Toyota Dyna: Difference between revisions
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{{Redirect|Dyna|the record label|Dyna Music}} |
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{{Short description|Medium-duty truck manufactured by Toyota}} |
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{{Infobox automobile |
{{Infobox automobile |
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| image = Toyota-DynaU700.JPG |
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| name = Toyota Dyna |
| name = Toyota Dyna |
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| image = 2019 Hakone Ekiden Photographer Truck DYNA.jpg |
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| manufacturer = [[Toyota]]<br/>[[Hino Motors|Hino]]<br/>[[Kuozui Motors]] |
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| manufacturer = {{unbulleted list |
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| production = 1959-present |
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|[[Toyota Motor Corporation]] |
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| predecessor = |
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|[[Hino Motors|Hino Motors, Ltd.]] |
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| successor = |
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|[[Kuozui Motors]] |
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| class = [[Truck]] |
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}} |
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| platform = |
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| aka = {{unbulleted list |
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| body_style = Truck (standard cab, crew cab) |
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|[[Daihatsu Delta]] |
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|[[Hino Dutro]]/300 Series/200 Series |
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|[[Toyota ToyoAce]] |
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|[[Hino Ranger]] 2/3 |
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|Hino Innovator/Expert (Thailand) |
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}} |
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| production = 1959–present |
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| assembly = {{unbulleted list |
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|Japan: [[Toyota City]] (Honsha plant) |
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|Japan: [[Hamura, Tokyo|Hamura]] (Hino Motors)<ref>{{cite press release|url=https://global.toyota/en/detail/243839|title=TMC Launches Redesigned 'Dyna' and 'Toyoace'|date=2011-06-15|publisher=Toyota|access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> |
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|Japan: [[Kariya, Aichi|Kariya]] ([[Toyota Auto Body]])<ref name=Shioji>{{cite journal |year=1995 |last=Shioji |first=Hiromi |title='Itaku' Automotive Production: An Aspect of the Development of Full-Line and Wide-Selection Production by Toyota in the 1960s |volume=65 |issue=1 |journal=Kyoto University Economic Review |pages=19–42 |publisher=Kyoto University |jstor=43217480 |issn=0023-6055}}</ref> |
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|Japan: [[Yokosuka]] ([[Kanto Auto Works]])<ref>{{cite web|url=https://motorz.jp/feature/67641/ |title=60年の歴史を持つトヨタ車!国産初のチルトキャブで、日本の物流を支えた 初代ダイナとは? |trans-title=A Toyota vehicle with sixty years of history! Which was the first-generation Dyna, the first domestically produced tilt cab that supported logistics in Japan? |language=Japanese |work=Motorz |date=2018-09-29 |access-date=2023-06-21}}</ref> |
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|Japan: [[Hashima, Gifu|Hashima]] ([[Gifu Auto Body]])<ref name=GAB>{{cite web|url=https://www.gifubody.co.jp/global/message/history.html |title=History |publisher=Gifu Auto Body |access-date=2023-06-21}}</ref> |
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|Japan: [[Kakamigahara, Gifu|Kakamigahara]] (Gifu Auto Body)<ref name=GAB/> |
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|Taiwan: [[Zhongli District|Zhongli]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kuozui.com.tw/ |title=國瑞汽車股份有限公司 KUOZUI MOTORS, LTD |publisher=Kuozui.com.tw |access-date=2010-12-19}}</ref> |
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|Portugal: [[Ovar]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://empresas.gruposalvadorcaetano.pt/sitegsc/MainFogeca?cmd=getcompanies&idbusarea=18&l=en |title=Grupo Salvador Caetano |access-date=2011-02-04}}</ref> |
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|Indonesia: [[Purwakarta Regency|Purwakarta]] |
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|Philippines: [[Calamba, Laguna|Canlubang]] |
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|Thailand: [[Samut Prakan province|Samut Prakan]] |
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|China: [[Zhanjiang|Zhanjiang, Guangdong]] (Zhanjiang Sanxing Motors) |
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}} |
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| designer = |
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| class = [[Truck#Types by size|Medium-duty truck]] |
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| body_style = {{unbulleted list |
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|2-door standard cab |
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|4-door crew cab |
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|2-door wide cab |
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|5-door van |
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}} |
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| layout = {{unbulleted list |
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| [[Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout|Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive]] |
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| [[Front-engine, four-wheel-drive layout|Front-engine, four-wheel-drive]] |
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}} |
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| platform = {{unbulleted list |
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|Toyota R (1959–1968) |
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|Toyota U (1968–present) |
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}} |
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| related = [[Toyota Coaster]] |
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| engine = |
| engine = |
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| transmission = |
| transmission = {{unbulleted list |
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|4-speed [[manual transmission|manual]] |
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|5-speed ''[[Aisin]] Seiki'' manual |
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|6-speed ''Aisin AH15/AH16'' manual |
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|4-speed ''Aisin Seiki'' [[automatic transmission|automatic]] |
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|5-speed ''Aisin AW'' automatic |
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}} |
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| wheelbase = |
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| length = |
| length = |
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| width = |
| width = |
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| height = |
| height = |
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| weight = |
| weight = |
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| wheelbase = |
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| aka = Daihatsu Delta<br>[[Hino Dutro]]<br>[[Toyota Toyoace]]<br>Hino Ranger II<br>Mahindra Loadking Zoom |
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| related = [[Toyota Coaster]] |
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| designer = |
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| assembly = [[Zhongli District|Zhongli]], [[Taiwan]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kuozui.com.tw/ |title=國瑞汽車股份有限公司 KUOZUI MOTORS, LTD |publisher=Kuozui.com.tw |date= |accessdate=2010-12-19}}</ref><br />[[Ovar]], [[Portugal]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://empresas.gruposalvadorcaetano.pt/sitegsc/MainFogeca?cmd=getcompanies&idbusarea=18&l=en |title=Grupo Salvador Caetano |date= |accessdate=2011-02-04}}</ref><br/>Indonesia: [[Purwakarta]] |
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}} |
}} |
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The '''Toyota Dyna''' is a medium-duty [[cab over]] truck for commercial use. In the [[Japan]]ese market, the Dyna is sold alongside its twin called the [[Toyota Toyoace|Toyoace]]. The Toyoace was a renaming of the '''Toyopet SKB Truck''' as a result of a 1956 public competition with 200,000 entries.<ref name="first">{{cite book |title=Toyota: A history of the First 50 Years |publisher=Toyota Motor Corporation |year=1988 |isbn=0-517-61777-3 |pages=136–137}}</ref> "Dyna" is short for dynamic.<ref name=ToyMasDyn>{{cite web | url = http://www.toyota-global.com/company/history_of_toyota/75years/vehicle_lineage/car/id60015814/ | title = Massy Dyna: Name origin | publisher = Toyota Motor Co. | work = 75 years of Toyota: Vehicle Lineage | accessdate = 2013-01-16 }}</ref> |
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The '''Toyota Dyna''' ({{langx|ja|トヨタ・ダイナ}}) is a light to medium-duty [[cab over]] truck for commercial use. In the Japanese market, the Dyna is sold alongside its twin called the [[Toyota ToyoAce|Toyoace]]. The Toyoace was a renaming of the '''Toyopet SKB Truck''' as a result of a 1956 public competition with 200,000 entries.<ref name="first">{{cite book |title=Toyota: A history of the First 50 Years |publisher=Toyota Motor Corporation |year=1988 |isbn=0-517-61777-3 |pages=136–137}}</ref> "Dyna" is short for dynamic.<ref name=ToyMasDyn>{{cite web | url = http://www.toyota-global.com/company/history_of_toyota/75years/vehicle_lineage/car/id60015814/ | title = Massy Dyna: Name origin | publisher = Toyota Motor Co. | work = 75 years of Toyota: Vehicle Lineage | access-date = 2013-01-16 }}</ref> |
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The Dyna was originally available in Japan only at ''[[Toyota#Japan|Toyota Diesel Store]]'' locations, then later available at ''Toyota Store'' locations, while the Toyoace twin was available at ''Toyopet Store'' locations. The Dyna was also sold as the '''{{lang-ja|[[:ja:ダイハツ・デルタ|Daihatsu Delta]]}}''' and the '''[[Hino Dutro]]'''. |
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The Dyna was originally available in Japan only at ''[[Toyota Diesel Store]]'' locations, then later available at ''Toyota Store'' locations, while the Toyoace twin was available at ''Toyopet Store'' locations. The Dyna was also sold as the [[Daihatsu Delta]] and the [[Hino Dutro]]. |
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In Japan, its traditional competitors are the [[Isuzu Elf]], the [[Mitsubishi Fuso Canter]] and the [[Nissan Atlas]]. |
In Japan, its traditional competitors are the [[Isuzu Elf]], the [[Mitsubishi Fuso Canter]] and the [[Nissan Atlas]]. |
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The former [[Central Motors]] produced the Dyna Route Van from April 1957 to June 1967.<ref name = "75 Years of Toyota, Toyota Motor East Japan">{{cite web | url = http://www.toyota-global.com/company/history_of_toyota/75years/data/automotive_business/production/production/japan/general_status/toyota_motor_east_japan.html | title = Affiliates (Toyota wholly-owned subsidiaries)-Toyota Motor East Japan, Inc. | publisher = Toyota Motor Corporation | year = 2012 | |
The former [[Central Motors]] produced the Dyna Route Van from April 1957 to June 1967.<ref name = "75 Years of Toyota, Toyota Motor East Japan">{{cite web | url = http://www.toyota-global.com/company/history_of_toyota/75years/data/automotive_business/production/production/japan/general_status/toyota_motor_east_japan.html | title = Affiliates (Toyota wholly-owned subsidiaries)-Toyota Motor East Japan, Inc. | publisher = Toyota Motor Corporation | year = 2012 | access-date = 2014-07-21}}</ref> |
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== |
=={{anchor|SKB}} History == |
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[[File:1956 Toyota Toyoace 01.jpg|thumb|Toyopet Toyoace SKB]] |
[[File:1956 Toyota Toyoace 01.jpg|thumb|left|Toyopet Toyoace SKB first generation]] |
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=== RK52 === |
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The '''Toyopet Route Truck''' RK52 was the contributing platform of the Dyna. A new Toyota Japanese dealership was established to sell the Toyopet Toyoace series SKB called ''[[Toyota#Japan|Toyopet Store]]'', which also introduced a sedan version of this platform called the [[Toyopet Master]]. |
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==={{anchor|K50|K52|RK52}} RK52 === |
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=== RK60 – RK80 === |
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The '''Toyopet Route Truck''' RK52 was the contributing platform of the Dyna. A new Toyota Japanese dealership was established to sell the Toyopet Toyoace series SKB called ''[[Toyopet Store]]'', which also introduced a sedan version of this platform called the [[Toyopet Master]].<ref name=toy75>{{cite web | url = http://www.toyota-global.com/company/history_of_toyota/75years/vehicle_lineage/car/id60014598/index.html | title = Toyopet Light Truck SKB (Toyoace) | publisher = Toyota Motor Co. | work = 75 years of Toyota: Vehicle Lineage | access-date = 2013-01-16}}</ref> |
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Second generation of '''Toyopet Route Truck''', Designed by [[Kanto Auto Works]], Ltd. The frame was shared with the [[Toyopet Master|Toyopet Masterline]] RK23 [[pickup truck]] and the [[Toyota Stout]]. |
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==={{anchor|K60|K70|K80}} RK60 – RK80 === |
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== Early Dyna K70 – K160 (1959–1963) == |
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Second generation of '''Toyopet Route Truck''', Designed by [[Kanto Auto Works]], Ltd. The frame was shared with the [[Toyopet Masterline RK23]] [[pickup truck]] and the [[Toyota Stout]]. |
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The '''Toyopet Route Truck''' was renamed as the '''Toyota Dyna''' in April 1959.<!-- Although it shared the same platform as the Toyoace, its appearance is more similar to its other derivative, the '''Daihatsu Delta'''.The K20 Series Toyoace was produced until the Y10 Series arrived. It was sold as '''Toyota PK25 Truck''' for the export market. --> |
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The '''Toyopet Route Truck''' was renamed as the '''Toyota Dyna''' in April 1959. Although it shared the same platform as the Toyoace, its appearance is more similar to its other derivative, the '''Daihatsu Delta'''.The K20 Series Toyoace was produced until the Y10 Series arrived. It was sold as '''Toyota PK25 Truck''' for the export market.<ref name=SSB126>{{cite web | ref = Shashi | url = https://shashi.shibusawa.or.jp/details_nenpyo.php?sid=6680&query=&class=&d=all&page=126 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191223041230/https://shashi.shibusawa.or.jp/details_nenpyo.php?sid=6680&query=&class=&d=all&page=126 | archive-date = 2019-12-23 | publisher = Shibusawa Eiichi Memorial Foundation | work = Shibusawa Shashi Database | lang = ja | title = トヨタ自動車販売(株)『モータリゼーションとともに. 資料』(1970.11) | trans-title = Toyota Motor Sales Co., Ltd. "With Motorization" document (1970.11) | page = 126 }}</ref><ref>{{citation | title = Piston Ring Sets Price List | url = http://grot66.ru/RIKEN+PISTON+RING+SIZE+LIST+18.pdf | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130531201214/http://grot66.ru/RIKEN+PISTON+RING+SIZE+LIST+18.pdf | url-status = dead | archive-date = 2013-05-31 | page = 70 | volume = 18 | publisher = Riken Corporation | date = November 2008 | location = Tokyo, Japan }}</ref> |
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== K170 (1963–1968) == |
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The original [[cabover|semi-cab]] over Dyna was replaced by the new model K170 series in September 1963, with a leaner design with quadruple headlights. The Dyna RK170 also provided the basis for the RK170B Toyota Light Bus, and was built on the chassis of the [[Toyota Stout|Stout]]. It also had the Stout's 1.9-litre {{convert|80|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} [[Toyota R engine#3R|3R-B]] engine. The [[Isuzu Elf]] was introduced in a diesel version in 1960, a version which proved successful enough to relegate the Dyna to second place in sales. Even the new Dyna didn't restore the Dyna's lead, until in March 1964 the [[Toyota J engine|J-engined]] (2,336 cc, OHV) diesel-engined JK170 was added to the lineup. A long wheelbase 2.5 ton version with twinned rear wheels was also available (RK175), as was a route van (glazed minivan) version.<ref name=ToyMotor>{{citation | type = brochure | script-title=ja:品質と価格で奉仕するトヨタ | trans_title = Quality and value at your service, from Toyota | publisher = Toyota | language = Japanese | year = 1966 | location = Japan | page = 7 }}</ref> |
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{{clear}} |
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== U10 (1968–1977) == |
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[[File:Toyota Dyna U10 001.JPG|right|thumb|3rd-generation (RU10)]] |
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=={{anchor|K170}} K170 (1963–1968) == |
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[[File:1971 Daihatsu Delta (DV26) 2000 cab chassis (2009-08-29).jpg|thumb|Daihatsu Delta, heavier-duty "2000" version (Australia)]] |
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The original [[cabover|semi-cab]] over Dyna was replaced by the new model K170 series in September 1963, with a leaner design with quadruple headlights. The Dyna RK170 also provided the basis for the RK170B Toyota Light Bus, and was built on the chassis of the [[Toyota Stout|Stout]]. It also had the Stout's 1.9-litre {{convert|80|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} [[Toyota R engine#3R|3R-B]] engine. The [[Isuzu Elf]] was introduced in a diesel version in 1960, a version which proved successful enough to relegate the Dyna to second place in sales. Even the new Dyna didn't restore the Dyna's lead, until in March 1964 the [[Toyota J engine|J-engined]] (2,336 cc, OHV) diesel-engined JK170 was added to the lineup. A long wheelbase, {{convert|2.5|t|lb|adj=on}} version with twinned rear wheels was also available (RK175), as was a route van (glazed minivan) version.<ref name=ToyMotor>{{citation | type = brochure | script-title=ja:品質と価格で奉仕するトヨタ | trans-title = Quality and value at your service, from Toyota | publisher = Toyota | language = ja | year = 1966 | location = Japan | page = 7 }}</ref> |
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'''U10/RU1#/BU1#/JU10/HU15''' and more |
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=={{anchor|U10}} U10 (1968–1977) == |
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{{Multiple image | align = right | direction = vertical | width = 220 |
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| image1 = Toyota Dyna U10 001.JPG |
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| caption1 = Toyota Dyna (RU10) |
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| image2 = 1971 Daihatsu Delta (DV26) 2000 cab chassis (2009-08-29).jpg |
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| caption2 = Daihatsu Delta, heavier-duty "2000" version |
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}} |
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The Dyna platform was changed to the Toyota "U" platform after the merger of [[Hino Motors]] in 1966. The engines available for this series is either a 2.0-liter model '''[[Toyota R engine#5R|5R]]''' gasoline engine rated at {{convert|93|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}},<ref name="69comm">{{citation | title = Toyota Commercial Cars ''(Catalog)'' | publisher = Toyota | year = 1969 | page = 9 }}</ref> a 3.0-liter inline-four '''[[Toyota B engine|B]]''', or the inline-six 3.6-liter model '''[[Toyota H engine|H]]''' [[Diesel engine|diesel]]. The H diesel is rated at {{convert|95|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} and was only available in the heavier duty three-tonne truck version, which has a top speed of {{convert|100|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}.<ref name="69comm"/> The B diesel offers {{convert|85|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}}.<ref name=toy72>{{citation | ref = toy72 | script-title=ja:愛される車づくり。トヨタはあすにいどみます。| trans-title = Lovable car manufacture. Toyota dares to defy tomorrow. | language = ja | year = 1972 | type = catalog | publisher = Toyota Motor Co. | page = 6 }}</ref> |
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[[File:Toyota Dyna U10 003.JPG|thumb|Toyota Dyna double cab in Japan.]] |
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The Dyna platform was changed to the Toyota "U" platform after the merger of [[Hino Motors]] in 1966. The engines available for this series is either a 2.0-liter model '''[[Toyota R engine#5R|5R]]''' [[gasoline]] engine with {{convert|93|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}},<ref name="69comm">{{citation | title = Toyota Commercial Cars ''(Catalog)'' | publisher = Toyota | year = 1969 | page = 9 }}</ref> a 3.0-liter inline-four '''[[Toyota B engine|B]]''', or the inline-six 3.6-liter model '''[[Toyota H engine|H]]''' [[Diesel engine|diesel]]. The H diesel produces {{convert|95|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} and was only available in the heavier duty three-tonne truck version, which has a top speed of {{convert|100|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}.<ref name="69comm"/> The B diesel offers {{convert|85|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}}.<ref name=toy72>{{citation | ref = toy72 | script-title=ja:愛される車づくり。トヨタはあすにいどみます。| trans_title = Lovable car manufacture. Toyota dares to defy tomorrow. | language = Japanese | year = 1972 | type = catalog | publisher = Toyota Motor Co. | page = 6 }}</ref> The three-tonne Dyna was presented in August 1969.<ref name=motormonthly>{{cite journal | journal = 月刊自動車 [The Motor Monthly] | ref = MM69.8 | title = '69 商業車: ニューモデル | trans_title = '69 commercial vehicles: New models | language = Japanese | page = 122 | volume = 11 | number = 8 |date=August 1969 | id = 3439 }}</ref> Short (10-series) and long wheelbase trucks (15-series), as well as route vans (minibus) were available. Fitted with the 2-liter 5R engine of 95 bhp, the Dyna was marketed in many export markets such as Australia as well, with single or twinned rear wheels.<ref>{{citation | title = Toyota Dyna 2-tonner | type = brochure | url = https://www.flickr.com/photos/aussiefordadverts/5714716229/in/photostream/ | page = 3 | location = Australia | publisher = Toyota Motor Co., Ltd. | year = 1965 }}</ref> |
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The three-tonne Dyna was presented in August 1969.<ref name=motormonthly>{{cite journal | journal = 月刊自動車 [The Motor Monthly] | ref = MM69.8 | title = '69 商業車: ニューモデル | trans-title = '69 commercial vehicles: New models | language = ja | page = 122 | volume = 11 | number = 8 |date=August 1969 | id = 3439 }}</ref> Short (10-series) and long wheelbase trucks (15-series), as well as route vans (minibus) were available. Fitted with the 2.0-liter 5R engine rated at {{convert|95|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}}, the Dyna was marketed in many export markets such as Australia as well, with single or twinned rear wheels.<ref>{{citation | title = Toyota Dyna 2-tonner | type = brochure | url = https://www.flickr.com/photos/aussiefordadverts/5714716229/in/photostream/ | page = 3 | location = Australia | publisher = Toyota Motor Co., Ltd. | year = 1965 }}</ref> |
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The [[Toyota Coaster]] bus line had the same chassis and also used the U10-series chassis codes.<ref>[[#toy72|Toyota Catalog (1972)]], p. 8</ref> |
The [[Toyota Coaster]] bus line had the same chassis and also used the U10-series chassis codes.<ref>[[#toy72|Toyota Catalog (1972)]], p. 8</ref> A heavy duty version called the [[Toyota Massy Dyna]] was first introduced in September 1969. |
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===Daihatsu Delta=== |
===Daihatsu Delta=== |
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A rebodied version of |
A rebodied version of the U10 Dyna was also sold as the first-generation [[Daihatsu Delta]] 1500 or 2000, depending on the weight ratio. Chassis codes are SV17 for the [[Toyota R engine#12R|12R]]-engined Delta 1500, DV23 for the 5R petrol model (2000) and DV28 for the B-engined Delta 2000 diesel.<ref name=Catvol23>{{citation | ref = JAMA23 | title = 自動車ガイドブック | trans-title = Automobile Guide Book 1976/1977 | language = ja | volume = 23 | date = 1976-10-20 | publisher = [[Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association]] | location = Japan | page = 212 | id = 0053-760023-3400 }}</ref> The Delta 2000 was also available with a 2.5-litre Daihatsu DG diesel engine; this carries the DV26 chassis code.<ref>''[[#JAMA23|Automobile Guide Book 1976/1977]]'', p. 268</ref> In Australia, there was also a {{convert|85|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} {{convert|1861|cc|L|1|abbr=on|order=flip}} petrol inline-four engine available.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article110667289 |title= Daihatsu will return to car field | editor-last = Brown | editor-first = Robin |newspaper=[[The Canberra Times]] |date=13 July 1971 |access-date=18 January 2015 |page=13 }}</ref> |
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{{clear}} |
{{clear}} |
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=={{anchor|U20|U30|U40|U50|Y20|Y30|Y40}} U20 / Y20 Series == |
=={{anchor|U20|U30|U40|U50|Y20|Y30|Y40}} U20 / Y20 Series == |
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{{Multiple image | align = right | direction = vertical | width = 220 |
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| image1 = Toyota Dyna 401.JPG |
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| caption1 = Toyota Dyna (RU30) |
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| image2 = DynaBY34IceCreamBox.jpg |
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| caption2 = Toyota Dyna Rino (BY34, Indonesia) |
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}} |
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==={{anchor|U20|U30|U40|U50}} 2 – 3 tonner === |
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'''U20, U30, U40 & U50 Series (1977–1984)''' |
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The U20 is a four-wheel truck (this chassis code was also used for the Route Van), the U30 is a longer wheelbase version, while the heavier U40 and U50 have a wider cab. These models have twin rear wheels and mostly use Toyota's 3.0-liter Inline-four diesel [[Toyota B engine|B engine]]. The {{convert|1994|cc|L|1|abbr=on|order=flip}} [[Toyota R engine#5R|5R]] petrol engine was also available in some markets, rated at {{convert|80|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}}.<ref name="inufa82">{{citation | ref = INK82 | title = Internationaler Nutzfahrzeug-Katalog (Inufa) 1982 | trans-title = International Commercial Vehicle Catalog | language = de | volume = 24 | location = Solothurn, Switzerland | publisher = Vogt-Schild AG | date = 1982 | pages = 114–115 | editor-first = Hans U. | editor-last = Rohrbach }}</ref> |
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[[File:Toyota dyna 4th 001.jpg|right|thumb|Toyota Dyna (BU26)]] |
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[[File:DynaBY34IceCreamBox.jpg|right|thumb|Toyota Dyna Rino (BY34)]] |
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As with predecessor, this model was also marketed as the [[Daihatsu Delta]], although this one was the first to be sold with Hino badging - as the [[Hino Ranger|Ranger 2]] or Ranger 3 depending on the weight rating in metric tons. |
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=== 2 – 3 tonner === |
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'''U20, U30, U40 & U50 Series (1977–1984)''' |
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A version of this truck, with standard or crew cabs, entered production in China in 1983 as the Fuzhou FZ131.<ref name=forgotten>{{cite web | title = Chinese Car Brands That Time Forgot: Fuzhou Automobile Works and Forta | url = http://chinacarhistory.com/2018/02/06/chinese-car-brands-that-time-forgot-fuzhou-automobile-works-and-forta/ | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180221154609/http://chinacarhistory.com/2018/02/06/chinese-car-brands-that-time-forgot-fuzhou-automobile-works-and-forta/ | archive-date = 2018-02-21 | date = 2018-02-06 | last = Faulkner | first = Sam | work = China Car History }}</ref> The Dyna-based FZ131 was to become a mainstay of Fuzhou Automobile Works' production through the 1980s with a production of 211 units, being succeeded by the next generation Dynas (still using the FZ131 name).<ref name=forgotten/> Production ended in 1989 as they were lowering in sales and demand. |
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The U20 is a four-wheel truck (chassis code also used for the Route Van), the U30 is a standard Cab Truck with twin rear wheels, while the heavier yet U40 and U50 have twin wheels and a wider cab. They mostly use Toyota's 3.0-liter [[Toyota B engine|B engine]], a diesel inline-four. |
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=== 1 – 1.5 tonner === |
==={{anchor|Y20|Y30|Y40}} 1 – 1.5 tonner === |
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'''Y20 – 40 Series (1979–1985)''' |
'''Y20 – 40 Series (1979–1985)''' |
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The new smaller |
The new smaller ToyoAce with Y20 chassis was launched in 1979, while the Dyna was still using the U-platform. This was the fourth-generation ToyoAce in Japan. In certain export markets, the ToyoAce was sold as Dyna, and offered in single and double cabin bodystyles. |
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=== Dyna Rino Y30 & Y40 Series (1984–2002) === |
=== Dyna Rino Y30 & Y40 Series (1984–2002) === |
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In 1984, Toyota introduced the '''Dyna Rino''' in [[Indonesia]]. The light single rear wheel version was built on Y30 platform, and the twin rear wheel version was coded Y40.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://kabaroto.com/post/read/mengenal-toyota-dyna-rino-armada-bongsor-pos-indonesia-zaman-dahulu|title=Mengenal Toyota Dyna Rino, Armada Bongsor Pos Indonesia Zaman Dahulu|date=2019-09-27|author=Kipli|website=kabaroto.com|language=id|access-date=2020-07-25}}</ref> Early models have round headlights and 3.4-liter '''3B''' and '''13B''' engines. The facelift models with rectangular headlights, BU are powered by 3.7-liter '''14B''' engines. The Indonesian market Dyna Rino remained in production until 2002.{{citation needed|date=July 2020}} |
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In 1984, [[Toyota]] introduced the '''Dyna Rino''' in [[Indonesia]]. The light single rear wheel version was built on Y30 platform, and the twin rear wheel version was coded Y40. Early models have round headlights and 3.4-liter '''3B''' and '''13B''' engines. The facelift models with rectangular headlights, BU are powered by 3.7-liter '''14B''' engines. The Indonesian market Dyna Rino remained in production until 2002.{{-}} |
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===Daihatsu Delta=== |
===Daihatsu Delta=== |
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This model was also sold as the '''Daihatsu Delta''', in a range of 1.5 to 2.5 tonne payloads. The engines are Daihatsu's own 2-liter petrol and 2.5-liter diesel units.<ref name=CarZA0778>{{cite magazine | magazine = CAR (South Africa) | title = World Cars 1978 | editor-last = Wright | editor-first = Cedric | volume = 22 | number = 7 | date = August 1978 | ref = DNLCV | page = 20 | publisher = Ramsay, Son & Parker (Pty) ltd. }}</ref> |
This model was also sold as the '''Daihatsu Delta''', in a range of 1.5 to 2.5 tonne payloads. The engines are Daihatsu's own 2.0-liter petrol and 2.5-liter diesel units.<ref name=CarZA0778>{{cite magazine | magazine = CAR (South Africa) | title = World Cars 1978 | editor-last = Wright | editor-first = Cedric | volume = 22 | number = 7 | date = August 1978 | ref = DNLCV | page = 20 | publisher = Ramsay, Son & Parker (Pty) ltd. }}</ref> The second generation Delta went on sale in Australia at the end of December 1977.<ref name=BcOp>{{cite journal | url = https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/page/28325758 | title = Daihatsu launches new range | journal = The Bananacoast Opinion | page = 3 | date = 1977-12-28 }}</ref> |
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{{clear}} |
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== U60 / Y50 Series == |
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[[File:ToyotaDyna.jpg|220px|right|thumb|5th-generation BU]] |
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''also available as a 4-door cab with ute tray in Australia'' |
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=={{anchor|U60|U70|U80|U90|Y50|Y60}} U60-U90 Series (1984-1994) / Y50-Y60 Series (1985-1995) == |
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=== 2 – 3.5 tonner === |
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[[File:Toyota Dyna Y50 007.JPG|thumb|left|Pre-facelift Toyota Dyna 150 (Y50)]] |
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'''U60 – 90 Series (1984–1994)''' |
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[[File:Toyota Dyna U60 011.JPG|220px|right|thumb|Facelift |
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The first BU-series (Dyna 200/300/400, 1984–88) used quad round headlights. 1989 onwards models had quad rectangular headlights and one piece door glass with new interior door trim & other minor interior changes. All wide cab models had a centrally mounted roof vent and had 3 windscreen wipers. 3.4-litre [[Toyota B engine#3B|3B]], 3.4-litre (direct injected) [[Toyota B engine#13B|13B]] and 3.7-litre [[Toyota B engine#14B|14B]] diesel engines with direct injection were used in the Dyna 200 and Dyna 300, a 5-speed gearbox was standard. The Dyna 300 was equipped with an exhaust brake. Front, ventilated twin piston disc brakes were optional on the first series wide cab Dyna 300. In Portugal, the 3B-engined Dyna 250 (BU84) was assembled locally. |
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Toyota Dyna 200 wide cab (U60)]] |
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=== 1 – 1.5 tonner === |
=== 1 – 1.5 tonner === |
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'''Y50 |
'''Y50 and 60 Series (1985–1995)''' |
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[[File:Toyota Dyna 100 2.4d 1986 (17026640050).jpg|thumb|left|Toyota Dyna 100 in Chile.]] |
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The lighter Dynas used smaller engines. Portugal's Salvador Caetano assembled the LY60 Dyna as the 150, using Toyota's [[Toyota L engine#2L|2L engine]], a 2446 cc diesel inline-four. |
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The lighter Y Series was introduced in May 1985. Portugal's Salvador Caetano assembled the LY60 Dyna as the 150, using Toyota's [[Toyota L engine#2L|2L engine]], a {{convert|2446|cc|L|1|abbr=on|order=flip}} diesel inline-four. |
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=== 2 – 3.5 tonner === |
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[[File:Marton Rural Fire - Flickr - 111 Emergency (1).jpg|thumb|left|Toyota Dyna 200 double cab in New Zealand.]] |
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'''U60 – 90 Series (1984–1994)''' |
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The first BU-series (Dyna 200/300/400, 1984–88) used quad round headlights. From 1989 onwards, the Dyna had quad rectangular headlights and one piece door glass with new interior door trim and other minor interior changes. All wide cab models had a centrally mounted roof vent and had 3 windscreen wipers. The 3.4-litre [[Toyota B engine#3B|3B]], 3.4-litre (direct injected) [[Toyota B engine#13B|13B]] and 3.7-litre [[Toyota B engine#14B|14B]] diesel engines with direct injection were used in the Dyna 200 and Dyna 300, a 5-speed gearbox was standard while a 4-speed automatic transmission with a 2-way overdrive mode was available as an option. The Dyna 300 was equipped with an exhaust brake. Front, ventilated twin piston disc brakes were optional on the first series wide cab Dyna 300.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://global.toyota/en/detail/7750588|title=Toyota Introduced Full-Model Change To Dyna Truck|date=1984-09-03|work=Toyota|access-date=2020-07-25}}</ref><ref name="car deal page">{{cite web|url=https://www.cardealpage.com/column/2125|title=TOYOTA DYNA: Which Version Do You Like for Used Car?|date=2018-04-13|website=www.cardealpage.com|access-date=2020-07-25}}</ref> In Portugal, the 3B-engined Dyna 250 (BU84) was assembled locally. |
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{{clear}} |
{{clear}} |
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== U100 / Y100 Series (1995–2002) == |
=={{anchor|U100|U200|Y100}} U100, 200 / Y100 Series (1995–2002) == |
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{{Multiple image | align = right | direction = vertical | width = 220 |
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[[File:Toyota Dyna Super Low Cab 001.jpg|right|thumb|Sixth-generation BU<br />Lowrider Cab]] |
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| image1 = 6th generation Toyota Dyna.jpg |
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| caption1 = Toyota Dyna standard cab (Y100) |
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| image2 = Toyota Dyna U200 007.JPG |
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| caption2 = Toyota Dyna wide cab (U200) |
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| image3 = Toyota Dyna Super Low Cab 002.jpg |
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| caption3 = Toyota Dyna Super Low Cab |
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}} |
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The sixth generation of the Dyna was introduced on 11 May 1995. New additions to the engines included the 5.3-liter J05C directed injected diesel engine along with a four valve 4.1-liter 15B-F engine. The diesel engines were designed to comply with new vehicle emissions standards. Additions to the petrol engines included a 2.7-litre four valve 3RZ-FE engine as well as an LPG variant of the same engine with a code of 3RZ-FP. |
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Exterior changes included new cab designs along with redesigned electrically controlled wing mirrors, new turn signals and new thermo plastic steel steps. On the interior, new adjustable seat belts were added with a reclining angle of 31 degrees along with a new dashboard. The braking and suspension systems were improved for enhanced performance. A new cab style called the grand cab was added to the line up in addition to the standard cab which was similar to the 4.0 tonne model but had extended deck space.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://global.toyota/en/detail/7889985|title=Full Model Changes For Dyna, ToyoAce and HiAce Trucks|date=1995-05-11|work=Toyota|access-date=2020-07-25}}</ref> |
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In 1997, a new cab style called the Super Low Cab was added to the range which features the cab ahead of the front axle. The cabin was moved forward by {{convert|690|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} and the floor was lowered by {{convert|81|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} for increased deck space.<ref name="car deal page"/> |
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As with many other generations of the Dyna, this generation was also assembled in [[Ovar]], Portugal, by Toyota's local partner [[Salvador Caetano|Caetano]] for local sales.<ref name=AN2003>{{cite web | url = http://www.autonews.com/article/20030407/SUB/304070824/toyota-ships-portugals-dyna-to-rest-of-europe | date = 2003-04-07 | title = Toyota ships Portugal's Dyna to rest of Europe | last = Soares de Oliveira | first = Paolo | work = Automotive News | publisher = Crain Communications }}</ref> |
As with many other generations of the Dyna, this generation was also assembled in [[Ovar]], Portugal, by Toyota's local partner [[Salvador Caetano|Caetano]] for local sales.<ref name=AN2003>{{cite web | url = http://www.autonews.com/article/20030407/SUB/304070824/toyota-ships-portugals-dyna-to-rest-of-europe | date = 2003-04-07 | title = Toyota ships Portugal's Dyna to rest of Europe | last = Soares de Oliveira | first = Paolo | work = Automotive News | publisher = Crain Communications }}</ref> |
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{{clear}} |
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=== 2 – 3.5 tonner === |
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'''FB4 / 5 Series<br />'''KC-FB4J、5B<br />'''U100 – 200 Series'''<br />BU1##、BU2## |
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=={{anchor|U300|U400}} U300 – U400 Series (1999–2011) and Hino Dutro == |
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=== 1 – 1.5 tonner === |
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{{Multiple image | align = right | direction = vertical | width = 220 |
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'''Y100 Series'''<br />YY1##<br />LY1## etc. |
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| image1 = Nakagawa 20210610-04.jpg |
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| caption1 = Pre-facelift Toyota Dyna standard cab in Japan. |
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| image2 = Toyota Dyna crew cab.jpg |
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| caption2 = Pre-facelift Toyota Dyna double cab (U300) in Europe. |
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| image3 = Toyota Dyna Route-van 001.JPG |
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| image4 = Toyota Dyna Route-van 002.JPG |
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| caption4 = Toyota Dyna Route Van (Y300) in Japan. |
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}} |
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The seventh generation Dyna was introduced in May 1999 and was jointly developed by Toyota and Hino. The [[Hino Dutro]] sold as a result was a rebadged Toyota Dyna. The cabins were made more aerodynamic, spacious and curved. New headlamps were installed to continue the cabin aesthetic. Interior quality as well as the dashboard were improved and made more ergonomic. |
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The front suspension was modified and a new liquid sealed cab mount improved ride quality. The wheelbase was the longest in its class at {{convert|4200|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}. Changes to the engine line up included the addition of a turbocharger to the 4.1-litre diesel engine.<ref name="car deal page"/> |
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== U300 – U400 Series (2000–present) and Hino Dutro == |
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[[File:DynaWU340LT.jpg|thumb|right|Toyota Dyna 125LT WU340 flat bed]] |
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Beginning in 2003, Portuguese-made Dynas entered the rest of the European market - hitherto they had only been for local consumption.<ref name=AN2003/> |
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The Dyna and its twin '''Toyoace''' and Dutro were built on the U300 platform for Standard Cab, or U400 platform for the Wide Cab. The Dyna Route Van/Dutro Vans are essentially standard [[Toyota HiAce|Toyota HiAce (H100)]] van bodies mated with the Dyna/Dutro truck chassis. |
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[[File:Toyota Dyna Route-van 001.JPG|thumb|right|7th generation route van]] |
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[[File:2006 Toyota Dyna.jpg|thumb|right|Toyota Dyna 2006]] |
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Even though they were built on the U300 and U400 platforms, for marketing purpose these models still used the Dyna 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, and 350 names, indicating payload. The Dyna 100 was available with a {{convert|2494|cc|L|1|abbr=on|order=flip}} D-4D common rail turbo diesel engine offering {{convert|88|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}}. The Dyna 150 is a chassis/cab version of the Dyna truck, with twin rear wheels, and an uprated {{Convert|102|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} engine, shared with the HiLux and HiAce. |
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=== 2 – 3 tonner === |
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'''U300 – U500 Series''' |
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In June 2000, the LPG engine was revised and a new {{convert|1998|cc|L|1|abbr=on|order=flip}} gasoline engine rated at {{convert|110|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} was added to the lineup. In September 2002, a low emissions model was introduced for use in metropolitan areas.<ref name="car deal page"/> |
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=== 1 – 1.5 tonner === |
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'''Y200 Series''' |
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In May 2003, the engines were revised to comply with the 2001 vehicle emissions regulations. In September of the same year, a Hybrid model was added to the lineup. The Dyna/Dutro underwent a minor revision in May 2004 which resulted in the introduction of the common rail diesel fuel injection system as well as the EGR (for gasoline powered models) and DPR (for diesel powered models) systems. In July of the same year, the engine of the 1.0 tonne model was updated to {{convert|2494|cc|L|1|abbr=on|order=flip}} engine rated at {{convert|109|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}}.<ref name="car deal page"/> |
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New for this generation is the [[Hino Dutro]], as Toyota owns shares in [[Hino Motors|Hino]]. In addition to the diesel engine, the [[Hybrid Vehicle|Hybrid]] is also sold in [[Japan]]. |
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[[File:DynaWU340LT.jpg|thumb|left|Pre-facelift Dyna 125LT in Indonesia.]] |
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The Dyna and its twin '''Toyoace''' and Dutro were built on the U300 platform for Standard Cab, or U400 platform for the Wide Cab. The Dyna Route Van/Dutro Van are essentially standard [[Toyota HiAce]] van bodies mated with the Dyna/Dutro truck chassis. |
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[[File:2011 Toyota Dyna 110ET 4.0 WU342R (20200121).jpg|thumb|right|Facelift Dyna 110ET in Indonesia.]] |
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In September 2006, the engines of the 2.0 and 4.0 tonne models were made to comply with the Low Gas Vehicle Emissions regulations. In October 2006, the Hybrid model was revised for low emissions and was now eligible for tax reductions while the range underwent a facelift. In May 2007, a new {{convert|2693|cc|L|1|abbr=on|order=flip}} diesel engine rated at {{convert|151|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} was added to the range. The LPG models were made to comply with 2005 Vehicle Emissions Regulations. The Dyna/Dutro also received a new vertical grille.<ref name="car deal page"/> |
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In May 2010, the diesel engines had an increased torque rating while the manual transmission was upgraded from a 5-speed unit to a 6-speed unit for improved fuel economy. |
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Even though they were built on the U300 and U400 platforms, for marketing purpose they still used Dyna 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, and 350 which indicate the payload. The Dyna 100 is currently available with a 2494-cc D-4D common rail turbo diesel engine offering {{convert|88|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}}. The Dyna 150 is a chassis/cab version of the Dyna truck, with twin rear wheels, and an uprated {{Convert|102|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} engine, shared with the Hilux and Hiace. |
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These vehicles have [[ |
These vehicles have [[Emissions standards|emission levels]] which meet the stringent [[Euro IV]] requirements which took effect in Europe in 2005, in [[Singapore]] in October 2006, and were applied in Japan from February 2007. |
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Beginning in 2003, Portuguese-made Dynas entered the rest of the European market – hitherto they had only been for local consumption.<ref name=AN2003/> |
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{{clear}} |
{{clear}} |
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== U600 and U800 series ( |
=={{anchor|U600|U800}} U600 and U800 series (2011–present) == |
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[[File: |
[[File:2014 Hakone Ekiden Camera truck DYNA Hybrid.jpg|thumb|right|Toyota Dyna U600 Hybrid]] |
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In 2011, The Dyna was released as the U600 and U800 series based on the second-generation Hino Dutro. |
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The eighth generation of the Dyna debuted in May 2011 and was based on the second-generation Hino Dutro. The lineup consists of the U600 and U800. The exterior was made more aerodynamic and the interior quality was improved over the previous generation. In the hybrid models a {{convert|4009|cc|L|1|abbr=on|order=flip}} diesel engine rated at {{convert|150|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} was paired with an electric motor rated at {{convert|49|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} which also serves as the starter motor. A new 5-speed automatic transmission was introduced which worked like a conventional automatic transmission with two paddles.<ref name="car deal page"/> |
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In March 2015, Salvador Caetano announced the cessation of Dyna assembly in Portugal, as the truck did not meet the Euro 6 emissions standards and would not be marketable within the European Union. Instead, a V6 petrol version of the [[Toyota Land Cruiser|Land Cruiser]] entered assembly, intended for sales in Africa. |
In March 2015, Salvador Caetano announced the cessation of Dyna assembly in Portugal, as the truck did not meet the Euro 6 emissions standards and would not be marketable within the European Union. Instead, a V6 petrol version of the [[Toyota Land Cruiser|Land Cruiser]] entered assembly, intended for sales in Africa. 1,664 Dynas were assembled in 2014, with 355 more scheduled for completion in 2015 before the switch was complete.<ref name=cessao>{{cite web | url = https://automonitor.sapo.pt/2015/03/09/comercio-e-industria/salvador-caetano-troca-producao-da-dyna-por-land-cruiser/ | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190907031514/http://auto.neuroniocriativo.pt/amp/salvador-caetano-troca-producao-da-dyna-por-land-cruiser/ | archive-date = 2019-09-07 | title = Salvador Caetano troca produção da Dyna por Land Cruiser | trans-title = Salvador Caetano switches production from Dyna to Land Cruiser | language = pt | date = 2015-03-09 | work = Auto Monitor | first = António | last = Machado Magalhães }}</ref> |
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== External links == |
== External links == |
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{{commons category|Toyota Dyna}} |
{{commons category|Toyota Dyna}} |
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*[ |
*[https://toyota.jp/dynacargo/ Toyota Dyna official website](Japanese) |
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; Video |
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*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oFeauORpc5o The first Toyota Dyna Advertisement] {{id icon}} |
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*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oFeauORpc5o The first Toyota Dyna Advertisement] {{in lang|id}} ([[YouTube]]) |
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{{Toyota}} |
{{Toyota}} |
Latest revision as of 01:36, 28 October 2024
Toyota Dyna | |
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Overview | |
Manufacturer | |
Also called |
|
Production | 1959–present |
Assembly |
|
Body and chassis | |
Class | Medium-duty truck |
Body style |
|
Layout | |
Platform |
|
Related | Toyota Coaster |
Powertrain | |
Transmission |
The Toyota Dyna (Japanese: トヨタ・ダイナ) is a light to medium-duty cab over truck for commercial use. In the Japanese market, the Dyna is sold alongside its twin called the Toyoace. The Toyoace was a renaming of the Toyopet SKB Truck as a result of a 1956 public competition with 200,000 entries.[7] "Dyna" is short for dynamic.[8]
The Dyna was originally available in Japan only at Toyota Diesel Store locations, then later available at Toyota Store locations, while the Toyoace twin was available at Toyopet Store locations. The Dyna was also sold as the Daihatsu Delta and the Hino Dutro.
In Japan, its traditional competitors are the Isuzu Elf, the Mitsubishi Fuso Canter and the Nissan Atlas.
The former Central Motors produced the Dyna Route Van from April 1957 to June 1967.[9]
History
[edit]RK52
[edit]The Toyopet Route Truck RK52 was the contributing platform of the Dyna. A new Toyota Japanese dealership was established to sell the Toyopet Toyoace series SKB called Toyopet Store, which also introduced a sedan version of this platform called the Toyopet Master.[10]
RK60 – RK80
[edit]Second generation of Toyopet Route Truck, Designed by Kanto Auto Works, Ltd. The frame was shared with the Toyopet Masterline RK23 pickup truck and the Toyota Stout.
The Toyopet Route Truck was renamed as the Toyota Dyna in April 1959. Although it shared the same platform as the Toyoace, its appearance is more similar to its other derivative, the Daihatsu Delta.The K20 Series Toyoace was produced until the Y10 Series arrived. It was sold as Toyota PK25 Truck for the export market.[11][12]
K170 (1963–1968)
[edit]The original semi-cab over Dyna was replaced by the new model K170 series in September 1963, with a leaner design with quadruple headlights. The Dyna RK170 also provided the basis for the RK170B Toyota Light Bus, and was built on the chassis of the Stout. It also had the Stout's 1.9-litre 80 PS (59 kW) 3R-B engine. The Isuzu Elf was introduced in a diesel version in 1960, a version which proved successful enough to relegate the Dyna to second place in sales. Even the new Dyna didn't restore the Dyna's lead, until in March 1964 the J-engined (2,336 cc, OHV) diesel-engined JK170 was added to the lineup. A long wheelbase, 2.5-tonne (5,500 lb) version with twinned rear wheels was also available (RK175), as was a route van (glazed minivan) version.[13]
U10 (1968–1977)
[edit]The Dyna platform was changed to the Toyota "U" platform after the merger of Hino Motors in 1966. The engines available for this series is either a 2.0-liter model 5R gasoline engine rated at 93 PS (68 kW),[14] a 3.0-liter inline-four B, or the inline-six 3.6-liter model H diesel. The H diesel is rated at 95 PS (70 kW) and was only available in the heavier duty three-tonne truck version, which has a top speed of 100 km/h (62 mph).[14] The B diesel offers 85 PS (63 kW).[15]
The three-tonne Dyna was presented in August 1969.[16] Short (10-series) and long wheelbase trucks (15-series), as well as route vans (minibus) were available. Fitted with the 2.0-liter 5R engine rated at 95 PS (70 kW), the Dyna was marketed in many export markets such as Australia as well, with single or twinned rear wheels.[17]
The Toyota Coaster bus line had the same chassis and also used the U10-series chassis codes.[18] A heavy duty version called the Toyota Massy Dyna was first introduced in September 1969.
Daihatsu Delta
[edit]A rebodied version of the U10 Dyna was also sold as the first-generation Daihatsu Delta 1500 or 2000, depending on the weight ratio. Chassis codes are SV17 for the 12R-engined Delta 1500, DV23 for the 5R petrol model (2000) and DV28 for the B-engined Delta 2000 diesel.[19] The Delta 2000 was also available with a 2.5-litre Daihatsu DG diesel engine; this carries the DV26 chassis code.[20] In Australia, there was also a 85 PS (63 kW) 1.9 L (1,861 cc) petrol inline-four engine available.[21]
U20 / Y20 Series
[edit]2 – 3 tonner
[edit]U20, U30, U40 & U50 Series (1977–1984)
The U20 is a four-wheel truck (this chassis code was also used for the Route Van), the U30 is a longer wheelbase version, while the heavier U40 and U50 have a wider cab. These models have twin rear wheels and mostly use Toyota's 3.0-liter Inline-four diesel B engine. The 2.0 L (1,994 cc) 5R petrol engine was also available in some markets, rated at 80 PS (59 kW).[22]
As with predecessor, this model was also marketed as the Daihatsu Delta, although this one was the first to be sold with Hino badging - as the Ranger 2 or Ranger 3 depending on the weight rating in metric tons.
A version of this truck, with standard or crew cabs, entered production in China in 1983 as the Fuzhou FZ131.[23] The Dyna-based FZ131 was to become a mainstay of Fuzhou Automobile Works' production through the 1980s with a production of 211 units, being succeeded by the next generation Dynas (still using the FZ131 name).[23] Production ended in 1989 as they were lowering in sales and demand.
1 – 1.5 tonner
[edit]Y20 – 40 Series (1979–1985)
The new smaller ToyoAce with Y20 chassis was launched in 1979, while the Dyna was still using the U-platform. This was the fourth-generation ToyoAce in Japan. In certain export markets, the ToyoAce was sold as Dyna, and offered in single and double cabin bodystyles.
Dyna Rino Y30 & Y40 Series (1984–2002)
[edit]In 1984, Toyota introduced the Dyna Rino in Indonesia. The light single rear wheel version was built on Y30 platform, and the twin rear wheel version was coded Y40.[24] Early models have round headlights and 3.4-liter 3B and 13B engines. The facelift models with rectangular headlights, BU are powered by 3.7-liter 14B engines. The Indonesian market Dyna Rino remained in production until 2002.[citation needed]
Daihatsu Delta
[edit]This model was also sold as the Daihatsu Delta, in a range of 1.5 to 2.5 tonne payloads. The engines are Daihatsu's own 2.0-liter petrol and 2.5-liter diesel units.[25] The second generation Delta went on sale in Australia at the end of December 1977.[26]
U60-U90 Series (1984-1994) / Y50-Y60 Series (1985-1995)
[edit]1 – 1.5 tonner
[edit]Y50 and 60 Series (1985–1995)
The lighter Y Series was introduced in May 1985. Portugal's Salvador Caetano assembled the LY60 Dyna as the 150, using Toyota's 2L engine, a 2.4 L (2,446 cc) diesel inline-four.
2 – 3.5 tonner
[edit]U60 – 90 Series (1984–1994) The first BU-series (Dyna 200/300/400, 1984–88) used quad round headlights. From 1989 onwards, the Dyna had quad rectangular headlights and one piece door glass with new interior door trim and other minor interior changes. All wide cab models had a centrally mounted roof vent and had 3 windscreen wipers. The 3.4-litre 3B, 3.4-litre (direct injected) 13B and 3.7-litre 14B diesel engines with direct injection were used in the Dyna 200 and Dyna 300, a 5-speed gearbox was standard while a 4-speed automatic transmission with a 2-way overdrive mode was available as an option. The Dyna 300 was equipped with an exhaust brake. Front, ventilated twin piston disc brakes were optional on the first series wide cab Dyna 300.[27][28] In Portugal, the 3B-engined Dyna 250 (BU84) was assembled locally.
U100, 200 / Y100 Series (1995–2002)
[edit]The sixth generation of the Dyna was introduced on 11 May 1995. New additions to the engines included the 5.3-liter J05C directed injected diesel engine along with a four valve 4.1-liter 15B-F engine. The diesel engines were designed to comply with new vehicle emissions standards. Additions to the petrol engines included a 2.7-litre four valve 3RZ-FE engine as well as an LPG variant of the same engine with a code of 3RZ-FP.
Exterior changes included new cab designs along with redesigned electrically controlled wing mirrors, new turn signals and new thermo plastic steel steps. On the interior, new adjustable seat belts were added with a reclining angle of 31 degrees along with a new dashboard. The braking and suspension systems were improved for enhanced performance. A new cab style called the grand cab was added to the line up in addition to the standard cab which was similar to the 4.0 tonne model but had extended deck space.[29]
In 1997, a new cab style called the Super Low Cab was added to the range which features the cab ahead of the front axle. The cabin was moved forward by 690 mm (27.2 in) and the floor was lowered by 81 mm (3.2 in) for increased deck space.[28]
As with many other generations of the Dyna, this generation was also assembled in Ovar, Portugal, by Toyota's local partner Caetano for local sales.[30]
U300 – U400 Series (1999–2011) and Hino Dutro
[edit]The seventh generation Dyna was introduced in May 1999 and was jointly developed by Toyota and Hino. The Hino Dutro sold as a result was a rebadged Toyota Dyna. The cabins were made more aerodynamic, spacious and curved. New headlamps were installed to continue the cabin aesthetic. Interior quality as well as the dashboard were improved and made more ergonomic.
The front suspension was modified and a new liquid sealed cab mount improved ride quality. The wheelbase was the longest in its class at 4,200 mm (165.4 in). Changes to the engine line up included the addition of a turbocharger to the 4.1-litre diesel engine.[28]
The Dyna and its twin Toyoace and Dutro were built on the U300 platform for Standard Cab, or U400 platform for the Wide Cab. The Dyna Route Van/Dutro Vans are essentially standard Toyota HiAce (H100) van bodies mated with the Dyna/Dutro truck chassis.
Even though they were built on the U300 and U400 platforms, for marketing purpose these models still used the Dyna 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, and 350 names, indicating payload. The Dyna 100 was available with a 2.5 L (2,494 cc) D-4D common rail turbo diesel engine offering 88 PS (65 kW). The Dyna 150 is a chassis/cab version of the Dyna truck, with twin rear wheels, and an uprated 102 PS (75 kW) engine, shared with the HiLux and HiAce.
In June 2000, the LPG engine was revised and a new 2.0 L (1,998 cc) gasoline engine rated at 110 PS (81 kW) was added to the lineup. In September 2002, a low emissions model was introduced for use in metropolitan areas.[28]
In May 2003, the engines were revised to comply with the 2001 vehicle emissions regulations. In September of the same year, a Hybrid model was added to the lineup. The Dyna/Dutro underwent a minor revision in May 2004 which resulted in the introduction of the common rail diesel fuel injection system as well as the EGR (for gasoline powered models) and DPR (for diesel powered models) systems. In July of the same year, the engine of the 1.0 tonne model was updated to 2.5 L (2,494 cc) engine rated at 109 PS (80 kW).[28]
In September 2006, the engines of the 2.0 and 4.0 tonne models were made to comply with the Low Gas Vehicle Emissions regulations. In October 2006, the Hybrid model was revised for low emissions and was now eligible for tax reductions while the range underwent a facelift. In May 2007, a new 2.7 L (2,693 cc) diesel engine rated at 151 PS (111 kW) was added to the range. The LPG models were made to comply with 2005 Vehicle Emissions Regulations. The Dyna/Dutro also received a new vertical grille.[28]
In May 2010, the diesel engines had an increased torque rating while the manual transmission was upgraded from a 5-speed unit to a 6-speed unit for improved fuel economy.
These vehicles have emission levels which meet the stringent Euro IV requirements which took effect in Europe in 2005, in Singapore in October 2006, and were applied in Japan from February 2007.
Beginning in 2003, Portuguese-made Dynas entered the rest of the European market – hitherto they had only been for local consumption.[30]
U600 and U800 series (2011–present)
[edit]The eighth generation of the Dyna debuted in May 2011 and was based on the second-generation Hino Dutro. The lineup consists of the U600 and U800. The exterior was made more aerodynamic and the interior quality was improved over the previous generation. In the hybrid models a 4.0 L (4,009 cc) diesel engine rated at 150 PS (110 kW) was paired with an electric motor rated at 49 PS (36 kW) which also serves as the starter motor. A new 5-speed automatic transmission was introduced which worked like a conventional automatic transmission with two paddles.[28]
In March 2015, Salvador Caetano announced the cessation of Dyna assembly in Portugal, as the truck did not meet the Euro 6 emissions standards and would not be marketable within the European Union. Instead, a V6 petrol version of the Land Cruiser entered assembly, intended for sales in Africa. 1,664 Dynas were assembled in 2014, with 355 more scheduled for completion in 2015 before the switch was complete.[31]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "TMC Launches Redesigned 'Dyna' and 'Toyoace'" (Press release). Toyota. 2011-06-15. Retrieved 2023-06-16.
- ^ Shioji, Hiromi (1995). "'Itaku' Automotive Production: An Aspect of the Development of Full-Line and Wide-Selection Production by Toyota in the 1960s". Kyoto University Economic Review. 65 (1). Kyoto University: 19–42. ISSN 0023-6055. JSTOR 43217480.
- ^ "60年の歴史を持つトヨタ車!国産初のチルトキャブで、日本の物流を支えた 初代ダイナとは?" [A Toyota vehicle with sixty years of history! Which was the first-generation Dyna, the first domestically produced tilt cab that supported logistics in Japan?]. Motorz (in Japanese). 2018-09-29. Retrieved 2023-06-21.
- ^ a b "History". Gifu Auto Body. Retrieved 2023-06-21.
- ^ "國瑞汽車股份有限公司 KUOZUI MOTORS, LTD". Kuozui.com.tw. Retrieved 2010-12-19.
- ^ "Grupo Salvador Caetano". Retrieved 2011-02-04.
- ^ Toyota: A history of the First 50 Years. Toyota Motor Corporation. 1988. pp. 136–137. ISBN 0-517-61777-3.
- ^ "Massy Dyna: Name origin". 75 years of Toyota: Vehicle Lineage. Toyota Motor Co. Retrieved 2013-01-16.
- ^ "Affiliates (Toyota wholly-owned subsidiaries)-Toyota Motor East Japan, Inc". Toyota Motor Corporation. 2012. Retrieved 2014-07-21.
- ^ "Toyopet Light Truck SKB (Toyoace)". 75 years of Toyota: Vehicle Lineage. Toyota Motor Co. Retrieved 2013-01-16.
- ^ "トヨタ自動車販売(株)『モータリゼーションとともに. 資料』(1970.11)" [Toyota Motor Sales Co., Ltd. "With Motorization" document (1970.11)]. Shibusawa Shashi Database (in Japanese). Shibusawa Eiichi Memorial Foundation. p. 126. Archived from the original on 2019-12-23.
- ^ Piston Ring Sets Price List (PDF), vol. 18, Tokyo, Japan: Riken Corporation, November 2008, p. 70, archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-05-31
- ^ 品質と価格で奉仕するトヨタ [Quality and value at your service, from Toyota] (brochure) (in Japanese), Japan: Toyota, 1966, p. 7
- ^ a b Toyota Commercial Cars (Catalog), Toyota, 1969, p. 9
- ^ 愛される車づくり。トヨタはあすにいどみます。 [Lovable car manufacture. Toyota dares to defy tomorrow.] (catalog) (in Japanese), Toyota Motor Co., 1972, p. 6
- ^ "'69 商業車: ニューモデル" ['69 commercial vehicles: New models]. 月刊自動車 [The Motor Monthly] (in Japanese). 11 (8): 122. August 1969. 3439.
- ^ Toyota Dyna 2-tonner (brochure), Australia: Toyota Motor Co., Ltd., 1965, p. 3
- ^ Toyota Catalog (1972), p. 8
- ^ 自動車ガイドブック [Automobile Guide Book 1976/1977] (in Japanese), vol. 23, Japan: Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association, 1976-10-20, p. 212, 0053-760023-3400
- ^ Automobile Guide Book 1976/1977, p. 268
- ^ Brown, Robin, ed. (13 July 1971). "Daihatsu will return to car field". The Canberra Times. p. 13. Retrieved 18 January 2015.
- ^ Rohrbach, Hans U., ed. (1982), Internationaler Nutzfahrzeug-Katalog (Inufa) 1982 [International Commercial Vehicle Catalog] (in German), vol. 24, Solothurn, Switzerland: Vogt-Schild AG, pp. 114–115
- ^ a b Faulkner, Sam (2018-02-06). "Chinese Car Brands That Time Forgot: Fuzhou Automobile Works and Forta". China Car History. Archived from the original on 2018-02-21.
- ^ Kipli (2019-09-27). "Mengenal Toyota Dyna Rino, Armada Bongsor Pos Indonesia Zaman Dahulu". kabaroto.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2020-07-25.
- ^ Wright, Cedric, ed. (August 1978). "World Cars 1978". CAR (South Africa). Vol. 22, no. 7. Ramsay, Son & Parker (Pty) ltd. p. 20.
- ^ "Daihatsu launches new range". The Bananacoast Opinion: 3. 1977-12-28.
- ^ "Toyota Introduced Full-Model Change To Dyna Truck". Toyota. 1984-09-03. Retrieved 2020-07-25.
- ^ a b c d e f g "TOYOTA DYNA: Which Version Do You Like for Used Car?". www.cardealpage.com. 2018-04-13. Retrieved 2020-07-25.
- ^ "Full Model Changes For Dyna, ToyoAce and HiAce Trucks". Toyota. 1995-05-11. Retrieved 2020-07-25.
- ^ a b Soares de Oliveira, Paolo (2003-04-07). "Toyota ships Portugal's Dyna to rest of Europe". Automotive News. Crain Communications.
- ^ Machado Magalhães, António (2015-03-09). "Salvador Caetano troca produção da Dyna por Land Cruiser" [Salvador Caetano switches production from Dyna to Land Cruiser]. Auto Monitor (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 2019-09-07.
External links
[edit]- Toyota Dyna official website(Japanese)
- Video
- The first Toyota Dyna Advertisement (in Indonesian) (YouTube)