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{{Short description|Portuguese businessman and colonial governor}}
{{Infobox governor
{{Infobox governor
|name = Manuel António Martins
|name = Manuel António Martins
Line 6: Line 7:
|birth_name =
|birth_name =
|birth_date = 1772
|birth_date = 1772
|birth_place = Braga
|birth_place =
|death_date = 1845
|death_date = 1845
|death_place =
|death_place = Santa Maria, Portuguese Cape Verde
|nationality = Portuguese
|nationality = Portuguese
|office=[[List of colonial governors of Cape Verde|Colonial governor of Cape Verde]]
|office=[[List of colonial governors of Cape Verde|Colonial governor of Cape Verde]]
|term_start=1834
|term_start=14 February 1834
|term_end=1835
|term_end=1835
|predecessor=[[José Coutinho de Lencastre|D. José Coutinho de Lencastre]]
|predecessor=[[José Coutinho de Lencastre|D. José Coutinho de Lencastre]]
|successor=[[Joaquim Pereira Marinho]]
|successor=[[Joaquim Pereira Marinho]]
}}
}}
'''Manuel António Martins''' (1772 in Braga-1845) was a Portuguese businessman and colonial governor of [[Cape Verde]] and [[Portuguese Guinea]] from 1834 to 1835.<ref name=statesmen>{{cite web|url=http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Cape_Verde.html|title=Cape Verde|website=worldstatesmen.org}}</ref> Martins was said to be the richest man in the country and nicknamed the Napoleon of the Cape Verde Islands.<ref name="brooks">{{cite book|last1=Brooks|first1=George E.|title=Western Africa and Cabo Verde, 1790s-1830s: symbiosis of slave and legitimate trades|date=10 December 2010|isbn=9781452088709|pages=99–120|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yIm0ElCNK1gC&pg=PA99|accessdate=29 October 2016}}</ref> He arrived in Cape Verde in 1792. He started the exploitation of the salt ponds of [[Pedra de Lume]] on the island of [[Sal, Cape Verde|Sal]] in 1796.<ref name=wh>[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/6106/ Salines de Pedra de Lume], UNESCO World Heritage tentative list {{in lang|fr}}</ref>
'''Manuel António Martins''' (1772 in Braga-1845) was a Portuguese administrator and colonial governor of Cape Verde and Guinea (Portuguese Guinea, now Guinea-Bissau) from 1833 to 1835.


In May 1819, Martins co-established a fishing company with the Governor of Cape Verde, [[António Pusich]]. Martins's partnership with Pusich soured after Pusich accused Martin of trying to sell [[São Vicente, Cape Verde|São Vicente]] and [[Sal, Cape Verde|Sal]] to the British.<ref name="brooks"/> After the accusation, Martins instigated a riot in [[Praia]] in May 1821 that led to the overthrow of Pusich.<ref name="brooks"/> In 1819, Martins was appointed by [[Samuel Hodges, Jr.]] as an honorary vice-consul for the [[United States]] on the island of [[Boa Vista, Cape Verde|Boa Vista]].<ref name=IJAHS>{{cite journal|last1=Brooks|first1=G.E.|title=Samuel Hodges, Jr., and the Symbiosis of Slave and "Legitimate" Trades, 1810s-1820s|journal=The International Journal of African Historical Studies|date=2008|volume=41|issue=1|pages=101–116|jstor=40282458}}</ref> He founded the town of [[Santa Maria, Cape Verde|Santa Maria]] on Sal in 1830.<ref name="History of Sal">{{cite web|url=http://www1.umassd.edu/SpecialPrograms/caboverde/salhist.html|title=A History of Ilha do Sal|author=Ray Almeida|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160206120818/http://www1.umassd.edu/specialprograms/caboverde/salhist.html |archive-date= 6 February 2016 |url-status= dead}}</ref>
==Early life==
Martins was born in Braga to João António Cosqueiro and Bernarda di Autrello. He moved to Cape Verde in 1792.<ref name="brooks">{{cite book|last1=Brooks|first1=George E.|title=Western Africa and Cabo Verde, 1790s-1830s: symbiosis of slave and legitimate trades|isbn=9781452088709|pages=99-120|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=yIm0ElCNK1gC&pg=PA99|accessdate=29 October 2016}}</ref>


In December 1833, Martins was appointed [[List of colonial governors of Cape Verde|colonial governor of Cape Verde]] and Guinea,<ref name="brooks"/> assuming office on 14 February 1834.<ref name=gomes/> His tenure lasted until March 1835.<ref name=statesmen/> In 1834 he established the municipality of [[Santa Catarina, Cape Verde|Santa Catarina]] with its seat in [[Picos, Cape Verde|Picos]], replacing the old municipality of [[Cidade Velha|Ribeira Grande]].<ref name=gomes>[http://www.portaldoconhecimento.gov.cv/bitstream/10961/2349/1/anazenaida2.pdf Evolução histórica do Concelho de Santa Catarina (1834 – 1912)], Ana Zenaida Gomes, 2005, p. 16</ref>
==Partnership==
In May 1819, Martins co-established a fishing company alongside the Governor of Cape Verde, [[António Pusich]]. Martins's partnership with Pusich weakened after Pusich accused Martin of allegedly trying to sell [[São Vicente, Cape Verde|São Vicente]] and [[Sal, Cape Verde|Sal]] to the British.<ref name="brooks"/> After the accusation, Martins instigated a [[Praia]] riot in May 1821 that led to the overthrow of Pusich.<ref name="brooks"/>

==Diplomacy==
In 1819, he was nominated by [[Samuel Hodges, Jr.]] as a honorary vice-consul to the [[United States]].<ref name=IJAHS>{{cite journal|last1=Brooks|first1=G.E.|title=Samuel Hodges, Jr., and the Symbiosis of Slave and "Legitimate" Trades, 1810s-1820s|journal=The International Journal of African Historical Studies|date=2008|volume=41|issue=1|pages=101–116|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/40282458|accessdate=19 October 2016}}</ref> and the main responsible of a settlement on [[Sal, Cape Verde|Sal Island]]. <ref name="brooks"/> In Decemeber 1833, Martins was appointed by [[Francisco Simões Margiochi]] to become the 71st [[List of colonial governors of Cape Verde|colonial governor of Cape Verde]] and Guinea. His tenure lasted until between 1835.<ref name="brooks"/>

===Prefect===
During his governance, Martins discontinued the usage of Cape Verde's military forces. On the other hand, Martins also stopped the usage of Guinea's military and merged the commanding forces of [[Bissau]] and [[Cacheu]].<ref name="brooks"/>

==Personal life==
In 1793, Martins married Maria Josefa Ferreira, daughter of Aniceto António Ferreira Álvares Mendes.<ref name="IJAHS"/>


==See also==
==See also==
*[[List of colonial governors of Cape Verde]]
*[[List of colonial governors of Cape Verde]]
*[[List of governors of Portuguese Guinea]]


==Notes==
==Notes==
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[[Category:1772 births]]
[[Category:1772 births]]
[[Category:1845 deaths]]
[[Category:1845 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Braga]]
[[Category:Portuguese people of Italian descent]]
[[Category:Portuguese diplomats]]
[[Category:Portuguese diplomats]]
[[Category:Colonial heads of Cape Verde]]
[[Category:Colonial heads of Cape Verde]]
[[Category:Portuguese colonial governors and administrators]]
[[Category:Portuguese people of Italian descent]]


{{Portugal-diplomat-stub}}
{{CapeVerde-stub}}

Latest revision as of 20:29, 25 September 2024

Manuel António Martins
Colonial governor of Cape Verde
In office
14 February 1834 – 1835
Preceded byD. José Coutinho de Lencastre
Succeeded byJoaquim Pereira Marinho
Personal details
Born1772
Died1845
Santa Maria, Portuguese Cape Verde
NationalityPortuguese

Manuel António Martins (1772 in Braga-1845) was a Portuguese businessman and colonial governor of Cape Verde and Portuguese Guinea from 1834 to 1835.[1] Martins was said to be the richest man in the country and nicknamed the Napoleon of the Cape Verde Islands.[2] He arrived in Cape Verde in 1792. He started the exploitation of the salt ponds of Pedra de Lume on the island of Sal in 1796.[3]

In May 1819, Martins co-established a fishing company with the Governor of Cape Verde, António Pusich. Martins's partnership with Pusich soured after Pusich accused Martin of trying to sell São Vicente and Sal to the British.[2] After the accusation, Martins instigated a riot in Praia in May 1821 that led to the overthrow of Pusich.[2] In 1819, Martins was appointed by Samuel Hodges, Jr. as an honorary vice-consul for the United States on the island of Boa Vista.[4] He founded the town of Santa Maria on Sal in 1830.[5]

In December 1833, Martins was appointed colonial governor of Cape Verde and Guinea,[2] assuming office on 14 February 1834.[6] His tenure lasted until March 1835.[1] In 1834 he established the municipality of Santa Catarina with its seat in Picos, replacing the old municipality of Ribeira Grande.[6]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Cape Verde". worldstatesmen.org.
  2. ^ a b c d Brooks, George E. (10 December 2010). Western Africa and Cabo Verde, 1790s-1830s: symbiosis of slave and legitimate trades. pp. 99–120. ISBN 9781452088709. Retrieved 29 October 2016.
  3. ^ Salines de Pedra de Lume, UNESCO World Heritage tentative list (in French)
  4. ^ Brooks, G.E. (2008). "Samuel Hodges, Jr., and the Symbiosis of Slave and "Legitimate" Trades, 1810s-1820s". The International Journal of African Historical Studies. 41 (1): 101–116. JSTOR 40282458.
  5. ^ Ray Almeida. "A History of Ilha do Sal". Archived from the original on 6 February 2016.
  6. ^ a b Evolução histórica do Concelho de Santa Catarina (1834 – 1912), Ana Zenaida Gomes, 2005, p. 16
Preceded by Colonial Governor of Cape Verde
1834-35 		Succeeded by
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