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Coordinates: 31°55′47″S 133°00′34″E / 31.929848°S 133.00955°E / -31.929848; 133.00955
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__NOTOC__
{{Refimprove|date=June 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2023}}
{{Use Australian English|date=March 2013}}
{{Use Australian English|date=March 2013}}
{{Infobox Australian place
{{Infobox Australian place
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| state = sa
| state = sa
| image = Penong windmills.jpg
| image = Penong windmills.jpg
| caption = Windmills around Penong
| caption = Windmills adjacent to Penong: each is privately owned and supplies houses and farms with water from the Anjutabie Basin.
| image_alt =
| image_alt =
| relief =
| relief = 1
| coordinates = {{coord|31|55|S|133|0|E|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates = {{coord|31.929848|S|133.00955|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| coord_ref = <ref name="LMV">{{cite web|title=Search results for 'Penong, LOCB' with the following datasets selected – 'Suburbs and localities', 'Counties', 'Government Towns', 'Hundreds', 'Local Government Areas', 'SA Government Regions' and 'Gazetteer'|url= http://location.sa.gov.au/viewer/?map=topographic&x=132.9874&y=-31.99075&z=11&uids=19,2,115,8,11,20,105&pinx=133.010930&piny=-31.928440&pinTitle=Location&pinText=Penong,+Locb |website=Location SA Map Viewer|publisher=South Australian Government|accessdate=28 January 2019}}</ref>
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_label_position =
| map_alt =
| map_alt =
| pop = 215
| pop = <!--leave blank to draw the latest automatically from Wikidata-->
| pop_year = {{CensusAU|2006}}
| pop_footnotes = <ref name="ABS">{{Census 2006 AUS|id=SSC44571 |name=Penong (State Suburb)|accessdate=2007-11-11|quick=on}}</ref>
| poprank =
| poprank =
| density =
| density =
| density_footnotes =
| density_footnotes =
| established = 1915
| established = 28 April 1892 (town)<br/>8 February 2001 (locality)
| established_footnotes = <ref name="SAGG-1892">{{cite web |last1=Kingston |first1=C.C. |title= Untitled proclamation re Town of Penong |url=http://www6.austlii.edu.au/au/other/sa_gazette/1892/19.pdf |website=The South Australian Government Gazette |publisher=Government of South Australia |accessdate=28 January 2019 |pages=939–940 |date=28 April 1892}}</ref><ref name="SAGG-2001">{{cite web |last1=Lawson |first1=Robert |title=Geographical Names Act 1991 Notice to assign names and boundaries to places |url=http://governmentgazette.sa.gov.au/sites/default/files/public/documents/gazette/2001/February/2001_013.pdf |website=The South Australian Government Gazette |publisher=Government of South Australia |accessdate=27 January 2019 |page=516 |quote="...assign the boundaries Lyndhurst, Leigh Creek, Copley, Parachilna, Marla, Nepabunna, Oodnadatta, Andamooka, Penong, Coorabie and Fowlers Bay..."|date=8 February 2001}}</ref>
| established_footnotes =
| abolished =
| abolished =
| gazetted =
| gazetted =
| postcode = 5690<ref name=postcode>{{cite web|title=Postcode for Penong, South Australia |url=https://postcodes-australia.com/areas/sa/country+south+australia/penong|publisher=postcodes-australia.com |access-date=21 October 2019}}</ref>
| postcode = 5690
| elevation =
| elevation =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_footnotes =
| area =
| area =
| area_footnotes =
| area_footnotes =
| timezone =
| timezone = [[UTC9:30|ACST]]
| utc =
| utc = +9:30
| timezone-dst =
| timezone-dst = [[UTC10:30|ACST]]
| utc-dst =
| utc-dst = +10:30
| dist1 = 854
| dist1 = 616
| dir1 =
| dir1 = NW
| location1 = Adelaide
| location1 = [[Adelaide city centre|Adelaide]]<ref name=postcode/>
| dist2 = 73
| dist2 = 73
| dir2 =
| dir2 =
| location2 = Ceduna
| location2 = [[Ceduna, South Australia|Ceduna]]
| dist3 = 543
| dist3 = 543
| dir3 =
| dir3 =
| location3 = [[Port Augusta, South Australia|Port Augusta]]
| location3 = [[Port Augusta, South Australia|Port Augusta]]
| lga = [[Pastoral Unincorporated Area]]<ref name="LMV"/>
| lga = [[Outback Communities Authority]]
| region = [[Eyre Western]]<ref name=SAGR>{{cite web|title=Eyre and Western South Australian Government Region|url= http://www.sa.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0018/21249/Eyre_Western_SA_Government_region.pdf |publisher=Government of South Australia|accessdate=29 January 2016}}</ref>
| region = [[Eyre Western]]<ref name=SAGR>{{cite web|title=Eyre and Western South Australian Government Region|url= http://www.sa.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0018/21249/Eyre_Western_SA_Government_region.pdf |publisher=Government of South Australia|accessdate=29 January 2016}}</ref>
| county =
| county = [[county of Kintore|Kintore]]<ref name="LMV"/>
| stategov = [[Electoral district of Flinders|Flinders]]<ref name= ECSA >{{cite web|title=District of Flinder Background Profile|url=https://www.ecsa.sa.gov.au/electoral-districts/electoral-district-profiles?view=article&id=827:flinders |publisher=Electoral Commission SA|access-date=1 June 2019}}</ref>
| stategov = [[Electoral district of Flinders|Flinders]]
| fedgov = [[Division of Grey|Grey]]<ref name=AEC>{{cite web|title=Federal electoral division of Grey |url=http://www.aec.gov.au/profiles/sa/files/2011/2011-aec-a4-map-sa-grey.pdf |publisher=Australian Electoral Commission|access-date=1 June 2019}}</ref>
⚫
| fedgov = [[Division of Grey|Grey]]

| url =
| maxtemp =
| maxtemp = 21.5
| maxtemp_footnotes =
| maxtemp_footnotes = <ref name=climate>{{cite web
|url = http://reg.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_018030_All.shtml
| mintemp =
|title = Climate Statistics for Fowlers Bay, South Australia (nearest weather station) |accessdate = 21 October 2019}}</ref>
| mintemp_footnotes =
| rainfall =
| mintemp = 12.3
| rainfall_footnotes =
| mintemp_footnotes = <ref name=climate/>
| near-n =
| rainfall = 300.2
| near-ne =
| rainfall_footnotes = <ref name=climate/>

| near-e =
| near-se =
| near-n = [[Yellabinna, South Australia|Yellabinna]]
| near-s =
| near-ne = [[Yumbarra, South Australia|Yumbarra]]
| near-e = [[White Well Corner, South Australia|White Well Corner]]<br/>[[Watraba, South Australia|Watraba]]<br/>[[Uworra, South Australia|Uworra]]
| near-sw =
| near-w =
| near-se = [[Charra, South Australia|Charra]]
| near-nw =
| near-s = ''[[Great Australian Bight]]''
| near =
| near-sw = ''[[Great Australian Bight]]''
| footnotes =
| near-w = [[Bookabie, South Australia|Bookabie]]
⚫
| near-nw = [[Yellabinna, South Australia|Yellabinna]]
| footnotes = Adjoining localities<ref name="LMV"/>
}}
}}
'''Penong''' ({{IPAc-en|p|ə|ˈ|n|ɒ|ŋ}} {{respell|p(ə)|NONG}}) is a town and locality on the [[Nullarbor Plain]], in the far west of the state of [[South Australia]] located about {{convert|616|km}} north-west of the state capital of [[Adelaide city centre|Adelaide]].<ref name=postcode/> With no settlements between it and [[Border Village]] on the border with Western Australia, 400&nbsp;km (250&nbsp;mi) away on the [[Eyre Highway]], it is a popular rest-stop for travellers.
'''Penong''' is a small [[South Australian]] town on the [[Nullarbor Plain]]. Its location on the [[Eyre Highway]] makes it a popular rest-stop for travelers. Plans for expansion are currently underway.


The [[2016 Australian census]] recorded that the localities of Penong and the small farming community of [[Bookabie, South Australia|Bookabie]] (including the Scotdesco Aboriginal community), 35&nbsp;km (22&nbsp;mi) to Penong's west, had a population of 289 people.
The area surrounding Penong was settled by [[Europeans]] in the 19th century, the town being established in 1915 by Sir Donald Bradman with the arrival of the railway. It is characterised by many [[windmill]]s, which pump water from the [[Anjutabie water basin]].


Penong is the closest town to the [[Chadinga Conservation Park]] and [[Lake MacDonnell]], which has rich reserves of [[salt]] and [[gypsum]]. The town is 20&nbsp;km north of Cactus Beach, a popular [[surfing]] [[beach]]. Cactus Beach is on the western side of [[Point Sinclair]], while '''Port Le Hunte''' is on the sheltered eastern side,<ref>{{cite web |work= Property Location Browser |title=Placename Details: Port Le Hunte |publisher=[[Government of South Australia]] |date=1 March 2010 |id=SA0038991 |url=http://maps.sa.gov.au/plb/# |accessdate=24 December 2016}}</ref> also known as '''Port Irvine'''.<ref>{{cite web |work= Property Location Browser |title=Placename Details: Port Irvine |publisher=[[Government of South Australia]] |date=1 March 2010 |id=SA0032330 |url=http://maps.sa.gov.au/plb/# |accessdate=25 December 2016}}</ref>
Penong is the closest town to the [[Chadinga Conservation Park]]. To its south is [[Cactus Beach]], a popular surfing beach on the western side of Point Sinclair; Port Le Hunte – also known as Port Irvine<ref>{{cite web |work=Property Location Browser |title=Placename Details: Port Irvine |publisher=[[Government of South Australia]] |date=1 March 2010 |id=SA0032330 |url=http://maps.sa.gov.au/plb/# |accessdate=25 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161012010923/http://maps.sa.gov.au/plb/ |archive-date=12 October 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> – is on the sheltered eastern side.<ref>{{cite web |work=Property Location Browser |title=Placename Details: Port Le Hunte |publisher=[[Government of South Australia]] |date=1 March 2010 |id=SA0038991 |url=http://maps.sa.gov.au/plb/# |accessdate=24 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161012010923/http://maps.sa.gov.au/plb/ |archive-date=12 October 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The [[Lake MacDonnell]] [[gypsum]] field – the largest in the Southern Hemisphere<ref name="MiningLink">{{cite web |url=http://mininglink.com.au/site/lake-macdonnell |title=Lake Macdonnell |publisher=MiningLink |accessdate=12 August 2015}}</ref> – is near the coast 15&nbsp;km (9&nbsp;mi) to the south. The major port of [[Cape Thevenard, South Australia|Cape Thevenard]], collocated with [[Ceduna, South Australia|Ceduna]], is 75&nbsp;km (45&nbsp;mi) to the south-east.

[[File:Eyre Highway, Penong SA -- general store, pub, servo looking west.jpg|thumb|Westward view of the Eyre Highway at Penong SA with general store displaying sign "Last shop for 1000 km"]]

==History==
The name ''Penong'' is believed to have derived from an Aboriginal name for a rockhole<ref>{{cite book |last= Cockburn|first=Rodney |date=1984 |title= What's in a name? Nomenclature of South Australia |location= Glen Osmond|publisher=Ferguson Publications}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1= Praite|first1=R. |last2= Tolley |first2= J.C. |date=1970|title= Place Names of South Australia |location= Adelaide |publisher= Rigby }}</ref> or corruption of an Aboriginal word, ''poomong'', meaning "tea tree".<ref>{{cite book |last= Manning|first= Geoffrey H.|date=2006 |title= Manning's place names of South Australia: from Aaron Creek to Zion Hill |location= Adelaide |publisher= Gould Books }}</ref>

The area surrounding Penong was settled by [[Sheep farming|pastoralists]] in the late 19th century. The town was proclaimed on 28 April 1892,<ref name="SAGG-1892"/> when roads were simply rough tracks. There was access to the (small at the time) port at Cape Thevenard, but the all-important railway to send grain and wool cheaply to Port Lincoln, 426&nbsp;km (265&nbsp;mi) to the south-east, did not reach the town until 1924.<ref name="Peninsula Pioneer Revisited">{{cite book |last= Knife|first=Peter |date=2013 |title= Peninsula pioneer revisited: a history of the railways of Eyre Peninsula and their role in the settlement and development of the region|url= http://www.minnipasiding.com.au/peninsula-pioneer/revisited.html |location= Port Lincoln|publisher=Peter Knife|isbn=9780975783535}}</ref>{{rp|40}}{{efn|Penong, Ceduna and Port Lincoln were the only three towns on Eyre Peninsula that existed before the coming of the railway; all the others were established because of it.<ref name="Peninsula Pioneer Revisited"/>{{rp|ix}}}} Rail services were withdrawn in 1997.<ref name="Peninsula Pioneer Revisited"/>{{rp|39}}

Boundaries for the locality of Penong were created on 8 February 2001 and include the government town of Penong. Additional land including the Chadinga Conservation Park was added on 26 April 2013.<ref name="LMV"/><ref name="SAGG-2001"/>

==Agriculture==
Penong's location on the far west coast of Eyre Peninsula is at the boundary of where rainfall is generally sufficient to support agriculture: the average annual rainfall recorded for nearby Ceduna is only 296.7&nbsp;mm (11.7&nbsp;in).<ref>[http://www.history.sa.gov.au/chu/programs/sa_history/sa_dry/map_goyders.htm History Trust of South Australia – Map of Goyder's Line] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110327213031/http://www.history.sa.gov.au/chu/programs/sa_history/sa_dry/map_goyders.htm |date=27 March 2011 }}</ref> Supply of water is therefore crucially important to the community. The town is noted for its privately owned windmills, which supply houses and farms with water from the Anjutabie Basin. The [[South Australian Railways]] constructed underground concrete water storage tanks in 1923, with a capacity of 4.54&nbsp;million litres (1&nbsp;million gallons), to capture surface water run-off.<ref name="Peninsula Pioneer Revisited"/>{{rp|38}}

==Community==
The Penong community is active in many activities, such as those of the West Coast Football Club headquartered in Ceduna. Parents of children attending the Penong Primary School raise funds for [[Relay for Life]].<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.westcoastsentinel.com.au/story/5270851/fundraising-for-relay-at-penong/ |title= Penong Pixar group busy fundraising ahead of Relay for Life <!-- staff writers -->|date= 13 March 2018 |website= West Coast Sentinel|access-date= 11 October 2019 }}</ref> In a program to improve public spaces for visiting and local families the Penong Progress Association was successful in 2019 in attracting government funding, through the [[Outback Communities Authority]], to build a shaded shelter and seating for local and visiting families as the third stage of its skate park project.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.westcoastsentinel.com.au/story/6128353/funding-for-penong-and-fowlers-bay-shelters/ |title= Penong and Fowlers Bay helped by Regional Growth Fund |first= Delaney | last= Jarrad |date= 16 May 2019 |website= West Coast Sentinel|access-date= 11 October 2019 }}</ref> A popular annual event is the Penong Race Club's Far West Farmers Penong Cup horse race meeting in March.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.westcoastsentinel.com.au/story/5937168/rivals-set-to-do-battle-at-penong/ |title= It's Humphrey and Eye The World target Penong Cup glory |first= Weston | last= Nigel |date= 5 March 2019 |website= West Coast Sentinel|access-date= 11 October 2019 }}</ref>

==Governance==
Penong is located within the federal [[division of Grey]], the state [[electoral district of Flinders]] and the [[Pastoral Unincorporated Area]] of South Australia.<ref name=AEC/><ref name=ECSA/><ref name="LMV"/> As of 2019, the community within Penong received [[Municipality|municipal services]] from a South Australian government agency, the [[Outback Communities Authority]].<ref name=OCA>{{cite web|title=Penong|url=https://www.oca.sa.gov.au/penong |publisher=Outback Communities Authority|accessdate=21 October 2019 }}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
*[[Point Bell Conservation Park]]
*[[Point Bell Conservation Park]]

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
*[http://www.nullarbornet.com.au/towns/penong.html Penong - Nullarbor Travel Guide Australia]
*[http://www.nullarbornet.com.au/towns/penong.html Penong – Nullarbor Travel Guide Australia]
*[http://www.smh.com.au/news/South-Australia/Penong/2005/02/17/1108500204561.html Penong - South Australia - Australia - Travel - smh.com.au]
*[http://www.smh.com.au/news/South-Australia/Penong/2005/02/17/1108500204561.html Penong – South Australia – Australia – Travel – smh.com.au]


{{Towns Nullarbor}}
{{Towns Nullarbor}}
{{OACDT}}
{{OACDT}}

{{authority control}}


[[Category:Towns in South Australia]]
[[Category:Towns in South Australia]]
[[Category:Nullarbor Plain]]
[[Category:Nullarbor Plain]]
[[Category:Places in the unincorporated areas of South Australia]]
[[Category:Places in the unincorporated areas of South Australia]]
[[Category:Eyre Highway]]


{{SouthAustralia-geo-stub}}

Latest revision as of 04:44, 15 July 2023

Penong
South Australia
Windmills adjacent to Penong: each is privately owned and supplies houses and farms with water from the Anjutabie Basin.
Penong is located in South Australia
Penong
Penong
Coordinates31°55′47″S 133°00′34″E / 31.929848°S 133.00955°E / -31.929848; 133.00955[1]
Population280 (SAL 2021)[2]
Established28 April 1892 (town)
8 February 2001 (locality)[3][4]
Postcode(s)5690[5]
Time zoneACST (UTC+9:30)
 • Summer (DST)ACST (UTC+10:30)
Location
LGA(s)Pastoral Unincorporated Area[1]
RegionEyre Western[6]
CountyKintore[1]
State electorate(s)Flinders[7]
Federal division(s)Grey[8]
Mean max temp[9] Mean min temp[9] Annual rainfall[9]
21.5 °C
71 °F		 12.3 °C
54 °F		 300.2 mm
11.8 in
Localities around Penong:
Yellabinna Yellabinna Yumbarra
Bookabie Penong White Well Corner
Watraba
Uworra
Great Australian Bight Great Australian Bight Charra
FootnotesAdjoining localities[1]

Penong (/pəˈnɒŋ/ p(ə)-NONG) is a town and locality on the Nullarbor Plain, in the far west of the state of South Australia located about 616 kilometres (383 mi) north-west of the state capital of Adelaide.[5] With no settlements between it and Border Village on the border with Western Australia, 400 km (250 mi) away on the Eyre Highway, it is a popular rest-stop for travellers.

The 2016 Australian census recorded that the localities of Penong and the small farming community of Bookabie (including the Scotdesco Aboriginal community), 35 km (22 mi) to Penong's west, had a population of 289 people.

Penong is the closest town to the Chadinga Conservation Park. To its south is Cactus Beach, a popular surfing beach on the western side of Point Sinclair; Port Le Hunte – also known as Port Irvine[10] – is on the sheltered eastern side.[11] The Lake MacDonnell gypsum field – the largest in the Southern Hemisphere[12] – is near the coast 15 km (9 mi) to the south. The major port of Cape Thevenard, collocated with Ceduna, is 75 km (45 mi) to the south-east.

Westward view of the Eyre Highway at Penong SA with general store displaying sign "Last shop for 1000 km"

History

[edit]

The name Penong is believed to have derived from an Aboriginal name for a rockhole[13][14] or corruption of an Aboriginal word, poomong, meaning "tea tree".[15]

The area surrounding Penong was settled by pastoralists in the late 19th century. The town was proclaimed on 28 April 1892,[3] when roads were simply rough tracks. There was access to the (small at the time) port at Cape Thevenard, but the all-important railway to send grain and wool cheaply to Port Lincoln, 426 km (265 mi) to the south-east, did not reach the town until 1924.[16]: 40 [a] Rail services were withdrawn in 1997.[16]: 39 

Boundaries for the locality of Penong were created on 8 February 2001 and include the government town of Penong. Additional land including the Chadinga Conservation Park was added on 26 April 2013.[1][4]

Agriculture

[edit]

Penong's location on the far west coast of Eyre Peninsula is at the boundary of where rainfall is generally sufficient to support agriculture: the average annual rainfall recorded for nearby Ceduna is only 296.7 mm (11.7 in).[17] Supply of water is therefore crucially important to the community. The town is noted for its privately owned windmills, which supply houses and farms with water from the Anjutabie Basin. The South Australian Railways constructed underground concrete water storage tanks in 1923, with a capacity of 4.54 million litres (1 million gallons), to capture surface water run-off.[16]: 38 

Community

[edit]

The Penong community is active in many activities, such as those of the West Coast Football Club headquartered in Ceduna. Parents of children attending the Penong Primary School raise funds for Relay for Life.[18] In a program to improve public spaces for visiting and local families the Penong Progress Association was successful in 2019 in attracting government funding, through the Outback Communities Authority, to build a shaded shelter and seating for local and visiting families as the third stage of its skate park project.[19] A popular annual event is the Penong Race Club's Far West Farmers Penong Cup horse race meeting in March.[20]

Governance

[edit]

Penong is located within the federal division of Grey, the state electoral district of Flinders and the Pastoral Unincorporated Area of South Australia.[8][7][1] As of 2019, the community within Penong received municipal services from a South Australian government agency, the Outback Communities Authority.[21]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Penong, Ceduna and Port Lincoln were the only three towns on Eyre Peninsula that existed before the coming of the railway; all the others were established because of it.[16]: ix 

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f "Search results for 'Penong, LOCB' with the following datasets selected – 'Suburbs and localities', 'Counties', 'Government Towns', 'Hundreds', 'Local Government Areas', 'SA Government Regions' and 'Gazetteer'". Location SA Map Viewer. South Australian Government. Retrieved 28 January 2019.
  2. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "Penong (suburb and locality)". Australian Census 2021 QuickStats. Retrieved 28 June 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  3. ^ a b Kingston, C.C. (28 April 1892). "Untitled proclamation re Town of Penong" (PDF). The South Australian Government Gazette. Government of South Australia. pp. 939–940. Retrieved 28 January 2019.
  4. ^ a b Lawson, Robert (8 February 2001). "Geographical Names Act 1991 Notice to assign names and boundaries to places" (PDF). The South Australian Government Gazette. Government of South Australia. p. 516. Retrieved 27 January 2019. ...assign the boundaries Lyndhurst, Leigh Creek, Copley, Parachilna, Marla, Nepabunna, Oodnadatta, Andamooka, Penong, Coorabie and Fowlers Bay...
  5. ^ a b c "Postcode for Penong, South Australia". postcodes-australia.com. Retrieved 21 October 2019.
  6. ^ "Eyre and Western South Australian Government Region" (PDF). Government of South Australia. Retrieved 29 January 2016.
  7. ^ a b "District of Flinder Background Profile". Electoral Commission SA. Retrieved 1 June 2019.
  8. ^ a b "Federal electoral division of Grey" (PDF). Australian Electoral Commission. Retrieved 1 June 2019.
  9. ^ a b c "Climate Statistics for Fowlers Bay, South Australia (nearest weather station)". Retrieved 21 October 2019.
  10. ^ "Placename Details: Port Irvine". Property Location Browser. Government of South Australia. 1 March 2010. SA0032330. Archived from the original on 12 October 2016. Retrieved 25 December 2016.
  11. ^ "Placename Details: Port Le Hunte". Property Location Browser. Government of South Australia. 1 March 2010. SA0038991. Archived from the original on 12 October 2016. Retrieved 24 December 2016.
  12. ^ Cockburn, Rodney (1984). What's in a name? Nomenclature of South Australia. Glen Osmond: Ferguson Publications.
  13. ^ Praite, R.; Tolley, J.C. (1970). Place Names of South Australia. Adelaide: Rigby.
  14. ^ Manning, Geoffrey H. (2006). Manning's place names of South Australia: from Aaron Creek to Zion Hill. Adelaide: Gould Books.
  15. ^ a b c d Knife, Peter (2013). Peninsula pioneer revisited: a history of the railways of Eyre Peninsula and their role in the settlement and development of the region. Port Lincoln: Peter Knife. ISBN 9780975783535.
  16. ^ History Trust of South Australia – Map of Goyder's Line Archived 27 March 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  17. ^ "Penong Pixar group busy fundraising ahead of Relay for Life". West Coast Sentinel. 13 March 2018. Retrieved 11 October 2019.
  18. ^ Jarrad, Delaney (16 May 2019). "Penong and Fowlers Bay helped by Regional Growth Fund". West Coast Sentinel. Retrieved 11 October 2019.
  19. ^ Nigel, Weston (5 March 2019). "It's Humphrey and Eye The World target Penong Cup glory". West Coast Sentinel. Retrieved 11 October 2019.
  20. ^ "Penong". Outback Communities Authority. Retrieved 21 October 2019.
[edit]
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