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{{Short description|Member of the Thai royal family (1892–1929)}}
{{Redirect|Mahidol}}
{{Redirect|Mahidol}}
{{More citations needed|date=September 2014}}
{{More citations needed|date=September 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}

{{Infobox royalty
{{Infobox royalty
| title = Prince Father of Thailand
|name = Mahidol Adulyadej <br>{{small|มหิดลอดุลยเดช}}
| title = Prince of Siam <br>Prince of Songkla
| image = Prince Mahidol Adulyadej cropped.jpeg
|image =Prince Mahidol Adulyadej.jpeg
| caption = Prince Mahidol, {{circa|1914–1929}}
| name = {{ubl|Mahidol Adulyadej|{{langn|th|มหิดลอดุลยเดช}}}}
|succession =
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1892|1|1}}
|reign =
| birth_place = [[Bangkok]], [[Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)|Siam]]
|birth_date = {{Birth date|1892|1|1|df=y}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=y|1929|9|24|1892|1|1}}
|birth_place = [[Bangkok]], [[Thailand|Siam]]
| death_place = Bangkok, Siam
|death_date = {{Death date and age|1929|9|24|1892|1|1||df=y}}
| burial_date = 16 March 1930
|death_place = [[Bangkok]], [[Thailand|Siam]]
| burial_place = Royal Crematorium, [[Sanam Luang]], Bangkok
|date of burial = 16 March 1930
| spouse = {{marriage|[[Srinagarindra|Sangwan Talapat]]|10 September 1920}}
|place of burial = Royal Crematorium, [[Sanam Luang]], Bangkok, Thailand
| issue = {{ubli|[[Galyani Vadhana]], Princess of&nbsp;Naradhiwas|[[Ananda Mahidol]] (Rama VIII)|[[Bhumibol Adulyadej]] (Rama IX)}}
|spouse = {{marriage|[[Srinagarindra|Sangwan Talapat]]<br>|1920|1929|end=his death}}
| issue-link = #Issue
|issue = [[Galyani Vadhana]]<br>[[Ananda Mahidol]] {{small|(Rama VIII)}}<br>[[Bhumibol Adulyadej]] {{small|(Rama IX)}}
| issue-pipe = Detail
|father = [[Chulalongkorn]] {{small|(Rama V)}}
| full name = Mahidol Adulyadej Naresuan Maharajadhibodindra Chulalongkoranindravarangkun Sombunbenjabhon Sirisavati Khattiya Warophatosuchati Kunnasangkatkiatprakit Laksanavichit Phisitburut Chanuttamarat Phattanasak Akavorarajakumarn
|mother = [[Savang Vadhana]]
| posthumous name = Mahitala Dhibesra Adulyadej Vikrom
|image_size =200
|royal house = [[:Category:House of Mahidol|Mahidol]] {{small|([[Chakri Dynasty]])}}
| house = [[House of Mahidol|Mahidol]] ([[Chakri dynasty]])
| father = [[Chulalongkorn]] (Rama V)
|signature =
| module = {{Infobox military person | embed=yes
| mother = [[Savang Vadhana]]
| religion = [[Theravada Buddhism]]
| allegiance =
| signature = Mahidol Signature.svg
| branch = {{flagicon|Thailand|naval}} [[Royal Thai Navy|Royal Siamese Navy]]
| module = {{Infobox military person|embed=yes
| serviceyears = 1912-1914
| allegiance = [[Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)|Kingdom of Siam]]
| rank = [[File:RTN OF-10 (Admiral of the Fleet).svg|15px]] [[List of Admirals of the Fleet (Thailand)|Admiral of the Fleet]]
| branch = {{ubl|[[Royal Thai Army|Royal Siamese Army]]|[[Royal Thai Navy|Royal Siamese Navy]]}}
| servicenumber = <!-- Do not use data from primary sources such as service records -->
| branch_label = Branch
| unit =
| serviceyears = 1908–1914
| commands =
| rank = {{ubl|[[Senior Colonel]]|[[List of admirals of the fleet (Thailand)|Admiral of the fleet]] (posthumous)}}}}
| battles_label =
}}
| battles =
{{Infobox royal styles

|royal name = {{ubl|Prince Mahidol Adulyadej|Prince Father of Thailand}}
}}}}
|image = File:Crown Prince's Standard of Thailand.svg
|image_size = 100px
|dipstyle = His Royal Highness
|offstyle = Your Royal Highness
}}


'''Mahidol Adulyadej, Prince of [[Songkhla Province|Songkla]]''' ({{lang-th|สมเด็จเจ้าฟ้ามหิดลอดุลยเดช กรมหลวงสงขลานครินทร์}}) or '''Mahidol Adulyadej the Prince Father''' ({{lang-th|สมเด็จพระมหิตลาธิเบศร อดุลยเดชวิกรม พระบรมราชชนก}} {{RTGS|''Somdet Phra Mahitalathibet Adunyadetwikrom Phra Borommaratchachanok''}}, 1 January 1892 – 24 September 1929) or '''Mahidol Songkla''' was the father of King [[Ananda Mahidol]] ([[Rama (King of Thailand)|Rama]] VIII) and King [[Bhumibol Adulyadej]] ([[Rama (King of Thailand)|Rama]] IX) of [[Thailand]]. He was also regarded as the father of modern medicine and public health of Thailand. He also founded the House of Mahidol or the present [[Chakri dynasty#Royal Family of Thailand|Royal Family of Thailand]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bangkokpost.com/learning/learning-from-news/392524/prince-mahidol-medical-education-in-thailand|title=Prince Mahidol & medical education in Thailand|author=Post Publishing PCL.|work=bangkokpost.com}}</ref>
'''Mahitala Dhibesra Adulyadej Vikrom, the Prince Father'''<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.princemahidolfoundation.com/profiles/english/main3.html |title= List of Royal Titles |work= Somdetch Phra Mahitala Dhibesra Adulyadej Vikrom the Prince Father Foundation |access-date= 1 January 2019}}</ref> ({{langx|th|สมเด็จพระมหิตลาธิเบศร อดุลยเดชวิกรม พระบรมราชชนก}} {{RTGS|''Somdet Phra Mahitalathibet Adunyadetwikrom Phra Borommaratchachanok''}}, 1 January 1892 – 24 September 1929), formerly '''Prince Mahidol Adulyadej, Prince of [[Songkhla province|Songkhla]]''' ({{langx|th|สมเด็จเจ้าฟ้ามหิดลอดุลยเดช กรมหลวงสงขลานครินทร์}}) or '''Mahidol Songkla''', was the father of King [[Ananda Mahidol]] ([[Rama (King of Thailand)|Rama]] VIII) and King [[Bhumibol Adulyadej]] ([[Rama (King of Thailand)|Rama]] IX) of [[Thailand]], and the paternal grandfather of King [[Vajiralongkorn]] ([[Rama (King of Thailand)|Rama]] X). He was also regarded as the father of modern medicine and public health in Thailand. He also founded the House of Mahidol or the present [[Chakri dynasty#Royal family|Royal Family of Thailand]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bangkokpost.com/learning/learning-from-news/392524/prince-mahidol-medical-education-in-thailand|title=Prince Mahidol & medical education in Thailand|author=Post Publishing PCL.|work=bangkokpost.com}}</ref> His two sons reigned for more than eight decades, longer than the [[Ibn Saud]] siblings of [[Saudi Arabia]], and the [[Sultan bin Zayed bin Khalifa Al Nahyan|Nahyan]] siblings of [[Emirate of Abu Dhabi|Abu Dhabi]].


Prince Mahidol was the 69th child of King [[Chulalongkorn]] and the 7th of [[Queen Savang Vadhana]]. His mother also adopted four other princes whose commoner mothers ([[Thai royal and noble titles#Chao Chom Manda|Chao Chom Manda]]) had died; among them was Prince Rangsit Prayulsak, later [[Rangsit Prayurasakdi|Prince of Chainat]], who became a very close friend of Prince Mahidol during his childhood. Later in their lives, Prince Rangsit would play a pivotal role in Mahidol's career, and would later be appointed regent to one of Mahidol's sons, [[Bhumibol]].
Prince Mahidol was the 69th child of King [[Chulalongkorn]] and the 7th of Queen [[Savang Vadhana]]. His mother also adopted four other royal princes whose commoner mother ([[Thai royal ranks and titles#Chao Chom Manda|Chao Chom Manda]]) had died; among them was Prince Rangsit Prayulsak, later [[Rangsit Prayurasakdi|Prince of Chainat]], who became a very close friend of Prince Mahidol during his childhood. Later in their lives, Prince Rangsit would play a pivotal role in Mahidol's career, and would later be appointed regent to one of Mahidol's sons, [[Bhumibol Adulyadej|Bhumibol]].


==Early life==
==Early life==
[[File:Prince Mahidol Adulyadej and Princess Valaya Alongkorn.jpg|thumb|left|Younger Prince Mahidol Adulyadej and Princess [[Valaya Alongkorn]]]]
[[File:Prince Mahidol Adulyadej and Princess Valaya Alongkorn.jpg|thumb|left|190px|Younger Prince Mahidol Adulyadej and Princess [[Valaya Alongkorn]]]]
[[File:เจ้าฟ้ามหาวชิรุณหิศ-เจ้าฟ้ามหิดลอดุลยเดช-เจ้าจอมมารดาเปี่ยม.jpg|thumb|Prince Mahidol Adulyadej (center) with Prince [[Vajirunhis]] and Princess [[Piyamavadi]]]]
[[File:เจ้าฟ้ามหาวชิรุณหิศ เจ้าฟ้ามหิดลอดุลยเดช เจ้าจอมมารดาเปี่ยม.jpg|thumb|Prince Mahidol Adulyadej (center) with Prince [[Vajirunhis]] and Princess [[Piyamavadi]]]]
Like the other sons of King Chulalongkorn, Prince Mahidol started his education at the Royal School within the Grand Palace. He received the title of Prince of [[Songkhla province|Songkla]] at age 13.
Like the other sons of King Chulalongkorn, Prince Mahidol started his education at the Royal School within the Grand Palace. He received the title of Prince of [[Songkhla province|Songkla]] at age 13.


He was sent to London in 1905, and after spending a year and a half in [[Harrow School]], he moved to Germany to join the Royal Prussian Military Preparatory College at [[Potsdam]] according to the wish of his father, then continued his military education at the Imperial Military Academy at [[Lichterfelde (Berlin)|Groß–Lichterfelde]] in Berlin. Following the wish of his half-brother, King [[Vajiravudh]], he then entered the [[Naval Academy Mürwik|Imperial German Naval Academy]] at [[Flensburg]]-[[Mürwik]]. While there, he won a competition in [[submarine]] design. He was commissioned Lieutenant in both the Imperial German Navy and the Royal Thai Navy in 1912.
He was sent to London in 1905, and after spending a year and a half in [[Harrow School]], he moved to Germany to join the Royal Prussian Military Preparatory College at [[Potsdam]] according to the wish of his father, then continued his military education at the Imperial Military Academy at [[Lichterfelde (Berlin)|Groß–Lichterfelde]] in Berlin. Following the wish of his half-brother, King [[Vajiravudh]], he then entered the [[Naval Academy Mürwik|Imperial German Naval Academy]] at [[Flensburg]]-[[Mürwik]]. While there, he won a competition in [[submarine]] design. He was commissioned Lieutenant in both the Imperial German Navy and the Royal Thai Navy in 1912.


The Prince had to come back to Thailand in 1914 as the World War I had started, and was assigned to a teaching post at the Royal Naval Academy. He continued his interest in smaller vessels including [[submarine]]s and [[torpedo boat]]s, this later led to a conflict in a meeting where he was overruled by senior naval officers, most of whom were British graduates and preferred larger vessels. The Prince, feeling that his expertise would never be used, resigned just 9 months after joining the Navy.
The start of World War I compelled the Prince to come back to Thailand in 1914; he was assigned to a teaching post at the Royal Naval Academy. He continued his interest in smaller vessels, including [[submarine]]s and [[torpedo boat]]s; this later led to conflict at a meeting, where he was overruled by senior naval officers, most of whom were British graduates and preferred larger vessels. The Prince, feeling that his expertise would never be used, resigned his post nine months after joining the Navy.


==Medical career==
==Medical career==
{{tone|section|date=February 2016}}
{{tone|section|date=February 2016}}
[[Image:Savang Vadhana with son and daughter.jpg|thumb|right|310px|Prince Mahidol Adulyadej with his sister Princess [[Valaya Alongkorn]] and his mother, Queen [[Savang Vadhana|Sri Savarindira]] (Savang Vadhana).]]
[[File:Savang Vadhana with son and daughter.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Prince Mahidol Adulyadej with his sister Princess [[Valaya Alongkorn]] and his mother, Queen [[Savang Vadhana|Sri Savarindira]] (Savang Vadhana).]]
His half-brother and old friend Prince [[Rangsit, Prince of Chainat|Rangsit]] then came into play. He was then the Chief of the [[Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University|Royal Medical College]]. Medical and public health education did not receive much attention at that time, and medical practice was much lagged behind the Western standard. The [[Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University|Medical College]] and its hospital, [[Siriraj Hospital|Siriraj]], was small, crowded, underfunded, understaffed and ill-equipped.
His half-brother and old friend Prince [[Rangsit, Prince of Chainat|Rangsit]] then came into play. He was at that time Chief of the [[Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University|Royal Medical College]]. Medical and public health education at that time lagged behind the Western standard. The [[Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University|Medical College]] and its hospital, [[Siriraj Hospital|Siriraj]], were small, crowded, underfunded, understaffed and ill-equipped.
[[File:Prince Mahidol Adulyadej of Songkla.jpg|thumb|Prince of Songkhla in Royal Guards uniform]]
[[File:Prince Mahidol Adulyadej of Songkla.jpg|thumb|Prince of Songkhla in Royal Guards uniform]]
Prince Rangsit, himself a lesser-class prince (as his mother was a commoner), thought that to have someone of high prestige like Prince Mahidol (who was a first-class prince as he was born to a mother who was also a daughter of a king) supporting the movement to improve medical practice and public health in Thailand would generate more interest and probably more fundings. He strategically invited Prince Mahidol to a boat trip along the Bangkok Yai and Bangkok Noi canals. His office, [[Siriraj Hospital]], was certainly on the route, and this was where he invited his half-brother to stop and have a look around. Having seen Mahidol's reaction to the poor state of the hospital, Prince Rangsit asked him if he wanted to help; Mahidol's answer at that time was, however, not very positive as he was concerned that he knew nothing about medicine. However, a few days elapsed and he agreed. He also decided he would study in the related fields himself.
Prince Rangsit, himself a lesser-class prince (as his mother was a commoner), thought that to have someone of high prestige like Prince Mahidol (who was a first-class celestial prince as he was born to a royal mother who was also a daughter of a king) supporting the movement to improve medical practice and public health in Thailand would generate more interest and probably more funding. He strategically invited Prince Mahidol to a boat trip along the Bangkok Yai and Bangkok Noi canals. His office, [[Siriraj Hospital]], was on the route, and this was where he invited his half-brother to stop and have a look around. Having seen Mahidol's reaction to the poor state of the hospital, Prince Rangsit asked him if he wanted to help; Mahidol's answer at that time was, however, not very positive as he was concerned that he knew nothing about medicine himself. However, a few days elapsed and he agreed to help. He also decided he would study in related fields himself.


Thus the Prince went to [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]] to study [[public health]] at [[Harvard University|Harvard]]. He also asked Prince Rangsit to select four students to be sent to the U.S.: two medical students who would be funded by Mahidol himself and two nursing students who would be funded by his mother, Queen [[Savang Vadhana]]. It was said that the Prince went to the train station to greet the students himself. This was when an unintended sequel of Prince Rangsit's scheme occurred: one of the nursing student that arrived was an 18-year-old Miss [[Sangwalya Mahidol|Sangwal Talabhat]], future wife of Prince Mahidol and mother of two future kings of Thailand. Mahidol diligently looked after his students, and thus became close to Miss Talabhat, who then accompanied him back to Thailand three years later to attend the funeral of Queen [[Saovabha]]. While there, they married under the royal blessing of his half-brother King [[Vajiravudh]] at Sapathum Palace before returning to Harvard. He received his Certificate in Public Health on the following year (1921).
Thus the Prince went to [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]] to study [[public health]] at [[Harvard University|Harvard]]. He also asked Prince Rangsit to select four students to be sent to the U.S.: two medical students who would be funded by Mahidol himself and two nursing students who would be funded by his mother, Queen [[Savang Vadhana]]. It was said that the Prince went to the train station to greet the students himself. This was when an unintended sequel of Prince Rangsit's scheme occurred: one of the nursing students who arrived was the 18-year-old Miss [[Sangwalya Mahidol|Sangwal Talabhat]], future wife of Prince Mahidol and mother of two future kings of Thailand. Mahidol diligently looked after his students, and thus became close to Miss Talabhat, who then accompanied him back to Thailand three years later to attend the funeral of Queen [[Saovabha]]. While there, they married under the royal blessing of his half-brother King [[Vajiravudh]] at Sapathum Palace before returning to Harvard. He received his Certificate in Public Health in the following year (1921).


After his study, he went to [[Edinburgh]] for a break, but was also asked to represent the Thai government in liaising with the [[Rockefeller Foundation]] which was offering monetary and technical help to improve Thailand's medical and public health education. His first child, Princess [[Galyani Vadhana]], was born in London in 1923. He returned to Thailand in the same year to take the position of Director-General of the University Department in the Ministry of Education. Apart from his administrative duties, he also taught pre-clinical medical students at the Royal Medical College.
After his study, he went to [[Edinburgh]] for a break but was also asked to represent the Thai government in liaising with the [[Rockefeller Foundation]], which was offering monetary and technical help to improve Thailand's medical and public health education. His first child, Princess [[Galyani Vadhana]], was born in London in 1923. He returned to Thailand in the same year to take the position of Director-General of the University Department in the Ministry of Education. Apart from his administrative duties, he also taught pre-clinical medical students at the Royal Medical College.


==Later life==
==Later life==
In 1925 he went to [[Heidelberg]], Germany to have his kidneys treated before going back to his alma mater [[Harvard University]], this time to study medicine. It was in Heidelberg where his first son Prince [[Ananda Mahidol]] was born in the same year. His youngest son Prince [[Bhumibol]] was born in [[Massachusetts]] in 1927; six months later he received his M.D. cum laude. He returned to Thailand in December 1928.
In 1925 he went to [[Heidelberg]], Germany to have his kidneys treated before going back to his alma mater [[Harvard University]], this time to study medicine. It was in Heidelberg where his first son Prince [[Ananda Mahidol]] was born in the same year. His youngest son Prince [[Bhumibol]] was born in [[Massachusetts]] in 1927; six months later he received his M.D. cum laude.<ref>{{cite web |title=Thailand's "Father of Modern Medicine" |url=https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/centennial-prince-mahidol/ |website=News |access-date=22 December 2018 |language=en-us |date=23 January 2014}}</ref> He returned to Thailand in December 1928.


One of the first things he did when he returned was to set up scholarships for students in the fields of medicine, nursing, and public health. He was planning to return to Siriraj Hospital for internship. However, his princely status then became a problem as it was felt that he was too prestigious to be allowed internship. Undeterred, Mahidol chose another hospital in a more egalitarian environment – the missionary-run McCormick Hospital in [[Chiang Mai]]. He worked there, day and night, as a resident doctor. His patients fondly called him "Mho Chao Fa" ('Doctor Prince').
One of the first things he did when he returned was to set up scholarships for students in the fields of medicine, nursing, and public health. He was planning to return to Siriraj Hospital for an internship. However, his princely status then became a problem as it was felt that he was too prestigious to be allowed an internship. Undeterred, Mahidol chose another hospital in a more egalitarian environment – the missionary-run McCormick Hospital in [[Chiang Mai]]. He worked there, day and night, as a resident doctor. His patients fondly called him "Mho Chao Fa" ('Doctor Prince').


[[Image:Statue of Mahidol Adulyadej.JPG|thumb|200px|Statue of Mahidol Adulyadej in [[Siriraj Hospital]]]]
[[File:Statue of Mahidol Adulyadej.JPG|thumb|200px|Statue of Mahidol Adulyadej in [[Siriraj Hospital]]]]


Before long, complications with his kidney resurfaced. Three weeks after he started working, he visited [[Bangkok]] to attend a funeral of his uncle, and was never able to return to Chiang Mai. It appeared that he also suffered from liver abscess, and his health continually deteriorated. Prince Mahidol died on 24 September 1929 at Sapathum Palace.
Before long, complications with his kidney problems resurfaced. Three weeks after he started working, he visited [[Bangkok]] to attend the funeral of his uncle, and was never able to return to Chiang Mai. It appeared that he also had liver abscess, and his health continually deteriorated. Prince Mahidol died on 24 September 1929 at Sapathum Palace.


He was posthumously given the title of the Prince Father (Somdej Phra Mahittalathibet Adulyadejvikrom Phra Borommarajachanok – สมเด็จพระมหิตลาธิเบศ อดุลยเดชวิกรม พระบรมราชชนก) with a special royal rank equivalent to [[Front Palace|front palaces]].
He was posthumously given the title of the Prince Father (Somdej Phra Mahittalathibet Adulyadejvikrom Phra Borommarajachanok – สมเด็จพระมหิตลาธิเบศ อดุลยเดชวิกรม พระบรมราชชนก) with a special royal rank equivalent to [[Front Palace|front palaces]].


==Legacy==
==Legacy==
[[File:การวางพวงมาลา วันมหิดล คณะแพทยศาสตร์ มศว ปี 2565 (( 02.jpg|thumb|Wreath
Prince Mahidol of Songkla taught at [[Chulalongkorn University]]. Apart from being an instructor and administrator at the university, he was also of its great benefactors. He donated a large amount of his own money to set up scholarships which enabled university lecturers in science and medicine to furtheir their studies. He negotiated with [[Rockefeller Foundation]] in helping the university from its poor academic foundation.<ref>William H. Becker. “Assets: Rockefellerfoundation.” Rockefellerfoundation. 2013. https://assets.rockefellerfoundation.org/app/uploads/20131001203515/Innovative-Partners.pdf (29 November 2016 ที่เข้าถึง).</ref>
laying on [[public holidays in Thailand#National observances|Mahidol Day]], pictured here in 2022 at [[Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University]]]]
Prince Mahidol of Songkla taught at [[Chulalongkorn University]]. Apart from being an instructor and administrator at the university, he was also of one of its great benefactors. He donated a large amount of his own fortune to set up scholarships which enabled university lecturers in science and medicine to further their studies. He negotiated with [[Rockefeller Foundation]] in helping the university improve from its poor academic foundation.<ref>William H. Becker. "Assets: Rockefellerfoundation." Rockefellerfoundation. 2013. https://assets.rockefellerfoundation.org/app/uploads/20131001203515/Innovative-Partners.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220150150/https://assets.rockefellerfoundation.org/app/uploads/20131001203515/Innovative-Partners.pdf |date=20 December 2016 }} (29 November 2016 ที่เข้าถึง).</ref>
His legacies remain to this day. The students sent abroad under his scholarships became key players in the modern medicine of Thailand: many were regarded as great teachers, and some helped establish new medical schools and universities. The Royal Medical School later became the [[Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University|Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Chulalongkorn University]]. It was a key faculty of the Medical University when it was founded in 1943. In 1969 the Medical University was granted the Prince's name by royal decree and became [[Mahidol University]]. The "Prince of Songkla"
His legacies remain to this day. The students sent abroad under his scholarships became key players in modern medicine of Thailand: many were regarded as great teachers, and some helped establish new medical schools and universities. The Royal Medical School later became the [[Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University|Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Chulalongkorn University]]. It was key source of faculty of Medical University when it was founded in 1943. In 1969 the Medical University was granted the Prince's name by royal decree and became [[Mahidol University]]. The "Prince of Songkla"
title became the name of [[Prince of Songkla University]] in 1967.
title became the name of [[Prince of Songkla University]] in 1967.


In commemoration of the centenary of the Prince's birth, the [[Prince Mahidol Award]] was created in 1992. This is an international award in the fields of medicine, public health, and social services. The anniversary of his passing is observed as [[public holidays in Thailand#National observances|Mahidol Day]]
In commemoration of the centenary of the Prince's birth, the [[Prince Mahidol Award]] was created in 1992. This is an international award in the fields of medicine, public health, and social services. The anniversary of his passing is observed as [[public holidays in Thailand#National observances|Mahidol Day]].

The following places are named after him:
; Public health institute
* [[Praboromarajchanok Institute]], [[Ministry of Public Health (Thailand)]]
* [[Collaborative Project to Increase Production of Rural Doctor, Mahidol University]]

; Academy
* [[Mahidol University]]
* [[Mahidol University International Demonstration School]]
* [[Prince Mahidol Hall]], [[Mahidol University]]
* [[Prince of Songkla University]]
* [[Mahidol Wittayanusorn School]]
* [[PSU Wittayanusorn School]]
* [[Prince of Songkla University Demonstration School]]
* Mahittalathibet Building, [[Faculty of Commerce and Accountancy, Chulalongkorn University]]
* Mahittalathibet Building, Faculty of Public Health, Burapha University<ref>12 พฤศจิกายน 2536 พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรมินทรมหาภูมิพลอดุลยเดช ทรงลงพระปรมาภิไธยพระราชทานนามอาคารคณะสาธารณสุขศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยบูรพา ที่กำลังก่อสร้าง เป็น "อาคารมหิตลาธิเบศร" ตามพระนามของ "พระบิดาแห่งการสาธารณสุขไทย" 25 มกราคม 2538 สมเด็จพระเทพรัตนราชสุดาฯ สยามบรมราชกุมารี เสด็จพระราชดำเนินทรงเป็นองค์ประธานในพิธีเปิดอาคารภายในมหาวิทยาลัยบูรพา ประกอบด้วย อาคารมหิตลาธิเบศร อาคารศรีนครินทร์ และอาคาร 60 พรรษา มหาราชินี
</ref>

; Species
* ''[[Mahidolia mystacina]]'' (Valenciennes, 1837)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/summary/7240|title=Mahidolia mystacina, Flagfin prawn goby : aquarium|website=fishbase.mnhn.fr}}</ref>

; Others
* [[Prince Mahidol Award]]
* [[Mahidol Road]], [[Chiang Mai Province]]
* [[Mahidol Adulyadej Naval Base]]
* Krommaluang Songkhla Nakharin Army Camp


==Issue==
==Issue==
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
!Name!!Birth!!Death!!Spouse!!Children
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="col" | Name
| rowspan="2" | [[Galyani Vadhana|Galyani Vadhana, Princess of Naradhiwas]]|| rowspan="2" |6 May 1923 || rowspan="2" |2 January 2008||Aram Ratanakul Seriroengrit|| [[Dhasanawalaya Sornsongkram]]
! rowspan="2" scope="col" | Birth
! rowspan="2" scope="col" | Death
! colspan="2" scope="col" | Marriage
! rowspan="2" scope="col" | Their children
|-
|-
! scope="col" | Date
| [[Varananda Dhavaj|Prince Varananda Dhavaj]] || None
! scope="col" | Spouse
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" | [[Galyani Vadhana|Galyani Vadhana, Princess of Naradhiwas]]
| [[Ananda Mahidol]] ||20 September 1925||9 June 1946||Never married||
| rowspan="2" | 6 May 1923
| rowspan="2" | 2 January 2008 (aged 84)
| 11 July 1944<br />{{small|Divorced 1950}}
| Aram Rattanakul Serireongrit
| [[Dhasanawalaya Sornsongkram|Dhasanawalaya Ratanakul Serireongrit]]
|-
|-
| 24 September 1969
| rowspan="4" | [[Bhumibol Adulyadej]]|| rowspan="4" |5 December 1927|| rowspan="4" | 13 October 2016
| [[Varananda Dhavaj|Prince Varananda Dhavaj]]
| rowspan="4" | [[Sirikit|Sirikit Kitiyakara]] || [[Ubolratana Rajakanya|Princess Ubolratana Rajakanya]]
| {{N/A|None}}
|-
|-
! scope="row" | [[Ananda Mahidol]] (Rama&nbsp;VIII)
| [[Vajiralongkorn|King Maha Vajiralongkorn]]
| 20 September 1925
| 9 June 1946 (aged 20)
| colspan="2" {{N/A|None}}
| {{N/A|None}}
|-
|-
! rowspan="4" scope="row" | [[Bhumibol Adulyadej]] (Rama&nbsp;IX)
| [[Sirindhorn|Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn]]
| rowspan="4" | 5 December 1927
| rowspan="4" | 13 October 2016 (aged 88)
| rowspan="4" | 28 April 1950
| rowspan="4" | [[Sirikit|Sirikit Kitiyakara]]
| [[Ubol Ratana|Princess Ubolratana]]
|-
|-
| [[Vajiralongkorn]] (Rama X)
| [[Chulabhorn Walailak|Princess Chulabhorn Walailak]]
|-
| [[Sirindhorn|Sirindhorn, Princess Royal]]
|-
| [[Chulabhorn|Chulabhorn, Princess Srisavangavadhana]]
|}
|}


==Titles and styles==
==Military rank==
* [[Senior Colonel]],<ref>{{cite web |title=วันที่ ๒๕ เมษายน ๒๔๖๕ ราชกิจจานุเบกษา เล่ม ๔๓ น่า ๓๓๖ |url=https://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2469/D/336.PDF |access-date=7 July 2024}}</ref> [[Admiral of the Fleet]]<ref>{{cite web |title=ประกาศสำนักนายกรัฐมนตรี เรื่อง พระราชทานพระยศทหาร |url=http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2541/B/004/1.PDF |access-date=7 July 2024 |archive-date=29 December 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111229171305/http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2541/B/004/1.PDF |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite web |title=ข่าวสิ้นพระชนม์ |url=https://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2472/D/2143.PDF |access-date=7 July 2024}}</ref>
{{Infobox royal styles
| royal name = Prince Mahidol Adulyadej of Siam
| image = [[File:Male Royalty's Standard of Thailand.svg|70px]]
| dipstyle = [[His Royal Highness]]
| offstyle = Your Royal Highness
| altstyle = ''Sir''}}
* '''1 January 1892 - 10 January 1903''': ''His Royal Highness'' Prince Mahidol Adulyadej
* '''10 January 1903 - 13 November 1929''': ''His Royal Highness'' Prince Mahidol Adulyadej, Prince of Songkla
'''''Posthumous titles:'''''
* '''2 March 1934 - 9 June 1970''': ''His Royal Highness'' Prince Mahidol Adulyadej, Prince of Songkla, the Prince Father
* '''9 June 1970 – 13 October 2016''': ''His Royal Highness'' The Prince Mahitaladhibesre Adulyadejvikorm, the Prince Father of King Rama IX


===Wild Tiger Corps of Thailand rank===
===Military Rank===
* [[Wild Tiger Corps|Colonel]] of the Wild Tiger Corps<ref name=":0">{{cite web |url=http://www.princemahidolaward.org/complete-biography.th.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080724023010/http://www.princemahidolaward.org/complete-biography.th.php |archive-date=24 July 2008 |title=Prince Mahidol Award Foundation under the Royal Patronage}}</ref>
* [[Senior Colonel]]<ref>http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2469/D/336.PDF</ref>, [[Admiral of the Fleet]]<ref>http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2541/B/004/1.PDF</ref><ref>http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2472/D/2143.PDF</ref>


===Wild Tiger Corps of Thailand Rank===
===Civil Service of Siam rank===
* Chancellor of [[Ministry of Education (Thailand)|Minister of Education]] (Siam)<ref name=":1"/><ref name=":0"/>
* [[Wild Tiger Corps|Colonel]] of the Wild Tiger Corps<ref>http://www.princemahidolaward.org/complete-biography.th.php</ref>

===Civil Service of Siam Rank===
* Chancellor of [[Ministry of Education (Thailand)|Ministry of Education]] (Siam)<ref>http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2472/D/2143.PDF</ref><ref>http://www.princemahidolaward.org/complete-biography.th.php</ref>


== Ancestry ==
== Ancestry ==
Line 126: Line 170:
|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;
|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;
|boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;
|boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;
|1= 1. '''Prince Mahidol Adulyadej, Prince of Songkhla'''
|boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe;
|2= 2. [[Chulalongkorn|King Chulalongkorn, Rama V of Siam]]
|1= 1. '''Mahidol Adulyadej, Prince of Songkla'''
|3= 3. [[Savang Vadhana|Princess Savang Vadhana of Siam]]
|2= 2. [[Chulalongkorn]] (Rama V)
|4= 4. (=6.) [[Mongkut|King Mongkut, Rama IV of Siam]]
|3= 3. [[Savang Vadhana]]
|5= 5. [[Debsirindra|Princess Ramphoei Siriwong of Siam]]
|4= 4. (=6.) [[Mongkut]] (Rama IV)
|6= 6. (=4.) [[Mongkut|King Mongkut, Rama IV of Siam]]
|5= 5. [[Debsirindra]]
|6= 6. (=4.) [[Mongkut]] (Rama IV)
|7= 7. [[Piyamavadi|Piam Sucharitakul]]
|7= 7. [[Piyamavadi|Piam Sucharitakul]]
|8= 8. (=12.) [[Rama II of Siam|Phutthaloetla Naphalai]] (Rama II)
|8= 8. (=12.) [[Rama II|King Phutthaloetla Naphalai, Rama II of Rattanakosin]]
|9= 9. (=13.) [[Sri Suriyendra]]
|9= 9. (=13.) [[Sri Suriyendra|Princess Bunrot of Rattanakosin]]
|10= 10. Siriwongse, Prince Mattayaphithak
|10= 10. Prince Siriwongse, Prince Matyabidhak
|11= 11. Noi Siriwong na Ayudhaya
|11= 11. Noi
|12= 12. (=8.) [[Rama II of Siam|Phutthaloetla Naphalai]] (Rama II)
|12= 12. (=8.) [[Rama II|King Phutthaloetla Naphalai, Rama II of Rattanakosin]]
|13= 13. (=9.) [[Sri Suriyendra]]
|13= 13. (=9.) [[Sri Suriyendra|Princess Bunrot of Rattanakosin]]
|14= 14. Lord Asasamdaeng (Taeng Sucharitakul)
|14= 14. Taeng Sucharitakul, Luang Asasamdaeng
|15= 15. Lady Sucharitthamrong (Nak Sucharitakul)
|15= 15. Nak, Thao Sucharitthamrong
|16= 16. (=24.) [[Rama I|Phutthayotfa Chulalok]] (Rama I)
|17= 17. (=25.) [[Amarindra]]
|18= 18. (=26.) Ngoen Sae-tan
|19= 19. (=27.) Kaeo, Princess Srisudarak
|20= 20. [[Rama III|Nangklao]] (Rama III)
|21= 21. Sap
|22= 22. But
|23= 23. Chaem
|24= 24. (=16.) [[Rama I|Phutthayotfa Chulalok]] (Rama I)
|25= 25. (=17.) [[Amarindra]]
|26= 26. (=18.) Ngoen Sae-tan
|27= 27. (=19.) Kaeo, Princess Srisudarak
|28=
}}
}}


Line 171: Line 201:


==External links==
==External links==
*[http://www.bangkokpost.net/kingmahidol/ Biography of Prince Mahidol of Songkla, Bangkok Post site]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20071010025222/http://www.bangkokpost.net/kingmahidol/ Biography of Prince Mahidol of Songkla, Bangkok Post site]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20050308214314/http://www.si.mahidol.ac.th/eng/prince.htm Biography of Prince Mahidol and his work at Siriraj Hospital]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20050308214314/http://www.si.mahidol.ac.th/eng/prince.htm Biography of Prince Mahidol and his work at Siriraj Hospital]
*[http://www.princemahidolaward.org/ Prince Mahidol Award Foundation]
*[http://www.princemahidolaward.org/ Prince Mahidol Award Foundation]
Line 177: Line 207:
{{Houses descended from King Chulalongkorn}}
{{Houses descended from King Chulalongkorn}}
{{King Chulalongkorn's children who received Krom titles}}
{{King Chulalongkorn's children who received Krom titles}}
{{Thai princes}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2011}}

{{Rattanakosin}}
{{Rattanakosin}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}

{{Thai sort key not needed}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Mahidol Adulyadej}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Mahidol Adulyadej}}
[[Category:1892 births]]
<!-- Categories -->
[[Category:1929 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century Thai people]]
[[Category:Thai male Chao Fa]]
[[Category:Thai male Chao Fa]]
[[Category:Chakri dynasty]]
[[Category:Mahidol family]]
[[Category:House of Mahidol]]
[[Category:Academic staff of Chulalongkorn University]]
[[Category:Chulalongkorn family]]
[[Category:Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health alumni]]
[[Category:Academics of Chulalongkorn University]]
[[Category:Harvard Medical School alumni]]
[[Category:Harvard School of Public Health alumni]]
[[Category:People educated at Harrow School]]
[[Category:People educated at Harrow School]]
[[Category:Knights of the Order of the Nine Gems]]
[[Category:Knights Grand Cordon of the Order of Chula Chom Klao]]
[[Category:Knights Grand Cordon of the Order of Chula Chom Klao]]
[[Category:1892 births]]
[[Category:Children of Chulalongkorn]]
[[Category:1929 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century Chakri dynasty]]
[[Category:Sons of kings]]
[[Category:Heirs presumptive]]

Latest revision as of 13:41, 23 December 2024

"Mahidol" redirects here. For other uses, see Mahidol (disambiguation).

  • Mahidol Adulyadej
  • มหิดลอดุลยเดช
Prince Father of Thailand
Prince Mahidol, c. 1914–1929
Born(1892-01-01)1 January 1892
Bangkok, Siam
Died24 September 1929(1929-09-24) (aged 37)
Bangkok, Siam
Burial16 March 1930
Royal Crematorium, Sanam Luang, Bangkok
Spouse
​
(m. 1920)​
Issue
Detail
Names
Mahidol Adulyadej Naresuan Maharajadhibodindra Chulalongkoranindravarangkun Sombunbenjabhon Sirisavati Khattiya Warophatosuchati Kunnasangkatkiatprakit Laksanavichit Phisitburut Chanuttamarat Phattanasak Akavorarajakumarn
Posthumous name
Mahitala Dhibesra Adulyadej Vikrom
HouseMahidol (Chakri dynasty)
FatherChulalongkorn (Rama V)
MotherSavang Vadhana
ReligionTheravada Buddhism
Signature
Military career
AllegianceKingdom of Siam
Branch
Years of service1908–1914
Rank
Styles of
  • Prince Mahidol Adulyadej
  • Prince Father of Thailand
Reference styleHis Royal Highness
Spoken styleYour Royal Highness

Mahitala Dhibesra Adulyadej Vikrom, the Prince Father[1] (Thai: สมเด็จพระมหิตลาธิเบศร อดุลยเดชวิกรม พระบรมราชชนก RTGS: Somdet Phra Mahitalathibet Adunyadetwikrom Phra Borommaratchachanok, 1 January 1892 – 24 September 1929), formerly Prince Mahidol Adulyadej, Prince of Songkhla (Thai: สมเด็จเจ้าฟ้ามหิดลอดุลยเดช กรมหลวงสงขลานครินทร์) or Mahidol Songkla, was the father of King Ananda Mahidol (Rama VIII) and King Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX) of Thailand, and the paternal grandfather of King Vajiralongkorn (Rama X). He was also regarded as the father of modern medicine and public health in Thailand. He also founded the House of Mahidol or the present Royal Family of Thailand.[2] His two sons reigned for more than eight decades, longer than the Ibn Saud siblings of Saudi Arabia, and the Nahyan siblings of Abu Dhabi.

Prince Mahidol was the 69th child of King Chulalongkorn and the 7th of Queen Savang Vadhana. His mother also adopted four other royal princes whose commoner mother (Chao Chom Manda) had died; among them was Prince Rangsit Prayulsak, later Prince of Chainat, who became a very close friend of Prince Mahidol during his childhood. Later in their lives, Prince Rangsit would play a pivotal role in Mahidol's career, and would later be appointed regent to one of Mahidol's sons, Bhumibol.

Early life

[edit]
Younger Prince Mahidol Adulyadej and Princess Valaya Alongkorn
Prince Mahidol Adulyadej (center) with Prince Vajirunhis and Princess Piyamavadi

Like the other sons of King Chulalongkorn, Prince Mahidol started his education at the Royal School within the Grand Palace. He received the title of Prince of Songkla at age 13.

He was sent to London in 1905, and after spending a year and a half in Harrow School, he moved to Germany to join the Royal Prussian Military Preparatory College at Potsdam according to the wish of his father, then continued his military education at the Imperial Military Academy at Groß–Lichterfelde in Berlin. Following the wish of his half-brother, King Vajiravudh, he then entered the Imperial German Naval Academy at Flensburg-Mürwik. While there, he won a competition in submarine design. He was commissioned Lieutenant in both the Imperial German Navy and the Royal Thai Navy in 1912.

The start of World War I compelled the Prince to come back to Thailand in 1914; he was assigned to a teaching post at the Royal Naval Academy. He continued his interest in smaller vessels, including submarines and torpedo boats; this later led to conflict at a meeting, where he was overruled by senior naval officers, most of whom were British graduates and preferred larger vessels. The Prince, feeling that his expertise would never be used, resigned his post nine months after joining the Navy.

Medical career

[edit]
Prince Mahidol Adulyadej with his sister Princess Valaya Alongkorn and his mother, Queen Sri Savarindira (Savang Vadhana).

His half-brother and old friend Prince Rangsit then came into play. He was at that time Chief of the Royal Medical College. Medical and public health education at that time lagged behind the Western standard. The Medical College and its hospital, Siriraj, were small, crowded, underfunded, understaffed and ill-equipped.

Prince of Songkhla in Royal Guards uniform

Prince Rangsit, himself a lesser-class prince (as his mother was a commoner), thought that to have someone of high prestige like Prince Mahidol (who was a first-class celestial prince as he was born to a royal mother who was also a daughter of a king) supporting the movement to improve medical practice and public health in Thailand would generate more interest and probably more funding. He strategically invited Prince Mahidol to a boat trip along the Bangkok Yai and Bangkok Noi canals. His office, Siriraj Hospital, was on the route, and this was where he invited his half-brother to stop and have a look around. Having seen Mahidol's reaction to the poor state of the hospital, Prince Rangsit asked him if he wanted to help; Mahidol's answer at that time was, however, not very positive as he was concerned that he knew nothing about medicine himself. However, a few days elapsed and he agreed to help. He also decided he would study in related fields himself.

Thus the Prince went to Cambridge, Massachusetts to study public health at Harvard. He also asked Prince Rangsit to select four students to be sent to the U.S.: two medical students who would be funded by Mahidol himself and two nursing students who would be funded by his mother, Queen Savang Vadhana. It was said that the Prince went to the train station to greet the students himself. This was when an unintended sequel of Prince Rangsit's scheme occurred: one of the nursing students who arrived was the 18-year-old Miss Sangwal Talabhat, future wife of Prince Mahidol and mother of two future kings of Thailand. Mahidol diligently looked after his students, and thus became close to Miss Talabhat, who then accompanied him back to Thailand three years later to attend the funeral of Queen Saovabha. While there, they married under the royal blessing of his half-brother King Vajiravudh at Sapathum Palace before returning to Harvard. He received his Certificate in Public Health in the following year (1921).

After his study, he went to Edinburgh for a break but was also asked to represent the Thai government in liaising with the Rockefeller Foundation, which was offering monetary and technical help to improve Thailand's medical and public health education. His first child, Princess Galyani Vadhana, was born in London in 1923. He returned to Thailand in the same year to take the position of Director-General of the University Department in the Ministry of Education. Apart from his administrative duties, he also taught pre-clinical medical students at the Royal Medical College.

Later life

[edit]

In 1925 he went to Heidelberg, Germany to have his kidneys treated before going back to his alma mater Harvard University, this time to study medicine. It was in Heidelberg where his first son Prince Ananda Mahidol was born in the same year. His youngest son Prince Bhumibol was born in Massachusetts in 1927; six months later he received his M.D. cum laude.[3] He returned to Thailand in December 1928.

One of the first things he did when he returned was to set up scholarships for students in the fields of medicine, nursing, and public health. He was planning to return to Siriraj Hospital for an internship. However, his princely status then became a problem as it was felt that he was too prestigious to be allowed an internship. Undeterred, Mahidol chose another hospital in a more egalitarian environment – the missionary-run McCormick Hospital in Chiang Mai. He worked there, day and night, as a resident doctor. His patients fondly called him "Mho Chao Fa" ('Doctor Prince').

Statue of Mahidol Adulyadej in Siriraj Hospital

Before long, complications with his kidney problems resurfaced. Three weeks after he started working, he visited Bangkok to attend the funeral of his uncle, and was never able to return to Chiang Mai. It appeared that he also had liver abscess, and his health continually deteriorated. Prince Mahidol died on 24 September 1929 at Sapathum Palace.

He was posthumously given the title of the Prince Father (Somdej Phra Mahittalathibet Adulyadejvikrom Phra Borommarajachanok – สมเด็จพระมหิตลาธิเบศ อดุลยเดชวิกรม พระบรมราชชนก) with a special royal rank equivalent to front palaces.

Legacy

[edit]
Wreath laying on Mahidol Day, pictured here in 2022 at Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University

Prince Mahidol of Songkla taught at Chulalongkorn University. Apart from being an instructor and administrator at the university, he was also of one of its great benefactors. He donated a large amount of his own fortune to set up scholarships which enabled university lecturers in science and medicine to further their studies. He negotiated with Rockefeller Foundation in helping the university improve from its poor academic foundation.[4]

His legacies remain to this day. The students sent abroad under his scholarships became key players in modern medicine of Thailand: many were regarded as great teachers, and some helped establish new medical schools and universities. The Royal Medical School later became the Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Chulalongkorn University. It was key source of faculty of Medical University when it was founded in 1943. In 1969 the Medical University was granted the Prince's name by royal decree and became Mahidol University. The "Prince of Songkla" title became the name of Prince of Songkla University in 1967.

In commemoration of the centenary of the Prince's birth, the Prince Mahidol Award was created in 1992. This is an international award in the fields of medicine, public health, and social services. The anniversary of his passing is observed as Mahidol Day.

The following places are named after him:

Public health institute
Academy
Species
Others

Issue

[edit]
Name Birth Death Marriage Their children
Date Spouse
Galyani Vadhana, Princess of Naradhiwas 6 May 1923 2 January 2008 (aged 84) 11 July 1944
Divorced 1950 		Aram Rattanakul Serireongrit Dhasanawalaya Ratanakul Serireongrit
24 September 1969 Prince Varananda Dhavaj None
Ananda Mahidol (Rama VIII) 20 September 1925 9 June 1946 (aged 20) None None
Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX) 5 December 1927 13 October 2016 (aged 88) 28 April 1950 Sirikit Kitiyakara Princess Ubolratana
Vajiralongkorn (Rama X)
Sirindhorn, Princess Royal
Chulabhorn, Princess Srisavangavadhana

Military rank

[edit]

Wild Tiger Corps of Thailand rank

[edit]

Civil Service of Siam rank

[edit]

Ancestry

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "List of Royal Titles". Somdetch Phra Mahitala Dhibesra Adulyadej Vikrom the Prince Father Foundation. Retrieved 1 January 2019.
  2. ^ Post Publishing PCL. "Prince Mahidol & medical education in Thailand". bangkokpost.com.
  3. ^ "Thailand's "Father of Modern Medicine"". News. 23 January 2014. Retrieved 22 December 2018.
  4. ^ William H. Becker. "Assets: Rockefellerfoundation." Rockefellerfoundation. 2013. https://assets.rockefellerfoundation.org/app/uploads/20131001203515/Innovative-Partners.pdf Archived 20 December 2016 at the Wayback Machine (29 November 2016 ที่เข้าถึง).
  5. ^ 12 พฤศจิกายน 2536 พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรมินทรมหาภูมิพลอดุลยเดช ทรงลงพระปรมาภิไธยพระราชทานนามอาคารคณะสาธารณสุขศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยบูรพา ที่กำลังก่อสร้าง เป็น "อาคารมหิตลาธิเบศร" ตามพระนามของ "พระบิดาแห่งการสาธารณสุขไทย" 25 มกราคม 2538 สมเด็จพระเทพรัตนราชสุดาฯ สยามบรมราชกุมารี เสด็จพระราชดำเนินทรงเป็นองค์ประธานในพิธีเปิดอาคารภายในมหาวิทยาลัยบูรพา ประกอบด้วย อาคารมหิตลาธิเบศร อาคารศรีนครินทร์ และอาคาร 60 พรรษา มหาราชินี
  6. ^ "Mahidolia mystacina, Flagfin prawn goby : aquarium". fishbase.mnhn.fr.
  7. ^ "วันที่ ๒๕ เมษายน ๒๔๖๕ ราชกิจจานุเบกษา เล่ม ๔๓ น่า ๓๓๖" (PDF). Retrieved 7 July 2024.
  8. ^ "ประกาศสำนักนายกรัฐมนตรี เรื่อง พระราชทานพระยศทหาร" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 December 2011. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
  9. ^ a b "ข่าวสิ้นพระชนม์" (PDF). Retrieved 7 July 2024.
  10. ^ a b "Prince Mahidol Award Foundation under the Royal Patronage". Archived from the original on 24 July 2008.
[edit]
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