Samuel R. Watkins: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|American writer and humorist (1839–1901)}} |
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| name = Samuel R. Watkins |
| name = Samuel R. Watkins |
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| image = Sam Watkins.jpg |
| image = Sam Watkins.jpg |
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| caption = Watkins in uniform, {{Circa}} 1861 |
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| image_size = 200x300px |
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| pseudonym = Sam. R. Watkins |
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| birth_name = Samuel Rush Watkins |
| birth_name = Samuel Rush Watkins |
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| birth_date = {{birth date|1839|06|26}} |
| birth_date = {{birth date|1839|06|26}} |
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| birth_place = [[Mount Pleasant, Tennessee]] |
| birth_place = [[Mount Pleasant, Tennessee]] |
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| death_date = {{death date and age|1901|07|20|1839|06|26}} |
| death_date = {{death date and age|1901|07|20|1839|06|26}} |
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| death_place = [[Maury County, Tennessee]] |
| death_place = [[Maury County, Tennessee]] |
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| resting_place = [[Zion Presbyterian Church (Columbia, Tennessee)|Zion Cemetery]],<br />Maury County, Tennessee |
| resting_place = [[Zion Presbyterian Church (Columbia, Tennessee)|Zion Cemetery]],<br />Maury County, Tennessee, U.S. |
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| resting_place_coordinates = {{coord|35|35|55.2|N|87|08|42.0|W|region:US-TN_type:landmark|display=inline}} |
| resting_place_coordinates = {{coord|35|35|55.2|N|87|08|42.0|W|region:US-TN_type:landmark|display=inline}} |
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| occupation = {{flatlist| |
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| pseudonym = Sam. R. Watkins |
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* [[Clerk]] |
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* [[soldier]] |
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* [[farmer]] |
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}} |
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| alma_mater = [[Jackson College (Tennessee)|Jackson College]] |
| alma_mater = [[Jackson College (Tennessee)|Jackson College]] |
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| period = 1881–1900 |
| period = 1881–1900 |
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| notablework = ''Co. Aytch'' |
| notablework = ''Co. Aytch'' |
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| spouse = {{marriage|Virginia Mayes |
| spouse = {{marriage|Virginia Mayes Watkins|September 5, 1865}} |
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| years_active = 1881–1882 |
| years_active = 1881–1882 |
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| module = {{Infobox military person|embed=yes |
| module = {{Infobox military person|embed=yes |
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| allegiance = {{flag|Confederate States|1865}} |
| allegiance = {{flag|Confederate States|1865}} |
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| branch = {{army|CSA |
| branch = {{army|CSA}} |
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| serviceyears = 1861–1865 |
| serviceyears = 1861–1865 |
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| rank = [[Corporal (rank)|Corporal]] |
| rank = [[Corporal (rank)|Corporal]] |
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| unit = Company H, [[1st Tennessee Infantry Regiment |
| unit = Company H, [[1st Tennessee Infantry Regiment]] |
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| battles = [[American Civil War]]<br /> |
| battles = [[American Civil War]]<br /> |
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*[[Battle of Cheat Mountain]] |
*[[Battle of Cheat Mountain]] |
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*[[Battle of Shiloh |
*[[Battle of Shiloh]] |
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*[[Siege of Corinth]] |
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*[[Battle of Perryville]] |
*[[Battle of Perryville]] |
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*[[Battle of Stones River |
*[[Battle of Stones River]]{{WIA}} |
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*[[Battle of Chickamauga |
*[[Battle of Chickamauga]] |
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*[[Chattanooga Campaign]] |
*[[Chattanooga Campaign]] |
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*[[ |
*[[Atlanta campaign]] |
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*[[Battle of Rocky Face Ridge]] |
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*[[Battle of Resaca]] |
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*[[Battle of Kennesaw Mountain]] |
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*[[Battle of Atlanta]]{{WIA}} |
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*[[Battle of Franklin (1864)|Franklin Campaign]] |
*[[Battle of Franklin (1864)|Franklin Campaign]] |
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*[[Battle of Nashville |
*[[Battle of Nashville]] |
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*[[Battle of Bentonville]] |
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}} |
}} |
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}} |
}} |
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⚫ | |||
⚫ | '''Samuel Rush Watkins''' (June 26, 1839 – July 20, 1901) was an American writer and humorist. He fought through the entire [[American Civil War]] and saw action in many battles. Today, he is best known for his memoir ''"Co. Aytch"'' (1882), which recounts his life as a soldier in the [[1st Tennessee Infantry Regiment]].<ref name="Watkins2015bc">{{cite book |last=Watkins |first=Sam |date=2015 |orig-year=1st pub. Cumberland Presbyterian Publishing House:1882 |editor-last=Furman |editor-first=Katherine |title=Co. "Aytch": The First Tennessee Regiment or a Side Show to the Big Show |edition=Complete Illustrated |location=Minneapolis, Minn. |publisher=[[The Quarto Group|Zenith Press]] |no-pp=y |page=Back cover |isbn=978-0-7603-4775-1 |oclc=928999663}}</ref> |
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==Life== |
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⚫ | In May 1861, 21 |
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==Soldier== |
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⚫ | In 1881, with a "house full of young 'rebels' clustering about my elbows," Watkins began to chronicle his experiences in the First Tennessee Regiment. ''"Co. Aytch"'' is considered to be one of the |
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⚫ | In May 1861, 21-year-old Sam Watkins of [[Maury County, Tennessee]], rushed to join the army when his state left the [[Union (American Civil War)|Union]]. He became part of Company H (or Co. "Aytch," as he called it), 1st Tennessee Infantry Regiment, fought from [[Shiloh National Military Park|Shiloh]] to [[Battle of Nashville|Nashville]], and acted as one of only seven men who remained in the company when it was surrendered to U.S. Major-General [[William Tecumseh Sherman|W. T. Sherman]] in North Carolina, April 1865.<ref name="Watkins2015fc">{{cite book |last=Watkins |first=Sam |date=2015 |orig-year=1st pub. Cumberland Presbyterian Publishing House:1882 |editor-last=Furman |editor-first=Katherine |title=Co. "Aytch": The First Tennessee Regiment or a Side Show to the Big Show |edition=Complete Illustrated |location=Minneapolis, Minn. |publisher=[[The Quarto Group|Zenith Press]] |no-pp=y |page=Front cover |isbn=978-0-7603-4775-1 |oclc=928999663}}</ref> When he died at 62, Watkins was buried with full military honors.<ref name="Watkins2015bc"/> |
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== |
=="Co. Aytch"== |
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⚫ | In 1881, with a "house full of young 'rebels' clustering about my elbows," Watkins began to chronicle his experiences in the First Tennessee Regiment. ''"Co. Aytch"'' is considered to be one of the great memoirs written by a soldier of the field.<ref name="Watkins2015fc"/> Originally published as a serial newspaper column from 1881 to 1882 in ''[[Daily Herald (Columbia, Tennessee)|The Columbia Herald]]'', his stories were collected and printed in book form in 1882.<ref name="Watkins2015bc"/><ref>{{cite news |last=Leigh |first=Phil |date=March 15, 2013 |title=Private Watkins's War |url=http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/03/15/private-watkins-war/?_r=0 |newspaper=The New York Times |series=Disunion |access-date=August 23, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Watkins|first=Samuel|title="Co. Aytch": Maury Grays, First Tennessee Regiment; or, A Side Show of the Big Show|url={{Google books|HyhCAAAAIAAJ|page=136|plainurl=yes}}|page=136}}</ref> The charming prose captures the experience of the common private soldier, from the hardships of camp life to the horrors of battle, the camaraderie of a unit to the loss of a brother, the pride in one's state to the devastation of defeat.<ref name="Watkins2015bc"/> |
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⚫ | |||
==Memorials== |
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⚫ | |||
==In popular culture== |
==In popular culture== |
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Watkins is |
Watkins is featured and quoted in [[Ken Burns]]' 1990 documentary titled [[The Civil War (documentary)|''The Civil War'']] and in the film titled ''Civil War: The Untold Story''<ref>''Civil War: The Untold Story'' http://civilwartheuntoldstory.org .</ref> (See specific quotes from Watkins in Wikiquotes [https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/The_Civil_War_(documentary)].) |
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The song "Kennesaw Line" by Don Oja-Dunaway |
The song "Kennesaw Line" by Don Oja-Dunaway tells a heart-breaking vignette of the [[Battle of Kennesaw Mountain]] on the morning of June 27, 1864, from the perspective of Sam Watkins, with part of the lyrics directly paraphrasing his description from the book "Company Aytch" (see the section entitled "Dead Angle").<ref>For example, in the book he wrote "Well, on the fatal morning of June 27th, the sun rose clear and cloudless, the heavens seemed made of brass, and the earth of hot iron, and as the sun began to mount toward the zenith, everything became quiet, and no sound was heard save a peckerwood on a neighboring tree." {{cite book |last=Watkins |first=Sam. R. |date=1882 |title="Co. Aytch", or, A Side Show of the Big Show and Other Sketches |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HyhCAAAAIAAJ&q=dead+angle|access-date=27 Sep 2018}} |
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The corresponding lyrics: |
The corresponding lyrics: |
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<blockquote> |
<blockquote> |
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Well the sun rose high above us that morning<br/> |
Well the sun rose high above us that morning<br /> |
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On a clear and cloudless day<br/> |
On a clear and cloudless day<br /> |
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A peckerwood, he tapped on a tree<br/> |
A peckerwood, he tapped on a tree<br /> |
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That would soon be shot away<br/> |
That would soon be shot away<br /> |
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The heat blistered down through the leaves on the trees<br/> |
The heat blistered down through the leaves on the trees<br /> |
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The air seemed hot enough to catch fire<br/> |
The air seemed hot enough to catch fire<br /> |
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Heaven seemed to be made of brass<br/> |
Heaven seemed to be made of brass<br /> |
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The sun rose higher and higher<br/> |
The sun rose higher and higher<br /> |
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</blockquote> |
</blockquote> |
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{{cite web|url=http://www.bluegrassnet.com/lyrics/kennesaw-line#.VDUytR-c3J8|title=Kennesaw Line| |
{{cite web|url=http://www.bluegrassnet.com/lyrics/kennesaw-line#.VDUytR-c3J8|title=Kennesaw Line|access-date=8 Oct 2014}} The best-known version of this song is sung by [[Claire Lynch]] on the album ''Lines & Traces'' by the Front Porch String Band.{{Cite web|url=https://bluegrasstoday.com/hills-of-alabam-front-porch-string-band/|website=Bluegrass Today|title=Hills of Alabam – Front Porch String Band|date=December 20, 2012 }}</ref> |
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==See also== <!-- EDITORS NOTE: This section should primarily contain lists linked to the main article which are directly related to the person. Thank you. --> |
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==See also== |
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* [[American literary regionalism]] |
* [[American literary regionalism]] |
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* [[American realism]] |
* [[American realism]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
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'''Notes''' |
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{{Reflist |
{{Reflist}} |
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'''Sources''' |
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*{{NARA}} |
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==Further reading== |
==Further reading== |
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* {{cite web |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Biographies: Sam Watkins |url=https://www.pbs.org/kenburns/civil-war/war/bios/#/detail/sam-watkins |website=[[The Civil War (TV series)|The Civil War]] |publisher=[[PBS]] |date=2015 |access-date=August 23, 2016}} |
* {{cite web |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Biographies: Sam Watkins |url=https://www.pbs.org/kenburns/civil-war/war/bios/#/detail/sam-watkins |website=[[The Civil War (TV series)|The Civil War]] |publisher=[[PBS]] |date=2015 |access-date=August 23, 2016}} |
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* {{cite web |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Recollections of the Battle of Perryville |url=http://www.civilwar.org/education/history/primarysources/recollections-of-the-battle.html |website=[[Civil War Trust]] |date=2014 |access-date=August 23, 2016}} |
* {{cite web |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Recollections of the Battle of Perryville |url=http://www.civilwar.org/education/history/primarysources/recollections-of-the-battle.html |website=[[Civil War Trust]] |date=2014 |access-date=August 23, 2016}} |
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* {{cite web|title=Co. Aytch|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HyhCAAAAIAAJ|website=Google Books | access-date=November 7, 2022| last1=Watkins | first1=Samuel R. | year=1900 }} |
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* Edward John Harcourt, “Would to God I could tear the page from these memoirs and from my own memory”: Co. Aytch and the Confederate Sensibility of Loss,” Southern Cultures (Winter 2017-8): 7-28 |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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{{Commons category}} |
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* [http://tennessee-scv.org/camp29/ Samuel R. Watkins Camp No. 29] of the [[Sons of Confederate Veterans]] |
* [http://tennessee-scv.org/camp29/ Samuel R. Watkins Camp No. 29] of the [[Sons of Confederate Veterans]] |
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* {{Internet Archive author|sname=Samuel Rush Watkins|sopt=t}} |
* {{Internet Archive author|sname=Samuel Rush Watkins|sopt=t}} |
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* {{worldcat id|id=lccn-n99014921}} |
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* {{Librivox author|id=2263}} |
* {{Librivox author|id=2263}} |
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[[Category:1839 births]] |
[[Category:1839 births]] |
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[[Category:1901 deaths]] |
[[Category:1901 deaths]] |
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[[Category:19th-century male writers]] |
[[Category:19th-century American male writers]] |
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[[Category:19th-century American short story writers]] |
[[Category:19th-century American short story writers]] |
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[[Category:American autobiographers]] |
[[Category:American autobiographers]] |
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[[Category:American columnists]] |
[[Category:American columnists]] |
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[[Category:American humorists]] |
[[Category:American humorists]] |
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[[Category:American male non-fiction writers]] |
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[[Category:American male short story writers]] |
[[Category:American male short story writers]] |
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[[Category:American memoirists]] |
[[Category:19th-century American memoirists]] |
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[[Category:American Presbyterians]] |
[[Category:American Presbyterians]] |
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[[Category:Confederate States Army soldiers]] |
[[Category:Confederate States Army soldiers]] |
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[[Category:Farmers from Tennessee]] |
[[Category:Farmers from Tennessee]] |
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[[Category:People from Mount Pleasant, Tennessee]] |
[[Category:People from Mount Pleasant, Tennessee]] |
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[[Category:People of Tennessee in the American Civil War]] |
[[Category:People of Tennessee in the American Civil War]] |
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[[Category:Writers from Tennessee]] |
[[Category:Writers from Tennessee]] |
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[[Category:People from Maury County, Tennessee]] |
Latest revision as of 01:41, 10 November 2024
Samuel R. Watkins | |
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Born | Samuel Rush Watkins June 26, 1839 Mount Pleasant, Tennessee |
Died | July 20, 1901 Maury County, Tennessee | (aged 62)
Resting place | Zion Cemetery, Maury County, Tennessee, U.S. 35°35′55.2″N 87°08′42.0″W / 35.598667°N 87.145000°W |
Pen name | Sam. R. Watkins |
Occupation | |
Alma mater | Jackson College |
Period | 1881–1900 |
Years active | 1881–1882 |
Notable work | Co. Aytch |
Spouse |
Virginia Mayes Watkins
(m. 1865) |
Military career | |
Allegiance | Confederate States |
Service | Confederate States Army |
Years of service | 1861–1865 |
Rank | Corporal |
Unit | Company H, 1st Tennessee Infantry Regiment |
Battles / wars | American Civil War
|
Samuel Rush Watkins (June 26, 1839 – July 20, 1901) was an American writer and humorist. He fought through the entire American Civil War and saw action in many battles. Today, he is best known for his memoir "Co. Aytch" (1882), which recounts his life as a soldier in the 1st Tennessee Infantry Regiment.[1]
Soldier
[edit]In May 1861, 21-year-old Sam Watkins of Maury County, Tennessee, rushed to join the army when his state left the Union. He became part of Company H (or Co. "Aytch," as he called it), 1st Tennessee Infantry Regiment, fought from Shiloh to Nashville, and acted as one of only seven men who remained in the company when it was surrendered to U.S. Major-General W. T. Sherman in North Carolina, April 1865.[2] When he died at 62, Watkins was buried with full military honors.[1]
"Co. Aytch"
[edit]In 1881, with a "house full of young 'rebels' clustering about my elbows," Watkins began to chronicle his experiences in the First Tennessee Regiment. "Co. Aytch" is considered to be one of the great memoirs written by a soldier of the field.[2] Originally published as a serial newspaper column from 1881 to 1882 in The Columbia Herald, his stories were collected and printed in book form in 1882.[1][3][4] The charming prose captures the experience of the common private soldier, from the hardships of camp life to the horrors of battle, the camaraderie of a unit to the loss of a brother, the pride in one's state to the devastation of defeat.[1]
Memorials
[edit]Camp No. 29 (established 1986) of the Sons of Confederate Veterans in Columbia, Tennessee, is named after him.
In popular culture
[edit]Watkins is featured and quoted in Ken Burns' 1990 documentary titled The Civil War and in the film titled Civil War: The Untold Story[5] (See specific quotes from Watkins in Wikiquotes [1].)
The song "Kennesaw Line" by Don Oja-Dunaway tells a heart-breaking vignette of the Battle of Kennesaw Mountain on the morning of June 27, 1864, from the perspective of Sam Watkins, with part of the lyrics directly paraphrasing his description from the book "Company Aytch" (see the section entitled "Dead Angle").[6]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]Notes
- ^ a b c d Watkins, Sam (2015) [1st pub. Cumberland Presbyterian Publishing House:1882]. Furman, Katherine (ed.). Co. "Aytch": The First Tennessee Regiment or a Side Show to the Big Show (Complete Illustrated ed.). Minneapolis, Minn.: Zenith Press. Back cover. ISBN 978-0-7603-4775-1. OCLC 928999663.
- ^ a b Watkins, Sam (2015) [1st pub. Cumberland Presbyterian Publishing House:1882]. Furman, Katherine (ed.). Co. "Aytch": The First Tennessee Regiment or a Side Show to the Big Show (Complete Illustrated ed.). Minneapolis, Minn.: Zenith Press. Front cover. ISBN 978-0-7603-4775-1. OCLC 928999663.
- ^ Leigh, Phil (March 15, 2013). "Private Watkins's War". The New York Times. Disunion. Retrieved August 23, 2016.
- ^ Watkins, Samuel. "Co. Aytch": Maury Grays, First Tennessee Regiment; or, A Side Show of the Big Show. p. 136.
- ^ Civil War: The Untold Story http://civilwartheuntoldstory.org .
- ^ For example, in the book he wrote "Well, on the fatal morning of June 27th, the sun rose clear and cloudless, the heavens seemed made of brass, and the earth of hot iron, and as the sun began to mount toward the zenith, everything became quiet, and no sound was heard save a peckerwood on a neighboring tree." Watkins, Sam. R. (1882). "Co. Aytch", or, A Side Show of the Big Show and Other Sketches. Retrieved September 27, 2018.
The corresponding lyrics:
Well the sun rose high above us that morning
On a clear and cloudless day
A peckerwood, he tapped on a tree
That would soon be shot away
The heat blistered down through the leaves on the trees
The air seemed hot enough to catch fire
Heaven seemed to be made of brass
The sun rose higher and higher
"Kennesaw Line". Retrieved October 8, 2014. The best-known version of this song is sung by Claire Lynch on the album Lines & Traces by the Front Porch String Band."Hills of Alabam – Front Porch String Band". Bluegrass Today. December 20, 2012.
Sources
- This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the National Archives and Records Administration.
Further reading
[edit]- "Biographies: Sam Watkins". The Civil War. PBS. 2015. Retrieved August 23, 2016.
- "Recollections of the Battle of Perryville". Civil War Trust. 2014. Retrieved August 23, 2016.
- Watkins, Samuel R. (1900). "Co. Aytch". Google Books. Retrieved November 7, 2022.
External links
[edit]- Samuel R. Watkins at Find a Grave
- Samuel R. Watkins Camp No. 29 of the Sons of Confederate Veterans
- Works by or about Samuel R. Watkins at the Internet Archive
- Works by Samuel R. Watkins at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)
- 1839 births
- 1901 deaths
- 19th-century American male writers
- 19th-century American short story writers
- 19th-century Presbyterians
- American autobiographers
- American columnists
- American humorists
- American male non-fiction writers
- American male short story writers
- 19th-century American memoirists
- American Presbyterians
- Confederate States Army soldiers
- Farmers from Tennessee
- People from Maury County, Tennessee
- People from Mount Pleasant, Tennessee
- People of Tennessee in the American Civil War
- Writers from Tennessee