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{{Redirect|Atsuhime|NHK drama|Atsuhime (drama)}}
{{Redirect|Atsuhime|NHK drama|Atsuhime (TV series)}}
{{Infobox person
{{Infobox officeholder
|name = Tenshōin<br>天璋院
|name = Tenshō-in<br>天璋院
|image = Tensyoin.jpg
|image = Tenshō-in Atsuhime Photo.png
|alt =
|caption =
| relations = [[Shimazu Nariakira]] (adoptive father) <br> [[Konoe Tadahiro]] (adoptive father)
|caption = Tenshōin
| spouse = [[Tokugawa Iesada]]
| office = [[Midaidokoro]]
| predecessor = Ichijo Hideko
| successor = [[Princess Kazu]]
|birth_date = {{Birth date|1836|02|05}}
|birth_date = {{Birth date|1836|02|05}}
|birth_place = [[Kagoshima]], [[Satsuma Domain]] [[Japan]]
|birth_place = [[Kagoshima]], [[Satsuma Domain]] [[Japan]]
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|death_place = Tokyo, Japan
|death_place = Tokyo, Japan
|nationality = Japanese
|nationality = Japanese
|other_names = {{Plainlist|
|other_names = *Atsu-hime<br/>*Fujiwara no Sumiko<br/>*Tenshoin-dono Jusanmi Yukinori Tesedaishi (Kaimyo)<br/>* Genji Minamoto no Atsuko
* Okatsu
* Atsu-hime
* Fujiwara no Sumiko
* Tenshō-in-dono Jusanmi
* Genji Minamoto no Atsuko}}
|known_for =
|known_for =
|occupation =
|occupation =
}}
}}


{{nihongo|'''Tenshōin'''|天璋院||extra=February 5, 1836 &ndash; November 20, 1883}}, also known as {{nihongo|Atsuko|篤子}}, was the [[Seishitsu|wife]] of {{nihongo|[[Tokugawa Iesada]]|徳川 家定}}, the 13th [[Shogun]] of the [[Tokugawa shogunate]] of [[Japan]]
{{nihongo|'''Tenshō-in'''|天璋院||extra=February 5, 1836 – November 20, 1883}}, also known as '''{{nihongo|Atsuko|篤子}}''', was the [[Seishitsu|official wife]] of {{nihongo|[[Tokugawa Iesada]]|徳川 家定}}, the 13th ''[[shōgun]]'' of the [[Tokugawa shogunate]] of [[Japan]].


She was the daughter of Lady Oyuki and {{nihongo|[[Shimazu Tadatake]]|島津忠剛}}, who was the head of the {{nihongo|Imaizumi Shimazu|今和泉島津}} branch of the [[Shimazu clan|Shimazu]] in [[Satsuma Domain|Satsuma]].
She was the daughter of Lady Oyuki and {{nihongo|[[Shimazu Tadatake]]|島津忠剛}}, who was the head of the {{nihongo|Imaizumi Shimazu|今和泉島津}} branch of the [[Shimazu clan|Shimazu]] in [[Satsuma Domain|Satsuma]].


She was originally named {{nihongo|Katsu|一}} by her parents. When she was adopted by [[Shimazu Nariakira]], her name was changed to {{nihongo|Atsuko|篤子}} or Atsu-hime because Shimazu Nariakira was a [[daimyō]], and later to {{nihongo|Fujiwara no Sumiko|藤原の敬子}} upon her adoption by [[Konoe Tadahiro]].
She was originally named {{nihongo|Okatsu|於一}} by her parents. When she was adopted by [[Shimazu Nariakira]], her name was changed to {{nihongo|Atsuko|篤子}} or {{nihongo|'''Atsu-hime'''|篤姫}} ("Lady Atsu") and later to {{nihongo|Fujiwara no Sumiko|藤原敬子}} upon her adoption by [[Konoe Tadahiro]].

It is said that Tenshoin liked dogs while her husband did not, so when she lived in [[Ooku]] she kept two cats, Michihime and Satohime.


==Biography==
==Biography==
[[File:Tenshoin by Kawamura Kiyoo.jpg|thumb|Portrait of Tensho-in by Kawamura Kiyoo]]
Tenshōin was born in [[Kagoshima]] in 1835. In 1853, she became the adopted daughter of Shimazu Nariakira. On August 21, 1853, she travelled by land from Kagoshima via [[Kokura]] to the Edo jurisdiction, never to return to Kagoshima again.
Tenshōin was born in [[Kagoshima]] in 1835. In 1853, she became the adopted daughter of Shimazu Nariakira. On August 21, 1853, she travelled by land from Kagoshima via [[Kokura]] to the Edo jurisdiction, never to return to Kagoshima again.


Atsuko was thought to have been sent to [[Edo castle]] with the aim of helping Shimazu Nariakira politically. The question of the next heir to the Shogunate was divided between the choice of [[Tokugawa Yoshinobu]], then head of the [[Hitotsubashi-Tokugawa]] house and Tokugawa Yoshitomi, then head of [[Kii-Tokugawa]] house and later known as [[Tokugawa Iemochi]]. In order to ensure that Yoshinobu became the next in succession, Atsuko was arranged to wed into the [[Tokugawa clan]].
Atsuko was thought to have been sent to [[Edo Castle]] with the aim of helping Shimazu Nariakira politically. The question of the next heir to the shogunate was divided between the choice of [[Tokugawa Yoshinobu]], then head of the [[Gosankyō|Hitotsubashi-Tokugawa]] house and [[Tokugawa Iemochi|Tokugawa Yoshitomi]], then head of [[Gosanke|Kii-Tokugawa]] house. In order to ensure that Yoshinobu became the next in succession, Atsuko was arranged to wed into the [[Tokugawa clan]].


On 18 November 1856, Atsuko married [[Tokugawa Iesada]] and became a [[Midaidokoro]]. In 1858, both [[Tokugawa Iesada]] and Shimazu Nariakira died. The 14th shogun was decided to be Iesada's cousin and adopted son, [[Tokugawa Iemochi]]. Following the demise of her husband, Atsuko took the tonsure, becoming a Buddhist nun, and took the name Tenshōin on 26 August 1858, and she was given [[Junior Third Rank]]. In 1862, as part of the [[Kōbu Gattai]] ("Union of Court and Bakufu") movement, Iemochi was married to Imperial Princess [[Kazu-no-Miya Chikako]] daughter of [[Emperor Ninkō]], and younger sister of [[Emperor Kōmei]]. The Satsuma clan brought up the request for Tenshōin to return to Satsuma, but was rejected by Tenshōin herself. In 1866, Iemochi died. Tokugawa Yoshinobu became the next shogun. During the Meiji Restoration, Tenshōin and her daughter in law, Seikan'in (Kazu-no-Miya's name after tonsure) helped negotiate for the [[Fall of Edo|peaceful surrender of Edo Castle]].
On 18 November 1856, Atsuko married [[Tokugawa Iesada]] and became a [[Midaidokoro]]. In 1858, both [[Tokugawa Iesada]] and Shimazu Nariakira died. The 14th ''shōgun'' was decided to be Iesada's cousin and adopted son, [[Tokugawa Iemochi]]. Following the demise of her husband, Atsuko took the tonsure, becoming a Buddhist nun, and took the name Tenshōin on 26 August 1858, and she was given [[Junior Third Rank]]. In 1862, as part of the [[Kōbu Gattai]] ("Union of Court and Bakufu") movement, Iemochi was married to Imperial Princess [[Kazu-no-Miya Chikako]] daughter of [[Emperor Ninkō]], and younger sister of [[Emperor Kōmei]]. The Satsuma clan brought up the request for Tenshōin to return to Satsuma, but was rejected by Tenshōin herself. In 1866, Iemochi died. Tokugawa Yoshinobu became the next ''shōgun''. During the [[Meiji Restoration]], Tenshōin and her daughter in law, Seikan'in (Kazu-no-Miya's name after tonsure) helped negotiate for the [[Fall of Edo|peaceful surrender of Edo Castle]].


She spent her remaining years nurturing [[Tokugawa Iesato]], the 16th head of the Tokugawa clan. She moved into Tokugawa Residence in [[Sendagaya]], in the [[Shibuya]] district, [[Tokyo]]. She suffered from [[Parkinson's disease]] which eventually took her life in November, 20th 1883 at 47 years old. She was buried in [[Kaneiji]] in [[Ueno, Tokyo|Ueno]], [[Tokyo]], together with her husband, Iesada.
She spent her remaining years nurturing [[Tokugawa Iesato]], the 16th head of the Tokugawa clan. She moved into the Tokugawa residence in [[Sendagaya]], in the [[Shibuya]] district, [[Tokyo]]. She suffered from [[Parkinson's disease]] which eventually took her life on November 20, 1883, at the age of 47. She was buried in [[Kaneiji]] in [[Ueno, Tokyo|Ueno]], [[Tokyo]], together with her husband, Onkyoin (Iesada). Beside Onkyoin and Tenshoin tombs, There is [[loquat]] tree{{clarify|reason "a loquat tree" or "loquat trees"?|date=March 2018}} planted there as it was Tenshoin's favorite food.


The 2008 [[NHK]] [[Taiga drama]] ''[[Atsuhime (drama)|Atsuhime]]'' (fifty episodes) was a dramatization of her life.
The 2008 [[NHK]] [[Taiga drama]] ''[[Atsuhime (drama)|Atsuhime]]'' was a fifty-episode television dramatization of her life.

⚫
{{Authority control}}


==Family==
==Family==
⚫
* Father: Shimazu Tadatake (1806–1854)
* Great great great great great great great grandfather: [[Shimazu Iehisa]]
* Great great great great great great grandfather: [[Shimazu Mitsuhisa]] (1616-1695)
* Great great great great great great grandmother: Sogen-in
* Great great great great great grandfather: [[Shimazu Tsunahisa]] (1632-1673)
* Great great great great great grandmother: Koto-in
* Great great great great grandfather: [[Shimazu Tsunataka]] (1650-1704)
* Great great great great grandmother: Oshige no Kata
* Great great great grandfather: [[Shimazu Yoshitaka]] (1675-1747)
* Great great great grandfather: Osuma no Kata
* Great-great-great grandfather: Shimazu Tsugutoyo (1702-1760)
* Great great great grandmother: Tonehime
* Great-great grandfather: Shimazu Shigetoshi (1729-1755)
* Great-great grandmother: Shimazu Tomihime (1727-1745)
* Great-grand father: Shimazu Shigehide (1745-1833)
* Great-grand mother: Chima no Kata
* Grandfather: Shimazu Nariobu (1771-1841)
⚫
* Father: Shimazu Tadatake (1806-1854)
* Mother: Lady Oyuki
* Mother: Lady Oyuki
* Adoptive Fathers:
* Adoptive Fathers:
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** [[Konoe Tadahiro]]
** [[Konoe Tadahiro]]
* Adoptive Mothers:
* Adoptive Mothers:
** Tsunehime (1805-1858), daughter of [[Tokugawa Nariatsu]] and wife of [[Shimazu Nariakira]]
** Tsunehime (1805–1858), daughter of [[Tokugawa Nariatsu]] and wife of [[Shimazu Nariakira]]
** Shimazu Kyoko or Ikuhime (1807-1850) sister of [[Shimazu Nariakira]] and wife of [[Konoe Tadahiro]]
** Shimazu Kyoko or Ikuhime (1807–1850) sister of [[Shimazu Nariakira]] and wife of [[Konoe Tadahiro]]
* Uncle: [[Shimazu Hisamitsu]]
* Husband: [[Tokugawa Iesada]]
* Husband: [[Tokugawa Iesada]]
* Adopted son: [[Tokugawa Iemochi]]
* Adopted son: [[Tokugawa Iemochi]]
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==Honours==
==Honours==
* [[List of Japanese court ranks, positions and hereditary titles|Junior Third Rank]]
* [[List of Japanese court ranks, positions and hereditary titles|Junior Third Rank]]



{{DEFAULTSORT:Tenshoin}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Tenshoin}}
[[Category:Shimazu clan]]
[[Category:Shimazu clan]]
[[Category:Tokugawa clan]]
[[Category:Tokugawa clan]]
[[Category:19th-century Buddhist nuns]]
[[Category:Japanese Buddhist nuns]]
[[Category:Deaths from Parkinson's disease in Japan]]
[[Category:1883 deaths]]
[[Category:1883 deaths]]
[[Category:1836 births]]
[[Category:1836 births]]

⚫
{{Authority control}}

Latest revision as of 21:24, 22 April 2024

"Atsuhime" redirects here. For NHK drama, see Atsuhime (TV series).
Tenshō-in
天璋院
Midaidokoro
Preceded byIchijo Hideko
Succeeded byPrincess Kazu
Personal details
Born(1836-02-05)February 5, 1836
Kagoshima, Satsuma Domain Japan
DiedNovember 20, 1883(1883-11-20) (aged 47)
Tokyo, Japan
SpouseTokugawa Iesada
RelationsShimazu Nariakira (adoptive father)
Konoe Tadahiro (adoptive father)

Tenshō-in (天璋院, February 5, 1836 – November 20, 1883), also known as Atsuko (篤子), was the official wife of Tokugawa Iesada (徳川 家定), the 13th shōgun of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan.

She was the daughter of Lady Oyuki and Shimazu Tadatake (島津忠剛), who was the head of the Imaizumi Shimazu (今和泉島津) branch of the Shimazu in Satsuma.

She was originally named Okatsu (於一) by her parents. When she was adopted by Shimazu Nariakira, her name was changed to Atsuko (篤子) or Atsu-hime (篤姫) ("Lady Atsu") and later to Fujiwara no Sumiko (藤原敬子) upon her adoption by Konoe Tadahiro.

Biography

[edit]
Portrait of Tensho-in by Kawamura Kiyoo

Tenshōin was born in Kagoshima in 1835. In 1853, she became the adopted daughter of Shimazu Nariakira. On August 21, 1853, she travelled by land from Kagoshima via Kokura to the Edo jurisdiction, never to return to Kagoshima again.

Atsuko was thought to have been sent to Edo Castle with the aim of helping Shimazu Nariakira politically. The question of the next heir to the shogunate was divided between the choice of Tokugawa Yoshinobu, then head of the Hitotsubashi-Tokugawa house and Tokugawa Yoshitomi, then head of Kii-Tokugawa house. In order to ensure that Yoshinobu became the next in succession, Atsuko was arranged to wed into the Tokugawa clan.

On 18 November 1856, Atsuko married Tokugawa Iesada and became a Midaidokoro. In 1858, both Tokugawa Iesada and Shimazu Nariakira died. The 14th shōgun was decided to be Iesada's cousin and adopted son, Tokugawa Iemochi. Following the demise of her husband, Atsuko took the tonsure, becoming a Buddhist nun, and took the name Tenshōin on 26 August 1858, and she was given Junior Third Rank. In 1862, as part of the Kōbu Gattai ("Union of Court and Bakufu") movement, Iemochi was married to Imperial Princess Kazu-no-Miya Chikako daughter of Emperor Ninkō, and younger sister of Emperor Kōmei. The Satsuma clan brought up the request for Tenshōin to return to Satsuma, but was rejected by Tenshōin herself. In 1866, Iemochi died. Tokugawa Yoshinobu became the next shōgun. During the Meiji Restoration, Tenshōin and her daughter in law, Seikan'in (Kazu-no-Miya's name after tonsure) helped negotiate for the peaceful surrender of Edo Castle.

She spent her remaining years nurturing Tokugawa Iesato, the 16th head of the Tokugawa clan. She moved into the Tokugawa residence in Sendagaya, in the Shibuya district, Tokyo. She suffered from Parkinson's disease which eventually took her life on November 20, 1883, at the age of 47. She was buried in Kaneiji in Ueno, Tokyo, together with her husband, Onkyoin (Iesada). Beside Onkyoin and Tenshoin tombs, There is loquat tree[clarification needed] planted there as it was Tenshoin's favorite food.

The 2008 NHK Taiga drama Atsuhime was a fifty-episode television dramatization of her life.

Family

[edit]

Honours

[edit]
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