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{{short description|Website that deals specifically with employment or careers}}
⚫
An '''employment website''' is a [[website]] that deals specifically with [[employment]] or [[career]]s. Many employment websites are designed to allow [[employer]]s to post job requirements for a position to be filled and are commonly known as job boards. Other employment sites offer employer reviews, career and job-search advice, and describe different job descriptions or employers. Through a job website a prospective employee can locate and fill out a [[application for employment|job application]] or submit [[resume]]s over the Internet for the advertised position.
{{pp-pc}}
⚫
An '''employment website''' is a [[website]] that deals specifically with [[employment]] or [[career]]s. Many employment websites are designed to allow [[employer]]s to post job requirements for a position to be filled and are commonly known as job boards. Other employment sites offer employer reviews, career and job-search advice, and describe different job descriptions or employers. Through a job website, a prospective employee can locate and fill out a [[application for employment|job application]] or submit [[Résumé|resume]]s over the Internet for the advertised position.


==History==
==History==
The Online Career Center was developed as a non-profit organization backed by forty major corporations to allow job hunters to post their resumes and for [[recruiter]]s to post job openings.<ref>Matas, Alina, “Internet becomes an on-line opportunity for employers and job hunters”, The Washington Post, Nov. 7, 1993, pg. H2</ref>
The Online Career Center was developed in 1992 by [[Bill Warren (businessman)|Bill Warren]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Zollman |first=Peter |title=August 29, 2019 |url=https://aimgroup.com/2019/08/29/bill-warren-founder-of-online-recruitment-dies/ |url-status=live |access-date=October 3, 2022 |website=aimgroup.com |archive-date=October 3, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221003033928/https://aimgroup.com/2019/08/29/bill-warren-founder-of-online-recruitment-dies/ }}</ref> as a non-profit organization backed by forty major corporations to allow job hunters to post their resumes and for [[recruiter]]s to post job openings.<ref>Matas, Alina, “Internet becomes an on-line opportunity for employers and job hunters”, The Washington Post, Nov. 7, 1993, pg. H2</ref>


In 1994 Robert J. McGovern began NetStart Inc. as software sold to companies for listing job openings on their websites and manage the incoming e-mails those listings generated. After an influx of two million dollars in investment capital <ref>Peter Behr, David Segal, “High-Tech Turks Lure Big-Buck Backers; Outside Investment Grows but Trails Other U.S. Centers”, The Washington Post, Nov. 4, 1996, pg. F05</ref> he then transported this software to its own web address, at first listing the job openings from the companies who utilized the software.<ref>Rajiv Chandrasekaran, “Tapping Into a Web of Aspirations; NetStart Helps Firms With Online Job Hunts”, The Washington Post, Dec. 30, 1996, pg. F13</ref> NetStart Inc. changed its name in 1998 to operate under the name of their software, [[CareerBuilder]].<ref>”Building a Career Path”, The Washington Post, Jan. 19, 1998, pg. F05</ref> The company received a further influx of seven million dollars from investment firms such as New Enterprise Associates to expand their operations.<ref>Michael Selz, “Financing Small Business: Computerized Employee-Search Firms Attract Investors”, Wall Street Journal, Jan. 13, 1998, pg. 1</ref>
In 1994, Robert J. McGovern began NetStart Inc. as software sold to companies for listing job openings on their websites and manage the incoming e-mails those listings generated. After an influx of two million dollars in investment capital<ref>Peter Behr, David Segal, “High-Tech Turks Lure Big-Buck Backers; Outside Investment Grows but Trails Other U.S. Centers”, The Washington Post, Nov. 4, 1996, pg. F05</ref> he then transported this software to its own web address, at first listing the job openings from the companies who utilized the software.<ref>Rajiv Chandrasekaran, “Tapping Into a Web of Aspirations; NetStart Helps Firms With Online Job Hunts”, The Washington Post, Dec. 30, 1996, pg. F13</ref> NetStart Inc. changed its name in 1998 to operate under the name of their software, [[CareerBuilder]].<ref>”Building a Career Path”, The Washington Post, Jan. 19, 1998, pg. F05</ref> The company received a further influx of seven million dollars from investment firms such as [[New Enterprise Associates]] to expand their operations.<ref>Michael Selz, “Financing Small Business: Computerized Employee-Search Firms Attract Investors”, Wall Street Journal, Jan. 13, 1998, pg. 1</ref>


Six major newspapers joined forces in 1995 to list their classified sections online. The service was called CareerPath.com and featured help-wanted listings from the Los Angeles Times, the Boston Globe, Chicago Tribune, the New York Times, San Jose Mercury News and the Washington Post.<ref>Jesus Sanchez (1995, October 18), "THE CUTTING EDGE: COMPUTING / TECHNOLOGY / INNOVATION; 6 Papers Launch On-Line Help-Wanted Classifieds; Advertising: With 23,000 entries, employment service initially will be free to job-seekers :[Home Edition]", ''Los Angeles Times'' ,p. 4. Retrieved December 18, 2008</ref>
Six major newspapers joined forces in 1995 to list their classified sections online. The service was called CareerPath.com and featured help-wanted listings from the Los Angeles Times, the Boston Globe, Chicago Tribune, the New York Times, San Jose Mercury News and the Washington Post.<ref>Jesus Sanchez (1995, October 18), "THE CUTTING EDGE: COMPUTING / TECHNOLOGY / INNOVATION; 6 Papers Launch On-Line Help-Wanted Classifieds; Advertising: With 23,000 entries, employment service initially will be free to job-seekers :[Home Edition]", ''Los Angeles Times'' ,p. 4. Retrieved December 18, 2008</ref>


The industry attempted to reach a broader, less tech-savvy base in 1998 when [[Hotjobs.com]] attempted to buy a [[Super Bowl]] spot, but Fox rejected the ad for being in poor taste. The ad featured a janitor at a zoo sweeping out the elephant cage completely unbeknownst to the animal. The elephant sits down briefly and when it stands back up, the janitor has disappeared. The ad meant to illustrate a need for those stuck in jobs they hate, and offer a solution through their Web site.<ref>Sally Beatty (1998, December 4), "News Corp.'s Fox Rejects Big Spot By Hill Holliday on Basis of `Taste'", ''Wall Street Journal'' (Eastern Edition), p. B6. Retrieved December 12, 2008</ref>
The industry attempted to reach a broader, less tech-savvy base in 1998 when [[Hotjobs.com]] attempted to buy a [[Super Bowl]] spot, but Fox rejected the ad for being in poor taste. The ad featured a janitor at a zoo sweeping out the elephant cage completely unbeknownst to the animal. The elephant sits down briefly and when it stands back up, the janitor has disappeared, suggesting the worker was now stuck in the elephant's anus. The ad meant to illustrate a need for those stuck in jobs they hate, and offer a solution through their Web site.<ref>Sally Beatty (1998, December 4), "News Corp.'s Fox Rejects Big Spot By Hill Holliday on Basis of `Taste'", ''Wall Street Journal'' (Eastern Edition), p. B6. Retrieved December 12, 2008</ref>


In 1999, [[Monster.com]] ran on three 30 second Super Bowl ads for four million dollars.<ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.cnn.com/TECH/computing/9902/08/monsterad.idg/index.html|title=CNN | date=February 5, 1999 | accessdate=May 2, 2010}}</ref> One ad which featured children speaking like adults, drolly intoning their dream of working at various dead-end jobs to humorous effect were far more popular than rival Hotjobs.com ad about a security guard who transitions from a low paying security job to the same job at a fancier building.<ref>Stuart Elliot, “At $1.6 million for 30 seconds, few commercials proved worthy of their Super Bowl spotlight.”, The New York Times, Feb. 2, 1999, pg C10</ref> Soon thereafter, Monster.com was elevated to the top spot of online employment sites.<ref>Matt Richtel, “Big Stakes In On-Line Job Listings”, The New York Times, Feb. 14, 1999, pg. 3.12</ref> Hotjobs.com's ad wasn't as successful, but it gave the company enough of a boost for its [[Initial Public Offering|IPO]] in August.<ref>Rachel Emma Silverman (1999, December 10) 'HotJobs Plans to Show Its Hand With New Multimedia Campaign'', ''Wall Street Journal'' (Eastern Edition), p. B, 9:1. Retrieved December 12, 2008</ref>
In 1999, [[Monster.com]] ran on three 30 second Super Bowl ads for four million dollars.<ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.cnn.com/TECH/computing/9902/08/monsterad.idg/index.html|title= CNN|date= February 5, 1999|access-date= May 2, 2010|archive-date= May 29, 2010|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100529191759/http://www.cnn.com/TECH/computing/9902/08/monsterad.idg/index.html|url-status= live}}</ref> One ad which featured children speaking like adults, drolly intoning their dream of working at various dead-end jobs to humorous effect were far more popular than rival Hotjobs.com ad about a security guard who transitions from a low paying security job to the same job at a fancier building.<ref>Stuart Elliot, “At $1.6 million for 30 seconds, few commercials proved worthy of their Super Bowl spotlight.”, The New York Times, Feb. 2, 1999, pg C10</ref> Soon thereafter, Monster.com was elevated to the top spot of online employment sites.<ref>Matt Richtel, “Big Stakes In On-Line Job Listings”, The New York Times, Feb. 14, 1999, pg. 3.12</ref> Hotjobs.com's ad wasn't as successful, but it gave the company enough of a boost for its [[Initial public offering|IPO]] in August.<ref>Rachel Emma Silverman (1999, December 10) 'HotJobs Plans to Show Its Hand With New Multimedia Campaign'', ''Wall Street Journal'' (Eastern Edition), p. B, 9:1. Retrieved December 12, 2008</ref>


After being purchased in a joint venture by [[Knight Ridder]] and [[Tribune Company]] in July,<ref>” Business Brief -- CAREER BUILDER INC.: Knight Ridder and Tribune Agree to Buy Firm Jointly”, Wall Street Journal, Jul. 18, 2000, pg. 1</ref> CareerBuilder absorbed competitor boards CareerPath.com and then Headhunter.net which had already acquired CareerMosaic. Even with these aggressive mergers CareerBuilder still trailed behind the number one employment site Jobsonline.com, number two Monster.com and number three Hotjobs.com.<ref>James Peter Rubin, “Breakaway (A Special Report) --- Web Workers: More small businesses are filling vacancies from an ever-growing pool of Internet candidates”, Wall Street Journal, Oct. 23, 2000, pg. 8</ref>
After being purchased in a joint venture by [[Knight Ridder]] and [[Tribune Company]] in July,<ref>” Business Brief -- CAREER BUILDER INC.: Knight Ridder and Tribune Agree to Buy Firm Jointly”, Wall Street Journal, Jul. 18, 2000, pg. 1</ref> CareerBuilder absorbed competitor boards CareerPath.com and then Headhunter.net which had already acquired CareerMosaic. Even with these aggressive mergers CareerBuilder still trailed behind the number one employment site Jobsonline.com, number two Monster.com and number three Hotjobs.com.<ref>James Peter Rubin, “Breakaway (A Special Report) --- Web Workers: More small businesses are filling vacancies from an ever-growing pool of Internet candidates”, Wall Street Journal, Oct. 23, 2000, pg. 8</ref>


Monster.com made a move in 2001 to purchase Hotjobs.com for $374 million in [[stock]], but were unsuccessful due to [[Yahoo]]'s unsolicited cash and stock bid of $430 million late in the year. Yahoo had previously announced plans to enter the job board business, but decided to jump start that venture by purchasing the established brand.<ref>Mylene Mangalindan (2001, December 24), "E-Business: Online-Jobs Niche Sparks Yahoo's Bold Move", ''Wall Street Journal'' (Eastern Edition), p. B4. Retrieved December 12, 2008</ref> In February 2010, Monster acquired HotJobs from Yahoo for $225 million.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://tech.co/monster-deal-inked-for-225m-for-yahoo-hotjobs-2010-02 |title=Monster Deal Inked for $225M for Yahoo HotJobs| accessdate=Feb 15, 2015}}</ref>
Monster.com made a move in 2001 to purchase Hotjobs.com for $374 million in [[stock]], but were unsuccessful due to [[Yahoo]]'s unsolicited cash and stock bid of $430 million late in the year. Yahoo had previously announced plans to enter the job board business, but decided to jump start that venture by purchasing the established brand.<ref>Mylene Mangalindan (2001, December 24), "E-Business: Online-Jobs Niche Sparks Yahoo's Bold Move", ''Wall Street Journal'' (Eastern Edition), p. B4. Retrieved December 12, 2008</ref> In February 2010, Monster acquired HotJobs from Yahoo for $225 million.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://tech.co/monster-deal-inked-for-225m-for-yahoo-hotjobs-2010-02 |title=Monster Deal Inked for $225M for Yahoo HotJobs |date=3 February 2010 |access-date=Feb 15, 2015 |archive-date=16 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150216004428/http://tech.co/monster-deal-inked-for-225m-for-yahoo-hotjobs-2010-02 |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Features and types==
{{refimprove|section|date=May 2016}}
The success of jobs search engines in bridging the gap between jobseekers and employers has spawned thousands of job sites, many of which list job opportunities in a specific sector, such as education, health care, hospital management, academics and even in the non-governmental sector. These sites range from broad all-purpose generalist job boards to niche sites that serve various audiences, geographies, and industries. Many industry experts are encouraging jobseekers to concentrate on industry specific sector sites.


===Job postings===
===Job postings===
A '''job board''' is a [[website]] that facilitates [[job hunting]] and range from large scale generalist sites to niche job boards for job categories such as [[engineering]], [[legal]], [[insurance]], [[social work]], [[teaching]], [[mobile app]] development as well as cross-sector categories such as [[green job]]s, [[ethical job]]s and [[seasonal job]]s. Users can typically deposit their [[résumé]]s and submit them to potential [[employer]]s and [[recruiter]]s for review, while employers and recruiters can post job ads and search for potential employees.
A '''job board''' is a [[website]] that facilitates [[job hunting]] and range from large scale generalist sites to niche job boards for job categories such as [[engineering]], [[legal]], [[insurance]], [[social work]], [[teaching]], [[mobile app]] development as well as cross-sector categories such as [[green job]]s, [[ethical job]]s and [[seasonal job]]s. Users can typically upload their [[résumé]]s and submit them to potential [[employer]]s and [[recruiter]]s for review, while employers and recruiters can post job ads and search for potential employees.


The term '''job search engine''' might refer to a job board with a [[search engine]] style interface, or to a web site that actually indexes and searches other web sites.
The term '''job search engine''' might refer to a job board with a [[search engine]] style interface, or to a web site that actually indexes and searches other web sites.


Niche job boards are starting to play a bigger role in providing more targeted job vacancies and employees to the candidate and the employer respectively. Job boards such as airport jobs and federal jobs among others provide a very focused way of eliminating and reducing time to applying to the most appropriate role. [[USAJobs|USAJobs.gov]] is the United States' official website for jobs. It gathers job listings from over 500 federal agencies.<ref>https://www.usajobs.gov/Help/About/</ref>
Niche job boards are starting to play a bigger role in providing more targeted job vacancies and employees to the candidate and the employer respectively. Job boards such as airport jobs and federal jobs among others provide a very focused way of eliminating and reducing time to applying to the most appropriate role. [[USAJobs|USAJobs.gov]] is the United States' official website for jobs. It gathers job listings from over 500 federal agencies.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.usajobs.gov/Help/About/|title=USAJOBS Help Center - About USAJOBS|website=www.usajobs.gov|access-date=2016-05-09|archive-date=2018-02-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180214014425/https://www.usajobs.gov/Help/About/|url-status=live}}</ref>


===Metasearch and vertical search engines===
===Metasearch and vertical search engines===
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Some of these new [[search engines]] primarily index traditional job boards. These sites aim to provide a "one-stop shop" for job-seekers who don't need to search the underlying job boards. In 2006, tensions developed between the job boards and several [[scraper site]]s, with [[Craigslist]] banning scrapers from its job classifieds and [[Monster.com]] specifically banning scrapers through its adoption of a [[robots exclusion standard]] on all its pages while others have embraced them.
Some of these new [[search engines]] primarily index traditional job boards. These sites aim to provide a "one-stop shop" for job-seekers who don't need to search the underlying job boards. In 2006, tensions developed between the job boards and several [[scraper site]]s, with [[Craigslist]] banning scrapers from its job classifieds and [[Monster.com]] specifically banning scrapers through its adoption of a [[robots exclusion standard]] on all its pages while others have embraced them.

[[Indeed.com]], a "job aggregator", collects job postings from employer websites, job boards, online classifieds, and association websites. [[Simply Hired]] is another large aggregator collecting job postings from many sources.

[[LinkUp (website)]] is a job search engine ("job aggregator") that indexes pages only from employers' websites choosing to bypass traditional job boards entirely. These vertical search engines allow jobseekers to find new positions that may not be advertised on the traditional job boards.


Industry specific posting boards are also appearing. These consolidate all the vacancies in a very specific industry. The largest "niche" job board is [[Dice.com]] which focuses on the IT industry. Many industry and professional associations offer members a job posting capability on the association website.
Industry specific posting boards are also appearing. These consolidate all the vacancies in a very specific industry. The largest "niche" job board is [[Dice.com]] which focuses on the IT industry. Many industry and professional associations offer members a job posting capability on the association website.


===Employer review website===
===Employer review website===
An employer review website is a type of employment website where past and current [[employees]] post comments about their experiences working for a company or organization. An employer review website usually takes the form of an [[internet forum]]. Typical comments are about [[management]], [[working conditions]], and [[Wage|pay]]. Although employer review websites may produce links to potential employers, they do not necessarily list vacancies.<ref name="Fox Business">{{cite web|last=Driscoll|first=Emily|title=What Grads Should Know About Employer Review Websites |url=http://www.foxbusiness.com/personal-finance/2013/03/11/what-grads-should-know-about-employer-review-websites/|publisher=Fox Business News|accessdate=7 May 2013}}</ref><ref>Top Site for Researching Your Next Employer https://www.myamcat.com/</ref>
An employer review website is a type of employment website where past and current [[employees]] post comments about their experiences working for a company or organization. An employer review website usually takes the form of an [[internet forum]]. Typical comments are about [[management]], [[working conditions]], and [[Wage|pay]]. Although employer review websites may produce links to potential employers, they do not necessarily list vacancies.<ref name="Fox Business">{{cite web|last=Driscoll|first=Emily|title=What Grads Should Know About Employer Review Websites|url=http://www.foxbusiness.com/personal-finance/2013/03/11/what-grads-should-know-about-employer-review-websites/|publisher=Fox Business News|access-date=7 May 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151212072349/http://www.foxbusiness.com/personal-finance/2013/03/11/what-grads-should-know-about-employer-review-websites/|archive-date=12 December 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>CIO - Top Sites for Researching Your Next Employer|url=http://www.cio.com/article/2387201/careers-staffing/top-8-sites-for-researching-your-next-employer.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170610000443/http://www.cio.com/article/2387201/careers-staffing/top-8-sites-for-researching-your-next-employer.html |date=2017-06-10 }}</ref>

===Pay For Performance (PFP)===
The most recent second generation of employment websites, often referred to as '''pay for performance''' (PFP) involves charging for membership services rendered to job seekers.{{citation needed|date=October 2012}}


===Websites providing information and advice for employees, employers and job seekers===
===Websites providing information and advice for employees, employers and job seekers===
Although many sites that provide access to job advertisements include pages with advice about writing resumes and CVs, performing well in interviews, and other topics of interest to job seekers there are sites that specialize in providing information of this kind, rather than job opportunities. One such is [[Working in Canada]]. It does provide links to the [[Canadian Job Bank]]. However, most of its content is information about local labor markets (in Canada), requirements for working in various occupations, information about relevant laws and regulations, government services and grants, and so on. Most items could be of interest to people in various roles and conditions including those considering career options, job seekers, employers and employees.
Although many sites that provide access to job advertisements include pages with advice about writing resumes and CVs, performing well in interviews, and other topics of interest to job seekers there are sites that specialize in providing information of this kind, rather than job opportunities. One such is [[Working in Canada]]. It does provide links to the [[Canadian Job Bank]]. However, most of its content is information about local labor markets (in Canada), requirements for working in various occupations, information about relevant laws and regulations, government services and grants, and so on. Most items could be of interest to people in various roles and conditions including those considering career options, job seekers, employers and employees.

==Revenue models==
Employment sites typically charge fees to employers for listings job postings. Often these are flat fees for a specific duration (30 days, 60 days, etc). Other sites may allow employers to post basic listings for free, but charge a fee for more prominent placement of listings in search results. A few sites use a ''pay-for-performance'' model, where the employer listing the job pays for clicks on the listing.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.glassdoor.com/employers/blog/how-much-it-costs-to-post-a-job-online/|title=How Much It Costs To Post A Job Online|publisher=[[Glassdoor]]|access-date=2019-07-14|archive-date=2019-07-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190714143737/https://www.glassdoor.com/employers/blog/how-much-it-costs-to-post-a-job-online/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://blog.proven.com/how-much-to-post-a-job|title=How Much It Costs To Post A Job Online (The Dirty Truth)|date=19 February 2018|publisher=Proven.com|access-date=2019-07-14|archive-date=2019-07-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190714143741/https://blog.proven.com/how-much-to-post-a-job|url-status=live}}</ref>

In Japan, some sites have come under fire for allowing employers to list a job for free for an initial duration, then charging exorbitant fees after the free period expires. Most of these sites seem to have appeared within the last year in response to the labor shortage in Japan.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://mainichi.jp/english/articles/20190612/p2a/00m/0na/011000c|publisher=[[Mainichi Shimbun]]|title=New job sites charging small firms sky-high listing fees after short free periods|newspaper=Mainichi Daily News|date=12 June 2019|access-date=2019-07-14|archive-date=2019-07-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190710003316/https://mainichi.jp/english/articles/20190612/p2a/00m/0na/011000c|url-status=live}}</ref>


==Risks==
==Risks==
Many jobs search engines and jobs boards encourage users to post their [[resume]] and contact details. While this is attractive for the site operators (who sell access to the resume bank to [[Recruiter|headhunter]]s and recruiters), job-seekers exercise caution in uploading personal information, since they have no control over where their resume will eventually be seen. Their resume may be viewed by a current employer or, worse, by criminals who may use information from it to amass and sell personal contact information, or even perpetrate [[identity theft]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/02/09/AR2007020901925.html|title=Taking the Bait On a Phish Scam, Job Seekers Are Targets, Victims of Sophisticated Ploy|last=Shin|first=Annys|date=2007-10-02|publisher=Washington Post|accessdate=2009-03-30}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2007/sep/11/business/fi-monster11|title=Sleeping on the job? Security at work-applicant sites faulted|last=Menn|first=Joseph|date=2007-11-09|publisher=Los Angeles Times|accessdate=2009-03-30}}</ref>
Many job search engines and job boards encourage users to post their [[Résumé|resume]] and contact details. While this is attractive for the site operators (who sell access to the resume bank to [[Recruiter|headhunter]]s and recruiters), job-seekers exercise caution in uploading personal information, since they have no control over where their resume will eventually be seen. Their resume may be viewed by a current employer or, worse, by criminals who may use information from it to amass and sell personal contact information, or even perpetrate [[identity theft]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/02/09/AR2007020901925.html|title=Taking the Bait On a Phish Scam, Job Seekers Are Targets, Victims of Sophisticated Ploy|last=Shin|first=Annys|date=2007-10-02|newspaper=Washington Post|access-date=2009-03-30|archive-date=2017-09-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170910053326/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/02/09/AR2007020901925.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2007-sep-11-fi-monster11-story.html|title=Sleeping on the job? Security at work-applicant sites faulted|last=Menn|first=Joseph|date=2007-11-09|work=Los Angeles Times|access-date=2009-03-30|archive-date=2012-10-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121010001928/http://articles.latimes.com/2007/sep/11/business/fi-monster11|url-status=live}}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
* [[Career-oriented social networking market]]
⚫
* [[Job wrapping]]
* [[Freelance marketplace]]
* [[.jobs]]
* [[.jobs]]
⚫
* [[Job wrapping]]
* [[List of employment websites]]
* [[List of employment websites]]


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{{DEFAULTSORT:Employment Website}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Employment Website}}
[[Category:Employment websites| ]]
[[Category:Employment websites| ]]
[[Category:Career development]]

Latest revision as of 09:45, 20 September 2024

An employment website is a website that deals specifically with employment or careers. Many employment websites are designed to allow employers to post job requirements for a position to be filled and are commonly known as job boards. Other employment sites offer employer reviews, career and job-search advice, and describe different job descriptions or employers. Through a job website, a prospective employee can locate and fill out a job application or submit resumes over the Internet for the advertised position.

History

[edit]

The Online Career Center was developed in 1992 by Bill Warren[1] as a non-profit organization backed by forty major corporations to allow job hunters to post their resumes and for recruiters to post job openings.[2]

In 1994, Robert J. McGovern began NetStart Inc. as software sold to companies for listing job openings on their websites and manage the incoming e-mails those listings generated. After an influx of two million dollars in investment capital[3] he then transported this software to its own web address, at first listing the job openings from the companies who utilized the software.[4] NetStart Inc. changed its name in 1998 to operate under the name of their software, CareerBuilder.[5] The company received a further influx of seven million dollars from investment firms such as New Enterprise Associates to expand their operations.[6]

Six major newspapers joined forces in 1995 to list their classified sections online. The service was called CareerPath.com and featured help-wanted listings from the Los Angeles Times, the Boston Globe, Chicago Tribune, the New York Times, San Jose Mercury News and the Washington Post.[7]

The industry attempted to reach a broader, less tech-savvy base in 1998 when Hotjobs.com attempted to buy a Super Bowl spot, but Fox rejected the ad for being in poor taste. The ad featured a janitor at a zoo sweeping out the elephant cage completely unbeknownst to the animal. The elephant sits down briefly and when it stands back up, the janitor has disappeared, suggesting the worker was now stuck in the elephant's anus. The ad meant to illustrate a need for those stuck in jobs they hate, and offer a solution through their Web site.[8]

In 1999, Monster.com ran on three 30 second Super Bowl ads for four million dollars.[9] One ad which featured children speaking like adults, drolly intoning their dream of working at various dead-end jobs to humorous effect were far more popular than rival Hotjobs.com ad about a security guard who transitions from a low paying security job to the same job at a fancier building.[10] Soon thereafter, Monster.com was elevated to the top spot of online employment sites.[11] Hotjobs.com's ad wasn't as successful, but it gave the company enough of a boost for its IPO in August.[12]

After being purchased in a joint venture by Knight Ridder and Tribune Company in July,[13] CareerBuilder absorbed competitor boards CareerPath.com and then Headhunter.net which had already acquired CareerMosaic. Even with these aggressive mergers CareerBuilder still trailed behind the number one employment site Jobsonline.com, number two Monster.com and number three Hotjobs.com.[14]

Monster.com made a move in 2001 to purchase Hotjobs.com for $374 million in stock, but were unsuccessful due to Yahoo's unsolicited cash and stock bid of $430 million late in the year. Yahoo had previously announced plans to enter the job board business, but decided to jump start that venture by purchasing the established brand.[15] In February 2010, Monster acquired HotJobs from Yahoo for $225 million.[16]

Job postings

[edit]

A job board is a website that facilitates job hunting and range from large scale generalist sites to niche job boards for job categories such as engineering, legal, insurance, social work, teaching, mobile app development as well as cross-sector categories such as green jobs, ethical jobs and seasonal jobs. Users can typically upload their résumés and submit them to potential employers and recruiters for review, while employers and recruiters can post job ads and search for potential employees.

The term job search engine might refer to a job board with a search engine style interface, or to a web site that actually indexes and searches other web sites.

Niche job boards are starting to play a bigger role in providing more targeted job vacancies and employees to the candidate and the employer respectively. Job boards such as airport jobs and federal jobs among others provide a very focused way of eliminating and reducing time to applying to the most appropriate role. USAJobs.gov is the United States' official website for jobs. It gathers job listings from over 500 federal agencies.[17]

Metasearch and vertical search engines

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Some web sites are simply search engines that collect results from multiple independent job boards. This is an example of both metasearch (since these are search engines which search other search engines) and vertical search (since the searches are limited to a specific topic - job listings).

Some of these new search engines primarily index traditional job boards. These sites aim to provide a "one-stop shop" for job-seekers who don't need to search the underlying job boards. In 2006, tensions developed between the job boards and several scraper sites, with Craigslist banning scrapers from its job classifieds and Monster.com specifically banning scrapers through its adoption of a robots exclusion standard on all its pages while others have embraced them.

Industry specific posting boards are also appearing. These consolidate all the vacancies in a very specific industry. The largest "niche" job board is Dice.com which focuses on the IT industry. Many industry and professional associations offer members a job posting capability on the association website.

Employer review website

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An employer review website is a type of employment website where past and current employees post comments about their experiences working for a company or organization. An employer review website usually takes the form of an internet forum. Typical comments are about management, working conditions, and pay. Although employer review websites may produce links to potential employers, they do not necessarily list vacancies.[18][19]

Websites providing information and advice for employees, employers and job seekers

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Although many sites that provide access to job advertisements include pages with advice about writing resumes and CVs, performing well in interviews, and other topics of interest to job seekers there are sites that specialize in providing information of this kind, rather than job opportunities. One such is Working in Canada. It does provide links to the Canadian Job Bank. However, most of its content is information about local labor markets (in Canada), requirements for working in various occupations, information about relevant laws and regulations, government services and grants, and so on. Most items could be of interest to people in various roles and conditions including those considering career options, job seekers, employers and employees.

Revenue models

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Employment sites typically charge fees to employers for listings job postings. Often these are flat fees for a specific duration (30 days, 60 days, etc). Other sites may allow employers to post basic listings for free, but charge a fee for more prominent placement of listings in search results. A few sites use a pay-for-performance model, where the employer listing the job pays for clicks on the listing.[20][21]

In Japan, some sites have come under fire for allowing employers to list a job for free for an initial duration, then charging exorbitant fees after the free period expires. Most of these sites seem to have appeared within the last year in response to the labor shortage in Japan.[22]

Risks

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Many job search engines and job boards encourage users to post their resume and contact details. While this is attractive for the site operators (who sell access to the resume bank to headhunters and recruiters), job-seekers exercise caution in uploading personal information, since they have no control over where their resume will eventually be seen. Their resume may be viewed by a current employer or, worse, by criminals who may use information from it to amass and sell personal contact information, or even perpetrate identity theft.[23][24]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Zollman, Peter. "August 29, 2019". aimgroup.com. Archived from the original on October 3, 2022. Retrieved October 3, 2022.
  2. ^ Matas, Alina, “Internet becomes an on-line opportunity for employers and job hunters”, The Washington Post, Nov. 7, 1993, pg. H2
  3. ^ Peter Behr, David Segal, “High-Tech Turks Lure Big-Buck Backers; Outside Investment Grows but Trails Other U.S. Centers”, The Washington Post, Nov. 4, 1996, pg. F05
  4. ^ Rajiv Chandrasekaran, “Tapping Into a Web of Aspirations; NetStart Helps Firms With Online Job Hunts”, The Washington Post, Dec. 30, 1996, pg. F13
  5. ^ ”Building a Career Path”, The Washington Post, Jan. 19, 1998, pg. F05
  6. ^ Michael Selz, “Financing Small Business: Computerized Employee-Search Firms Attract Investors”, Wall Street Journal, Jan. 13, 1998, pg. 1
  7. ^ Jesus Sanchez (1995, October 18), "THE CUTTING EDGE: COMPUTING / TECHNOLOGY / INNOVATION; 6 Papers Launch On-Line Help-Wanted Classifieds; Advertising: With 23,000 entries, employment service initially will be free to job-seekers :[Home Edition]", Los Angeles Times ,p. 4. Retrieved December 18, 2008
  8. ^ Sally Beatty (1998, December 4), "News Corp.'s Fox Rejects Big Spot By Hill Holliday on Basis of `Taste'", Wall Street Journal (Eastern Edition), p. B6. Retrieved December 12, 2008
  9. ^ "CNN". February 5, 1999. Archived from the original on May 29, 2010. Retrieved May 2, 2010.
  10. ^ Stuart Elliot, “At $1.6 million for 30 seconds, few commercials proved worthy of their Super Bowl spotlight.”, The New York Times, Feb. 2, 1999, pg C10
  11. ^ Matt Richtel, “Big Stakes In On-Line Job Listings”, The New York Times, Feb. 14, 1999, pg. 3.12
  12. ^ Rachel Emma Silverman (1999, December 10) 'HotJobs Plans to Show Its Hand With New Multimedia Campaign, Wall Street Journal (Eastern Edition), p. B, 9:1. Retrieved December 12, 2008
  13. ^ ” Business Brief -- CAREER BUILDER INC.: Knight Ridder and Tribune Agree to Buy Firm Jointly”, Wall Street Journal, Jul. 18, 2000, pg. 1
  14. ^ James Peter Rubin, “Breakaway (A Special Report) --- Web Workers: More small businesses are filling vacancies from an ever-growing pool of Internet candidates”, Wall Street Journal, Oct. 23, 2000, pg. 8
  15. ^ Mylene Mangalindan (2001, December 24), "E-Business: Online-Jobs Niche Sparks Yahoo's Bold Move", Wall Street Journal (Eastern Edition), p. B4. Retrieved December 12, 2008
  16. ^ "Monster Deal Inked for $225M for Yahoo HotJobs". 3 February 2010. Archived from the original on 16 February 2015. Retrieved Feb 15, 2015.
  17. ^ "USAJOBS Help Center - About USAJOBS". www.usajobs.gov. Archived from the original on 2018-02-14. Retrieved 2016-05-09.
  18. ^ Driscoll, Emily. "What Grads Should Know About Employer Review Websites". Fox Business News. Archived from the original on 12 December 2015. Retrieved 7 May 2013.
  19. ^ CIO - Top Sites for Researching Your Next Employer|url=http://www.cio.com/article/2387201/careers-staffing/top-8-sites-for-researching-your-next-employer.html Archived 2017-06-10 at the Wayback Machine
  20. ^ "How Much It Costs To Post A Job Online". Glassdoor. Archived from the original on 2019-07-14. Retrieved 2019-07-14.
  21. ^ "How Much It Costs To Post A Job Online (The Dirty Truth)". Proven.com. 19 February 2018. Archived from the original on 2019-07-14. Retrieved 2019-07-14.
  22. ^ "New job sites charging small firms sky-high listing fees after short free periods". Mainichi Daily News. Mainichi Shimbun. 12 June 2019. Archived from the original on 2019-07-10. Retrieved 2019-07-14.
  23. ^ Shin, Annys (2007-10-02). "Taking the Bait On a Phish Scam, Job Seekers Are Targets, Victims of Sophisticated Ploy". Washington Post. Archived from the original on 2017-09-10. Retrieved 2009-03-30.
  24. ^ Menn, Joseph (2007-11-09). "Sleeping on the job? Security at work-applicant sites faulted". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 2012-10-10. Retrieved 2009-03-30.
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