments in Essex'' (London: HMSO, 1916), p. 219]</ref> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{s-start}} |
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{{s-civ}} |
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{{s-bef|before=[[Bartholomew Reade]]}} |
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{{s-ttl|title=[[Lord Mayor of London]] |years=1503-1504}} |
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{{s-aft|after=[[John Wyngar]]}} |
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{{s-bef|before=[[Joan_Leche#Thomas_Bradbury|Thomas Bradbury]]}} |
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{{s-ttl|title=[[Lord Mayor of London]] |years=1510}} |
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{{s-aft|after=[[Henry Keble]]}} |
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{{s-end}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Capel, William}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Capel, William}} |
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[[Category:1515 deaths]] |
[[Category:1515 deaths]] |
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[[Category:Sheriffs of the City of London]] |
[[Category:Sheriffs of the City of London]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:16th-century lord mayors of London]] |
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[[Category:15th-century English people]] |
[[Category:15th-century English people]] |
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[[Category:Members of the Parliament of England (1485–1603)]] |
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[[Category:Members of the Parliament of England for the City of London]] |
[[Category:Members of the Parliament of England for the City of London]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:English MPs 1512–1514]] |
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[[Category:English MPs 1515]] |
[[Category:English MPs 1515]] |
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[[Category:Capell family]] |
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{{England-pre1707-MP-stub}} |
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Latest revision as of 16:33, 11 December 2024
Sir William Capel (c. 1446-1515) of Capel Court[1] in the parish of St Bartholomew-by-the-Exchange in the City of London and of Hadham Hall in the parish of Little Hadham, Hertfordshire, served as Lord Mayor of London and as a Member of Parliament for the City of London.
Origins
[edit]He was the son of John Capell (1398–1449) of Stoke-by-Nayland in Suffolk, a member of the Suffolk gentry,[2] whose family had been seated at Capel St. Mary[3] in Suffolk since the 12th century.[4]
Career
[edit]William Capel was a member of the Worshipful Company of Drapers, who served as Sheriff of the City of London for 1496, and was twice elected Lord Mayor of London, in 1503 and 1510. He was elected as a Member of Parliament for the City of London from 1511 to 1515.[4]
His London mansion stood in the vicinity of the present London Stock Exchange and of Capel Court (named after him, now a short sidestreet or walkway) in the City of London.[1][5] He added a south chapel to his parish church of St Bartholomew-by-the-Exchange in the City. He purchased the estate of Hadham Hall in the parish of Little Hadham, Hertfordshire, which remained in the Capell family from many generations. A new house was later built there, whether on the site of the old hall or on a new site is uncertain, which became the seat of his Capell descendants from the 1570s onwards.
Capel loaned money on the security of jewellery. In April 1489, he lent money to a goldsmith Symond Garardson on the security of a group of diamond and ruby rings.[6] Capel lent £100 to Elizabeth of York in 1502.[7][8] As mayor of London, he had some dealings with two officers of Henry VII, Richard Empson and Edmund Dudley. Capel was fined for a perceived lapse in regulating customs in 1495, and his penalty was mitigated by the intercession of the courtier and Lord Chamberlain, Giles Daubeney, 1st Baron Daubeney.[9] Capel was censured again in a legal court in 1504, he had to pay for pardons for himself and his son Giles Capel.[10] In 1507, William Capel was imprisoned for not acting against the circulation of counterfeit money, by a jury said to have been influenced by Dudley and Empson.[11]
Marriage and issue
[edit]
He married Margaret Arundell, a daughter of Sir John Arundell (1421–1473) of Lanherne in Cornwall, by his second wife Katherine Chideocke, by whom he had issue including a son and two daughters:
- Elizabeth Capell (abt 1480-1558), the first wife of William Paulet, 1st Marquess of Winchester.
- Giles Capel of Rayne (abt 1485-1556), son and heir, an esquire to the body of Henry VII.[12] Giles Capell married Isobel Newton, and secondly, Mary Roos, widow of Hugh Denys, and a servant to both Elizabeth of York and Catherine of Aragon.[13][14][15] His descendants included: Sir Gamaliel Capell (1561-1613), MP, of Rookwood Hall, Abbess Roding, Essex, 4th son of Henry Capell (d.1588), MP, by his wife Katherine Manners, a daughter of Thomas Manners, 1st Earl of Rutland;[3] Arthur Capell, 1st Baron Capell of Hadham (1604–1649), only son of Sir Henry Capell of Rayne Hall in Essex by his wife Theodosia Montagu, a daughter of Sir Edward Montagu of Boughton House, Northamptonshire; Arthur Capell, 1st Earl of Essex (1631–1683), son of 1st Baron Capell, created Earl of Essex in 1661.
- Dorothy Capel, the wife of John La Zouche, 8th Lord Zouche.[16]
Will of Margaret Capel
[edit]Margaret Capel made her will in 1516 and died in 1522.[17][18] She made a number of bequests of rich fabrics to churches, some of which she had embroidered herself, especially for the family's chantry chapel at St Bartholomew-the-Less.[19][20] She also bequeathed a chain of her late husband's, which had belonged to the "yonge kyng" Edward V, to her son Sir Giles Capel.[21][22] Giles was also given a best bed with curtains embroidered with the badge of an anchor and the motto used by his father.[23] The anchor badge was carved in the doorways at Rayne Hall.[24]
References
[edit]- ^ a b "Capel Court, EC2R". The Underground Map. 28 April 2017. Retrieved 4 November 2020.
- ^ HOP: "born into an armigerous family"; family is not listed in the heraldic visitations of Suffolk, not listed in index[1]
- ^ a b "CAPELL, Sir Gamaliel (1561-1613), of Rookwood Hall, Abbess Roding, Essex". Historyofparliamentonline.org. History of Parliament Online. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
- ^ a b "CAPELL, Sir William (by 1448-1515), of London". Historyofparliamentonline.org. History of Parliament Online. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
- ^ Capel's House: Map of Early Modern London
- ^ HMC Report on manuscripts in various collections, 7 (London, 1914), p. 335
- ^ Nicholas Harris Nicholas, Privy Purse Expenses of Elizabeth of York (London: William Pickering, 1830), pp. 12, 183.
- ^ Tudor Chamber Books: May 1502, the Queen's book
- ^ S. J. Gunn, The Courtiers of Henry VII, The English Historical Review, 108:426 (January 1993), pp. 29–30.
- ^ Nicholas Harris Nicholas, Privy Purse Expenses of Elizabeth of York (London: William Pickering, 1830), pp. 12, 183 citing British Library Harley MS 1877.
- ^ Julia Boffey, Henry VII's London in the Great Chronicle (Teams, 2019), p. 126.
- ^ Calendar Patent Rolls, Henry VII, 2 (London, 1914), p. 414.
- ^ William Minet, "Capells at Rayne", Transactions of the Essex Archaeological Society, 9:4 (Colchester, 1904), p. 246–247.
- ^ Barbara J. Harris, English Aristocratic Women, 1450–1550: Marriage and Family, Property and Careers (Oxford, 2002), p. 216.
- ^ Book inscribed by Mary, Dame Capel: YCBA
- ^ Walter C. Metcalfe, Visitation of Wiltshire (London, 1897), 1565, p. 43
- ^ William Minet, "Capells at Rayne", Transactions of the Essex Archaeological Society, 9:4 (Colchester, 1904), p. 243
- ^ Tim Thornton, "Sir William Capell and A Royal Chain: The Afterlives (and Death) of King Edward V", History: The Journal of the Historical Association, 109:308 (2024), pp. 445–480. doi:10.1111/1468-229X.13430
- ^ Barbara J. Harris, English Aristocratic Women and the Fabric of Piety (Amsterdam University Press, 2018), pp. 60, 67, 99
- ^ Nicholas Orme, Cornish Wills, 1342–1540 (Devon and Cornwall Record Society, 2007), p. 67.
- ^ Susan E. James, Women's Voices in Tudor Wills, 1485–1603: Authority, Influence and Material (Ashgate, 2015), p. 88: Nicholas Harris Nicolas, Vestusta Testamenta, 2 (London, 1826), p. 595.
- ^ Extraordinary new clue about the Princes in the Tower found at The National Archives, The National Archives, 2024, accessed 2 December 2024
- ^ William Minet, "Capells at Rayne", Transactions of the Essex Archaeological Society, 9:4 (Colchester, 1904), pp. 243, 246.
- ^ Inventory of the Historical Monuments in Essex (London: HMSO, 1916), p. 219