2017 Riyadh summit: Difference between revisions

Riyadh Summit 2017
Riyadh Summit 2017
	King Salman, Presidents Trump and el-Sisi inaugurate the Global Center for Combating Extremism by touching an illuminated globe of the Earth.
Host country	Saudi Arabia
Date	May 20, 2017 – May 21, 2017
Motto	Together, We Prevail
Venue(s)	The Ritz-Carlton, Riyadh; King Abdulaziz International Conference Center
Cities	Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Participants	See below
Chair	King Salman of Saudi Arabia
Website	riyadhsummit2017.org

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The 2017 Riyadh summit (Arabic: قمة الرياض 2017) was a series of three summits held on 20–21 May 2017 on the occasion of the visit of United States President Donald Trump to Saudi Arabia, his first trip overseas. The summit included one bilateral meeting, between the United States and Saudi Arabia, and two multilateral meetings, one between the members of the Gulf Cooperation Council and the other with Arab and Muslim countries.^[1] Leaders and representatives of 54 Arab and Muslim countries, all members of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, and the United States took part.^[2] Iran and Turkey boycotted the summit, and Syria was not invited.

United States–Saudi Arabia summit

President Trump made his first foreign trip to Saudi Arabia arriving at King Khalid International Airport on May 20, where he met with King Salman.^[3]^[4]^[5] Trump then traveled to the Murabba Palace, where the King awarded him the Collar of Abdulaziz Al Saud.^[6] Trump later visited the National Museum of Saudi Arabia.^[7] In the evening, Trump and the U.S. delegation took part in the traditional ardah sword dance.

Trade agreement and arms deal

On May 20, 2017, U.S. President Donald Trump signed a US$350 billion arms deal with the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.^[8]^[9] The arms deal was the largest in world history.^[10]^[8]^[11] The transaction included tanks, combat ships missile defence systems, as well as radar, communications and cybersecurity technology. The transfer was widely seen as a counterbalance against the influence of Iran in the region.^[12]^[13] The arms transfer was described by news outlets as a "significant" and "historic" expansion of United States relations with Saudi Arabia.^[14]^[15]^[16]^[17]^[18]

United States – Gulf Cooperation Council Summit

Trump met with GCC leaders the morning of May 21.^[1]

Arab Islamic American Summit

Video of Trump's speech at the Arab Islamic American Summit

King Salman and President Trump gave keynote addresses at the Arab Islamic American Summit. Trump called for Muslim leaders to "drive out" terrorism from their countries, and condemned Hamas and the Iranian government for their support of the government of Bashar al-Assad. Also speaking were President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi of Egypt, Emir Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah of Kuwait, King Abdullah II of Jordan, President Joko Widodo of Indonesia, and Prime Minister Najib Razak of Malaysia.

At the close of the summit the leaders inaugurated the new Global Center for Combating Extremism in Riyadh, intended as a centre of excellence for fighting violent extremism which is conducive to terrorism, involving a number of international counter-extremism experts.^[19] To officially open the center King Salman, President Trump, and President el-Sisi placed their hands on a glowing orb in the shape of a globe, which was cause for mirth among the international media.^[20]

Countries attending

Afghanistan: President Ashraf Ghani
Albania: Albanian Ambassador to Saudi Arabia Sami Shiba
Algeria: President of the Council of the Nation Abdelkader Bensalah,^[21]
Azerbaijan: President Ilham Aliyev
Bahrain: King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa
Bangladesh: Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina
Benin: President Patrice Talon
Brunei: Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah
Burkina Faso: President Roch Marc Kabore^[22]
Cameroon: Minister of Foreign Affairs Lejeune Mbella Mbella
Chad: President Idriss Déby
Comoros: President Azali Assoumani
Djibouti: President Ismaïl Omar Guelleh
Egypt: President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi
Gabon: President Ali Bongo Ondimba
The Gambia: President Adama Barrow^[23]
Guinea: President Alpha Condé
Guinea-Bissau: President José Mário Vaz
Guyana: President David A. Granger
Indonesia: President Joko Widodo
Iraq: President Fuad Masum^[24]
Ivory Coast: President Alassane Ouattara
Jordan: King Abdullah II
Kazakhstan: President Nursultan Nazarbayev
Kuwait: Emir Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah
Kyrgyzstan: First Deputy Prime Minister Mukhammedkalyi Abylgaziev
Lebanon: Prime Minister Saad Hariri
Libya: Prime Minister Fayez al-Sarraj
Malaysia: Prime Minister Najib Razak
Maldives: President Abdulla Yameen
Mali: President Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta
Mauritania: President Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz
Morocco: Minister of Foreign Affairs Nasser Bourita^[25]
Mozambique: Minister of Foreign Affairs José Condungua Pacheco
Niger: President Mahamadou Issoufou
Nigeria: Minister of Defence Mansur Dan Ali
Oman: Deputy Prime Minister Fahd bin Mahmoud al Said^[26]
Pakistan: Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif
Qatar: Emir Tamim Bin Hamad Al Thani
State of Palestine: President Mahmoud Abbas
Senegal: President Macky Sall
Sierra Leone: President Ernest Bai Koroma
Somalia: President Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed
Sudan: Minister of State Taha al-Hussein^[27]
Suriname: Minister of Foreign Affairs Yldiz Pollack-Beighle
Tajikistan: President Emomali Rahmon^[22]
Togo: President Faure Gnassingbé
Tunisia: President Beji Caid Essebsi
Turkey: Minister of Foreign Affairs Mevlut Cavusoglu
Turkmenistan: Minister of Foreign Affairs Raşit Meredow
Uganda: State Minister of Foreign Affairs for International Affairs Henry Oryem Okello
Uzbekistan: President Shavkat Mirziyoyev^[28]
Yemen: President Abdrabbuh Mansour Hadi
United Arab Emirates: Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan
United States: President Donald Trump

Cancelled

Morocco: King Mohammed VI was scheduled to attend but cancelled his plans a week prior to the summit for unspecified reasons.^[29]
Sudan: President Omar al-Bashir declined to attend after officials at the U.S. Embassy in Riyadh registered their objections to his planned attendance. President al-Bashir is wanted by the International Criminal Court for genocide and war crimes.^[27]

Aftermath

Emboldened by Trump's criticism of Iran, many Arab countries decided to take action against their perceived enemies. Bahrain began cracking down on its Shi'ite majority, killing 5 and arresting 286 people. Bahrain also shut down an independent newspaper and outlawed country's last opposition group.^[30]

On 5 June 2017, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Yemen, Egypt and Bahrain all announced they were cutting diplomatic ties with Qatar.^[30] Hamid Aboutalebi, deputy chief of staff of Iran's President Hassan Rouhani, tweeted, "What is happening is the preliminary result of the sword dance," referring to Trump's conduct at the Summit.^[31]^[32]

Popular culture

An image of King Salman, U.S. President Trump, and Egyptian President el-Sisi touching an illuminated globe (see above) sparked a brief commotion on the Internet, particularly the social media website Twitter. Users dubbed the globe "the Orb" and made reference to various popular culture objects, such as the Palantír from J. R. R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings series and "The Orb of Peace" from Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace.^[33]^[34] The Atlantic's James Parker later wrote that "Every presidency has iconic photographs. But there’s nothing else like this one."^[35]

Noticing that Americans wanted to have their picture taken with the orb, the Saudi government gave it to the US embassy as a gift. The orb was initially put on display there, but ultimately put into storage.^[36]

References

^ ^a ^b "Riyadh Summit 2017". Riyadh Summit 2017. Government of Saudi Arabia. Archived from the original on 2017-05-21. Retrieved 21 May 2017.
^ "Riyadh summit discusses ways of rooting out terrorism". Al Jazeera. 21 May 2017. Archived from the original on 21 May 2017. Retrieved 21 May 2017.
^ "Raw: President Trump Arrives in Saudi Arabia". YouTube. Associated Press. May 20, 2017. Archived from the original on October 15, 2017. Retrieved May 20, 2017. President Donald Trump and First Lady Melania Trump arrived in the Saudi capital Riyadh on Saturday. It is the president's first foreign visit since his inauguration. (May 20)
^ Rucker, Philip; DeYoung, Karen (May 20, 2017). "Trump gets elaborate welcome in Saudi Arabia as he embarks on first foreign trip". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on May 20, 2017. President Trump arrived here Saturday for his debut on the world stage [...] After Air Force One touched down in Riyadh shortly before 10 a.m. local time [...] Chatting through an interpreter, the two men sat for a cup of coffee inside the ornate V.I.P. reception terminal at King Khalid International Airport. Salman rode with Trump in the president's armored Cadillac for the drive into the city.
^ Baker, Peter (May 4, 2017). "Trump to Visit Saudi Arabia and Israel in First Foreign Trip". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 19, 2017. Retrieved May 5, 2017.
^ "The Latest: Trump to announce Saudi arms deal". The Palm Beach Post. May 20, 2017. Archived from the original on May 20, 2017. The king placed the Collar of Abdulaziz Al Saud around Trump's neck at a ceremony at the Royal Court in Riyadh.
^ "Raw: Trump Visits National Museum in Riyadh". YouTube. Associated Press. May 20, 2017. Archived from the original on October 15, 2017. Retrieved May 20, 2017.
^ ^a ^b "Trump signs largest arms deal in American history with Saudi Arabia". 2017-05-20. Archived from the original on 2017-05-21. Retrieved 2017-05-21.
^ "Fanfare And Deals Dominate Trump's First Day in Saudi Arabia". NPR. Archived from the original on 2017-05-21. Retrieved 2017-05-21.
^ "Trump hails huge Saudi arms deal as a jobs producer". McClatchy DC. Archived from the original on 2017-05-20. Retrieved 2017-05-21.
^ "Donald Trump to announce $350bn arms deal to Saudi Arabia – one of the largest in history". The Independent. 2017-05-17. Archived from the original on 2017-05-17. Retrieved 2017-05-21.
^ "What's the goal of America's arms deal with Saudi Arabia?". ABC News. 2017-05-21. Archived from the original on 2017-05-21. Retrieved 2017-05-21.
^ Lee, Carol E.; Stancati, Margherita (2017-05-20). "Donald Trump, Saudi Arabia Sign Agreements in Move to Counterbalance Iran". The Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Archived from the original on 2017-05-21. Retrieved 2017-05-21.
^ "Trump signs $110bn arms deal with Saudi Arabia". The Independent. 2017-05-20. Archived from the original on 2017-05-20. Retrieved 2017-05-21.
^ "What America's new arms deal with Saudi Arabia says about the Trump administration". Vox. 2017-05-20. Archived from the original on 2017-05-20. Retrieved 2017-05-21.
^ "Tillerson hails 'historic moment' in U.S.-Saudi relations". POLITICO. Archived from the original on 2017-05-20. Retrieved 2017-05-21.
^ David, Javier E. (2017-05-20). "US-Saudi Arabia ink historic 10-year weapons deal worth $350 billion as Trump begins visit". CNBC. Archived from the original on 2017-05-21. Retrieved 2017-05-21.
^ "Trump signs $110B defense deal, receives warm welcome in Saudi Arabia". United Press International. Archived from the original on 2017-05-21. Retrieved 2017-05-21.
^ "Global Center for Combating Extremism in Riyadh adopts unprecedented techniques". Al-Arabiya. 22 May 2017. Archived from the original on 22 May 2017. Retrieved 22 May 2017.
^ Hanson, Hillary (21 May 2017). "Trump Touched A Glowing Orb in Saudi Arabia And Folks Found It Just A Bit Odd". HuffPost. Archived from the original on 22 May 2017. Retrieved 22 May 2017.
^ Mansour, Massinissa (20 May 2017). "Algérie-Etats-Unis/Abdelkader Bensalah rencontre Donald Trump ce dimanche". Algérie Focus. Archived from the original on 20 May 2017. Retrieved 21 May 2017.
^ ^a ^b El-Said, Mohammed (21 May 2017). "Al-Sisi holds series of meetings on margins of the Islamic-American summit in Riyadh". Daily News Egypt. Archived from the original on 21 May 2017. Retrieved 21 May 2017.
^ "Gambia: President Barrow Leaves For Saudi Arabia". Jollof Media Network. 19 May 2017. Archived from the original on 10 June 2017. Retrieved 21 May 2017.
^ Finnegan, Connor (May 19, 2017). "What to watch for in President Trump's visit to Saudi Arabia". ABC News. Archived from the original on 21 May 2017. Retrieved 21 May 2017. Sunni Saudi Arabia did not invite Iraqi Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi, a Shiite, instead inviting the much less powerful Iraqi president Fuad Masum, a Sunni Kurd. The perceived insult was seen to alienate Abadi, a crucial partner in the international fight against ISIS, and as one former U.S. ambassador told ABC News, it betrays an American administration either too disorganized to notice or too naive to grasp the importance.
^ "Sommet de Riyad : Nasser Bourita représente le Maroc". Ya Biladi. 21 May 2017. Archived from the original on 15 October 2017. Retrieved 21 May 2017.
^ "Sayyid Fahd takes part in GCC-US Summit". Times of Oman. Oman News Agency. 21 May 2017. Archived from the original on 21 May 2017. Retrieved 21 May 2017.
^ ^a ^b Hensch, Mark (19 May 2017). "Sudan leader to miss Saudi summit with Trump". The Hill. Archived from the original on 15 October 2017. Retrieved 21 May 2017.
^ "Mirziyoyev to participate at meeting of Trump with Muslim leaders in Riyadh". Akipress. 19 May 2017. Archived from the original on 19 May 2017. Retrieved 21 May 2017.
^ Lahsini, Chaima (19 May 2017). "King Mohammed VI Cancels His Visits to Egypt and Saudi Arabia". Morocco World News. Archived from the original on 15 October 2017. Retrieved 21 May 2017.
^ ^a ^b Barnard, Anne; Kirkpatrick, David (June 5, 2017). "5 Arab States Break Ties With Qatar, Complicating U.S. Coalition-Building". The New York Times. Archived from the original on June 5, 2017. Retrieved June 5, 2017.
^ "Arab powers sever Qatar ties, widening rift among US allies". Archived from the original on 5 June 2017. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
^ "Saudi Arabia, Egypt lead Arab states cutting Qatar ties, Iran blames Trump". CNBC. AP, Reuters. 5 June 2017. Archived from the original on 5 June 2017. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
^ Beauchamp, Zack (22 May 2017). "The hilarious Trump orb photo is a nearly perfect metaphor for his foreign policy". Vox. Archived from the original on 18 December 2019. Retrieved 23 January 2020.
^ Hunt, Elle (22 May 2017). "'One orb to rule them all': image of Donald Trump and glowing globe perplexes internet". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 22 May 2017. Retrieved 23 January 2020.
^ Parker, James (13 January 2019). "When Donald Trump Touched the Magic Orb". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on 30 August 2019. Retrieved 23 January 2020.
^ Pengelly, Martin (2020-03-04). "'One orb, slightly used': MBS book reveals fate of Trump's mysterious Saudi sphere". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 2021-02-15. Retrieved 2020-03-04.

External links

Official website

[Summit_home_page-1] "Riyadh Summit 2017". Riyadh Summit 2017. Government of Saudi Arabia. Archived from the original on 2017-05-21. Retrieved 21 May 2017.

[AJ1-2] "Riyadh summit discusses ways of rooting out terrorism". Al Jazeera. 21 May 2017. Archived from the original on 21 May 2017. Retrieved 21 May 2017.

[3] "Raw: President Trump Arrives in Saudi Arabia". YouTube. Associated Press. May 20, 2017. Archived from the original on October 15, 2017. Retrieved May 20, 2017. President Donald Trump and First Lady Melania Trump arrived in the Saudi capital Riyadh on Saturday. It is the president's first foreign visit since his inauguration. (May 20)

[4] Rucker, Philip; DeYoung, Karen (May 20, 2017). "Trump gets elaborate welcome in Saudi Arabia as he embarks on first foreign trip". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on May 20, 2017. President Trump arrived here Saturday for his debut on the world stage [...] After Air Force One touched down in Riyadh shortly before 10 a.m. local time [...] Chatting through an interpreter, the two men sat for a cup of coffee inside the ornate V.I.P. reception terminal at King Khalid International Airport. Salman rode with Trump in the president's armored Cadillac for the drive into the city.

[first_foreign_trip-5] Baker, Peter (May 4, 2017). "Trump to Visit Saudi Arabia and Israel in First Foreign Trip". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 19, 2017. Retrieved May 5, 2017.

[6] "The Latest: Trump to announce Saudi arms deal". The Palm Beach Post. May 20, 2017. Archived from the original on May 20, 2017. The king placed the Collar of Abdulaziz Al Saud around Trump's neck at a ceremony at the Royal Court in Riyadh.

[7] "Raw: Trump Visits National Museum in Riyadh". YouTube. Associated Press. May 20, 2017. Archived from the original on October 15, 2017. Retrieved May 20, 2017.

[theweek.com-8] "Trump signs largest arms deal in American history with Saudi Arabia". 2017-05-20. Archived from the original on 2017-05-21. Retrieved 2017-05-21.

[9] "Fanfare And Deals Dominate Trump's First Day in Saudi Arabia". NPR. Archived from the original on 2017-05-21. Retrieved 2017-05-21.

[10] "Trump hails huge Saudi arms deal as a jobs producer". McClatchy DC. Archived from the original on 2017-05-20. Retrieved 2017-05-21.

[11] "Donald Trump to announce $350bn arms deal to Saudi Arabia – one of the largest in history". The Independent. 2017-05-17. Archived from the original on 2017-05-17. Retrieved 2017-05-21.

[12] "What's the goal of America's arms deal with Saudi Arabia?". ABC News. 2017-05-21. Archived from the original on 2017-05-21. Retrieved 2017-05-21.

[13] Lee, Carol E.; Stancati, Margherita (2017-05-20). "Donald Trump, Saudi Arabia Sign Agreements in Move to Counterbalance Iran". The Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Archived from the original on 2017-05-21. Retrieved 2017-05-21.

[14] "Trump signs $110bn arms deal with Saudi Arabia". The Independent. 2017-05-20. Archived from the original on 2017-05-20. Retrieved 2017-05-21.

[15] "What America's new arms deal with Saudi Arabia says about the Trump administration". Vox. 2017-05-20. Archived from the original on 2017-05-20. Retrieved 2017-05-21.

[16] "Tillerson hails 'historic moment' in U.S.-Saudi relations". POLITICO. Archived from the original on 2017-05-20. Retrieved 2017-05-21.

[17] David, Javier E. (2017-05-20). "US-Saudi Arabia ink historic 10-year weapons deal worth $350 billion as Trump begins visit". CNBC. Archived from the original on 2017-05-21. Retrieved 2017-05-21.

[18] "Trump signs $110B defense deal, receives warm welcome in Saudi Arabia". United Press International. Archived from the original on 2017-05-21. Retrieved 2017-05-21.

[19] "Global Center for Combating Extremism in Riyadh adopts unprecedented techniques". Al-Arabiya. 22 May 2017. Archived from the original on 22 May 2017. Retrieved 22 May 2017.

[HuffPoOrb-20] Hanson, Hillary (21 May 2017). "Trump Touched A Glowing Orb in Saudi Arabia And Folks Found It Just A Bit Odd". HuffPost. Archived from the original on 22 May 2017. Retrieved 22 May 2017.

[21] Mansour, Massinissa (20 May 2017). "Algérie-Etats-Unis/Abdelkader Bensalah rencontre Donald Trump ce dimanche". Algérie Focus. Archived from the original on 20 May 2017. Retrieved 21 May 2017.

[Egy1-22] El-Said, Mohammed (21 May 2017). "Al-Sisi holds series of meetings on margins of the Islamic-American summit in Riyadh". Daily News Egypt. Archived from the original on 21 May 2017. Retrieved 21 May 2017.

[Gambia-23] "Gambia: President Barrow Leaves For Saudi Arabia". Jollof Media Network. 19 May 2017. Archived from the original on 10 June 2017. Retrieved 21 May 2017.

[24] Finnegan, Connor (May 19, 2017). "What to watch for in President Trump's visit to Saudi Arabia". ABC News. Archived from the original on 21 May 2017. Retrieved 21 May 2017. Sunni Saudi Arabia did not invite Iraqi Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi, a Shiite, instead inviting the much less powerful Iraqi president Fuad Masum, a Sunni Kurd. The perceived insult was seen to alienate Abadi, a crucial partner in the international fight against ISIS, and as one former U.S. ambassador told ABC News, it betrays an American administration either too disorganized to notice or too naive to grasp the importance.

[25] "Sommet de Riyad : Nasser Bourita représente le Maroc". Ya Biladi. 21 May 2017. Archived from the original on 15 October 2017. Retrieved 21 May 2017.

[TimesOman-26] "Sayyid Fahd takes part in GCC-US Summit". Times of Oman. Oman News Agency. 21 May 2017. Archived from the original on 21 May 2017. Retrieved 21 May 2017.

[Hill1-27] Hensch, Mark (19 May 2017). "Sudan leader to miss Saudi summit with Trump". The Hill. Archived from the original on 15 October 2017. Retrieved 21 May 2017.

[28] "Mirziyoyev to participate at meeting of Trump with Muslim leaders in Riyadh". Akipress. 19 May 2017. Archived from the original on 19 May 2017. Retrieved 21 May 2017.

[MWN-29] Lahsini, Chaima (19 May 2017). "King Mohammed VI Cancels His Visits to Egypt and Saudi Arabia". Morocco World News. Archived from the original on 15 October 2017. Retrieved 21 May 2017.

[nytimes-30] Barnard, Anne; Kirkpatrick, David (June 5, 2017). "5 Arab States Break Ties With Qatar, Complicating U.S. Coalition-Building". The New York Times. Archived from the original on June 5, 2017. Retrieved June 5, 2017.

[yahoo1-31] "Arab powers sever Qatar ties, widening rift among US allies". Archived from the original on 5 June 2017. Retrieved 5 June 2017.

[autogenerated1-32] "Saudi Arabia, Egypt lead Arab states cutting Qatar ties, Iran blames Trump". CNBC. AP, Reuters. 5 June 2017. Archived from the original on 5 June 2017. Retrieved 5 June 2017.

[33] Beauchamp, Zack (22 May 2017). "The hilarious Trump orb photo is a nearly perfect metaphor for his foreign policy". Vox. Archived from the original on 18 December 2019. Retrieved 23 January 2020.

[34] Hunt, Elle (22 May 2017). "'One orb to rule them all': image of Donald Trump and glowing globe perplexes internet". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 22 May 2017. Retrieved 23 January 2020.

[35] Parker, James (13 January 2019). "When Donald Trump Touched the Magic Orb". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on 30 August 2019. Retrieved 23 January 2020.

[36] Pengelly, Martin (2020-03-04). "'One orb, slightly used': MBS book reveals fate of Trump's mysterious Saudi sphere". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 2021-02-15. Retrieved 2020-03-04.

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v t e Donald Trump
45th (2017–2021) and 47th (beginning 2025) President of the United States
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v t e Saudi Arabia–United States relations
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Diplomacy	Operation Hajji Baba United States Military Training Mission Saudi Arabian National Guard Modernization Program Safari Club Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict Arab–Israeli alliance U.S. support for Saudi-led operations in Yemen 2017 United States–Saudi Arabia arms deal 2017 Riyadh summit International Maritime Security Construct Treaty of Jeddah (2023)
Incidents	1973 attack on the Saudi Embassy in Khartoum US–Saudi Arabia AWACS Sale Saudi Arabia v. Nelson Khobar Towers bombing September 11 attacks Alleged Saudi role In re Terrorist Attacks on September 11, 2001 Justice Against Sponsors of Terrorism Act Saudi Guantanamo Bay detainees Homaidan Al-Turki United States diplomatic cables leak 2011 alleged Iran assassination plot Jeff Bezos phone hacking incident Assassination of Jamal Khashoggi Naval Air Station Pensacola shooting
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Category:Saudi Arabia–United States relations