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{{Short description|Druk Gyalpo of Bhutan from 1926 to 1952}}
⚫
{{Infobox Monarch
{{distinguish|Jigme Wangchuk}}
| name = Jigme Wangchuck<br/>[[Image:Jigme Wangchuck Name.svg]]
⚫
{{Infobox royalty
| title = 2nd [[List of rulers of Bhutan|Druk Gyalpo]]
| image = Bhutan-Jigme-Wangchuck.jpg
| name = Jigme Wangchuk<br />[[File:Jigme Wangchuck Name.svg]]
| caption =
| image = Bhutan-Jigme-Wangchuck.jpg
| succession = [[Druk Gyalpo|King of Bhutan]]
| caption =
| succession = [[Druk Gyalpo|King of Bhutan]]
| reign = 26 August 1926 – 30 March 1952
| reign = 26 August 1926 – 30 March 1952
| coronation = 14 March 1927 <ref name="Royal Ark">[http://www.royalark.net/Bhutan/bhutan3.htm Royal Ark]</ref>
| coronation = 14 March 1927<ref name="LD32" />
| predecessor = [[Ugyen Wangchuck]]
| predecessor = [[Ugyen Wangchuck]]
| successor = [[Jigme Dorji Wangchuck]]
| successor = [[Jigme Dorji Wangchuck]]
| spouse = 1st consort-[[Phuntsho Choden]]<br/>2nd consort-Pema Dechen
| spouse = 1st consort-[[Phuntsho Choden]]<br/>2nd consort-[[Pema Dechen]]
| issue = King [[Jigme Dorji Wangchuck]]<br>Prince Namgyal Wangchuck <br/> Princess Choki Ongmo Wangchuck <br/> Princess Deki Yangzom Wangchuck <br/> Princess Pema Choden Wangchuck
| issue = King [[Jigme Dorji Wangchuck]]<br/>Princess Choki Wangmo Wangchuck<br/>Prince Namgyel Wangchuck<br/>Princess Deki Yangzom Wangchuck <br/>Princess Pema Choden Wangchuck
| royal house = [[House of Wangchuck]]
| royal house = [[House of Wangchuck]]
| father = [[Ugyen Wangchuck]]
| father = [[Ugyen Wangchuck]]
| mother = Tsundue Pema Lhamo
| mother = [[Tsundue Pema Lhamo]]
| birth_date = 1905
| birth_date = 1905
| birth_place =
| birth_place = Thinley Rabten Palace
| death_date = {{death date|1952|3|30|df=y}} (aged 46-47)
| death_date = {{death date|1952|3|30|df=y}} (aged 47)
| death_place = Kunga Rabten Palace, Mandelung, [[Bumthang District|Bumthang]]
| death_place = Kuenga Rabten Palace, [[Dragteng Gewog]], [[Trongsa District|Trongsa]]<ref>[https://www.bhutanculturalatlas.org/1113/culture/sites-structures/dzongs-palaces/kuenga-rabten-palace/ www.bhutanculturalatlas.org]</ref>
| place of burial= Cremated at [[Kurjey Lhakhang]]
| place of burial = Cremated at [[Kurjey Lhakhang]]
| religion = [[Buddhism]]
| religion = [[Buddhism]]
}}
}}
[[File:Picture of king Jigme Wangchuck at Thimpu airport Bhutan.jpg|alt=Picture of King Jigme Wangchuck at Paro International Airport|thumb|Picture of Dragon King Jigme Wangchuck at [[Paro International Airport]]]]
⚫
{{Wangchuck Kings of Bhutan}}
'''Jigme Wangchuck''' ({{langx|dz|འཇིགས་མེད་དབང་ཕྱུག}}, {{bo|w=’jigs med dbang phyug}}; 1905 – 30 March 1952) was the ([[Dzongkha]] འབྲུག་རྒྱལ་གཉིས་པ) 2nd [[Druk Gyalpo]] [[Bhutan|or]] king of [[Bhutan]] from 26 August 1926, until his death. He pursued legal and infrastructural reform during his reign. Bhutan continued to maintain almost complete isolation from the outside world during this period; its only foreign relations were with the [[British Raj]] in [[India]], under which Bhutan was a [[protected state]]. He was succeeded by his son, [[Jigme Dorji Wangchuck]].


==Early life==
'''Jigme Wangchuck''' ([[Dzongkha]]: འཇིགས་མེད་དབང་ཕྱུག, [[Wylie transliteration|Wylie]]: '' 'jigs med dbang phyug''; 1905 – 30 March 1952) was the second [[Druk Gyalpo]] or king of [[Bhutan]] from 21 August 1926, until his death. He was the eldest son of King [[Ugyen Wangchuck]] and was educated in English, Hindi and Buddhist literature.
Jigme Wangchuck was born in 1905, at the Thinley Rabten Palace in [[Wangdue Phodrang District]]. He received his education at [[Wangdecholing Palace]], where he learned English and Hindi and received a religious education.<ref name="LD30">Lham Dorji, p. 30</ref> As the first son of [[Ugyen Wangchuck]], Jigme was expected to succeed his father; accordingly, he was given the title [[Penlop of Trongsa]] in 1923.<ref name="LD31">Lham Dorji, p. 31</ref>


==Reign==
⚫
{{Wangchuck Kings of Bhutan}}
Jigme Wangchuck ascended to the throne in 1926, after the death of Ugyen Wangchuck; he received his formal coronation in [[Punakha]] on March 14, 1927.<ref name="LD32">Lham Dorji, p. 32</ref> He primarily focused his energies on internal construction and infrastructure projects: for instance, Jigme oversaw the renovation of [[dzong]]s and monasteries in eastern Bhutan,<ref name="LD35">Lham Dorji, p. 35</ref> and founded and renovated several schools in the country.<ref name="LD39">Lham Dorji, p. 39</ref> He also built several royal residences, including the Kuenga Rabten winter palace in [[Trongsa]] and additional residences at Samdrupcholing and Domkhar.<ref name="LD33">Lham Dorji, p. 33</ref> Jigme was interested in other infrastructural projects, such as improving roads and modernizing medical facilities, but was unable to pursue those projects due to a lack of revenue.<ref name="LD38">Lham Dorji, p. 38</ref> Jigme also paid close attention to the administration of Bhutan's laws. He discouraged capital punishment for all crimes besides murder, reduced the judicial fees on the citizenry, and allowed citizens to call on him to appeal the judgments of lower officials.<ref>Lham Dorji, pp. 44–45</ref>

Jigme's foreign policy was primarily isolationist, though he followed his father in maintaining friendly relations with the [[British Raj]]. When World War II broke out, Jigme sent 100,000 rupees to the Raj as a gesture of goodwill. In return, the Raj protected Bhutan's isolation by preventing Westerners from visiting the country.<ref>Lham Dorji, pp. 36–37</ref> After [[Partition of India|India became independent]], Jigme sent a delegation to initiate diplomatic relations between India and Bhutan; this meeting led to the [[Bhutan–India relations#1949 treaty|1949 friendship treaty]] between the two nations, in which Bhutan agreed to let India "guide" its foreign policy. This treaty also saw India paying an annual subsidy to Bhutan and handing over 32 square miles of land in [[Dewangiri]].<ref>Lham Dorji, pp. 37–38</ref>


Early in 1952, Jigme fell ill, and witnessed omens that convinced him he would die. Consequently, he resolved to spend his last days practicing archery, which was one of his favorite pastimes; however, his condition deteriorated during this time, and after ten days he had become too sick to continue with archery. He retired to the Kuenga Rabten Palace, where he died on March 30.<ref name="LD45">Lham Dorji, p. 45</ref>
⚫
Under his reign, Bhutan continued to maintain almost complete isolation from the outside world, maintaining only limited relations with the [[British Raj]] in [[India]]. He was succeeded by his son, [[Jigme Dorji Wangchuck]].<ref>[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Lham_Dorji/publication/262373968_WANGCHUCK_DYNASTY_100_Years_of_Enlightened_Monarchy_in_Bhutan/links/0deec5376bf6ebc25e000000.pdf WANGCHUCK DYNASTY. 100 Years of Enlightened Monarchy in Bhutan. Lham Dorji]</ref>


==Children==
==Children==
HM The Second King, Jigme Wangchuck, has 5 children:
The Second King, Jigme Wangchuck, had five children with his two cross cousins, ''Ashi'' [[Phuntsho Choden]] and her sister, ''Ashi'' [[Pema Dechen]]:


* The Third King [[Jigme Dorji Wangchuck]] (by his first wife).
* The Third King (Druk Gyalpo) [[Jigme Dorji Wangchuck]] (by his first wife).
* Prince (Druk Gyalsey) Namgyal Wangchuck (by his second wife).
* Princess (Druk Gyalsem) Choki Wangmo Wangchuck (by his second wife).
* Princess (Druk Gyalsem) Choki Ongmo Wangchuck (by his second wife).
* Prince (Druk Gyalsey) Namgyel Wangchuck, 26th ''[[Penlop]]'' of [[Paro District|Paro]] (by his second wife).
* Princess (Druk Gyalsem) Deki Yangzom Wangchuck(by his second wife).
* Princess (Druk Gyalsem) Deki Yangzom Wangchuck (by his second wife).
* Princess (Druk Gyalsem) Pema Choden Wangchuck (by his second wife).
* Princess (Druk Gyalsem) Pema Choden Wangchuck (by his second wife).


Princess (Druk Gyalsem) Choki Ongmo Wangchuck has two daughters, ''Ashi'' Deki Choden and ''Ashi'' Sonam Yulgyal.
Princess Choki Wangmo Wangchuck had two daughters, ''Ashi'' Deki Choden and ''Ashi'' Sonam Yulgyal.


Princess (Druk Gyalsem) Deki Yangzom Wangchuck has five children; ''Ashi'' Lhazen Nizal Rica, ''Dasho'' Jigme Namgyal, ''Dasho'' Wangchuck Dorji Namgyal, ''Ashi'' Yiwang Pindarica and ''Ashi'' Namzay Kumutha.
Princess Pema Choden Wangchuck had four children; ''Ashi'' Namden, ''Dasho'' Namgyel Dawa ([[Tulku]] Namgyel [[Rinpoche]]), ''Dasho'' Wangchen Dawa ([[Kathok Monastery|Kathok]] Situ [[Rinpoche]]) and ''Dasho'' Leon Rabten.


Princess (Druk Gyalsem) Pema Choden Wangchuck has four children; ''Ashi'' Namden, ''Dasho'' Namgyal Dawa (Tulku Namgyal Rimpoche), ''Dasho'' Wangchen Dawa (Kathok Situ Rinpoche) and ''Dasho'' Leon Rabten.
Princess Deki Yangzom Wangchuck had six children; ''Ashi'' Lhazen Nizal Rica, ''Dasho'' Jigme Namgyal, ''Dasho'' Wangchuck Dorji Namgyal, ''Ashi'' Yiwang Pindarica, ''Ashi'' Namzay Kumutha and the late ''Ashi'' Dechen.


==Honours==
==Honours==
=== National honours ===
=== National honours ===
* {{Flag|Bhutan}} :
* {{Flag|Bhutan|1949}}:
** [[File:Maharaja Ugyen Wangchuck Medal.gif|50px]] Maharaja Ugyen Wangchuck Medal 1st class in gold (17/11/1909).<ref name="Royal Ark"/>
** [[File:Maharaja Ugyen Wangchuck Medal.gif|70px]] Maharaja Ugyen Wangchuck Medal 1st class in gold (17/11/1909).{{citation needed|date=June 2020}}


=== Foreign honours ===
=== Foreign honours ===
⚫
* {{Flag|British Raj}}:

⚫
** [[File:Order of the Indian Empire Ribbon.svg|70px]] Honorary Knight Commander of the [[Order of the Indian Empire]] (KCIE - 03/06/1930).<ref>[http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/33611/supplements/3477 London Gazette, 3 June 1930]</ref>
⚫
* {{Flag|British Raj}} :
⚫
** [[File:Order of the Indian Empire Ribbon.svg|70px]] Companion of the [[Order of the Indian Empire]] (CIE - 11/03/1927).<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/33256/pages/1601 |access-date=2011-08-11 |date=1927-03-11 |title=Central Chancery of the Orders of Knighthood |newspaper=[[London Gazette]] |volume=33256 |page=1601 |format=PDF}}</ref>
** [[File:King George V Coronation Medal ribbon.png|50px]] [[Delhi Durbar]] Silver Medal (12/12/1911).<ref name="Royal Ark"/>
** [[File:King George V Coronation Medal ribbon.png|70px]] [[Delhi Durbar Medal (1911)|Delhi Durbar Silver Medal]] (12/12/1911).{{citation needed|date=June 2020}}
⚫
** [[File:Order of the Indian Empire Ribbon.svg|50px]] Companion of the [[Order of the Indian Empire]] (CIE - 11/03/1927).<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/33256/pages/1601 |accessdate=2011-08-11 |date=1927-03-11 |title=Central Chancery of the Orders of Knighthood |publisher=[[London Gazette]] |volume=33256 |page=1601 |format=PDF}}</ref>
⚫
** [[File:Order of the Indian Empire Ribbon.svg|50px]] Honorary Knight Commander of the [[Order of the Indian Empire]] (KCIE - 03/06/1930).<ref>[http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/33611/supplements/3477 London Gazette, 3 June 1930]</ref>
* {{Flag|United Kingdom}} :
* {{Flag|United Kingdom}} :
** [[File:GeorgeVSilverJubileum-ribbon.png|50px]] [[King George V Silver Jubilee Medal]] (06/05/1935).<ref name="Royal Ark"/>
** [[File:GeorgeVSilverJubileum-ribbon.png|70px]] Recipient of the [[King George V Silver Jubilee Medal]] (06/05/1935).{{citation needed|date=June 2020}}
** [[File:GeorgeVICoronationRibbon.png|50px]] [[King George VI Coronation Medal]] (12/05/1937).<ref name="Royal Ark"/>
** [[File:GeorgeVICoronationRibbon.png|70px]] Recipient of the [[King George VI Coronation Medal]] (12/05/1937).{{citation needed|date=June 2020}}


==Ancestry==
==Ancestry==
{{ahnentafel top|width=100%}}
{{ahnentafel
|collapsed=yes |align=center
{{ahnentafel-compact5
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|boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc;
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|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;
|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;
|boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;
|boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;
|boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe;
|1= 1. '''Jigme Wangchuck'''
|1= 1. '''Jigme Wangchuck'''
|2= 2. [[Ugyen Wangchuck]]
|2= 2. [[Ugyen Wangchuck]]
|3= 3. Tsundue Pema Lhamo
|3= 3. [[Tsundue Pema Lhamo]]
|4= 4. [[Jigme Namgyal (Bhutan)|Jigme Namgyal, 10th ''Trongsa Penlop'' and 48th ''Druk Desi'']]
|4= 4. [[Jigme Namgyal (Bhutan)|Jigme Namgyal, 10th ''Trongsa Penlop'' and 48th ''Druk Desi'']]
|5= 5. Pema Choki
|5= 5. Pema Choki
|6= 6. Kunzang Thinley, ''[[Dzongpen|Dzongpon]]'' of [[Thimphu District|Thimphu]]
|6= 6. Kunzang Thinley, ''[[Dzongpen|Dzongpon]]'' of [[Thimphu District|Thimphu]]
|7= 7. Sangay Drolma
|7= 7. Sangay Drolma
|8= 8. Pila Gonpo Wangyal (= 24)
|8= 8. Pila Gonpo Wangyal
|9= 9. Sonam Pedzom (= 25)
|9= 9. Sonam Pedzom
|10= 10. Ugyen Phuntsho, 8th ''[[Penlop of Trongsa|Trongsa Penlop]]''
|10= 10. Ugyen Phuntsho, 8th ''[[Penlop of Trongsa|Trongsa Penlop]]''
|11= 11. Rinchen Pelmo
|11= 11. Rinchen Pelmo
|12= 12. Dungkar Gyeltsen, 12th ''[[Penlop of Trongsa|Trongsa Penlop]]''
|12= 12. Dungkar Gyeltshen, 11th ''[[Penlop of Trongsa|Trongsa Penlop]]''
|13=
|13=
|14= 14. Kencho Wangdu
|14= 14. Kencho Wangdu
|15=
|15=
|16= 16. Padma
|17=
|18=
|19=
|20=
|21=
|22= 22. Sonam Drugyel, 31st ''[[Druk Desi]]''
|23=
|24= 24. Pila Gonpo Wangyal (= 8)
|25= 25. Sonam Pedzom (= 9)
|26=
|27=
|28=
|29=
|30=
|31=
}}
}}
{{ahnentafel bottom}}


==See also==
==See also==
Line 107: Line 93:


==References==
==References==
*[http://www.royalark.net/Bhutan/bhutan2.htm Royal Ark] The Wangchuk Dynasty GENEALOGY
*[http://www.royalark.net/Bhutan/bhutan3.htm Royal Ark] The Wangchuk Dynasty GENEALOGY

;Notes
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
⚫
* Lham Dorji. ''[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Lham_Dorji/publication/262373968_WANGCHUCK_DYNASTY_100_Years_of_Enlightened_Monarchy_in_Bhutan/links/0deec5376bf6ebc25e000000.pdf Wangchuck Dynasty: 100 Years of Enlightened Monarchy in Bhutan]''. Center for Bhutan Studies, 1998.


{{s-start}}
{{s-start}}
{{s-hou|[[House of Wangchuck]]||1905/1906||30 March 1952}}
{{s-hou|[[House of Wangchuck]]||1905||30 March 1952}}
{{s-reg|}}
{{s-reg|}}
{{succession box
{{succession box
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}}
}}
{{s-end}}
{{s-end}}
{{Rulers of Bhutan}}

{{History of Bhutan}}
{{History of Bhutan}}


{{authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Wangchuck, Jigme}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Wangchuck, Jigme}}
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[[Category:Honorary Knights Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire]]
[[Category:Honorary Knights Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire]]
[[Category:Buddhist monarchs]]
[[Category:Buddhist monarchs]]
[[Category:House of Wangchuck]]
[[Category:Wangchuck dynasty]]
[[Category:Companions of the Order of the Indian Empire]]
[[Category:Companions of the Order of the Indian Empire]]
[[Category:Bhutanese recipients of British honours]]


{{Bhutan-bio-stub}}
{{Asia-royal-stub}}

Latest revision as of 09:01, 6 December 2024

Not to be confused with Jigme Wangchuk.
Jigme Wangchuk
King of Bhutan
Reign26 August 1926 – 30 March 1952
Coronation14 March 1927[1]
PredecessorUgyen Wangchuck
SuccessorJigme Dorji Wangchuck
Born1905
Thinley Rabten Palace
Died(1952-03-30)30 March 1952 (aged 47)
Kuenga Rabten Palace, Dragteng Gewog, Trongsa[2]
Burial
Cremated at Kurjey Lhakhang
Spouse1st consort-Phuntsho Choden
2nd consort-Pema Dechen
IssueKing Jigme Dorji Wangchuck
Princess Choki Wangmo Wangchuck
Prince Namgyel Wangchuck
Princess Deki Yangzom Wangchuck
Princess Pema Choden Wangchuck
HouseHouse of Wangchuck
FatherUgyen Wangchuck
MotherTsundue Pema Lhamo
ReligionBuddhism
Picture of King Jigme Wangchuck at Paro International Airport
Picture of Dragon King Jigme Wangchuck at Paro International Airport
Kings of the Wangchuck dynasty
Ugyen
Reign: 1907–1926
Jigme
Reign: 1926–1952
Jigme Dorji
Reign: 1952–1972
Jigme Singye
Reign: 1972–2006
Jigme Khesar Namgyel
Reign: 2006–present

Jigme Wangchuck (Dzongkha: འཇིགས་མེད་དབང་ཕྱུག, Wylie: ’jigs med dbang phyug; 1905 – 30 March 1952) was the (Dzongkha འབྲུག་རྒྱལ་གཉིས་པ) 2nd Druk Gyalpo or king of Bhutan from 26 August 1926, until his death. He pursued legal and infrastructural reform during his reign. Bhutan continued to maintain almost complete isolation from the outside world during this period; its only foreign relations were with the British Raj in India, under which Bhutan was a protected state. He was succeeded by his son, Jigme Dorji Wangchuck.

Early life

[edit]

Jigme Wangchuck was born in 1905, at the Thinley Rabten Palace in Wangdue Phodrang District. He received his education at Wangdecholing Palace, where he learned English and Hindi and received a religious education.[3] As the first son of Ugyen Wangchuck, Jigme was expected to succeed his father; accordingly, he was given the title Penlop of Trongsa in 1923.[4]

Reign

[edit]

Jigme Wangchuck ascended to the throne in 1926, after the death of Ugyen Wangchuck; he received his formal coronation in Punakha on March 14, 1927.[1] He primarily focused his energies on internal construction and infrastructure projects: for instance, Jigme oversaw the renovation of dzongs and monasteries in eastern Bhutan,[5] and founded and renovated several schools in the country.[6] He also built several royal residences, including the Kuenga Rabten winter palace in Trongsa and additional residences at Samdrupcholing and Domkhar.[7] Jigme was interested in other infrastructural projects, such as improving roads and modernizing medical facilities, but was unable to pursue those projects due to a lack of revenue.[8] Jigme also paid close attention to the administration of Bhutan's laws. He discouraged capital punishment for all crimes besides murder, reduced the judicial fees on the citizenry, and allowed citizens to call on him to appeal the judgments of lower officials.[9]

Jigme's foreign policy was primarily isolationist, though he followed his father in maintaining friendly relations with the British Raj. When World War II broke out, Jigme sent 100,000 rupees to the Raj as a gesture of goodwill. In return, the Raj protected Bhutan's isolation by preventing Westerners from visiting the country.[10] After India became independent, Jigme sent a delegation to initiate diplomatic relations between India and Bhutan; this meeting led to the 1949 friendship treaty between the two nations, in which Bhutan agreed to let India "guide" its foreign policy. This treaty also saw India paying an annual subsidy to Bhutan and handing over 32 square miles of land in Dewangiri.[11]

Early in 1952, Jigme fell ill, and witnessed omens that convinced him he would die. Consequently, he resolved to spend his last days practicing archery, which was one of his favorite pastimes; however, his condition deteriorated during this time, and after ten days he had become too sick to continue with archery. He retired to the Kuenga Rabten Palace, where he died on March 30.[12]

Children

[edit]

The Second King, Jigme Wangchuck, had five children with his two cross cousins, Ashi Phuntsho Choden and her sister, Ashi Pema Dechen:

  • The Third King (Druk Gyalpo) Jigme Dorji Wangchuck (by his first wife).
  • Princess (Druk Gyalsem) Choki Wangmo Wangchuck (by his second wife).
  • Prince (Druk Gyalsey) Namgyel Wangchuck, 26th Penlop of Paro (by his second wife).
  • Princess (Druk Gyalsem) Deki Yangzom Wangchuck (by his second wife).
  • Princess (Druk Gyalsem) Pema Choden Wangchuck (by his second wife).

Princess Choki Wangmo Wangchuck had two daughters, Ashi Deki Choden and Ashi Sonam Yulgyal.

Princess Pema Choden Wangchuck had four children; Ashi Namden, Dasho Namgyel Dawa (Tulku Namgyel Rinpoche), Dasho Wangchen Dawa (Kathok Situ Rinpoche) and Dasho Leon Rabten.

Princess Deki Yangzom Wangchuck had six children; Ashi Lhazen Nizal Rica, Dasho Jigme Namgyal, Dasho Wangchuck Dorji Namgyal, Ashi Yiwang Pindarica, Ashi Namzay Kumutha and the late Ashi Dechen.

Honours

[edit]

National honours

[edit]

Foreign honours

[edit]

Ancestry

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Lham Dorji, p. 32
  2. ^ www.bhutanculturalatlas.org
  3. ^ Lham Dorji, p. 30
  4. ^ Lham Dorji, p. 31
  5. ^ Lham Dorji, p. 35
  6. ^ Lham Dorji, p. 39
  7. ^ Lham Dorji, p. 33
  8. ^ Lham Dorji, p. 38
  9. ^ Lham Dorji, pp. 44–45
  10. ^ Lham Dorji, pp. 36–37
  11. ^ Lham Dorji, pp. 37–38
  12. ^ Lham Dorji, p. 45
  13. ^ London Gazette, 3 June 1930
  14. ^ "Central Chancery of the Orders of Knighthood" (PDF). London Gazette. Vol. 33256. 1927-03-11. p. 1601. Retrieved 2011-08-11.

Further reading

[edit]
Jigme Wangchuck
Born: 1905 Died: 30 March 1952
Regnal titles
Preceded by King of Bhutan
1926–1952 		Succeeded by
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Jigme_Wangchuck&oldid=1261479485"