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{{Short description|First black hole event observed jointly by LIGO and Virgo observatories, 2017-08-14}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2017}}
{{Infobox astronomical event
{{Infobox astronomical event
|image = GW170814_signal.png
|ra=3<sup>h</sup> 11<sup>m</sup>
|ra={{RA|3|11}}
|dec=−44° 57′
|dec={{DEC|-44|57}}
|energy= ≈ {{val|3|ul=solar mass}} × ''c''<sup>2</sup>
|energy= ≈ {{val|3|ul=solar mass}} × ''c''<sup>2</sup>
}}
}}
'''GW170104''' was a [[gravitational wave]] signal from two [[Binary black hole|merging black holes]], detected by the [[LIGO]] and [[Virgo interferometer|Virgo]] observatories on 14 August 2017. On 27 September 2017, the LIGO and Virgo collaborations announced the observation of the signal, the fourth confirmed event after [[GW170104]], [[GW150914]] and [[GW151226]]. It was the first binary black hole merger detected by LIGO and Virgo together.<ref>[https://dcc.ligo.org/public/0145/P170814/010/GW170814.pdf A three-detector observation of gravitational waves from a binary black hole coalescence], retrieved 27 September 2017</ref>
'''GW170814''' was a [[gravitational wave]] signal from two [[Binary black hole|merging black holes]], detected by the [[LIGO]] and [[Virgo interferometer|Virgo]] observatories on 14 August 2017.<ref name="NYT-20170927">{{cite news |last=Overbye |first=Dennis |author-link=Dennis Overbye |title=New Gravitational Wave Detection From Colliding Black Holes |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/27/science/black-holes-collision-ligo-virgo.html |date=27 September 2017 |work =[[The New York Times]] |access-date=28 September 2017 }}</ref> On 27 September 2017, the LIGO and Virgo collaborations announced the observation of the signal, the fourth confirmed event after [[GW150914]], [[GW151226]] and [[GW170104]]. It was the first binary black hole merger detected by LIGO and Virgo together.<ref name="PRL-20171006">{{cite journal |collaboration=LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration |last1=Abbott |first1=Benjamin P. |title=GW170814: A three-detector observation of gravitational waves from a binary black hole coalescence |journal=[[Physical Review Letters]] |volume=119 |issue=14 |pages=141101 |year=2017 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.141101 |arxiv=1709.09660 |bibcode=2017PhRvL.119n1101A |pmid=29053306|s2cid=46829350}}
*{{cite press release |title=Gravitational waves from a binary black hole merger observed by LIGO and Virgo |website=LIGO Scientific Collaboration |url=http://ligo.org/detections/GW170814/press-release/pr-english.pdf}}</ref>


==Event detection==
==Event detection==
[[file:GW170814.png|thumb|left|250px|Estimated location of GW170814.]]
The signal was detected at 10:30:43 [[UTC]]. The Livingston detector was the first to receive the signal, followed by the Hanford detector 8 milliseconds later and Virgo received the signal 14 milliseconds after Livingston. The detection in all three detectors lead to a very accurate estimate of the position of the source, with a 90% credible region of just 60 [[degree|deg]]<sup>2</sup>, a factor 20 more accurate than before.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xR6d8V5oh0o Update on Gravitational Wave Science from the LIGO-Virgo Scientific Collaborations] (Video of the press conference), retrieved 27 September 2017</ref>
The signal was detected at 10:30:43 [[UTC]]. The Livingston detector was the first to receive the signal, followed by the Hanford detector 8 milliseconds later and Virgo received the signal 14 milliseconds after Livingston. The detection in all three detectors lead to a very accurate estimate of the position of the source, with a 90% credible region of just 60 [[square degree|deg<sup>2</sup>]], a factor 20 times more accurate than before.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xR6d8V5oh0o Update on Gravitational Wave Science from the LIGO-Virgo Scientific Collaborations] (Video of the press conference), retrieved 27 September 2017</ref>


==Astrophysical origin==
==Astrophysical origin==

Analysis indicated the signal resulted from the [[inspiral]] and [[stellar collision|merger]] of a [[binary black hole|pair of black holes]] (BBH) with {{val|30.5|5.7|3.0}} and {{val|25.3|2.8|4.2}} times the [[Solar mass|mass of the Sun]], at a [[luminosity distance|distance]] of {{val|540|130|210|u=megaparsecs}} ({{val|1.8|0.4|0.7}} billion light years) from Earth. The resulting [[black hole]] had a mass of {{val|53.2|3.2|2.5}} solar masses, {{val|2.7|0.4|0.3}} solar masses having been radiated away as [[gravitational energy]]. The peak [[luminosity]] of GW170104 was {{val|3.7|0.5|0.5|e=49|ul=W}}.
Analysis indicated the signal resulted from the [[inspiral]] and [[stellar collision|merger]] of a [[binary black hole|pair of black holes]] (BBH) with {{val|30.5|5.7|3.0}} and {{val|25.3|2.8|4.2}} times the [[Solar mass|mass of the Sun]], at a [[luminosity distance|distance]] of {{val|540|130|210|u=megaparsecs}} ({{val|1.8|0.4|0.7}} billion light years) from Earth.<ref name=Lincoln>[http://www.cnn.com/2017/10/01/opinions/gravitational-waves-black-holes-opinion-lincoln/index.html New detectors reveal a cosmic calamity]. Don Lincoln, CNN News, 1 October 2017</ref> The resulting [[black hole]] had a mass of {{val|53.2|3.2|2.5}} solar masses, {{val|2.7|0.4|0.3}} solar masses having been radiated away as [[gravitational energy]]. The peak [[luminosity]] of GW170814 was {{val|3.7|0.5|0.5|e=49|ul=W}}.

==Implications for general relativity==
[[General relativity]] predicts that gravitational waves have a [[tensor]]-like (spin-2) [[Polarization (waves)|polarization]]. The detection in all three detectors led to strong experimental evidence for pure [[gravitational wave#Effects of passing|tensor polarization]] over pure scalar or pure vector polarizations.<ref name="PRL-20171006"/><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nature.com/news/european-detector-spots-its-first-gravitational-wave-1.22690?WT.mc_id=TWT_NatureNews&sf117118315=1|publisher=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]]|work=Elizabeth Gibney & Davide Castelvecchi|title=European detector spots its first gravitational wave|date=27 September 2017|access-date=27 September 2017}}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
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==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.ligo.org/detections/images/GW170814-FactSheet.pdf GW170814 – FactSheet] – LIGO
* {{youtube|BakMSko9VA0|GW170814 – Gravitational-waves observed by Virgo & LIGO}}


{{Gravitational-wave observatories}}
{{Gravitational-wave observatories}}
{{2017 in space}}
{{portal bar|Astronomy|Physics}}
{{portal bar|Astronomy|Physics}}


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[[Category:Stellar black holes]]
[[Category:Stellar black holes]]
[[Category:2017 in science]]
[[Category:2017 in science]]
[[Category:2017 in outer space]]

Latest revision as of 01:56, 9 August 2024

GW170814
The signal of GW170814 measured by Hanford, Livingston and Virgo
Right ascension3h 11m
Declination−44° 57′
Total energy output≈ 3 M☉ × c2
Other designationsGW170814
  Related media on Commons
[edit on Wikidata]

GW170814 was a gravitational wave signal from two merging black holes, detected by the LIGO and Virgo observatories on 14 August 2017.[1] On 27 September 2017, the LIGO and Virgo collaborations announced the observation of the signal, the fourth confirmed event after GW150914, GW151226 and GW170104. It was the first binary black hole merger detected by LIGO and Virgo together.[2]

Event detection

[edit]
Estimated location of GW170814.

The signal was detected at 10:30:43 UTC. The Livingston detector was the first to receive the signal, followed by the Hanford detector 8 milliseconds later and Virgo received the signal 14 milliseconds after Livingston. The detection in all three detectors lead to a very accurate estimate of the position of the source, with a 90% credible region of just 60 deg2, a factor 20 times more accurate than before.[3]

Astrophysical origin

[edit]

Analysis indicated the signal resulted from the inspiral and merger of a pair of black holes (BBH) with 30.5+5.7
−3.0 and 25.3+2.8
−4.2 times the mass of the Sun, at a distance of 540+130
−210 megaparsecs (1.8+0.4
−0.7 billion light years) from Earth.[4] The resulting black hole had a mass of 53.2+3.2
−2.5 solar masses, 2.7+0.4
−0.3 solar masses having been radiated away as gravitational energy. The peak luminosity of GW170814 was 3.7+0.5
−0.5×1049 W.

Implications for general relativity

[edit]

General relativity predicts that gravitational waves have a tensor-like (spin-2) polarization. The detection in all three detectors led to strong experimental evidence for pure tensor polarization over pure scalar or pure vector polarizations.[2][5]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Overbye, Dennis (27 September 2017). "New Gravitational Wave Detection From Colliding Black Holes". The New York Times. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  2. ^ a b Abbott, Benjamin P.; et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration) (2017). "GW170814: A three-detector observation of gravitational waves from a binary black hole coalescence". Physical Review Letters. 119 (14): 141101. arXiv:1709.09660. Bibcode:2017PhRvL.119n1101A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.141101. PMID 29053306. S2CID 46829350.
  3. ^ Update on Gravitational Wave Science from the LIGO-Virgo Scientific Collaborations (Video of the press conference), retrieved 27 September 2017
  4. ^ New detectors reveal a cosmic calamity. Don Lincoln, CNN News, 1 October 2017
  5. ^ "European detector spots its first gravitational wave". Elizabeth Gibney & Davide Castelvecchi. Nature. 27 September 2017. Retrieved 27 September 2017.
[edit]
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