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{{Short description|Iranian Ayatollah (1931–2014)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2011}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}
{{Infobox Prime Minister
{{Infobox officeholder
|name = Mohammad-Reza Mahdavi Kani
|image = Mohammad-Reza Mahdavi Kani (01).jpg
| name = Mohammad-Reza Mahdavi Kani
|caption = Mahdavi Kani in 2013
| image = Mohammad-Reza Mahdavi Kani portrait.jpg
|office = [[List of Chairmen of the Assembly of Experts|Chairman]] of the [[Assembly of Experts]]
| caption =
| office = [[List of Chairmen of the Assembly of Experts|Chairman]] of the [[Assembly of Experts]]
| term_start = 8 March 2011
| term_end = 21 October 2014
| 1blankname = Supreme Leader
|term_start = 8 March 2011
|term_end = 21 October 2014
| 1namedata = [[Ali Khamenei]]
|predecessor = [[Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani]]
| predecessor = [[Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani]]
|successor = [[Mahmoud Hashemi Shahroudi]] {{small|(acting)}}
| successor = [[Mahmoud Hashemi Shahroudi|Mahmoud Shahroudi]]
|office1 = [[Prime Minister of Iran|Acting Prime Minister of Iran]]
| office1 = 44th [[Prime Minister of Iran]]
|term_start1 = 2 September 1981
| term_start1 = 2 September 1981
|term_end1 = 29 October 1981
| term_end1 = 29 October 1981
|president1 = [[Ali Khamenei]]
| president1 = [[Ali Khamenei]]
|predecessor1 = [[Mohammad-Javad Bahonar]]
| predecessor1 = [[Mohammad-Javad Bahonar]]
|successor1 = [[Mir-Hossein Mousavi]]
| successor1 = [[Mir-Hossein Mousavi]]
|office2 = [[Ministry of Interior (Iran)|Minister of Interior]]
| office2 = [[Ministry of Interior (Iran)|Minister of Interior]]
|term_start2 = 20 August 1980
| term_start2 = 10 September 1980
|term_end2 = 1 October 1981
| term_end2 = 3 September 1981 <br />{{small|Acting: 27 February 1980 – 10 September 1980}}
|primeminister2 = [[Mohammad-Ali Rajai]]<br>[[Mohammad-Javad Bahonar]]
| president2 = [[Abolhassan Banisadr]]<br>[[Mohammad-Ali Rajai]]
| primeminister2 = [[Mohammad-Ali Rajai]]<br>[[Mohammad-Javad Bahonar]]
|predecessor2 = [[Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani]]
|successor2 = [[Ali Akbar Nategh-Nouri]]
| predecessor2 = [[Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani]] (acting)
|office3 = [[Ministry of Justice (Iran)|Minister of Justice]]
| successor2 = [[Kamaleddin Nikravesh]]
| office3 = Secretary of the [[Guardian Council]]<br>{{small|Acting}}
|term_start3 = 12 August 1980
|term_end3 = 20 August 1980
| term_start3 = 22 July 1980
| term_end3 = 17 December 1980
|primeminister3 = [[Mohammad-Ali Rajai]]
|predecessor3 = [[Ahmad Sayyed Javadi]]
| appointer3 = [[Ruhollah Khomeini]]
| predecessor3 = ''Position established''
|successor3 = [[Assodollah Mobasheri]]
| successor3 = [[Lotfollah Safi Golpaygani]]
|birth_date = {{birth date|1931|8|6|df=y}}
| birth_date = {{birth date|1931|8|6|df=y}}
|birth_place = [[Kan District]], [[Tehran]], [[Iran]]
| birth_place = [[Kan District]], [[Tehran]], [[Pahlavi Iran|Imperial State of Persia]]
|death_date = {{death date and age|2014|10|21|1931|8|6|df=y}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|2014|10|21|1931|8|6|df=y}}
|death_place = [[Tehran]], [[Iran]]
| death_place = [[Tehran]], [[Islamic Republic of Iran]]
|alma_mater = [[Qom Seminary]]
|party = [[Combatant Clergy Association]]
| resting_place = [[Shah Abdol-Azim Shrine]]
|religion = [[Shia Islam]]
| alma_mater = [[Qom Seminary]]
|nationality = [[Iranian peoples|Iranian]]
| party = [[Combatant Clergy Association]]
| nationality = [[Iranian peoples|Iranian]]
|spouse = Nesa Khaton Sorkhei {{small|(1960–2014, his death)}}
|children = Maryam {{small|(b. 1961)}}<br>Mohammad Saeed {{small|(b. 1966)}}<br>Mehdieh {{small|(b. 1972)}}
| spouse = Nesa Khaton Sorkhei {{small|(1960–2014, his death)}}
|relations = [[Ali Bagheri]]
| children = 3
| relatives = [[Ali Bagheri]] {{small|(nephew)}} <br/> [[Mohammad-Bagher Bagheri]] {{small|(older brother)}}
|website = [http://www.MahdaviKani.ir/ Official website]
| website = [http://www.MahdaviKani.ir/ Official website]
|allegiance = {{flag|Iran}}
| allegiance = [[Iran]]
|serviceyears = 1979–1982
| serviceyears = 1979–1982
|branch = [[Islamic Revolution Committees|Revolutionary Committees]]
|commands = Chief Commander of [[Islamic Revolution Committees|Revolutionary Committees]]
| commands = [[Islamic Revolution Committees|Revolutionary Committees]]
|signature = Signature of Mohammad Reza Mahdavi Kani.svg
| signature = Signature of Mohammad Reza Mahdavi Kani.svg
| native_name_lang = fa
| native_name = {{nobold|محمدرضا مهدوی کنی}}
}}
}}


'''Mohammad Reza Mahdavi Kani''' ({{lang-fa| محمدرضا مهدوی کنی}}, 6 August 1931 – 21 October 2014) was an [[Iranian peoples|Iranian]] [[cleric]], writer and conservative politician who was Acting [[Prime Minister of Iran|Prime Minister]] of Iran from 2 September until 29 October 1981. Before that, he was [[Ministry of Interior (Iran)|Minister of Interior]] and [[Ministry of Justice (Iran)|Minister of Justice]] in the cabinets of [[Mohammad-Ali Rajai]] and [[Mohammad-Javad Bahonar]]. He was the leader of [[Combatant Clergy Association]] and [[List of Chairmen of the Assembly of Experts|Chairman]] of the [[Assembly of Experts]] and also founder and president of [[Imam Sadiq University]].
'''Ayatollah Mohammad Reza Mahdavi Kani''' ({{langx|fa| محمدرضا مهدوی کنی}}, 6 August 1931 – 21 October 2014) was an Iranian [[Shia]] [[cleric]], writer and [[conservative]] and [[Iranian Principlists|principlist]] politician who was [[Prime Minister of Iran]] from 2 September until 29 October 1981. Before that, he was [[Ministry of Interior (Iran)|Minister of Interior]] in the cabinets of [[Mohammad-Ali Rajai]] and [[Mohammad-Javad Bahonar]]. He was the leader of [[Combatant Clergy Association]] and [[List of Chairmen of the Assembly of Experts|Chairman]] of the [[Assembly of Experts]] and also founder and president of [[Imam Sadiq University]].

On 4 June 2014, Mahdavi Kani was hospitalized in Bahman Hospital and went into a coma after suffering a heart attack. He died on 21 October 2014.<ref name="al-monitor">{{cite web|last1=Jedinia|first1=Mehdi|title=Iranian officials mourn powerful cleric|url=http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2014/10/mahdavi-kani-iran-cleric-assembly-experts.html|website=al-monitor|accessdate=21 October 2014}}</ref>


==Early life==
==Early life==
Mahdavi Kani was born on 6 August 1931 in the village of [[Kan District|Kan]], near [[Tehran]].<ref name="The A to Z">{{cite book|last1=Lorentz|first1=John H.|title=The A to Z Guide Series|date=2010|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0810876385|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oV9WwxXbCB8C&pg=PA191&dq=%22+Mahdavi+Kani%22+born&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjYodiwhuzQAhUB5CYKHXKMAA4Q6AEIJDAA#v=onepage&q=%22%20Mahdavi%20Kani%22%20born&f=false}}</ref> His father was an Ayatollah and taught in the Mofid School.<ref name=alex/> After he finished basic education in Kan, he studied at Borhan High School in Tehran. He left for [[Qom]] in 1947 to study at a religious seminary.<ref name="The A to Z"/> His teachers included Ayatollah [[Ruhollah Khomeini]], Grand Ayatollah [[Mohammad-Reza Golpaygani|Seyyed Mohammad Reza Golpayegani]], Grand Ayatollah Seyyed Hossein Boroujerdi and Allameh Sayyed [[Muhammad Husayn Tabatabaei]].<ref name="The A to Z"/>
Mahdavi Kani was born on 6 August 1931<ref>[https://www.parsine.com/fa/news/275856/%D8%B9%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A8%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%BA-%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%84%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C-%D8%B3%D9%86%DA%AF-%D9%85%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A2%DB%8C%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87-%D9%85%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%88%DB%8C-%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C Advertise of the list of fundamentalists, on the stone grave of ayatollah mahdavi kani] parsine.com</ref> in the village of [[Kan District|Kan]], near [[Tehran]].<ref name="The A to Z">{{cite book|last1=Lorentz|first1=John H.|title=The A to Z Guide Series|date=2010|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0810876385|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oV9WwxXbCB8C&pg=PA191}}</ref> His father was an Ayatollah and taught in the Mofid School.<ref name=alex/> After he finished basic education in Kan, he studied at Borhan High School in Tehran. He left for [[Qom]] in 1947 to study at a religious seminary.<ref name="The A to Z"/> His teachers included Ayatollah [[Ruhollah Khomeini]], [[Nematollah Salehi Najafabadi]], Grand Ayatollah [[Mohammad-Reza Golpaygani|Seyyed Mohammad Reza Golpayegani]], Grand Ayatollah Seyyed Hossein Boroujerdi and Allameh Sayyed [[Muhammad Husayn Tabatabaei]].<ref name="The A to Z"/>


He comes back to Tehran in 1961 to teach religious sciences. In that Time, most of clerics participated in protests against Muhammad Reza Shah Pahlavi known in that Time as “taghoot”. Mahdavi kani also added to these clerics and formed alliance with Ayatollah khoemeini.<ref name="The A to Z"/>
He came back to Tehran in 1961 to teach religious sciences. In that time, most of clerics participated in protests against Shah [[Muhammad Reza Pahlavi]]. Mahdavi Kani joined these clerics and formed alliance with Ayatollah Khomeini.<ref name="The A to Z"/>
Also He imprisoned by Shah three times.<ref name="Hiro">{{cite book|last1=Hiro|first1=Dilip|title=Iran Under the Ayatollahs (Routledge Revivals)|date=2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0415669696|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P8QwrtpxdMQC&pg=PA194&dq=mahdavi+kani&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiCib_9zcfNAhWBWCwKHbzSAPMQ6AEINjAE#v=onepage&q&f=false}}</ref>
He also was imprisoned by Shah three times.<ref name="Hiro">{{cite book|last1=Hiro|first1=Dilip|title=Iran Under the Ayatollahs (Routledge Revivals)|date=2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0415669696|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P8QwrtpxdMQC&pg=PA194}}</ref>


==Career==
==Career==
After the demise of [[Ayatollah Boroujerdi]], Mahdavi Kani went back to Tehran and continued his struggle against the [[Pahlavi dynasty|Pahlavi regime]], something which he had started since he was 18, during the time of Ayatollah Boroujerdi. He was considerably active and effective in his participation in the Islamic movement of Iran led by Khomeini. Before the [[Islamic Revolution]], he was appointed by Khomeini to the Revolutionary Council and later took up various political and religious positions. He was the leader of the [[Combatant Clergy Association]], which he cofounded in 1977.<ref name=alex>{{cite web|last=Shone|first=Alex|title=Ayatollah Mohammad Reza Mahdavi-Kani: profile of the new chairman of Iran's Assembly of Experts|url=http://www.defenceviewpoints.co.uk/articles-and-analysis/ayatollah-mohammad-reza-mahdavi-kani-profile-of-the-new-chairman-of-irans-assembly-of-experts|work=Defence Viewpoints|accessdate=16 August 2013}}</ref> Mahdavi Kani refused to join [[Islamic Republican Party]] in 1979, because he believed clerics should remain non-partisan.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Staff|first1=writer|title=Mohammad-Reza Mahdavi Kani in the 15 parts of Islamic republic's history (Persian)|url=http://www8.irna.ir/fa/News/81358777/|website=IRNA|accessdate=25 September 2014}}</ref>
After the demise of [[Ayatollah Boroujerdi]], Mahdavi Kani went back to Tehran and continued his struggle against the [[Pahlavi dynasty|Pahlavi regime]], something which he had started since he was 18, during the time of Ayatollah Boroujerdi. He was considerably active and effective in his participation in the Islamic movement of Iran led by Khomeini. Before the [[Islamic Revolution]], he was appointed by Khomeini to the Revolutionary Council and later took up various political and religious positions. He was the leader of the [[Combatant Clergy Association]], which he cofounded in 1977.<ref name=alex>{{cite web|last=Shone|first=Alex|title=Ayatollah Mohammad Reza Mahdavi-Kani: profile of the new chairman of Iran's Assembly of Experts|url=http://www.defenceviewpoints.co.uk/articles-and-analysis/ayatollah-mohammad-reza-mahdavi-kani-profile-of-the-new-chairman-of-irans-assembly-of-experts|work=Defence Viewpoints|access-date=16 August 2013}}</ref> Mahdavi Kani refused to join [[Islamic Republican Party]] in 1979, because he believed clerics should remain non-partisan.<ref>{{cite web|author=Staff writer|title=Mohammad-Reza Mahdavi Kani in the 15 parts of Islamic republic's history (Persian)|url=http://www8.irna.ir/fa/News/81358777/|website=IRNA|access-date=25 September 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161203060353/http://www8.irna.ir/fa/News/81358777/|archive-date=3 December 2016}}</ref>


He was appointed chief of the Central Provisional Komiteh for the Islamic Revolution that was a body in charge of trials and executions of the civil and military officials of [[Pahlavi era|the Pahlavi era]].<ref name=amnestyr>{{cite web|title=Law And Human Rights in the Islamic Republic of Iran|url=http://www.ihrv.org/inf/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/law_and_human_rights_in_the_islamic_republic_of_iran_february_through_september19791.pdf|work=Amnesty International|accessdate=3 August 2013|format=Report|date=13 March 1980|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924033336/http://www.ihrv.org/inf/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/law_and_human_rights_in_the_islamic_republic_of_iran_february_through_september19791.pdf|archivedate=24 September 2015|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
He was appointed chief of the Central Provisional Komiteh for the Islamic Revolution that was a body in charge of trials and executions of the civil and military officials of [[Pahlavi era|the Pahlavi era]].<ref name=amnestyr>{{cite web|title=Law And Human Rights in the Islamic Republic of Iran|url=http://www.ihrv.org/inf/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/law_and_human_rights_in_the_islamic_republic_of_iran_february_through_september19791.pdf|publisher=Amnesty International|access-date=3 August 2013|format=Report|date=13 March 1980|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924033336/http://www.ihrv.org/inf/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/law_and_human_rights_in_the_islamic_republic_of_iran_february_through_september19791.pdf|archive-date=24 September 2015}}</ref>


He served as the minister of interior in the cabinet of [[Mohammad-Ali Rajai]] to succeeding [[Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani]]. He was reappointed as minister of interior in the cabinet of [[Mohammad-Javad Bahonar]]. He became the interim [[Prime Minister of Iran|prime minister]] on 2 September 1981 and was in office until 29 October 1981.<ref>{{cite web|last=Hosseini|first=Mir M.|title=Interim Government Formed|url=http://www.fouman.com/Y/Get_Iranian_History_Today.php?artid=1287|work=Fourman|accessdate=20 June 2013}}</ref> He was also chairman of [[President of Iran|provisional presidential council]], after the assassination of president [[Mohammad Ali Rajai]] and prime minister [[Mohammad Javad Bahonar]]. He has also been a member of the Constitutional Amendment Council of Iran, appointed by [[Ayatollah Khomeini]], the [[Supreme Leader of Iran]], to review and amend the [[Constitution of Iran]] in 1989. He was also elected as member of the assembly in 2008 in a by-election from [[Tehran]].
He served as the minister of interior in the cabinet of [[Mohammad-Ali Rajai]] to succeeding [[Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani]]. He was reappointed as minister of interior in the cabinet of [[Mohammad-Javad Bahonar]]. He became the interim [[Prime Minister of Iran|prime minister]] on 2 September 1981 and was in office until 29 October 1981.<ref>{{cite web|last=Hosseini|first=Mir M.|title=Interim Government Formed|url=http://www.fouman.com/Y/Get_Iranian_History_Today.php?artid=1287|work=Fourman|access-date=20 June 2013|archive-date=2 February 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190202010136/http://fouman.com/Y/Get_Iranian_History_Today.php?artid=1287|url-status=dead}}</ref> He was also chairman of [[President of Iran|provisional presidential council]], after the assassination of president [[Mohammad Ali Rajai]] and prime minister [[Mohammad Javad Bahonar]]. He has also been a member of the Constitutional Amendment Council of Iran, appointed by [[Ayatollah Khomeini]], the [[Supreme Leader of Iran]], to review and amend the [[Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran|Constitution of Iran]] in 1989. He was also elected as member of the assembly in 2008 in a by-election from [[Tehran]].


Mahdavi Kani is the founder and former head of [[Imam Sadiq University]] in [[Tehran]], a university specializing in [[humanities]].<ref name="The A to Z"/>
Mahdavi Kani is the founder and former head of [[Imam Sadiq University]] in [[Tehran]], a university specializing in [[humanities]].<ref name="The A to Z"/>


He was elected as chairman of the [[Assembly of Experts]] on 8 March 2011 after [[Ali Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani]] resigned from office.<ref name=xin>{{cite news|title=Iran's Assembly of Experts re-elects Mahdavi-Kani as chairman|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/world/2013-03/05/c_132210828.htm|accessdate=16 August 2013|newspaper=Xinhua|date=5 March 2013|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303180838/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/world/2013-03/05/c_132210828.htm|archivedate=3 March 2016|df=dmy-all}}</ref> In March 2013, he was reelected to the post for further two years.<ref name=xin/><ref>{{cite news|last=Karami|first=Arash|title=Iran Mourns Passing of Hugo Chavez|url=http://iranpulse.al-monitor.com/index.php/tag/ayatollah-mohammad-reza-mahdavi-kani/|archive-url=https://archive.is/20130816133220/http://iranpulse.al-monitor.com/index.php/tag/ayatollah-mohammad-reza-mahdavi-kani/|dead-url=yes|archive-date=16 August 2013|accessdate=16 August 2013|newspaper=Al Monitor|date=6 March 2013}}</ref>
He was elected as chairman of the [[Assembly of Experts]] on 8 March 2011 after [[Ali Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani]] resigned from office.<ref name=xin>{{cite news|title=Iran's Assembly of Experts re-elects Mahdavi-Kani as chairman|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/world/2013-03/05/c_132210828.htm|access-date=16 August 2013|agency=Xinhua News Agency|date=5 March 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303180838/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/world/2013-03/05/c_132210828.htm|archive-date=3 March 2016}}</ref> In March 2013, he was reelected to the post for further two years.<ref name=xin/><ref>{{cite news|last=Karami|first=Arash|title=Iran Mourns Passing of Hugo Chavez|url=http://iranpulse.al-monitor.com/index.php/tag/ayatollah-mohammad-reza-mahdavi-kani/|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130816133220/http://iranpulse.al-monitor.com/index.php/tag/ayatollah-mohammad-reza-mahdavi-kani/|url-status=dead|archive-date=16 August 2013|access-date=16 August 2013|newspaper=Al Monitor|date=6 March 2013}}</ref>


==Illness and death==
==Illness and death==
He was hospitalized for a stroke on [[Ruhollah Khomeini]]'s death anniversary, which brought him to coma on 4 June 2014.<ref name="al-monitor"/> He was in coma for more than five months<ref>{{cite web|last1=Staff writer|title=Head of Assembly of Experts dies at 83|url=http://en.mehrnews.com/news/104387/Head-of-Assembly-of-Experts-dies-at-83|website=Mehr News Agency|accessdate=21 October 2014}}</ref> and died on 21 October 2014 at the age of 83.<ref name="al-monitor"/> Mahdavi Kani was survived by his three children, eight grandchildren and two great-grandchildren. Hours after Mahdavi Kani's death, his office announced that his state funeral will be held on 23 October and his body will be buried at [[Shah-Abdol-Azim shrine]].<ref name="WINSOR">{{cite web|last1=WINSOR|first1=MORGAN|title=Ayatollah Mohammad Reza Mahdavi Kani Death: Iranian President Declares Two-Day Mourning After Leading Cleric Dies|url=http://www.ibtimes.com/ayatollah-mohammad-reza-mahdavi-kani-death-iranian-president-declares-two-day-mourning-1708746|website=International Business Times|accessdate=21 October 2014}}</ref> Iranian [[President of Iran|President]] [[Hassan Rouhani]] also announced two [[Day of Mourning|days of mourning]] in his memorial.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Staff|first1=Writer|title=President announced two days of mourning on Mahdavi Kani memorial|url=http://www.tabnak.ir/fa/news/443485/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AD-%D8%A2%DB%8C%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87-%D9%85%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%88%DB%8C-%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C-%D8%A8%D9%87-%D9%85%D9%84%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%84%DB%8C-%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA|website=Tabnak|accessdate=21 October 2014}}</ref>
Mahdavi Kani was hospitalized for a stroke on [[Ruhollah Khomeini]]'s death anniversary, which brought him to coma on 4 June 2014.<ref name="al-monitor">{{cite web |last1=Jedinia |first1=Mehdi |date=21 October 2014 |title=Iranian officials mourn powerful cleric |url=http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2014/10/mahdavi-kani-iran-cleric-assembly-experts.html |access-date=21 October 2014 |website=al-monitor}}</ref> He was in coma for more than five months<ref>{{cite web|last1=Staff writer|title=Head of Assembly of Experts dies at 83|date=21 October 2014 |url=http://en.mehrnews.com/news/104387/Head-of-Assembly-of-Experts-dies-at-83|agency=Mehr News Agency|access-date=21 October 2014}}</ref> and died on 21 October 2014 at the age of 83.<ref name="al-monitor"/> Mahdavi Kani was survived by his three children, eight grandchildren and two great-grandchildren. Hours after Mahdavi Kani's death, his office announced that his state funeral will be held on 23 October and his body will be buried at [[Shah-Abdol-Azim shrine]].<ref name="WINSOR">{{cite web|last1=WINSOR|first1=MORGAN|title=Ayatollah Mohammad Reza Mahdavi Kani Death: Iranian President Declares Two-Day Mourning After Leading Cleric Dies|url=http://www.ibtimes.com/ayatollah-mohammad-reza-mahdavi-kani-death-iranian-president-declares-two-day-mourning-1708746|website=International Business Times|date=21 October 2014 |access-date=21 October 2014}}</ref> Iranian [[President of Iran|President]] [[Hassan Rouhani]] also announced two [[Day of Mourning|days of mourning]] in his memorial.<ref>{{cite web|author=Staff Writer|title=President announced two days of mourning on Mahdavi Kani memorial|url=http://www.tabnak.ir/fa/news/443485/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AD-%D8%A2%DB%8C%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87-%D9%85%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%88%DB%8C-%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C-%D8%A8%D9%87-%D9%85%D9%84%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%84%DB%8C-%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA|website=Tabnak|access-date=21 October 2014}}</ref>


==Works==
==Works==
The following works of Mohammad-Reza Mahdavi Kani are published:<ref>{{cite web|last1=Staff|first1=Writer|title=Ayatollah Mohamad Reza Mahdavi Kani, a Brief Biography|url=https://www.isu.ac.ir/page.aspx?ID=Biography-%20en|website=Imam sadiq university}}</ref>
The following works of Mohammad-Reza Mahdavi Kani are published:<ref>{{cite web|author=Staff Writer|title=Ayatollah Mohamad Reza Mahdavi Kani, a Brief Biography|url=https://www.isu.ac.ir/page.aspx?ID=Biography-%20en|website=Imam sadiq university|access-date=14 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181115233028/https://www.isu.ac.ir/page.aspx?ID=Biography-%20en|archive-date=15 November 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*The Beginning Points in Practical Ethics
*The Beginning Points in Practical Ethics
*The Book of Beest goftar (20 Discourses)
*The Book of Beest goftar (20 Discourses)
Line 79: Line 82:


==See also==
==See also==
{{Portal|Iran|Shia Islam|Biography}}
*[[Interim government of Iran, 1981]]
*[[Interim government of Iran, 1981]]
* [[List of ayatollahs]]
* [[List of members in the Fourth Term of the Council of Experts]]


==References==
==References==
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{{succession box|before=[[Ahmad Sayyed Javadi]]|title=[[Ministry of Justice (Iran)|Minister of Justice]]|years=1980|after=[[Ministry of Justice (Iran)|Assodollah Mobasheri]]}}
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Latest revision as of 00:17, 23 December 2024

Mohammad-Reza Mahdavi Kani
محمدرضا مهدوی کنی
Chairman of the Assembly of Experts
In office
8 March 2011 – 21 October 2014
Supreme LeaderAli Khamenei
Preceded byAkbar Hashemi Rafsanjani
Succeeded byMahmoud Shahroudi
44th Prime Minister of Iran
In office
2 September 1981 – 29 October 1981
PresidentAli Khamenei
Preceded byMohammad-Javad Bahonar
Succeeded byMir-Hossein Mousavi
Minister of Interior
In office
10 September 1980 – 3 September 1981
Acting: 27 February 1980 – 10 September 1980
PresidentAbolhassan Banisadr
Mohammad-Ali Rajai
Prime MinisterMohammad-Ali Rajai
Mohammad-Javad Bahonar
Preceded byAkbar Hashemi Rafsanjani (acting)
Succeeded byKamaleddin Nikravesh
Secretary of the Guardian Council
Acting
In office
22 July 1980 – 17 December 1980
Appointed byRuhollah Khomeini
Preceded byPosition established
Succeeded byLotfollah Safi Golpaygani
Personal details
Born(1931-08-06)6 August 1931
Kan District, Tehran, Imperial State of Persia
Died21 October 2014(2014-10-21) (aged 83)
Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
Resting placeShah Abdol-Azim Shrine
NationalityIranian
Political partyCombatant Clergy Association
SpouseNesa Khaton Sorkhei (1960–2014, his death)
Children3
RelativesAli Bagheri (nephew)
Mohammad-Bagher Bagheri (older brother)
Alma materQom Seminary
Signature
WebsiteOfficial website
Military service
AllegianceIran
Years of service1979–1982
CommandsRevolutionary Committees

Ayatollah Mohammad Reza Mahdavi Kani (Persian: محمدرضا مهدوی کنی, 6 August 1931 – 21 October 2014) was an Iranian Shia cleric, writer and conservative and principlist politician who was Prime Minister of Iran from 2 September until 29 October 1981. Before that, he was Minister of Interior in the cabinets of Mohammad-Ali Rajai and Mohammad-Javad Bahonar. He was the leader of Combatant Clergy Association and Chairman of the Assembly of Experts and also founder and president of Imam Sadiq University.

Early life

[edit]

Mahdavi Kani was born on 6 August 1931[1] in the village of Kan, near Tehran.[2] His father was an Ayatollah and taught in the Mofid School.[3] After he finished basic education in Kan, he studied at Borhan High School in Tehran. He left for Qom in 1947 to study at a religious seminary.[2] His teachers included Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, Nematollah Salehi Najafabadi, Grand Ayatollah Seyyed Mohammad Reza Golpayegani, Grand Ayatollah Seyyed Hossein Boroujerdi and Allameh Sayyed Muhammad Husayn Tabatabaei.[2]

He came back to Tehran in 1961 to teach religious sciences. In that time, most of clerics participated in protests against Shah Muhammad Reza Pahlavi. Mahdavi Kani joined these clerics and formed alliance with Ayatollah Khomeini.[2] He also was imprisoned by Shah three times.[4]

Career

[edit]

After the demise of Ayatollah Boroujerdi, Mahdavi Kani went back to Tehran and continued his struggle against the Pahlavi regime, something which he had started since he was 18, during the time of Ayatollah Boroujerdi. He was considerably active and effective in his participation in the Islamic movement of Iran led by Khomeini. Before the Islamic Revolution, he was appointed by Khomeini to the Revolutionary Council and later took up various political and religious positions. He was the leader of the Combatant Clergy Association, which he cofounded in 1977.[3] Mahdavi Kani refused to join Islamic Republican Party in 1979, because he believed clerics should remain non-partisan.[5]

He was appointed chief of the Central Provisional Komiteh for the Islamic Revolution that was a body in charge of trials and executions of the civil and military officials of the Pahlavi era.[6]

He served as the minister of interior in the cabinet of Mohammad-Ali Rajai to succeeding Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani. He was reappointed as minister of interior in the cabinet of Mohammad-Javad Bahonar. He became the interim prime minister on 2 September 1981 and was in office until 29 October 1981.[7] He was also chairman of provisional presidential council, after the assassination of president Mohammad Ali Rajai and prime minister Mohammad Javad Bahonar. He has also been a member of the Constitutional Amendment Council of Iran, appointed by Ayatollah Khomeini, the Supreme Leader of Iran, to review and amend the Constitution of Iran in 1989. He was also elected as member of the assembly in 2008 in a by-election from Tehran.

Mahdavi Kani is the founder and former head of Imam Sadiq University in Tehran, a university specializing in humanities.[2]

He was elected as chairman of the Assembly of Experts on 8 March 2011 after Ali Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani resigned from office.[8] In March 2013, he was reelected to the post for further two years.[8][9]

Illness and death

[edit]

Mahdavi Kani was hospitalized for a stroke on Ruhollah Khomeini's death anniversary, which brought him to coma on 4 June 2014.[10] He was in coma for more than five months[11] and died on 21 October 2014 at the age of 83.[10] Mahdavi Kani was survived by his three children, eight grandchildren and two great-grandchildren. Hours after Mahdavi Kani's death, his office announced that his state funeral will be held on 23 October and his body will be buried at Shah-Abdol-Azim shrine.[12] Iranian President Hassan Rouhani also announced two days of mourning in his memorial.[13]

Works

[edit]

The following works of Mohammad-Reza Mahdavi Kani are published:[14]

  • The Beginning Points in Practical Ethics
  • The Book of Beest goftar (20 Discourses)
  • Starting Points in Practical Logic
  • The Basics and Principles of Islamic Economy in Holy Koran
  • The Explanation of Iftitah Prayer

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Advertise of the list of fundamentalists, on the stone grave of ayatollah mahdavi kani parsine.com
  2. ^ a b c d e Lorentz, John H. (2010). The A to Z Guide Series. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0810876385.
  3. ^ a b Shone, Alex. "Ayatollah Mohammad Reza Mahdavi-Kani: profile of the new chairman of Iran's Assembly of Experts". Defence Viewpoints. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
  4. ^ Hiro, Dilip (2013). Iran Under the Ayatollahs (Routledge Revivals). Routledge. ISBN 978-0415669696.
  5. ^ Staff writer. "Mohammad-Reza Mahdavi Kani in the 15 parts of Islamic republic's history (Persian)". IRNA. Archived from the original on 3 December 2016. Retrieved 25 September 2014.
  6. ^ "Law And Human Rights in the Islamic Republic of Iran" (PDF). Amnesty International. 13 March 1980. Archived from the original (Report) on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 3 August 2013.
  7. ^ Hosseini, Mir M. "Interim Government Formed". Fourman. Archived from the original on 2 February 2019. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  8. ^ a b "Iran's Assembly of Experts re-elects Mahdavi-Kani as chairman". Xinhua News Agency. 5 March 2013. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
  9. ^ Karami, Arash (6 March 2013). "Iran Mourns Passing of Hugo Chavez". Al Monitor. Archived from the original on 16 August 2013. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
  10. ^ a b Jedinia, Mehdi (21 October 2014). "Iranian officials mourn powerful cleric". al-monitor. Retrieved 21 October 2014.
  11. ^ Staff writer (21 October 2014). "Head of Assembly of Experts dies at 83". Mehr News Agency. Retrieved 21 October 2014.
  12. ^ WINSOR, MORGAN (21 October 2014). "Ayatollah Mohammad Reza Mahdavi Kani Death: Iranian President Declares Two-Day Mourning After Leading Cleric Dies". International Business Times. Retrieved 21 October 2014.
  13. ^ Staff Writer. "President announced two days of mourning on Mahdavi Kani memorial". Tabnak. Retrieved 21 October 2014.
  14. ^ Staff Writer. "Ayatollah Mohamad Reza Mahdavi Kani, a Brief Biography". Imam sadiq university. Archived from the original on 15 November 2018. Retrieved 14 December 2016.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mohammad Reza Mahdavi Kani.
Political offices
Preceded by Minister of Interior
1980–1981 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Prime Minister of Iran
1981 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Chairman of the Assembly of Experts
2011–2014 		Succeeded by
Party political offices
Preceded by Secretary-General of Combatant Clergy Association
1981–2014 		Succeeded by
Academic offices
Preceded by President of Imam Sadiq University
1983–2014 		Succeeded by
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