Chief of police: Difference between revisions
Djauhari136 (talk | contribs) |
ZeroAlpha87 (talk | contribs) m →Gallery: Hyphens to en-dashes. |
||
(183 intermediate revisions by more than 100 users not shown) | |||
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Short description|Title given to an appointed official}} |
|||
A '''chief of police''' is the title typically given to the top official in the chain of command of a [[police department]], particularly in [[North America]]. A chief of police may also be known as a '''police chief''' or sometimes just a '''chief''', while some countries favour other titles such as '''commissioner''' or '''chief constable'''. A police chief is appointed by and answerable to a national or local government, with the main exception being [[Sheriffs in the United States|elected sheriffs in the United States]]. |
|||
{{More citations needed|date=October 2023}} |
|||
[[File:Watertown police chief signs flag 130604-N-SU274-403.jpg|thumb|Edward Deveau, chief of the [[Watertown, Massachusetts|Watertown Police Department]] in [[Massachusetts]], signing a flag aboard the [[USS Constitution|USS ''Constitution'']] in 2013.]] |
|||
A '''chief of police''' ('''COP''') is the title given to an appointed official or an elected one in the [[command hierarchy|chain of command]] of a [[police department]], particularly in [[North America]]. A chief of police may also be known as a '''police chief''' or sometimes just a '''chief''', while some countries favour other titles such as [[police commissioner|commissioner]] or '''chief constable'''. A police chief is appointed by and answerable to a state or local government. |
|||
==Duties== |
== Duties == |
||
The precise role a chief of police |
The precise role of a chief of police varies by country and sometimes within a country. The larger a police force or department, the more likely that some duties will be delegated to mid-ranked officers. The following list is a general sense of the actions and responsibilities held by any chief of police. |
||
* Oversight of a department's operations and budgeting |
|||
* Oversight of officers |
|||
** Limited disciplinary actions to be addressed on infractions of policy, rules, regulations, laws or ordinances<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ecode360.com/28398173|title=Section 200.010: Chief of Police - Duties - Salary |access-date=2019-12-29}}</ref> |
|||
** Full dismissal or heavy sanctioning of officer duty; these powers vary by department |
|||
** Promotion and rank placement of officers |
|||
* Production and development of department policies and regulations |
|||
* Liaison with the governments that oversee and fund the department |
|||
* In small police departments, upkeep and updating of department equipment such as police vehicles, weapons, communications equipment and uniforms<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ci.marshfield.wi.us/code/Default.htm?chapter=5§ion=02 |title=Municipal Code |access-date=2009-10-04 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110505102832/http://ci.marshfield.wi.us/code/Default.htm?chapter=5§ion=02 |archive-date=2011-05-05 }}</ref> |
|||
* In the smallest police departments, the chief may also carry out the same duties as regular officers (patrol, investigations, etc.) |
|||
Police chiefs are usually sworn police officers, and therefore wear police uniforms and have the [[power of arrest]], though there are exceptions. In practice, their work is administrative in all but the smallest police departments. The rare occasions when police chiefs make arrests have drawn media coverage. In 2014, [[Bernard Hogan-Howe]] chased a group of fare evaders and made an arrest. A taxi driver had approached Hogan-Howe for help, unaware that he was London's police commissioner.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-28744013|title=Met Police Commissioner stops interview to make arrest|work=[[BBC News]]|date=11 August 2014|access-date=1 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ctvnews.ca/ctv-news-channel/london-police-chief-interrupts-interview-to-nab-suspected-thief-1.1955704|title=London police chief interrupts interview to nab suspected thief|work=CTV News Channel|publisher=Bell Media|date=12 August 2014|access-date=1 December 2016}}</ref> In 2017, [[Los Angeles Police Department]] Chief [[Charlie Beck]] arrested a police officer on suspicion of a sexual offence.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-lapd-cadet-scandal-20170622-story.html|title=LAPD Chief Beck personally arrests officer on suspicion of having sex with a 15-year-old|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=22 June 2017|access-date=29 June 2018}}</ref> |
|||
==Canada== |
|||
"Chief of police" (French: ''Directeur'') is the most common title for the highest-ranked officer in a Canadian police service. The exceptions are: the [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police]] (Commissioner), [[Ontario Provincial Police]] (Commissioner), [[South Coast British Columbia Transportation Authority Police Service]] (Chief Officer), [[Vancouver Police Department]] (Chief Constable), [[West Vancouver Police Department]] (Chief Constable), and the [[Sûreté du Québec]] (Director General). |
|||
== Canada == |
|||
In the province of Ontario, Canada, a chief of police must be a sworn [[police officer]] and therefore have completed training at the [[Ontario Police College]] or have served a probationary period with another recognized police force (such as the Royal Canadian Mounted Police's Academy known as "Depot"). This requirement is legislated in the [http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/DBLaws/Statutes/English/90p15_e.htm Police Services Act of Ontario]. The legislation states in [http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/DBLaws/Statutes/English/90p15_e.htm#BK1 Section 2] that a Chief of Police is a Police Officer. [https://web.archive.org/web/20060428092831/http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca:80/DBLaws/Statutes/English/90p15_e.htm#44.(2) Section 44.2 of the PSA] defines the training requirements. There was a case in the police department of Guelph, Ontario, where a human resource manager was promoted to the position of deputy chief but was required to complete training at the OPC. The candidate is selected by a [[Police board|police services board]]. |
|||
{{See also|Police ranks in Canada}} |
|||
The title ''Chief of Police'' ({{langx|fr|directeur}}) is the most common title for the highest-ranked officer in a Canadian police service. The exceptions are: the [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police]] (commissioner), [[Ontario Provincial Police]] (commissioner), [[South Coast British Columbia Transportation Authority Police Service]] (chief officer), [[Vancouver Police Department]] (chief constable), [[West Vancouver Police Department]] (chief constable), [[Nelson Police Department]] (chief constable), Quebec City (director) and the [[Sûreté du Québec]] (director-general). |
|||
In the province of [[Ontario]], a chief of police must be a sworn [[police officer]] and therefore have completed training at the [[Ontario Police College]] (OPC) or have served a probationary period with another recognized police force (such as the [[RCMP Academy, Depot Division|Royal Canadian Mounted Police's academy]] known as "Depot"). This requirement is legislated in the Police Services Act of Ontario. The legislation states in section two that a chief of police is a police officer. Section 44.2 of the PSA defines the training requirements. There was a case in the police department of Guelph, Ontario, where a human resource manager was promoted to the position of deputy chief but was required to complete training at the OPC. The candidate is selected by a [[Police board|police services board]]. |
|||
=== Deputy chief === |
|||
[[File:Hamilton Deputy Chief of Police Eric Girt (8127310738).jpg|thumb|125px|Eric Girth, deputy chief of the [[Hamilton Police Service]], saluting in 2012.]] |
|||
The title ''Deputy Chief of Police'', or more commonly ''Deputy Chief'', ranks directly below the chief. Officers are stylized as deputy chief, deputy chief constable (in [[British Columbia]]) and deputy commissioner or associate director (in [[Quebec]]). They serve as the second-in-command within a police service and may be tasked with specific responsibilities. |
|||
== Germany == |
|||
In Germany, the police are structured at the state level. As a result, every State Police Department has its Chief of Police, and the titles for these chiefs vary from one state to another. |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible" |
|||
|+ |
|||
!State |
|||
!Titel |
|||
!Incumbent |
|||
|- |
|||
|Baden-Württemberg |
|||
|Landespolizeipräsidentin<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Dr. Stefanie Hinz |url=https://im.baden-wuerttemberg.de/de/sicherheit/polizei/personen/landespolizeipraesidentin |access-date=2024-02-04 |website=Baden-Württemberg.de |language=de}}</ref> |
|||
|[[Stefanie Hintz|Dr. Stefanie Hintz]]<ref name=":0" /> |
|||
|- |
|||
|Bayern (Bavaria) |
|||
|Landespolizeipräsident<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Chefwechsel an der Spitze der Polizei: Michael Schwald folgt auf Wilhelm Schmidbauer |url=https://www.innenministerium.bayern.de/med/aktuell/archiv/2022/220225landespolizeipraesident/ |access-date=2024-02-04 |website=innenministerium.bayern.de |language=de}}</ref> |
|||
|[[Michael Schwald]]<ref name=":1" /> |
|||
|- |
|||
|Berlin |
|||
|Polizeipräsidentin in Berlin<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2023-01-16 |title=Polizeipräsidium |url=https://www.berlin.de/polizei/dienststellen/polizeipraesidium/ |access-date=2024-02-04 |website=www.berlin.de |language=de}}</ref> |
|||
|[[Barbara Slowik|Dr. Barbara Slowik]]<ref name=":2" /> |
|||
|- |
|||
|Brandenburg |
|||
|Polizeipräsident<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Oliver Stepien wird Brandenburgs neuer Polizeipräsident |url=https://polizei.brandenburg.dehttps//polizei.brandenburg.de/pressemeldung/oliver-stepien-wird-brandenburgs-neuer-p/1928328 |access-date=2024-02-04 |website=polizei.brandenburg.dehttps |language=de}}</ref> |
|||
|[[Oliver Stepien]]<ref name=":3" /> |
|||
|- |
|||
|Bremen |
|||
|Polizeipräsident<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Wir über uns - Polizei Bremen Bremen. Aber sicher! |url=https://www.polizei.bremen.de/oeffentlichkeitsarbeit/wir-ueber-uns-5945 |access-date=2024-02-04 |website=www.polizei.bremen.de}}</ref> |
|||
|[[Dirk Fasse]]<ref name=":4" /> |
|||
|- |
|||
|Hamburg |
|||
|Polizeipräsident<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=Polizeipräsident Falk Schnabel |url=https://www.polizei.hamburg/polizeipraesident-schnabel-554904 |access-date=2024-02-04 |website=www.polizei.hamburg}}</ref> |
|||
|[[Falk Schnabel]]<ref name=":5" /> |
|||
|- |
|||
|Hessen (Hesse) |
|||
|Landespolizeipräsident |
|||
|[[Robert Schäfer (Chief of Police)|Robert Schäfer]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|Mecklenburg-Vorpommern |
|||
|Inspekteur der Polizei<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2022-04-08 |title=IM-MV: Nils Hoffmann-Ritterbusch folgt auf Wilfried Kapischke als ranghöchster Polizist des Landes |url=https://www.presseportal.de/blaulicht/pm/108531/5192738 |access-date=2024-02-04 |website=presseportal.de |language=de}}</ref> |
|||
|[[Nils Hoffmann-Ritterbusch]]<ref name=":6" /> |
|||
|- |
|||
|Niedersachsen (Lower Saxony) |
|||
|Präsident des Landespolizeipräsidiums<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |title=Das Landespolizeipräsidium {{!}} Portal der Polizei Niedersachsen |url=https://www.polizei-nds.de/startseite/wir_uber_uns/organisation/leitung_landespolizeiprasidium/landespolizeipraesidium-110204.html#:~:text=Es%20gew%C3%A4hrleistet%20im%20Rahmen%20seiner,konzeptionelle%20Zukunftsausrichtung%20der%20Polizei%20Niedersachsen.&text=zust%C3%A4ndig%20sind.,des%20Landespolizeipr%C3%A4sidiums%20ist%20Axel%20Brockmann. |access-date=2024-02-04 |website=www.polizei-nds.de}}</ref> |
|||
|[[Axel Brockmann]]<ref name=":7" /> |
|||
|- |
|||
|Nordrhein-Westfalen (Northrhine-Westphalia) |
|||
|Inspekteur der Polizei<ref name=":8">{{Cite web |title=Neuer Inspekteur der Polizei |url=https://polizei.nrw/artikel/neuer-inspekteur-der-polizei |access-date=2024-02-04 |website=polizei.nrw |language=de}}</ref> |
|||
|[[Michael Schemke]]<ref name=":8" /> |
|||
|- |
|||
|Rheinland-Pfalz (Rhineland-Palatinate) |
|||
|Inspekteur der Polizei<ref name=":9">{{Cite web |last=Rheinland-Pfalz |date=2022-12-12 |title=Ebling verabschiedet Jürgen Schmitt in den Ruhestand |url=http://mdi.rlp.de/service/pressemitteilungen/detail/ebling-verabschiedet-juergen-schmitt-in-den-ruhestand |access-date=2024-02-04 |website=mdi.rlp.de |language=de-DE}}</ref> |
|||
|[[Friedel Durben]]<ref name=":9" /> |
|||
|- |
|||
|Saarland |
|||
|Landespolizeipräsident<ref name=":10">{{Cite web |title=Behördenleitung |url=https://www.saarland.de/polizei/DE/institution/organisation/behoerdenleitung/behoerdenleitung_node.html |access-date=2024-02-04 |website=Saarland |language=de}}</ref> |
|||
|[[Norbert Rupp]]<ref name=":10" /> |
|||
|- |
|||
|Sachsen (Saxony) |
|||
|Landespolizeipräsident<ref name=":11">{{Cite web |title=Polizei Sachsen - Polizei Sachsen - Das Landespolizeipräsidium |url=https://www.polizei.sachsen.de/de/lpp.htm |access-date=2024-02-04 |website=www.polizei.sachsen.de |language=de}}</ref> |
|||
|[[Jörg Kubiessa]]<ref name=":11" /> |
|||
|- |
|||
|Sachsen-Anhalt |
|||
|Landespolizeidirektor<ref>{{Cite web |title=Struktur Polizei Sachsen-Anhalt |url=https://polizei.sachsen-anhalt.de/der-polizeiberuf/zukunftstag/struktur-polizei-sachsen-anhalt |access-date=2024-02-04 |website=Landesportal Sachsen-Anhalt |language=de}}</ref> |
|||
|[[Mario Schwan]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Feldmann |first=Marco |date=2022-10-06 |title=Neuer Landespolizeidirektor in Sachsen-Anhalt |url=https://www.behoerden-spiegel.de/2022/10/06/neuer-landespolizeidirektor-in-sachsen-anhalt/ |access-date=2024-02-04 |website=Behörden Spiegel |language=de-DE}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
|Schleswig-Holstein |
|||
|Landespolizeidirektor<ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Sötje |first=Florian |date=2024-01-16 |title=Landespolizei SH: Maren Freyher rückt als erste Frau an die Spitze |url=https://www.kn-online.de/schleswig-holstein/landespolizei-sh-maren-freyher-rueckt-als-erste-frau-an-die-spitze-4B7KIENFEFGKFN6ST3YFEB4EY4.html |access-date=2024-02-04 |website=www.kn-online.de |language=de}}</ref> |
|||
|[[Michael Wilksen]]<ref name=":12" /> |
|||
|- |
|||
|Thüringen (Thuringia) |
|||
|Präsident der Polizei Thüringen<ref name=":13">{{Cite web |title=Thüringer Ministerium für Inneres und Kommunales - Der bisherige LKA-Chef Frank-Michael Schwarz wird neuer Präsident der Polizei Thüringen. Thomas Quittenbaum, der die Landespolizeiinspektion Jena leitete, kommt als neuer Vize-Präsident der Landespolizeidirektion nach Erfurt. Der bisherige LPD-Vizepräsident, Jens Kehr, wird Präsident des Landeskriminalamtes. Innenminister Georg Maier dankte dem bisherigen Polizeipräsidenten Uwe Brunnengräber, der zum Ende des Monats seinen wohlverdienten Ruhestand antritt, für seinen großen Einsatz beim Aufbau der Landespolizeidirektion. {{!}} Facebook |url=https://www.facebook.com/thueringerinnenministerium/photos/a.600683770039571/1844897608951508/ |access-date=2024-02-04 |website=www.facebook.com |language=en}}</ref> |
|||
|[[Michel Schwarz]]<ref name=":13" /> |
|||
|} |
|||
==India== |
|||
In India, the police are structured at the state level. As a result, every State Police Department has its Chief of Police, and the titles for these chiefs vary from one state to another. The Chief of [[Kerala State Police|Kerala Police]] has the title of "State Police Chief". |
|||
Most Indian state police departments generally has more than one officer with the rank of [[Director general#India|Director General]] (DG), because of which one of the officers with the rank of Director General is appointed to the position of the [[Director general of police|Director General of Police]]. The other common titles includes, ''Director General of Police, Director General and Inspector General of Police''. |
|||
The Chiefs of Municipal Police Force has the title of [[Commissioner of Police (India)|Commissioner of Police]] (CP). |
|||
==Indonesia== |
==Indonesia== |
||
{{See also|Chief of the Indonesian National Police}} |
|||
In [[Indonesia]], the chief of the [[Indonesian National Police|National Police of Indonesia]] is often colloquially dubbed: "''Kapolri''", an acronym of "Kepala Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia" meaning "Head of the National Police of the Republic of Indonesia".The National Police Chiefs are four-star ranking officers in the national police. The National Police Chief is appointed to the position by the [[President of Indonesia]] after the nomination of a candidate is approved in House of Representatives and is directly responsible to the president. Since Indonesia adopts the system of a unified "national police", the chief of the Indonesian National Police holds strong responsibility in policing authorities nationally across Indonesia. The police chief usually conducts strong relations and work together with the [[Commander of the Indonesian National Armed Forces|Commander of the National Armed Forces]]. In line with the general features of unified structure of local governments, all chiefs of the Indonesian police, at district level ("''kapolsek''", ''kepala kepolisian sektor''"), municipal level ("''kapolres''", ''kepala kepolisian resor''"), and provincial level ("''kapolda''", ''kepala kepolisian daerah'') in Indonesia, are subordinates of ''Kapolri'', the national police chief. |
|||
{{See also|Indonesian National Police}} |
|||
In [[Indonesia]], the Chief of the National Police of Indonesia is often colloquially dubbed: "Kapolri", an acronym of "''Kepala Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia''" meaning "Head of the National Police of the Republic of Indonesia". He is also a four-star ranking officer in the National Police. Candidates who are chosen by the parliament originate from the best chosen three-star ranking officers of the Indonesian National Police, with the president, using his prerogative right, picks one to be the chief. Because Indonesia adopts the system of a unified "national police", the chief of the Indonesian national police holds strong responsibility in policing authorities nationally across Indonesia. The police chief usually conducts strong relations and work together with the ''[[Panglima]]''/Commander of the [[Indonesian Armed Forces|Indonesian Military]] ("TNI"). In line with the general features of unified structure of local governments, all chiefs of the Indonesian police, in district level ("kapolsek, ''kepala kepolisian sektor''"), municipal level ("kapolres, ''kepala kepolisian resor''"), and provincial level ("kapolda", ''kepala kepolisian daerah'') in Indonesia, are subordinates of ''Kapolri'', the Indonesian National Police Chief. |
|||
== |
== Philippines == |
||
In the Philippines, the chief of police was the head of small city and municipal police. |
|||
Alternate titles for a chief of police include [[police commissioner]], colonel (in the [[Rhode Island State Police]]), police superintendent and police president. A [[sheriff]] is the chief of a county law enforcement agency. Some sheriff's offices have the powers and role of a police department, while others are limited to non-policing matters such as courtroom security. |
|||
== United Kingdom == |
|||
In contrast to a [[sheriff]] (who is generally elected by the voters of a [[county]], except in the states of Rhode Island and Hawaii),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sheriffs.org/about/AboutNSA.asp |title=About NSA |accessdate=2009-10-01 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100110053114/http://www.sheriffs.org/about/AboutNSA.asp |archivedate=2010-01-10 |df= }}</ref> a chief of police is usually a [[municipality|municipal]] employee who owes his allegiance to a [[city]] or town. Some states have both an appointed and an elected chief of police (Louisiana). Some departments are led by a civilian overseer, usually referred to as ''commissioner''. The [[New York City Police Department]] is one such case, where the chief (full title: Chief of department) is the most senior sworn officer. In Louisiana, a chief of police may serve as the chief of police, marshal, and constable of a city. The fraternal organization [[International Association of Chiefs of Police]] (IACP) is an organization that many chiefs of police are associated with. |
|||
{{See also|Chief police officer}} |
|||
In the United Kingdom, the chief police officer for 43 of the 45 [[List of police forces of the United Kingdom|territorial police forces]] and the three [[Special police#United Kingdom|special police forces]] holds the rank of [[chief constable]]. The exceptions are the [[Metropolitan Police Service]] and [[City of London Police]], where the chief police officer instead holds the rank of commissioner. The umbrella term for the chief constables and commissioners is "[[chief police officer]]". The term "[[Chief police officer#Chief officer rank|chief officer]]", by contrast, includes the chief police officers and their deputies and assistants. The [[National Police Chiefs' Council]] is the association for chief officers. |
|||
The rank of commissioner should not be confused with the [[police and crime commissioner]]s. They are elected officials who oversee a police force and how its funds are spent, rather than being police officers. |
|||
Many [[state constitution (United States)|state constitutions]] require every county to have a sheriff; some make no provision for this position to be eliminated even in the case of the formation of a [[Consolidated city–county]] or "[[metropolitan government]]". In this case, a decision must be made about how to divide the powers between the county sheriff and the city's chief of police. The usual compromise allows the chief of police to exercise law enforcement jurisdiction and to give the sheriff and his deputies authority over [[County jail|jail]]s and the serving of [[court summons|civil papers]]. An alternative and lesser-used solution is to make the office of sheriff a purely ceremonial one. One other solution, an example of which is seen in the case of the [[Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department]], is to provide for the sheriff to simultaneously serve as the chief of police, thus remaining as the chief law enforcement officer (CLEO) of the county. |
|||
==United States== |
|||
The police chief of a small town may be the only paid employee of the police department and have a staff consisting only of volunteers when available. Conversely the police chief of a major city may have thousands or in the case of very large cities such as [[New York City, New York|New York]], 35,000 sworn officers. Further than that they will have thousands more civilian employees under his command including operators, secretaries, and unsworn peace officers. It is obvious that the qualifications and skills required to be a police chief vary widely. Another important consideration is how overtly a police department is influenced by [[politics]] which varies greatly from one jurisdiction to another. Increasingly, all U.S. law enforcement officers including small-town police chiefs and their charges are being required to meet at least minimum levels of professional training. |
|||
Chief of police is the most common title for the head of a police department of a city. The highest-ranking officers of boroughs and parishes are also known as police chiefs. In large urban areas, some departments are led by an overseer who is not a sworn officer, usually referred to as a commissioner. In these departments, the police chief is the highest-ranking police officer of the agency but not the department head. The [[New York City Police Department]] is one such case where the commissioner is the head of the NYPD. The resources available to the head of a police department vary greatly; the chief of a small town may be the only paid employee of the police department with volunteer officers at their disposal only on certain occasions. On the other hand, the chief of a major city may have thousands or in the case of very large cities such as [[New York City, New York|New York]] tens of thousands of sworn officers. Such a department may have thousands of employees other than police officers, including operators, secretaries, and unsworn peace officers. Alternative titles for a chief of police include [[police commissioner]], colonel, police superintendent, police president or police director. |
|||
A [[Sheriffs in the United States|sheriff]] is the chief of a county law enforcement agency. Although sheriffs are not usually counted as police chiefs, their agencies usually have the powers and role of a police department (although in some rare cases, the role of a sheriff's agency is limited to non-policing matters such as courtroom security). The usual difference between a sheriff and a police chief is that [[sheriff]]s are elected (except in New York City, Rhode Island and Hawaii) and responsible for a county<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sheriffs.org/about-nsa |title=About NSA |access-date=2019-12-29 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100110053114/http://www.sheriffs.org/about/AboutNSA.asp |archive-date=2010-01-10 }}</ref> whereas a police chief manages law enforcement in a city or town and is appointed by its local government. Many [[state constitution (United States)|state constitutions]] require every county to have a sheriff; some make no provision for this position to be eliminated even in the case of the formation of a [[consolidated city–county]] or "[[metropolitan government]]" because of which a decision on the division the powers between the county sheriff and the city chief of police is made. The usual compromise allows the chief of police to exercise law enforcement jurisdiction and to give the sheriff and his deputies authority over [[county jail|jail]]s and the serving of [[court summons|civil papers]]. An alternative and lesser-used solution is to make the office of sheriff a purely ceremonial one. One other solution, an example of which is seen in the case of the [[Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department]], is to provide for the sheriff to simultaneously serve as the chief of police, thus remaining as the chief law enforcement officer (CLEO) of the county. Other titles for the executives of Sheriff's Departments include colonel, superintendent, and director. |
|||
==United Kingdom== |
|||
{{see also|Chief police officer}} |
|||
In the United Kingdom, the chief police officer for 43 of the 45 [[List of police forces of the United Kingdom|territorial police forces]] and the 3 [[Special police#United Kingdom|special police forces]] holds the rank of [[Chief Constable]]. The exceptions are the [[Metropolitan Police Service]] and [[City of London Police]], where the chief police officer instead holds the rank of Commissioner. The umbrella term for the chief constables and commissioners is [[chief police officer]]. The term "[[Chief police officer#Chief officer rank|chief officer]]", by contrast, includes the chief police officers and their deputies and assistants. The [[National Police Chiefs Council]] is the association for chief officers. |
|||
The fraternal organization [[International Association of Chiefs of Police]] (IACP) is an organization that many chiefs of police are associated with. |
|||
The rank of Commissioner should not be confused with the [[Police and Crime Commissioner]]s. They are elected officials who oversee a police force and how its funds are spent, rather than being police officers. |
|||
The extent to how much a police a police department is overtly influenced by [[politics]] is also an important topic and varies greatly from one jurisdiction to another. Increasingly, all U.S. law enforcement officers including small-town police chiefs and their charges are being required to meet at least minimum levels of professional training. |
|||
==Personnel== |
|||
The rank insignia for the chief of a large or medium-sized department most often consists of three or four gold stars, similar to the insignia of a [[Lieutenant general (United States)|lieutenant general]] or [[General (United States)|general]] in the army. Smaller departments and state agencies most often consists of silver or gold eagles similar to [[Colonel (United States)|colonel]] in the army; however, several small departments with only a few dozen employees have been known to possess five star rank insignia for the police chief, the same as a [[General of the Army (United States)|General of the Army]] [https://www.sun-sentinel.com/2019/10/14/most-florida-sheriffs-wear-four-stars-on-their-collars-why-does-browards-gregory-tony-wear-five/]. On the opposite, some extremely small police department chiefs wear no rank insignia at all, or simply a pin which reads "CHIEF". |
|||
==Gallery== |
|||
<gallery> |
<gallery> |
||
File:John Addison Gurley, US Congressman from Ohio.jpg|Pensacola, Florida, town marshal, [[Stephen Mallory]] 1832 |
|||
File:Sheriff Jim Courtright.jpg|<center>Ft Worth Texas City Marshal Jim Courtright 1876-1879</center> |
|||
File:Portrait of the Hungarian Count Agoston Haraszthy.jpg|San Diego, California, sheriff and city marshal, [[Agoston Haraszthy]] 1850 |
|||
File:Dallas Stoudenmire.jpg|<Center>El Paso Texas City Marshal Dallas Stoudenmire 1881-1882</center> |
|||
File:John S Folk.jpg|Brooklyn, NY, police chief [[John S. Folk]] 1851–1865 |
|||
File:Ben-Thompson.gif|<center>Austin City Marshal Ben Thompson a predecessor to the Austin Police Department 1881-1882</center> |
|||
File:John Alexander Kennedy by Brady.jpg|NYPD Police Chief [[John Alexander Kennedy]] 1860–1863 |
|||
File:Hennessy.JPG|<center>New Orleans Superintendent/Chief of Police David Hennessy, 1889-1890</center> |
|||
Thomas J. Smith.jpg|Abilene Kansas town marshal Thomas J Smith 1870 |
|||
File:William S. Devery.gif|<center>[[NYPD]] Superintendent/Chief of Police William S. Devery 1898-1902</center> |
|||
File:Sheriff Jim Courtright.jpg|{{center|Ft Worth, Texas, city marshal, [[Jim Courtright (gunman)|Jim Courtright]] 1876–1879}} |
|||
File:O'neill.gif|<center>Chicago Police Chief James O'Neill 1901-1905</center> |
|||
File:GTAnderson.jpg|Atlanta, GA, police chief, [[George T. Anderson]] 1877–1881 [Later police chief Anniston, Alabama] |
|||
File:Bill Tilghman 1912.jpg|<center>Oklahoma City Police Chief Bill Tilghman 1911-1912</center> |
|||
William McEntyre Dye.jpg|Washington DC Police Chief [[William McEntyre Dye]] 1878 |
|||
File:Edward Masterson 1852-1878.jpg|Dodge City, Kansas, town marshal, [[Ed Masterson]] 1878–1879 |
|||
File:Bat Masterson 1879.jpg|Trinadad, Colorado, town marshal, [[Bat Masterson]] 1880–1882 |
|||
File:John Jeremiah Johnson.gif|Deer Lodge Montana Town Marshal John Jeremiah Garrison Johnston |
|||
File:FredWhite.png|Tombstone, Arizona, town marshal, [[Fred White (marshal)|Fred White 1880]] |
|||
File:VirgilEarp.jpg|Tombstone, Arizona, town marshall, [[Virgil Earp]] 1881–1882 |
|||
File:Dallas Stoudenmire.jpg|{{Center|El Paso, Texas, city marshal, [[Dallas Stoudenmire]] 1881–1882}} |
|||
File:Ben-Thompson.gif|{{center|Austin City marshal, [[Ben Thompson (lawman)|Ben Thompson]] a predecessor to the Austin Police Department 1881-1882}} |
|||
File:Hennessy.JPG|{{center|New Orleans superintendent/chief of police [[David Hennessy]] 1889–1890}} |
|||
File:TR NYC Police Commissioner.gif|NYPD commissioner, [[Theodore Roosevelt]] 1894–1895 |
|||
File:William S. Devery.gif|{{center|[[NYPD]] superintendent/chief of police, [[William S. Devery]] 1898–1902}} |
|||
File:Francis O'Neil, Chicago PD.gif|{{center|Chicago police chief, James O'Neill 1901–1905}} |
|||
File:Heck-Thomas-c1900.jpg|Lawton Oklahoma police chief Heck Thomas 1902 |
|||
File:CW Wappenstein, Chief of the Police Department, Alaska Yukon Pacific Exposition, Seattle, 1909 (AYP 31).jpeg|CW Wappenstein, chief of the police department, Alaska Yukon Pacific Exposition, Seattle, 1909 |
|||
File:Bill Tilghman 1912.jpg|{{center|Oklahoma City police chief, [[Bill Tilghman]] 1911–1912}} |
|||
File:John T. Janssen, Milwaukee Chief of Police (1912).jpg|John T. Janssen, Milwaukee Chief of Police (1912) |
|||
File:Pelham D. Glassford (US Army General).jpg|{{center|Washington D.C. police chief, [[Pelham D. Glassford]] 1931–1932}} |
|||
File:William A. Worton.JPG|LAPD Police Chief William A Worton 1949–1950 |
|||
File:Jesse Curry- CecilStoughton.jpg|Dallas Texas Police Chief Jesse E Curry (1963) |
|||
File:Frank Rizzo 1972.jpg|{{center|Philadelphia police commissioner, [[Frank Rizzo]] 1972}} |
|||
File:DarylGatescolorportrait.jpg|LAPD Police Chief [[Daryl Gates]] 1978–1992 |
|||
File:Bernard C. Parks 2010.jpg|LAPD Police Chief [[Bernard C. Parks]] 1997–2003 |
|||
File:Fred Lau, San Francisco Police Chief, 1990's.jpg|San Francisco police chief, [[Fred Lau]], 1996–2002 |
|||
File:William Gross Commissioner of the Boston Police Department.jpg|Boston Police Commissioner, [[William G. Gross|William Gross]], 2018–2021 |
|||
File:Cathy Lanier.JPG|Washington D.C. police chief, [[Cathy Lanier]] 2007–2016 |
|||
File:Danielle Outlaw at gun violence press conference.jpg|Philadelphia Police Commissioner [[Danielle Outlaw]] 2020–2023 |
|||
File:Yogananda D. Pittman.jpg|[[Yogananda Pittman|Yogananda D. Pittman]] Acting Police Chief of US Capital Police 2021 |
|||
</gallery> |
</gallery> |
||
==See also== |
==See also== |
||
* [[Deputy prime minister]] |
|||
* [[Chief police officer]], a [[United Kingdom|British]] [[title]] |
|||
* [[Deputy governor]] |
|||
* [[Vice president|Deputy president]] |
|||
* [[Prime minister]] |
|||
* [[Governor]] |
|||
* [[President (government title)|President]] |
|||
* [[Chief justice]] |
|||
* [[Police]] |
|||
* [[Highway patrol]] |
|||
* [[Law enforcement]] |
|||
* [[Law enforcement agency]] |
|||
* [[Fire chief]] |
|||
* [[Constable]] |
* [[Constable]] |
||
==References== |
==References== |
||
{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
||
{{Authority control}} |
|||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Chief Of Police}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Chief Of Police}} |
Latest revision as of 13:16, 4 December 2024
This article needs additional citations for verification. (October 2023) |
A chief of police (COP) is the title given to an appointed official or an elected one in the chain of command of a police department, particularly in North America. A chief of police may also be known as a police chief or sometimes just a chief, while some countries favour other titles such as commissioner or chief constable. A police chief is appointed by and answerable to a state or local government.
Duties
[edit]The precise role of a chief of police varies by country and sometimes within a country. The larger a police force or department, the more likely that some duties will be delegated to mid-ranked officers. The following list is a general sense of the actions and responsibilities held by any chief of police.
- Oversight of a department's operations and budgeting
- Oversight of officers
- Limited disciplinary actions to be addressed on infractions of policy, rules, regulations, laws or ordinances[1]
- Full dismissal or heavy sanctioning of officer duty; these powers vary by department
- Promotion and rank placement of officers
- Production and development of department policies and regulations
- Liaison with the governments that oversee and fund the department
- In small police departments, upkeep and updating of department equipment such as police vehicles, weapons, communications equipment and uniforms[2]
- In the smallest police departments, the chief may also carry out the same duties as regular officers (patrol, investigations, etc.)
Police chiefs are usually sworn police officers, and therefore wear police uniforms and have the power of arrest, though there are exceptions. In practice, their work is administrative in all but the smallest police departments. The rare occasions when police chiefs make arrests have drawn media coverage. In 2014, Bernard Hogan-Howe chased a group of fare evaders and made an arrest. A taxi driver had approached Hogan-Howe for help, unaware that he was London's police commissioner.[3][4] In 2017, Los Angeles Police Department Chief Charlie Beck arrested a police officer on suspicion of a sexual offence.[5]
Canada
[edit]The title Chief of Police (French: directeur) is the most common title for the highest-ranked officer in a Canadian police service. The exceptions are: the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (commissioner), Ontario Provincial Police (commissioner), South Coast British Columbia Transportation Authority Police Service (chief officer), Vancouver Police Department (chief constable), West Vancouver Police Department (chief constable), Nelson Police Department (chief constable), Quebec City (director) and the Sûreté du Québec (director-general).
In the province of Ontario, a chief of police must be a sworn police officer and therefore have completed training at the Ontario Police College (OPC) or have served a probationary period with another recognized police force (such as the Royal Canadian Mounted Police's academy known as "Depot"). This requirement is legislated in the Police Services Act of Ontario. The legislation states in section two that a chief of police is a police officer. Section 44.2 of the PSA defines the training requirements. There was a case in the police department of Guelph, Ontario, where a human resource manager was promoted to the position of deputy chief but was required to complete training at the OPC. The candidate is selected by a police services board.
Deputy chief
[edit]The title Deputy Chief of Police, or more commonly Deputy Chief, ranks directly below the chief. Officers are stylized as deputy chief, deputy chief constable (in British Columbia) and deputy commissioner or associate director (in Quebec). They serve as the second-in-command within a police service and may be tasked with specific responsibilities.
Germany
[edit]In Germany, the police are structured at the state level. As a result, every State Police Department has its Chief of Police, and the titles for these chiefs vary from one state to another.
State | Titel | Incumbent |
---|---|---|
Baden-Württemberg | Landespolizeipräsidentin[6] | Dr. Stefanie Hintz[6] |
Bayern (Bavaria) | Landespolizeipräsident[7] | Michael Schwald[7] |
Berlin | Polizeipräsidentin in Berlin[8] | Dr. Barbara Slowik[8] |
Brandenburg | Polizeipräsident[9] | Oliver Stepien[9] |
Bremen | Polizeipräsident[10] | Dirk Fasse[10] |
Hamburg | Polizeipräsident[11] | Falk Schnabel[11] |
Hessen (Hesse) | Landespolizeipräsident | Robert Schäfer |
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern | Inspekteur der Polizei[12] | Nils Hoffmann-Ritterbusch[12] |
Niedersachsen (Lower Saxony) | Präsident des Landespolizeipräsidiums[13] | Axel Brockmann[13] |
Nordrhein-Westfalen (Northrhine-Westphalia) | Inspekteur der Polizei[14] | Michael Schemke[14] |
Rheinland-Pfalz (Rhineland-Palatinate) | Inspekteur der Polizei[15] | Friedel Durben[15] |
Saarland | Landespolizeipräsident[16] | Norbert Rupp[16] |
Sachsen (Saxony) | Landespolizeipräsident[17] | Jörg Kubiessa[17] |
Sachsen-Anhalt | Landespolizeidirektor[18] | Mario Schwan[19] |
Schleswig-Holstein | Landespolizeidirektor[20] | Michael Wilksen[20] |
Thüringen (Thuringia) | Präsident der Polizei Thüringen[21] | Michel Schwarz[21] |
India
[edit]In India, the police are structured at the state level. As a result, every State Police Department has its Chief of Police, and the titles for these chiefs vary from one state to another. The Chief of Kerala Police has the title of "State Police Chief".
Most Indian state police departments generally has more than one officer with the rank of Director General (DG), because of which one of the officers with the rank of Director General is appointed to the position of the Director General of Police. The other common titles includes, Director General of Police, Director General and Inspector General of Police.
The Chiefs of Municipal Police Force has the title of Commissioner of Police (CP).
Indonesia
[edit]In Indonesia, the chief of the National Police of Indonesia is often colloquially dubbed: "Kapolri", an acronym of "Kepala Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia" meaning "Head of the National Police of the Republic of Indonesia".The National Police Chiefs are four-star ranking officers in the national police. The National Police Chief is appointed to the position by the President of Indonesia after the nomination of a candidate is approved in House of Representatives and is directly responsible to the president. Since Indonesia adopts the system of a unified "national police", the chief of the Indonesian National Police holds strong responsibility in policing authorities nationally across Indonesia. The police chief usually conducts strong relations and work together with the Commander of the National Armed Forces. In line with the general features of unified structure of local governments, all chiefs of the Indonesian police, at district level ("kapolsek", kepala kepolisian sektor"), municipal level ("kapolres", kepala kepolisian resor"), and provincial level ("kapolda", kepala kepolisian daerah) in Indonesia, are subordinates of Kapolri, the national police chief.
Philippines
[edit]In the Philippines, the chief of police was the head of small city and municipal police.
United Kingdom
[edit]In the United Kingdom, the chief police officer for 43 of the 45 territorial police forces and the three special police forces holds the rank of chief constable. The exceptions are the Metropolitan Police Service and City of London Police, where the chief police officer instead holds the rank of commissioner. The umbrella term for the chief constables and commissioners is "chief police officer". The term "chief officer", by contrast, includes the chief police officers and their deputies and assistants. The National Police Chiefs' Council is the association for chief officers.
The rank of commissioner should not be confused with the police and crime commissioners. They are elected officials who oversee a police force and how its funds are spent, rather than being police officers.
United States
[edit]Chief of police is the most common title for the head of a police department of a city. The highest-ranking officers of boroughs and parishes are also known as police chiefs. In large urban areas, some departments are led by an overseer who is not a sworn officer, usually referred to as a commissioner. In these departments, the police chief is the highest-ranking police officer of the agency but not the department head. The New York City Police Department is one such case where the commissioner is the head of the NYPD. The resources available to the head of a police department vary greatly; the chief of a small town may be the only paid employee of the police department with volunteer officers at their disposal only on certain occasions. On the other hand, the chief of a major city may have thousands or in the case of very large cities such as New York tens of thousands of sworn officers. Such a department may have thousands of employees other than police officers, including operators, secretaries, and unsworn peace officers. Alternative titles for a chief of police include police commissioner, colonel, police superintendent, police president or police director.
A sheriff is the chief of a county law enforcement agency. Although sheriffs are not usually counted as police chiefs, their agencies usually have the powers and role of a police department (although in some rare cases, the role of a sheriff's agency is limited to non-policing matters such as courtroom security). The usual difference between a sheriff and a police chief is that sheriffs are elected (except in New York City, Rhode Island and Hawaii) and responsible for a county[22] whereas a police chief manages law enforcement in a city or town and is appointed by its local government. Many state constitutions require every county to have a sheriff; some make no provision for this position to be eliminated even in the case of the formation of a consolidated city–county or "metropolitan government" because of which a decision on the division the powers between the county sheriff and the city chief of police is made. The usual compromise allows the chief of police to exercise law enforcement jurisdiction and to give the sheriff and his deputies authority over jails and the serving of civil papers. An alternative and lesser-used solution is to make the office of sheriff a purely ceremonial one. One other solution, an example of which is seen in the case of the Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department, is to provide for the sheriff to simultaneously serve as the chief of police, thus remaining as the chief law enforcement officer (CLEO) of the county. Other titles for the executives of Sheriff's Departments include colonel, superintendent, and director.
The fraternal organization International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP) is an organization that many chiefs of police are associated with.
The extent to how much a police a police department is overtly influenced by politics is also an important topic and varies greatly from one jurisdiction to another. Increasingly, all U.S. law enforcement officers including small-town police chiefs and their charges are being required to meet at least minimum levels of professional training.
The rank insignia for the chief of a large or medium-sized department most often consists of three or four gold stars, similar to the insignia of a lieutenant general or general in the army. Smaller departments and state agencies most often consists of silver or gold eagles similar to colonel in the army; however, several small departments with only a few dozen employees have been known to possess five star rank insignia for the police chief, the same as a General of the Army [1]. On the opposite, some extremely small police department chiefs wear no rank insignia at all, or simply a pin which reads "CHIEF".
Gallery
[edit]-
Pensacola, Florida, town marshal, Stephen Mallory 1832
-
San Diego, California, sheriff and city marshal, Agoston Haraszthy 1850
-
Brooklyn, NY, police chief John S. Folk 1851–1865
-
NYPD Police Chief John Alexander Kennedy 1860–1863
-
Abilene Kansas town marshal Thomas J Smith 1870
-
Ft Worth, Texas, city marshal, Jim Courtright 1876–1879
-
Atlanta, GA, police chief, George T. Anderson 1877–1881 [Later police chief Anniston, Alabama]
-
Washington DC Police Chief William McEntyre Dye 1878
-
Dodge City, Kansas, town marshal, Ed Masterson 1878–1879
-
Trinadad, Colorado, town marshal, Bat Masterson 1880–1882
-
Deer Lodge Montana Town Marshal John Jeremiah Garrison Johnston
-
Tombstone, Arizona, town marshal, Fred White 1880
-
Tombstone, Arizona, town marshall, Virgil Earp 1881–1882
-
El Paso, Texas, city marshal, Dallas Stoudenmire 1881–1882
-
Austin City marshal, Ben Thompson a predecessor to the Austin Police Department 1881-1882
-
New Orleans superintendent/chief of police David Hennessy 1889–1890
-
NYPD commissioner, Theodore Roosevelt 1894–1895
-
NYPD superintendent/chief of police, William S. Devery 1898–1902
-
Chicago police chief, James O'Neill 1901–1905
-
Lawton Oklahoma police chief Heck Thomas 1902
-
CW Wappenstein, chief of the police department, Alaska Yukon Pacific Exposition, Seattle, 1909
-
Oklahoma City police chief, Bill Tilghman 1911–1912
-
John T. Janssen, Milwaukee Chief of Police (1912)
-
Washington D.C. police chief, Pelham D. Glassford 1931–1932
-
LAPD Police Chief William A Worton 1949–1950
-
Dallas Texas Police Chief Jesse E Curry (1963)
-
Philadelphia police commissioner, Frank Rizzo 1972
-
LAPD Police Chief Daryl Gates 1978–1992
-
LAPD Police Chief Bernard C. Parks 1997–2003
-
San Francisco police chief, Fred Lau, 1996–2002
-
Boston Police Commissioner, William Gross, 2018–2021
-
Washington D.C. police chief, Cathy Lanier 2007–2016
-
Philadelphia Police Commissioner Danielle Outlaw 2020–2023
-
Yogananda D. Pittman Acting Police Chief of US Capital Police 2021
See also
[edit]- Deputy prime minister
- Deputy governor
- Deputy president
- Prime minister
- Governor
- President
- Chief justice
- Police
- Highway patrol
- Law enforcement
- Law enforcement agency
- Fire chief
- Constable
References
[edit]- ^ "Section 200.010: Chief of Police - Duties - Salary". Retrieved 2019-12-29.
- ^ "Municipal Code". Archived from the original on 2011-05-05. Retrieved 2009-10-04.
- ^ "Met Police Commissioner stops interview to make arrest". BBC News. 11 August 2014. Retrieved 1 December 2016.
- ^ "London police chief interrupts interview to nab suspected thief". CTV News Channel. Bell Media. 12 August 2014. Retrieved 1 December 2016.
- ^ "LAPD Chief Beck personally arrests officer on suspicion of having sex with a 15-year-old". Los Angeles Times. 22 June 2017. Retrieved 29 June 2018.
- ^ a b "Dr. Stefanie Hinz". Baden-Württemberg.de (in German). Retrieved 2024-02-04.
- ^ a b "Chefwechsel an der Spitze der Polizei: Michael Schwald folgt auf Wilhelm Schmidbauer". innenministerium.bayern.de (in German). Retrieved 2024-02-04.
- ^ a b "Polizeipräsidium". www.berlin.de (in German). 2023-01-16. Retrieved 2024-02-04.
- ^ a b "Oliver Stepien wird Brandenburgs neuer Polizeipräsident". polizei.brandenburg.dehttps (in German). Retrieved 2024-02-04.
- ^ a b "Wir über uns - Polizei Bremen Bremen. Aber sicher!". www.polizei.bremen.de. Retrieved 2024-02-04.
- ^ a b "Polizeipräsident Falk Schnabel". www.polizei.hamburg. Retrieved 2024-02-04.
- ^ a b "IM-MV: Nils Hoffmann-Ritterbusch folgt auf Wilfried Kapischke als ranghöchster Polizist des Landes". presseportal.de (in German). 2022-04-08. Retrieved 2024-02-04.
- ^ a b "Das Landespolizeipräsidium | Portal der Polizei Niedersachsen". www.polizei-nds.de. Retrieved 2024-02-04.
- ^ a b "Neuer Inspekteur der Polizei". polizei.nrw (in German). Retrieved 2024-02-04.
- ^ a b Rheinland-Pfalz (2022-12-12). "Ebling verabschiedet Jürgen Schmitt in den Ruhestand". mdi.rlp.de (in German). Retrieved 2024-02-04.
- ^ a b "Behördenleitung". Saarland (in German). Retrieved 2024-02-04.
- ^ a b "Polizei Sachsen - Polizei Sachsen - Das Landespolizeipräsidium". www.polizei.sachsen.de (in German). Retrieved 2024-02-04.
- ^ "Struktur Polizei Sachsen-Anhalt". Landesportal Sachsen-Anhalt (in German). Retrieved 2024-02-04.
- ^ Feldmann, Marco (2022-10-06). "Neuer Landespolizeidirektor in Sachsen-Anhalt". Behörden Spiegel (in German). Retrieved 2024-02-04.
- ^ a b Sötje, Florian (2024-01-16). "Landespolizei SH: Maren Freyher rückt als erste Frau an die Spitze". www.kn-online.de (in German). Retrieved 2024-02-04.
- ^ a b "Thüringer Ministerium für Inneres und Kommunales - Der bisherige LKA-Chef Frank-Michael Schwarz wird neuer Präsident der Polizei Thüringen. Thomas Quittenbaum, der die Landespolizeiinspektion Jena leitete, kommt als neuer Vize-Präsident der Landespolizeidirektion nach Erfurt. Der bisherige LPD-Vizepräsident, Jens Kehr, wird Präsident des Landeskriminalamtes. Innenminister Georg Maier dankte dem bisherigen Polizeipräsidenten Uwe Brunnengräber, der zum Ende des Monats seinen wohlverdienten Ruhestand antritt, für seinen großen Einsatz beim Aufbau der Landespolizeidirektion. | Facebook". www.facebook.com. Retrieved 2024-02-04.
- ^ "About NSA". Archived from the original on 2010-01-10. Retrieved 2019-12-29.