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{{short description|Orthodox religious holiday}}
'''Tatiana Day''' is a [[Russia]]n [[religious holiday]] observed on [[January 25]] according to the [[Gregorian calendar]], [[January 12]] according to the [[Julian calendar|Julian]]. It is named after Saint [[Tatiana]], a [[Christianity|Christian]] [[martyr]] in [[2nd century]] [[Rome]] during the [[reign]] of [[Roman Emperors|Emperor]] [[Alexander Severus]]. According to legend, she was the daughter of a Roman civil servant who was secretly Christian, and raised his daughter in the faith. This was dangerous, and one day [[Ulpian]] captured Tatiana and forced her to make a sacrifice to [[Apollo]]. She prayed, and [[miracle|miraculously]], an [[earthquake]] destroyed the [[Cult image|idol]] and part of the [[temple]].
{{Infobox holiday
|holiday_name = Tatiana Day
|image = RIAN archive 113828 Students' holiday, St. Tatyana's Day and the 250th anniversary of Moscow State University named after M. Lomonosov..jpg
|imagesize =
|caption = Students of [[Lomonosov Moscow State University]] celebrating Tatiana Day
|official_name = День студенчества (Students Day)
|nickname = Students Day, Tatyana's Day
|observedby = Eastern Orthodox Church, Russia
|litcolor =
|longtype =
|significance = Public holiday, Orthodox feast day, name day
|begins =
|ends =
|duration = 1 day
|frequency = Annual
|scheduling =
|date = 25 January
|celebrations =
|observances =
|relatedto =
}}
'''Tatiana Day''' ({{langx|ru|Татьянин день}}, ''Tatyanin den{{'}}''), also known as '''Tatyana's Day''' or '''Students Day''', is named after [[Tatiana of Rome|Saint Tatiana]], a [[Christianity|Christian]] [[martyr]] in 3rd-century [[Rome]] during the [[reign]] of [[Roman Emperors|Emperor]] [[Alexander Severus]]. It is also the [[name day]] for the name [[Tatiana]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.oscailtmagazine.com/Unitarian%20Magazine/Tatiana%20Day.html|title=Tatiana Day|access-date=2014-03-11|archive-date=2020-08-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807221853/http://www.oscailtmagazine.com/Unitarian%20Magazine/Tatiana%20Day.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> The [[Russian Orthodox Church]] celebrates St. Tatiana's feast on 12 January Julian, which corresponds to 25 January Gregorian in the 20th and 21st centuries. In [[Russia]], the day is known as Students Day, commemorating the end of the winter university exams session.


== Background ==
Tatiana was then blinded, and beaten for two days, before being brought to a [[Circus (building)|circus]] and thrown into the pit with a hungry lion. But the lion did not touch her and lay at her feet. This resulted in a death sentence being pronounced, and after being tortured, Tatiana was slain with a [[sword]] on January 12 (Julian). The miracles performed by Saint Tatiana are said to have converted many people to the fledgling religion.
On 12 January 1755 Julian (23 January 1755 Gregorian), [[Elizabeth of Russia|Empress Elizabeth]] of Russia signed a decree for the establishment of the [[Moscow State University|first Russian university]], which was constructed in [[Moscow]] and put under the care of the first Russian Minister of Education [[Ivan Shuvalov]] (that day was his mother's name day).<ref name="tamara">{{Cite web |last=Melenteva |first=Tamara |date=25 January 2012 |title=Students Day in Russia |url=http://www.russian-moscow.com/students-day-in-russia/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140311042745/http://www.russian-moscow.com/students-day-in-russia/ |archive-date=11 March 2014 |access-date=11 March 2014 |publisher=Center for Russian Language Studies}}</ref> In 1791, the Church of Saint Tatiana was built in the university campus,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pravmir.com/st-tatiana-day-the-power-of-faith-and-will/|title=St. Tatiana Day: The Power of Faith and Will &#124; A Russian Orthodox Church Website|website=www.pravmir.com|access-date=2014-03-11|archive-date=2014-03-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140311040649/http://www.pravmir.com/st-tatiana-day-the-power-of-faith-and-will/|url-status=live}}</ref> and the [[Russian Orthodox Church]] declared Saint Tatiana the [[patron saint]] of [[student]]s.<ref>{{cite web|author=Sinitsyna Tatiana|publisher=[[RIA Novosti]]|website=[[Moscow State University]]|url=https://www.msu.ru/press/federalpress/osobyy_smysl_tatyaninogo_dnya.html|title=Особый смысл Татьяниного дня|trans-title=The special meaning of Tatiana's Day|lang=ru|access-date=2022-01-12|archive-date=2021-10-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211022072517/https://www.msu.ru/press/federalpress/osobyy_smysl_tatyaninogo_dnya.html|url-status=live}}</ref>


Tatiana Day has come to be celebrated as ''Students Day'' in countries of the former Russian empire. The observance has a long tradition of festive activities and celebrations. In 1885, [[Anton Chekhov|Chekhov]] wrote about Tatiana Day, "This year everything was drunk, except the water from the Moscow river, and only because it was frozen".<ref name=tamara/> The day begins with a traditional service conducted at the University's church{{cn|date=May 2023}} followed by speeches and the awarding of prizes. Later in the day, many students host or attend parties and public events.<ref>[http://russialite.com/students-day-tatianas-day%d0%b4%d0%b5%d0%bd%d1%8c-%d1%81%d1%82%d1%83%d0%b4%d0%b5%d0%bd%d1%82%d0%be%d0%b2-%d1%82%d0%b0%d1%82-very-russian-toga-party/ Eremeeva, Jennifer. "Students' Day", ''Russia Lite'', 25 January 2011] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190916004234/http://russialite.com/students-day-tatianas-day%d0%b4%d0%b5%d0%bd%d1%8c-%d1%81%d1%82%d1%83%d0%b4%d0%b5%d0%bd%d1%82%d0%be%d0%b2-%d1%82%d0%b0%d1%82-very-russian-toga-party/ |date=16 September 2019 }} (broken link)</ref> Although originating in Moscow, St. Tatiana's Day celebrations have spread to most university towns.<ref>{{cite book| author = В. Руга, А. Кокорев | chapter = | chapter-url = | format = | url = | title = Москва повседневная | orig-year = | agency = | edition = |location= Москва |date = 2005 |publisher= ОЛМА-ПРЕСС |volume= | pages = 17| series = | isbn = 5-224-05095-2}}</ref>
In [[1755]] on the name day of [[Ivan Shuvalov]]'s mother Tatiana Rodionovna, his mistress [[Elizabeth of Russia|Empress Elizabeth]] of Russia endorsed his petition to establish a [[Moscow State University|university in Moscow]]. The church of Saint Tatiana was later built in the university campus, the [[Russian Orthodox Church]] declared Saint Tatiana the [[patron saint]] of [[student]]s, and Tatiana Day has become celebrated as '''Russian Students Day'''.

Tatiana Day also coincides with the end of the first term of the traditional [[Academic term#Russia|academic year]] for Russian students, so the holiday also functions as a day of celebration for the completion of final exams.<ref>[http://ria.ru/history/20070125/59649701.html 25 января] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131227164927/http://ria.ru/history/20070125/59649701.html |date=2013-12-27 }} // РИА Новости, 25 января 2003 года</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}


==External links==
==External links==
* {{ru icon}} [http://www.cathedral.ru/holy/muchenica_tatiana Site for the St. Isaac's Cathedral]
* {{in lang|ru}} [http://st-tatiana.ru/ St. Tatiana's Chapel at the Moscow State University]
* {{in lang|ru}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927235302/http://www.cathedral.ru/holy/muchenica_tatiana Site for the St. Isaac's Cathedral]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050502220335/http://www.chattablogs.com/aionioszoe/archives/020064.html Martyrdom of St. Tatiana of Rome (includes icon)]


{{authority control}}
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[[Category:Holidays in Russia]]

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[[Category:Observances in Russia]]
[[Category:Observances in Ukraine]]
[[Category:Student culture]]
[[Category:Student culture]]
[[Category:Education in Russia]]
[[Category:Education in Russia]]
[[Category:Christian festivals]]
[[Category:Education in Ukraine]]
[[Category:Folk calendar of the East Slavs]]
[[Category:Eastern Orthodox liturgical days]]
[[Category:Moscow State University]]
[[Category:Moscow State University]]
[[Category:January observances]]

[[ru:Татьянин день]]

Latest revision as of 18:20, 31 October 2024

Tatiana Day
Students of Lomonosov Moscow State University celebrating Tatiana Day
Official nameДень студенчества (Students Day)
Also calledStudents Day, Tatyana's Day
Observed byEastern Orthodox Church, Russia
SignificancePublic holiday, Orthodox feast day, name day
Date25 January
FrequencyAnnual

Tatiana Day (Russian: Татьянин день, Tatyanin den'), also known as Tatyana's Day or Students Day, is named after Saint Tatiana, a Christian martyr in 3rd-century Rome during the reign of Emperor Alexander Severus. It is also the name day for the name Tatiana.[1] The Russian Orthodox Church celebrates St. Tatiana's feast on 12 January Julian, which corresponds to 25 January Gregorian in the 20th and 21st centuries. In Russia, the day is known as Students Day, commemorating the end of the winter university exams session.

Background

[edit]

On 12 January 1755 Julian (23 January 1755 Gregorian), Empress Elizabeth of Russia signed a decree for the establishment of the first Russian university, which was constructed in Moscow and put under the care of the first Russian Minister of Education Ivan Shuvalov (that day was his mother's name day).[2] In 1791, the Church of Saint Tatiana was built in the university campus,[3] and the Russian Orthodox Church declared Saint Tatiana the patron saint of students.[4]

Tatiana Day has come to be celebrated as Students Day in countries of the former Russian empire. The observance has a long tradition of festive activities and celebrations. In 1885, Chekhov wrote about Tatiana Day, "This year everything was drunk, except the water from the Moscow river, and only because it was frozen".[2] The day begins with a traditional service conducted at the University's church[citation needed] followed by speeches and the awarding of prizes. Later in the day, many students host or attend parties and public events.[5] Although originating in Moscow, St. Tatiana's Day celebrations have spread to most university towns.[6]

Tatiana Day also coincides with the end of the first term of the traditional academic year for Russian students, so the holiday also functions as a day of celebration for the completion of final exams.[7]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Tatiana Day". Archived from the original on 2020-08-07. Retrieved 2014-03-11.
  2. ^ a b Melenteva, Tamara (25 January 2012). "Students Day in Russia". Center for Russian Language Studies. Archived from the original on 11 March 2014. Retrieved 11 March 2014.
  3. ^ "St. Tatiana Day: The Power of Faith and Will | A Russian Orthodox Church Website". www.pravmir.com. Archived from the original on 2014-03-11. Retrieved 2014-03-11.
  4. ^ Sinitsyna Tatiana. "Особый смысл Татьяниного дня" [The special meaning of Tatiana's Day]. Moscow State University (in Russian). RIA Novosti. Archived from the original on 2021-10-22. Retrieved 2022-01-12.
  5. ^ Eremeeva, Jennifer. "Students' Day", Russia Lite, 25 January 2011 Archived 16 September 2019 at the Wayback Machine (broken link)
  6. ^ В. Руга, А. Кокорев (2005). Москва повседневная. Москва: ОЛМА-ПРЕСС. p. 17. ISBN 5-224-05095-2.
  7. ^ 25 января Archived 2013-12-27 at the Wayback Machine // РИА Новости, 25 января 2003 года
[edit]
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