Second Quebec Conference: Difference between revisions

Second Quebec Conference
*Octagon*
Second Quebec Conference; Octagon
	The Prime Minister's Reception hosted at the Château Frontenac
Host country	Canada
Date	September 12–16, 1944
Cities	Quebec City, Québec
Participants	United Kingdom; United States

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The Second Quebec Conference (codenamed "OCTAGON") was a high-level military conference held during World War II by the British and American governments. The conference was held in Quebec City, September 12 – September 16, 1944, and was the second conference to be held in Quebec, after "QUADRANT" in August 1943. The chief representatives were Winston Churchill, Franklin D. Roosevelt and the Combined Chiefs of Staff. Canada's Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King was the host but did not attend the key meetings.

Agreements were reached on the following topics: Allied occupation zones in defeated Germany, the Morgenthau Plan to demilitarize Germany, continued U.S. Lend-Lease aid to Britain, and the role of the Royal Navy in the war against Japan. Based on the Hyde Park Aide-Mémoire, they made plans to drop the atomic bomb on Japan.

General references

U.S. Secretary of the Combined Chiefs of Staff, ed. (1944). Papers and Minutes of Meetings of OCTAGON Conference and Minutes of Combined Chiefs of Staff Meetings in London, June 1944 (PDF). Combined Chiefs of Staff. ISBN 1-0755-1300-6. Wikidata Q130353290. Archived (PDF) from the original on September 23, 2024. Retrieved September 24, 2024.

External links

BBC Factfile: Second Quebec Conference

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+{{Short description|1944 wartime meeting of the UK and US governments in Canada}}
+{{One source |date=September 2024}}
+{{Use American English |date=September 2024}}
+{{Use mdy dates |date=September 2024}}
 {{Infobox summit meeting
 | name         = Second Quebec Conference
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 | motto        =
 | venues       =
-| cities       = [[Quebec City]], Canada
+| cities       = [[Quebec City]], Québec
 | participants = {{Flag|United Kingdom}}<br/>{{Flag|United States|1912}}
 | chairperson  =
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 | keypoints    =
 }}
+[[image:Eleanor Roosevelt in Canada 1944.gif|thumb|[[Eleanor Roosevelt]], [[Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone|Princess Alice]], and [[Clementine Churchill]] during the conference.]]
-[[Image:Eleanor Roosevelt in Canada 1944.gif|thumb|[[Eleanor Roosevelt]], [[Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone|Princess Alice]], and [[Clementine Churchill]] during the conference.]]
 The '''Second Quebec Conference''' (codenamed "OCTAGON") was a high-level military conference held during [[World War II]] by the British and American governments. The conference was held in [[Quebec City]], September 12 &ndash; September 16, 1944, and was the second conference to be held in Quebec, after [[Quebec Conference, 1943|"QUADRANT"]] in August 1943. The chief representatives were [[Winston Churchill]], [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] and the [[Combined Chiefs of Staff]].  Canada's Prime Minister  [[William Lyon Mackenzie King]] was the host but did not attend the key meetings.
-Agreements were reached on the following topics: Allied occupation zones in defeated Germany, the [[Morgenthau Plan]] to demilitarize Germany, continued U.S. [[Lend-Lease]] aid to Britain, and the role of the [[Royal Navy]] in the war against Japan. Based on the Hyde Park Aide-Mémoire, they made plans to drop the atomic bomb to Japan.
+Agreements were reached on the following topics: Allied occupation zones in defeated Germany, the [[Morgenthau Plan]] to demilitarize Germany, continued U.S. [[Lend-Lease]] aid to Britain, and the role of the [[Royal Navy]] in the war against Japan. Based on the Hyde Park Aide-Mémoire, they made plans to drop the atomic bomb on Japan.
 ==See also==
+* [[First Quebec Conference]]
-* [[List of World War II conferences]]
+* [[List of Allied World War II conferences]]
+==General references==
+{{refbegin}}
+* {{cite Q |Q130353290 |mode=cs1 |url-status=live |access-date=2024-09-24 }}
+{{refend}}
 ==Further reading==
-* Bernier, Serge. "Mapping Victory," ''Beaver'' (2008) 88#1 pp 69-72
+* Bernier, Serge. "Mapping Victory," ''Beaver'' (2008) 88#1 pp 69–72
-* John L. Chase [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2126031 "''The Development of the Morgenthau Plan Through the Quebec Conference''"] The [[Journal of Politics]], Vol. 16, No. 2 (May, 1954), pp. 324-359
+* John L. Chase [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2126031 "''The Development of the Morgenthau Plan Through the Quebec Conference''"] The [[Journal of Politics]], Vol. 16, No. 2 (May 1954), pp.&nbsp;324–359
-===Primary sources===
-* [http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/FRUS/FRUS-idx?id=FRUS.FRUS1944 United States Department of State ''Foreign relations of the United States, Conference at Quebec, 1944'']
 ==External links==
-{{commonscat|Quebec Conference, 1944}}
+{{Commons category|Quebec Conference, 1944}}
 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060814004031/http://www.bbc.co.uk/ww2peopleswar/timeline/factfiles/nonflash/a1144838.shtml?sectionId=6&articleId=1144838 BBC Factfile: Second Quebec Conference]
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 {{Winston Churchill}}
 {{Franklin D. Roosevelt}}
+{{Authority control}}
 [[Category:World War II conferences]]
@@ Line 53: / Line 59: @@
 [[Category:Canada–United Kingdom relations]]
 [[Category:1944 in Quebec]]
-[[Category:September 1944 events]]
+[[Category:September 1944 events in Canada]]

v t e Diplomatic history of World War II
Conferences	U.S.–British Staff Conference (1941) First Inter-Allied Conference (1941) Atlantic Conference (1941) Second Inter-Allied Conference (1941) First Moscow Conference (1941) Arcadia Conference (1941– 1942) Third Inter-Allied Conference (1942) Second Washington Conference (1942) Second Moscow Conference (1942) Casablanca Conference (1943) Adana Conference (1943) Third Washington Conference (1943) First Quebec Conference (1943) Third Moscow Conference (1943) Cairo Conference (1943) Greater East Asia Conference (1943) Tehran Conference (1943) Second Cairo Conference (1943) Commonwealth Prime Ministers' Conference (1944) Bretton Woods Conference (1944) Dumbarton Oaks Conference (1944) Second Quebec Conference (1944) Fourth Moscow Conference (1944) Malta Conference (1945) Yalta Conference (1945) United Nations Conference on International Organization (1945) Potsdam Conference (1945)
Declarations and treaties	Munich Agreement (1938) Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact (1939) Pact of Steel (1939) Anglo-Thai Non-Aggression Pact (1940) Destroyers-for-bases deal (1940) Franco-Italian Armistice (1940) Moscow Peace Treaty (1940) Tripartite Pact (1940) Declaration of St James's Palace (1941) Anglo-Soviet Agreement (1941) Armistice of Saint Jean d'Acre (1941) Atlantic Charter (1941) German–Turkish Treaty of Friendship (1941) Paris Protocols (1941) Declaration by United Nations (1942) Punishment for War Crimes (1942) Anglo-Soviet Treaty of 1942 (1942) Armistice of Cassibile (1943) Cairo Declaration (1943) Moscow Declarations (1943) Declaration of the Four Nations Treaty between the United States and China for the Relinquishment of Extraterritorial Rights in China Sino-British Treaty for the Relinquishment of Extra-Territorial Rights in China (1943) Moscow Armistice (1944) Nuremberg Charter (1945) Potsdam Agreement (1945) Potsdam Declaration (1945) United Nations Charter (1945) Paris Peace Treaties (1947) Treaty of San Francisco (1951) Austrian State Treaty (1955) Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany (1990)
Organizations	Anglo-French Supreme War Council Sino-American Cooperative Organization European Advisory Commission Council of Foreign Ministers
Related	German Instrument of Surrender Japanese Instrument of Surrender

v t e Franklin D. Roosevelt
32nd President of the United States (1933–1945) 44th Governor of New York (1929–1932) Assistant Secretary of the Navy (1913–1920) New York State Senator (1911–1913)
Presidency (timeline)	Transition Inaugurations (1st 2nd 3rd 4th) First and second terms Third and fourth terms Foreign policy New Deal overview New Deal coalition First 100 days Second New Deal Federal Emergency Relief Administration Civilian Conservation Corps Agricultural Adjustment Act Emergency Banking Act Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1944 Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act Tennessee Valley Authority National Labor Relations Act of 1935 National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933 Public Works Administration National Recovery Administration Works Progress Administration National Youth Administration Social Security Act Aid to Families with Dependent Children Communications Act of 1934 Federal Communications Commission Securities and Exchange Commission Monetary gold ownership Gold Reserve Act Silver seizure Record on civil rights Defense industry non-discrimination Fair Employment Practice Committee Indian Reorganization Act Executive Orders 9066, 9102 War Relocation Authority Japanese American internment German-American internment Italian-American internment Brownlow Committee Executive Office of the President G.I. Bill of Rights Cullen–Harrison Act Roerich Pact Four Freedoms Four Freedoms Monument Black Cabinet Jefferson's Birthday holiday Jefferson Memorial Judicial Court-Packing Bill Cannabis policy Federal Judicial appointments Supreme Court Harlan F. Stone Supreme Court nomination Wiley Rutledge Supreme Court nomination Cabinet "Brain Trust" March of Dimes Modern Oval Office Official car Criticism Franksgiving Executive Orders Presidential Proclamations
Presidential foreign policy	Banana Wars U.S. occupation of Nicaragua, 1912–1933 U.S. occupation of Haiti, 1915–1934 Good Neighbor Policy (1933–1945) Montevideo Convention (1933) Second London Naval Treaty (1936) ABCD line (1940) Export Control Act Four Policemen Destroyers-for-bases deal Lend-Lease 1940 Selective Service Act Hull note Atlantic Charter (1941) Military history of the United States during World War II Home front during World War II Combined Munitions Assignments Board War Production Board Declaration by United Nations (1942) Dumbarton Oaks Conference World War II conferences Quebec Agreement Europe first Morgenthau Plan support
Presidential speeches	1932 Acceptance speech Commonwealth Club Address Madison Square Garden speech "Four Freedoms" Day of Infamy speech Arsenal of Democracy "...is fear itself" Fireside chats "Look to Norway" Quarantine Speech "The More Abundant Life" State of the Union Address (1934 1938 1939 1940 1941 (Four Freedoms) 1944 (Second Bill of Rights) 1945)
Other events	Early life, education, career Warm Springs Institute Governorship of New York Business Plot Assassination attempt
Elections	1928 New York state election 1930 Democratic National Convention, 1920 1924 1932 1936 1940 1944 1920 United States presidential election 1932 theme song 1936 1940 1944
Life and homes	Early life and education Groton School Springwood birthplace, home, and gravesite Adams House FDR Suite Campobello home Paralytic illness Top Cottage Little White House, Warm Springs, Georgia
Legacy	Bibliography Statues Presidential Library and Museum Roosevelt Institute Roosevelt Institute Campus Network Franklin Delano Roosevelt Foundation Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial Roosevelt Island Four Freedoms Park White House Roosevelt Room Roosevelt Institute for American Studies USS Franklin D. Roosevelt USS Roosevelt Four Freedoms Award Four Freedoms paintings Unfinished portrait U.S. Postage stamps Roosevelt dime I'd Rather Be Right 1937 musical Films The Roosevelt Story 1947 Sunrise at Campobello 1960 Eleanor and Franklin 1976, The White House Years 1977 Backstairs at the White House 1979 miniseries World War II: When Lions Roared 1997 miniseries Warm Springs 2005 Hyde Park on Hudson 2012 The Roosevelts 2014 documentary The First Lady 2022 miniseries FDR 2023 miniseries Other namesakes
Family (Roosevelt • Delano)	Eleanor Roosevelt (wife) Anna Roosevelt Halsted (daughter) James Roosevelt II (son) Elliott Roosevelt (son) Franklin Delano Roosevelt Jr. (son) John Aspinwall Roosevelt II (son) James Roosevelt I (father) Sara Ann Delano (mother) James Roosevelt Roosevelt (half-brother) Isaac Roosevelt (grandfather) Warren Delano Jr. (grandfather) Fala (family dog) Major (family dog)
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