| piccap = "Wuxi" in Simplified (top) and Traditional (bottom) Chinese characters
| piccap = "Wuxi" in [[Simplified Chinese characters|Simplified]] (top) and [[Traditional Chinese characters|Traditional]] (bottom) Chinese characters
| picupright = 0.4
| picupright = 0.45
| t = {{linktext|無錫}}
| t = {{linktext|無錫}}
| s = {{linktext|无锡}}
| s = {{linktext|无锡}}
| p = Wúxī
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'''Wuxi''' ({{zh|s=无锡}}) is a city in southern [[Jiangsu]] province, China. The city borders two other large cities, [[Changzhou]] to the west and [[Suzhou]] to the east, and borders [[Zhejiang Province]] as well in the south. It also covers a coastline of the [[Yangtze River]] in the north and two separate coasts of [[Lake Tai]]. Wuxi is noted for its modern industry and commerce, along with its resorts around Lake Tai.
'''Wuxi''' ({{zh|s=无锡}}, {{respell|WOO|shee}}) is a city in southern [[Jiangsu]], China. As of the [[2020 Chinese census|2020 census]], it had a population of 7,462,135. The city lies in the southern [[Yangtze]] delta and borders [[Lake Tai]]. Notable landmarks include [[Lihu Park]], the Mt. Lingshan Grand Buddha Scenic Area and its {{convert|88|m|adj=on|sp=us}}-tall [[Grand Buddha at Ling Shan]] statue, [[Xihui Park]], Wuxi Zoo, and the [[Wuxi Museum]]. Transportation options include [[Sunan Shuofang International Airport]], [[Wuxi Metro]], [[Shanghai–Nanjing Intercity High-Speed Railway|Shanghai–Nanjing intercity high-speed railway]], and [[Beijing–Shanghai high-speed railway]]. Wuxi is home to [[Jiangnan University]].
==Etymology==
==Etymology==
Wuximeans"withouttin"literally.Despitevariedtales, many modern Chinese scholars favour the view that the word dervived from the "[[Yue (state)#Language|old Yue language]]" or, supposedly, the old [[Kra–Dai languages]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=方言与中国文化|last=Zhou, You|first=Zhenhe, Rujia|publisher=Shanghai People's Publishing House|year=1986|isbn=9787208009653|location=|pages=153–4}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|title=中国历史大辞典·历史地理卷|last=|first=|publisher=Shanghai CishuPress|year=1996|isbn=7-5326-0299-0|volume=|location=|pages=105|language=zh|trans-title=The Great Encyclopaedia of Chinese history, Volume on Historical Geography}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=郑张尚芳语言学论文集|last=Zhengzhang|first=Shangfang|publisher=Zhonghua Book Company|year=2012|isbn=9787101061055|location=|pages=|trans-title=Zhengzhang Shangfang's Symposium on Linguistics|chapter=古吴越地名中的侗台语成分, 古越语地名人名解义}}</ref>
Despite varied origin stories based on the second Chinese character 锡 of the city's name meaning "tin", many modern Chinese scholars favor the view that the word is derived from the "[[old Yue language]]" or, supposedly, the old [[Kra–Dai languages]], rather than reflecting the presence of tin in the area.<ref>{{Cite book |script-title=zh:方言与中国文化|last=Zhou, You|first=Zhenhe, Rujia|publisher=Shanghai People's Publishing House|year=1986|isbn=978-7-208-00965-3|pages=153–4}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|publisher=[[Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House]] |year=1996|isbn=7-5326-0299-0|page=105|language=zh|script-title=zh:中国历史大辞典·历史地理卷|trans-title=The Great Encyclopaedia of Chinese History, Volume on Historical Geography}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |script-title=zh:郑张尚芳语言学论文集|last=Zhengzhang|first=Shangfang|publisher=Zhonghua Book Company|year=2012|isbn=978-7-101-06105-5|trans-title=Zhengzhang Shangfang's Symposium on Linguistics |script-chapter=zh:古吴越地名中的侗台语成分, 古越语地名人名解义}}</ref>
==History==
==History==
Clues are to be found at the Meili Museum and the Helv Relics Museum, Wuxi is the ancient capital of Wu State during the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BCE).<ref>{{cite web |title=Modernity, Chinese Style, and the Wuxi Gene| url=http://en.wuxi.gov.cn/2022-12/08/c_837689.htm|publisher=TIME Magazine|access-date=16 June 2023}}</ref> [[Taibo]] and Zhongyong traveled southeast and settled in Wuxi Meili. There, Taibo and his followers set up the State of [[Wu (state)|Wu]], and made Wuxi as its founding capital which lasted for 600 years. The history of Wuxi can be traced back to [[Shang dynasty]] (1600–1046 BC).<ref name="history">{{cite web|url=http://en.wuxi.gov.cn/a/20130724/364111.shtml|title=History of Wuxi|publisher=Government of Wuxi|access-date=2 September 2019}}</ref>
The tin industry thrived in the area in ancient times but it was eventually depleted, so that when Wuxi was established in 202 BCE during the [[Han dynasty]], it was named "Wuxi" (the capital of WU state). Administratively, Wuxi became a district of Biling (later [[Changzhou]]) and only during the [[Yuan dynasty]] (1206–1368) did it become an independent prefecture.<ref name="EB">{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Wuxi|title=Wuxi|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=2 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190902092607/https://www.britannica.com/place/Wuxi|archive-date=2 September 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> Wuxi and Changzhou are considered to be the birthplaces of modern industrialization in China.<ref name="Shu">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wVC-BAAAQBAJ&q=History+Wuxi&pg=PA66|title=Entrepreneurship in Family Business: Cases from China|author=Shi, Henry X|publisher=Springer|year=2014|pages=65–6|isbn=978-3-319-04304-3}}</ref>
[[Agriculture]] and the silk industry flourished in Wuxi and the town became a transportation hub under the early Tang Dynasty after the opening of [[Grand Canal (China)|the Grand Canal]] in 609. It became known as one of the biggest markets for rice in China.<ref name="EB"/>
=== Pre-Qin and Qin dynasties ===
There is an account about brothers Taibo and Zhongyong among several ones that they made Meicun the state of Wu's capital. The region was variously occupied by the state of Yue, Chu and Qin.
The [[Donglin Academy]], originally founded during the [[Song dynasty]] (960–1279) was restored in Wuxi in 1604. Not a school, it served as a public forum, advocating a Confucian orthodoxy and ethics. Many of its academicians were retired court officials or officials deposed in the 1590s due to [[Political faction|factionalism]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gDqsCQAAQBAJ&q=Donglin+1604+Wuxi&pg=PA686|author=Jones, Derek|title=Censorship: A World Encyclopedia|publisher=Routledge|page=686|year=2001|isbn=978-1-136-79864-1}}</ref>
===Han dynastsy===
Wuxi county was founded in 202 BC originally. It was a part of Kuaiji Commandery during the Western Han, later Wu Commandery.<ref name=":1" /> As a part of Wang Mang's regime, the place name Wuxi was once changed to '''Youxi''' (有錫), meaning "with tin", until his death.
As a populous county, its eastern part was separated and made into Jinkui county in 1724. Both Wuxi and Jinkui were utterly devastated by the [[Taiping Rebellion]], which resulted in nearly 2/3 of their population being killed.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Bell, Lynda S.|title=Explaining China's Rural Crisis: Observations From Wuxi County In The Early Twentieth Century|journal = Republican China|volume = 11|pages = 15–31|publisher=Republican China, Volume 11, Issue 1|year=1985|doi = 10.1080/08932344.1985.11720078|s2cid=130199257 }}</ref> The number of "able-bodied males" (''ding'', {{lang|zh-hant|丁}}) were only 72,053 and 138,008 individuals in 1865, versus 339,549 and 258,934 in 1830.<ref>{{Cite book|script-title=zh:江苏省志・人口志|publisher=Fangzhi Publishing House|isbn=978-7-801-22526-9|pages=58–9 |trans-title=Jiangsu Provincial Gazetteer, Volume on Demography|year=1999}}</ref>
===Six dynasties, Tang and Song dynasties===
The county was dissovled during the Three Kingdoms, but restored in 280. It was annexed by Jinling Commandery , then Changzhou, since the Eastern Jin.<ref name=":1" /> [[Agriculture]] and the silk industry flourished in Wuxi and the town became a transportation center under the early Tang Dynasty after the construction of [[Grand Canal (China)|the Grand Canal]]. Although Suzhou became the center of the Wu area, Wuxi was also important in the county of Wu.
During the [[Qing dynasty]] (1644–1912), cotton and silk production flourished in Wuxi.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YqeyAAAAIAAJ&q=Qing+Wuxi+cotton+silk|title=Journal of Women's History - Volume 11 |publisher=Indiana University Press|page=103|year=1999 }}</ref> Trade increased with the opening of ports to Shanghai in 1842, and [[Zhenjiang]] and [[Nanjing]] in 1858. Wuxi became a center of the textile industry in China. Textile mills were built in 1894 and silk reeling establishments known as "filatures" were built in 1904.<ref name="EB"/> Wuxi has remained the regional center for the waterborne transport of grain. The opening of the railways to Shanghai and to the cities of Zhenjiang and Nanjing to the northwest in 1908 further increased the exports of rice from the area.<ref name="EB"/> Jinkui xian merged into Wuxi County with the onset of the Republic in 1912.<ref name="Mass">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YLNwCgAAQBAJ&q=jinkui+wuxi+1912&pg=PT11|title=Yoritomo and the Founding of the First Bakufu|author=Mass, Jeffrey P.|publisher=Stanford University Press|page=11|isbn=978-0-8047-8010-0|date=January 2000}}</ref>
===Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties===
Many agricultural laborers and merchants moved to [[Shanghai]] in the late 19th century and early 20th century; some prospered in the new factories.<ref name="Shu"/>
{{unreferenced section|date=December 2011}}
After World War II, Wuxi's importance as an economic center diminished, but it remains a regional manufacturing hub. Tourism has increasingly become important.<ref name="EB"/> On April 23, 1949, Wuxi was divided into Wuxi City and Wuxi County, and it became a provincial city in 1953 when [[Jiangsu Province]] was founded. In March 1995, several administrative changes were made within Wuxi City and Wuxi County to accommodate for Wuxi New District, with the creation of 19 administrative villages such as Shuofang, Fangqian, Xin'an and Meicun.<ref name="history"/> [[Jiangnan University]] was originally founded in 1902, before merging with two other colleges in 2001 to form the modern university.<ref name="uni">{{cite web |title=History |url=http://english.jiangnan.edu.cn/ABOUT_JU/History.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190902144130/http://english.jiangnan.edu.cn/ABOUT_JU/History.htm |archive-date=2 September 2019 |access-date=2 September 2019 |publisher=english.jiangnan.edu.cn}}</ref>
[[File:Wuxi Donglin Shuyuan 2015.04.24 16-43-34.jpg|thumb|The front of Donglin Academy|alt=|left]]
{{Wide image|康熙南巡图第七卷局部.jpg|2100px|Qing-era depiction of Wuxi|dir=rtl}}
Donglin Academy, which was restored in Wuxi 1604, is the cradle of [[Donglin movement]].
== Climate ==
During the [[Taiping Rebellion]], Wuxi was devastated by the war's destruction, like other parts of the lower Yangtze valley. Warfare disrupted planting in the region.<ref>{{cite book |script-title=zh:曾国藩（清）：〈江西牙厘请照旧经收折〉，收于《曾文正公全集》 |publisher={{noitalic|{{lang|zh-hans|上海世界书局}}}} |year=1936 <!--奏疏卷20--> |page=534-636 |language=zh-hans}}</ref>
{{Weather box
During the late 19th century, Wuxi became a center of the textile industry in China and one of the four most important rice markets nationwide. By 1878, Wuxi was the leading silk-producing county in Jiangsu, outstripping even Suzhou, the traditional center of that industry. In the late 19th century, Wuxi was also the regional center for the waterborne transport of grain and a major commercial center.
Between 1900 and 1940, Wuxi was considered one of the most important counties in China. In dramatist [[Cao Yu (playwright)|Cao Yu]]'s well-known drama "[[Thunderstorm (play)|''Thunderstorm'']]", Wuxi was mentioned several times with the comment "Wuxi is a good place". After the [[China|People's Republic of China]] was established by the [[Communist Party of China|communists]] in 1949, Wuxi continued to grow in importance, with increases in textile production along with both light and heavy industry. This city was considered the second most important city in Jiangsu Province after the capital [[Nanjing]]. However, its developmental model has been criticized for the environmental deterioration caused. New strategies are now under consideration to ensure its sustainable development.
| collapsed = Y
| Jan high C = 7.8
==Geography==
| Feb high C = 10.2
| Mar high C = 14.9
[[File:Wuxi environs map.png|image|right|400px|thumb|Map showing the city Wuxi (Arrowed ) and its relation to the City of [[Shanghai]], The [[Yangtze]] River and [[Lake Tai]].]]
| Apr high C = 21.0
The city plan, as is typical of many older Chinese cities, is of a central city with a roughly circular plan, crisscrossed with older canals, the main canal still seeing heavy barge traffic.
| May high C = 26.2
| Jun high C = 28.9
Wuxi itself is on an alluvial plain of deep sedimentary deposits cut between [[limestone]] foothills, making it one of the sources for "[[Chinese scholar's rocks|scholar's rocks]]", the intricately weathered stones which were used as devices for [[contemplation]].
| Jul high C = 32.8
| Aug high C = 32.3
===Climate===
| Sep high C = 28.2
Wuxi is hot and humid in summer and chilly and damp in winter, with an average annual temperature of {{convert|18|°C|0|abbr=on}} and very occasional snow. Because of its proximity to the [[East China Sea]], it has a [[monsoon]] season and receives {{convert|100|cm|0|abbr=off}} of rain annually. {{citation needed|date=December 2011}}
| Oct high C = 23.1
| Nov high C = 17.2
{{Weather box|location = Wuxi
| Dec high C = 10.6
|metric first = Y
|singleline = Y
| Jan mean C = 3.9
|JanhighF = 45.3
| Feb mean C = 6.0
|Febhigh C = 9.1
| Mar mean C = 10.2
|Marhigh C = 13.5
| Apr mean C = 16.0
|Aprhigh C = 20.0
| May mean C = 21.4
|Mayhigh C = 25.4
| Jun mean C = 24.9
|Junhigh C = 28.6
| Jul mean C = 28.9
|JulhighF = 89.3
| Aug mean C = 28.3
|Aughigh C = 30.9
| Sep mean C = 24.2
|Sephigh C = 27.0
| Oct mean C = 18.6
|Octhigh C = 21.9
| Nov mean C = 12.6
|Novhigh C = 16.0
| Dec mean C = 6.3
|Dechigh C = 9.9
| Jan low C = 0.9
|yearhigh C = 20.1
| Feb low C = 2.6
|Jan low F = 32.3
| Mar low C = 6.4
|Feb low C = 1.8
| Apr low C = 11.7
|Mar low C = 5.7
| May low C = 17.2
|Apr low C = 11.1
| Jun low C = 21.6
|May low C = 16.5
| Jul low C = 25.7
|Jun low C = 21.3
| Aug low C = 25.3
|Jul low F = 76.8
| Sep low C = 20.9
|Aug low C = 24.0
| Oct low C = 14.9
|Sep low C = 19.6
| Nov low C = 8.9
|Oct low C = 13.4
| Dec low C = 2.9
|Novlow C = 7.3
| Jan record high C = 22.1
|Dec low C = 1.7
| Jan record low C = -12.5
|yearlow C = 12.2
| Feb record high C = 26.8
| Feb record low C = -7.6
|precipitation colour = green
| Mar record high C = 29.1
|Jan precipitation mm = 47.3
| Mar record low C = -3.5
|Feb precipitation mm = 49.7
| Apr record high C = 34.8
|Mar precipitation mm = 82.5
|Apr precipitationmm=62.4
| Apr record low C = 0.7
|May precipitationmm=79.8
| May record high C = 35.3
| May record low C = 8.7
|Jun precipitation mm = 138.5
| Jun record high C = 38.1
|Jul precipitation mm = 121.8
| Jun record low C = 11.6
|Aug precipitation mm = 99.1
|Sepprecipitationmm=53.7
| Jul record high C = 39.7
| Jul record low C = 18.4
|Oct precipitation mm = 41.2
| Aug record high C = 40.3
|Nov precipitation mm = 39.5
| Aug record low C = 18.3
|Dec precipitation mm = 28.1
| Sep record high C = 37.6
|source 1 = MSN Weather<ref name="msn-weather">{{cite web
| source 1 = [[China Meteorological Administration]]<ref name="cma graphical">{{cite web |url=http://data.cma.cn/data/weatherBk.html |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data |publisher=[[China Meteorological Administration]] |language = zh-hans |access-date=25 June 2023}}</ref><ref>
{{cite web|url=https://experience.arcgis.com/template/e724038fda394e9d9b7921f10fd1aa55/page/%E7%BA%AF%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1-(%E5%AF%B9%E6%AF%948110%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96)/?org=UQmaps |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网|publisher=[[China Meteorological Administration]] |language = zh-hans | access-date =25 June 2023 |title=Experience Template }}</ref>all-time extreme temperature<ref name = Mherrera>{{cite web
|url= http://www.mherrera.org/temp.htm
|title= Extreme Temperatures Around the World
|access-date= 2024-10-24
}}</ref><ref name="Wuxi Binhu District People's Government">{{cite web
|url=http://www.wxbh.gov.cn/doc/2019/06/25/2720629.shtml |script-title=zh:滨湖区主要气象水文信息概况|publisher=Wuxi Binhu District People's Government |language = zh-hans | access-date =24 October 2024}}</ref>
| source =
}}
}}
== Administrative divisions ==
=== Environment ===
[[File:Wuxi, China, 1987 (23640069630).jpg|thumb|View of Turtle Head Island in 1987|left]]
Wuxi is a national garden city. In Wuxi, there are 17 wetland parks. Among these parks, Changguangxi Wetland Park ({{zh|labels=no |s=长广溪湿地公园}}) and Lianghong Wetland Park ({{zh|labels=no |s=梁鸿湿地公园}}) are ranked as national wetland parks.
In 2009, Wuxi was honored as the annual 'Global Green City' by the United Nations. In 2013, Wuxi was ranked first in competitiveness among livable cities of the Chinese mainland, which was only after Hong Kong and Macao, in the annual report on China's urban competitiveness published by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.
==Demographics==
According to the [[Sixth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China|2010 Census]], the prefecture-level of Wuxi has a population of 6,372,624, an increase of 1,192,777 from the 2000 census, giving it a population growth of 20.9% for the period 2000-2010.<ref>{{zh icon}} Compilation by LianXin website. [http://www.luqyu.cn/tongjishow.asp?tid=895 Data from the Sixth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China]</ref>
==Administration==
{{See also|List of administrative divisions of Jiangsu}}
The [[prefecture-level city]] of Wuxi administers seven [[county-level division]]s, including 5 [[District of China|districts]] and 2 [[county-level city|county-level cities]]. The information here presented uses the metric system and data from 2010 Census.
The [[prefecture-level city]] of Wuxi administers seven [[county-level division]]s, including 5 [[District of China|districts]] and 2 [[County-level city|county-level cities]]. The information here presented uses the metric system and data from the 2020 Census.
These districts are sub-divided into 73 [[Administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China#Township level|township-level divisions]], including 59 [[town of China|towns]] and 24 [[subdistrict]]s.
These districts are sub-divided into 73 [[Administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China#Township level|township-level divisions]], including 59 [[Town of China|towns]] and 24 [[Subdistricts of China|subdistrict]]s.
[[File:Wuxi Maoxing Mianfenchang Jiuzhi 2015.04.24 12-34-18.jpg|thumb|Wuxi Ethnic Industry and Commerce Museum]]
Wuxi is a regional business hub with a [[Gross Domestic Product|GDP]] per capita of ¥126,000 in 2014, ranking it first in [[Jiangsu]], ahead of [[Nanjing]] and [[Suzhou]].<ref name="english.jschina.com.cn">{{cite web|author=City of Wuxi|url=http://www.wuxi.gov.cn/mlxc/wxgl/jjfz/6538129.shtml |title=【2012】无锡市国民经济和社会发展概况 |date=2013-09-26}}</ref>
Wuxi has a relatively developed economy since ancient times. In 1895, Yang Zonglian and Yang Zonghan founded the first national capital enterprise, Yeqin Cotton Mill, outside the south gate of Wuxi. Subsequently, many enterprises with textile, silk and grain processing industries as the main body were born and developed rapidly. Wuxi became One of the birthplaces of national industry and commerce.<ref name="无锡：攀高逐强，勇当产业进击优等生_新华网江苏频道">{{Cite web |title=无锡：攀高逐强，勇当产业进击"优等生"_新华网江苏频道 |url=http://www.js.xinhuanet.com/20230922/33698da2710c4071bfdd7743f2e29fc0/c.html |access-date=2023-09-26 |website=www.js.xinhuanet.com}}</ref> During this process, many "firsts" and "most" in the history of Wuxi's modern industrial development were born; batches of industrial and commercial giants including the Rong family and the Tang family were born, and it also demonstrated the entrepreneurship of Wuxi's national industrial and commercial entrepreneurs.<ref name="无锡：攀高逐强，勇当产业进击优等生_新华网江苏频道"/> After the reform and opening up, private enterprises in Wuxi developed vigorously on the basis of the southern Jiangsu model represented by township industries. Well-known
companies such as "Technology" all transformed during this period. And since July 1993, Taiji Industry was the first private enterprise listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange as a listed company in Jiangsu Province. Over the years, the scale of listed companies from Wuxi has gradually expanded, forming a relatively unique "Wuxi plate", ranking first in Jiangsu Province. First, it plays an increasingly important role in the economic development of the entire Yangtze River Delta.<ref name="无锡：攀高逐强，勇当产业进击优等生_新华网江苏频道"/>
After the reform and opening up, Wuxi has gradually become an important economic center in the east and a very dynamic commercial city with the opportunity brought by the Southern Jiangsu model.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2022年1-12月份无锡市国民经济运行情况简析 |url=https://www.wuxi.gov.cn/doc/2023/01/31/3872731.shtml |access-date=2023-09-26 |website=www.wuxi.gov.cn}}</ref> At the end of 2013, Wuxi became one of China's "new first-tier cities" selected by "First Financial Weekly" due to its stable comprehensive strength; at the same time, "2013 Best Commercial Cities in Mainland China" released by the Chinese version of "Forbes" Among them, Wuxi ranks fifth, ranking first among prefecture-level cities.<ref name="无锡：攀高逐强，勇当产业进击优等生_新华网江苏频道"/>
[[File:2020-3 无锡市民中心 南侧 金融街.jpg|alt=financial center（under construction）|thumb|Lake Tai New City（under construction）]]
In 2022, Wuxi's economic aggregate will hit a new high, and its comprehensive strength will continue to increase. According to preliminary calculations, the annual GDP of Wuxi will be 1,485.082 billion yuan, an increase of 3.0% over the previous year at comparable prices. The per capita GDP in terms of resident population reached 198,400 yuan, ranking second in the country.<ref name="无锡：攀高逐强，勇当产业进击优等生_新华网江苏频道"/>
In terms of industry, the added value of the city's primary industry was 13.365 billion yuan, an increase of 1.1% over the previous year; the added value of the secondary industry was 717.739 billion yuan, an increase of 3.6% over the previous year; The growth rate of the previous year was 2.4%; the ratio of the three industries was adjusted to 0.9 : 48.3 : 50.8.<ref name="希有西柚">{{Cite web |last=希有西柚 |title=无锡：中国GDP第二高的地级市，经济发展的典范 |url=http://www.bilibili.com/read/cv24971807 |access-date=2023-09-26 |website=www.bilibili.com}}</ref>
The city has a rapidly developing skyline with the opening of three [[supertall skyscraper]]s ({{convert|300|m|ft|disp=or|abbr=off}}) in 2014. These buildings are the [[Wuxi IFS]], [[Wuxi Suning Plaza 1]], and [[Wuxi Maoye City - Marriott Hotel]]. There are 7 other skyscrapers between {{convert|200|and|300|m|ft|abbr=off}} tall including the [[Yunfu Mansion]].
A total of 158,100 new jobs were created in cities and towns throughout the year, of which 77,200 laid-off and unemployed people in various cities and towns were reemployed, and 31,200 people who had difficulties in finding jobs were reemployed. The city's urban registered unemployment rate was 2.68%.
===Manufacturing zones===
The added value of the private economy in the whole year was 983.124 billion yuan, an increase of 3.3% over the previous year, accounting for 66.2% of the total economic output, an increase of 0.2 percentage points over the previous year.<ref name="希有西柚"/> The output value of privately-owned industries above designated size was 1,426.928 billion yuan, an increase of 12.8% over the previous year. Private investment was 240.341 billion yuan, down 3.6% from the previous year.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2022年无锡市国民经济和社会发展统计公报-无锡市人民政府外事办公室 |url=https://fao.wuxi.gov.cn/doc/2023/05/05/3947877.shtml?eqid=a0fd31910018cc0d0000000464700f22 |access-date=2023-09-26 |website=fao.wuxi.gov.cn}}</ref>
The city has extensive manufacturing including large industrial parks devoted to new industries. Historically a center of textile [[manufacturing]], the city has adopted new industries such as [[electric motor]] manufacturing, MRP [[software development]], and solar technology. Two major photovoltaic companies, [[Suntech Power]] and [[Jetion Holdings Ltd]], are based in Wuxi, making the city a hub for solar technology in China. Bicycle manufacturing for international brands is another industry, including bicycle assembly and bicycle component manufacturing. One of the two Chinese factories of Taiwan-based [[Bicycle brake|brake]] manufacturer Tektro is in Wuxi. Hynix completed a new chip plant in Wuxi.<ref>[http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/techscience/2010/06/17/0601000000AEN20100617004651320.HTML][[Hynix]] completes new chip plant in China</ref>
At the end of the year, 423,300 enterprises of various types were registered by the registration authorities at all levels in the city, including 36,000 state-owned and collective holding companies, 7,000 foreign-invested enterprises, and 380,400 private enterprises. At the end of the year, there were 660,900 self-employed households, and 80,800 newly registered households that year.<ref>{{Cite web |title=无锡：现代化经济发达的繁荣之城 |url=https://www.wuxi.gov.cn/doc/2023/07/01/4003875.shtml |access-date=2023-09-26 |website=www.wuxi.gov.cn}}</ref>
;Wuxi New District
Since it was established in 1992, [[Wuxi New District]] (WND) has evolved to be one of the major industrial parks in China. A wide variety of components, sub-systems and original equipments are made in WND. Approximately 1200 enterprises have been registered in WND by the end of 2008. Wuxi New District provides strong support for international manufacturing operations. The Zone focuses on formation of the five pillar industries of electronic information, precision machinery and mechanical and electrical integration, bio-pharmaceuticals, fine chemicals and new materials.<ref>[http://rightsite.asia/en/industrial-zone/wuxi-hi-tech-industrial-development-zone/ RightSite.asia | Wuxi New District]</ref>
The annual urban consumer price index (CPI) rose by 2.1%, an increase of 0.4 percentage points over the previous year. Among them, the price of service items increased by 1.0%, and the price of consumer goods increased by 2.9%. The increase in the price of industrial production was stable. The ex-factory price of industrial producers rose by 1.7% and the purchasing price of industrial producers rose by 3.9%.
;Wuxi Export Processing Zone
Since it was established in 1992, [[Wuxi New Area|Wuxi New District]] (WND), covering an area of {{convert|220|km2|sp=us}}, has evolved to be one of the major industrial parks in China. In 2013, it had a GDP of 121.3 billion yuan ($19.54 billion), and an industrial output value of 276.7 billion yuan, accounting for 15% of production in the Wuxi area.The district includes the Wuxi Hi-tech Industrial Development Zone, Wuxi (Taihu) International Technology Park, Wuxi Airport Industrial Park, China (Wuxi) Industrial Expo Park, [[China Wu Culture Expo Park]], and International Education and Living Community.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/m/jiangsu/wuxinewdistrict/2018-06/05/content_18807750.htm|title=Wuxi New District|newspaper=China Daily|date=5 June 2018|access-date=2 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190902130551/http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/m/jiangsu/wuxinewdistrict/2018-06/05/content_18807750.htm|archive-date=2 September 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
Established in 1992, Wuxi Export Processing Zone is located in Wuxi New District with a planned area of 2.98 km<sup>2</sup>. The encouraged industries include electronic information, optical-mechanical-electronic-integration, precision machinery, and new materials. It is situated near to [[Wuxi Airport]] and Changzhou Port.<ref>[http://rightsite.asia/en/industrial-zone/wuxi-export-processing-zone/ RightSite.asia | Wuxi Export Processing Zone]</ref>
Hotels in Wuxi include Wuxi Maoye City – Marriott Hotel, [[Hilton Hotel]]'s Wuxi-Lingshan Double Tree Resort near the Lingshan Giant Buddha, [[Kempinski]] Hotel Wuxi, Landison Square Hotel Wuxi, noted for its Wu jade phoenix sculpture in the lobby, [[Radisson Blu]] Resort Wetland Park Wuxi, [[Sheraton Hotels and Resorts|Sheraton]] Wuxi Binhu Hotel, the Wuxi Grand Hotel, and Wuxi Hubin Hotel and many other hotels.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/m/jiangsu/wuxi/accommodation.html|title=Accommodatations|newspaper=China Daily|access-date=2 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191012180755/http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/m/jiangsu/wuxi/accommodation.html|archive-date=12 October 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
In 2022, Wuxi's GDP will reach 1,485.082 billion yuan, an increase of 3.0% over the previous year based on comparable prices; calculated based on the permanent population, the per capita GDP will reach 198,400 yuan; the city's annual general public budget revenue will be 113.338 billion yuan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=无锡发展经济的现状 - 文稿网 |url=https://w.zujuanshi.com/shiyongwendang/zonghewendang/zongheshiyongwendang/78038.html |access-date=2023-09-26 |website=w.zujuanshi.com}}</ref>
==Culture and sports==
As an important city for the "Wu" area, Wuxi is one of the art and cultural centers of "Jiangnan". Its culture bears distinctive characteristics, which can be identified in its dialect, architecture, waterway transportation and various art types. {{citation needed|date=April 2012}}
===Arts===
== Business ==
[[File:无锡恒隆广场.jpg|left|thumb|Center 66]]
One of the handicraft specialties of Wuxi is the production of Huishan [[A'Fu|clay figurines]]. {{citation needed|date=April 2012}} and clay tea pots.
As an important commercial center in East China, it has always been famous for its unique geographical location and historical background. Wuxi's commercial development has a long and prosperous history, and it has played a vital role in the local economic and social development.<ref>{{Cite web |title=锡商，一"迈"千年！_腾讯新闻 |url=https://new.qq.com/rain/a/20230520A017LT00 |access-date=2023-09-26 |website=new.qq.com}}</ref>
The earliest commercial development in Wuxi can be traced back to the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, when commercial activities were already carried out here. With the evolution of history, Wuxi has gradually become a transportation hub and commercial center in the Jiangnan area.<ref name="无锡商业总体概况介绍">{{Cite book |url=https://www.docin.com/p-48599510.html |title=无锡商业总体概况介绍 |language=zh-cn}}</ref> Wuxi is located on the shore of Taihu Lake and has convenient transportation. It has been a distribution center for silk, tea, rice and other commodities since ancient times. Today, Wuxi Commerce has developed into a diversified economic system dominated by service industries and high-tech industries.<ref name="无锡商业总体概况介绍"/>
Several famous Chinese authors claiming Wuxi as their [[Ancestral home (China)|home town]]. Among them, most recently, [[Qian Zhongshu]], author of ''[[Fortress Besieged]]'', a comedy of manners set in China in the 1930s. Wuxi was the birthplace of the famous Chinese (later American) artist [[Chen Chi]] (1912—2005), in whose honor a museum has been erected in the city.
There are many characteristics and advantages of Wuxi business. First of all, its geographical location is superior, located in the center of the Yangtze River Delta, and the transportation is convenient, which is conducive to the circulation of commodities. Secondly, Wuxi has rich natural resources and cultural heritage, which provides unique conditions for commercial development.<ref name="maigoo.com">{{Cite web |title=无锡十大商业街 无锡市购物步行街哪个好 无锡逛街的地方有哪些→MAIGOO生活榜 |url=https://www.maigoo.com/top/430453.html |access-date=2023-09-26 |website=www.maigoo.com}}</ref> In addition, the Wuxi municipal government has been committed to optimizing the business environment, attracting many domestic and foreign investors and entrepreneurs to invest and start businesses.<ref name="maigoo.com"/>
In modern times Wuxi has produced a number of cultural figures such as [[Hua Yanjun]] (1893–1950) also known as "Blind [[Abing]]" (瞎子阿炳), famous for his [[erhu]] and [[pipa]] music. Another famous musician is [[Liu Tianhua]], who was the first to compile folk music using staff.
[[File:无锡中山路 1.jpg|left|thumb|Great Oriental Department Store]]
Now Wuxi is a regional business hub, with extensive manufacturing and large industrial parks devoted to new industries. Historically a center of textile [[manufacturing]],<ref name="EB" /> the city has adopted new industries such as [[electric motor]] manufacturing,<ref>{{cite web |title=WUXI HUADA MOTORS CO., LTD. |url=http://www.cccme.org.cn/shop/cccme2786/index.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190902121112/http://www.cccme.org.cn/shop/cccme2786/index.aspx |archive-date=2 September 2019 |access-date=2 September 2019 |publisher=CCCME}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=About Us |url=http://www.hongtaimotor.com/enindex.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190902121602/http://www.hongtaimotor.com/enindex.htm |archive-date=2 September 2019 |access-date=2 September 2019 |publisher=Wuxi Hongtai Motor Co.}}</ref> MRP [[software development]], bicycle and brake manufacturing, and solar technology, with two major photovoltaic companies, [[Suntech Power]]<ref>{{cite web |title=About Us |url=http://www.suntech-power.com/aboutUs.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190902123640/http://www.suntech-power.com/aboutUs.html |archive-date=2 September 2019 |access-date=2 September 2019 |publisher=Suntech Power}}</ref> and [[Jetion Holdings Ltd]], based in Wuxi. [[Wuxi Pharma Tech]], a major pharmaceutical company, is based in Wuxi.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ikqPrLXIBMIC&q=Wuxi+Jetion+Holdings&pg=PT44 |title=The Globalization of Chinese Companies: Strategies for Conquering .. |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |year=2011 |isbn=978-0-470-82881-6 |page=44 |author=Arthur Yeung |author2=Katherine Xin |author3=Waldemar Pfoertsch }}</ref> The city has a rapidly developing skyline with the opening of three [[supertall skyscraper]]s in 2014: [[Wuxi IFS]] ({{convert|339|m|sp=us}}<ref>{{cite web |title=The Wharf Times Square 1 |url=http://www.skyscrapercenter.com/wuxi/the-wharf-times-square-1/356/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190902090235/http://www.skyscrapercenter.com/wuxi/the-wharf-times-square-1/356/ |archive-date=2 September 2019 |access-date=2 September 2019 |publisher=CTBUH Skyscraper Center}}</ref>), [[Wuxi Suning Plaza 1]] ({{convert|328|m|sp=us}}<ref>{{cite web |title=Wuxi Suning Plaza 1 |url=http://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/wuxi-suning-plaza-1/8701 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190519111438/http://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/wuxi-suning-plaza-1/8701 |archive-date=19 May 2019 |access-date=2 September 2019 |publisher=CTBUH Skyscraper Center}}</ref>) and [[Wuxi Maoye City - Marriott Hotel]] ({{convert|303.8|m|sp=us}}<ref>{{cite web |title=Wuxi Maoye City - Marriott Hotel |url=http://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/wuxi-maoye-city-marriott-hotel/5287 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181019222032/http://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/wuxi-maoye-city-marriott-hotel/5287 |archive-date=19 October 2018 |access-date=2 September 2019 |publisher=CTBUH Skyscraper Center}}</ref>).
Wuxi's commercial area is concentrated along Zhongshan Road in Liangxi District. On this road, Maoye Department Store, Hongdou Wanhua City, Great Oriental Department Store, Suning Plaza, Center 66, Yaohan, Parkson and other Chinese and foreign commercial retail enterprises gather. Chong'an Temple, Nanchan Temple, and Nanchang Street are three traditional commercial bazaars. Among them, Chong'an Temple Block is as famous as Shanghai Town God's Temple, Nanjing Confucius Temple, and Suzhou Xuanmiao Temple, which are also formed by temple bazaars.
[[File:201906 Suning, Parkson and BOC Tower Wuxi.jpg|left|thumb|Sanyang Plaza]]
[[File:太湖广场.jpg|thumb|Taihu Square]]
Since the establishment of Yaohan, the first Sino-foreign joint venture retail enterprise in Jiangsu Province in 1996, and the establishment of Metro, China's second foreign-funded hypermarket, in Wuxi in 1997, the concentration of foreign-funded commercial retail in Wuxi is second only to Shanghai in the Yangtze River Delta region. Today, it includes Center 66, Great Orient Department Store, Wuxi Yaohan, IKEA Gathering, Yaohan Center, Bailian Outlets, Apple Direct Store, Mixc City, Coastal City, Maoye Department Store, a large number of Wanda Plazas and Rong Commercial retail benchmarking enterprises such as Chuangmao and Outlets Chuanzhisha still maintain their uniqueness in Jiangsu Province or in the Yangtze River Delta region, thus establishing Wuxi as one of the most important commercial center cities in Jiangsu Province and even in the Yangtze River Delta region
[[File:无锡机场-nosign.jpg|thumb|[[Sunan Shuofang International Airport]]]]
[[File:Wuxi Metro Line 1 train.jpg|alt=Wuxi Metro|thumb|Wuxi Metro]]
Wuxi is a major tourist area of the Lower [[Yangtze River Delta|Yangtze Delta]]. It has natural and man-made places of interest.
* [[Wuxi railway station|Wuxi]] Railway Station is situated on the [[Shanghai–Nanjing Intercity High-Speed Railway]], a {{convert|301|km|sp=us}} railway which opened on July 1, 2010, linking it directly with the provincial capital of Nanjing, Shanghai and Suzhou.<ref>{{cite web |title=Shanghai to Nanjing Intercity High Speed Train |url=https://www.travelchinaguide.com/china-trains/high-speed/shanghai-nanjing.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190902132322/https://www.travelchinaguide.com/china-trains/high-speed/shanghai-nanjing.htm |archive-date=2 September 2019 |access-date=2 September 2019 |publisher=Travel China Guide}}</ref>
The city was built on the shore of [[Lake Tai]] with the lake providing a rich tourism resource. Noted spots include [[Yuantouzhu]] (the Islet of Turtlehead) and [[Taihu Xiandao]] (Islands of the Deities). Passengers can enjoy the scenery of Lake Tai and the city center on a {{Convert|115|m|ft|adj=on}} tall [[Ferris wheel#Star of Lake Tai|Ferris wheel]] that takes 18 minutes to complete one revolution. At night, lighting effects are switched on around the wheel.<ref name="startai">{{cite web|url=http://travel.synyan.net/2008/%e6%a2%81%e6%ba%aa%e6%bc%ab%e5%bf%9707%e8%a0%a1%e6%b9%96%e5%9f%8e%e5%a4%aa%e6%b9%96%e4%b9%8b%e6%98%9f/ |script-title=zh:梁溪漫志(07)：蠡湖城太湖之星 |accessdate=2012-04-25 |author=synyan |date=2008-10-19 |language=zh }}</ref>
* Wuxi Metro is an urban rail transit system serving Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, China. Its first line, Wuxi Metro Line 1, was officially opened for operation on July 1, 2014, making Wuxi the 22nd metropolitan area in mainland China. It is the third city in Jiangsu Province to open rail transit.As of January 2024, there are 5 Wuxi Metro operating lines, namely Wuxi Metro Line 1, Wuxi Metro Line 2, Wuxi Metro Line 3 Phase I, Wuxi Metro Line 4 Phase I, Wuxi Metro Line S1, They are all subway lines with an operating mileage of 145 kilometers and a total of 97 stations.As of January 2024, there are 4 lines under construction in Wuxi Metro, namely Wuxi Metro Line 4 Phase II, Wuxi Metro Line 5 Phase I, Wuxi Metro Line 6 Phase I, and Wuxi Metro Line S2, with a total of about 120 km.On January 21, 2024, the daily passenger flow of the Wuxi subway network reached a record high of 1.3 million passengers.<ref>{{cite web |title=Wuxi Subway |url=https://www.travelchinaguide.com/cityguides/jiangsu/wuxi/subway/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190902132631/https://www.travelchinaguide.com/cityguides/jiangsu/wuxi/subway/ |archive-date=2 September 2019 |access-date=2 September 2019 |publisher=Travel China Guide}}</ref>On February 16, 2024, the Wuxi subway network carried 1.4112 million passengers, a record high.<ref>{{Cite web |title=昨天，又创新高了！_澎湃号·政务_澎湃新闻-The Paper |url=https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_26374284 |access-date=2024-02-20 |website=www.thepaper.cn}}</ref>
* Wuxi Public Transport refers to the urban road public transportation system serving Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, China. Its first line was opened in 1927. As of 2020, Wuxi Public Transport has 297 bus lines with a length of 5,760 kilometers and 3,036 operating vehicles. In 2020, the annual passenger volume of Wuxi buses will be 191.18 million.
* [[Sunan Shuofang International Airport]], situated {{Convert|14|km|mi|sp=us}} from the city center, opened in 2004, and has direct flights to [[Beijing]], [[Guangzhou]], [[Shenzhen]], [[Hong Kong]], [[Taipei]], [[Singapore]], and [[Osaka]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Wuxi Sunan Shuofang International Airport |url=https://www.travelchinaguide.com/cityguides/jiangsu/wuxi/airport.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190902132618/https://www.travelchinaguide.com/cityguides/jiangsu/wuxi/airport.htm |archive-date=2 September 2019 |access-date=2 September 2019 |publisher=Travel China Guide}}</ref>
[[File:无锡站北广场 2.jpg|thumb|[[Wuxi railway station|Wuxi]] Railway Station ]]
* Wuxi lies along [[China National Highway 312]] which connects Shanghai to central and northwestern China. The {{convert|274|km|sp=us}} [[Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway]] (G42), which opened in November 1996, connecting it to Shanghai, [[Suzhou]], [[Changzhou]], [[Zhenjiang]] and other cities in Jiangsu province.<ref>{{cite news |date=10 October 2009 |title=Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway expands with new exit |newspaper=China Daily |url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/m/huaqiao/2009-10/10/content_8776758.htm |url-status=live |access-date=2 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190902141347/http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/m/huaqiao/2009-10/10/content_8776758.htm |archive-date=2 September 2019}}</ref> The {{convert|62.3|km|sp=us}} [[Wuxi-Yixing Expressway]] connects Wuxi with [[Yixing]] within the regional prefecture-level area.<ref>{{cite web |title=Wuxi-Yixing Expressway, China |url=http://www.hpdi.com.cn/Eng/FM/NewsShowNew.aspx?RID=95E497CD18742679&PID=E38795D34DE9F22A |access-date=2 September 2019 |publisher=CCCC Highway Consultants Co. Ltd.}}</ref>
Literally "Tin Mountain" and "Kindhearted Mountain", [[Xishan Hill|Mount Xi]] and [[Huishan|Mount Hui]] are two small hills in the western part of the city. The classic royal ''Ji-chang-yuan'' Gardens are at the foot of the hill as well as the ''Tianxia di er quan'' (天下第二泉), literally "the second spring under heaven").
* [[File:Jiangyin Yangtze River bridge-2.jpeg|alt=Jiangyin|thumb|Jiangyin]] Wuxi Jiangyin Port has 12 berths, mainly distributed in Shenxia Port Area, all of which have passed the open acceptance for foreign ships, with a total area of 1.5 million square meters, which are operated by Dagang Branch and Dacheng Branch respectively. Dagang Branch has a yard area of 710,000 square meters, and has two large warehouses with an area of 12,000 square meters each, each equipped with two 20-ton cranes. There are 10 dock berths, and the front of the dock maintains a water depth of -15 meters all year round. Among them, there are two 50,000-ton and 100,000-ton ocean-going berths, and one 2,000-ton sea-going berth, equipped with 9 gantry cranes with a lifting capacity of 40T, which can complete the cargo of arriving ships below 100,000 tons Unloading and transfer operations. There are also four 5,000-ton inland berths with a total length of 536 meters, equipped with multiple portal cranes and loading belt conveyors for port dredging. The port area is equipped with 7 120-150 ton truck scales and 2 gantry cranes. The warehouse has a maximum storage capacity of 3 million tons. It is mainly responsible for the unloading, storage and transfer of metal ore, coal and some general cargo. In order to meet the needs of customers, Dagang Branch also has ore screening and crushing equipment. After crushing, it can be directly conveyed to the vibrating screen for screening by the belt conveyor. The screen aperture can be adjusted according to the needs of different customers, and the production and processing can form lump ore and fine ore, with an annual output of 800,000-1 million tons. Dagang Branch has also launched three-condition general cargo liner routes from Jiangyin to the Middle East, Thailand and South Korea. Dacheng Branch was completed and put into operation in 2015.
* Wuxi Public Transport refers to the urban road public transportation system serving Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, China. Its first line was opened in 1927. As of 2020, Wuxi Public Transport has 297 bus lines with a length of 5,760 kilometers and 3,036 operating vehicles. In 2020, the annual passenger volume of Wuxi public transport will be 191.18 million passenger.
==Education and research==
[[File:Jichang Royal Garden.jpg|thumb|left|[[Jichang Garden]]]]
Wuxi is also a major city among the top 200 [[List of cities by scientific output|cities]] in the world by scientific research outputs, as tracked by the [[Nature Index]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Leading 200 science cities 2023{{!}} {{!}} Supplements {{!}} Nature Index |url=https://www.nature.com/nature-index/supplements/nature-index-2023-science-cities/tables/overall |access-date=2024-01-20 |website=www.nature.com}}</ref>
=== University ===
The [[Grand Canal (China)|Grand Canal]] passes through the city. There are two canals: one is the old one that has been there since it was excavated, the other is the new canal created after 1949.
* [[File:江南大学 - panoramio.jpg|thumb|[[Jiangnan University]]]][[Jiangnan University]]: a [[Key national universities|key national university]] of "[[Project 211]]" and center for scientific research, which was originally founded in 1902 and established in 1958 as the Wuxi Institute of Light Industry. In 2001 it was reconstituted by the Ministry of Education with the merger of two other colleges to formally establish Jiangnan University.<ref name="uni" /> The [[Taihu University of Wuxi]], beside Huishan National Forest Park is a private university and one of the largest in China, covering over 2,000 acres with over 20,000 teachers and students and more than 20 different faculties.<ref>{{cite news |title=Taihu University of Wuxi |newspaper=China Daily |url=http://subsites.chinadaily.com.cn/regional/wuxi/2018-04/28/c_223764.htm |url-status=live |access-date=2 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190902145713/http://subsites.chinadaily.com.cn/regional/wuxi/2018-04/28/c_223764.htm |archive-date=2 September 2019}}</ref>
Wuxi has many private gardens or parks built by learned scholars and rich people in the past. Among these, Li Yuan, Mei Yuan are good examples that have been well preserved. Xihui Gongyuan ([[Xihui Park]]),at the foot of Xi Shan also houses historical relics, notably [[Jichang Garden]]. [[Lihu Park]] is another popular park, owing it popularity to legends that [[Fan Li]] and [[Xi Shi]] boated here. [[Zhaosi Hall|Fragrant Cedar Pavilion]] ({{zh|c=香楠厅|p=Xiāngnán tīng}}) is a protected site, which was dedicated in the [[Ming dynasty]] to [[Consort Duan]] by her father after her execution for involvement in an [[Renyin palace rebellion|assassination attempt]] against the [[Jiajing Emperor]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.chinanews.com/cul/2013/07-13/5037979.shtml | title=无锡曹端妃无字牌坊穿越470年 系真实版"甄嬛传" | trans-title=Consort Duan's blank memorial in Wuxi extends back over 470 years. This is the true "[[Empresses in the Palace]]" | language=Chinese | last=Gu 谷 | first=Yuefei 岳飞 | website=China News | date=13 July 2013 | access-date=27 June 2017}}</ref>
* {{ill|Wuxi University|zh|无锡学院}}: Wuxi University, located in Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, is a public general undergraduate university approved by the Ministry of Education, managed by the People's Government of Jiangsu Province, organized by the People's Government of Wuxi City, and supported by Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology.
* DongNan University Wuxi Campus: Founded in April 1988, formerly known as Southeast University Wuxi Campus, it is one of the first batch of key university branches approved by the former State Education Commission, and it is the first to explore the cultivation mode of outstanding engineers in my country.
* [[Wuxi Institute of Technology]]
* Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Wuxi Campus
* Nanjing University of Science and Technology Jiangyin Campus
* Wuxi Higher Normal School: Founded in 1911, it was formerly known as the Jiangsu Provincial Third Normal School. Famous scholars such as [[Qian Songyan]], Wu Guanzhong, and Chen Shouzhu are all alumni of the school.
* Peking University School of Software and Microelectronics: Established in March 2002, it is a school directly affiliated to Peking University.
* In addition, there are scientific research bases in Wuxi such as the Supercomputing Center, 702 Research Institute, and Microelectronics Research Institute, as well as Wuxi Research Institute of Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Wuxi Research Institute of Fudan University, Wuxi Research Institute of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and Wuxi Research Institute of Huazhong University of Science and Technology. and many other university research institutes.
* In terms of junior college education, Wuxi has Wuxi Vocational and Technical College, Wuxi Nanyang Vocational and Technical College, Jiangsu Information Vocational and Technical College, Wuxi Science and Technology Vocational College, Wuxi Business Vocational and Technical College, Wuxi Technology Vocational and Technical College, Wuxi City Vocational and Technical College, etc. A junior college with a good employment rate.
== Medical ==
[[File:Holy Altar in Brahma Palace.jpg|thumb|right|The dome made of lights of the Holy Altar in Brahma Palace, near the [[Grand Buddha at Ling Shan]]]]
Wuxi's Mashan Town was built during 16th–19th century A.D.. The town is in the northwest part of Wuxi on the west bank of the Grand Canal and at the foot of Mount Hui. The town's buildings are mainly family [[ancestral hall]]s.{{Citation needed|date=December 2011}} South of the [[Long Mountain (China)|Long Mountain]], near the town, is the {{Convert|88|m|ft}} tall [[Grand Buddha at Ling Shan]], one of the largest Buddha statues in China and the ninth tallest statue worldwide.
Wuxi has a long history of medicine, especially in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Since the Ming Dynasty, famous doctors such as You Zhongren, Shi Zhongmo, Deng Xingbo, Ke Huaizu, Xue Fuchen, etc. have either worked in the imperial hospital, or been ordered to diagnose and treat the royal family. Among them, Tan Yunxian and Xu Lushi are rare female doctors in ancient China. As for the modern medical institutions in Wuxi, it began in 1908 when Li Kele, a missionary of the American Episcopal Church and a doctor of medicine, founded the Puren Hospital, which is now the Second People's Hospital of Wuxi.
At present, Wuxi has one medical school (Medical College Affiliated to Jiangnan University), ten municipal hospitals, and 210 hospitals, including fourteen tertiary hospitals
In the western part of Wuxi, the district is classified as a [[AAAAA scenic area]] by the [[China National Tourism Administration]] and consists of Wuxi Three State City Park, Tang City, and Shuihu City. Established in 1987, it was the first film studio in China. [[CCTV Wuxi Film/TV Studio]] used the studio for the shooting of ''The Three Kingdoms'' and ''Water Margins''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.cnta.gov.cn/html/2008-11/2008-11-16-10-27-72978.html|date=16 November 2008|title=AAAAA Scenic Areas|work=[[China National Tourism Administration]]|accessdate=9 April 2011|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140404043021/http://en.cnta.gov.cn/html/2008-11/2008-11-16-10-27-72978.html|archivedate=4 April 2014|df=}}</ref>
* Wuxi No. 1 People's Hospital
In Yixing (part of Wuxi), Shan Juan Cave is a four-star scenic zone. The folktale figures of [[Butterfly Lovers|Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai]] were said to study behind the cave.
* Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital (North and South Campus)[[File:无锡市第二人民医院.jpg|thumb|Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital]]
* Jiangnan University Affiliated Hospital (formerly No. 3 Hospital and No. 4 Hospital, currently North and South Branches)
* Jiangyin Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine
* Yixing People's Hospital
* Yixing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine
among which Wuxi People's Hospital released the "2013 China Ranked twelfth in the "Top 100 Competitiveness List of Prefectural-level City Hospitals".
Other historical places include the former residence of Xue Fucheng, former residence of A Bin, former residence of Xu Xiake, site of Luotuo Dun, Taibo Temple and Tomb, and Donglin Shuyuan.
===Sports===
==Sports==
[[Wuxi Sports Center]] opened in October 1994 and has a capacity of 30,000.<ref>{{cite web |title=Wuxi Sports Center |url=https://www.emporis.com/buildings/1264239/wuxi-sports-center-wuxi-china |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190902160009/https://www.emporis.com/buildings/1264239/wuxi-sports-center-wuxi-china |archive-date=2 September 2019 |access-date=2 September 2019 |publisher=Emporis}}</ref> It hosts the Wuxi Classic, a snooker event which attracted the biggest names in snooker. [[Wuxi City Sports Park Stadium]] hosted the 2017 ITTF Asian-Championships (Ping Pong),<ref>{{Cite web |title=Seamaster 2017 ITTF-Asian Championships - Tournaments |url=https://www.ittf.com/tournament/2773/seamaster-2017-ittf-asian-championships/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190624134633/https://www.ittf.com/tournament/2773/seamaster-2017-ittf-asian-championships/ |archive-date=24 June 2019 |access-date=24 June 2019 |website=International Table Tennis Federation}}</ref> and the [[2019 World Cup (snooker)|2019 World Cup]] in snooker in June 2019.<ref>{{cite web |title=Beverly World Cup |url=http://www.snooker.org/res/index.asp?event=851 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190723071045/http://www.snooker.org/res/index.asp?event=851 |archive-date=23 July 2019 |access-date=2 September 2019 |publisher=Snooker.org}}</ref> [[Major League Baseball]] based its main Chinese recruitment center in Wuxi since 2009 in Wuxi Development Center at Dongbeitang High School. There Major League Baseball scouts recruit the best players in China in the hopes that they will eventually play professional baseball in America.<ref>{{cite web |date=24 May 2018 |title=#TBT: Where China Raises Their Future MLB Superstars |url=https://www.thatsmags.com/shanghai/post/16234/tbt-baseball-gets-em-young_1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190902165638/https://www.thatsmags.com/shanghai/post/16234/tbt-baseball-gets-em-young_1 |archive-date=2 September 2019 |access-date=2 September 2019 |publisher=That's Mags}}</ref>
{{Unreferenced section|date=April 2017}}
[[File:Wuxi New Stadium - Football.JPG|thumb|Wuxi football stadium]]
Wuxi has two stadiums. The old stadium is in the southern part of the city and has yet to reopen. The other is Wuxi New Stadium, which consists of a swimming stadium, soccer stadium and other facilities. It is located in the south-west part of the city, near Lake Tai.
Major League Baseball has also had its main Chinese Development Center in Wuxi since 2008. At the Development Center, Major League Baseball scouts and recruits the best players in China to play at the DC in the hopes that they will eventually play professional baseball in America.
In 2022, The Wuxi Olympic Sports Center project has a total land area of about 56.7 hectares, a total construction area of about 467,000 square meters, and a total investment of about 6.9 billion yuan. It is planned to have a stadium with 60,000 seats, a gymnasium with 18,000 seats, a swimming pool with 2,000 seats and a national fitness center, and it will be constructed in accordance with the standards of a Grade A stadium. After completion, it can host large-scale comprehensive sports events across the country. In addition to "one venue, two halls", a 70,000-square-meter cultural, commercial, sports and tourism complex including commercial and hotel facilities will also be built. Through strengthening planning and operation, multiple "first competitions" and "first exhibitions" will be introduced in the future. Premiere" and other activities, and strive to build Wuxi Olympic Sports Center into a modern large-scale sports complex with various projects, rich formats and complete functions.
==Transport==
===Railways===
==Landmarks==
[[File:灵山大佛 - panoramio (1).jpg|thumb| [[Grand Buddha at Ling Shan]]]]
Wuxi is situated on the [[Shanghai–Nanjing Intercity High-Speed Railway]], linking it directly with the provincial capital of Nanjing (1.5 hours), China's economic hub, [[Shanghai]] (45 minutes) and major economic hub and tourist destination Suzhou (24 minutes).
[[File:Jade Phenix.jpg|alt=Jade Phenix|thumb|Jade Phenix Source of Wuxi City Emblem|left|220x220px]]The city lies in the southern Yangtze River delta on [[Lake Tai]], which is the third largest freshwater lake in China, and a rich resource for tourism in the area with cruises. There are 72 peninsulas and peaks and 48 islets, including [[Yuantouzhu]] (the Islet of Turtlehead) and [[Taihu Xiandao]] (Islands of the Deities).<ref>{{cite web |title=Taihu Lake |url=https://www.travelchinaguide.com/attraction/jiangsu/wuxi/taihu_lake.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190902132626/https://www.travelchinaguide.com/attraction/jiangsu/wuxi/taihu_lake.htm |archive-date=2 September 2019 |access-date=2 September 2019 |publisher=Travel China Guide}}</ref>
===Airtransport===
===Parks and gardens===
[[File:Holy Altar in Brahma Palace.jpg|thumb|right|The dome made of lights of the Holy Altar in the Brahma Palace, near the [[Grand Buddha at Ling Shan]]]]
[[Sunan Shuofang International Airport]] ([[IATA airport code|IATA]]: WUX) opened in 2004 and serves the cities of Wuxi and Suzhou. It is situated {{Convert|14|km|mi}} from the city centre and has direct flights to [[Beijing]], [[Guangzhou]], [[Shenzhen]], [[Hong Kong]], [[Taipei]], [[Singapore]], and [[Osaka]].
Wuxi has many private gardens or parks built by learned scholars and illustrious people in the past. [[Lihu Park]] in [[Binhu District]] was built in 1927 and named after the politician and economist [[Fan Li]]. The Star of Taihu Lake is noted for its water Ferris wheel. The gardens contains a long embankment with willow trees and a path beside the lake with numerous small bridges and pavilions.<ref>{{cite news |title=Lihu Lake |newspaper=China Daily |url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/m/jiangsu/wuxi/2015-01/22/content_23809679_2.htm |url-status=live |access-date=2 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190902153506/http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/m/jiangsu/wuxi/2015-01/22/content_23809679_2.htm |archive-date=2 September 2019}}</ref> On the southwest bank of the lake at the foot of Junzhang Hill is [[Changguangxi Wetland Park]], a {{convert|10|km|sp=us}} stretch of canal connecting Lihu Lake to the north and Taihu Lake to the south. It contains the [[Shitang Bridge]] and a lotus pond.<ref>{{cite news |title=Changguangxi Wetland Park |newspaper=China Daily |url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/m/jiangsu/wuxi/2015-01/30/content_19453168.htm |url-status=live |access-date=2 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190902155536/http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/m/jiangsu/wuxi/2015-01/30/content_19453168.htm |archive-date=2 September 2019}}</ref> Also in Binhu District is [[Wuxi Zoo and Taihu Lake Amusement Park]], an AAAA national landmark with over a 1000 animals including [[Asian elephant]], [[leopard]], [[chimpanzee]], [[giant panda]] and [[white rhinoceros]] and an ecology and science exhibition and recreation area.<ref>{{cite news |title=Wuxi Zoo and Taihu Lake Amusement Park |newspaper=China Daily |url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/m/jiangsu/wuxi/2015-01/30/content_19453175.htm |url-status=live |access-date=2 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190902154020/http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/m/jiangsu/wuxi/2015-01/30/content_19453175.htm |archive-date=2 September 2019}}</ref>
The 30 hectare (74 acres) [[Mt. Lingshan Grand Buddha Scenic Area]] on the southwest tip of Wuxi contains the {{Convert|88|m|ft|sp=us}} tall [[Grand Buddha at Ling Shan]], the world's largest bronze Buddha statue. The Mt Lingshan area also contains the Brahma Palace, Xiangfu Temple, Five Mudra Mandala, Nine Dragons Bathing Sakyamuni (a {{convert|7.2|m|sp=us}} statue of [[Sakyamuni]]), and numerous other Buddhist sites.<ref name="Mt Lingshan">{{cite web |title=Mt. Lingshan Grand Buddha Scenic Area |url=https://www.travelchinaguide.com/attraction/jiangsu/wuxi/lingshan-buddha.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190902133452/https://www.travelchinaguide.com/attraction/jiangsu/wuxi/lingshan-buddha.htm |archive-date=2 September 2019 |access-date=2 September 2019 |publisher=Travel China Guide}}</ref> [[Xihui Park]], established in 1958 at the foot of Xi Shan to the west of the city, contains [[Jichang Garden]] and the Dragon Light Pagoda.<ref name="DK">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QKXACwAAQBAJ&q=Xihui+Park+1958+Jichang+Garden+Dragon+Light+Pagoda.&pg=PA222 |title=China |publisher=DK Eyewitness Travel Guides |year=2016 |isbn=978-0-241-27941-0 |page=222}}</ref>
===Expressways and highways===
Expressways:
*[[Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway]] (Hu Ning Gao Su 沪宁高速)
*[[Wuxi-Yixing Expressway]] (Xi Yi Gao Su 锡宜高速)
===Museums===
National highways:
[[File:Wuxi Museum 2018.jpg|alt=Wuxi Museum|thumb|Wuxi Museum]]
*[[China National Highway 312]]
[[Wuxi Museum]] was formally opened on October 1, 2008 following a merger of the Wuxi Revolution Museum, Wuxi Museum and Wuxi Science Museum. Covering over {{convert|71,000|m2|sp=us}} and an exhibition area of {{convert|24,100|m2|sp=us}} it is the largest public cultural building in Wuxi, with 600,000 visitors annually as of 2019. The museum also administers the Chinese National Industry and Commerce Museum of Wuxi, Chengji Art Museum, Zhou Huaimin Painting Museum, Zhang Wentian Former Residence and Wuxi Ancient Stone Inscriptions Museum.<ref>{{cite web |title=Introduction of Wuxi Museum |url=http://www.wxmuseum.com/En/News/Details/EnSummary |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190528055956/http://wxmuseum.com/En/News/Details/EnSummary |archive-date=28 May 2019 |access-date=2 September 2019 |publisher=wxmusuem.com}}</ref> [[Wuxi Art Museum]], known as the Wuxi Painting and Calligraphy Institute before the rename in 2011, was established on December 7, 1979 in Chong'an district. The current facility has a space of {{convert|1,135|m|sp=us}}.<ref>{{cite news |title=Wuxi Art Museum (Wuxi Painting and Calligraphy Institute) |newspaper=China Daily |url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/m/jiangsu/wuxi/2015-06/10/content_20958117.htm |url-status=live |access-date=2 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190902152607/http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/m/jiangsu/wuxi/2015-06/10/content_20958117.htm |archive-date=2 September 2019}}</ref>[[File:Binhu, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China - panoramio (235).jpg|left|thumb|Wuxi Grand Theater]]
[[File:Exit 3, Gedaiqiao Station.jpg|thumb|Wuxi Sunac Taihu Show Project]][[Hongshan Archaeological Museum]] in Wuxi New District opened in 2008 and houses artifacts related to the local Wu culture between 770 and 221 BC. The items, which include miniature jade engravings and objects related to burial and musical customs, were unearthed at Hongshan Tomb Complex in 2004.<ref>{{cite news |title=Hongshan Archaeological Museum |newspaper=China Daily |url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/m/jiangsu/wuxi/2015-01/30/content_19453173.htm |url-status=live |access-date=2 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190902154536/http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/m/jiangsu/wuxi/2015-01/30/content_19453173.htm |archive-date=2 September 2019}}</ref>
The Helv City Ruins is an extremely precious historical and cultural heritage in Wuxi City, and it is the capital of Helu, one of the Five Hegemons in the Spring and Autumn Period. The city was built in the first year of Helu (the sixth year of King Jing of Zhou, 514 BC), more than 2,500 years ago.
As early as 1956, the Helu City site was named a provincial cultural relic protection unit by the Jiangsu Provincial Government. At the national expert demonstration meeting held in 2008, the site was identified as the capital of King Helu of Wu, and was named one of the "Top Ten New Archaeological Discoveries in China in 2008". In 2011, it was selected as "Jiangsu Grand Site". In March 2013, it was named the seventh batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council. In December of the same year, it was selected into the National Archaeological Site Park Project List announced by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage
Provincial roads:
*[[S342]]
The Former Residence of Xue Fucheng at No. 152 Xueqian Street in Chong'an district, is the former home of [[Zue Fencheng]], a noted diplomat of the late Qing dynasty and is open to the public.<ref>{{cite news |title=The Former Residence of Xue Fucheng |newspaper=China Daily |url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/m/jiangsu/wuxi/2015-01/30/content_19453169.htm |url-status=live |access-date=2 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190902155106/http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/m/jiangsu/wuxi/2015-01/30/content_19453169.htm |archive-date=2 September 2019}}</ref>
===Metro===
{{main|Wuxi Metro}}
The Wuxi government has planned a network of 8 metro lines. Line 1 and line 2 of the [[Wuxi Metro]] began operation in 2014, on July 1 and December 28 respectively.
In addition, Wuxi also has the famous Wuxi Grand Theater and Sunac Taihu Show.
==Education==
== Notable people ==
===Universities and colleges===
* [[An Guo]], [[Printer (publishing)|printer]] and collector of antiques (1481–1534)
* [[Jiangnan University]] (江南大学)
* [[Ni Zan]], painter (1301–1374)
* [[Wuxi campus,SEU]] (东南大学无锡分校）
* [[Xue Fucheng]], diplomat (1838–1894)
* [[Wuxi Fisheries College,NAU]] (南京农业大学无锡渔业学院)
* [[Gu Deng]], mathematician and politician (1882–1947?)
* [[Wuxi Professional College of Science and Technology]] (无锡科技职业技术学院)
* [[Chen Chi]] (1912—2005), painter
* [[Wuxi Institute of Technology]] (无锡职业技术学院)
* [[Hua Yanjun]] (1893–1950), musician
* [[Wuxi Institute of Commerce]] (无锡商业职业技术学院)
* [[Liu Tianhua]], folk musician (1895–1932)
* [[Wuxi City College of Vocational Technology]] (无锡城市职业技术学院)
* [[Zou Jiayi]], (b. 1963), politician and economist
* [[Wuxi Higher Health Vocational Technology School]] (无锡卫生高等职业技术学校，原无锡卫生学校)
* [[Qian Zhongshu]], 20th century Chinese literary scholar and writer (1910–1998)
* [[Qian Weichang]], physicist, applied mathematician and academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (1910–1998)
* [[Marie Lu]], (b. 1984), novelist, author of [[Legend (Lu novel)|''Legend'']] serie
===Highschools===
== Sister cities ==
* [[Wuxi No.1 High School]] (无锡市第一中学)
* [[Jiangsu Tianyi High School]] (江苏省天一中学)
* [[Provincial Nanjing Senior High School]] (江苏省南菁中学)
* [[Wuxi Big Bridge Experimental School]] (无锡市大桥实验中学)
* [[Wuxi Furen High School]] (No.2 Senior High School)] (无锡市辅仁中学/无锡市第二中学)
* [[Wuxi No.3 Senior High School]] (无锡市第三高级中学)
* [[Wuxi Shiei High School]] (无锡市市北高级中学)
* [[Wuxi Qingshan High School]] (无锡市青山高级中学)
* [[Jiangsu Xishan Senior High School]] (江苏省锡山高级中学)
* [[Wuxi NO.1 Girls High School]] (无锡市第一女子中学，原东林中学)
* [[Jiangsu Meicun High School]] (江苏省梅村高级中学)
* [[Wuxi NO.6 High School]]（无锡市第六高级中学）
* [[Taihu International School]]<ref>http://tis-wuxi.com/</ref>
* [[Xi Dong Senior High School Of Jiangsu Province ]]（江苏省锡东高级中学，原羊尖高中，荡口高中）
==Notablepeople==
=== Asia ===
* {{flagdeco|JAP}} [[Akashi, Hyogo]], Japan: concluded on August 29, 1981
*[[Gu Kaizhi]] (later half of the fourth century), a painter.
* {{flagdeco|JAP}} [[Sagamihara City]], Japan: concluded on October 6, 1985
*[[Li Sheng (poet)|Li Sheng]] (772–846), poet, who lived and was buried in Wuxi. {{citation needed|date=April 2012}}
* {{flagdeco|KOR}} [[Gimhae]], South Korea: concluded on October 24, 2006
*[[Gu Xiancheng]] (顧憲成, 1550–1612), scholar and politician, especially well known in the "Dong Lin Movement". {{citation needed|date=April 2012}}
* {{flagdeco|PHI}} [[Puerto Princesa City]], Philippines: concluded on October 30, 2007
*[[Xu Xiake]] (1587–1641), [[Ming Dynasty]] traveller and writer.
* {{flagdeco|CAM}} [[Sihanoukville (city)|Sihanoukville]], Cambodia: concluded on July 29, 2009
*[http://www.xsjy.com.cn/sub/wdml.asp?cid=2 Hua Hengfang] (1833–1902), mathematics in late Qing Dynasty who did studies in various area of science and technology. He participated in designing the first streamer and the first steamboat in China.
* {{flagdeco|KOR}} [[Ulsan]], South Korea: concluded on January 20, 2014
*[[Xue Fucheng]] (薛福成, 1838–1894), thinker, diplomat (to England, France, Belgium, Italy) and a leading proponent for political reform in the late Qing Dynasty.
* {{flagdeco|ISR}} [[Tiberias]], Israel: concluded on July 22, 2015
*[[Rong Zongjing]] (荣宗敬, 1873–1938) and [[Rong Desheng]] (荣德生, 1875–1952), two brothers who started Rong Enterprises, a conglomerate of flour mills and textile mills all across China that employed tens of thousands of workers during the first half of the twentieth century.
*[[Cai Pei]] (1884–1960) a diplomat and politician in the Republic of China.
*[[Abing]] (1893–1950) folk musician, best known for his work "Er Quan Ying Yue" (moon reflected on ''Er'' stream) for the [[erhu]].
=== Europe ===
*[[Xu Beihong]] (1895–1953), painter, most noted for his paintings of horses.
* {{flagdeco|POR}} [[Cascais]], Portugal: concluded on September 14, 1993
*[[Qian Zhongshu]] (钱锺书, 1910–1998), writer, best known for his comedy of manners ''[[Fortress Besieged]]''.
* {{flagdeco|ITA}} [[Vicenza]], Italy: concluded on January 25, 2006
*[[Chen Chi]] (1912–2005), internationally famous painter.
* {{flagdeco|GER}} [[Leverkusen]], Germany: concluded on April 27, 2006
*[[Rong Yiren]] (1916–2005), Rong Desheng's son, the powerful "Red Capitalist", the capitalism-communist, Vice-President of the People's Republic of China from 1993 to 1998.
* {{flagdeco|GER}} [[Bocholt, Germany|Bocholt]], Germany: concluded on October, 2003
*[[Lu Yaochen]] (吕尧臣, born 1941), Chinese art master, famous Zisha (purple clay teapot) master, born in Yi Xing.
* {{flagdeco|FRA}} [[Nimes]], France: concluded on April 5, 2007
*[[Ding Junhui]] (born 1987), [[Snooker]] player.
* {{flagdeco|SWE}} [[Sodertalje]], Sweden: concluded on October 8, 2007
*[[Zhou Yongkang]] (born 1942), senior [[Communist Party of China]] leader.
* {{flagdeco|BEL}} [[Kortrijk]], Belgium: concluded on October 30, 2007
*[[Jimmy Wang Yu]] (born 1943), Chinese actor who appeared in the Shaw Brother's ''One Armed Swordsman''. His movie, the Chinese Boxer (1969) is credited with being the first Hong Kong martial arts film that kick started the unarmed combat genre that took Asia by storm in the 1970s.
* {{flagdeco|DEN}} [[Beiserkellen]], Denmark: concluded on August 22, 2008
*[[Marie Lu]] (born 1984), author of the [[Legend (Lu novel)|''Legend'' series]].
* {{flagdeco|UK}} [[Chelmsford]], United Kingdom: concluded on 19 November 2009
* {{flagdeco|NED}} [['s-Hertogenbosch]], The Netherlands: concluded on February 10, 2010
* {{flagdeco|FIN}} [[Lahti]], Finland: concluded on November 7, 2011
* {{flagdeco|GRE}} [[Patras]], Greece: concluded on December 24, 2012
* {{flagdeco|POL}} [[Zielona Góra]], Poland: concluded on January 7, 2014
=== America ===
* {{flagdeco|USA}} [[Chattanooga]], United States: concluded on October 12, 1982
* {{flagdeco|CAN}} [[Fredericton]], Canada: concluded on November 22, 2010
* {{flagdeco|BRA}} [[Sorocaba]], Brazil: concluded on December 18, 2010
* {{flagdeco|USA}} [[San Antonio]], United States: concluded on February 16, 2012
* {{flagdeco|MEX}} [[Puebla]], Mexico: concluded on December 25, 2014
=== Oceania ===
* {{flagdeco|NZ}} [[Hamilton, New Zealand|Hamilton]], New Zealand: concluded on July 5, 1986
* {{flagdeco|AUS}} [[Frankston, Victoria|Frankston]], Australia: concluded on November 8, 2012
=== Africa ===
* {{flagdeco|MAR}} [[Fez, Morocco|Fez]], Morocco: concluded on June 29, 2010
==See also==
==See also==
{{portal|China}}
*[[List of twin towns and sister cities in China]]
*[[List of cities in the People's Republic of China by population]]
* [[China Wu Culture Expo Park]]
* [[List of twin towns and sister cities in China]]
* [[Jiangnan]]
* [[List of cities in the People's Republic of China by population]]
==References==
== References ==
{{reflist|30em}}
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category|Wuxi}}
*[http://www.wuxi.gov.cn/ Government website of Wuxi] (available in Chinese, Japanese and English)
{{Wiktionary|Wuxi|Wusih|Wuhsi|Wu-hsi}}
* [http://www.wuxi.gov.cn/ Government website of Wuxi] {{in lang|zh|ja|en}}
* [http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/m/jiangsu/wuxi/index.html Wuxi] at ''[[China Daily]]''
{{Jiangsu topics}}
{{Jiangsu topics}}
{{Jiangsu}}
{{Jiangsu}}
{{Prefectural-level divisions of the People's Republic of China}}
{{Yangtze River Delta}}
{{Yangtze River Delta}}
{{Metropolitan cities of the People's Republic of China}}
{{Metropolitan cities of the People's Republic of China}}
{{Regions and cities of China}}
{{Regions and cities of China}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Wuxi| ]]
[[Category:Cities in Jiangsu]]
[[Category:Cities in Jiangsu]]
[[Category:Yangtze River Delta]]
[[Category:Yangtze River Delta]]
[[Category:Wuxi| ]]<!--please leave the empty space as standard-->
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[[Category:Prefecture-level divisions of Jiangsu]]
[[Category:Prefecture-level divisions of Jiangsu]]
Despite varied origin stories based on the second Chinese character 锡 of the city's name meaning "tin", many modern Chinese scholars favor the view that the word is derived from the "old Yue language" or, supposedly, the old Kra–Dai languages, rather than reflecting the presence of tin in the area.[3][4][5]
Clues are to be found at the Meili Museum and the Helv Relics Museum, Wuxi is the ancient capital of Wu State during the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BCE).[6]Taibo and Zhongyong traveled southeast and settled in Wuxi Meili. There, Taibo and his followers set up the State of Wu, and made Wuxi as its founding capital which lasted for 600 years. The history of Wuxi can be traced back to Shang dynasty (1600–1046 BC).[7]
The tin industry thrived in the area in ancient times but it was eventually depleted, so that when Wuxi was established in 202 BCE during the Han dynasty, it was named "Wuxi" (the capital of WU state). Administratively, Wuxi became a district of Biling (later Changzhou) and only during the Yuan dynasty (1206–1368) did it become an independent prefecture.[8] Wuxi and Changzhou are considered to be the birthplaces of modern industrialization in China.[9]
Agriculture and the silk industry flourished in Wuxi and the town became a transportation hub under the early Tang Dynasty after the opening of the Grand Canal in 609. It became known as one of the biggest markets for rice in China.[8]
The Donglin Academy, originally founded during the Song dynasty (960–1279) was restored in Wuxi in 1604. Not a school, it served as a public forum, advocating a Confucian orthodoxy and ethics. Many of its academicians were retired court officials or officials deposed in the 1590s due to factionalism.[10]
As a populous county, its eastern part was separated and made into Jinkui county in 1724. Both Wuxi and Jinkui were utterly devastated by the Taiping Rebellion, which resulted in nearly 2/3 of their population being killed.[11] The number of "able-bodied males" (ding, 丁) were only 72,053 and 138,008 individuals in 1865, versus 339,549 and 258,934 in 1830.[12]
During the Qing dynasty (1644–1912), cotton and silk production flourished in Wuxi.[13] Trade increased with the opening of ports to Shanghai in 1842, and Zhenjiang and Nanjing in 1858. Wuxi became a center of the textile industry in China. Textile mills were built in 1894 and silk reeling establishments known as "filatures" were built in 1904.[8] Wuxi has remained the regional center for the waterborne transport of grain. The opening of the railways to Shanghai and to the cities of Zhenjiang and Nanjing to the northwest in 1908 further increased the exports of rice from the area.[8] Jinkui xian merged into Wuxi County with the onset of the Republic in 1912.[14]
Many agricultural laborers and merchants moved to Shanghai in the late 19th century and early 20th century; some prospered in the new factories.[9]
After World War II, Wuxi's importance as an economic center diminished, but it remains a regional manufacturing hub. Tourism has increasingly become important.[8] On April 23, 1949, Wuxi was divided into Wuxi City and Wuxi County, and it became a provincial city in 1953 when Jiangsu Province was founded. In March 1995, several administrative changes were made within Wuxi City and Wuxi County to accommodate for Wuxi New District, with the creation of 19 administrative villages such as Shuofang, Fangqian, Xin'an and Meicun.[7]Jiangnan University was originally founded in 1902, before merging with two other colleges in 2001 to form the modern university.[15]
Wuxi has a relatively developed economy since ancient times. In 1895, Yang Zonglian and Yang Zonghan founded the first national capital enterprise, Yeqin Cotton Mill, outside the south gate of Wuxi. Subsequently, many enterprises with textile, silk and grain processing industries as the main body were born and developed rapidly. Wuxi became One of the birthplaces of national industry and commerce.[20] During this process, many "firsts" and "most" in the history of Wuxi's modern industrial development were born; batches of industrial and commercial giants including the Rong family and the Tang family were born, and it also demonstrated the entrepreneurship of Wuxi's national industrial and commercial entrepreneurs.[20] After the reform and opening up, private enterprises in Wuxi developed vigorously on the basis of the southern Jiangsu model represented by township industries. Well-known
companies such as "Technology" all transformed during this period. And since July 1993, Taiji Industry was the first private enterprise listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange as a listed company in Jiangsu Province. Over the years, the scale of listed companies from Wuxi has gradually expanded, forming a relatively unique "Wuxi plate", ranking first in Jiangsu Province. First, it plays an increasingly important role in the economic development of the entire Yangtze River Delta.[20]
After the reform and opening up, Wuxi has gradually become an important economic center in the east and a very dynamic commercial city with the opportunity brought by the Southern Jiangsu model.[21] At the end of 2013, Wuxi became one of China's "new first-tier cities" selected by "First Financial Weekly" due to its stable comprehensive strength; at the same time, "2013 Best Commercial Cities in Mainland China" released by the Chinese version of "Forbes" Among them, Wuxi ranks fifth, ranking first among prefecture-level cities.[20]
Lake Tai New City（under construction）
In 2022, Wuxi's economic aggregate will hit a new high, and its comprehensive strength will continue to increase. According to preliminary calculations, the annual GDP of Wuxi will be 1,485.082 billion yuan, an increase of 3.0% over the previous year at comparable prices. The per capita GDP in terms of resident population reached 198,400 yuan, ranking second in the country.[20]
In terms of industry, the added value of the city's primary industry was 13.365 billion yuan, an increase of 1.1% over the previous year; the added value of the secondary industry was 717.739 billion yuan, an increase of 3.6% over the previous year; The growth rate of the previous year was 2.4%; the ratio of the three industries was adjusted to 0.9 : 48.3 : 50.8.[22]
A total of 158,100 new jobs were created in cities and towns throughout the year, of which 77,200 laid-off and unemployed people in various cities and towns were reemployed, and 31,200 people who had difficulties in finding jobs were reemployed. The city's urban registered unemployment rate was 2.68%.
The added value of the private economy in the whole year was 983.124 billion yuan, an increase of 3.3% over the previous year, accounting for 66.2% of the total economic output, an increase of 0.2 percentage points over the previous year.[22] The output value of privately-owned industries above designated size was 1,426.928 billion yuan, an increase of 12.8% over the previous year. Private investment was 240.341 billion yuan, down 3.6% from the previous year.[23]
At the end of the year, 423,300 enterprises of various types were registered by the registration authorities at all levels in the city, including 36,000 state-owned and collective holding companies, 7,000 foreign-invested enterprises, and 380,400 private enterprises. At the end of the year, there were 660,900 self-employed households, and 80,800 newly registered households that year.[24]
The annual urban consumer price index (CPI) rose by 2.1%, an increase of 0.4 percentage points over the previous year. Among them, the price of service items increased by 1.0%, and the price of consumer goods increased by 2.9%. The increase in the price of industrial production was stable. The ex-factory price of industrial producers rose by 1.7% and the purchasing price of industrial producers rose by 3.9%.
Since it was established in 1992, Wuxi New District (WND), covering an area of 220 square kilometers (85 sq mi), has evolved to be one of the major industrial parks in China. In 2013, it had a GDP of 121.3 billion yuan ($19.54 billion), and an industrial output value of 276.7 billion yuan, accounting for 15% of production in the Wuxi area.The district includes the Wuxi Hi-tech Industrial Development Zone, Wuxi (Taihu) International Technology Park, Wuxi Airport Industrial Park, China (Wuxi) Industrial Expo Park, China Wu Culture Expo Park, and International Education and Living Community.[25]
Hotels in Wuxi include Wuxi Maoye City – Marriott Hotel, Hilton Hotel's Wuxi-Lingshan Double Tree Resort near the Lingshan Giant Buddha, Kempinski Hotel Wuxi, Landison Square Hotel Wuxi, noted for its Wu jade phoenix sculpture in the lobby, Radisson Blu Resort Wetland Park Wuxi, Sheraton Wuxi Binhu Hotel, the Wuxi Grand Hotel, and Wuxi Hubin Hotel and many other hotels.[26]
In 2022, Wuxi's GDP will reach 1,485.082 billion yuan, an increase of 3.0% over the previous year based on comparable prices; calculated based on the permanent population, the per capita GDP will reach 198,400 yuan; the city's annual general public budget revenue will be 113.338 billion yuan.[27]
As an important commercial center in East China, it has always been famous for its unique geographical location and historical background. Wuxi's commercial development has a long and prosperous history, and it has played a vital role in the local economic and social development.[28]
The earliest commercial development in Wuxi can be traced back to the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, when commercial activities were already carried out here. With the evolution of history, Wuxi has gradually become a transportation hub and commercial center in the Jiangnan area.[29] Wuxi is located on the shore of Taihu Lake and has convenient transportation. It has been a distribution center for silk, tea, rice and other commodities since ancient times. Today, Wuxi Commerce has developed into a diversified economic system dominated by service industries and high-tech industries.[29]
There are many characteristics and advantages of Wuxi business. First of all, its geographical location is superior, located in the center of the Yangtze River Delta, and the transportation is convenient, which is conducive to the circulation of commodities. Secondly, Wuxi has rich natural resources and cultural heritage, which provides unique conditions for commercial development.[30] In addition, the Wuxi municipal government has been committed to optimizing the business environment, attracting many domestic and foreign investors and entrepreneurs to invest and start businesses.[30]
Wuxi's commercial area is concentrated along Zhongshan Road in Liangxi District. On this road, Maoye Department Store, Hongdou Wanhua City, Great Oriental Department Store, Suning Plaza, Center 66, Yaohan, Parkson and other Chinese and foreign commercial retail enterprises gather. Chong'an Temple, Nanchan Temple, and Nanchang Street are three traditional commercial bazaars. Among them, Chong'an Temple Block is as famous as Shanghai Town God's Temple, Nanjing Confucius Temple, and Suzhou Xuanmiao Temple, which are also formed by temple bazaars.
Sanyang PlazaTaihu Square
Since the establishment of Yaohan, the first Sino-foreign joint venture retail enterprise in Jiangsu Province in 1996, and the establishment of Metro, China's second foreign-funded hypermarket, in Wuxi in 1997, the concentration of foreign-funded commercial retail in Wuxi is second only to Shanghai in the Yangtze River Delta region. Today, it includes Center 66, Great Orient Department Store, Wuxi Yaohan, IKEA Gathering, Yaohan Center, Bailian Outlets, Apple Direct Store, Mixc City, Coastal City, Maoye Department Store, a large number of Wanda Plazas and Rong Commercial retail benchmarking enterprises such as Chuangmao and Outlets Chuanzhisha still maintain their uniqueness in Jiangsu Province or in the Yangtze River Delta region, thus establishing Wuxi as one of the most important commercial center cities in Jiangsu Province and even in the Yangtze River Delta region
Wuxi Railway Station is situated on the Shanghai–Nanjing Intercity High-Speed Railway, a 301 kilometers (187 mi) railway which opened on July 1, 2010, linking it directly with the provincial capital of Nanjing, Shanghai and Suzhou.[38]
Wuxi Metro is an urban rail transit system serving Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, China. Its first line, Wuxi Metro Line 1, was officially opened for operation on July 1, 2014, making Wuxi the 22nd metropolitan area in mainland China. It is the third city in Jiangsu Province to open rail transit.As of January 2024, there are 5 Wuxi Metro operating lines, namely Wuxi Metro Line 1, Wuxi Metro Line 2, Wuxi Metro Line 3 Phase I, Wuxi Metro Line 4 Phase I, Wuxi Metro Line S1, They are all subway lines with an operating mileage of 145 kilometers and a total of 97 stations.As of January 2024, there are 4 lines under construction in Wuxi Metro, namely Wuxi Metro Line 4 Phase II, Wuxi Metro Line 5 Phase I, Wuxi Metro Line 6 Phase I, and Wuxi Metro Line S2, with a total of about 120 km.On January 21, 2024, the daily passenger flow of the Wuxi subway network reached a record high of 1.3 million passengers.[39]On February 16, 2024, the Wuxi subway network carried 1.4112 million passengers, a record high.[40]
Wuxi Public Transport refers to the urban road public transportation system serving Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, China. Its first line was opened in 1927. As of 2020, Wuxi Public Transport has 297 bus lines with a length of 5,760 kilometers and 3,036 operating vehicles. In 2020, the annual passenger volume of Wuxi buses will be 191.18 million.
Jiangyin Wuxi Jiangyin Port has 12 berths, mainly distributed in Shenxia Port Area, all of which have passed the open acceptance for foreign ships, with a total area of 1.5 million square meters, which are operated by Dagang Branch and Dacheng Branch respectively. Dagang Branch has a yard area of 710,000 square meters, and has two large warehouses with an area of 12,000 square meters each, each equipped with two 20-ton cranes. There are 10 dock berths, and the front of the dock maintains a water depth of -15 meters all year round. Among them, there are two 50,000-ton and 100,000-ton ocean-going berths, and one 2,000-ton sea-going berth, equipped with 9 gantry cranes with a lifting capacity of 40T, which can complete the cargo of arriving ships below 100,000 tons Unloading and transfer operations. There are also four 5,000-ton inland berths with a total length of 536 meters, equipped with multiple portal cranes and loading belt conveyors for port dredging. The port area is equipped with 7 120-150 ton truck scales and 2 gantry cranes. The warehouse has a maximum storage capacity of 3 million tons. It is mainly responsible for the unloading, storage and transfer of metal ore, coal and some general cargo. In order to meet the needs of customers, Dagang Branch also has ore screening and crushing equipment. After crushing, it can be directly conveyed to the vibrating screen for screening by the belt conveyor. The screen aperture can be adjusted according to the needs of different customers, and the production and processing can form lump ore and fine ore, with an annual output of 800,000-1 million tons. Dagang Branch has also launched three-condition general cargo liner routes from Jiangyin to the Middle East, Thailand and South Korea. Dacheng Branch was completed and put into operation in 2015.
Wuxi Public Transport refers to the urban road public transportation system serving Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, China. Its first line was opened in 1927. As of 2020, Wuxi Public Transport has 297 bus lines with a length of 5,760 kilometers and 3,036 operating vehicles. In 2020, the annual passenger volume of Wuxi public transport will be 191.18 million passenger.
Jiangnan UniversityJiangnan University: a key national university of "Project 211" and center for scientific research, which was originally founded in 1902 and established in 1958 as the Wuxi Institute of Light Industry. In 2001 it was reconstituted by the Ministry of Education with the merger of two other colleges to formally establish Jiangnan University.[15] The Taihu University of Wuxi, beside Huishan National Forest Park is a private university and one of the largest in China, covering over 2,000 acres with over 20,000 teachers and students and more than 20 different faculties.[45]
Wuxi University [zh]: Wuxi University, located in Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, is a public general undergraduate university approved by the Ministry of Education, managed by the People's Government of Jiangsu Province, organized by the People's Government of Wuxi City, and supported by Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology.
DongNan University Wuxi Campus: Founded in April 1988, formerly known as Southeast University Wuxi Campus, it is one of the first batch of key university branches approved by the former State Education Commission, and it is the first to explore the cultivation mode of outstanding engineers in my country.
Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Wuxi Campus
Nanjing University of Science and Technology Jiangyin Campus
Wuxi Higher Normal School: Founded in 1911, it was formerly known as the Jiangsu Provincial Third Normal School. Famous scholars such as Qian Songyan, Wu Guanzhong, and Chen Shouzhu are all alumni of the school.
Peking University School of Software and Microelectronics: Established in March 2002, it is a school directly affiliated to Peking University.
In addition, there are scientific research bases in Wuxi such as the Supercomputing Center, 702 Research Institute, and Microelectronics Research Institute, as well as Wuxi Research Institute of Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Wuxi Research Institute of Fudan University, Wuxi Research Institute of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and Wuxi Research Institute of Huazhong University of Science and Technology. and many other university research institutes.
In terms of junior college education, Wuxi has Wuxi Vocational and Technical College, Wuxi Nanyang Vocational and Technical College, Jiangsu Information Vocational and Technical College, Wuxi Science and Technology Vocational College, Wuxi Business Vocational and Technical College, Wuxi Technology Vocational and Technical College, Wuxi City Vocational and Technical College, etc. A junior college with a good employment rate.
Wuxi has a long history of medicine, especially in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Since the Ming Dynasty, famous doctors such as You Zhongren, Shi Zhongmo, Deng Xingbo, Ke Huaizu, Xue Fuchen, etc. have either worked in the imperial hospital, or been ordered to diagnose and treat the royal family. Among them, Tan Yunxian and Xu Lushi are rare female doctors in ancient China. As for the modern medical institutions in Wuxi, it began in 1908 when Li Kele, a missionary of the American Episcopal Church and a doctor of medicine, founded the Puren Hospital, which is now the Second People's Hospital of Wuxi.
At present, Wuxi has one medical school (Medical College Affiliated to Jiangnan University), ten municipal hospitals, and 210 hospitals, including fourteen tertiary hospitals
Wuxi No. 1 People's Hospital
Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital (North and South Campus)Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital
Jiangnan University Affiliated Hospital (formerly No. 3 Hospital and No. 4 Hospital, currently North and South Branches)
Wuxi Sports Center opened in October 1994 and has a capacity of 30,000.[46] It hosts the Wuxi Classic, a snooker event which attracted the biggest names in snooker. Wuxi City Sports Park Stadium hosted the 2017 ITTF Asian-Championships (Ping Pong),[47] and the 2019 World Cup in snooker in June 2019.[48]Major League Baseball based its main Chinese recruitment center in Wuxi since 2009 in Wuxi Development Center at Dongbeitang High School. There Major League Baseball scouts recruit the best players in China in the hopes that they will eventually play professional baseball in America.[49]
In 2022, The Wuxi Olympic Sports Center project has a total land area of about 56.7 hectares, a total construction area of about 467,000 square meters, and a total investment of about 6.9 billion yuan. It is planned to have a stadium with 60,000 seats, a gymnasium with 18,000 seats, a swimming pool with 2,000 seats and a national fitness center, and it will be constructed in accordance with the standards of a Grade A stadium. After completion, it can host large-scale comprehensive sports events across the country. In addition to "one venue, two halls", a 70,000-square-meter cultural, commercial, sports and tourism complex including commercial and hotel facilities will also be built. Through strengthening planning and operation, multiple "first competitions" and "first exhibitions" will be introduced in the future. Premiere" and other activities, and strive to build Wuxi Olympic Sports Center into a modern large-scale sports complex with various projects, rich formats and complete functions.
The city lies in the southern Yangtze River delta on Lake Tai, which is the third largest freshwater lake in China, and a rich resource for tourism in the area with cruises. There are 72 peninsulas and peaks and 48 islets, including Yuantouzhu (the Islet of Turtlehead) and Taihu Xiandao (Islands of the Deities).[50]
Wuxi has many private gardens or parks built by learned scholars and illustrious people in the past. Lihu Park in Binhu District was built in 1927 and named after the politician and economist Fan Li. The Star of Taihu Lake is noted for its water Ferris wheel. The gardens contains a long embankment with willow trees and a path beside the lake with numerous small bridges and pavilions.[51] On the southwest bank of the lake at the foot of Junzhang Hill is Changguangxi Wetland Park, a 10 kilometers (6.2 mi) stretch of canal connecting Lihu Lake to the north and Taihu Lake to the south. It contains the Shitang Bridge and a lotus pond.[52] Also in Binhu District is Wuxi Zoo and Taihu Lake Amusement Park, an AAAA national landmark with over a 1000 animals including Asian elephant, leopard, chimpanzee, giant panda and white rhinoceros and an ecology and science exhibition and recreation area.[53]
The 30 hectare (74 acres) Mt. Lingshan Grand Buddha Scenic Area on the southwest tip of Wuxi contains the 88 meters (289 ft) tall Grand Buddha at Ling Shan, the world's largest bronze Buddha statue. The Mt Lingshan area also contains the Brahma Palace, Xiangfu Temple, Five Mudra Mandala, Nine Dragons Bathing Sakyamuni (a 7.2 meters (24 ft) statue of Sakyamuni), and numerous other Buddhist sites.[54]Xihui Park, established in 1958 at the foot of Xi Shan to the west of the city, contains Jichang Garden and the Dragon Light Pagoda.[55]
Wuxi Museum was formally opened on October 1, 2008 following a merger of the Wuxi Revolution Museum, Wuxi Museum and Wuxi Science Museum. Covering over 71,000 square meters (760,000 sq ft) and an exhibition area of 24,100 square meters (259,000 sq ft) it is the largest public cultural building in Wuxi, with 600,000 visitors annually as of 2019. The museum also administers the Chinese National Industry and Commerce Museum of Wuxi, Chengji Art Museum, Zhou Huaimin Painting Museum, Zhang Wentian Former Residence and Wuxi Ancient Stone Inscriptions Museum.[56]Wuxi Art Museum, known as the Wuxi Painting and Calligraphy Institute before the rename in 2011, was established on December 7, 1979 in Chong'an district. The current facility has a space of 1,135 meters (3,724 ft).[57]
Wuxi Grand TheaterWuxi Sunac Taihu Show Project
Hongshan Archaeological Museum in Wuxi New District opened in 2008 and houses artifacts related to the local Wu culture between 770 and 221 BC. The items, which include miniature jade engravings and objects related to burial and musical customs, were unearthed at Hongshan Tomb Complex in 2004.[58]
The Helv City Ruins is an extremely precious historical and cultural heritage in Wuxi City, and it is the capital of Helu, one of the Five Hegemons in the Spring and Autumn Period. The city was built in the first year of Helu (the sixth year of King Jing of Zhou, 514 BC), more than 2,500 years ago.
As early as 1956, the Helu City site was named a provincial cultural relic protection unit by the Jiangsu Provincial Government. At the national expert demonstration meeting held in 2008, the site was identified as the capital of King Helu of Wu, and was named one of the "Top Ten New Archaeological Discoveries in China in 2008". In 2011, it was selected as "Jiangsu Grand Site". In March 2013, it was named the seventh batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council. In December of the same year, it was selected into the National Archaeological Site Park Project List announced by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage
The Former Residence of Xue Fucheng at No. 152 Xueqian Street in Chong'an district, is the former home of Zue Fencheng, a noted diplomat of the late Qing dynasty and is open to the public.[59]
In addition, Wuxi also has the famous Wuxi Grand Theater and Sunac Taihu Show.
^Bell, Lynda S. (1985). "Explaining China's Rural Crisis: Observations From Wuxi County In The Early Twentieth Century". Republican China. 11. Republican China, Volume 11, Issue 1: 15–31. doi:10.1080/08932344.1985.11720078. S2CID130199257.
^ 江苏省志・人口志 [Jiangsu Provincial Gazetteer, Volume on Demography]. Fangzhi Publishing House. 1999. pp. 58–9. ISBN978-7-801-22526-9.
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Puerto Princesa City, Philippines: concluded on October 30, 2007
Sihanoukville, Cambodia: concluded on July 29, 2009
Tiberias, Israel: concluded on July 22, 2015
Cascais, Portugal: concluded on September 14, 1993
Vicenza, Italy: concluded on January 25, 2006 
Leverkusen, Germany: concluded on April 27, 2006
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Kortrijk, Belgium: concluded on October 30, 2007
Beiserkellen, Denmark: concluded on August 22, 2008
Chelmsford, United Kingdom: concluded on 19 November 2009
's-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands: concluded on February 10, 2010
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