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{{Short description|American light rail vehicle}}
{{Infobox train
{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2024|cs1-dates=ly}}{{Infobox train
| background =
| name = Nippon Sharyo P865/P2020
| name = Nippon Sharyo P865 & P2020
| image = File:Expo Line and L.A. skyline.jpg
| image = Expo Line and L.A. skyline.jpg
| imagealt =
| imagealt =
| imagesize =
| caption =
| interiorimage = LACMTA Metro Blue Line Nippo Shirayo Car Number 160A.JPG
| caption =
| interiorimage = File:LACMTA Metro Blue Line Nippo Shirayo Car Number 160A.JPG
| interiorimagealt =
| interiorimagealt =
| interiorcaption =
| interiorcaption =
| service =
| service = {{plainlist|
* 1990–2018 (P865)
| manufacturer = [[Nippon Sharyo]]
* 1995–2021 (P2020)
| ordernumber =
}}
| factory =
| manufacturer = [[Nippon Sharyo]]
| yearconstruction =
| factory =
| yearservice = 1989
| yearconstruction = {{plainlist|
| refurbishment =
* 1989–1990 (P865)
| numberconstruction=
* 1994–1995 (P2020)
| numberbuilt = 69
}}
| numberservice =
| refurbishment =
| formation = Single unit
| yearscrapped = {{plainlist|
| diagram =
* 2017–2018 (P865)
| fleetnumbers = P865: 100-153
* 2021 (P2020)
P2020: 154-168
}}
| capacity = 180 (76 seats)
| numberbuilt = {{plainlist|
| operator = [[Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority]]
* 54 (P865)
| depots =
* 15 (P2020)
| lines = {{LACMTA icon|Blue|showtext=yes}}<br />{{LACMTA icon|Expo|showtext=yes}}<br />{{LACMTA icon|Green|showtext=yes}}(1995–2001)
}}
| carbody = [[Alloy steel|Low alloy]] [[Carbon steel|high tensile steel]]
| numberpreserved = {{plainlist|
| carlength = {{convert|87|ft|m|2|abbr=on}} <br />[[Articulated car]]
* 3 (P865)
| width = {{convert|8|ft|m|2|abbr=on}}
* 1 (P2020)
| height = {{convert|11.6|ft|m|2|abbr=on}}
}}
| weight = {{convert|94160|lb|kg|sigfig=4}}
| numberscrapped = {{plainlist|
| floorheight =
* 51 (P865)
| platformheight =
* 14 (P2020)
}}
| successor = [[Kinki Sharyo P3010]]
| formation = Single unit
| fleetnumbers = {{plainlist|
* 100-153 (P865)
* 154-168 (P2020)
}}
| capacity = 104 standing, 76 seated
| operator = {{LACMTA link logo}}
| lines = {{plainlist|
* {{LACMTA icon strip|A|E}}
* {{LACMTA icon|C}} (P2020 only, 1995–2002)
}}
| carbody = [[Alloy steel|Low alloy]] [[Carbon steel|high tensile steel]]
| carlength = {{convert|26518|mm|ftin|frac=16|abbr=on|order=flip}}
| width = {{convert|2661|mm|ftin|frac=16|abbr=on|order=flip}}
| height = {{convert|3505|mm|ftin|frac=16|abbr=on|order=flip}}
| weight = {{convert|94160|lb|t|abbr=on}}
| floorheight = {{convert|996|mm|in|abbr=on|order=flip}}
| platformheight =
| entrylevelorstep =
| entrylevelorstep =
| doors = 8 (4 per side)
| doors = 8 (4 per side)
| art-sections =
| art-sections = 2 (one articulation)
| wheeldiameter = {{convert|2.4|ft|m|2|abbr=on}}
| wheeldiameter = {{convert|711.2|mm|ftin|abbr=on|order=flip}}
| wheelbase = {{convert|6.2|ft|m|2|abbr=on}}
| wheelbase = {{convert|1.9|m|ftin|frac=16|abbr=on|order=flip}}
| maxspeed = {{convert|55|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}}
| maxspeed = {{convert|55|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}
| axleload =
| axleload =
| traction =
| traction = Chopper control
| engine =
| poweroutput =
| poweroutput =
| tractiveeffort =
| tractiveeffort =
| transmission =
| transmission =
| acceleration =
| acceleration =
| deceleration =
| deceleration =
| aux =
| aux =
| powersupply =
| electricsystem = {{750 V DC|conductor=overhead}}
| powersupply =
| collectionmethod = [[Brecknell Willis]] & [[Faiveley Transport|Faiveley]] [[Pantograph (transport)|pantographs]]
| hvac = Yes
| aarwheels = B-2-B
| electricsystem = 750 [[Volt|V]] [[Direct current|DC]] [[Overhead line]]
| bogies = Inside-bearing type with resilient wheels
| collectionmethod = [[Pantograph (rail)|Pantograph]]
| brakes = Pulse width controlled electro-pneumatic disc brake
| uicclass =
| safety = {{plainlist|
| aarwheels =
* P865: [[Emergency brake (train)|Emergency brake]]s, [[Automatic train protection|ATP]]
| bogies = Inside-bearing type with resilient wheels (2 motored trucks + 1 non-powered center truck)
* P2020: [[Automatic train control|ATC]], [[Communications-based train control|CBTC]], [[Automatic train operation|ATO]] (pre-2003), ATP
| brakes = Pulse width controlled electro-pneumatic disc brake
}}
| safety = [[Automatic Train Control]], [[Emergency brake (train)|Emergency brake]]s
| coupling = Tomlinson
| coupling = Automatic tight lock coupler (for both mechanical and electrical connections) with cartridge type impact energy absorption device
| multipleworking =
| multipleworking =
| gauge = {{Track gauge|ussg|allk=on}}
| gauge = {{Track gauge|ussg|allk=on}}
| notes = <ref name="NipSha">{{cite web|title=LRV for LACMTA|url=http://www.nipponsharyousa.com/products/pages/zlactc.htm|website=Nippon Sharyo USA|publisher=Nippon Sharyo|accessdate=8 March 2016}}</ref>
| notes = <ref name="Nissha">{{cite web|title=Articulated LRV|url=https://www.n-sharyo.co.jp/business/tetsudo_e/pages/zlactc.htm|website=Nippon Sharyo|access-date=2 March 2021|archive-date=6 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201106083531/https://www.n-sharyo.co.jp/business/tetsudo_e/pages/zlactc.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>
}}
}}


The '''Nippon Sharyo P865/P2020''' is an [[Articulated car|articulated]] [[light rail]] vehicle used on the [[Metro Rail (Los Angeles County)|Los Angeles County Metro Rail]] system. It was manufactured by [[Nippon Sharyo]] and is used on Metro's [[Blue Line (Los Angeles Metro)|Blue]] and [[Expo Line (Los Angeles Metro)|Expo Lines]]. The original 54 trains were ordered at a cost of $1.17 million each.<ref>{{cite news |last=Ramberg |first=Anders |date=July 13, 1990 |title=Transit: Sleek New Blue Line Will Debut on Saturday |page=A22 |work=[[The Los Angeles Times]] |url=https://latimes.newspapers.com/clip/16358860/nippon_sharyo_p865_lrv/ |via=[[Newspapers.com]] |accessdate=January 7, 2018}} {{free access}}</ref> It is planned that the P865 models retire by August 2018, with the P2020 models retiring in the next few years.
The '''P865''' and '''P2020''' are retired [[Articulated car|articulated]] [[light rail]] vehicles used on the [[Los Angeles Metro Rail]] system. They were manufactured by [[Nippon Sharyo]] and used on the [[A Line (Los Angeles Metro)|A]], [[C Line (Los Angeles Metro)|C]] (P2020), and [[E Line (Los Angeles Metro)|E]] lines.


The trains feature [[automatic train control]] (P2020 model only), [[air conditioning]], emergency intercoms, wheelchair spaces and automated announcements. They are of an air-electric design, with air powered doors, friction brakes, and [[pantograph (rail)]].
The trains featured [[air conditioning]], emergency intercoms, wheelchair spaces and automated announcements. They are of an air-electric design, with air powered doors, friction brakes, and a [[pantograph (transport)|pantograph]].
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== Overhaul ==


== Operational history ==
In late 2013, Metro awarded a 60-month fixed price contract to ORX to overhaul the powered axle assemblies for the then twenty-three year old P865/P2020's.<ref>{{cite web|title=P865/P2020 Light Rail Vehicle Powered Axle Assembly Overhaul|url=http://media.metro.net/board/Items/2013/10_october/20131017opitem35.pdf|website=media.metro.net|publisher=LACMTA|accessdate=8 March 2016}}</ref>
The P865s were the first urban rail vehicles to run in Los Angeles County since the [[Pacific Electric|Pacific Electric Railway]] ceased operations in 1965 as the first cars were delivered in May 1989. The original 54 railcars, numbered 100–153, were ordered at a cost of $1.17 million each.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://latimes.newspapers.com/clip/16358860/nippon_sharyo_p865_lrv/|title=Transit: Sleek New Blue Line Will Debut on Saturday|last=Ramberg|first=Anders|date=July 13, 1990|work=[[The Los Angeles Times]]|accessdate=January 7, 2018|page=A22|via=[[Newspapers.com]]|archive-date=January 8, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180108174813/https://latimes.newspapers.com/clip/16358860/nippon_sharyo_p865_lrv/|url-status=live}} {{free access}}</ref> Prior to entering service, all of the railcars were [[Ceremonial ship launching|christened]] after various cities in [[Los Angeles County, California|Los Angeles County]]; it was in the same style as christening a ship before being launched.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thesource.metro.net/2017/06/22/the-metro-blue-line-says-hellogoodbye-to-newold-rail-cars/|title=The Metro Blue Line says hello/goodbye to new/old rail cars|last=Ubaldo|first=Jose|date=2017-06-22|website=The Source|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-09|archive-date=2019-07-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190709205352/https://thesource.metro.net/2017/06/22/the-metro-blue-line-says-hellogoodbye-to-newold-rail-cars/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=metrolibrarian|title=(1990) "Metro Blue Line Grand Opening and Mobility Promo"|date=2008-04-18|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=scqwa--KhJU|access-date=2019-07-09|archive-date=2019-11-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191115194431/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=scqwa--KhJU|url-status=live}}</ref> Examples include ''Long Beach'' (Car 100) and ''Bell'' (Car 105).<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Morris |first=Asia |date=2017-06-21 |title=Metro Says Goodbye to Old Blue Line Rail Cars After 27 Years of Service |url=https://lbpost.com/news/place/public-transit/metro-says-goodbye-to-old-blue-line-rail-cars-after-27-years-of-service/ |access-date=2024-01-17 |work=Long Beach Post}}</ref>


== P2020 ==
=== Nippon Sharyo P2020 ===
The '''P2020''' was the newer version of the P865, which had automated control panels for Green Line service since the [[C Line (Los Angeles Metro)|C Line]] was initially intended to be [[Automated guideway transit|fully automated]]. 15 vehicles with that model designation were delivered to Metro in 1994.<ref name="NisshaProd2">{{cite web|url=https://www.n-sharyo.co.jp/business/tetsudo_e/prod_overseas_usa.htm|title=Overseas USA|website=Nippon Sharyo|access-date=2 March 2021|archive-date=2 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220302041856/https://www.n-sharyo.co.jp/business/tetsudo_e/prod_overseas_usa.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> The railcars, numbered 154–168, entered revenue service on the Green Line the following year. In the early 2000s, the railcars were transferred to the Blue Line fleet when the Green Line received newer [[Siemens P2000]] LRVs.


=== Overhaul ===
The P2020, which was also produced by Nippon Sharyo for the LACMTA, is identical to the P865, except that it had automatic train control and control box for Green Line service since the Green Line was originally supposed to be an [[automated people mover]]. A total of fifteen vehicles with that model number were delivered to Metro in 1994.<ref name="NipShaProd">{{cite web|title=Products|url=http://www.nipponsharyousa.com/products.htm|website=Nippon Sharyo USA|publisher=Nippon Sharyo|accessdate=8 March 2016}}</ref>
In late 2013, Metro awarded a 60-month fixed price contract to ORX to overhaul the powered axle assemblies for the then twenty-three year old railcars.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://media.metro.net/board/Items/2013/10_october/20131017opitem35.pdf|title=P865/P2020 Light Rail Vehicle Powered Axle Assembly Overhaul|website=media.metro.net|publisher=LACMTA|accessdate=8 March 2016|archive-date=9 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160309111634/http://media.metro.net/board/Items/2013/10_october/20131017opitem35.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>


== Retirement and preservation ==
== References ==
The P865s were completely retired in September 2018 after 28 years of service, and were replaced by [[Kinki Sharyo P3010]]s.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=http://thesource.metro.net/2018/09/28/last-p865-light-rail-car/|title=End of an era: the last P865 light rail car has been decommissioned|date=2018-09-28|work=The Source|access-date=2018-10-19|language=en-US|archive-date=2018-10-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181019122026/http://thesource.metro.net/2018/09/28/last-p865-light-rail-car/|url-status=live}}</ref> While most of the P865s were dismantled for parts and subsequently scrapped,<ref name=":0" /> Cars 100, 108 and 144 were retained. Car 100, christened ''Long Beach'' and painted in the original [[Los Angeles County Transportation Commission]] (LACTC) livery, is being preserved for its namesake city, and will be placed on static display in Downtown Long Beach.<ref name=":1" /> Car 144, christened ''South Gate'', was donated to the [[Southern California Railway Museum]] in [[Perris, California]].<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2021-04-18 |title=Now-retired Metro rail car may soon serve as cafe or museum in Long Beach |url=https://lbpost.com/news/now-retired-metro-rail-car-may-soon-serve-as-cafe-or-museum-in-long-beach/ |access-date=2024-01-17 |work=Long Beach Post}}</ref> Car 108 was modified for chemical defence training and delivered to [[Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri|Fort Leonard Wood]] in Missouri.
{{Reflist}}


The P2020s were retired in 2021, as Metro did not have enough rail yard capacity to store the trains after the final batch of the [[Kinki Sharyo P3010]] trains were delivered. All 15 railcars were retired throughout early 2021, with the last were removed from service on April 23, 2021. In early 2021, the P2020s were towed to Division 16 in [[Westchester, California|Westchester]] via the [[C Line (Los Angeles Metro)|C]] and [[K Line (Los Angeles Metro)|K]] lines. On March 5, P865 Car 100 assisted in the towing operation. Most of the P2020 fleet was later removed and scrapped, but Car 164 is preserved at the [[Western Railway Museum]] in [[Suisun City, California]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Los Angeles Metro 164 |url=https://www.wrm.org/visit/car-roster/passenger-cars/light-rail/item/164-metro-164 |access-date=2024-01-17 |website=Western Railway Museum}}</ref>
== External links ==

* {{Commonscat-inline|2=LACMTA P865}}
== In popular culture ==
* {{Commonscat-inline|1=LACMTA P2020}}
The P865 has made several media appearances other than public service announcements. It was featured in movies such as ''[[Lethal Weapon 3]]'', "[[Heat (1995 film)]]" , ''[[Virtuosity]]'', [[The Italian Job (2003 film)|''The Italian Job'']], "[[Collateral (film)]]" and [[Captain Marvel (film)|''Captain Marvel'']].

== See also ==
* [[Los Angeles Metro Rail rolling stock]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}{{Los Angeles Metro Rail rolling stock}}{{Commons category}}
{{Commons category|LACMTA P2020}}


[[Category:Los Angeles Metro Rail]]
[[Category:Los Angeles Metro Rail]]
[[Category:Electric multiple units of the United States]]
[[Category:Electric multiple units of the United States]]
[[Category:750 V DC multiple units]]
[[Category:Train-related introductions in 1990]]
[[Category:Light rail vehicles]]
[[Category:Articulated passenger trains]]
[[Category:Nippon Sharyo multiple units]]




Latest revision as of 21:44, 16 July 2024

Nippon Sharyo P865 & P2020
In service
  • 1990–2018 (P865)
  • 1995–2021 (P2020)
ManufacturerNippon Sharyo
Constructed
  • 1989–1990 (P865)
  • 1994–1995 (P2020)
Scrapped
  • 2017–2018 (P865)
  • 2021 (P2020)
Number built
  • 54 (P865)
  • 15 (P2020)
Number preserved
  • 3 (P865)
  • 1 (P2020)
Number scrapped
  • 51 (P865)
  • 14 (P2020)
SuccessorKinki Sharyo P3010
FormationSingle unit
Fleet numbers
  • 100-153 (P865)
  • 154-168 (P2020)
Capacity104 standing, 76 seated
Operators
Lines served
  • A Line E Line 
  • C Line  (P2020 only, 1995–2002)
Specifications
Car body constructionLow alloy high tensile steel
Car length87 ft 0 in (26,518 mm)
Width8 ft 8+3⁄4 in (2,661 mm)
Height11 ft 6 in (3,505 mm)
Floor height39.2 in (996 mm)
Doors8 (4 per side)
Articulated sections2 (one articulation)
Wheel diameter2 ft 4.00 in (711.2 mm)
Wheelbase6 ft 2+13⁄16 in (1.9 m)
Maximum speed55 mph (89 km/h)
Weight94,160 lb (42.71 t)
Traction systemChopper control
Electric system(s)Overhead line, 750 V DC
Current collector(s)Brecknell Willis & Faiveley pantographs
AAR wheel arrangementB-2-B
BogiesInside-bearing type with resilient wheels
Braking system(s)Pulse width controlled electro-pneumatic disc brake
Safety system(s)
Coupling systemTomlinson
Track gauge4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Notes/references
[1]

The P865 and P2020 are retired articulated light rail vehicles used on the Los Angeles Metro Rail system. They were manufactured by Nippon Sharyo and used on the A, C (P2020), and E lines.

The trains featured air conditioning, emergency intercoms, wheelchair spaces and automated announcements. They are of an air-electric design, with air powered doors, friction brakes, and a pantograph.

Operational history

[edit]

The P865s were the first urban rail vehicles to run in Los Angeles County since the Pacific Electric Railway ceased operations in 1965 as the first cars were delivered in May 1989. The original 54 railcars, numbered 100–153, were ordered at a cost of $1.17 million each.[2] Prior to entering service, all of the railcars were christened after various cities in Los Angeles County; it was in the same style as christening a ship before being launched.[3][4] Examples include Long Beach (Car 100) and Bell (Car 105).[5]

Nippon Sharyo P2020

[edit]

The P2020 was the newer version of the P865, which had automated control panels for Green Line service since the C Line was initially intended to be fully automated. 15 vehicles with that model designation were delivered to Metro in 1994.[6] The railcars, numbered 154–168, entered revenue service on the Green Line the following year. In the early 2000s, the railcars were transferred to the Blue Line fleet when the Green Line received newer Siemens P2000 LRVs.

Overhaul

[edit]

In late 2013, Metro awarded a 60-month fixed price contract to ORX to overhaul the powered axle assemblies for the then twenty-three year old railcars.[7]

Retirement and preservation

[edit]

The P865s were completely retired in September 2018 after 28 years of service, and were replaced by Kinki Sharyo P3010s.[8] While most of the P865s were dismantled for parts and subsequently scrapped,[8] Cars 100, 108 and 144 were retained. Car 100, christened Long Beach and painted in the original Los Angeles County Transportation Commission (LACTC) livery, is being preserved for its namesake city, and will be placed on static display in Downtown Long Beach.[5] Car 144, christened South Gate, was donated to the Southern California Railway Museum in Perris, California.[9] Car 108 was modified for chemical defence training and delivered to Fort Leonard Wood in Missouri.

The P2020s were retired in 2021, as Metro did not have enough rail yard capacity to store the trains after the final batch of the Kinki Sharyo P3010 trains were delivered. All 15 railcars were retired throughout early 2021, with the last were removed from service on April 23, 2021. In early 2021, the P2020s were towed to Division 16 in Westchester via the C and K lines. On March 5, P865 Car 100 assisted in the towing operation. Most of the P2020 fleet was later removed and scrapped, but Car 164 is preserved at the Western Railway Museum in Suisun City, California.[10]

[edit]

The P865 has made several media appearances other than public service announcements. It was featured in movies such as Lethal Weapon 3, "Heat (1995 film)" , Virtuosity, The Italian Job, "Collateral (film)" and Captain Marvel.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Articulated LRV". Nippon Sharyo. Archived from the original on 2020-11-06. Retrieved 2021-03-02.
  2. ^ Ramberg, Anders (July 13, 1990). "Transit: Sleek New Blue Line Will Debut on Saturday". The Los Angeles Times. p. A22. Archived from the original on 2018-01-08. Retrieved 2018-01-07 – via Newspapers.com. Free access icon
  3. ^ Ubaldo, Jose (June 22, 2017). "The Metro Blue Line says hello/goodbye to new/old rail cars". The Source. Archived from the original on 2019-07-09. Retrieved 2019-07-09.
  4. ^ metrolibrarian (April 18, 2008), (1990) "Metro Blue Line Grand Opening and Mobility Promo", archived from the original on 2019-11-15, retrieved 2019-07-09
  5. ^ a b Morris, Asia (June 21, 2017). "Metro Says Goodbye to Old Blue Line Rail Cars After 27 Years of Service". Long Beach Post. Retrieved 2024-01-17.
  6. ^ "Overseas USA". Nippon Sharyo. Archived from the original on 2022-03-02. Retrieved 2021-03-02.
  7. ^ "P865/P2020 Light Rail Vehicle Powered Axle Assembly Overhaul" (PDF). media.metro.net. LACMTA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-03-09. Retrieved 2016-03-08.
  8. ^ a b "End of an era: the last P865 light rail car has been decommissioned". The Source. September 28, 2018. Archived from the original on 2018-10-19. Retrieved 2018-10-19.
  9. ^ "Now-retired Metro rail car may soon serve as cafe or museum in Long Beach". Long Beach Post. April 18, 2021. Retrieved 2024-01-17.
  10. ^ "Los Angeles Metro 164". Western Railway Museum. Retrieved 2024-01-17.
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