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{{Short description|Museum and cultural heritage site in Moscow, Russia}}
{{Unreferenced|date=December 2010}}
{{More citations needed|date=December 2010}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2020}}
{{Infobox building
{{Infobox building
| name = Kremlin Armoury or Armoury Chamber
| name = Kremlin Armoury
| native_name = Оружейная палата
| native_name = Оружейная палата
| native_name_lang = ru
| native_name_lang = ru
| former_names =
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| alternate_names =
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| image = Kremlin Armoury.jpg
| image = MoscowKremlin Armoury S30.jpg
| caption = Moscow Armoury
| caption = Moscow Armoury
| image_map = Moscow_Kremlin_map_-_The_Armoury.png
| image_map = Moscow_Kremlin_map_-_The_Armoury.png
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| height =
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The '''Kremlin Armoury''',<ref group=Note>Officially called the "Armou/ory Chamber" but also known as the cannon yard, the "Armou/ory Palace", the "Moscow Armou/ory", the "Armou/ory Museum", and the "Moscow Armou/ory Museum" but different from the [[Kremlin Arsenal]].</ref> ({{lang-ru|Оружейная палата}}) is one of the oldest [[museum]]s of [[Moscow]], established in 1851 and located in the [[Moscow Kremlin]].
The '''Kremlin Armoury'''<ref group=Note>Officially called the "Armoury Chamber" but also known as the cannon yard, the "Armoury Palace", the "Moscow Armoury", the "Armoury Museum", and the "Moscow Armoury Museum" but different from the [[Kremlin Arsenal]].</ref> ({{langx|ru|Оружейная палата}}) is one of the oldest museums in Moscow. It is located in the [[Moscow Kremlin]], and is a part of the [[Moscow Kremlin Museums|Moscow Kremlin Museum]].
[[File:Kremlin Armoury interior 03 by shakko.jpg|thumb|Kremlin Armoury interior]]

[[File:Persian Arms and Armours - Kremlin Armoury Museum Moscow.jpg|thumb|Persian Arms and Armours at the Kremlin Armoury Museum]]
The Kremlin [[Armory (military)|Armoury]] originated as the royal [[arsenal]] in 1508. Until the transfer of the court to [[St Petersburg]], the Armoury was in charge of producing, purchasing and storing weapons, jewelry and various household articles of the tsars. The finest Muscovite [[gunsmith]]s (the Vyatkin brothers), jewelers (Gavrila Ovdokimov), and painters ([[Simon Ushakov]]) used to work there. In 1640 and 1683, they opened the [[iconography]] and pictorial studios, where the lessons on painting and handicrafts could be given. In 1700, the Armoury was enriched with the treasures of the Golden and Silver chambers of the Russian tsars.
The Kremlin [[Armory (military)|Armoury]] originated as the royal [[arsenal]] in 1508. Until the transfer of the court to [[St Petersburg]], the Armoury was in charge of producing, purchasing and storing weapons, jewelry and various household articles of the tsars. The finest Muscovite [[gunsmith]]s (the Vyatkin brothers), jewelers (Gavrila Ovdokimov), and painters ([[Simon Ushakov]]) used to work there. In 1640 and 1683, they opened the [[iconography]] and pictorial studios, where the lessons on painting and handicrafts could be given. In 1700, the Armoury was enriched with the treasures of the Golden and Silver chambers of the Russian tsars.


==History==
In 1711, [[Peter I of Russia|Peter the Great]] had the majority of masters transferred to his new capital, [[St Petersburg]]. 15 years later, the Armoury was merged with the Fiscal Yard (the oldest depository of the royal treasures), [[Stable]]s Treasury (in charge of storing harnesses and carriages) and the Master Chamber (in charge of sewing clothes and bedclothes for the [[tsar]]s). After that, the Armoury was renamed into the Arms and Master Chamber. [[Alexander I of Russia]] nominated the Armoury as the first public museum<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.moscovery.com/kremlin-armory-museum/|title=About The Kremlin Armoury Museum [In English]|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref> in [[Moscow]] in 1806, but the collections were not opened to the public until seven years later. The current Armoury building was erected in 1844-1851 by the imperial architect [[Konstantin Ton]]. The director of the museum from 1852 to 1870 was the writer [[Alexander Veltman]].
In 1711, [[Peter I of Russia|Peter the Great]] had the majority of masters transferred to his new capital, [[St Petersburg]]. 15 years later, the Armoury was merged with the Fiscal Yard (the oldest depository of the royal treasures), [[Stable]]s Treasury (in charge of storing harnesses and carriages) and the Master Chamber (in charge of sewing clothes and bedclothes for the [[tsar]]s). After that, the Armoury was renamed into the Arms and Master Chamber. [[Alexander I of Russia]] nominated the Armoury as the first public museum<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.moscovery.com/kremlin-armory-museum/|title=About The Kremlin Armoury Museum [In English]|access-date=5 April 2018|archive-date=6 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180406040237/https://www.moscovery.com/kremlin-armory-museum/|url-status=dead}}</ref> in Moscow in 1806, but the collections were not opened to the public until seven years later.


Ten of the 44 surviving [[Fabergé egg|Fabergé imperial Easter egg]]s are displayed at the Armory Museum.<ref name="Faberge Eggs - the fate of the eggs">{{cite web |url=https://www.pbs.org/treasuresoftheworld/faberge/flevel_1/f7_fate_of_eggs.html |title=Faberge Eggs – the fate of the eggs |publisher=Pbs.org |access-date=26 March 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120525225124/http://www.pbs.org/treasuresoftheworld/faberge/flevel_1/f7_fate_of_eggs.html |archive-date=25 May 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> After the [[Russian Revolution (1917)|Russian Revolution]], the [[House of Romanov|imperial family]]'s palaces were ransacked and their treasures moved to the Kremlin Armoury on order of [[Vladimir Lenin]].<ref name="Faberge Eggs - the fate of the eggs"/>
After the [[Bolshevik Revolution]], the Armoury collection was enriched with treasures taken from the [[Patriarch]] [[sacristy]], Kremlin cathedrals, monasteries and private collections. Some of these were sold abroad on behest of [[Joseph Stalin]] in the 1930s. In 1960, the Armoury became the official museum of the Kremlin. Two years later, the Patriarch chambers and the Cathedral of the Twelve Apostles were assigned to the Armoury in order to house the Applied Arts Museum.


==Russian Diamond Fund==
The Kremlin Armoury is currently home to the [[Diamond Fund|Russian Diamond Fund]]. It holds unique collections of the Russian, [[Western European]] and [[Eastern world|Eastern]] [[applied arts]] spanning the period from the 5th to the 20th centuries. Some of the highlights include the [[Imperial Crown of Russia]] by jeweller [[Jérémie Pauzié]], [[Monomakh's Cap]], the ivory throne of [[Ivan the Terrible]], and other regal thrones and [[regalia]]; the [[Orlov (diamond)|Orloff Diamond]]; the helmet of [[Yaroslav II of Vladimir|Yaroslav II]]; the [[sabre]]s of [[Kuzma Minin]] and [[Dmitri Mikhailovich Pozharski|Dmitri Pozharski]]; the 12th-century [[necklace]]s from [[Ryazan]]; golden and silver tableware; articles, decorated with [[Vitreous enamel|enamel]], [[niello]] and [[engraving]]s; [[embroidery]] with gold and pearls; imperial carriages, weapons, armour, and the ''[[Memory of Azov (Fabergé egg)|Memory of Azov]]'', ''[[Bouquet of Lilies Clock (Fabergé egg)|Bouquet of Lilies Clock]]'', ''[[Trans-Siberian Railway (Fabergé egg)|Trans-Siberian Railway]]'', ''[[Clover Leaf (Fabergé egg)|Clover Leaf]]'', ''[[Moscow Kremlin (Fabergé egg)|Moscow Kremlin]]'', ''[[Alexander Palace (Fabergé egg)|Alexander Palace]]'', ''[[Standart Yacht (Fabergé egg)|Standart Yacht]]'', ''[[Alexander III Equestrian (Fabergé egg)|Alexander III Equestrian]]'', ''[[Romanov Tercentenary (Fabergé egg)|Romanov Tercentenary]]'', ''[[Steel Military (Fabergé egg)|Steel Military]]'' [[Fabergé eggs]]. The ten Fabergé eggs in the Armoury collection (all Imperial eggs) are the most Imperial eggs, and the second-most overall Fabergé eggs, owned by a single owner.
Beside the Armoury Chamber/Museum, the Kremlin Armoury is also currently home to the [[Diamond Fund|Russian Diamond Fund]].


==Notes==
==Notes==
{{reflist|group=Note}}
{{Reflist|group=Note}}


==References==
==References==
{{Commons category}}
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120702230434/http://www.kreml.ru/en/museums/armoury/ Kremlin Museums: The Armoury Chamber]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120702230434/http://www.kreml.ru/en/museums/armoury/ Kremlin Museums: The Armoury Chamber]
* [http://tour-planet.com/articles/52 The Armory Chamber – Travel Guide]


{{Kremlin}}
{{Kremlin}}
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{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2010}}


[[Category:Buildings and structures in Moscow]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Moscow]]
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[[Category:Jewellery museums]]
[[Category:Jewellery museums]]
[[Category:Decorative arts museums in Russia]]
[[Category:Decorative arts museums in Russia]]
[[Category:Cultural heritage monuments of federal significance in Moscow]]

Latest revision as of 13:41, 24 October 2024

Kremlin Armoury
Оружейная палата
Moscow Armoury
Location in the Moscow Kremlin
General information
Coordinates55°44′58.25″N 37°36′47.90″E / 55.7495139°N 37.6133056°E / 55.7495139; 37.6133056
Construction started1508
OwnerGovernment of Russia

The Kremlin Armoury[Note 1] (Russian: Оружейная палата) is one of the oldest museums in Moscow. It is located in the Moscow Kremlin, and is a part of the Moscow Kremlin Museum.

Kremlin Armoury interior
Persian Arms and Armours at the Kremlin Armoury Museum

The Kremlin Armoury originated as the royal arsenal in 1508. Until the transfer of the court to St Petersburg, the Armoury was in charge of producing, purchasing and storing weapons, jewelry and various household articles of the tsars. The finest Muscovite gunsmiths (the Vyatkin brothers), jewelers (Gavrila Ovdokimov), and painters (Simon Ushakov) used to work there. In 1640 and 1683, they opened the iconography and pictorial studios, where the lessons on painting and handicrafts could be given. In 1700, the Armoury was enriched with the treasures of the Golden and Silver chambers of the Russian tsars.

History

[edit]

In 1711, Peter the Great had the majority of masters transferred to his new capital, St Petersburg. 15 years later, the Armoury was merged with the Fiscal Yard (the oldest depository of the royal treasures), Stables Treasury (in charge of storing harnesses and carriages) and the Master Chamber (in charge of sewing clothes and bedclothes for the tsars). After that, the Armoury was renamed into the Arms and Master Chamber. Alexander I of Russia nominated the Armoury as the first public museum[1] in Moscow in 1806, but the collections were not opened to the public until seven years later.

Ten of the 44 surviving Fabergé imperial Easter eggs are displayed at the Armory Museum.[2] After the Russian Revolution, the imperial family's palaces were ransacked and their treasures moved to the Kremlin Armoury on order of Vladimir Lenin.[2]

Russian Diamond Fund

[edit]

Beside the Armoury Chamber/Museum, the Kremlin Armoury is also currently home to the Russian Diamond Fund.

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Officially called the "Armoury Chamber" but also known as the cannon yard, the "Armoury Palace", the "Moscow Armoury", the "Armoury Museum", and the "Moscow Armoury Museum" but different from the Kremlin Arsenal.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "About The Kremlin Armoury Museum [In English]". Archived from the original on 6 April 2018. Retrieved 5 April 2018.
  2. ^ a b "Faberge Eggs – the fate of the eggs". Pbs.org. Archived from the original on 25 May 2012. Retrieved 26 March 2012.
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