Jump to content

List of cryptids: Difference between revisions

Page semi-protected
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
POV intro edited. There is *no source* that says cz aims "to prove the existence of things from the folkloric record". And the field does not presume their existence.
 
(737 intermediate revisions by more than 100 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Short description|none}}
{{multiple issues|
{{Redirect-distinguish|Cryptid|Cryptic (disambiguation){{!}}Cryptic|Cryptozoa}}
{{fringe|date=June 2018}}
{{Redirect|Cryptids|the 2023 film|Cryptids (film){{!}}''Cryptids'' (film)}}
{{refimprove|date=May 2018}}
{{Pp|small=yes}}
{{unreliable sources|date=May 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}}
{{pp|small=yes}}
{{Rewrite|date=May 2018}}
}}
[[File:Yowie-statue-Kilcoy-Queensland.JPG|thumb|[[Yowie]]]]
[[File:Effingham carcass.JPG|thumb|The Effingham Carcass, [[Vancouver Island]], 1947. Supposed remains of [[Cadborosaurus willsi|'Caddy']]]]
{{Paranormal}}
{{Paranormal}}
Cryptids are [[animal]]s that [[cryptozoologists]] believe may exist somewhere in the wild, but whose present existence is disputed or unsubstantiated by [[science]]. Cryptozoology is a [[pseudoscience]], which primarily looks at [[anecdotal]] stories, and other claims rejected by the scientific community. While [[biologist]]s regularly identify new species following established [[scientific methodology]], cryptozoologists focus on entities mentioned in the [[folklore]] record and rumor. Entities that may be considered cryptids by cryptozoologists include [[Bigfoot]], [[Yeti]], the [[chupacabra]], the [[Jersey Devil]], the [[Loch Ness Monster]], and the [[Mokele-mbembe]].
This is a '''list of cryptids''' (from the Greek κρύπτω, ''krypto'', meaning "hide" or "hidden") notable within [[cryptozoology]], the controversial field that investigates the existence of animals and plants that have been derived from anecdotal or other evidence considered insufficient by [[mainstream science]]. Well-known examples of cryptids include the [[Yeti]] in the [[Himalayas]], the [[Loch Ness Monster]] in [[Scotland]], and [[Bigfoot]] in [[North America]].
==Definition==
{{main|Cryptozoology#Terminology,_history,_and_approach}}
Cryptozoologists may consider any figure from folklore to be a "cryptid" (from the Greek κρύπτω, ''krypto'', meaning "hide") after the term ''cryptozoology'' and meaning a 'hidden animal'. The [[Oxford English Dictionary]] defines the noun ''cryptid'' as "an animal whose existence or survival to the present day is disputed or unsubstantiated; any animal of interest to a cryptozoologist".<ref name="OED-CRYPTID">"cryptid, n." OED Online. Oxford University Press, September 2016. Web. 25 October 2016.</ref> Some dictionaries and encyclopedias define the term "cryptid" as an animal whose existence is questionable.<ref name="oxford">{{cite web | url=http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/us/definition/american_english/cryptid | title=The Oxford Dictionary | accessdate=17 June 2016}}</ref><ref name="canada">{{cite web | url=http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/sasquatch/ | title=Canadian Encyclopedia | accessdate=17 June 2016}}</ref> While used by most cryptozoologists, the term ''cryptid'' is not used by academic zoologists.<ref name="PAXTON-2011">Paxton, C.G.M. (2011). "Putting the “ology” into cryptozoology." . ''Biofortean Notes''. Vol. 7, pp. 7-20.</ref>


Scholars have noted that the cryptozoology subculture rejected mainstream approaches from an early date, and that adherents often express hostility to mainstream science. Scholars have studied cryptozoologists and their influence (including its association with [[Young Earth creationism]]),<ref>{{cite book |last=Hill |first=Sharon A. |year=2017 |title=Scientifical Americans: The Culture of Amateur Paranormal Researchers |page=66 |publisher=[[McFarland & Company|McFarland]] |isbn=9781476630823 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Card |first=Jeb J. |year=2016 |chapter=Steampunk Inquiry: A Comparative Vivisection of Discovery Pseudoscience |editor-last1=Card |editor-first1=Jeb J. |editor-last2=Anderson |editor-first2=David S. |title=Lost City, Found Pyramid: Understanding Alternative Archaeologies and Pseudoscientific Practices |page= 32 |publisher=[[University of Alabama Press]] |isbn=9780817319113 |quote=Creationists have embraced cryptozoology and some cryptozoological expeditions are funded by and conducted by creationists hoping to disprove evolution. }}</ref> noted parallels in cryptozoology and other pseudosciences such as [[ghost hunting]] and [[ufology]], and highlighted uncritical media propagation of cryptozoologist claims.
While there have been attempts to codify cryptozoology approaches, unlike biologists, zoologists, botanists, and other academic disciplines, however, "there are no accepted, uniform, or successful methods for pursuing cryptids".<ref name="REGAL-326-329">Regal, Brian (2011) "Cryptozoology", pp. 326–329 as published in McCormick, Charlie T. and Kim Kennedy (2011). ''Folklore: An Encyclopedia of Beliefs, Customs, Tales, Music, and Art''. 2nd edition. [[ABC-CLIO]]. {{ISBN|978-1-59884-241-8}}.</ref> According to anthropologist Jeb J. Card, cryptozoologists frame most "[m]ost cryptids as the subject of indigenous legends typically collected in the hayday of [[comparative folklore]], though such legends may be heavily modified or worse. Cryptozoology's complicated mix of sympathy, interest, and appropriation of indigenous culture (or non-indigenous construction of it) is also found in [[New Age]] circles and dubious 'Indian burial grounds' and other [[legend]]s ... invoked in [[haunting]]s such as the [[Stephen_Kaplan#Overview_of_the_Amityville_Horror_dispute|"Amityville" hoax]] ...".<ref name="CARD-24-25">Card, Jeb J. 2016. "Steampunk Inquiry: A Comparative Vivisection of Discovery Pseudoscience" in Card, Jeb J. and Anderson, David S. ''Lost City, Found Pyramid: Understanding Alternative Archaeologies and Pseudoscientific Practices'', p. 24-25. [[University of Alabama Press]]. {{ISBN|9780817319113}}</ref>


== List ==
===Eberhart's classification===
=== Aquatic or semi-aquatic ===
Cryptozoologist George M. Eberhart classifies ten types of mystery animals under the cryptozoological umbrella:<ref>{{cite journal | last1=Eberhart |first1=George M. |year=2005 |title = Mysterious Creatures: Creating A Cryptozoological Encyclopedia |url=https://www.scientificexploration.org/docs/19/jse_19_1_eberhart.pdf |journal=Journal of Scientific Exploration |volume=19 |issue=1 |pages=103–113 }}</ref><ref name=jobling>{{cite journal|work=Investigative Genetics|date=2013|volume=4|pages=24|number=24|doi=10.1186/2041-2223-4-24|last=Jobling|first=Mark A.|pmc=4121952|title=The truth is out there|pmid=25097746}}</ref><!--The examples in square brackets below are _specifically_ from the cited source, but are re-worded for conciseness.-->
{{see also|List of lake monsters}}

{| class="wikitable sortable"
#''Distribution anomalies'' (known animals reported outside their normal range, e.g. the [[British big cats|anomalous big cats]] of the U.K.);
#''Undescribed, unusual, or outsized variations of known species'' (e.g. the [[giant anaconda]]s reported from Amazonia or the [[spotted lion]]s of East Africa);
#''Survivals of recently extinct species'' (e.g. the [[ivory-billed woodpecker]] presumed extinct c. 1960, the [[Tasmanian tiger]] (thylacine), declared extinct in 1936, or the [[Steller's sea cow]] presumed extinct c. 1768, all of which are occasionally claimed to have survived to the present);<!--Eberhart's article DOES NOT include the Moa-->
#''Survivals of species known only from the fossil record into modern times'' (e.g. the [[mokele-mbembe]] of central Africa, sometimes described as a living dinosaur);
#''Lingerlings, or survivals of species known from the fossil record much later into historical times than currently thought'' (e.g. the [[woolly mammoth]], presumed extinct c. 12,000 BCE but occasionally purported to have survived into later eras);
#''Animals not known from the fossil record but related to known species'' (e.g. the [[Andean wolf]] or the striped [[manta-ray]] reported by [[William Beebe]] in the 1930s);
#''Animals not known from the fossil record nor related to any known species'' (e.g. North America's [[Bigfoot]] or most [[sea serpent]]s);
#''Mythical animals with a zoological basis'' (e.g. the [[griffin]], partly inspired by [[dinosaur]] fossils of Central Asia);
#''Seemingly paranormal or supernatural entities with some animal-like characteristics'' (e.g. [[Mothman]], [[black dog (ghost)|black dogs]], or some [[fairies]] from folklore);
#''Known hoaxes or probable misidentifications'' (e.g. the [[jackalope]], an antlered rabbit, a popular hoax in [[taxidermy]]).

Additionally, Eberhart argues for six exclusions from classification as a cryptid:
# ''Insignificance''. "Cryptids must be big, weird, dangerous or significant to humans in some way."
# ''Lack of controversy''. "Someone needs to observe a mystery animal and someone else needs to discredit the sighting. Cryptozoologists function as interventionists between witnesses and skeptical scientists."
# ''Erratics''. "The out-of-place alligator […] that turns up in an odd spot, undoubtedly through human agency, is not a zoological mystery […] [I]f someone discovers a new species of alligator that lives only in sewers, that is a different matter."
# ''Bizarre humans'' (e.g. [[zombies]] or [[vampire]]s)
# ''Angels or demons'' […] "the paranormal or supernatural is admitted only if it has an animal shape (a [[werewolf]] sighting, which might involve a real dog or wolf, or a mystery [[canid]])."
# ''Aliens'' "[unless such extraterrestrials] arrived a long time ago and thus classify as residents."

==List of cryptids==
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%; font-size:90%;"
|- style="background:#115a6c;"
|- style="background:#115a6c;"
! Name
! Name
! Other names
! Other Names
! Description
! Description
! class="unsortable" width=180 align="center" | Purported Location
! Purported location
! Depiction
! Depiction
|-
|-
|''{{sort|Anguila peluda}}''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.abc.es/espana/|title=El misterioso viaje de las anguilas desde el Triángulo de las Bermudas a los barrancos canarios|work=ABC|access-date=12 December 2024|archive-url=https://www.abc.es/espana/canarias/abci-misterioso-viaje-anguilas-desde-triangulo-bermudas-barrancos-canarios-201610072012_noticia.html?ref=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.es%2Fespana%2Fcanarias%2Fabci-misterioso-viaje-anguilas-desde-triangulo-bermudas-barrancos-canarios-201610072012_noticia.html|archive-date=7 October 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|[[Adjule]]
|Hairy Eel
|Kelb-el-khela
|Pond animal
|Unrecognized [[Canidae|canine]] form reported from the western part of the [[Sahara]] by local people, said to live in [[Pack (canine)|packs]]
|Pamital ravine, [[Canary Islands]]
|[[North Africa]]
|[[File:Adjule.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Agogwe]]
|Agogure, Kakundakari, Kikomba, Sehite
|Small human-shaped [[bipedal]]
|[[East Africa]]
|
|-
|[[Akkorokamui]]
|
|[[Cephalopod]]
|[[Japan]] and [[Thailand]]
|
|-
|[[Almas (cryptozoology)|Almas]]
|Abnauayu, almasty, albasty, bekk-bok,<br/>biabin-guli, golub-yavan, gul-biavan, auli-avan,<br/>kaptar, kra-dhun, ksy-giik, ksy-gyik, ochokochi,<br/>mirygdy, mulen, voita, wind-man, Zana
|Non-human [[ape]] or [[Hominidae|hominid]]
|[[Asia]]/[[Caucasus]]
|
|-
|[[Altamaha-ha]]
|Altie
|[[Sturgeon]] or [[Plesiosauria|plesiosaur]]-like river animal
|[[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]], United States
|[[File:Altamaha-ha.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Amomongo]]
|[[Negros Island|Negros]] Ape
|[[Primate]]
|[[Negros Island]], [[Philippines]]
|
|-
|[[Andean wolf]]
|Hagenbeck wolf, [[Andes|Andean]] mountain [[wolf]], ''Dasycyon hagenbecki''
|[[Canidae|Canine]]
|[[High Andes]], [[South America]]
|
|-
|Appalachian [[Black panther#Cougar|black panther]]
|
|A large, black [[felid]]. A [[melanistic]] [[cougar]]
|[[West Virginia]], [[Kentucky]], [[Pennsylvania]], [[New York (state)|New York]], [[Alabama]], [[Ohio]], [[New England]], [[North Carolina]], [[New Jersey]], [[Tennessee]], and [[Virginia]], United States
|[[File:Black puma.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Ayia Napa sea monster]]
|To filiko teras (The Friendly [[Monster]]), Nappis
|Speculated to be something like a [[crocodile]] or [[sea serpent]]
|[[Cyprus]]
|[[File:Scyllaeastmedmonster.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Barmanou]]
|Barmanu, Big Hairy One
|[[Ape]] or [[Hominidae|hominid]]
|[[Middle East]]/[[Asia]]
|
|-
|[[Batutut]]
|Ujit, Người rừng
|[[Hominidae|Hominid]]
|[[Vietnam]], [[Laos]], and [[Borneo]]
|
|-
|[[Beaman (cryptid)|Beaman]]
|
|[[Ape]] or [[Hominidae|hominid]]
|[[Missouri]], United States
|
|-
|[[Bear Lake Monster]]
|
|[[Lake monster]]
|[[Idaho]]/[[Utah]], United States
|
|-
|[[Beast of Bladenboro]]
|Vampire Beast
|[[Hematophagy|Blood-sucking]] [[Felinae|feline]]-like [[predator]]
|[[North Carolina]], United States
|[[File:Davis's Bobcat and Mayor Fussell.png|180px]]
|-
|[[Beast of Bodmin]]
|
|Large [[Felidae|felid]]
|[[Cornwall]], [[England]]
|
|-
|[[Beast of Bray Road]]
|Wisconsin Werewolf, Wolfman
|[[Carnivore|Carnivorous]] mammal
|[[Wisconsin]], United States
|
|-
|[[Beast of Busco]]
|Churubusco [[turtle]]; Oscar
|[[Reptile]]/[[Living dinosaur|dinosaur]]
|[[Churubusco, Indiana]], United States
|
|-
|[[Dartmoor#Myths and literature|Beast of Dartmoor]]
|Lion-pig
|[[Boar]]-like mammal
|[[Dartmoor National Park]], [[England]]
|
|-
|[[Beast of Dean]]
|Moose-pig
|[[Boar]]-like mammal
|[[England]]
|[[File:Beast of Dean.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Beast of Exmoor]]
|
|[[Big cat]]
|[[England]]
|
|-
|[[Beast of Gévaudan]]
|Bête du Gévaudan, Arenotelicon
|[[Canid]]
|[[Gévaudan]] ([[Lozère]]), [[France]]
|[[File:Gevaudanwolf.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Bergman's bear]]
|God bear, irkuiem, ''Ursus arctos piscator''
|[[Bear]], proposed ''[[Short-faced bear|Arctodus simus]]''
|[[Kamchatka Peninsula]], [[Russia]]
|
|-
|[[Bessie (lake monster)|Bessie]]
|Lake Erie Monster
|[[Lake monster]]
|[[Lake Erie]], [[North America]]
|
|-
|[[Bigfoot]]
|[[Sasquatch]]
|[[Hominidae|Hominid]] or other [[primate]]
|United States and [[Canada]]
|[[File:Pie Grande.jpg|100px]]
|-
|[[Black Shuck]]
|Old Shuck
|[[Black dog (ghost)]]
|Coast of [[East Anglia]], [[England]]
|[[File:Blackdog.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Bownessie]]
|Lake Windermere Monster
|[[Lake monster]]
|[[Windermere]], [[England]], [[UK]]
|
|-
|[[British big cats]]
|Alien big cats (ABCs), [[phantom cat]]s, mystery cats, [[England|English]] lions,<br/>[[Beast of Bodmin]], [[Beast of Exmoor]]
|[[Carnivorous]] mammal
|[[Great Britain]]
|[[File:Lynx lynx.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Brosno Dragon]]
|Brosnya
|Lake monster
|[[Lake Brosno]], [[Russia]]
|
|-
|[[Bukit Timah Monkey Man]]
|BTM, BTMM
|Forest-dwelling [[Hominidae|hominid]] or other [[primate]]
|[[Singapore]]
|
|-
|[[Bunyip]]
|
|Lake and [[cave]] animal
|[[Australia]]
|[[File:Bunyip 1890.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Burmese gray wild dog]]
|Gray [[dhole]]
|[[Canidae|Canine]]
|[[Burma]]
|
|-
|[[Buru (cryptozoology)|Buru]]
|
|[[Reptile]] or giant [[lungfish]]
|[[Arunachal Pradesh]], [[India]]
|
|
|-
|-
|''{{sort|Cadborosaurus}}''{{sfn|Loxton|Prothero|2013|pp=261–295}}
|{{sort|Cadborosaurus|''[[Cadborosaurus]]''}}<ref>{{cite book |author=Loren Coleman & Jerome Clark |title=Cryptozoology A to Z: The Encyclopedia of Loch Monsters, Sasquatch, Chupacabras, and Other Authentic Mysteries of Nature |publisher=Simon and Schuster |year=1999 |isbn=0-684-85602-6}}</ref>
|Caddy
|Caddy
|Sea animal
|Sea animal
|[[Pacific Coast]] of [[North America]]
|Pacific Coast of North America
|[[Image:Cadborosaurus October 1937.jpg|155px]]
|[[File:Cadborosaurus October 1937.jpg|180px]]
|-
|-
|[[Champ (folklore)|Champ]]<ref name="EncyclopediaofPseudoscience">{{cite book|first1=Michael |last1=Shermer |first2=Pat |last2=Linse |title=The Skeptic Encyclopedia of Pseudoscience |volume=1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Gr4snwg7iaEC&pg=PA72 |date=November 2002 |page=72 |publisher=[[ABC-CLIO]] |isbn=9781576076538}}</ref>
|[[Canvey Island Monster]]
|Champy
|
|Fish, originally described as [[bipedal]]
|[[England]]
|
|-
|[[Champ (cryptozoology)|Champ]]
|{{sort|Champtanystropheus|''Champtanystropheus americanus''}}, Champy
|Lake monster
|Lake monster
|[[Lake Champlain]], [[North America]]
|[[Lake Champlain]], North America
|[[File:Artistic representation of Sandra Mansi's 1977 photograph of "Champ" lake monster.jpg|180px]]
|[[File:Artistic representation of Sandra Mansi's 1977 photograph of "Champ" lake monster.jpg|180px]]
|-
|-
|[[Cryptid whale|Cryptid Whales]]<ref>Mörzer Bruyns, W. F. J. (1971). Field guide of whales and dolphins. Rivonverhandeling. Tor. pp. 124–125. {{ISBN|978-90-70055-09-7}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.aquaticmammalsjournal.org/share/AquaticMammalsIssueArchives/1991/Aquatic_Mammals_17_1/17.1Raynal.pdf |title=Cetaceans with two dorsal fins |access-date=7 January 2023 |archive-date=13 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230413102436/https://www.aquaticmammalsjournal.org/share/AquaticMammalsIssueArchives/1991/Aquatic_Mammals_17_1/17.1Raynal.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|[[Chessie (sea monster)|Chessie]]
|Giglioli's Whale, Rhinoceros dolphin, High-finned sperm whale, Alula whale, Unidentified beaked whales
|
|Sea animal
|Sea animal
|Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean
|[[Atlantic]] Coast of the United States, especially [[Chesapeake Bay]]
|[[File:Amphiptera pacifica.jpg|frameless]]
|
|-
|-
|[[Dobhar-chú]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.irishcentral.com/irelands-hound-of-the-deep-dobhar-chu |title=Ireland's hound of deep - Dobhar Chu |publisher=[[Irish Central News]] |access-date=19 December 2018}}</ref>
|[[Chickcharney]]
|Water Hound, King Otter
|
|Extra-large [[otter]]-like [[carnivorous]] [[Aquatic animal|aquatic]] mammal
|[[Flightless bird]]
|Ireland
|[[Andros Island]] in [[The Bahamas]]
|[[File:Tyto pollens.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Chuchunya]]
|
|Large [[Hominidae|hominid]]
|[[Russia]]
|
|-
|[[Chupacabra]]
|Chupacabras (Brazilian Portuguese for goat-sucker)
|
|[[Puerto Rico]] (originally),<br />[[South America|South]] and [[Central America]],<br />Southern [[North America]]
|[[File:Chupacabras.JPG|100px]]
|-
|[[Dingonek]]
|Jungle walrus
|A [[walrus]] or otherwise tusked water-animal that reportedly lives in the heart of [[Africa]]
|[[West Africa|Western Africa]]
|
|-
|[[De Loys' Ape]]
|''Ameranthropoides loysi''
|[[Primate]]
|Near the [[Tarra River]], [[Colombia]]
|[[File:De Loys' Ape.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Dewey Lake Monster]]
|"Michigan Bigfoot," "Sisters Lakes Bigfoot"
|primate
|[[Sister Lakes]], [[Dowagiac]], [[Michigan]], USA
|[[File:The_Dewey_Lake_Monster_(1).jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Devil Bird]]
|Ulama
|Bird
|[[Sri Lanka]]
|
|-
|[[Dobhar-chú]]
|Water Hound
|Extra-large [[otter]]-like [[carnivorous]] [[aquatic animal|aquatic]] mammal
|[[Ireland]]
|[[File:Dobhar-chu encounter.jpg|180px]]
|[[File:Dobhar-chu encounter.jpg|180px]]
|-
|-
|[[Gloucester sea serpent]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nicaise |first=Alexander |date=2019-09-05 |title=Gloucester Sea-Serpent Mystery: Solved after Two Centuries {{!}} Skeptical Inquirer |url=https://skepticalinquirer.org/2019/09/gloucester-sea-serpent-mystery-solved-after-two-centuries/ |access-date=2023-09-25 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|[[Dover Demon]]
|
|
|Large serpent
|[[Bipedal]], alleged [[Extraterrestrial life|extraterrestrial]]
|Gloucester, Cape Ann
|[[Dover, Massachusetts|Dover]], [[Massachusetts]], United States
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Iemisch]]<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gilmore |first=David D. |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/802059457 |title=Monsters : evil beings, mythical beasts, and all manner of imaginary terrors |date=2003 |publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press |isbn=978-0-8122-0322-6 |location=Philadelphia |oclc=802059457}}</ref>
|[[Eastern cougar]]
|Iemisch Listai
|''[[North American cougar|Puma concolor couguar]]''
|Mix of a jaguar and otter
|[[Felidae|Felid]] [[predator]]
|[[Patagonia]]
|[[Eastern United States]]
|[[Image:EasternCougar.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Ebu Gogo]]
|
|Small [[primate]], possible early [[Hominidae|hominid]]
|[[Flores]], [[Indonesia]]
|
|-
|[[Elwetritsch]]
|<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.phactual.com/7-cryptids-you-might-not-be-familiar-with/ | title=7 cryptids you might not be familiar with | accessdate=28 June 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/claytonpress/2018/03/08/oliver-laric-year-of-the-dog-at-metro-pictures-new-york/#75c82e9d75c8 | title=Cryptozoology, the study of hidden animals | publisher=Forbes | accessdate=28 June 2018}}</ref>
|Mammal
|[[Germany]]
|[[File:Elwetritschen-Brunnen in Neustadt 09.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Enfield Monster]]
|
|Three legs, short body, two little short arms with claws, grayish epidermis and big reddish eyes
|[[Enfield, Illinois|Enfield]], [[Illinois]], United States
|
|-
|[[Ennedi tiger]]
|Hadjel, Gassingram, Vossoko, Mourou N'gou, Mamaimé, Dilali, [[saber-toothed cat]]
|[[Carnivorous]] mammal
|[[Chad]]
|[[File:Ennedi tiger.svg|180px]]
|-
|[[Am Fear Liath Mòr]]
|Fear Liath, Big Grey Man of Ben MacDhui, Greyman
|[[Primate]]; possible [[humanoid]]
|[[Scotland]]
|
|-
|[[Fiskerton Phantom]]
|
|[[Phantom cat]]/bear
|[[Fiskerton, Lincolnshire]], [[UK]]
|
|-
|[[Flying rod]]
|Skyfish, rod, sky squid
|[[Photography|Photographic]] [[artifact (error)|artifact]]
|Worldwide
|[[File:Moths attracted by floodlight.jpg|180px|Long exposure photograph of moths showing exaggerated rod effect]]
|-
|[[Fouke Monster]]
|Jonesville Monster, Southern Sasquatch, Boggy Creek Monster
|[[Hominidae|Hominid]] or other [[primate]]
|[[Arkansas]], United States
|
|-
|[[Loup-garou|Garou]]
|Loup Garou, Cajun werewolf
|[[Wolf]]-like creature
|[[Louisiana]], United States
|
|-
|[[Gazeka]]
|
|Mammal
|[[Papua New Guinea]]
|
|-
|[[Gambo]]
|
|Sea animal
|[[Gambia]]
|[[File:Gambo.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Ghost deer]]
|
|Large deer, supposedly impervious to bullets
|Northern [[California]], [[United States]]
|
|-
|[[Giant anaconda]]
|Megaconda
|Giant [[snake]]
|[[South America]]
|[[File:Eunectes murinus.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Giglioli's Whale]]
|{{sort|Amphiptera pacifica|''Amphiptera pacifica''}}
|Sea animal
|Off [[Chile]], [[Scotland]], and [[France]] (in the [[Mediterranean Sea]])
|[[File:Amphiptera pacifica.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Globster]]
|Blob
|[[Putrefaction|Decaying]] sea animal
|[[Australia]], [[New Zealand]], and the [[Caribbean]]
|[[File:St augustine carcass.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Sea serpent#Notable cases|Gloucester sea serpent]]
|''Scoliophis atlanticus''
|[[Sea serpent]]
|[[Massachusetts]], United States
|
|-
|[[Gnome of Gerona]]
|[[Goblin]]
|Small [[humanoid]]
|[[Girona]], [[Spain]]
|[[File:Gnomo de Gerona.svg|80px]]
|-
|[[Goatman (Maryland)|Goatman]]
|The Maryland Goatman, Chevo Man
|[[Bipedal]]
|[[Wisconsin]], [[Maryland]], and [[Kentucky]], United States
|
|-
|[[Grassman]]
|Kenmore Grassman, Ohio Grassman
|[[Bigfoot]]-like [[primate]]
|[[Kenmore, Akron, Ohio|Kenmore, Akron]], [[Ohio]], and eastern [[Iowa]], both in the United States
|
|-
|[[Hakawai]]
|Hokioi
|[[Myth]]ological bird heard but not seen
|[[New Zealand]]
|[[File:Coenocorypha pusilla.jpg|180px|''[[Chatham snipe ]]'']]
|-
|[[Hellhound]]
|Barghest, Black Shuck, Dip, Gwyllgi, Gytrash
|Large, black, spectral hound with red eyes
|Worldwide
|
|-
|[[Hibagon]]
|Hinagon
|[[Primate]]
|[[Japan]]
|<!-- Commented out: [[File:Itoshi no Hinagon (book cover).jpg|180px]] -->
|-
|[[Hodag]]
|The Dag; Nasobatilus
|[[Carnivorous]] mammal/[[lizard]]
|[[Rhinelander, Wisconsin]], United States
|[[File:Hodag 002.jpg|180px]]
|-
|{{sort|Homo gardarensis|''[[Homo gardarensis]]''}}
|
|[[Hominidae|Hominid]] ([[acromegalic]] ''[[Homo sapiens]]''?)
|[[Greenland]]
|
|-
|[[Honey Island Swamp monster]]
|Letiche, Tainted Keitre
|[[Hominidae|Hominid]] or other [[primate]]
|[[Louisiana]], United States
|
|-
|[[Hoop snake]]
|
|[[Snake]]
|United States/[[Australia]]
|
|-
|[[Huay Chivo]]
|Huaychivo
|[[Carnivorous]] mammal
|[[Yucatán (state)|Yucatán]], [[Campeche]], and [[Quintana Roo]], [[Mexico]]
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Igopogo]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Welcome to Ogopogo Country - Canada's Lake Creature |url=https://epe.lac-bac.gc.ca/100/205/301/ic/cdc/ogopogo/lake_creature/igopogo.html |access-date=2024-10-22 |website=epe.lac-bac.gc.ca}}</ref>
|[[Igopogo]]
|Kempenfelt Kelly
|Kempenfelt Kelly
|Lake monster
|Lake monster
|[[Lake Simcoe]], [[Ontario]] ([[Canada]])
|[[Lake Simcoe, Ontario]] (Canada)
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Labynkyr Lake|Labynkyr Devil]]<ref name="Live Science 2013">{{cite web |last1=Lallanilla |first1=Marc |title=Reports Surface of Monster Lurking in Russian Lake |url=https://www.livescience.com/26836-lake-labynkyr-devil-vorota-monster.html |website=livescience.com |publisher=[[Live Science]] |access-date=21 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210929190942/https://www.livescience.com/26836-lake-labynkyr-devil-vorota-monster.html |archive-date=29 September 2021 |date=4 February 2013}}</ref><ref name="Divers prepare">{{cite web |title=Divers preparing for icy waters of Russia's 'Loch Ness' |url=https://siberiantimes.com/other/others/features/divers-preparing-for-icy-waters-of-russias-loch-ness/ |website=siberiantimes.com |publisher=[[The Siberian Times]] |access-date=21 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210128145319/https://siberiantimes.com/other/others/features/divers-preparing-for-icy-waters-of-russias-loch-ness/ |archive-date=28 January 2021 |date=5 March 2014}}</ref><ref name="meet the creature">{{cite web |title=Meet the creature found by divers in Russia's Loch Ness, famed for legends of monsters |url=https://siberiantimes.com/other/others/features/meet-the-creature-found-by-divers-in-russias-loch-ness-famed-for-legends-of-monsters/ |website=siberiantimes.com |publisher=[[The Siberian Times]] |access-date=21 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211108191737/https://siberiantimes.com/other/others/features/meet-the-creature-found-by-divers-in-russias-loch-ness-famed-for-legends-of-monsters/ |archive-date=8 November 2021 |date=21 April 2014}}</ref>
|[[Iliamna Lake Monster]]
|Labynkyrsky Chert{{citation needed|date=March 2023}}
|
|Lake monster. It is most likely a giant [[white sturgeon]], though some reports have compared it to a [[shark]] or a [[whale]]
|[[Lake Iliamna]], [[Alaska]]
|[[File:Acipenser transmontanus1.jpg|180px|White sturgeon]]
|-
|[[Inkanyamba]]
|
|Lake monster
|Lake monster
|[[Oymyakonsky Ulus]], [[Sakha Republic]], Russia
|[[Africa]]
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Loch Ness Monster]]<ref name=bbctravel />
|[[Isshii]]
|Nessie
|[[Issie]]
|Lake monster
|Lake monster
|[[Japan]]
|[[Loch Ness]], Scotland
|[[File:Lochneska poboba museumofnessie (cropped).jpg|180px|Sculpture of the Loch Ness monster as a plesiosaurus]]
|
|-
|-
|[[Loveland Frog]]<ref>{{Skeptoid|id=4473|number=473|date=30 June 2015|last=Haupt|first=R.|title=The Loveland Frog|accessdate=1 September 2021}}</ref>
|[[Ivory-billed woodpecker]]
|Loveland frogman, Loveland lizard
|''Campephilus principalis''
|Humanoid frog
|Bird
|[[Loveland, Ohio]]
|Southeastern United States and [[Cuba]]
|[[Image:Ivory-billed Woodpecker by Jerry A. Payne.jpg|180px]]
|[[File:Loveland frog.png|180px]]
|-
|-
|[[Manipogo]]<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bernhardt |first=Darren |title=Keep your camera handy: Stories of Manitoba lake monsters told for centuries but proof remains elusive |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/lake-monster-manipogo-winnipogo-1.4681105 |access-date=June 29, 2024 |work=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]]}}</ref>
|[[Jba Fofi]]
|Winnipogo
|Great Spider
|Large [[spider]]-like creature
|[[Central Africa]]
|
|-
|[[Jackalope]]
|Antelabbit, aunt benny, Wyoming thistled hare, stagbunny
|[[Herbivorous]] mammal
|[[North America]]
|[[File:Rabbit shopes papilloma virus 3.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Jersey Devil]]
|Leeds Devil
|[[Wing]]ed [[bipedal]] [[horse]]
|United States, mainly the [[South Jersey]] [[Pine Barrens (New Jersey)|Pine Barrens]], as well as other parts of [[New Jersey]] and southeastern [[Pennsylvania]]
|[[File:Jersey Devil Philadelphia Post 1909.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Kingstie]]
|Lake George Monster
|Lake monster
|Lake monster
|[[Lake Ontario]], [[North America]]
|[[Lake Manitoba]], Canada
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Megalodon#In popular culture|Megalodon (surviving populations)]]<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Guimont |first=Edward |date=2021-10-05 |title=The Megalodon: A Monster of the New Mythology |url=https://journal.media-culture.org.au/index.php/mcjournal/article/view/2793 |journal=M/C Journal |language=en |volume=24 |issue=5 |doi=10.5204/mcj.2793 |s2cid=241813307 |issn=1441-2616|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite news
|[[Kongamato]]
| last=Rouner| first=Jef |date=8 August 2013 |title=Prominent Cryptozoologists Denounce 'Megalodon: The Monster Shark Lives'|url=https://www.houstonpress.com/arts/prominent-cryptozoologists-denounce-megalodon-the-monster-shark-lives-6363740?showFullText=true |work=Houston Press |access-date=31 October 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://animals.howstuffworks.com/extinct-animals/megalodon.htm |title=How Megalodon Worked |last=Montgomery |first=Joy |date=7 June 2024|website=How Stuff Works |access-date=31 October 2024|quote=Most scientists, paleontologists and other experts believe from the fossil evidence that megalodon became extinct over 2 million years ago during the Plio-Pleistocene period, but some cryptozoologists and researchers think that this giant shark may still exist in the undiscovered depths of the ocean… Proponents of the theory of megalodon's continued existence often point to eyewitness accounts to debate the possibility of the species' survival. Occasionally, a report will surface about a large, unidentified shark in the ocean, but those accounts have been mostly discounted as tall tales. Some researchers say that the discovery of new, unfossilized teeth proves that megalodon lives, but zoologist and cryptozoology expert Ben Speers-Roesch explains that these reports are erroneous and ignore the fact that no truly unfossilized teeth have ever belonged to megalodon.}}</ref>
|
|''Otodus megalodon''{{Efn|''Otodus'' is the currently accepted [[genus]] name for megalodon. Older sources refer to the genus as ''Carcharodon'', ''Carcharocles'', and several other names.}}
|[[Pterosaur]]/bird/[[bat]]
|Giant prehistoric shark
|[[Kenya]]
|Oceans
|[[File:Kongamato.png|180px]]
|[[File:Otodus megalodon restoration.png|284x284px]]
|-
|-
|[[Mokele-mbembe]]{{sfn|Loxton|Prothero|2013|pp=187–188}}
|[[Koolakamba]]
|Ape hybrid, KoolooKamba
|A cross between a chimpanzee and a gorilla
|[[West Africa]]
|
|
|Dinosaur (lake, river and/or swamp monster)
|[[Republic of the Congo]]
|[[File:Mokele-mbembe_ill_artlibre_jnl.png|180px]]
|-
|-
|[[Morgawr (folklore)|Morgawr]] <ref>James, R. M. (2022). MORGAWR AND THE FOLKLORESQUE: (A study of a whopping fish tale). ''Shima'', ''16''(2), 160–172. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.21463/shima.123</nowiki></ref>
|[[Kraken]]
|
|
|Sea animal
|Sea serpent
|[[Falmouth Bay]]
|World's oceans
|[[File:Colossal octopus by Pierre Denys de Montfort.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Kting Voar]]
|Holy Goat, Snake-eating Cow, Khting Vor, Linh Duong, ''Pseudonovibos spiralis''
|[[Herbivorous]] mammal
|[[Vietnam]] and [[Cambodia]]
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Ogopogo]]<ref name="EncyclopediaofPseudoscience" />
|[[Kumi Lizard]]/Ngarara
|N'ha•a•itk, Naitaka
|
|[[Reptile]]: giant [[monitor lizard]]
|[[New Zealand]]
|
|-
|[[Kusshii]]
|
|Lake monster
|Lake monster
|[[Lake Okanagan]], Canada
|[[Japan]]
|[[File:OgoPogo crop.jpg|180px]]
|
|-
|-
|[[Sea serpent]]s{{sfn|Loxton|Prothero|2013|pp=228–326}}
|[[Lagarfljót Worm]]
|lagarfljóts ormurinn
|Lake monster
|[[Iceland]]
|
|
|Sea animals, dinosaurs
|All bodies of water
|[[File:Soe Orm 1555.jpg|180px]]
|-
|-
|[[Selma (lake monster)|Selma]]<ref>{{Cite news |last=Botsford |first=Flora |date=1999-08-31 |title=Secret life of the Norwegian Nessie |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/1999/sep/01/4 |access-date=2024-06-30 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
|[[Lake Tianchi Monster]]
|Seljordsormen
|Lake Chonji Monster
|Lake monster
|Lake monster
|[[China]] and [[North Korea]]
|Lake [[Seljord]], [[Telemark]], [[Norway]]
|{{center|[[File:Seljord komm.svg|100px]]}}
|
|-
|-
|[[Steller's sea ape]]<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Nickell |first=Joe |date=Winter 2016–2017 |title=Steller's Sea Ape: Identifying an Eighteenth-Century Cryptid |url=https://www.csicop.org/sb/show/stellers_sea_ape_identifying_an_eighteenth-century_cryptid |magazine=Skeptical Briefs |publisher=Committee for Skeptical Inquiry |volume=26 |issue=4}}</ref>
|[[Lake Van Monster]]
|Monster of Lake Van
|Lake monster
|[[Turkey]]
|
|
|Sea animal
|Pacific Ocean
|{{center|[[File:Animal drawings collected by Felix Platter, p1 - (31).jpg|upright|180px]]}}
|}

=== Terrestrial ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|- style="background:#115a6c;"
! Name
! Other names
! Description
! Purported location
! Depiction
|-
|-
|[[British big cats]]<ref name="forbes">{{cite web |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/duncanmadden/2018/11/16/fantastic-cryptids-and-where-to-find-them/#6b1949ed1d99 |title=Fantastic Cryptids And Where To Find Them |work=[[Forbes]] |access-date=18 December 2018}}</ref>
|[[Lake Worth Monster]]
|Alien big cats (ABCs), [[phantom cat]]s, mystery cats, English lions,<br />[[Beast of Bodmin]], [[Beast of Exmoor]]
|Lake Worth Goatman, Texas Bigfoot
|[[Carnivorous]] mammal
|[[Carnivorous]] mammal
|Great Britain
|[[Texas]], United States
|[[File:Felicity Inverness Museum.JPG|180px]]
|-
|[[Chupacabra]]<ref name="PseudoscienceACriticalEncyclopedia">{{cite book|first=Brian |last=Regal |title=Pseudoscience: A Critical Encyclopedia: A Critical Encyclopedia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c6PACQAAQBAJ |date=15 October 2009 |publisher=[[ABC-CLIO]] |isbn=978-0-313-35508-0}}</ref>
|Chupacabras (Spanish for goat-sucker)
|
|
|[[Puerto Rico]] (originally),<br />South and Central America,<br />Southern North America
|[[File:Chupacabra (artist's rendition).jpg|180px]]
|-
|-
|[[Dover Demon]]<ref>{{cite news|last=Sullivan |first=Mark |title=Decades later, the Dover Demon still haunts |url=http://www.boston.com/news/local/articles/2006/10/29/decades_later_the_dover_demon_still_haunts |access-date=6 August 2021 |newspaper=[[The Boston Globe]] |date=29 October 2006}}</ref>
|[[Lariosauro]]
|
|Como Lake Monster
|
|Water [[reptile]]
|[[Dover, Massachusetts]]
|[[Italy]]
|[[Image:Lariosaurus BW.jpg|180px]]
|[[File:Dover Demon.png|187x187px]]
|-
|-
|[[Lizard Man of Scape Ore Swamp]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Laycock |first1=Joseph P. |title=A Search for Mysteries and Monsters in Small Town America |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/travel/monster-festival-pilgrimage-small-town-america-180969568/ |website=[[Smithsonian Magazine]] |access-date=18 March 2021 |language=en |date=11 July 2018}}</ref>
|[[Lizard Man of Scape Ore Swamp]]
|Lizard Man of Lee County
|Lizard Man of Lee County
|[[Bipedal]]
|[[Bipedal]]
Line 611: Line 169:
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Mapinguari]]<ref>{{Cite journal |date=2006-04-01 |title=Twilight of the mammoths: Ice Age extinctions and the rewilding of America |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/choice.43-4679 |journal=Choice Reviews Online |volume=43 |issue=8 |pages=43–4679-43-4679 |doi=10.5860/choice.43-4679 |issn=0009-4978}}</ref>
|[[Loch Ness Monster]]
|Mapinguary
|Nessie, ''Nessiteras rhombopteryx''
|Giant Ground Sloth or primate
|Lake monster
|Amazons
|[[Loch Ness]], [[Scotland]]
|[[File:Megatherium americanum by sphenaphinae.png|frameless]]
|
|-
|-
|[[Michigan Dogman]]<ref name=SWtD>{{Skeptoid|id=4477|number=477|date=28 July 2015|last=Hudson|first=Alison|title=Wag the Dogman|accessdate=22 June 2017}}</ref>
|[[Loveland Frog]]
|Loveland Lizard
|[[Bipedal]] [[lizard]] or [[frog]], allegedly first seen in [[Loveland, Ohio]]
|[[Ohio]], United States
|[[File:Loveland frog.png|180px]]
|-
|[[Lukwata]]
|
|
|Humanoid [[dog]]
|Lake monster
|[[African Great Lakes]]
|[[Wexford County, Michigan]]
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Mongolian death worm]]<ref>{{Cite web |author1=Benjamin Radford |date=2014-06-21 |title=Mongolian Death Worm: Elusive Legend of the Gobi Desert |url=https://www.livescience.com/46450-mongolian-death-worm.html |access-date=2023-10-22 |website=livescience.com |language=en}}</ref>
|[[Lusca]]
|[[Gigantic octopus]]
|Large [[octopus]]
|World's oceans
|
|-
|[[MacFarlane's bear]]
|''Ursus inopinatus''
|[[Carnivorous]] mammal, possibly a [[grizzly-polar bear hybrid]]
|[[Canada]]
|
|-
|[[Maero]]
|Mohoao
|[[Cannibalism|Cannibalistic]] [[Hominidae|hominids]] in [[Māori mythology]]
|[[New Zealand]]
|
|-
|[[Mahamba]]
|
|Giant [[crocodile]]
|[[Lake Tele]] [[swamp]] region, [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]]
|
|-
|[[Maltese tiger]]
|Blue tiger
|[[Carnivorous]] mammal
|[[China]]
|[[File:Maltese Tiger.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Mamlambo]]
|
|Lake monster
|[[South Africa]]
|
|-
|[[Man-eating trees]] <ref>{{cite book|title=TIME-LIFE Mysteries of the Unknown: Inside the World of the Strange and Unexplained|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZjolCwAAQBAJ|accessdate=14 May 2018|date=2015-12-15|publisher=Time Inc. Books|isbn=9781618933003}}</ref><ref name="McGrath">{{cite web|url=https://www.salon.com/2013/10/19/these_7_creatures_are_the_worlds_greatest_imaginary_animals_partner/|title=The world’s greatest imaginary animals|last=McGrath|first=Timothy|date=19 October 2013|work=[[Salon (website)|Salon]]|accessdate=14 May 2018}}</ref><ref name="Shuker2014">{{cite book|last=Shuker|first=Karl|title=The Beasts That Hide from Man: Seeking the World's Last Undiscovered Animals|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QNFR4xHHIegC|accessdate=14 May 2018|date=2014-06-12|publisher=Cosimo, Inc.|isbn=9781616406219|pages=108–114}}</ref>
|Madagascar tree, Nubian tree, Yateveo, Vampire vine
|Carnivorous tree
|[[Africa]] and [[Central America]]
|[[File:The ya-te-veo.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Manatee of Helena]]
|
|[[Manatee]]
|[[Saint Helena]]
|
|-
|[[Mande Barung]]
|Mande Burung, Indian Yeti
|[[Humanoid]]
|North East [[India]], [[Bangladesh]]
|
|-
|[[Manipogo]]
|Winnipogo
|Lake monster
|[[Lake Manitoba]], [[Canada]]
|
|-
|[[Mapinguari]]
|
|[[Herbivorous]] mammal
|[[Amazon rainforest]]
|
|-
|[[Maricoxi]]
|
|[[Primate]]
|[[South America]]
|
|-
|[[Marozi]]
|Spotted lion, ''Panthera leo maculatus''
|[[Lion]]-like [[felid]]
|[[Africa]]
|
|-
|[[Megalodon]]
|''Carcharodon megalodon'', ''Carcharocles megalodon''
|Giant [[shark]]
|World's oceans
|[[File:Carcharodon megalodon SI.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Melon heads]]
|
|[[Humanoid]]s with enlarged heads
|[[Allegan County, Michigan|Allegan County]] woods, [[Michigan]], and parts of [[Ohio]] and [[Connecticut]], United States
|
|-
|[[Memphre]]
|Memphré, Lake Memphremagog Monster
|Lake monster
|[[Lake Memphremagog]] (United States and [[Canada]])
|
|-
|[[Menehune]]
|
|[[Primate]]
|[[Hawaii]], United States
|
|-
|[[Mermaid]]
|
|Human-fish
|All five oceans and several seas
|[[Image:Waterhouse a mermaid.jpg|100px]]
|-
|[[Merman]]
|
|Human-fish
|All five oceans and several seas
|[[File:MermenLubok.jpg|100px]]
|-
|[[Michigan Dogman]]
|Wolfman of [[Wexford County, Michigan|Wexford County]]
|Carnivorous mammal
|[[Michigan]], United States
|
|-
|[[Minhocão (animal)|Minhocão]]
|Big Earthworm
|[[Caecilian]]
|[[South America]]
|[[File:Minhocao-cryptid.png|180px]]
|-
|[[Milton lizard]]
|
|Giant [[Monitor lizard|monitor lizard-like]] [[lizard]]
|[[Trimble County]], [[Kentucky]]
|
|-
|[[Minnesota Iceman]]
|{{sort|Homo pongoides|''Homo pongoides''}}
|[[Primate]]
|[[Minnesota]], United States
|
|-
|[[Mitla (cryptid)|Mitla]]
|Fawcett's zorro or Fawcett's cat
|[[Carnivorous]] mammal
|[[Bolivia]]n [[rainforest]]
|
|-
|[[Mngwa]]
|Nunda
|[[Carnivorous]] mammal
|[[Tanzania]]
|
|-
|[[Moehau]]
|Maeroero, The Hairy Moehau, The Moehau Monster
|[[Primate]]
|[[New Zealand]]
|
|-
|[[Mogollon Monster]]
|Mug-ee-yun Monster
|[[Bipedal]] [[primate]]
|[[Mogollon Rim]], [[Arizona]], United States
|
|-
|[[Mokele-Mbembe]]
|
|[[Reptile]]/[[Living dinosaur (cryptozoology)|dinosaur]]
|[[Republic of the Congo]]
|[[File:Mokele-mbembe ill artlibre jnl.png|180px]]
|-
|[[Momo the Monster]]
|Missouri Monster
|[[Primate]]
|[[Missouri]], United States
|
|-
|[[Mongolian Death Worm]]
|Allghoi (or orghoi) khorkhoi
|Allghoi (or orghoi) khorkhoi
|[[Worm]]-like animal
|[[Worm]]-like animal
|[[Gobi Desert]] ([[Asia]])
|[[Gobi Desert]] (Asia)
|[[File:Allghoikhorkhoi.jpg|180px]]
|[[File:Allghoikhorkhoi.jpg|180px]]
|-
|-
|[[Nandi bear]]<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Simpson |first=George Gaylord |date=1984 |title=Mammals and Cryptozoology |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/986487 |journal=Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society |volume=128 |issue=1 |pages=1–19 |jstor=986487 |issn=0003-049X}}</ref>
|[[Monkey-man of Delhi]]
|Chemosit, Kerit, Koddoelo, Ngoelo, Ngoloko, Duba
|Black Monkey
|Large carnivore
|Big black [[monkey]]
|Eastern Africa
|[[Old Delhi]], [[India]]
|[[File:Nandi bear 1961 (cropped).png|180px]]
|
|-
|-
|[[Queensland tiger|Queensland Tiger]]<ref>{{Cite book |last=Smith |first=Malcolm |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36719441 |title=Bunyips & bigfoots : in search of Australia's mystery animals |date=1996 |publisher=Millennium Books |isbn=1-86429-081-1 |location=Alexandria, NSW |oclc=36719441}}</ref>
|[[Mono Grande]]
|Yarri
|
|Large feline
|[[Hominidae|Hominid]]
|[[South America]]
|[[Queensland]]
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Thylacine#Searches and unconfirmed sightings|Thylacine (surviving original populations)]]<ref>Nickell, J., & RANDI, J. (2004). Cryptids “Down Under.” In ''The Mystery Chronicles: More Real-Life X-Files'' (pp. 289–295). University Press of Kentucky. <nowiki>http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt2tv62q.39</nowiki></ref><ref>Crane, K. (2012). ''Myths of wilderness in contemporary narratives : Environmental postcolonialism in australia and canada''. (pp.145) Palgrave Macmillan</ref>{{Efn|There is an ongoing [[de-extinction]] project to revive the species through genome editing, this entry refers to the possibility of surviving populations.}}
|[[Montauk Monster]]
|Tasmanian tiger. Tasmanian wolf
|Mounty
|Carnivorous marsupial
|Small, decomposed quadruped carcass
|[[Australia]]
|[[Montauk, New York|Montauk]], [[Long Island]], United States
[[Papua New Guinea]]
|
|[[File:Curl up Thylacinus cynocephalus.jpg|177x177px]]
|}

====[[Hominid]]====
{{See also|Wild man}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|- style="background:#115a6c;"
! Name
! Other names
! Description
! Purported location
! Depiction
|-
|-
|[[Almas (cryptozoology)|Almas]]<ref name="EncyclopediaofPseudoscience" />
|[[Morag (lake monster)|Morag]]
|Abnauayu, almasty, albasty, bekk-bok,<br />biabin-guli, golub-yavan, gul-biavan, auli-avan,<br />kaptar, kra-dhun, ksy-giik, ksy-gyik, ochokochi,<br />mirygdy, mulen, voita, wind-man, Zana
|
|Non-human [[ape]] or [[Hominidae|hominid]]
|Lake monster
|[[Scotland]]
|Asia/[[Caucasus]]
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Amomongo]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.abs-cbn.com/classified-odd/06/16/08/amomongo-frightens-villagers-negros |title='Amomongo' frightens villagers in Negros |work=ABS-CBN News|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227150037/http://news.abs-cbn.com/classified-odd/06/16/08/amomongo-frightens-villagers-negros |archive-date=27 February 2017 }}</ref>
|[[Morgawr (folklore)|Morgawr]]
|Orang Mawas, Impakta
|
|[[Ape]] or [[Hominidae|hominid]]
|Sea Serpert
|[[Negros Occidental]], Philippines
|[[Cornwall]]
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Barmanou]]{{citation needed|date=March 2023}}
|[[Mothman]]
|Barmanu, Big Hairy One
|Popularized by John A. Keel's book ''[[The Mothman Prophecies]]''
|[[Ape]] or [[Hominidae|hominid]]
|Winged [[bipedal]]
|Middle East/Asia
|[[Mason County, West Virginia|Mason County]], [[West Virginia]], United States
|[[File:Mothman Artist's Impression.png|180px]]
|-
|[[Mountain fennec]]
|
|[[Fox]]
|Southern [[Algeria]] and northern [[Chad]], in the central [[Sahara]] mountains
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Bigfoot]]{{sfn|Loxton|Prothero|2013|pp=29–70}}
|[[Muckie]]
|Sasquatch
|
|Large and hairy ape-like creature
|Lake monster
|United States and Canada
|[[Lakes of Killarney]], [[Ireland]]
|[[File:Pie Grande.jpg|180px]]
|
|-
|-
|[[Bukit Timah Monkey Man]]<ref name="CNA">{{cite web |url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/lifestyle/on-the-hunt-for-the-elusive-bukit-timah-monkey-man-9816486 |title=On the hunt for the elusive Bukit Timah Monkey Man |publisher=[[Channel NewsAsia]] |access-date=18 December 2018 |archive-date=30 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181030131239/https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/lifestyle/on-the-hunt-for-the-elusive-bukit-timah-monkey-man-9816486 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|[[Muc-sheilche]]
|BTM, BTMM
|
|Forest-dwelling [[Hominidae|hominid]] or other [[primate]]
|Lake monster
|[[Scotland]]
|[[Singapore]]
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Chatawa, Mississippi|Chatawa Monster]]<ref name=EJ>{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/enterprise-journal-1985-article-on-cha/14157972/?locale=en-US|work=Enterprise-Journal|page=19|title=Chatawa—Indians weren't kidding about the sparkling water|date=September 18, 1985|accessdate=October 12, 2024|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}} {{Open access}}</ref><ref name=WJTV>{{cite news |last1=Grayson |first1=Walt |title=Focused on Mississippi: Chatawa Monster |url=https://www.wjtv.com/living-local/focused-on-mississippi/focused-on-mississippi-chatawa-monster/ |access-date=October 12, 2024 |work=WJTV |date=July 17, 2020}}</ref>
|[[Mussie]]
|
|
|Large ape-like creature
|Lake monster
|[[Ontario]], [[Canada]]
|[[Mississippi]], United States
|[[File:Mussie sighting.png|180px]]
|-
|[[Nahuelito]]
|[[Nahuel Huapi Lake]] Monster
|Lake monster
|[[Nahuel Huapi Lake]], [[Argentina]]
|[[File:Nahuelito.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Nandi Bear]]
|Chemosit, Chimiset, Chimisit, Duba, Engargiya, Gadett, Ikimizi, Kerit, Kikambangwe, Kikomba, Koddoelo, Ngoloko, Sabrookoo, Shivuverre
|[[Carnivorous]] mammal
|[[Africa]]
|[[File:Nandibear.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Nguma-monene]]
|
|
|[[Reptile]], proposed [[Living dinosaur (cryptozoology)|dinosaur]]
|[[Republic of the Congo]]
|[[File:Nguma-monene.png|180px]]
|-
|-
|[[Chuchunya]]<ref name="Bigfootandbeyond">{{cite news |last=O'Carroll |first=Eoin |date=28 September 2018 |title=Bigfoot and beyond: Why tales of wild men endure |url=https://www.csmonitor.com/Science/2018/0928/Bigfoot-and-beyond-Why-tales-of-wild-men-endure |work=The [[Christian Science Monitor]] |access-date=11 December 2018}}</ref>
|[[Ogopogo]]
|N'ha•a•itk, Naitaka
|Lake monster
|[[Lake Okanagan]], [[Canada]]
|[[File:OgoPogo crop.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Old Yellow Top]]
|
|
|Large [[Hominidae|hominid]]
|[[Primate]]
|Russia
|[[Canada]]
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Fouke Monster]]<ref>{{Skeptoid|id=4404|number=404|date=4 March 2014|last=Dunning|first=B.|title=The Boggy Creek Monster|accessdate=1 September 2021}}</ref><ref name="30pl">{{cite news |first=Sunni |last=Thibodeau |title=The Fouke Monster 30 Years Later: Ex-journalists recall sifting fact from Fouke fiction after sighting |url=http://texarkanagazette.com/articles/2001/06/24/export15709.txt |work=Texarkana Gazette |date=24 June 2001 |access-date=31 October 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030803215531/http://texarkanagazette.com/articles/2001/06/24/export15709.txt |archive-date=3 August 2003}}</ref>
|[[Olitiau]]
|Jonesville Monster, Southern Sasquatch, Boggy Creek Monster
|
|Winged animal: [[bat]] or flying [[reptile]]
|[[Hominidae|Hominid]] or other [[primate]]
|[[Arkansas]], United States
|[[Cameroon]]
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Honey Island Swamp monster]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Frances |first1=Leary |title=The Honey Island Swamp Monster: The Development and Maintenance of Folk and Commodified Belief Tradition |date=December 2003 |issue=[[Memorial University of Newfoundland]] |pages=4–6 |url=https://research.library.mun.ca/10863/1/Leary_Frances.pdf |access-date=18 March 2021}}</ref>
|[[Onza]]
|Letiche, Tainted Keitre
|
|[[Hominidae|Hominid]] or other [[primate]]
|Big [[felid]]: possibly a new species of [[cougar]]
|[[Louisiana]], United States
|[[Latin America]]
|[[File:MountainLion.jpg|180px|alt=[[Cougar]]]]
|-
|[[Orang-bati]]
|
|[[Bipedal]]
|[[Indonesia]]
|
|-
|[[Orang Mawas]]
|Mawas, Orang Dalam, Hantu Jarang Gigi
|[[Primate]]
|[[Malaysia]]
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Orang Pendek]]
|[[Orang Pendek]]
|
|
|Small hominid
|[[Primate]], has been associated with ''[[Homo floresiensis]]''
|[[Sumatra]]
|[[Sumatra]]
|[[File:Orang Pendek.png|180px]]
|[[File:Orang Pendek.png|209x209px]]
|-
|-
|[[Nittaewo]]<ref name=":0" />
|[[Owlman]]
|Nittevo
|Cornish Owlman, Owlman of Mawnan
|Small hominids
|Human-[[owl]]
|Sri Lanka
|[[England]]
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Skunk ape]]<ref name="CalebRousseau"/>
|[[Ozark Howler]]
|Ozark Black Howler
|[[Carnivorous]] mammal
|[[Arkansas]], [[Missouri]], [[Oklahoma]], and [[Texas]], United States
|
|-
|''[[Panthera tigris sudanensis]]''
|
|Big [[felid]]: possibly a new species of [[tiger]]
|[[Cairo]], [[Egypt]]
|
|-
|[[Peluda]]
|Shaggy Beast, La Velue
|A [[dragon]]-like beast with a [[porcupine]]-like body, a [[snake]]'s neck, head, and tail, large [[tortoise]]-like feet, and a green color
|[[La Ferté-Bernard]], [[France]]
|
|-
|[[Phantom cat]]
|Alien Big Cats (ABCs)
|[[Carnivorous]] mammal
|Worldwide
|
|-
|[[Phantom kangaroo]]
|
|[[Marsupial]]
|Various
|
|-
|[[Phaya Naga]]
|
|River monster
|[[Laos]] and [[Thailand]]
|[[File:Laonaga.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Pogeyan]]<ref name="Naish2009">{{cite web |author=Naish, D. |title=The Pogeyan, a new mystery cat |publisher=ScienceBlogs.com |url=http://scienceblogs.com/tetrapodzoology/2009/01/19/pogeyan-the-cat-in-the-ghat/ |accessdate=2009-01-19}}</ref>
|
|Gray [[felid]]; possible color morph of the [[Indian leopard]]
|Area of [[Anamudi]], [[Western Ghats]], [[India]]
|
|-
|[[Popobawa]]
|
|
|[[East Africa]]
|
|-
|[[Pope Lick Monster]]
|
|[[Bipedal]]
|[[Kentucky]], United States
|
|-
|[[Poukai]]
|Pouakai, [[Hakawai]]
|Large [[carnivorous]] bird
|[[New Zealand]]
|
|-
|[[Queensland tiger]]
|Yarri, the Beast of Buderim
|[[Carnivorous]] mammal
|[[Australia]]
|
|-
|[[Reptilians]]
|Lizard People, Draconian, Reptoid, Dinosauroid, Dragonoid
|[[Bipedal]]
|Worldwide
|[[File:Dinosauroid.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Sea monk]]
|
|Sea animal
|World's oceans
|[[File:The Sea Monk-1.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Sea monster]]s
|
|Sea animals
|World's oceans
|[[File:Prima fontana dei mostri marini 04.JPG|180px]]
|-
|[[Sea serpent]]
|
|Sea animal
|World's oceans
|[[File:Soe Orm 1555.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Selma (sea serpent)|Selma]]
|Seljordsormen
|Lake monster
|Lake [[Seljord]], [[Telemark]], [[Norway]]
|
|-
|[[Sharlie]]
|Slimy Slim, The twilight dragon of Payette lake
|Lake monster
|Lake [[Idaho|Payette]], [[McCall, Idaho]], United States
|
|-
|[[Shōjō]]
|Xing-xing, translates to "heavy drinker" or "orangutan"
|Sea creature with red face and hair
|[[Japan]]
|[[File:Sheng1sheng1.jpg|100px]]
|-
|[[Shug Monkey]]
|
|[[Primate]]
|[[Europe]]
|
|-
|[[Shunka Warakin]]
|
|[[Carnivorous]] mammal; [[wolf]]-like, [[boar]]-like, [[hyena]]-like
|[[Western United States]] (especially [[Montana]])
|
|-
|[[Sigbin]]
|
|[[Canidae|Canine]], [[cat-fox]], [[civet]]
|[[Philippines]]
|
|-
|[[Sirrush]]
|Mushrushu
|[[Reptile]]/[[Living dinosaur|dinosaur]]
|[[Africa]] and ancient [[Babylon]]
|[[File:Sirrush.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Skookum]]
|Cannibalistic wildmen of Mt. St. Helens, Washington
|Ape-like hominid
|Pacific Northwest
|
|-
|[[Skunk Ape]]
|Stink Ape, Myakka Ape, Myakka Skunk Ape
|Stink Ape, Myakka Ape, Myakka Skunk Ape
|[[Primate]]
|[[Primate]]
|[[Florida]], United States
|[[Florida]], United States
| [[File:The Florida Skunk Ape - panoramio.jpg|200x200px]]
|
|-
|-
|[[Yeren]]<ref name="IrishExaminer">{{cite web |url=https://www.irishexaminer.com/breakingnews/lifestyle/its-the-monstrous-new-trend-sweeping-travel-what-is-cryptid-tourism-873583.html |title=It's the monstrous new trend sweeping travel – what is cryptid-tourism? |publisher=[[Irish Examiner]] |access-date=13 December 2018 |archive-date=4 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181004225011/https://www.irishexaminer.com/breakingnews//lifestyle/its-the-monstrous-new-trend-sweeping-travel-what-is-cryptid-tourism-873583.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="CalebRousseau">{{cite book|author-first1=Caleb W. |author-last1=Lack |author-first2=Jacques |author-last2=Rousseau |title=Critical Thinking, Science, and Pseudoscience: Why We Can't Trust Our Brains |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Miy2CwAAQBAJ&pg=PA170 |date=8 March 2016 |publisher=[[Springer Publishing Company]] |isbn=978-0-8261-9426-8 |page=170}}</ref>
|[[Snallygaster]]
|Yiren, Yeh Ren, Chinese Wildman
|Schneller Geist
|[[Primate]] (possible [[hominin]])
|"A dragon-like beast... The earliest incarnations mixed the half-bird features of a siren with the nightmarish features of demons and ghouls. The Snallygaster was described as half-reptile, half-bird with a metallic beak lined with razor-sharp teeth, occasionally with octopus-like tentacles."
|China
|The hills surrounding Washington, D.C. and Frederick County, Maryland; West Virginia
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Yeti]]{{sfn|Loxton|Prothero|2013|p=73}}
|[[Steller's sea ape]]
|Abominable Snowman
|
|Large and hairy human-like entity, various other descriptions
|Sea animal
|[[Himalayas]] (Asia)
|[[Pacific Ocean]]
|[[File:B5bugerbear.jpg|180px]]
|
|-
|-
|[[Yowie]]<ref name=":0">{{cite book|author-first1=Caleb W. |author-last1=Lack |author-first2=Jacques |author-last2=Rousseau |title=Critical Thinking, Science, and Pseudoscience: Why We Can't Trust Our Brains |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Miy2CwAAQBAJ&pg=PA154 |date=8 March 2016 |publisher=Springer Publishing Company |isbn=978-0-8261-9426-8 |page=154}}</ref>
|[[Storsjöodjuret]]
|
|
|Large and hairy human-like entity, various other descriptions
|Lake monster
|Australia
|[[Sweden]]
|[[File:Storsjöodjuret.jpg|180px]]
|[[File:Yowie-statue-Kilcoy-Queensland.JPG|180px]]
|}

=== Flying ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|- style="background:#115a6c;"
! Name
! Other names
! Description
! width=300|Purported location
! Depiction
|-
|-
|[[Jersey Devil]]<ref name=bbctravel>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.com/travel/story/20151029-the-monster-you-should-never-find |title=The monster you should never find |first=S.J. |last=Velasquez |date=31 October 2015 |work=[[BBC Online]] |publisher=[[British Broadcasting Corporation]] |access-date=11 August 2018}}</ref>
|[[Stronsay Beast]]
|Leeds Devil
|
|[[Wing]]ed [[bipedal]] [[horse]]
|Sea animal
|United States, mainly the [[South Jersey]] [[Pine Barrens (New Jersey)|Pine Barrens]], as well as other parts of [[New Jersey]] and southeastern [[Pennsylvania]]
|[[Orkney]], [[Scotland]]
|[[Image:Stronsay beast1.jpg|155px]]
|[[File:Jersey Devil Philadelphia Post 1909.jpg|180px]]
|-
|-
|[[Mothman]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Kantrowitz |first1=Lia |last2=Fitzmaurice |first2=Larry |last3=Terry |first3=Josh |title=People Keep Seeing the Mothman in Chicago |url=https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/paqv9z/mothman-sightings-in-chicago |website=[[Vice (media)|Vice]] |access-date=26 April 2019 |date=16 January 2018}}</ref>
|[[Sucuriju Gigante]]
|Winged Man, Bird Man, UFO-Bird, Mason Bird Monster
|Giant Bull Eater (''Matatoro'' in Spanish); [[giant anaconda]]; megaconda
|Giant [[Boidae|boa]]
|Winged [[bipedal]]
|[[Mason County, West Virginia|Mason County]], [[West Virginia]], United States
|[[Amazon rainforest]]
|[[File:Eunectes murinus2.jpg|180px]]
|[[File:Mothman Artist's Impression.png|180px]]
|-
|-
|[[Rod (optical phenomenon)|Rod]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=rods - The Skeptic's Dictionary - Skepdic.com |url=https://www.skepdic.com/rods.html |access-date=2023-09-20 |website=www.skepdic.com}}</ref>
|[[Tahoe Tessie]]
|Skyfish, Air Rod, Solar Entity
|Lake Tahoe monster
|Small flying stick-like creatures
|Lake monster
|Worldwide
|[[Lake Tahoe]], in [[California]] and [[Nevada]], United States
|[[File:Moths attracted by floodlight.jpg|180px]]
|
|-
|-
|Ropen<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/dont-get-strung-along-by-the-ropen-myth-78644354/ | title=Don't Get Strung Along by the "Ropen" Myth }}</ref>
|[[Tapire-iauara]]
|
|
|Large bat-like creature or [[pterosaur]]
|[[Jaguar]]/[[tapir]]
|[[Amazon rainforest]]
|[[New Guinea]]
|
|
|-
|[[Tatzelwurm]]
|
|[[Reptile]]/[[amphibian]]
|[[European Alps]]
|[[File:Tatzelwurm.JPG|180px]]
|-
|[[Thetis Lake Monster]]
|
|[[Reptilian humanoid]]
|[[Vancouver Island]], [[Canada]]
|
|-
|[[Thunderbird (cryptozoology)|Thunderbird]]
|
|Giant bird
|[[North America]]
|[[File:Thunderbird (artistic rendition).jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Trinity Alps giant salamander]]
|
|[[Salamander]]
|[[California]], United States
|
|-
|[[Trunko]]
|The Margate monster
|[[Whale]] carcass
|[[South Africa]]
|[[File:Trunkowhale.JPG|180px]]
|-
|[[Tsuchinoko]]
|
|[[Snake]]
|[[Japan]]
|[[File:Tsuchinoko photo 01.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Tsul 'Kalu]]
|
|[[Primate]]
|[[Western United States|American West]]
|
|-
|[[Turtle Lake Monster]]
|
|Lake monster
|[[Saskatchewan]], [[Canada]]
|
|-
|[[Umdhlebi]]
|
|[[Poison|Poisonous]] [[tree]]
|[[Zulu Kingdom|Zululand]], [[South Africa]]
|
|-
|[[Urayuli]]
|Arulataq, Bushman, Tent Monster, Nant'ina, Woodsman
|[[Hominidae|Hominid]] or other [[primate]]
|Southwest [[Alaska]], near [[Lake Iliamna]], United States
|
|-
|Veo<ref name="Veoref">{{cite web | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=88q1hJk0gjQC&pg=PA33&lpg=PA33&dq=Veo+indonesia+cryptid&source=bl&ots=-MNG1Gmd1r&sig=RQ05XjDPLD1Y0P9mHSQPZxBwT5c&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjiobmWpOvaAhWosVQKHfuBBz44ChDoAQguMAE#v=onepage&q=Veo%20indonesia%20cryptid&f=false | title=Veo entry: The Cryptopedia | publisher=Kensington Publishing Corp | work=The Cryptopedia: A Dictionary of the Weird, Strange & Downright Bizarre | date=2007 | accessdate=3 May 2018 | pages=33}}</ref>
|
|An anteater-like creature that eats insects
|[[Indonesia]]
|-
|[[Waheela]]
|
|[[Carnivorous]] mammal
|[[Canada]]
|
|-
|[[Waitoreke]]
|Maori otter, New Zealand otter; Waitoreki, Waitorete
|[[Carnivorous]] mammal
|[[South Island]], [[New Zealand]]
|
|-
|[[Wampus cat]]
|Foot Craver, Masked Cat, Canable Cat
|[[Legendary creature|Legendary]] [[felid]]
|[[Southern United States|Southern]] and [[Southwestern United States]]
|
|-
|[[Wendigo]]
|Windiga, Witiko, Wihtikow, Weendigo
|[[Legendary creature]]
|[[Northern United States]] and [[Canada]]
|
|-
|[[Wild Man of the Navidad]]
|Wild Woman of the Navidad, Wildman of the Navidad
|[[Legendary creature]]
|South [[Texas]], United States
|
|-
|[[Wolpertinger]]
|{{sort|Crisensus bavaricus|''Crisensus bavaricus''}}
|Mammal
|[[Germany]]
|[[File:Wolpertinger.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Yeren]]
|Yiren, Yeh Ren, Chinese Wildman
|[[Primate]] (possible [[hominin]])
|[[China]]
|
|-
|[[Yeti]]
|Abominable Snowman
|[[Primate]] / [[Ursidae]]
|[[Himalayas]] ([[Asia]])
|[[File:Yeti by Philippe Semeria.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Yowie]]
|Yahoo
|[[Primate]]
|[[Australia]]
|[[File:Yowie-statue-Kilcoy-Queensland.JPG|180px]]
|}
|}


==See also==
== See also ==
*[[Animalia Paradoxa]]
* ''[[Animalia Paradoxa]]''
*[[Cryptozoology]]
* [[Fearsome critters]]
*[[Legendary creature]]
* [[Legendary creature]]
* [[Crypsis]]
* [[List of alleged extraterrestrial beings]]
* [[List of cryptozoologists]]
* [[List of cryptozoologists]]
* [[List of legendary creatures]]
* [[Lists of legendary creatures]]
* [[List of megafauna discovered in modern times]]
* [[List of megafauna discovered in modern times]]
* [[List of reported lake monsters]]
* [[List of urban legends]]
* [[List of urban legends]]
* [[Rare species]]


==References==
== Notes ==
{{Reflist|30em}}
{{notelist}}
{{wiktionary|cryptid}}
{{commons|Cryptozoology}}


==Further reading==
== References ==
{{reflist}}
*{{cite book |last1=Eberhart |first1=George M. |title=Mysterious Creatures: A Guide to Cryptozoology |url= |volume=Volume 2 |location=[[Santa Barbara, CA]] |publisher=ABC-CLIO |year=2002 |isbn=1-57607-283-5}}


==Sources==
{{Cryptozoology}}
* {{cite book|last1=Loxton |first1=Daniel |author-link=Daniel Loxton |last2=Prothero |first2=Donald R. |author-link2=Donald R. Prothero |title=Abominable Science: Origins of the Yeti, Nessie, and other Famous Cryptids|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kTsgAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA290 |year=2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University Press]] |isbn=978-0-231-52681-4}}


== External links ==
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2011}}
* {{wiktionary-inline|cryptid}}

* {{commons-inline|Cryptozoology}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Cryptids}}
[[Category:Cryptids| ]]
[[Category:Cryptozoology]]


{{Cryptozoology}}
{{Urban legends}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Cryptids}}
[[de:Kryptozoologie#Kryptiden]]
[[Category:Cryptids|*]]
[[Category:Lists of legendary creatures]]

Latest revision as of 08:43, 12 December 2024

"Cryptid" redirects here. Not to be confused with Cryptic or Cryptozoa.
"Cryptids" redirects here. For the 2023 film, see Cryptids (film).

Part of a series on the
Paranormal
Main articles
Skepticism
Parapsychology
Related

Cryptids are animals that cryptozoologists believe may exist somewhere in the wild, but whose present existence is disputed or unsubstantiated by science. Cryptozoology is a pseudoscience, which primarily looks at anecdotal stories, and other claims rejected by the scientific community. While biologists regularly identify new species following established scientific methodology, cryptozoologists focus on entities mentioned in the folklore record and rumor. Entities that may be considered cryptids by cryptozoologists include Bigfoot, Yeti, the chupacabra, the Jersey Devil, the Loch Ness Monster, and the Mokele-mbembe.

Scholars have noted that the cryptozoology subculture rejected mainstream approaches from an early date, and that adherents often express hostility to mainstream science. Scholars have studied cryptozoologists and their influence (including its association with Young Earth creationism),[1][2] noted parallels in cryptozoology and other pseudosciences such as ghost hunting and ufology, and highlighted uncritical media propagation of cryptozoologist claims.

List

Aquatic or semi-aquatic

See also: List of lake monsters
Name Other Names Description Purported Location Depiction
Anguila peluda[3] Hairy Eel Pond animal Pamital ravine, Canary Islands
Cadborosaurus[4] Caddy Sea animal Pacific Coast of North America
Champ[5] Champy Lake monster Lake Champlain, North America
Cryptid Whales[6][7] Giglioli's Whale, Rhinoceros dolphin, High-finned sperm whale, Alula whale, Unidentified beaked whales Sea animal Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean
Dobhar-chú[8] Water Hound, King Otter Extra-large otter-like carnivorous aquatic mammal Ireland
Gloucester sea serpent[9] Large serpent Gloucester, Cape Ann
Iemisch[10] Iemisch Listai Mix of a jaguar and otter Patagonia
Igopogo[11] Kempenfelt Kelly Lake monster Lake Simcoe, Ontario (Canada)
Labynkyr Devil[12][13][14] Labynkyrsky Chert[citation needed] Lake monster Oymyakonsky Ulus, Sakha Republic, Russia
Loch Ness Monster[15] Nessie Lake monster Loch Ness, Scotland Sculpture of the Loch Ness monster as a plesiosaurus
Loveland Frog[16] Loveland frogman, Loveland lizard Humanoid frog Loveland, Ohio
Manipogo[17] Winnipogo Lake monster Lake Manitoba, Canada
Megalodon (surviving populations)[18][19][20] Otodus megalodon[a] Giant prehistoric shark Oceans
Mokele-mbembe[21] Dinosaur (lake, river and/or swamp monster) Republic of the Congo
Morgawr [22] Sea serpent Falmouth Bay
Ogopogo[5] N'ha•a•itk, Naitaka Lake monster Lake Okanagan, Canada
Sea serpents[23] Sea animals, dinosaurs All bodies of water
Selma[24] Seljordsormen Lake monster Lake Seljord, Telemark, Norway
Steller's sea ape[25] Sea animal Pacific Ocean

Terrestrial

Name Other names Description Purported location Depiction
British big cats[26] Alien big cats (ABCs), phantom cats, mystery cats, English lions,
Beast of Bodmin, Beast of Exmoor 		Carnivorous mammal Great Britain
Chupacabra[27] Chupacabras (Spanish for goat-sucker) Puerto Rico (originally),
South and Central America,
Southern North America
Dover Demon[28] Dover, Massachusetts
Lizard Man of Scape Ore Swamp[29] Lizard Man of Lee County Bipedal South Carolina, United States
Mapinguari[30] Mapinguary Giant Ground Sloth or primate Amazons
Michigan Dogman[31] Humanoid dog Wexford County, Michigan
Mongolian death worm[32] Allghoi (or orghoi) khorkhoi Worm-like animal Gobi Desert (Asia)
Nandi bear[33] Chemosit, Kerit, Koddoelo, Ngoelo, Ngoloko, Duba Large carnivore Eastern Africa
Queensland Tiger[34] Yarri Large feline Queensland
Thylacine (surviving original populations)[35][36][b] Tasmanian tiger. Tasmanian wolf Carnivorous marsupial Australia

Papua New Guinea

Hominid

See also: Wild man
Name Other names Description Purported location Depiction
Almas[5] Abnauayu, almasty, albasty, bekk-bok,
biabin-guli, golub-yavan, gul-biavan, auli-avan,
kaptar, kra-dhun, ksy-giik, ksy-gyik, ochokochi,
mirygdy, mulen, voita, wind-man, Zana 		Non-human ape or hominid Asia/Caucasus
Amomongo[37] Orang Mawas, Impakta Ape or hominid Negros Occidental, Philippines
Barmanou[citation needed] Barmanu, Big Hairy One Ape or hominid Middle East/Asia
Bigfoot[38] Sasquatch Large and hairy ape-like creature United States and Canada
Bukit Timah Monkey Man[39] BTM, BTMM Forest-dwelling hominid or other primate Singapore
Chatawa Monster[40][41] Large ape-like creature Mississippi, United States
Chuchunya[42] Large hominid Russia
Fouke Monster[43][44] Jonesville Monster, Southern Sasquatch, Boggy Creek Monster Hominid or other primate Arkansas, United States
Honey Island Swamp monster[45] Letiche, Tainted Keitre Hominid or other primate Louisiana, United States
Orang Pendek Small hominid Sumatra
Nittaewo[46] Nittevo Small hominids Sri Lanka
Skunk ape[47] Stink Ape, Myakka Ape, Myakka Skunk Ape Primate Florida, United States
Yeren[48][47] Yiren, Yeh Ren, Chinese Wildman Primate (possible hominin) China
Yeti[49] Abominable Snowman Large and hairy human-like entity, various other descriptions Himalayas (Asia)
Yowie[46] Large and hairy human-like entity, various other descriptions Australia

Flying

Name Other names Description Purported location Depiction
Jersey Devil[15] Leeds Devil Winged bipedal horse United States, mainly the South Jersey Pine Barrens, as well as other parts of New Jersey and southeastern Pennsylvania
Mothman[50] Winged Man, Bird Man, UFO-Bird, Mason Bird Monster Winged bipedal Mason County, West Virginia, United States
Rod[51] Skyfish, Air Rod, Solar Entity Small flying stick-like creatures Worldwide
Ropen[52] Large bat-like creature or pterosaur New Guinea

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Otodus is the currently accepted genus name for megalodon. Older sources refer to the genus as Carcharodon, Carcharocles, and several other names.
  2. ^ There is an ongoing de-extinction project to revive the species through genome editing, this entry refers to the possibility of surviving populations.

References

  1. ^ Hill, Sharon A. (2017). Scientifical Americans: The Culture of Amateur Paranormal Researchers. McFarland. p. 66. ISBN 9781476630823.
  2. ^ Card, Jeb J. (2016). "Steampunk Inquiry: A Comparative Vivisection of Discovery Pseudoscience". In Card, Jeb J.; Anderson, David S. (eds.). Lost City, Found Pyramid: Understanding Alternative Archaeologies and Pseudoscientific Practices. University of Alabama Press. p. 32. ISBN 9780817319113. Creationists have embraced cryptozoology and some cryptozoological expeditions are funded by and conducted by creationists hoping to disprove evolution.
  3. ^ "El misterioso viaje de las anguilas desde el Triángulo de las Bermudas a los barrancos canarios". ABC. Archived from the original on 7 October 2016. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  4. ^ Loxton & Prothero 2013, pp. 261–295.
  5. ^ a b c Shermer, Michael; Linse, Pat (November 2002). The Skeptic Encyclopedia of Pseudoscience. Vol. 1. ABC-CLIO. p. 72. ISBN 9781576076538.
  6. ^ Mörzer Bruyns, W. F. J. (1971). Field guide of whales and dolphins. Rivonverhandeling. Tor. pp. 124–125. ISBN 978-90-70055-09-7
  7. ^ "Cetaceans with two dorsal fins" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 April 2023. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
  8. ^ "Ireland's hound of deep - Dobhar Chu". Irish Central News. Retrieved 19 December 2018.
  9. ^ Nicaise, Alexander (5 September 2019). "Gloucester Sea-Serpent Mystery: Solved after Two Centuries | Skeptical Inquirer". Retrieved 25 September 2023.
  10. ^ Gilmore, David D. (2003). Monsters : evil beings, mythical beasts, and all manner of imaginary terrors. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 978-0-8122-0322-6. OCLC 802059457.
  11. ^ "Welcome to Ogopogo Country - Canada's Lake Creature". epe.lac-bac.gc.ca. Retrieved 22 October 2024.
  12. ^ Lallanilla, Marc (4 February 2013). "Reports Surface of Monster Lurking in Russian Lake". livescience.com. Live Science. Archived from the original on 29 September 2021. Retrieved 21 March 2022.
  13. ^ "Divers preparing for icy waters of Russia's 'Loch Ness'". siberiantimes.com. The Siberian Times. 5 March 2014. Archived from the original on 28 January 2021. Retrieved 21 March 2022.
  14. ^ "Meet the creature found by divers in Russia's Loch Ness, famed for legends of monsters". siberiantimes.com. The Siberian Times. 21 April 2014. Archived from the original on 8 November 2021. Retrieved 21 March 2022.
  15. ^ a b Velasquez, S.J. (31 October 2015). "The monster you should never find". BBC Online. British Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 11 August 2018.
  16. ^ Haupt, R. (30 June 2015). "Skeptoid #473: The Loveland Frog". Skeptoid. Retrieved 1 September 2021.
  17. ^ Bernhardt, Darren. "Keep your camera handy: Stories of Manitoba lake monsters told for centuries but proof remains elusive". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 29 June 2024.
  18. ^ Guimont, Edward (5 October 2021). "The Megalodon: A Monster of the New Mythology". M/C Journal. 24 (5). doi:10.5204/mcj.2793. ISSN 1441-2616. S2CID 241813307.
  19. ^ Rouner, Jef (8 August 2013). "Prominent Cryptozoologists Denounce 'Megalodon: The Monster Shark Lives'". Houston Press. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  20. ^ Montgomery, Joy (7 June 2024). "How Megalodon Worked". How Stuff Works. Retrieved 31 October 2024. Most scientists, paleontologists and other experts believe from the fossil evidence that megalodon became extinct over 2 million years ago during the Plio-Pleistocene period, but some cryptozoologists and researchers think that this giant shark may still exist in the undiscovered depths of the ocean… Proponents of the theory of megalodon's continued existence often point to eyewitness accounts to debate the possibility of the species' survival. Occasionally, a report will surface about a large, unidentified shark in the ocean, but those accounts have been mostly discounted as tall tales. Some researchers say that the discovery of new, unfossilized teeth proves that megalodon lives, but zoologist and cryptozoology expert Ben Speers-Roesch explains that these reports are erroneous and ignore the fact that no truly unfossilized teeth have ever belonged to megalodon.
  21. ^ Loxton & Prothero 2013, pp. 187–188.
  22. ^ James, R. M. (2022). MORGAWR AND THE FOLKLORESQUE: (A study of a whopping fish tale). Shima, 16(2), 160–172. https://doi.org/10.21463/shima.123
  23. ^ Loxton & Prothero 2013, pp. 228–326.
  24. ^ Botsford, Flora (31 August 1999). "Secret life of the Norwegian Nessie". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 30 June 2024.
  25. ^ Nickell, Joe (Winter 2016–2017). "Steller's Sea Ape: Identifying an Eighteenth-Century Cryptid". Skeptical Briefs. Vol. 26, no. 4. Committee for Skeptical Inquiry.
  26. ^ "Fantastic Cryptids And Where To Find Them". Forbes. Retrieved 18 December 2018.
  27. ^ Regal, Brian (15 October 2009). Pseudoscience: A Critical Encyclopedia: A Critical Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-0-313-35508-0.
  28. ^ Sullivan, Mark (29 October 2006). "Decades later, the Dover Demon still haunts". The Boston Globe. Retrieved 6 August 2021.
  29. ^ Laycock, Joseph P. (11 July 2018). "A Search for Mysteries and Monsters in Small Town America". Smithsonian Magazine. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
  30. ^ "Twilight of the mammoths: Ice Age extinctions and the rewilding of America". Choice Reviews Online. 43 (8): 43–4679-43-4679. 1 April 2006. doi:10.5860/choice.43-4679. ISSN 0009-4978.
  31. ^ Hudson, Alison (28 July 2015). "Skeptoid #477: Wag the Dogman". Skeptoid. Retrieved 22 June 2017.
  32. ^ Benjamin Radford (21 June 2014). "Mongolian Death Worm: Elusive Legend of the Gobi Desert". livescience.com. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  33. ^ Simpson, George Gaylord (1984). "Mammals and Cryptozoology". Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society. 128 (1): 1–19. ISSN 0003-049X. JSTOR 986487.
  34. ^ Smith, Malcolm (1996). Bunyips & bigfoots : in search of Australia's mystery animals. Alexandria, NSW: Millennium Books. ISBN 1-86429-081-1. OCLC 36719441.
  35. ^ Nickell, J., & RANDI, J. (2004). Cryptids “Down Under.” In The Mystery Chronicles: More Real-Life X-Files (pp. 289–295). University Press of Kentucky. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt2tv62q.39
  36. ^ Crane, K. (2012). Myths of wilderness in contemporary narratives : Environmental postcolonialism in australia and canada. (pp.145) Palgrave Macmillan
  37. ^ "'Amomongo' frightens villagers in Negros". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on 27 February 2017.
  38. ^ Loxton & Prothero 2013, pp. 29–70.
  39. ^ "On the hunt for the elusive Bukit Timah Monkey Man". Channel NewsAsia. Archived from the original on 30 October 2018. Retrieved 18 December 2018.
  40. ^ "Chatawa—Indians weren't kidding about the sparkling water". Enterprise-Journal. 18 September 1985. p. 19. Retrieved 12 October 2024 – via Newspapers.com. Open access icon
  41. ^ Grayson, Walt (17 July 2020). "Focused on Mississippi: Chatawa Monster". WJTV. Retrieved 12 October 2024.
  42. ^ O'Carroll, Eoin (28 September 2018). "Bigfoot and beyond: Why tales of wild men endure". The Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved 11 December 2018.
  43. ^ Dunning, B. (4 March 2014). "Skeptoid #404: The Boggy Creek Monster". Skeptoid. Retrieved 1 September 2021.
  44. ^ Thibodeau, Sunni (24 June 2001). "The Fouke Monster 30 Years Later: Ex-journalists recall sifting fact from Fouke fiction after sighting". Texarkana Gazette. Archived from the original on 3 August 2003. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  45. ^ Frances, Leary (December 2003). "The Honey Island Swamp Monster: The Development and Maintenance of Folk and Commodified Belief Tradition" (PDF). pp. 4–6. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
  46. ^ a b Lack, Caleb W.; Rousseau, Jacques (8 March 2016). Critical Thinking, Science, and Pseudoscience: Why We Can't Trust Our Brains. Springer Publishing Company. p. 154. ISBN 978-0-8261-9426-8.
  47. ^ a b Lack, Caleb W.; Rousseau, Jacques (8 March 2016). Critical Thinking, Science, and Pseudoscience: Why We Can't Trust Our Brains. Springer Publishing Company. p. 170. ISBN 978-0-8261-9426-8.
  48. ^ "It's the monstrous new trend sweeping travel – what is cryptid-tourism?". Irish Examiner. Archived from the original on 4 October 2018. Retrieved 13 December 2018.
  49. ^ Loxton & Prothero 2013, p. 73.
  50. ^ Kantrowitz, Lia; Fitzmaurice, Larry; Terry, Josh (16 January 2018). "People Keep Seeing the Mothman in Chicago". Vice. Retrieved 26 April 2019.
  51. ^ "rods - The Skeptic's Dictionary - Skepdic.com". www.skepdic.com. Retrieved 20 September 2023.
  52. ^ "Don't Get Strung Along by the "Ropen" Myth".

Sources

  • The dictionary definition of cryptid at Wiktionary
  • Media related to Cryptozoology at Wikimedia Commons
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=List_of_cryptids&oldid=1262616828"