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{{Short description|Musical instrument}}
{{Infobox Instrument
{{Infobox instrument
|name=Pandeiro
⚫
| image = Pandeiro.jpg
|names=Pandeiro, drums
| image_size =
⚫
|image=Pandeiro.jpg
| alt =
⚫
|classification=[[hand percussion]]
| caption =
|range=High sound of jingles, plus some have a skin with a lower sound.
| background = percussion
|related=[[Riq]], buben, [[dayereh]], [[daf]], [[kanjira]], [[frame drum]] }}
| names =
⚫
| classification = [[Frame drum]]
| hornbostel_sachs = 211.311
| hornbostel_sachs_desc = [[Directly struck membranophone]]
}}
[[File:Pandeiro.stl|thumb|3D model]]
The '''pandeiro''' ({{IPA|pt|pɐ̃ˈdejɾu}}) is a type of hand [[frame drum]] popular in [[Brazil]]. The pandeiro is used in a number of [[Music of Brazil|Brazilian music]] forms, such as [[samba]], [[choro]], [[Coco (music)|coco]], and [[capoeira]] music.


The '''Pandeiro''' ({{IPA-pt|pɐ̃ˈdejɾu}}) is a type of hand [[frame drum]] popular in Brazil, and which has been described as an unofficial instrument of that nation.{{cn|date=December 2012}} The drumhead is tunable, and the rim holds metal jingles (''platinelas''), which are cupped creating a crisper, drier and less sustained tone on the pandeiro than on the [[tambourine]]. It is held in one hand, and struck on the head by the other hand to produce the sound. Typical pandeiro patterns are played by alternating the thumb, fingertips, heel, and palm of the hand. A Pandeiro can also be shaken to make sound, or one can run a finger along the head to produce a [[Drum roll|roll]].
The drumhead is tunable, and the rim holds metal jingles (''platinelas'') which are cupped, creating a crisper, drier and less sustained tone on the pandeiro than on the [[tambourine]]. It is held in one hand, and struck on the head by the other hand to produce the sound. Typical pandeiro patterns are played by alternating the thumb, fingertips, heel, and palm of the hand. A pandeiro can also be shaken to make sound, or one can run a finger along the head to produce a [[drum roll]].

The Pandeiro is used in a number of [[Music of Brazil|Brazilian music]] forms, such as [[samba]], [[choro]], [[Coco (music)|coco]], and [[capoeira]] music. The Brazilian Pandeiro derives from the pandeireta or pandereta of Spain and Portugal.{{cn|date=December 2012}}


==Medieval instrument==
==Medieval instrument==
The term ''Pandeiro'' was previously used to describe a square double-skinned frame drum, often with a bell inside; such an instrument is now known by the term ''[[adufe]]'' in [[Iberia|Spain and Portugal]]. It is derived from an earlier Arabic or Moorish instrument still found in North Africa.<ref>http://rhythmweb.com/frame/galicia.htm</ref> The term ''pandeiro'' (''pandero'' in [[Asturian language|Asturian]]) is still used in parts of Galicia and Portugal to describe the square-shaped drum, while the round drum with jingles is known as ''Pandeira'' in Galicia.<ref name="Molina2006">{{cite book|author=Mauricio Molina|title=Frame Drums in the Medieval Iberian Peninsula|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1hsE_kG53NgC&pg=PA101|accessdate=25 December 2012|year=2006|publisher=ProQuest|isbn=978-0-542-85095-0|pages=101–}}</ref>
The term ''pandeiro'' was previously used to describe a square double-skinned frame drum, often with a bell inside; such an instrument is now known by the term ''[[adufe]]'' in [[Iberia|Spain and Portugal]].
The term ''pandeiro'' (''pandero'' in [[Asturian language|Asturian]]) is still used in parts of [[Galicia (Spain)|Galicia]], [[Asturias]] and Portugal to describe the square-shaped drum, while the round drum with jingles is known as ''pandeira'' in Galicia and ''pandeireta'' in Portugal.<ref name="Molina2006">{{cite book|author=Mauricio Molina|title=Frame Drums in the Medieval Iberian Peninsula|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1hsE_kG53NgC&pg=PA101|access-date=25 December 2012|year=2006|isbn=978-0-542-85095-0|pages=101–}}</ref>


==Players==
==Players==
[[Image:Pandeiro in hands.jpg|thumb|A Brazilian-style Pandeiro being played]]
[[Image:Pandeiro in hands.jpg|thumb|A Brazilian-style pandeiro being played]]
Some of the best-known pandeiro players today are [[Paulinho da Costa]], [[Nanny Assis]], [[Airto Moreira]], [[Marcos Suzano]], [[Cyro Baptista]], [[Zé Maurício]], and [[Carlinhos Pandeiro de Ouro]].
Some of the best-known pandeiro players today are [[Paulinho da Costa]], [[ Nanny Assis]], [[Airto Moreira]], [[Marcos Suzano]], [[Cyro Baptista]], [[Zé Maurício]], and [[Carlinhos Pandeiro de Ouro]].

Another notable pandeiro player was [[Milt Holland]], a [[Los Angeles]]-based studio percussionist and drummer who travelled the world extensively to collect and study various ethnical percussion.<ref>https://books.google.com.au/books?id=0hiSDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA242&lpg=PA242&dq=milt+holland+exotic&source=bl&ots=bBL2Q46n_a&sig=PwfTbqxcT5oprFwd3WTN-r8pBOI&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiI2v6Up7LTAhUKvrwKHbRdDQQQ6AEIPTAG#v=onepage&q=milt%20holland%20exotic&f=false</ref><ref>https://books.google.com.au/books?id=0hiSDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA242&lpg=PA242&dq=milt+holland+exotic&source=bl&ots=bBL2Q46n_a&sig=PwfTbqxcT5oprFwd3WTN-r8pBOI&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiI2v6Up7LTAhUKvrwKHbRdDQQQ6AEIPTAG#v=onepage&q=milt%20holland%20exotic&f=false</ref><ref>http://www.allmusic.com/artist/milt-holland-mn0000895553/credits</ref>


Other notable pandeiro players were [[Scott Feiner]], bringing the pandeiro to jazz, and [[Milt Holland]], a [[Los Angeles]]–based studio percussionist and drummer who travelled the world extensively to collect and study various ethnic percussion types.<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0hiSDgAAQBAJ&q=milt+holland+exotic&pg=PA242 | title=I'm Just Dead, I'm Not Gone| isbn=9781496811202| last1=Dickinson| first1=Jim| date=2017-03-23}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Milt Holland {{!}} Credits |url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/milt-holland-mn0000895553/credits |website=AllMusic |publisher=AllMusic, member of the RhythmOne group |access-date=19 January 2020 |language=en-us}}</ref>
===Non-traditional usage===
===Non-traditional usage===
Artists such as [[Stanton Moore]] use it non-traditionally by tuning it low to sound like a bass drum with jingles, mounting it on a stand and integrating it into the modern drum kit.{{Citation needed|date=January 2010}} Others, such as Sule Greg Wilson on the [[Carolina Chocolate Drops]] album ''Genuine Negro Jig'', use it in tandem with a tunable [[bodhran]] — also mounted — and play them as a pair with brushes to create drum kit effects, as well as their original intent as hand-held percussion.
Artists such as [[Stanton Moore]] use it non-traditionally by tuning it low to sound like a bass drum with jingles, mounting it on a stand and integrating it into the modern drum kit.{{Citation needed|date=January 2010}} Others, such as Sule Greg Wilson on the [[Carolina Chocolate Drops]] album ''Genuine Negro Jig'', use it in tandem with a tunable [[bodhran]]—also mounted—and play them as a pair with brushes to create drum kit effects, as well as their original intent as hand-held instruments.


==References==
==References==
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==External links==
==External links==
{{Wiktionary}}
{{Wiktionary}}
* [http://www.viradadrums.com/product-category/pandeiro/ ViradaDrums.com]
* [http://www.pandeiro.com/ Pandeiro.com]
* [http://www.pandeiro.com/ Pandeiro.com]
* [http://www.emiliano.com/pandeiro.html ''Pandeiro'' by Emiliano Benevides] at Emiliano.com
* [http://www.emiliano.com/pandeiro.html ''Pandeiro'' by Emiliano Benevides] at Emiliano.com
* [http://www.amazon.com/Pandeiro-Philosophy-Daniel-Allen/dp/1505813042 "The Philosophy of... Pandeiro!" by Daniel Allen]
* [https://www.amazon.com/Pandeiro-Philosophy-Daniel-Allen/dp/1505813042 "The Philosophy of... Pandeiro!" by Daniel Allen]

{{Frame drums}}
{{Percussion}}
{{Percussion}}


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[[Category:Brazilian percussion]]
[[Category:Brazilian percussion]]
[[Category:Portuguese musical instruments]]
[[Category:Portuguese musical instruments]]
[[Category:Capoeira music]]

Latest revision as of 01:54, 9 August 2024

Pandeiro
Percussion instrument
Classification Frame drum
Hornbostel–Sachs classification211.311
(Directly struck membranophone)
3D model

The pandeiro (Portuguese pronunciation: [pɐ̃ˈdejɾu]) is a type of hand frame drum popular in Brazil. The pandeiro is used in a number of Brazilian music forms, such as samba, choro, coco, and capoeira music.

The drumhead is tunable, and the rim holds metal jingles (platinelas) which are cupped, creating a crisper, drier and less sustained tone on the pandeiro than on the tambourine. It is held in one hand, and struck on the head by the other hand to produce the sound. Typical pandeiro patterns are played by alternating the thumb, fingertips, heel, and palm of the hand. A pandeiro can also be shaken to make sound, or one can run a finger along the head to produce a drum roll.

Medieval instrument

[edit]

The term pandeiro was previously used to describe a square double-skinned frame drum, often with a bell inside; such an instrument is now known by the term adufe in Spain and Portugal.

The term pandeiro (pandero in Asturian) is still used in parts of Galicia, Asturias and Portugal to describe the square-shaped drum, while the round drum with jingles is known as pandeira in Galicia and pandeireta in Portugal.[1]

Players

[edit]
A Brazilian-style pandeiro being played

Some of the best-known pandeiro players today are Paulinho da Costa, Nanny Assis, Airto Moreira, Marcos Suzano, Cyro Baptista, Zé Maurício, and Carlinhos Pandeiro de Ouro.

Other notable pandeiro players were Scott Feiner, bringing the pandeiro to jazz, and Milt Holland, a Los Angeles–based studio percussionist and drummer who travelled the world extensively to collect and study various ethnic percussion types.[2][3]

Non-traditional usage

[edit]

Artists such as Stanton Moore use it non-traditionally by tuning it low to sound like a bass drum with jingles, mounting it on a stand and integrating it into the modern drum kit.[citation needed] Others, such as Sule Greg Wilson on the Carolina Chocolate Drops album Genuine Negro Jig, use it in tandem with a tunable bodhran—also mounted—and play them as a pair with brushes to create drum kit effects, as well as their original intent as hand-held instruments.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Mauricio Molina (2006). Frame Drums in the Medieval Iberian Peninsula. pp. 101–. ISBN 978-0-542-85095-0. Retrieved 25 December 2012.
  2. ^ Dickinson, Jim (2017-03-23). I'm Just Dead, I'm Not Gone. ISBN 9781496811202.
  3. ^ "Milt Holland | Credits". AllMusic. AllMusic, member of the RhythmOne group. Retrieved 19 January 2020.
[edit]
Look up pandeiro in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
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