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{{Short description|18th-century Vietnamese military leader and royal of the Tây Sơn dynasty}}
'''Nguyễn Lữ''' ([[chữ Hán]]: 阮侶; 1754-1787) also called '''Nguyễn Văn Lữ''' (chữ Hán: 阮文侶) was youngest of the three Tây Sơn brothers who formed Vietnam's short-lived [[Tây Sơn Dynasty]]. His older brothers were Emperor [[Thái Đức]], common name [[Nguyễn Nhạc]] and Emperor [[Quang Trung]], common name [[Nguyễn Huệ]].<ref>Nghia M. Vo ''Saigon: A History'' 2011 Page 30 "The three brothers Nguyễn Nhạc, Nguyễn Lữ, and Nguyễn Huệ led the revolt against the Nguyễn lords. Born from the Hồ family, they were related to Hồ Quí Ly, the 15th-century regent of the Thăng Long (Hà Nội) court. Between 1653 and ... "</ref> After defeating the Nguyễn Lords and seizing Saigon in 1783 Nguyễn Lữ became king of the South, while Nguyễn Nhạc was crowned king of central Vietnam.<ref>Lonely Planet Vietnam - Nick Ray, Yu-Mei Balasingamchow 2010 Page 32 "In 1783 they captured Saigon and the South from the Nguyen Lords, killing the reigning prince and his family. Nguyen Lu became king of the South, while Nguyen Nhac was crowned king of central Vietnam. Continuing their conquests, the Tay Son"</ref>
{{Infobox royalty
| name = Nguyễn Lữ
| title = Đông Định vương
| image = Nguyen Lu.jpg
| image_size =
| caption =
| reign = 1786–1787
| era dates =
| full name = Nguyễn Lữ ({{linktext|阮|侶}})<br>Nguyễn Văn Lữ ({{linktext|阮|文|呂}})
| predecessor =
| successor =
| spouse =
| house = [[Tây Sơn dynasty]]
| posthumous name =
| birth_date = ?
| birth_place = [[Bình Định]], [[Đàng Trong]], [[Đại Việt]]
| death_date = 1787
| death_place = [[Quy Nhơn]], Đại Việt
| father = Hồ Phi Phúc (or Nguyễn Phi Phúc)
| mother =
}}
'''Nguyễn Lữ''' ({{lang-vi-hantu|阮侶}}; died 1787), also known by the title of '''Đông Định vương''' (東定王, "king of Eastern Conquering"{{noteTag|name=siamname|1=Nguyễn Lữ was referred to as ''Ong Tinh Wuang'' ({{langx|th|องติเวือง}}) in [[Siam]]ese records;<ref name="thairecord16">{{cite book|url=https://vajirayana.org/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C-%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88-%E0%B9%91/%E0%B9%91%E0%B9%96-%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%8B%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99|title=พระราชพงศาวดารกรุงรัตนโกสินทร์ รัชกาลที่ 1|author=เจ้าพระยาทิพากรวงศ์ (ขำ บุนนาค)|authorlink=Chaophraya Thiphakorawong|chapter=16. ทัพพระยานครสวรรค์ไปตีเมืองไซ่ง่อน}}</ref> ''Ong Tinh Wuang'' derived from the Vietnamese word ''[[:wikt:ông|Ông]] Định vương'' ("Sir ''Định vương''").<ref>[https://nghiencuulichsu.com/2017/09/08/tuong-quan-xiem-viet-cuoi-the-ki-xviii/ Tương quan Xiêm – Việt cuối thế kỉ XVIII]</ref>}}), was the one of the Tây Sơn brothers who formed short-lived [[Tây Sơn dynasty]] of [[Vietnam]].


==Biography==
⚫
== References and notes ==
Lữ had two brothers: Emperor [[Thái Đức]], common name [[Nguyễn Nhạc]]; and Emperor [[Quang Trung]], common name [[Nguyễn Huệ]].<ref>Nghia M. Vo ''Saigon: A History'' 2011 Page 30 "The three brothers Nguyễn Nhạc, Nguyễn Lữ, and Nguyễn Huệ led the revolt against the [[Nguyễn lords]]. Born from the Hồ family, they were related to Hồ Quý Ly, the 15th-century regent of the Thăng Long (Hà Nội) court. Between 1653 and ... "</ref> According to ''[[Đại Nam thực lục|Đại Nam chính biên liệt truyện]]'', the three brothers, listed from eldest to youngest, were Nguyễn Nhạc, Nguyễn Lữ, Nguyễn Huệ; However, other source reported that he was the youngest one among Tây Sơn brothers. He had two nicknames: ''[[wikt:thầy|thầy]] [[wikt:tư|Tư]] Lữ'' (Fourth Master Lữ ) and ''[[wikt:đức|Đức]] [[wikt:ông|ông]] [[wikt:bảy|Bảy]]'' (Virtuous Sir Seven).
{{Reflist}}


After defeating the Nguyễn Lords and seizing Saigon in 1783 Nguyễn Lữ became king of the South, while Nguyễn Nhạc was crowned king of central Vietnam.<ref>Lonely Planet Vietnam - Nick Ray, Yu-Mei Balasingamchow 2010 Page 32 "In 1783 they captured Saigon and the South from the Nguyen Lords, killing the reigning prince and his family. Nguyễn Lữ became the king of the South, while Nguyen Nhac was crowned king of central Vietnam. Continuing their conquests, the Tay Son"</ref> Two generals, [[Đặng Văn Chân]] and [[Phạm Văn Tham]], were left in [[Gia Định]] to assist him.
⚫
{{DEFAULTSORT:Nguyen, Nhac}}

⚫
[[Category:Tây Sơn dynasty generals]]
A civil war broke out between Nguyễn Nhạc and Nguyễn Huệ in 1787, the main forces withdrew from Gia Định, and marched north to support Nhạc. Getting the information, [[Nguyễn Ánh]] returned to Vietnam. Nguyễn Lữ was afraid, and retreated to [[Biên Hòa]], leaving Phạm Văn Tham to defend [[Saigon]]. Ánh forged a letter from Nhạc to Lữ, and sent it to Tham. In the letter, Nhạc described Tham as an overbearing man, and ordered Lữ to kill Tham. After receiving the letter, Tham marched to Biên Hòa, with a white flag in front of the army, to justify his wrongful treatment. But the white flag was mistaken for Tham's surrender to Nguyễn lord, Nguyễn Lữ abandoned his troops and his fief, fled to [[Quy Nhơn]] and sought refuge with his elder brother Nguyễn Nhạc. Not long after he died there.<ref name=suluoc12>''[[Việt Nam sử lược]]'', [[:s:vi:Việt Nam sử lược/Quyển II/Tự chủ thời đại/Chương XII|Quyển 2, Tự chủ thời đại, Chương 12]]</ref><ref name=dainam>''[[Đại Nam thực lục|Đại Nam chính biên liệt truyện]]'', [[:s:zh:大南正編列傳初集/卷三十|vol. 30]]</ref>
[[Category:1754 births]]

==See also==
* [[Nguyễn Nhạc]]
* [[Nguyễn Huệ]]

==Footnote==
{{reflist|group=note}}

⚫
==References==
{{reflist|4}}

⚫
{{DEFAULTSORT:Nguyen, Lu}}
⚫
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]
[[Category:1787 deaths]]
[[Category:1787 deaths]]
[[Category:Vietnamese rebels]]
[[Category:People from Bình Định province]]
[[Category:People from Binh Dinh Province]]
[[Category:Tây Sơn dynasty generals]]
[[Category:Vietnamese people of Zhejiang descent]]

Latest revision as of 10:20, 31 October 2024

Nguyễn Lữ
Đông Định vương
Reign1786–1787
Born?
Bình Định, Đàng Trong, Đại Việt
Died1787
Quy Nhơn, Đại Việt
Names
Nguyễn Lữ (阮侶)
Nguyễn Văn Lữ (阮文呂)
HouseTây Sơn dynasty
FatherHồ Phi Phúc (or Nguyễn Phi Phúc)

Nguyễn Lữ (chữ Hán: 阮侶; died 1787), also known by the title of Đông Định vương (東定王, "king of Eastern Conquering"[note 1]), was the one of the Tây Sơn brothers who formed short-lived Tây Sơn dynasty of Vietnam.

Biography

[edit]

Lữ had two brothers: Emperor Thái Đức, common name Nguyễn Nhạc; and Emperor Quang Trung, common name Nguyễn Huệ.[3] According to Đại Nam chính biên liệt truyện, the three brothers, listed from eldest to youngest, were Nguyễn Nhạc, Nguyễn Lữ, Nguyễn Huệ; However, other source reported that he was the youngest one among Tây Sơn brothers. He had two nicknames: thầy Tư Lữ (Fourth Master Lữ ) and Đức ông Bảy (Virtuous Sir Seven).

After defeating the Nguyễn Lords and seizing Saigon in 1783 Nguyễn Lữ became king of the South, while Nguyễn Nhạc was crowned king of central Vietnam.[4] Two generals, Đặng Văn Chân and Phạm Văn Tham, were left in Gia Định to assist him.

A civil war broke out between Nguyễn Nhạc and Nguyễn Huệ in 1787, the main forces withdrew from Gia Định, and marched north to support Nhạc. Getting the information, Nguyễn Ánh returned to Vietnam. Nguyễn Lữ was afraid, and retreated to Biên Hòa, leaving Phạm Văn Tham to defend Saigon. Ánh forged a letter from Nhạc to Lữ, and sent it to Tham. In the letter, Nhạc described Tham as an overbearing man, and ordered Lữ to kill Tham. After receiving the letter, Tham marched to Biên Hòa, with a white flag in front of the army, to justify his wrongful treatment. But the white flag was mistaken for Tham's surrender to Nguyễn lord, Nguyễn Lữ abandoned his troops and his fief, fled to Quy Nhơn and sought refuge with his elder brother Nguyễn Nhạc. Not long after he died there.[5][6]

See also

[edit]

Footnote

[edit]
  1. ^ Nguyễn Lữ was referred to as Ong Tinh Wuang (Thai: องติเวือง) in Siamese records;[1] Ong Tinh Wuang derived from the Vietnamese word Ông Định vương ("Sir Định vương").[2]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ เจ้าพระยาทิพากรวงศ์ (ขำ บุนนาค). "16. ทัพพระยานครสวรรค์ไปตีเมืองไซ่ง่อน". พระราชพงศาวดารกรุงรัตนโกสินทร์ รัชกาลที่ 1.
  2. ^ Tương quan Xiêm – Việt cuối thế kỉ XVIII
  3. ^ Nghia M. Vo Saigon: A History 2011 Page 30 "The three brothers Nguyễn Nhạc, Nguyễn Lữ, and Nguyễn Huệ led the revolt against the Nguyễn lords. Born from the Hồ family, they were related to Hồ Quý Ly, the 15th-century regent of the Thăng Long (Hà Nội) court. Between 1653 and ... "
  4. ^ Lonely Planet Vietnam - Nick Ray, Yu-Mei Balasingamchow 2010 Page 32 "In 1783 they captured Saigon and the South from the Nguyen Lords, killing the reigning prince and his family. Nguyễn Lữ became the king of the South, while Nguyen Nhac was crowned king of central Vietnam. Continuing their conquests, the Tay Son"
  5. ^ Việt Nam sử lược, Quyển 2, Tự chủ thời đại, Chương 12
  6. ^ Đại Nam chính biên liệt truyện, vol. 30
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