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{{Short description|American politician (born 1940)}}
<!-- ATTENTION EDITORS! Pelosi is still not speaker! Please do not edit this article to change that until she really is speaker. The vote for speaker will not be held until 2007. Furthermore, we do not know if Pelosi will definitely be voted speaker yet. Please do not assert she will! -->
{{redirect|Pelosi|other people with this surname|Pelosi (surname)}}
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{{Infobox_Congressman
{{Good article}}
|name= Nancy Pelosi
{{Use American English|date=February 2019}}
|image name=Nancy Pelosi official portrait.jpg
{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2024}}
|width= 200
{{Infobox officeholder
|state= California
| name = Nancy Pelosi
|district= [[California's 8th congressional district|8th]]
| image = Official photo of Speaker Nancy Pelosi in 2019.jpg
|party= [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
| caption = Official portrait, 2019
|term= [[1987]] - present
| order1 = 52nd<!--DO NOT CHANGE-->
|preceded= [[Sala Burton]]
| office1 = Speaker of the United States House of Representatives
|succeeded= incumbent
| term_start1 = January 3, 2019
|date of birth= [[March 26]], [[1940]]
| term_end1 = January 3, 2023
|place of birth= [[Baltimore, Maryland]]
| predecessor1 = [[Paul Ryan]]
|date of death=
| successor1 = [[Kevin McCarthy]]
|place of death=
| term_start2 = January 4, 2007
|spouse= Paul Pelosi<!--
| term_end2 = January 3, 2011
|speaker= 60th
| predecessor2 = [[Dennis Hastert]]
|term_start2= [[January 3]], [[2007]]
| successor2 = [[John Boehner]]
|term_end2= present
| office3 = [[Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives|House Minority Leader]]
|predecessor2= [[Dennis Hastert]]
| 1blankname3 = Whip
|successor2= Incumbent-->
| 1namedata3 = [[Steny Hoyer]]
| term_start3 = January 3, 2011
| term_end3 = January 3, 2019
| predecessor3 = John Boehner
| successor3 = Kevin McCarthy
| 1blankname4 = Whip
| 1namedata4 = Steny Hoyer
| term_start4 = January 3, 2003
| term_end4 = January 3, 2007
| predecessor4 = [[Dick Gephardt]]
| successor4 = John Boehner
| office5 = Leader of the [[House Democratic Caucus#Caucus Leader|House Democratic Caucus]]
| term_start5 = January 3, 2003
| term_end5 = January 3, 2023
| deputy5 = [[Steny Hoyer]]
| predecessor5 = Dick Gephardt
| successor5 = [[Hakeem Jeffries]]
| office6 = [[Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives|House Minority Whip]]
| leader6 = Dick Gephardt
| term_start6 = January 15, 2002
| term_end6 = January 3, 2003
| predecessor6 = [[David Bonior]]
| successor6 = Steny Hoyer
| office7 = Member of the<br/>[[United States House of Representatives|U.S. House of Representatives]]<br/>from [[California]]
| term_start7 = June 2, 1987
| term_end7 =
| predecessor7 = [[Sala Burton]]
| successor7 =
| constituency7 = {{unbulleted list|{{ushr|CA|5|5th district}} (1987{{ndash}}1993)|{{ushr|CA|8|8th district}} (1993{{ndash}}2013)|{{ushr|CA|12|12th district}} (2013{{ndash}}2023)|{{ushr|CA|11|11th district}} (2023{{ndash}}present)}}
| office8 = Chair of the [[California Democratic Party]]
| term_start8 = February 27, 1981
| term_end8 = April 3, 1983
| predecessor8 = Richard J. O'Neill
| successor8 = Peter Kelly
| awards = [[Presidential Medal of Freedom]] (2024)
| birth_name = Nancy Patricia D'Alesandro
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1940|3|26}}
| birth_place = [[Baltimore]], [[Maryland]], U.S.
| death_date =
| death_place =
| residence = [[San Francisco]], California, U.S.
| party = [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
| spouse = {{marriage|[[Paul Pelosi]]|1963}}
| children = 5, including [[Christine Pelosi|Christine]] and [[Alexandra Pelosi|Alexandra]]
| father = [[Thomas D'Alesandro&nbsp;Jr.]]
| relatives = [[Thomas D'Alesandro&nbsp;III]] (brother)
| education = [[Trinity Washington University|Trinity College, Washington]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])
| signature = Nancy Pelosi Signature.svg
| signature_alt = Cursive signature in ink
| website = {{URL|pelosi.house.gov|House website}}
| module = {{Listen|pos=center|embed=yes|filename=Speaker Nancy Pelosi Pays Tribute to Ambassador Richard Holbrooke.ogg|title=Nancy Pelosi's voice|type=speech|description=Pelosi speaks on the death of former ambassador [[Richard Holbrooke]].<br/>Recorded December 18, 2010}}
}}
}}
{{Liberalism US|expanded=politicians}}


'''Nancy Patricia Pelosi''' ({{IPAc-en|p|ə|ˈ|l|oʊ|s|i}} {{respell|pə|LOH|see}}; {{nee|'''D'Alesandro'''}}; born March 26, 1940) is an American politician who served as the [[List of Speakers of the United States House of Representatives|52nd]] [[speaker of the United States House of Representatives]] from 2007 to 2011 and again from 2019 to 2023. A member of the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]], she was the first woman elected as U.S. House Speaker and the first woman to lead a major political party in either chamber of [[United States Congress|Congress]], leading the [[House Democratic Caucus|House Democrats]] from 2003 to 2023. A member of the House since 1987, Pelosi currently represents {{ushr|CA|11}}, which includes most of [[San Francisco]]. She is the dean of [[United States congressional delegations from California|California's congressional delegation]].


Pelosi was born and raised in [[Baltimore]], and is the daughter of mayor and congressman [[Thomas D'Alesandro Jr.]] She graduated from [[Trinity Washington University|Trinity College, Washington]], in 1962 and married businessman [[Paul Pelosi]] the next year; the two had met while both were students. They moved to New York City before settling down in San Francisco with their children. Focused on raising her family, Pelosi stepped into politics as a volunteer for the Democratic Party in the 1960s. After years of party work, rising to chair the state party, she was first elected to Congress in a [[1987 California's 5th congressional district special election|1987 special election]] and is now in her 19th term. Pelosi steadily rose through the ranks of the House Democratic Caucus to be elected [[Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives|House minority whip]] in 2001<ref>{{Cite news |last=Eilperin |first=Juliet |date=October 11, 2001 |title=Democrats Pick Pelosi as House Whip|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/2001/10/11/democrats-pick-pelosi-as-house-whip/119bfb36-102c-4a67-bda1-03b0894c8edb/ |access-date=June 19, 2023 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref> and elevated to [[Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives|House minority leader]] a year later,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Democrats pick Pelosi as House leader |first=Sean |last=Loughlin |date=November 15, 2002 |publisher=CNN |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2002/ALLPOLITICS/11/14/democrats.leadership/ |access-date=June 19, 2023 |website=edition.cnn.com}}</ref> becoming the first woman to hold each of those positions in either chamber of Congress.
'''Nancy Patricia D'Alesandro Pelosi''' (born [[March 26]], [[1940]]) is the [[Minority Leader of the United States House of Representatives|House Minority Leader]] of the [[109th United States Congress|109th Congress of the United States]]. Since [[1987]], she has been the [[United States Democratic Party|Democratic]] Representative from the [[California's 8th congressional district|8th district of California]], which falls entirely within and includes most of the city and county of [[San Francisco]].


In the [[2006 midterm elections]], Pelosi led the Democrats to a majority in the House for the first time in 12 years and was subsequently elected Speaker, becoming the first woman to hold the office.<ref>{{Cite news |date=January 4, 2007 |title=Pelosi Sworn in as First Woman Speaker of the House |first=William |last=Branigin|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/technology/2007/01/04/pelosi-sworn-in-as-first-woman-speaker-of-the-house/32917f2c-c075-4d7a-b404-90e8c9fe7cea/ |access-date=June 19, 2023 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref> Until [[Kamala Harris]] became [[Vice president of the United States|vice president]] in [[United States 2020 presidential election|2021]], Pelosi was the highest-ranking woman in the [[United States presidential line of succession|presidential line of succession]] in U.S. history, as the speaker of the House is second in the line of succession. During her first speakership, Pelosi was a major opponent of the [[Iraq War]] as well as the [[Presidency of George W. Bush|Bush administration's]] [[Social Security debate in the United States|attempts to partially privatize]] [[Social Security (United States)|Social Security]]. She participated in the passage of the [[Presidency of Barack Obama#Major acts and legislation|Obama administration's landmark bills]], including the [[Affordable Care Act]], the [[Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act]], the [[Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Act]], the [[American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009]], and the [[2010 Tax Relief Act]]. Pelosi lost the speakership after the [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]] retook the majority in the [[2010 midterm elections]], but she retained her role as leader of the House Democrats and became House minority leader for a second time.
As a result of the Democrats winning control of the House in the [[United States Congressional elections, 2006|2006 midterm elections]], Pelosi is expected to become the next [[Speaker of the United States House of Representatives|Speaker of the House]] when Congress reconvenes in January 2007 for the [[110th United States Congress|110th Congress of the United States]].<ref name=Reuters>{{cite news
| last = Ferraro
| first = Thomas
| title = Pelosi set to become first woman to lead House
| publisher = [[Reuters]]
| date = Nov 8 2006
| url = http://elections.us.reuters.com/top/news/usnN08481716.html
| accessdate = 2006-11-12 }} </ref>
Pelosi is the first woman to lead a major political party in either house of Congress, and would be the first woman to serve as Speaker. If she were to indeed be elected Speaker, she would be the closest woman ever to the Presidency (behind the Vice President in succession).


In the [[2018 midterm elections]], Democrats regained majority control of the House, and Pelosi [[2019 Speaker of the United States House of Representatives election|was again elected Speaker]], becoming the first former speaker to reclaim the gavel since [[Sam Rayburn]] in 1955. During her second speakership, the House twice [[Federal impeachment in the United States|impeached]] President [[Donald Trump]], [[First impeachment of Donald Trump|first in December 2019]] and [[Second impeachment of Donald Trump|again in January 2021]]; the [[United States Senate|Senate]] acquitted Trump both times. She participated in the passage of the [[Biden administration]]'s landmark bills, including the [[American Rescue Plan Act of 2021]], the [[Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act]], the [[CHIPS and Science Act]], the [[Inflation Reduction Act of 2022]], and the [[Respect for Marriage Act]]. In the [[2022 midterm elections]], Republicans narrowly regained control of the House for the new Congress, ending her tenure as speaker. She subsequently retired as House Democratic leader. On November 29, 2022, the [[Steering and Policy Committees of the United States House of Representatives|Steering and Policy Committee]] of the House Democratic Caucus named Pelosi "Speaker Emerita". She was reelected in 2024 to her 20th term in the House upon the convening of the [[119th Congress]], which begins on January 3, 2025.
== Early life and career ==
Pelosi was born '''Nancy D'Alesandro''' to [[Italian American]] parents in [[Baltimore, Maryland]].<ref name=OSIA>{{cite web
| title = The Italian American Congressional Delegation
| publisher = [[Order Sons of Italy in America]]
| date = 2006
| url = http://www.osia.org/public/legislative/congress.asp
| accessdate = 2006-11-12 }}</ref> The youngest of six children, she was involved in [[politics]] at an early age. Her father, [[Thomas D'Alesandro, Jr.]], was a U.S. Congressman from Maryland and a [[Mayor of Baltimore]]. Her brother, [[Thomas L. J. D'Alesandro III]], also served as Mayor of Baltimore, from 1967 to 1971.


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Pelosi graduated from Baltimore's [[Institute of Notre Dame]] high school and from Trinity College (now [[Trinity Washington University]]) in Washington, D.C. in 1962, where she met Paul Pelosi. When the couple married, they moved to his hometown of San Francisco, where his brother was a member of the city's [[board of supervisors]] (San Francisco city and county council).


== Early life and education ==
Once the youngest of their five children became a senior in high school, Nancy Pelosi worked her way up in Democratic politics to become party chairwoman for [[Northern California]], and joined forces with one of the leaders of the California Democratic Party, 5th District Congressman [[Phillip Burton]].
Nancy Pelosi was born in [[Baltimore]], [[Maryland]], to an [[Italian-American]] family. She was the only daughter and the youngest of six children of Annunciata M. "Nancy" D'Alesandro (née Lombardi)<ref name=baltimoremag>{{cite news|url=https://www.baltimoremagazine.com/section/historypolitics/the-gavel-goes-back-to-nancy-dalesandro-pelosi-of-little-italy|title=The Gavel Goes Back to Nancy D'Alesandro Pelosi of Little Italy|website=Baltimore Magazine|author=Cassie, Ron|date=January 4, 2019|access-date=May 30, 2019|archive-date=July 13, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190713005136/https://www.baltimoremagazine.com/section/historypolitics/the-gavel-goes-back-to-nancy-dalesandro-pelosi-of-little-italy|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[Thomas D'Alesandro Jr.]]<ref name=":2">{{cite magazine|url=https://time.com/5388347/nancy-pelosi-democrats-feminism/|title=Nancy Pelosi Doesn't Care What You Think of Her|last=Ball|first=Molly|date=September 6, 2018|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|access-date=January 4, 2019|archive-date=January 15, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200115070540/https://time.com/5388347/nancy-pelosi-democrats-feminism/|url-status=live}}</ref> Her mother was born in [[Fornelli]], [[Isernia]], [[Molise]], in [[Southern Italy]], and immigrated to the U.S. in 1912;<ref>Stated on ''[[Finding Your Roots]]'', January 12, 2021</ref> her father traced his Italian ancestry to [[Genoa]], [[Venice]] and [[Abruzzo]].<ref name=":2" /> When Pelosi was born, her father was a Democratic congressman from Maryland. He became [[List of mayors of Baltimore|Baltimore mayor]] seven years later.<ref name=":D’AlesandroPoliticalFamily">{{cite news |url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/politics/bs-md-pol-dalesandro-family-20191021-w5ftn3ue2zdhfhzvvjr6fmu644-story.html |title=The D'Alesandros: a Baltimore political powerhouse that gave us two mayors and House Speaker Nancy Pelosi |last=Campbell |first=Colin |newspaper=[[The Baltimore Sun]]|access-date=October 22, 2019 |date=October 21, 2019}}</ref><ref name=":2" /><ref name="frelibrar">{{cite news |last=Puzzanghera |first=Jim |title=Pelosi's aim for center may steer pundits wrong |work=San Jose Mercury News |date=November 14, 2002 |url=http://www.accessmylibrary.com/article-1G1-119973286/pelosi-aim-center-may.html |access-date=March 20, 2010 |archive-date=September 3, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130903034154/http://www.accessmylibrary.com/article-1G1-119973286/pelosi-aim-center-may.html |url-status=live}}</ref> Pelosi's mother was also active in politics, organizing Democratic women and teaching her daughter political skills.<ref name="NYT010219">{{cite news|last=Stolberg|first=Sheryl Gay|date=January 2, 2019|title=Nancy Pelosi, Icon of Female Power, Will Reclaim Role as Speaker and Seal a Place in History|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/02/us/politics/nancy-pelosi-house-speaker.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190813155831/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/02/us/politics/nancy-pelosi-house-speaker.html|archive-date=August 13, 2019|access-date=January 3, 2019|work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Pelosi's brother, [[Thomas D'Alesandro III]], also a Democrat, was elected Baltimore City Council president and later served as mayor from 1967 to 1971.<ref name=":D’AlesandroPoliticalFamily" />


Pelosi helped her father at his campaign events, and she attended President [[John F. Kennedy]]'s [[Inaugural address of John F. Kennedy|inaugural address]] in January 1961.<ref name=":2" />
Pelosi is an honorary board member of the [[National Organization of Italian American Women]].


In 1958, Pelosi graduated from the [[Institute of Notre Dame]], an all-girls Catholic high school in Baltimore. In 1962, she graduated from Trinity College (now [[Trinity Washington University]]) in Washington, D.C., with a [[Bachelor of Arts]] in [[political science]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Clymer |first=Adam |date=October 11, 2001|title=A new vote counter—nancy patricia pelosi.|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Pelosi interned for Senator [[Daniel Brewster]] (D-Maryland) in the 1960s alongside future House Majority Leader [[Steny Hoyer]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/11/15/AR2006111501521.html|title=Pelosi Splits Democrats With Push For Murtha|first1=Jonathan|last1=Weisman |first2=Lois|last2=Romano|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|date=November 16, 2006|access-date=November 16, 2006|archive-date=December 1, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201132151/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/11/15/AR2006111501521.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
==Family==
Pelosi has five children: Nancy Corinne, Christine, Jacqueline, Paul and [[Alexandra Pelosi|Alexandra]]. Alexandra, a journalist, covered the Republican presidential campaigns in 2000 and made a movie about the experience, ''[[Journeys with George]]''. She also covered the campaigns in 2004 and wrote a book on it.


== Early career ==
The Pelosi family has a net worth of over $25 million, mainly from Paul's investments. Besides a large portfolio of jointly owned San Francisco Bay Area real estate, he also has millions of dollars worth of shares in publicly traded companies such as [[Microsoft]], [[Amazon.com]] and [[AT&T]].<ref name="richest">Zachary Coile: “[http://sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2004/06/26/BAG7B7CDMQ1.DTL Bay lawmakers among wealthiest / Feinstein and Pelosi continue to top the list of the richest members of Congress],” ''San Francisco Chronicle'', [[June 26]], [[2004]], p. B-3, retrieved [[October 29]], [[2006]].</ref> In [[2003]], the Pelosi family sold their 8 acre Rutherford vineyard.<ref name="richest"/>
[[File:President John F. Kennedy Attends Swearing-In of Thomas D'Alesandro.jpg|thumb|Pelosi, her mother, and President [[John F. Kennedy]] watch as her father is sworn in as a member of the Renegotiation Board, 1961.|left]]


After moving to [[San Francisco]], Pelosi became friends with 5th district congressman [[Phillip Burton]] and began working her way up in Democratic politics.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Marcovitz |first1=Hal |title=Nancy Pelosi: politician |url=https://archive.org/details/nancypelosipolit0000marc |url-access=registration |date=2009 |publisher=Chelsea House Publishers |isbn=9781438120423|pages=29–30}}</ref> In 1976, she was elected as a [[Democratic National Committee]] member from California, a position she would hold until 1996.<ref name="Guardian">{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/mar/26/nancy-pelosi-politician-speaker |first=Chris |last=McGreal |title=Nancy Pelosi: is this the most powerful woman in US history? |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=March 26, 2010 |location=London |access-date=June 14, 2010 |archive-date=December 3, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181203031106/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/mar/26/nancy-pelosi-politician-speaker |url-status=live }}</ref> She was elected as party chair for Northern California in 1977, and four years later was selected to head the [[California Democratic Party]], which she led until 1983. Subsequently, Pelosi served as the San Francisco [[1984 Democratic National Convention|Democratic National Convention]] Host Committee chairwoman in 1984, and then as [[Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee]] finance chair from 1985 to 1986.<ref name="FastFacts">{{cite news |url=https://www.cnn.com/2013/03/01/us/nancy-pelosi-fast-facts/index.html |title=Nancy Pelosi Fast Facts |date=March 21, 2019 |website=[[CNN]] |access-date=May 9, 2019 |archive-date=December 15, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191215084957/https://www.cnn.com/2013/03/01/us/nancy-pelosi-fast-facts/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
==Congressional career==
[[Image:Bush, Pelosi, and Hoyer meeting at White House, Nov 9, 2006.jpg|thumb|right|Pelosi and House Minority Whip [[Steny Hoyer]] meeting with [[George W. Bush]] on [[November 9]], [[2006]].]]
When Phillip Burton died in 1983, his wife [[Sala Burton|Sala]] won a special election to complete his term. When she became ill with [[cancer]], she suggested that Pelosi run for her seat in 1988. Sala Burton died on [[February 1]], [[1987]], just a month after being sworn in for a second full term. Pelosi won in a special election to succeed her, narrowly defeating left wing San Francisco Supervisor [[Harry Britt]], and took office on [[June 2]], [[1987]]. She was elected to a full term in 1988 and has been reelected eight times.


== Early House of Representatives tenure ==
Pelosi represents one of the safest Democratic districts in the country; Democrats have held the seat since 1949. Pelosi has never faced a credible [[United States Republican Party|Republican]] opponent, which is not surprising since Republicans only make up 13 percent of registered voters in the district. Since defeating Britt, she has never really had to campaign, and has never participated in a candidates' debate.<ref>Edward Epstein: “[http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2006/10/20/BAG4PLT1OC1.DTL CAMPAIGN 2006: Eighth Congressional District / 3 challengers fight for Pelosi seat],” ''San Francisco Chronicle'', [[October 20]], [[2006]], p. B-1, retrieved [[October 29]], [[2006]].</ref>
[[File:Nancy Pelosi 1993 congressional photo.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Pelosi as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, 1993|left]]
After the [[Tiananmen protests of 1989]], Pelosi became a supporter of the [[Chinese democracy movement]] and a vocal critic of the government of the [[People's Republic of China]], sponsoring the [[Chinese Student Protection Act of 1992]].


Phillip Burton died in 1983 and his wife, [[Sala Burton]], won a [[by election|special election]] to fill the remainder of her husband's congressional term. She was then reelected to two more terms in her own right. Burton became ill with cancer in late 1986 and decided not to run for reelection in 1988. She wanted Pelosi to succeed her, guaranteeing Pelosi the support of the Burtons' contacts.<ref name="nationnewface">{{cite news |url=http://www.thenation.com/doc/20010806/nichols2/2 |title=Is this the new face of the Democratic Party? |first=John |last=Nichols |date=July 26, 2001 |work=[[The Nation]] |access-date=February 3, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090606143908/http://www.thenation.com/doc/20010806/nichols2/2 |archive-date=June 6, 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Burton died on February 1, 1987, one month after being sworn in for a second full term. Pelosi won the [[1987 California's 5th congressional district special election|special election]] to succeed her, defeating Democratic San Francisco supervisor [[Harry Britt]] on April 7, 1987, and Republican Harriet Ross in a June 2 runoff. Pelosi took office a week later.<ref>{{Cite news |agency=[[Associated Press]] |title=Democrat Elected in San Francisco |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=June 3, 1987 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/06/03/us/democrat-elected-in-san-francisco.html |access-date=February 17, 2017 |archive-date=February 9, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100209030954/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=It began in Baltimore: The life and times of Nancy Pelosi |newspaper=[[San Francisco Chronicle]] |date=January 2, 2007 |url=https://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/It-began-in-Baltimore-The-life-and-times-of-2660281.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110429202942/http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=%2Fchronicle%2Farchive%2F2007%2F01%2F02%2FMNG8QNBFNN1.DTL&type=politics |archive-date=April 29, 2011 |access-date=January 20, 2019}}</ref> In the primary, Britt, a gay man, had courted San Francisco's sizable homosexual population by arguing that he would be better than Pelosi at addressing the [[HIV/AIDS]] epidemic.<ref name="FightForSF1">{{cite web |last1=Martin |first1=Jonathan |title=Inside Nancy Pelosi's Fight For San Francisco |url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/09/07/why-pelosi-might-run-again-00114342 |website=POLITICO |access-date=October 30, 2023|date=September 7, 2023}}</ref> Pelosi had held many campaign events, amassed a large number of campaign volunteers, and fundraised prolifically for her campaign.<ref name="economist2023">{{cite web |title=Nancy Pelosi seeks re-election; Take a look at her career from humble housewife to most powerful woman politician in US |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/international/us/nancy-pelosi-seeks-re-election-take-a-look-at-her-career-from-humble-housewife-to-most-powerful-woman-politician-in-us/articleshow/103540289.cms |website=The Economic Times |access-date=4 May 2024 |date=9 September 2023}}</ref>
In the House, she served on the [[U.S. House Committee on Appropriations|Appropriations]] and [[U.S. House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence|Intelligence]] Committees, and spent much time raising funds for other members. She was the ranking Democrat on the Intelligence Committee for two years.


Pelosi has continued to represent approximately the same area of San Francisco for her entire congressional career, despite the boundaries shifting marginally in decennial post-[[reapportionment]] [[redistricting]]s. This area has been represented in the House by Democrats uninterruptedly since 1949, and is strongly Democratic-leaning (as of 2006, 13% of registered voters in the boundaries of Pelosi's district were Republican). It has not seen a serious Republican congressional contender since the early 1960s.<ref name="Edward1"/> Pelosi has been reelected to the House 18 times<ref>{{cite web |last1=Quinn |first1=Melissa |last2=Killion |first2=Nikole |last3=Yilek |first3=Caitlin |title=Nancy Pelosi stepping aside as House Democratic leader, clearing the way for "new generation" |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/live-updates/nancy-pelosi-stepping-down-house-democratic-leader/ |website=CBS News |access-date=October 25, 2023 |date=November 17, 2022}}</ref> without any substantive opposition. Unlike in her 1987 campaign, Pelosi has not participated in candidates' debates in her reelection campaigns. In her first seven reelection campaigns (from 1988 through 2004), she won an average of 80% of the vote.<ref name="Edward1">{{cite news|first=Edward|last=Epstein|date=October 20, 2006 |url=https://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/CAMPAIGN-2006-Eighth-Congressional-District-3-2486421.php |title=Campaign 2006: Eighth Congressional District / three challengers fight for Pelosi seat|newspaper=[[San Francisco Chronicle]]|page=B-1|access-date=October 29, 2006|archive-date=August 26, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190826152248/https://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/CAMPAIGN-2006-Eighth-Congressional-District-3-2486421.php|url-status=live}}</ref>
As of the [[United States House elections, 2006|2006 mid-term elections]], Representative Pelosi appears poised to become the first female [[Speaker of the United States House of Representatives]], and the first [[Californian]] to hold the position.


At the time that Pelosi entered office, there were only 23 women in the House.<ref name="Calmes LATimes" />
===Democratic Party leadership===
In 2001, she was elected the [[House Minority Whip]], second-in-command to Minority Leader [[Dick Gephardt]] of [[Missouri]], becoming the first woman in U.S. history to reach that position. Since then, she has campaigned for candidates in 30 states and in 90 Congressional districts.
In 2002, after Gephardt resigned as minority leader to seek the Democratic nomination in the [[U.S. presidential election, 2004|2004 presidential election]], Pelosi was elected to replace him, becoming the first woman to lead a major party in the House.


When Pelosi entered office, the AIDS epidemic was at a dire point.<ref name="Najjar1">{{cite web |last1=Najjar |first1=Ruqaiyah |title=How Two Pandemics Define Pelosi's 35-Year Political Career |url=https://nowthisnews.com/news/nancy-pelosi-covid-19-aids-pandemic |website=NowThis News |access-date=October 30, 2023|date=November 17, 2022 |archive-date=October 30, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231030145054/https://nowthisnews.com/news/nancy-pelosi-covid-19-aids-pandemic |url-status=dead }}</ref> San Francisco was greatly affected; its large population of gay men was the epidemic's initial epicenter.<ref>{{cite web |title=40 Years of AIDS in SF |url=https://www.ucsf.edu/news/40-years-aids-sf |publisher=University of California San Francisco |access-date=October 30, 2023|date=2021}}</ref> Beginning in her first term, Pelosi became a prominent congressional advocate on behalf of those impacted by HIV/AIDS.<ref name="Najjar1"/> Shortly after she took office, she hired a gay man as her congressional office's director of AIDS policy. In her first floor speech, Pelosi promised that she would be an advocate in the fight against what she called "the crisis of AIDS." With great stigma around the subject, some in her party privately chastised her for publicly associating herself with it.<ref name="FightForSF1"/> Pelosi co-authored the [[Ryan White CARE Act]], which allocated funding dedicated to providing treatment and services for those impacted by HIV/AIDS.<ref name="Najjar1"/> President [[George H. W. Bush]] signed the bill into law in December 1990.<ref>{{cite web |title=Regional Dispute Delays AIDS Bill Until Final Day of the Session |url=https://library.cqpress.com/cqalmanac/document.php?id=cqal06-1421158 |website=library.cqpress.com |publisher=CQ Almanac Online Edition |access-date=October 30, 2023 |date=2006}}</ref>
[[Image:SF Chinese new year p1060726.jpg|thumb|Nancy Pelosi during the [[2006]] [[Chinese new year]] celebrations in [[San Francisco]]]]
=== Political record and platforms ===


In March 1988, Pelosi voted for the [[Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987]] (as well as to override President [[Ronald Reagan]]'s veto).<ref>{{Cite web |title=To Pass S 557, Civil Rights Restoration Act, A Bill... – House Vote #506 – Mar 2, 1988 |url=https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/100-1988/h506 |website=GovTrack.us |access-date=May 17, 2020 |archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194637/https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/100-1988/h506 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=To Pass, Over President Reagan's Veto, S 557, Civil Rights ... – House Vote #527 – Mar 22, 1988|url=https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/100-1988/h527 |website=GovTrack.us |access-date=May 17, 2020 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194636/https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/100-1988/h527 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Molotsky |first=Irvin |date=March 23, 1988 |title=House and Senate Vote to Override Reagan On Rrights |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/03/23/us/house-and-senate-vote-to-override-reagan-on-rights.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100308185652/https://www.nytimes.com/1988/03/23/us/house-and-senate-vote-to-override-reagan-on-rights.html |archive-date=March 8, 2010 |work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=January 3, 2020}}</ref>
Pelosi is generally considered to be a [[American liberalism|liberal]] in American politics.<ref name=WashPost>{{cite news
| title = A look at Pelosi's voting record
| work = Editorials/Op-Ed
| publisher = [[The Washington Post]]
| date = Nov 3 2006
| url = http://www.washingtontimes.com/op-ed/20061102-090358-9812r.htm
| accessdate = 2006-11-12 }}</ref>


Pelosi helped shape the [[Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act]], working with California Senator [[Dianne Feinstein]] and New York Congressman [[Chuck Schumer]]. It became law in 1994.<ref name="economist2023"/> Pelosi also held chairs on important [[List of United States House of Representatives committees|committees]], such as the [[House Appropriations Committee]] and the [[House Intelligence Committee]].<ref name="economist2023"/>
==== Abortion ====
[[Image:Pelosi armstrong.jpg|thumb|Pelosi with [[Lance Armstrong]].]]
Pelosi voted for the [[Unborn Victims of Violence Act]] in 2001, legislation that made it a federal crime to commit violence against a [[pregnant]] woman that interrupts or terminates her pregnancy. In 2004, Pelosi voted against the measure when it was reintroduced with a new definition of a violent attack on a pregnant woman as two distinct crimes: one against the woman herself, and the other against her unborn [[child|fetus]]. Pelosi is also a consistent "yes" vote for both federal funding of [[abortion]] facilities and of financial aid to such organizations. Pelosi has a long record of being [[pro-choice]].
<ref name=VoteSma1>{{cite web
| title = Project Vote Smart
| publisher = [[Project Vote Smart]]
| date = 2006
| url = http://www.vote-smart.org/voting_category.php?can_id=H0222103&type=category&category=Abortion%2BIssues&go.x=6&go.y=9
| accessdate = 2006-11-12 }}</ref>


In 2001, Pelosi was elected the House minority whip, second-in-command to Minority Leader [[Dick Gephardt]]. She was the first woman in U.S. history to hold that post.<ref>{{cite news |last=Eilperin |first=Juliet |date=October 11, 2001 |title=Democrats Pick Pelosi as House Whip; Top Rank Ever for Woman in Congress |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/2001/10/11/democrats-pick-pelosi-as-house-whip/119bfb36-102c-4a67-bda1-03b0894c8edb/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190915031953/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/2001/10/11/democrats-pick-pelosi-as-house-whip/119bfb36-102c-4a67-bda1-03b0894c8edb/ |archive-date=September 15, 2019 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|access-date=March 15, 2022}}</ref> Pelosi defeated [[John Lewis]] and [[Steny Hoyer]] for the position. A strong fundraiser, she used campaign contributions to help persuade other members of Congress to support her candidacy.<ref name="LastBattle1"/>
Since 1995 she has consistently voted against challenges to the [[Supreme Court]]’s decision regarding the landmark [[abortion rights|abortion]] case of [[Roe vs. Wade]].


In 2002, Pelosi opposed the [[Iraq Resolution]] authorizing President [[George W. Bush]] to use [[2003 invasion of Iraq|military force against Iraq]], which passed the House on a 296–133 vote.<ref name="HouseClerk">{{cite web |title=Final vote results for roll call 455 |publisher=[[Clerk of the United States House of Representatives|Office of the Clerk]] |date=October 10, 2002 |url=http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2002/roll455.xml |access-date=November 12, 2006 |archive-date=January 15, 2004 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040115043607/http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2002/roll455.xml |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=MitchellIraq>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/10/10/international/house-passes-iraq-resolution-with-296-to-133-vote.html|title=House Passes Iraq Resolution With 296 to 133 Vote|last1=Mitchell|first1=Alison|date=October 10, 2002|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=May 13, 2019|last2=Hulse|first2=Carl|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=January 3, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200103150108/https://www.nytimes.com/2002/10/10/international/house-passes-iraq-resolution-with-296-to-133-vote.html|url-status=live}}</ref> She said, "unilateral use of force without first exhausting every diplomatic remedy and other remedies and making a case to the American people will be harmful to our war on terrorism."<ref name="House2">{{cite press release |last=Pelosi |first=Nancy |title=Pelosi: Unilateral Use of Force Will Be Harmful to the War on Terrorism |publisher=[[United States House of Representatives|House of Representatives]] |date=October 10, 2002 |url=http://www.house.gov/pelosi/UnilateralUseofForce101002.htm |access-date=November 12, 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061102092119/http://www.house.gov/pelosi/UnilateralUseofForce101002.htm |archive-date=November 2, 2006}}</ref>
The California legislature passed the [[California Therapeutic Abortion Act]] in 1967 that was signed into law by then California Governor [[Ronald Reagan]]. This California law is at the root of Pelosi's support for access to abortion for all citizens of the United States.<ref name=PP>{{cite web
| title = Abbreviated History Of Abortion Law In California
| publisher = [[Planned Parenthood]]
| date = 2006
| url = http://www.ppacca.org/site/pp.asp?c=kuJYJeO4F&b=139490
| accessdate = 2006-11-12 }}</ref>


==First tenure as minority leader (2003–2007)==
Raised a Catholic, she has said that she will continue to ask for communion despite some Catholic bishops refusing communion to those who support abortion.<ref name=USATo>{{cite news
In November 2002, after Gephardt resigned as House minority leader to seek the Democratic nomination in the [[2004 United States presidential election|2004 presidential election]], Pelosi was elected to replace him, becoming the first woman to lead a major party in either chamber of Congress.<ref>{{cite news |last=Hulse |first=Carl |date=November 15, 2002 |title=Pelosi Easily Wins Election for House Democratic Leader |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/11/15/us/pelosi-easily-wins-election-for-house-democratic-leader.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308071436/https://www.nytimes.com/2002/11/15/us/pelosi-easily-wins-election-for-house-democratic-leader.html |archive-date=March 8, 2023 |work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=August 31, 2022}}</ref> In the campaign to succeed Gephardt as the [[House Democratic Caucus]]'s leader, Pelosi was challenged by [[Harold Ford Jr.]] and [[Marcy Kaptur]]. Kaptur withdrew her candidacy for the position before the November 15, 2002, caucus vote, and Pelosi defeated Ford 117–29 in the closed-door vote of caucus members.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Loughlin |first1=Seth |title=Democrats pick Pelosi as House leader |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2002/ALLPOLITICS/11/14/democrats.leadership/ |website=CNN |date=November 15, 2002}}</ref> Critics of Pelosi characterized her as too liberal to be a successful House leader.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Romano |first1=Lois |title=The woman who would be speaker |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna15355131 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231028074417/https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna15355131 |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 28, 2023 |website=NBC News |access-date=October 28, 2023|date=October 21, 2006}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Yglesias |first1=Matthew |title=The Underappreciated Pelosi |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2007/08/the-underappreciated-pelosi/45439/ |website=The Atlantic |access-date=October 28, 2023|date=August 1, 2007}}</ref>
| title = Pelosi says she'll take Communion in spite of Vatican policies
| publisher = [[USA Today]] & [[Associated Press|AP]]
| date = April 29 2004
| url = http://www.usatoday.com/news/washington/2004-04-29-pelosi-communion_x.htm
| accessdate = 2006-11-12 }}</ref> Some pro-life activists have called for her to be denied communion.<ref name=BPnews>{{cite news
| last = By
| first = Staff
| title = Catholic battle over pro-choice politicians grows
| work = LIFE DIGEST
| publisher = [[Baptist Press]]
| date = May 14, 2004
| url = http://www.bpnews.net/bpnews.asp?ID=18278
| accessdate = 2006-11-12 }}</ref>


As minority leader, Pelosi sharply criticized the handling of the Iraq War by President Bush and his administration, in 2004 saying Bush had demonstrated areas of "incompetence".<ref>{{cite web |title=Pelosi questions Bush's competence |url=https://www.cnn.com/2004/ALLPOLITICS/05/20/pelosi.bush/ |website=CNN |access-date=October 28, 2023 |date=May 31, 2004}}</ref>
==== Agriculture ====


In a relative surprise, the Democratic Party lost three seats in the [[2004 United States House of Representatives elections|2004 House elections]], which coincided with [[2004 United States presidential election|Bush's reelection as president]].<ref name="Billings2005a">{{cite web |last1=Billings |first1=Erin P. |title=Pelosi Sees '06 House Gains |url=https://rollcall.com/2005/06/24/pelosi-sees-06-house-gains/ |website=Roll Call |access-date=October 28, 2023 |date=June 24, 2005}}</ref> Focused on retaking the House majority in 2006, in her second term as minority leader Pelosi worked to criticize the Bush administration more effectively and to contrast the Democratic Party with it.<ref name="Billings2005a"/><ref name="SandalowDetermination"/> As part of this, Pelosi voiced even harsher criticism of Bush's handling of the Iraq War.<ref name="SandalowDetermination">{{cite web |last1=Sandalow |first1=Marc |title=Pelosi's determination makes her Democratic hero of '06 |url=https://www.southcoasttoday.com/story/news/nation-world/2006/11/11/pelosi-s-determination-makes-her/50287893007/ |newspaper=New Bedford Standard-Times |agency=The San Francisco Chronicle |access-date=October 28, 2023 |date=November 10, 2006}}</ref> In November 2005, prominent congressional Democrat [[John Murtha]] proposed that the U.S. begin a withdrawal of troops from Iraq at the "earliest predictable date". Pelosi initially declined to commit to supporting Murtha's proposal.<ref>{{cite web |title=Heated House Rejects GOP Iraq Plan – CBS News |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/heated-house-rejects-gop-iraq-plan/ |website=CBS News |access-date=October 28, 2023 |date=November 19, 2005}}</ref> Speaker [[Dennis Hastert]] soon brought to the floor a vote on a non-binding resolution calling for an immediate withdrawal of troops, seeking to trap Democrats into taking a more radical stance. Pelosi led Democrats in voting against the resolution, which failed in a 403–3 floor vote.<ref>{{cite web |title=Heated House Rejects GOP Iraq Plan – CBS News |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/heated-house-rejects-gop-iraq-plan/ |website=CBS News |publisher=The Associated Press |access-date=October 28, 2023 |date=November 19, 2005}}</ref> Roughly two weeks later, Pelosi held a press conference in which she endorsed Murtha's proposal.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pelosi joins troop withdrawal movement |url=https://www.telegram.com/story/news/state/2005/12/01/pelosi-joins-troop-withdrawal-movement/53154789007/ |website=The Worcester Telegram & Gazette |agency=The Associated Press |date=December 1, 2005}}</ref> Some critics believed that Pelosi's support for a troop withdrawal would prevent the Democrats from winning a House majority in the [[2006 United States House of Representatives elections|2006 elections]].<ref name="SandalowDetermination"/>
Pelosi has a reputation of being generally supportive of [[agriculture]].<ref name=VoteSma2>{{cite web
| title = Project Vote Smart Research
| publisher = [[Project Vote Smart]]
| date = 2006
| url = http://www.vote-smart.org/voting_category.php?can_id=H0222103&type=category&category=Agriculture%2BIssues&go.x=6&go.y=8
| accessdate = 2006-11-12 }}</ref> However, agriculture is not a large factor in her district.


During her time as minority leader, Pelosi was not well known to much of the American public. Before the 2006 elections, Republicans made a concerted effort to taint public perception of her, running advertisements assailing her.<ref name="ABCNov82006"/> Advertisements demonizing Pelosi became a routine part of Republican advertising in subsequent elections.<ref name="Nolan1">{{cite web |last1=McCaskill |first1=Nolan |title=Leading up to attack, GOP and its allies spent $50 million on anti-Pelosi ads |url=https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2022-11-02/gop-campaign-ads-have-demonized-pelosi-for-years |website=Los Angeles Times |access-date=October 29, 2023 |date=November 2, 2022}}</ref> For instance, during the 2022 election cycle, Republicans ran more than $50 million in ads that negatively characterized or invoked Pelosi, and in the 2010 cycle, they spent more than $65 million on such ads.<ref name="Nolan1"/><ref name="Polman1">{{cite web |last1=Polman |first1=Dick |title=Can the GOP Demonize Pelosi One More Time? |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2018/07/can-the-gop-demonize-pelosi-one-more-time/565466/ |website=The Atlantic |access-date=October 30, 2023|date=July 18, 2018}}</ref>
==== Budget and taxes ====
Pelosi supports federal funding of government programs with [[tax]] increases when necessary.<ref name=VoteSma3>{{cite web
| title = Vote Smart Research
| publisher = [[Project Vote Smart]]
| date = 2006
| url = http://www.vote-smart.org/voting_category.php?can_id=H0222103&type=category&category=Budget%252C%2BSpending%2Band%2BTaxes&go.x=3&go.y=7
| accessdate = 2006-11-12 }}</ref> She has supported many bills which would increase assistance to the poor and disadvantaged while increasing taxes on higher wage earners. Pelosi has also voted against repealing the [[Estate tax (United States)|Estate Tax]]. She has been an outspoken supporter of a balanced budget, though she voted against the 1995 Balanced Budget Proposed Constitutional Amendment.<ref name=VoteSma4>{{cite web
| title = Balanced Budget Proposed Constitutional Amendment
| work = Key Vote
| publisher = [[Project Vote Smart]]
| date = 2006
| url = http://www.vote-smart.org/issue_keyvote_detail.php?vote_id=18&can_id=H0222103
| accessdate = 2006-11-12 }}</ref>


== First speakership (2007–2011) ==
==== Civil liberties ====
=== 2007 speakership election ===
Pelosi has consistently favored general civil liberties and [[First Amendment rights]]<ref name=VoteSma5>{{cite web
{{see also|2007 Speaker of the United States House of Representatives election}}
| title = Data from Vote Smart Research
| publisher = [[Project Vote Smart]]
| date = 2006
| url = http://www.vote-smart.org/voting_category.php?can_id=H0222103&type=category&category=Civil%2BLiberties&go.x=3&go.y=4
| accessdate = 2006-11-12 }}</ref>. She has been steadfast in voting for freedom of speech including voting against laws banning flag-burning. She has voted and been a strong supporter of the [[separation of church and state]]. She has also been an opponent of the [[Federal Marriage Amendment]] and supports the enforcement of the Fourteenth Amendment barring discrimination based on race. {{citation needed}}


[[Image:Bush, Pelosi, and Hoyer meeting at White House, Nov 9, 2006.jpg|thumb|right|President [[George W. Bush]] meets with [[Speaker (politics)|Speaker]]-designate Pelosi and House Minority Whip [[Steny Hoyer]] on November 9, 2006.]]
==== National defense ====
In the 2006 elections, the Democrats took control of the House, picking up 30 seats,<ref>{{cite news |last=Benenson |first=Bob |date=January 4, 2007 |title=Pelosi Officially Elected Speaker of the U.S. House |url=https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/cq/2007/01/04/cq_2079.html |website=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=January 5, 2019|archive-date=November 29, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181129210217/https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/cq/2007/01/04/cq_2079.html |url-status=live}}</ref> the party's largest House seat gain since the [[1974 United States House of Representatives elections|1974 elections]] held in the wake of the [[Watergate Scandal|Watergate scandal]].<ref name="SandalowDetermination"/> The party's House majority meant that as the party's incumbent House leader, Pelosi was widely expected to become speaker in the next Congress.<ref>{{cite news |author=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] |date=November 8, 2006 |title=Pelosi to Make History as First Woman Speaker of the House |url=https://abcnews.go.com/GMA/story?id=2607555&page=1 |website=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]|access-date=January 5, 2019 |archive-date=January 3, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200103140201/https://abcnews.go.com/GMA/story?id=2607555&page=1 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Eilperin |first=Juliet |date=November 8, 2006 |title=Nancy Pelosi Set to Be First Female Speaker |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/11/07/AR2006110701726.html |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|access-date=January 5, 2019 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194824/https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/11/07/AR2006110701726.html |url-status=live}}</ref> On November 16, 2006, the Democratic caucus unanimously nominated her for speaker.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Hulse |first=Carl |date=November 17, 2006 |title=Pelosi Rebuffed Over Her Choice for Majority Leader |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/17/us/politics/17cong.html |work=[[The New York Times]]|issn=0362-4331 |access-date=January 5, 2019 |archive-date=July 17, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190717210824/https://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/17/us/politics/17cong.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
Before September 11, 2001, Pelosi had been opposed to much government spending for [[national defense]] and [[military]] programs. After 2001, she has generally supported spending for national defense in areas of the [[War on Terrorism]].<ref name=VoteSma6>{{cite web
| title = Defense Issues Voting Data from Vote Smart Research
| publisher = [[Project Vote Smart]]
| date = 2006
| url = http://www.vote-smart.org/voting_category.php?can_id=H0222103&type=category&category=Defense&go.x=14&go.y=11
| accessdate = 2006-11-12 }}</ref> In San Francisco, however, Pelosi voted for the [[USA Patriot Act]] (which she now opposes) and authored the Presidio Trust Act, which privatized the [[Presidio of San Francisco]]. Like a majority of House Democrats, Pelosi opposed the [[Iraq Resolution|resolution]] authorizing President Bush to use military force against Iraq,<ref name=HouseClerk>{{cite web
| title = Final vote results for roll call 455
| publisher = [[Clerk of the United States House of Representatives|Office of the Clerk]]
| date = oct 10 2002
| url = http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2002/roll455.xml
| accessdate = 2006-11-12 }}</ref> and has acknowledged Saddam Hussein's WMD program.<ref name=House1>{{cite web
| last = Pelosi
| first = Nancy
| authorlink = Nancy Pelosi
| title = Statement on U.S. Led Military Strike Against Iraq
| work = Press Release by Congresswoman Pelosi
| publisher = [[United States House of Representatives|House of Representatives]]
| date = December 16, 1998
| url = http://www.house.gov/pelosi/priraq1.htm
| accessdate = 2006-11-12 }}</ref> <ref name=House2>{{cite web
| last = Pelosi
| first = Nancy
| authorlink = Nancy Pelosi
| title = Pelosi: Unilateral Use of Force Will Be Harmful to the War on Terrorism
| work = Press Release by Congresswoman Pelosi
| publisher = [[United States House of Representatives|House of Representatives]]
| date = October 10, 2002
| url = http://www.house.gov/pelosi/UnilateralUseofForce101002.htm
| accessdate = 2006-11-12 }}</ref> She has also begun to criticize strongly the war effort, and has introduced an amendment to the FY 2006 Defense Appropriations bill calling on President Bush to specify a strategy for success in Iraq, as well as a timetable for the safe withdrawal of American troops.


Pelosi supported her longtime friend John Murtha for House majority leader, the second-ranking post in the House. His competitor was House Minority Whip [[Steny Hoyer]], who had been Pelosi's second-in-command since 2003.<ref>{{cite news |last=Hooper |first=Molly |date=November 16, 2006 |title=Hoyer Wins House Majority Leader Race, Giving Pelosi First Setback |url=https://www.foxnews.com/story/hoyer-wins-house-majority-leader-race-giving-pelosi-first-setback |website=[[Fox News]]|access-date=November 8, 2006 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061119084150/http://www.foxnews.com/story/0%2C2933%2C229819%2C00.html |archive-date=November 19, 2006 }}</ref> Hoyer was elected House majority leader over Murtha by a margin of 149–86.<ref name="CNN">{{cite news |first1=Thomas |last1=Ferraro |first2=Richard |last2=Cowan |date=November 16, 2006 |title=CORRECTED—Democrats defy Pelosi, elect Hoyer House leader |url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/world/2006/11/17/corrected--democrats-defy-pelosi-elect-hoyer-house-leader/ |work=Toronto Star |agency=[[Reuters]]|access-date=June 18, 2018 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194647/https://www.thestar.com.my/news/world/2006/11/17/corrected--democrats-defy-pelosi-elect-hoyer-house-leader/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
==== Education ====
Pelosi has been a strong ally in the federal funding of education, both in [[public schools]] and [[higher education]].<ref name=VoteSma7>{{cite web
| title = Education
| work = Key Vote
| publisher = [[Project Vote Smart]]
| date = 2006
| url = http://www.vote-smart.org/voting_category.php?can_id=H0222103&type=category&category=Education&go.x=10&go.y=8
| accessdate = 2006-11-12 }}</ref> She was a supporter of the hotly contested “[[No Child Left Behind Act]]” in May of 2001, which instituted testing to track students' progress and authorized an increase in overall education spending.


On January 4, 2007, Pelosi defeated Republican [[John Boehner]] of Ohio, 233 votes to 202, in the election for speaker of the House.<ref>{{cite news |last=Walsh |first=Deirdre |date=January 4, 2007 |title=Pelosi becomes first woman House speaker |url=http://www.cnn.com/2007/POLITICS/01/04/congress.rdp/index.html |website=[[CNN]]|access-date=January 4, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070106022356/http://www.cnn.com/2007/POLITICS/01/04/congress.rdp/index.html |archive-date=January 6, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=NowThis News |date=March 29, 2020 |title=Remember When: Nancy Pelosi Became First Woman Speaker of The House {{!}} NowThis |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bZmY9MSWKfE |website=[[YouTube]]|access-date=June 24, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Nancy Pelosi becomes first female Speaker of the House |url=https://www.history.com/.amp/this-day-in-history/nancy-pelosi-named-speaker-of-the-house-2004 |website=History|access-date=June 24, 2022}}</ref>
==== Environment and energy ====
Pelosi has a history of supporting the development of new technologies to reduce U.S. dependence upon foreign oil and the adverse environmental effects of burning fossil fuels.<ref name=VoteSma8>{{cite web
| title = Energy Issues
| work = Key Vote
| publisher = [[Project Vote Smart]]
| date = 2006
| url = http://www.vote-smart.org/voting_category.php?can_id=H0222103&type=category&category=Energy%2BIssues&go.x=10&go.y=12
| accessdate = 2006-11-12 }}</ref> She has widely supported conservation programs and energy research appropriations. She has also voted against [[ANWR Drilling]].<ref name=VoteSma9>{{cite web
| title = Arctic National Wildlife Refuge Drilling Amendment
| work = Key Vote
| publisher = [[Project Vote Smart]]
| date = 2006
| url = http://www.vote-smart.org/issue_keyvote_detail.php?vote_id=3506&can_id=H0222103
| accessdate = 2006-11-12 }}</ref>


[[Rahm Emanuel]], the incoming chairman of the House Democratic Caucus, nominated Pelosi, and her longtime friend [[John Dingell]] swore her in, as the [[dean of the House of Representatives]] traditionally does.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://history.house.gov/Institution/Origins-Development/Oath-of-Office/|title=Oath of Office {{!}} US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives|website=history.house.gov |access-date=January 22, 2019|archive-date=November 9, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191109100854/https://history.house.gov/Institution/Origins-Development/Oath-of-Office/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/technology/2007/01/04/pelosi-sworn-in-as-first-woman-speaker-of-the-house/32917f2c-c075-4d7a-b404-90e8c9fe7cea/|title=Pelosi Sworn in as First Woman Speaker of the House|date=January 4, 2007|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|access-date=January 22, 2019|issn=0190-8286|url-status=live|archive-date=January 22, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190122145116/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/technology/2007/01/04/pelosi-sworn-in-as-first-woman-speaker-of-the-house/32917f2c-c075-4d7a-b404-90e8c9fe7cea/}}</ref>
==== Gun control ====
Pelosi is a proponent of [[gun control]] and has voted to limit the ownership of [[firearms]] and concealed weapons.<ref name=VoteSma10>{{cite web
| title = Gun Issues
| work = Key Vote
| publisher = [[Project Vote Smart]]
| date = 2006
| url = http://www.vote-smart.org/voting_category.php?can_id=H0222103&type=category&category=Gun%2BIssues&go.x=9&go.y=9
| accessdate = 2006-11-12 }}</ref> She has routinely voted to restrict the number of [[handgun]]s sold in the [[United States]] and to extend the waiting period for purchasing a firearm of any type. She voted against 24 Hour Background Check Amendment bill that would make background checks at a gun show mandatory because the waiting period was only 24 hours.<ref name=VoteSma12>{{cite web
| title = 24 Hour Background Check Amendment
| work = Key Vote
| publisher = [[Project Vote Smart]]
| date = 2006
| url = http://www.vote-smart.org/issue_keyvote_detail.php?vote_id=2286&can_id=H0222103
| accessdate = 2006-11-12 }}</ref> She later voted for an amendment to this bill that would extend the waiting period to 72 hours<ref name=VoteSma13>{{cite web
| title = 72 Hour Background Check Amendment
| work = Key Vote
| publisher = [[Project Vote Smart]]
| date = 2006
| url = http://www.vote-smart.org/issue_keyvote_detail.php?vote_id=2285&can_id=H0222103
| accessdate = 2006-11-12 }}</ref>. She also voted against the Gun Ban Repeal Act of 1995, which sets the mandatory minimum [[prison]] sentence to 5 years in prison for possession of a firearm while committing a [[crime]] and 10 years in prison for brandishing a firearm while committing a violent federal crime or [[drug trafficking]]<ref name=VoteSma11>{{cite web
| title = Gun Ban Repeal Act of 1995
| work = Key Vote
| publisher = [[Project Vote Smart]]
| date = 2006
| url = http://www.vote-smart.org/issue_keyvote_detail.php?vote_id=866&can_id=H0222103
| accessdate = 2006-11-12 }}</ref>.


[[File:2007 State of the Union Address – George W. Bush Library.webm|thumb|upright=1.35|start=00:16|thumbtime=00:35|Pelosi (right) with Vice President [[Dick Cheney]] behind President George W. Bush at the [[2007 State of the Union Address]]. Pelosi became the first woman to sit behind the podium at such an address. Bush acknowledged this by beginning his speech with the words, "Tonight, I have the high privilege and distinct honor of my own as the first president to begin the State of the Union message with these words: ''Madam Speaker''."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2007/01/20070123-2.html |title=President Bush Delivers State of the Union Address |access-date=August 26, 2007 |last=Bush |first=George W. |author-link=George W. Bush |date=January 23, 2007 |website=[[The White House]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502232627/http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2007/01/20070123-2.html |archive-date=May 2, 2013}}</ref>]]
==== Health care ====

[[Image:Bono-pelosi-clyburn.jpg|thumb|Pelosi with [[Bono]] and [[James E. Clyburn]].]]
Pelosi was the first woman, the first Californian, and the first Italian-American to hold the speakership. She was also the second speaker from a state west of the [[Rocky Mountains]]. The first was [[Washington (state)|Washington]]'s [[Tom Foley]], the last Democrat to hold the post before Pelosi.
Pelosi has been a supporter of strong government control over the health care industry.<ref name=VoteSma14>{{cite web

| title = Health Issues
During her speech, she discussed the historical importance of being the first woman to hold the position of Speaker:
| work = Key Vote

| publisher = [[Project Vote Smart]]
{{blockquote|text=This is a historic moment—for the Congress, and for the women of this country. It is a moment for which we have waited more than 200 years. Never losing faith, we waited through the many years of struggle to achieve our rights. But women weren't just waiting; women were working. Never losing faith, we worked to redeem the promise of America, that all men and women are created equal. For our daughters and granddaughters, today, we have broken the [[Glass ceiling|marble ceiling]]. For our daughters and our granddaughters, the sky is the limit, anything is possible for them.<ref name=110speech>{{cite news |date=January 4, 2007 |url=https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Text-of-Nancy-Pelosi-s-speech-2625996.php |title=Text of Nancy Pelosi's speech |access-date=January 19, 2019 |archive-date=September 30, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190930151701/https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Text-of-Nancy-Pelosi-s-speech-2625996.php |url-status=live }}</ref>}}
| date = 2006

| url = http://www.vote-smart.org/voting_category.php?can_id=H0222103&type=category&category=Health%2BIssues&go.x=10&go.y=5
She also said Iraq was the major issue facing the [[110th United States Congress|110th Congress]] while incorporating some Democratic Party beliefs:
| accessdate = 2006-11-12 }}</ref> She has continually voted to increase [[Medicare (United States)|Medicare]] and [[Medicaid]] benefits across the board.

{{blockquote|text=The election of 2006 was a call to change—not merely to change the control of Congress, but for a new direction for our country. Nowhere were the American people more clear about the need for a new direction than in Iraq. The American people rejected an open-ended obligation to a war without end.<ref name=110speech/>}}

As speaker, Pelosi remained the leader of the House Democrats, as the speaker is considered the leader of the majority caucus. But by tradition, she did not normally participate in debate and almost never voted on the floor, though she had the right to do so as a member of the House. She was also not a member of any House committees, also in keeping with tradition.

Pelosi was reelected speaker in 2009.

===Public perception===
During and after her first tenure as speaker, Pelosi was widely characterized as a polarizing political figure. Republican candidates often associated their Democratic opponents with her.<ref>{{Cite news|title=GOP turns to familiar foil amid Trump woes: Pelosi |first1=Heather |last1=Caygle |first2=Gabriel |last2=Debenedetti|work=[[Politico]] |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2017/05/24/trump-pelosi-congress-republicans-238683|url-status=live|access-date=August 10, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190715011243/https://www.politico.com/story/2017/05/24/trump-pelosi-congress-republicans-238683|archive-date=July 15, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Exclusive: Nancy Pelosi targeted in more than a third of GOP House commercials |first=Craig |last=Gilbert |date=April 1, 2018|work=[[USA Today]] |url=https://eu.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2018/04/01/nancy-pelosi-targeted-republican-2018-midterm-congressional-commercials/469453002/|url-status=live|access-date=August 10, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194646/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2018/04/01/nancy-pelosi-targeted-republican-2018-midterm-congressional-commercials/469453002/|archive-date=January 14, 2021}}</ref> Pelosi became the focus of heavy disdain by "mainstream" Republicans and [[Tea Party Movement|Tea Party]] Republicans alike,<ref name="Chaddock"/> as well as from the left.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Donegan |first1=Moira |title=Nancy Pelosi, a hate figure to right and left, is a political virtuoso who defined her era |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2022/nov/18/nancy-pelosi-hate-figure-right-left-political-virtuoso |website=The Guardian |access-date=October 31, 2023 |date=November 18, 2022}}</ref>

As they had in 2006, Republicans continued to run advertisements that demonized Pelosi.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hulse |first1=Carl |title=Despite Losses, Nancy Pelosi Will Run for House Post |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/06/us/politics/06dems.html |website=The New York Times |access-date=October 28, 2023 |date=November 6, 2010}}</ref> Before the 2010 House elections, the [[Republican National Committee]] prominently used a "Fire Pelosi" slogan in its efforts to recapture the House majority.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Sainato |first1=Michael |title=Democrats Realize 2010 'Fire Nancy Pelosi' Campaign Has Been Working |url=https://observer.com/2017/06/democratic-party-fire-nancy-pelosi-campaign/ |website=Observer |access-date=October 29, 2023 |date=June 22, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Condon |first1=Stephanie |title="Fire Nancy Pelosi" Becomes GOP Slogan After Health Care Vote – CBS News |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/fire-nancy-pelosi-becomes-gop-slogan-after-health-care-vote/ |publisher=CBS News |access-date=October 29, 2023 |date=March 22, 2010}}</ref> This slogan was rolled out hours after the House passed the [[Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Codon |first1=Stephanie |title="Fire Nancy Pelosi" Becomes GOP Slogan After Health Care Vote – CBS News |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/fire-nancy-pelosi-becomes-gop-slogan-after-health-care-vote/ |website=CBS News |access-date=October 28, 2023 |date=March 22, 2010}}</ref> Republicans spent $65 million ahead of the 2010 elections on anti-Pelosi advertisements.<ref name="Polman1"/> Pelosi has continued to be a fixture of Republican attack.<ref name="WASHPOST1">{{cite news |last1=Parker |first1=Ashley |last2=Allam |first2=Hannah |last3=Sotomayor |first3=Marianna |title=Attack on Nancy Pelosi's husband follows years of GOP demonizing her |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2022/10/29/paul-pelosi-attack-republicans-target/ |newspaper=Washington Post |access-date=October 28, 2023 |date=October 30, 2022}}</ref> Ads demonizing her have been credited with fostering intense right-wing ire toward her,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Karni |first1=Annie |last2=Edmondson |first2=Catie |last3=Hulse |first3=Carl |title=Pelosi, Vilified by Republicans for Years, Is a Top Target of Threats |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/10/30/us/politics/pelosi-attack-republican-threats.html |website=The New York Times |access-date=October 28, 2023 |date=October 30, 2022}}</ref> and have been seen as one of the top factors in her unpopularity with the public.<ref name="LastBattle1"/>

===Social Security===
Shortly after being reelected in 2004, President Bush claimed a [[Mandate (politics)|mandate]] for an ambitious second-term agenda and proposed reforming [[Social Security (United States)|Social Security]] by allowing workers to redirect a portion of their Social Security withholding into stock and bond investments.<ref>{{cite news |last=Sandalow |first=Marc |url=https://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/Bush-claims-mandate-sets-2nd-term-goals-I-2637116.php |title=Bush claims mandate, sets 2nd-term goals |work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]] |date=November 5, 2004 |access-date=January 19, 2019 |archive-date=September 30, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190930224244/https://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/Bush-claims-mandate-sets-2nd-term-goals-I-2637116.php |url-status=live }}</ref> Pelosi strongly opposed the plan, saying there was no crisis, and as minority leader she imposed intense party discipline on her caucus, leading them to near-unanimous opposition to the proposal, which was defeated.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1376213-2,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060902195224/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1376213-2,00.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=September 2, 2006 |title=Don't Mess With Pelosi |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |date=August 27, 2006 |access-date=February 3, 2010}}</ref>

===Blocking of impeachment proceedings against President Bush===

In the wake of Bush's 2004 reelection, several leading House Democrats believed they should pursue [[Movement to impeach George W. Bush|impeachment proceedings against him]], asserting that he had misled Congress about [[weapon of mass destruction|weapons of mass destruction]] in [[Iraq and weapons of mass destruction|Iraq]] and violated Americans' civil liberties by [[NSA warrantless surveillance controversy|authorizing warrantless wiretaps]].

In May 2006, with an eye on the upcoming midterm elections—which offered the possibility of Democrats taking back control of the House for the first time since 1994—Pelosi told colleagues that, while the Democrats would conduct vigorous oversight of Bush administration policy, an impeachment investigation was "off the table". A week earlier, she had told ''[[The Washington Post]]'' that although Democrats would not set out to impeach Bush, "you never know where" investigations might lead.<ref>{{cite news |last=Babington |first=Charles |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/05/11/AR2006051101950.html |title=Democrats Won't Try To Impeach President |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=May 12, 2006 |access-date=February 3, 2010 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194705/https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/05/11/AR2006051101950.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

After becoming speaker in 2007, Pelosi held firm against impeachment, notwithstanding strong support for it among her constituents. In the 2008 election, she withstood a challenge for her seat by antiwar activist [[Cindy Sheehan]], who ran as an independent primarily because of Pelosi's refusal to pursue impeachment.<ref>"Sheehan considers challenge to Pelosi", by Angela K. Brown, [[Associated Press]], July 8, 2007.</ref>

===The "Hundred Hours"===
{{Main|100-Hour Plan}}

Before the midterm elections, Pelosi announced that if Democrats gained a House majority, they would push through most of their agenda during the first 100 hours of the 110th Congress.<ref>{{cite news|last=Espo|first=David|title=Pelosi Says She Would Drain GOP 'Swamp'|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/10/06/AR2006100600056.html|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|access-date=October 6, 2013|date=October 6, 2006|quote=...{{spaces}}As in the first 100 hours the House meets after Democrats—in her fondest wish—win control in the November{{spaces}}7 midterm elections and Pelosi takes the gavel as the first Madam Speaker in history.|archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194821/https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/10/06/AR2006100600056.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=One Hundred Hours|url=https://huffingtonpost.com/rep-nancy-pelosi/one-hundred-hours_b_33529.html|work=[[The Huffington Post]]|access-date=October 6, 2013|last=Pelosi|first=Nancy |date=November 7, 2006|archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194802/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/one-hundred-hours_b_33529|url-status=live}}</ref>

The "first hundred hours" was a play on President [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]]'s promise for quick action to combat the [[Great Depression]] during his [[Hundred Days Congress|"first hundred days"]] in office. Newt Gingrich, who became speaker of the House in 1995, had a similar 100-day agenda to implement his [[Contract with America]].

===Opposition to Iraq War troop surge of 2007===

{{Main|Iraq War troop surge of 2007}}

On January 5, 2007, reacting to suggestions from Bush's confidants that he would increase troop levels in Iraq (which he announced in a speech a few days later), Pelosi and Senate Majority Leader [[Harry Reid]] condemned the plan. They sent Bush a letter reading:

{{blockquote|[T]here is no purely military solution in Iraq. There is only a political solution. Adding more combat troops will only endanger more Americans and stretch our military to the breaking point for no strategic gain.{{spaces}}... Rather than deploy additional forces to Iraq, we believe the way forward is to begin the phased redeployment of our forces in the next four to six months while shifting the principal mission of our forces there from combat to training, logistics, force protection, and counter-terror.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.speaker.gov/newsroom/congressional-leaders-call-president-reject-flawed-iraq-troop-surge/ |date=January 5, 2007 |title=Congressional Leaders Call on President to Reject Flawed Iraq Troop Surge |first1=Nancy |last1=Pelosi |first2=Harry |last2=Reid |access-date=January 19, 2019 |archive-date=January 20, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190120144247/https://www.speaker.gov/newsroom/congressional-leaders-call-president-reject-flawed-iraq-troop-surge/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
}}

===2008 Democratic National Convention===
[[File:Barack Obama and Nancy Pelosi at DNC (1).jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Pelosi and [[Barack Obama]] shaking hands at the [[2008 Democratic National Convention]]]]

Pelosi was named Permanent Chair of the [[2008 Democratic National Convention]] in [[Denver]], Colorado.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.demconvention.com/democrats-announce-2008-convention-chairs-2/ |title=Democrats Announce 2008 Convention Chairs |date=February 20, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080220004208/http://www.demconvention.com/democrats-announce-2008-convention-chairs-2/ |archive-date=February 20, 2008 |access-date=February 3, 2010}}</ref>

===Healthcare reform===

Pelosi has been credited for spearheading Obama's health care law, the [[Affordable Care Act]],<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.academia.edu/35311502|first=Ryan J.|last=Gautreaux|title=Framing the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act:A Content Analysis of Democratic and Republican Twitter Feeds|date=Summer 2016|access-date=March 26, 2020|archive-date=November 20, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201120195817/https://www.academia.edu/35311502/Framing_the_Patient_Protection_and_Affordable_Care_Act_A_Content_Analysis_of_Democratic_and_Republican_Twitter_Feeds|url-status=live}}</ref> when it seemed doomed to defeat. After Republican [[Scott Brown (politician)|Scott Brown]] won Democrat [[Ted Kennedy]]'s former Senate seat in the [[United States Senate special election in Massachusetts, 2010|January 2010 Massachusetts special election]], costing Democrats their 60-seat [[Senate filibuster|filibuster]]-proof majority, Obama agreed with his then chief of staff [[Rahm Emanuel]]'s idea to do smaller initiatives that could pass easily. But Pelosi dismissed Obama's compunction, mocking his scaled-back ideas as "kiddie care".<ref>{{cite news |last=Bzdek |first=Vince |date=March 28, 2010 |title=Why it took a woman to fix health care |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]}}</ref> After convincing him that this was their only shot at health care reform because of the large Democratic majorities in Congress, she rallied her caucus as she began an "unbelievable marathon" of a two-month session to craft the bill, which passed the House 219–212. In Obama's remarks before signing the bill into law, he called Pelosi "one of the best speakers the House of Representatives has ever had."<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=125294497 |title=Health Care Overhaul Boosts Pelosi's Clout |last=Seabrook |first=Andrea |date=March 29, 2010 |website=[[NPR]] |access-date=April 5, 2018 |archive-date=August 25, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190825171000/https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=125294497 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="healthcarereform" /><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0310/34753.html|title=Nancy Pelosi steeled White House for health push|first1=Carrie Budoff|last1=Brown|first2=Glenn|last2=Thrush|authorlink2=Glenn Thrush|date=March 20, 2010 |work=[[Politico]]}}</ref><ref name ="nytimesmagazinehealthcare" />

===Assessments of first speakership===
By early 2010, analysts were assessing Pelosi as possibly the most powerful woman in U.S. history and among the most powerful speakers of the previous 100 years.<ref>{{cite web |last1=McGreal |first1=Chris |title=Nancy Pelosi: is this the most powerful woman in US history? |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/mar/26/nancy-pelosi-politician-speaker |website=The Guardian |access-date=October 28, 2023 |date=March 26, 2010}}</ref> In March 2010, [[Mark Shields]] wrote,

{{blockquote|In the last four months, <nowiki>[Pelosi]</nowiki> has not once, not twice but on three separate occasions done what none of her predecessors—including legendary giants <nowiki>[</nowiki>[[Tip O'Neill]] and [[Sam Rayburn]]<nowiki>]</nowiki>—could ever do: persuade the House of Representatives to pass national health-care reform. Pelosi has proved herself to be the most powerful woman in U.S. political history.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Shields |first1=Mark |title=Mark Shields: Pelosi Earns Her Place as Most Powerful Woman in U.S. History |url=https://www.noozhawk.com/032710_mark_shields_nancy_pelosi/ |website=Noozhawk |access-date=19 May 2024 |date=27 March 2010}}</ref>}}

Later in 2010, Gail Russell Chaddock of ''[[The Christian Science Monitor]]'' opined that Pelosi was the "most powerful House speaker since Sam Rayburn a half century ago", adding that she had also been "one of the most partisan".<ref name="Chaddock">{{cite web |last1=Chaddock |first1=Gail Russell |title=Michael Steele's 'Fire Pelosi' bus tour: 48 states or bust |url=https://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Elections/2010/0915/Michael-Steele-s-Fire-Pelosi-bus-tour-48-states-or-bust |website=Christian Science Monitor |date=September 15, 2010}}</ref> Scholars favorably assessed Pelosi's first speakership. In late 2010, [[Norman Ornstein]], a congressional scholar at the conservative-leaning [[American Enterprise Institute]], opined that despite polarized public opinion of Pelosi, "she's going to rank quite high in the pantheon of modern speakers", declaring that the only speaker of the previous 100 years he would rank higher than Pelosi was [[Sam Rayburn]]. [[Catholic University of America]] political scientist Matthew Green opined that the [[111th Congress]] had "been remarkable in its productivity—in both the number of bills enacted and their scope—and Pelosi shares much of the credit."<ref>{{cite web |last1=University |first1=Catholic |title=Experts Rank Pelosi Among Greatest House Speakers |url=https://communications.catholic.edu/in-the-media/2010/11/AOLGreenPelosi.html |website=The Catholic University of America |access-date=October 28, 2023|date=November 4, 2010}}</ref> Green considered Pelosi's tenure as speaker to be among the greatest in U.S. history, highlighting the passage of the Affordable Care Act ("a measure with far-reaching implications for our nation's health care policy"). He also praised Pelosi for occasionally allowing House passage of measures that had majority overall House support but were opposed by the majority of the Democratic House Caucus. He noted that she had occasionally allowed bills to move forward in such fashion despite a high level of [[political polarization]] in the United States.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Green |first1=Matthew |title=Green: Rating Pelosi Against History's Greatest Speakers |url=https://rollcall.com/2010/04/23/green-rating-pelosi-against-historys-greatest-speakers/ |website=Roll Call |access-date=19 May 2024 |date=23 April 2010}}</ref>

In November 2010, Brian Naylor of [[NPR]] opined that:

{{blockquote|During Nancy Pelosi's four years as speaker of the House, Congress approved the health care overhaul—widely considered the most significant piece of domestic legislation since Medicare—along with an $800 billion measure to stimulate the economy and a multi-billion-dollar rescue of the banks. It is a legislative legacy that rivals the accomplishments of any speaker in modern times.<ref>{{cite web |title= Legislative Legacy Works To Pelosi's Detriment |last=Naylor |first=Brian |publisher=NPR |url=https://www.npr.org/2010/11/04/131052930/legislative-legacy-works-to-pelosis-detriment |access-date=28 October 2023}}</ref>}}

In November 2010, after Democrats lost their House majority, ''[[Politico]]'' writer John Bresnahan called Pelosi's record as speaker "mixed". He opined that Pelosi had been a powerful speaker, describing her as wielding "an iron fist in a Gucci glove" and having held "enormous power within the House Democratic Caucus", but noting that she had a "horrible approval rating with the rest of America". Bresnahan wrote that Pelosi's leadership and the legislative agenda she advanced had significantly contributed to the party's loss of its House majority, citing the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act as an example of legislation that hurt the Democrats electorally in 2010. Bresnahan also believed that, ahead of the 2010 elections, Pelosi had "disastrously" misread public opinion, and that Pelosi had been a poor orator.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Bresnahan |first1=John |title=The rise and fall of Nancy Pelosi |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2010/11/the-rise-and-fall-of-nancy-pelosi-044598 |website=Politico |access-date=October 30, 2023|date=November 3, 2010}}</ref>

Thomas Mann of the [[Brookings Institution]] opined in 2018 that Pelosi had been the "strongest and most effective speaker of modern times" during her first speakership.<ref name="Beinart1"/>

In 2018, [[Robert Draper]] wrote for ''[[The New York Times Magazine]]'':

{{blockquote|During Nancy Pelosi’s four years as speaker, there was no confusion as to who was in control. Pelosi used the tools at her disposal—committee assignments, campaign donations—to establish a balance among her party’s coalitions while also reminding everyone that her job was not simply to officiate and appease...But as [[Newt Gingrich]] learned the hard way two decades ago, an autocratic speaker is a short-lived one. Pelosi’s reign was successful because she understood the will of her caucus rather than bending it to hers.<ref name="LastBattle1"/>}}

Draper also wrote that "for all her mastery of Washington's inside game, Pelosi has never been a deft public-facing politician," and called her a poor orator.<ref name="LastBattle1" />

==Second tenure as minority leader (2011–2019)==
[[File:Obama meets with Congressional Leadership July 2011.jpg|thumb|President [[Barack Obama]] meets with Congressional Leadership, July 2011.]]

===112th and 113th Congress===
Though Pelosi was reelected by a comfortable margin in the [[2010 United States House of Representatives elections|2010 elections]], the Democrats lost 63 seats and control of the House of Representatives to the Republicans. After this setback, Pelosi sought to continue leading the House Democratic Caucus as minority leader, the office she held before becoming speaker. Intraparty opposition failed to pass a motion to delay the leadership vote,<ref>{{cite news|last=Bowman|first=Quinn|title=Pelosi Staves off Leadership Challenge, Elected Minority Leader, Boehner to Be House Speaker|url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/move-to-postpone-house-democrats-leadership-election-fails|work=The Rundown|date=November 17, 2010|publisher=[[PBS NewsHour]]|access-date=May 28, 2011|archive-date=November 11, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191111200259/https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/move-to-postpone-house-democrats-leadership-election-fails|url-status=live}}</ref> though she faced a challenge from Representative [[Heath Shuler]]. Shuler lost to Pelosi, 150–43, in the caucus vote on November 17, 2010.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.citizen-times.com/article/2010311180019|title=Heath Shuler challenge to Nancy Pelosi falls short|last=Boyle|first=John|work=[[Asheville Citizen-Times]]|date=November 18, 2010|access-date=November 23, 2010}}</ref> On the opening day of the [[112th United States Congress|112th Congress]], Pelosi was elected minority leader.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://projects.newsobserver.com/under_the_dome/shuler_falls_short_way_short |title=News & Observer: Shuler falls short, way short |website=News Observer |date=January 5, 2011 |access-date=August 8, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120401165407/http://projects.newsobserver.com/under_the_dome/shuler_falls_short_way_short |archive-date=April 1, 2012 }}</ref>

In November 2011, ''[[60 Minutes]]'' alleged that Pelosi and several other members of Congress had used information they gleaned from closed sessions to make money on the stock market. The program cited her purchases of [[Visa Inc.]] stock while a bill that would limit credit card fees was in the House. Pelosi denied the allegations and called the report "a right-wing smear".<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.ca.msn.com/top-stories/pelosi-fires-back-at-report-on-insider-trading |title=Pelosi fires back at report on 'insider trading' |author=msnbc.com and NBC News (with contributions by NBC News' [[Luke Russert]] and Frank Thorp) |date=November 14, 2011 |website=MSN Canada—News |publisher=[[MSN]] |access-date=October 9, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111223121014/http://news.ca.msn.com/top-stories/pelosi-fires-back-at-report-on-insider-trading |archive-date=December 23, 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2011/11/13/politics/60-minutes-pelosi/index.html |title=Pelosi fires back at '60 Minutes' report on 'soft corruption' |date=November 14, 2011 |publisher=[[CNN]] |access-date=October 9, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/Pelosi-aide-calls-60-Minutes-report-a-smear-2289515.php |title=Pelosi aide calls '60 Minutes' report a 'smear' |last=Lochhead |first=Carolyn |date=November 15, 2011 |website=[[San Francisco Chronicle]] |access-date=October 9, 2013}}</ref> When the Stop Trading on Congressional Knowledge Act (or [[STOCK Act]]) was introduced the next year, she voted for it and lauded its passing. Of representatives [[Louise Slaughter]] and [[Tim Walz]], who drafted the bill, Pelosi said they "shined a light on a gaping hole in our ethics laws and helped close it once and for all".<ref>{{cite web|title=Pelosi Statement on Senate Passage of STOCK Act|url=http://pelosi.house.gov/news/press-releases/pelosi-statement-on-senate-passage-of-stock-act|publisher=Congresswoman Nancy Pelosi|access-date=October 9, 2013|date=February 2, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pelosi Statement on Senate Passage of the STOCK Act|url=http://www.democraticleader.gov/news/press/pelosi-statement-senate-passage-stock-act|publisher=Democratic Leader Nancy Pelosi|access-date=October 9, 2013|date=March 22, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130301064619/http://www.democraticleader.gov/news/press/pelosi-statement-senate-passage-stock-act|archive-date=March 1, 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref>

On November 14, 2012, Pelosi announced that she intended to remain Democratic leader.<ref name=WaPoDL>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/she-the-people/wp/2012/11/14/the-millions-of-reasons-nancy-pelosi-decided-to-stay/ |title=The millions of reasons Nancy Pelosi decided to stay |last=Henneberger |first=Melinda |date=November 14, 2012 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=October 9, 2013 |archive-date=December 12, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212071115/https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/she-the-people/wp/2012/11/14/the-millions-of-reasons-nancy-pelosi-decided-to-stay/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

===114th and 115th Congress===

In August 2016, Pelosi said that her personal contact information had been posted online following a cyberattack against top Democratic campaign committees and she had received "obscene and sick calls, voice mails and text messages". She warned members of Congress to avoid letting children or family members answer phone calls or read text messages.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/onpolitics/2016/08/13/pelosi-bombarded-obscene-and-sick-calls-texts-after-cyber-attack/88684466/|title=Pelosi bombarded with 'obscene and sick' calls, texts after cyber attack |first=Erin |last=Kelly |date=August 13, 2018|newspaper=[[USA Today]]|access-date=August 22, 2018|archive-date=November 13, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191113215302/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/onpolitics/2016/08/13/pelosi-bombarded-obscene-and-sick-calls-texts-after-cyber-attack/88684466/|url-status=live}}</ref>
[[File:Nancy Pelosi (16526886414).jpg|thumb|Pelosi speaking at the [[United States Department of Labor]] on [[Equal Pay Day]]]]
[[File:Pelosi greets DREAMers fasting outside the Capitol.jpg|thumb|Pelosi greets [[DREAMers]] fasting outside the Capitol, September 2017.]]

At times, centrists, [[Left liberal|progressive]] candidates and incumbent Democrats all expressed opposition to Pelosi's continued tenure as the party's House leader.<ref>{{Cite news|title=List of Democrats opposing Pelosi|publisher=[[NBC News]]|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/elections/democrats-opposing-pelosi-n899536|url-status=live|access-date=August 8, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191030094712/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/elections/democrats-opposing-pelosi-n899536|archive-date=October 30, 2019}}</ref>

Prompted by colleagues after the [[2016 United States presidential election|2016 presidential election]], [[Tim Ryan (Ohio politician)|Tim Ryan]] of Ohio initiated a bid to replace Pelosi as House minority leader on November 17, 2016.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2016/11/17/politics/nancy-pelosi-leadership-fight-democrats-congress/|title=Rep. Tim Ryan announces challenge to Pelosi |first1=Manu |last1=Raju |first2=Deirdre |last2=Walsh |publisher=[[CNN]]|date=November 17, 2016|access-date=November 30, 2016|archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194828/https://www.cnn.com/2016/11/17/politics/nancy-pelosi-leadership-fight-democrats-congress/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref> After Pelosi agreed to give more leadership opportunities to junior members,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.usnews.com/news/politics/articles/2016-11-22/pelosi-promises-greater-role-for-junior-democrats|title=Pelosi promises more influence for junior Democrats |first=Andrew |last=Taylor |agency=[[Associated Press]]|work=[[U.S. News & World Report]]|date=November 22, 2016|access-date=November 30, 2016|archive-date=April 4, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404073050/https://www.usnews.com/news/politics/articles/2016-11-22/pelosi-promises-greater-role-for-junior-democrats|url-status=live}}</ref> she defeated Ryan by a vote of 134–63 on November 30.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/powerpost/wp/2016/11/30/nancy-pelosis-biggest-leadership-challenge-might-be-beating-expectations/|title=Nancy Pelosi chosen again as House Democratic leader – but tally suggests deep division|first1=Paul|last1=Kane|first2=Ed|last2=O'Keefe|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|date=November 30, 2016|access-date=November 30, 2016|archive-date=November 30, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161130145645/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/powerpost/wp/2016/11/30/nancy-pelosis-biggest-leadership-challenge-might-be-beating-expectations/|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2017, after Democrats lost four consecutive special elections in the House of Representatives, Pelosi's leadership was again called into question. In June 2017, Representative [[Kathleen Rice]] of New York and a small group of other House Democrats, including [[Congressional Black Caucus]] chairman [[Cedric Richmond]], held a closed-door meeting to discuss potential new Democratic leadership.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2017/06/22/politics/democrats-consider-ousting-nancy-pelosi/index.html|title=Democrats meet privately to mull ousting Pelosi|author=Walsh, Deirdre|publisher=[[CNN]]|date=June 23, 2017|access-date=June 23, 2017|archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194723/https://www.cnn.com/2017/06/22/politics/democrats-consider-ousting-nancy-pelosi/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Other House Democrats, including Ryan, [[Seth Moulton]], and [[Filemon Vela Jr.|Filemon Vela]], publicly called for new House leadership.<ref name=":0">{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2017/06/22/politics/nancy-pelosi-kathleen-rice-democrats/index.html|title=Dem rep on Pelosi: 'It's time for people to know when to go'|first=Eugene|last=Scott|publisher=[[CNN]]|date=June 22, 2017|access-date=June 23, 2017|archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194638/https://www.cnn.com/2017/06/22/politics/nancy-pelosi-kathleen-rice-democrats/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In an interview, Rice said, "If you were talking about a company that was posting losing numbers, if you were talking about any sports team that was losing time and time again, changes would be made, right? The CEO out. The coach would be out and there would be a new strategy put in place."<ref name=":0" /> In a press conference, Pelosi defended her leadership, saying, "I respect any opinion that my members have but my decision about how long I stay is not up to them."<ref name=":0" /> When asked specifically why she should stay on as House minority leader after numerous Democratic seats were lost, she responded, "Well, I'm a master legislator. I am a strategic, politically astute leader. My leadership is recognized by many around the country, and that is why I'm able to attract the support that I do."<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/video/national/pelosi-so-you-want-me-to-sing-my-praises/2017/06/22/155ef3fe-5768-11e7-840b-512026319da7_video.html|title=Pelosi: 'So you want me to sing my praises?'|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|access-date=June 24, 2017|archive-date=April 6, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190406213151/https://www.washingtonpost.com/video/national/pelosi-so-you-want-me-to-sing-my-praises/2017/06/22/155ef3fe-5768-11e7-840b-512026319da7_video.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

In November 2017, after Pelosi called for [[John Conyers]]'s resignation over allegations of harassment, she convened the first in a series of planned meetings on strategies to address reforming workplace policies in the wake of national attention to sexual harassment. She said Congress had "a moral duty to the brave women and men coming forward to seize this moment and demonstrate real, effective leadership to foster a climate of respect and dignity in the workplace".<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.politico.com/story/2017/11/30/nancy-pelosi-sexual-harassment-reform-meeting-274245|title=Pelosi convenes sexual harassment reform meeting|date=November 30, 2017 |first1=Elana |last1=Schor |first2=Rachel |last2=Bade |work=[[Politico]]|access-date=August 22, 2018|archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194642/https://www.politico.com/story/2017/11/30/nancy-pelosi-sexual-harassment-reform-meeting-274245|url-status=live}}</ref>

In February 2018, Pelosi sent a letter to Speaker [[Paul Ryan]] about the proposed public release of a memo prepared by Republican staff at the direction of House Intelligence Committee Chairman [[Devin Nunes]]. The memo attacked the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] for its investigation of [[Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections]]. Pelosi said the FBI and the Department of Justice had warned Nunes and Ryan that the memo was inaccurate and that its release could threaten national security by disclosing federal surveillance methods. She added that Republicans were engaged in a "cover-up campaign" to protect Trump: "House Republicans' pattern of obstruction and cover-up to hide the truth about the Trump-Russia scandal represents a threat to our intelligence and our national security. The GOP has led a partisan effort to distort intelligence and discredit the U.S. law enforcement and intelligence communities."<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.politico.com/story/2018/02/01/schumer-pelosi-ask-ryan-to-demote-nunes-over-memo-382313|title=Schumer, Pelosi ask Ryan to demote Nunes over memo |first1=Elana |last1=Schor |first2=Kyle |last2=Cheney |date=February 1, 2018|work=[[Politico]]|access-date=August 22, 2018|archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194707/https://www.politico.com/story/2018/02/01/schumer-pelosi-ask-ryan-to-demote-nunes-over-memo-382313|url-status=live}}</ref> She charged Nunes with "deliberately dishonest actions" and called for his immediate removal from his position.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/371825-pelosi-calls-on-ryan-to-oust-nunes-over-bogus-memo/|title=Pelosi calls on Ryan to oust Nunes over 'bogus' memo|date=February 1, 2018|first=Mike|last=Lillis|newspaper=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]|access-date=November 12, 2018|archive-date=September 10, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190910174349/https://thehill.com/homenews/house/371825-pelosi-calls-on-ryan-to-oust-nunes-over-bogus-memo|url-status=live}}</ref>

In February 2018, Pelosi broke the record for longest House speech using the "[[magic minute]]" custom when she spent more than eight hours recounting stories from [[DREAMers]]—people brought to the United States as minors by undocumented immigrants—to object to a budget deal that would raise spending caps without addressing the future of [[Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals|DACA recipients]], who were at risk of deportation by the Trump administration.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2018/02/07/politics/nancy-pelosi-house-democrats-spending-deal-congress-shutdown/index.html|title=Pelosi marathon speech on DACA sets record|author1=Daniella Diaz |author2=Deirdre Walsh|publisher=[[CNN]]|access-date=February 8, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/onpolitics/2018/02/07/nancy-pelosi-spends-three-hours-reading-dreamer-stories-house-floor/315717002/|title=Nancy Pelosi told DREAMer stories for more than eight hours on the House floor |first=Nicole |last=Gaudiano |work=[[USA Today]] |access-date=February 8, 2018|archive-date=October 22, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191022211115/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/onpolitics/2018/02/07/nancy-pelosi-spends-three-hours-reading-dreamer-stories-house-floor/315717002/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/07/us/politics/pelosi-dreamers-budget-deal.html|title=Pelosi Held House Floor in Advocacy of 'Dreamers' for More Than Eight Hours|author=Sheryl Gay Stolberg|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=February 7, 2018|access-date=February 8, 2018|archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194707/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/07/us/politics/pelosi-dreamers-budget-deal.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

In May 2018, after the White House invited two Republicans and no Democrats to a Department of Justice briefing on an FBI informant who had made contact with the Trump campaign,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.detroitnews.com/story/news/politics/2018/05/22/white-house-bars-dems-nunes-meeting-probe/35232443/|title=White House bars Dems from Nunes meeting on probe|first=Justin|last=Sink|website=Detroit News |date=May 22, 2018|access-date=August 25, 2018|archive-date=May 13, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200513081024/https://www.detroitnews.com/story/news/politics/2018/05/22/white-house-bars-dems-nunes-meeting-probe/35232443/|url-status=live}}</ref> Pelosi and Schumer sent a letter to Deputy Attorney General [[Rod Rosenstein]] and FBI director Wray calling for "a bipartisan Gang of Eight briefing that involves congressional leadership from both chambers".<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.politico.com/story/2018/05/23/schumer-pelops-doj-informant-meeting-604130|title=Schumer, Pelosi: Include us in FBI informant briefing|first=Cristiano|last=Lima|date=May 23, 2018|work=[[Politico]]|access-date=August 25, 2018|archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194755/https://www.politico.com/story/2018/05/23/schumer-pelops-doj-informant-meeting-604130|url-status=live}}</ref>

In August 2018, Pelosi called for [[Duncan D. Hunter]]'s resignation after his indictment on charges of misusing at least $250,000 in campaign funds, saying the charges were "evidence of the rampant culture of corruption among Republicans in Washington today".<ref>{{cite news|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/402948-pelosi-calls-for-duncan-hunter-to-resign/|title=Pelosi calls for Hunter to resign |first=Michael |last=Burke |date=August 21, 2018|newspaper=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]}}</ref>

In April 2018, [[Peter Beinart]] wrote in ''[[The Atlantic]]'' that Pelosi had been "the most effective congressional leader of modern times—and, not coincidentally, the most vilified."<ref name="Beinart1">{{cite web |last1=Beinart |first1=Peter |title=The Nancy Pelosi Problem |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2018/04/the-nancy-pelosi-problem/554048/ |website=The Atlantic |access-date=October 31, 2023|date=March 16, 2018}}</ref>

==Second speakership (2019–2023)==
[[File:Nancy Pelosi Official Painting.jpg|thumb|328x328px|Official painting, 2022]]
In the [[2018 United States House of Representatives elections|2018 elections]], the Democrats recaptured a House majority, gaining 41 seats. This was the party's largest gain in the House since the 1974 post-Watergate elections.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hayes |first1=Christal |title=Democrats won House midterms by largest margin since Watergate scandal, report says |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2018/11/21/democrats-won-house-midterms-largest-margin-since-watergate/2084052002/ |website=USA Today |access-date=October 28, 2023 |date=November 21, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Brufke |first1=Juliegrace |title=House Republicans voice optimism on winning back the House following special election victories |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/499291-house-republicans-voice-optimism-on-winning-back-the-house-following-special/ |website=The Hill |access-date=October 28, 2023 |date=May 23, 2020}}</ref> On November 28, House Democrats nominated Pelosi to once again serve as speaker.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://variety.com/2018/politics/news/democrats-nominate-nancy-pelosi-speaker-1203038974/|title=Democrats Nominate Nancy Pelosi as Next Speaker, but 32 Members Vote No|last=Johnson|first=Ted|magazine=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|date=November 28, 2018|access-date=November 28, 2018|archive-date=December 21, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191221070503/https://variety.com/2018/politics/news/democrats-nominate-nancy-pelosi-speaker-1203038974/|url-status=live}}</ref> She was [[2019 Speaker of the United States House of Representatives election|reelected to the speakership]] at the start of the [[116th United States Congress|116th Congress]] on January 3, 2019. Pelosi "clinched the speakership after weeks of whittling down opposition from some fellow Democrats seeking a new generation of leadership. The deal to win over holdouts put an expiration date on her tenure: she promised not to stay more than four years in the job". 220 House Democrats voted for Pelosi as Speaker and 15 for someone else or no one.<ref>{{Cite news |author=Bloomberg |date=January 3, 2019 |title=Democrats Elect Nancy Pelosi Speaker of the House |url=http://fortune.com/2019/01/03/democrats-elect-nancy-pelosi-as-house-speaker/ |website=[[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]] |access-date=January 28, 2019}}</ref>

On February 4, 2020, at the conclusion of Trump's [[State of the Union]] address, Pelosi tore up her official copy of it.<ref name="Samuels-TheHill">{{cite news|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/481540-pelosi-rips-up-trump-speech-at-conclusion-of-state-of-the-union/|title=Pelosi rips up Trump speech at conclusion of State of the Union|last=Samuels|first=Brett|date=February 4, 2020|work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]|access-date=February 4, 2020|archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194745/https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/481540-pelosi-rips-up-trump-speech-at-conclusion-of-state-of-the-union|url-status=live}}</ref> Her stated reason for doing so was "because it was a courteous thing to do considering the alternatives. It was a such a dirty speech".<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://time.com/5778099/pelosi-trump-speech-rip/|title=Nancy Pelosi Ripped Up a Copy of Trump's State of the Union Address|last=Mansoor|first=Sanya|date=February 4, 2020|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|access-date=February 4, 2020}}</ref> Trump and other Republicans criticized her for this.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/05/us/politics/trump-pelosi.html|title=As White House Calls Pelosi's Speech-Ripping a 'Tantrum', She Feels 'Liberated'|first=Sheryl Gay|last=Stolberg|date=February 5, 2020|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=February 5, 2020|archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194800/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/05/us/politics/trump-pelosi.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://oklahoman.com/article/feed/10011975/pelosi-rips-trump-speech-right-there-on-the-podium/|title=Pelosi shreds Trump's speech. Right there on the podium.|date=February 5, 2020|agency=[[Associated Press]]|newspaper=The Oklahoman|access-date=February 7, 2020|archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194820/https://oklahoman.com/article/feed/10011975/pelosi-rips-trump-speech-right-there-on-the-podium|url-status=dead}}</ref>

In December 2021, Pelosi announced her candidacy for reelection to the House in [[2022 United States House of Representatives elections|2022]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dovere |first=Edward-Isaac |date=December 12, 2021 |title=Pelosi will stay around to lead House Democrats through the next election – and perhaps beyond |url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/12/12/politics/nancy-pelosi-house-democrats-leadership-2022/index.html|website=[[CNN]]|access-date=December 13, 2021}}</ref> In 2018, and again in 2020, she had agreed not to stay on as speaker beyond January 2023, but otherwise avoided questions about her future.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Haberkorn |first=Jennifer |date=September 1, 2022 |title=What the end of the Pelosi era could cost California |url=https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2022-09-01/will-californias-clout-in-washington-sink-when-pelosi-steps-down |access-date=September 4, 2022 |newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref> In 2022, Pelosi was reelected, but the Democratic Party lost the House majority.<ref>{{cite news |last=Breuninger |first=Kevin |date=November 16, 2022 |title=Republicans take control of the House, NBC News projects|website=[[CNBC]] |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2022/11/16/midterm-house-elections-2022-republicans-take-control-of-the-house.html |access-date=November 16, 2022}}</ref> Ten days later, she announced that she would not seek a Democratic leadership post in the next Congress.<ref>{{cite web |title=Nancy Pelosi stands down as leader of US House Democrats |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-63669581 |website=[[BBC News]]|date=November 17, 2022 |access-date=November 17, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last1=Rogers |first1=Alex |last2=Grayer |first2=Annie |last3=Raju |first3=Manu |date=November 17, 2022 |title=Nancy Pelosi announces she won't run for leadership post, marking the end of an era |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/11/17/politics/nancy-pelosi-house-speaker-democrats-future/index.html |access-date=November 17, 2022 |website=[[CNN]]}}</ref>

=== 2018–2019 government shutdown ===
{{Main|2018–2019 United States federal government shutdown}}
[[File:President Trump Meets with the Senate Minority Leader and the House Speaker-Designate.webm|thumb|start=15:32|President [[Donald Trump]] meets with Pelosi and Senate Minority Leader [[Chuck Schumer]] on December 11, 2018, saying "I will be the one to shut it down."]]

At the start of the 116th Congress, Pelosi opposed Trump's attempts to use the [[2018–2019 United States federal government shutdown|2018–2019 federal government shutdown]] (which she called a "hostage-taking" of civil servants) as leverage to build a substantial wall on the U.S.-Mexico border.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Stolberg |first=Sheryl Gay |date=January 20, 2019 |title=Republicans Push Trump Immigration Plan, Seeking to Corner Democrats on Shutdown |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/20/us/politics/trump-government-shutdown-democrats-pence.html |work=[[The New York Times]]|issn=0362-4331 |access-date=January 26, 2019 |url-status=live |archive-date=December 13, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191213101134/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/20/us/politics/trump-government-shutdown-democrats-pence.html}}</ref> She declined to allow Trump to give the [[2019 State of the Union Address|State of the Union Address]] in the House chamber while the shutdown was ongoing.<ref>{{cite tweet |author=Nancy Pelosi |user=SpeakerPelosi |date=January 23, 2019 |title=This afternoon, I sent @realDonaldTrump a letter informing him that the House will not consider a concurrent resolution authorizing the President's State of the Union address in the House Chamber until government has opened. |number=1088168895117176832}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Collins |first1=Kaitlan |last2=Liptak |first2=Kevin |last3=Acosta |first3=Jim |last4=Phillip |first4=Abby |date=January 24, 2019 |title=Trump says he won't give State of the Union during shutdown after being disinvited by Pelosi |url=https://amp.cnn.com/cnn/2019/01/23/politics/white-house-state-of-the-union-off-guard/index.html |work=[[CNN]]|access-date=July 21, 2019 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194740/https://amp.cnn.com/cnn/2019/01/23/politics/white-house-state-of-the-union-off-guard/index.html |url-status=live}}</ref> After several polls showed Trump's popularity sharply falling due to the shutdown, on January 25, 2019, Trump signed a stopgap bill to reopen the government without any concessions regarding a border wall for three weeks to allow negotiations on an appropriations bill. But he reiterated his demand for border wall funding and said he would shut the government down again or declare a national emergency and use military funding to build the wall if Congress did not appropriate the funds by February 15.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Cillizza |first=Chris |date=January 25, 2019 |title=Donald Trump caved. And now the government is going to re-open. |url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/01/25/politics/government-shutdown-donald-trump-nancy-pelosi/index.html |work=[[CNN]]|access-date=January 26, 2019 |archive-date=November 23, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191123003742/https://www.cnn.com/2019/01/25/politics/government-shutdown-donald-trump-nancy-pelosi/index.html |url-status=live}}</ref>

On February 15, Trump declared a national emergency in order to bypass Congress, after being unsatisfied with a bipartisan bill that had passed the House and Senate the day before.<ref>{{Cite news |first1=Peter |last1=Baker |first2=Emily |last2=Cochrane |first3=Maggie |last3=Haberman |date=February 14, 2019 |title=As Congress Passes Spending Bill, Trump Plans National Emergency to Build Border Wall |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/14/us/politics/trump-national-emergency-border.html |work=[[The New York Times]]|issn=0362-4331 |access-date=February 7, 2020|archive-date=February 15, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190215155021/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/14/us/politics/trump-national-emergency-border.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
[[File:MedalCeremony 1 011520 (44 of 69) (49396285057).jpg|thumb|Congressional leaders in January 2020]]

=== Impeachments of President Trump ===
{{Main|First impeachment of Donald Trump|Second impeachment of Donald Trump}}

On September 29, 2019, Pelosi announced the launch of [[First impeachment inquiry against Donald Trump|an impeachment inquiry]] against Trump.<ref>{{cite news |title=Pelosi announces impeachment inquiry |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-us-canada-49816150 |website=[[BBC News]]|date=September 24, 2019}}</ref> On December 5, 2019, after the inquiry had taken place, Pelosi authorized the Judiciary Committee to begin drafting articles of impeachment.<ref>{{cite news |last=Rowland |first=Geoffrey |date=December 6, 2019 |title=The Hill's Morning Report – Pelosi makes it official: Trump will be impeached |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/morning-report/473326-the-hills-morning-report/ |website=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]|access-date=December 6, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206163110/https://thehill.com/homenews/morning-report/473326-the-hills-morning-report|archive-date=December 6, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> After hearings were held,<ref>{{cite news |last=Gregorian |first=Dareh |date=November 26, 2019 |title=House Judiciary Committee announces first impeachment hearing, invites Trump to attend |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/trump-impeachment-inquiry/house-judiciary-committee-announces-first-impeachment-hearing-invites-trump-attend-n1091861 |work=[[NBC News]]|access-date=November 27, 2019 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191127051745/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/trump-impeachment-inquiry/house-judiciary-committee-announces-first-impeachment-hearing-invites-trump-attend-n1091861 |archive-date=November 27, 2019}}</ref> two articles of impeachment were announced on December 10.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2019/12/10/democrats-ready-reveal-of-articles-of-impeachment-079950|title=Democrats unveil 2 articles of impeachment against Trump|last1=Desiderio |first1=Andrew|last2=Cheney|first2=Kyle|date=December 10, 2019|website=[[Politico]]|url-status=live|access-date=December 10, 2019|last3=Caygle |first3=Heather|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191210133015/https://www.politico.com/news/2019/12/10/democrats-ready-reveal-of-articles-of-impeachment-079950|archive-date=December 10, 2019}}</ref> The House of Representatives approved both articles on December 18, thereby formally impeaching Trump.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Fritze |first=John |date=December 18, 2019 |title=House impeaches Donald Trump in historic vote, reshuffling U.S. politics on eve of 2020 |work=[[USA Today]]|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2019/12/18/house-approves-articles-impeachment-trump-historic-vote/2679963001/ |access-date=December 18, 2019 |archive-date=January 8, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210108015905/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2019/12/18/house-approves-articles-impeachment-trump-historic-vote/2679963001/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[File:Nancy Pelosi signs the article of the second impeachment of Donald Trump 24.png|thumb|Pelosi signs the article of impeachment for the second impeachment of Donald Trump on January 13, 2021.]]

The day after the [[January 6 United States Capitol attack]], Pelosi demanded that Trump either resign or be removed from office through the clauses of section four the [[Twenty-Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution]], threatening impeachment if this did not happen.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Pecorin |first1=Allison |last2=Khan |first2=Mariam |title=Pelosi, Schumer call for Trump's immediate removal, threaten impeachment |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/pelosi-schumer-call-trumps-removal-threaten-impeachment/story?id=75111588 |publisher=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] |access-date=January 14, 2021|date=January 7, 2021}}</ref> On January 10, she issued a 24-hour ultimatum to Vice President [[Mike Pence]], that if he did not invoke the 25th amendment, she would proceed with legislation to impeach Trump.<ref>{{cite news |title=Nancy Pelosi's ultimatum: 25th Amendment or second Trump impeachment |agency=[[Associated Press]] |url=https://www.marketwatch.com/story/nancy-pelosis-ultimatum-25th-amendment-or-second-trump-impeachment-01610334099 |website=[[MarketWatch]]|access-date=January 14, 2021 |date=January 10, 2021}}</ref> On January 13, the House voted to impeach Trump a second time.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Singh (now) |first1=Maanvi |last2=Greve |first2=Joan E. |last3=Belam (earlier) |first3=Martin |last4=Strauss |first4=Daniel |last5=Beckett |first5=Lois |last6=Smith |first6=David |last7=Benwell |first7=Max |date=January 14, 2021 |title=Donald Trump becomes the first US president to be impeached for a second time – as it happened |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/live/2021/jan/13/donald-trump-impeachment-nancy-pelosi-joe-biden-mike-pence-congress-covid-coronavirus-live-updates |website=[[The Guardian]]|access-date=January 14, 2021}}</ref>

=== COVID-19 pandemic and response ===
[[File:P20210312AS-2551 (51102888325).jpg|thumb|right|Pelosi delivers remarks on the [[American Rescue Plan Act of 2021|American Rescue Plan]] in March 2021.]]
{{Main |COVID-19 pandemic in the United States}}

Pelosi facilitated passage of the [[Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act|CARES Act]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Caygle |first1=Heather |last2=Ferris |first2=Sarah |date=April 23, 2020 |title=House passes $484 billion relief package after weeks of partisan battles |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2020/04/23/house-vote-pass-coronavirus-aid-package-203965 |website=[[Politico]] |access-date=May 11, 2020 |archive-date=August 18, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200818160612/https://www.politico.com/news/2020/04/23/house-vote-pass-coronavirus-aid-package-203965 |url-status=live}}</ref> She attracted controversy when footage emerged in early September 2020 of her visiting a hair salon in San Francisco. This was contrary to regulations enforced at that time preventing service indoors.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Nancy Pelosi seen without mask inside San Francisco hair salon |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-53994209 |work=[[BBC News]]|date=September 2, 2020 |access-date=December 11, 2020 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194811/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-53994209|url-status=live}}</ref> Criticized for hypocrisy by Trump and the owners of the salon, Pelosi described the situation as "clearly a setup". Her stylist and other Democrats defended her.<ref>{{cite news |last=Mehta |first=Seema |date=September 3, 2020 |title=Nancy Pelosi says her visit to a hair salon was a 'setup.' Stylist backs her up |url=https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2020-09-02/pelosi-hair-fallout-salon-mask |website=[[Los Angeles Times]]|access-date=December 11, 2020 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194647/https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2020-09-02/pelosi-hair-fallout-salon-mask |url-status=live}}</ref>

===Infrastructure bill===
Pelosi played a key role in the 2021 passage of the [[Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act]].

''The New York Times'' credited the legislation's passage to Pelosi's decision to adopt a Congressional Black Caucus proposal to pair together the final vote on the bill with a good-faith vote on the rules governing debate on a subsequent social safety net bill. The Times noted that Pelosi did not make herself the public face of this, instead having Congressional Black Caucus Chairwoman [[Joyce Beatty]] persuade House Democratic Caucus members to accept the proposal. The ''New York Times'' wrote, "in effect, the speaker had harnessed one faction of her unruly Democrats to win over two others."<ref name="Cillizzamosteffective">{{cite web |last1=Cillizza |first1=Chris |title=Nancy Pelosi is the most effective speaker ever {{!}} CNN Politics |url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/11/08/politics/nancy-pelosi-infrastructure/index.html |website=CNN |access-date=October 28, 2023|date=November 8, 2021}}</ref> [[Chris Cillizza]] of [[CNN]] wrote:

{{blockquote|Consider the challenge Pelosi faced with this infrastructure bill—starting with the fact that she had only a three-seat majority, meaning that even a handful of renegade Democrats could scuttle the entire thing. Then add in the total lack of trust not only between House liberals and Senate moderates but also the decided lack of trust between House liberals and House moderates. And sprinkle in the fact that the entire bill had been at an impasse for months as both sides of the party wrangled for leverage on the broader $1.75 trillion social safety net legislation.<ref name="Cillizzamosteffective"/>}}

===Other notable legislation===
During the 117th Congress, the [[CHIPS and Science Act]], [[Inflation Reduction Act]], and [[Honoring our PACT Act of 2022]] (PACT Act) were passed.<ref name="Chervinsky"/>

===Assessments of second speakership===
As with her first tenure, experts gave Pelosi's second tenure as speaker high marks, with many opining that during her two tenures as speaker she had been among the most effective individuals to hold the position.

In June 2019, [[Brent Budowsky]] opined in ''[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]'' that Pelosi had been "the most important, consequential and effective Speaker since Tip O'Neill" as well as "one of the greatest Speakers who ever served."<ref>{{cite web |last1=Budowsky |first1=Brent |title=Budowsky: Pelosi, a historically great Speaker |url=https://thehill.com/opinion/447199-budowsky-pelosi-a-historically-great-speaker/ |website=The Hill |access-date=October 28, 2023 |date=June 5, 2019}}</ref> In January 2020, on the eve of Trump's [[First impeachment trial of Donald Trump|first impeachment trial before the U.S. Senate]], ''Washington Post'' political writer Paul Kane called Pelosi the most powerful House speaker in at least 25 years, noting that some historians were comparing her influence to that of former speaker Sam Rayburn.<ref>{{cite news |last=Kane |first=Paul |date=January 11, 2020 |title=Showdown over Trump impeachment trial underscores power of Pelosi and McConnell |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/powerpost/showdown-over-trump-impeachment-trial-underscores-power-of-pelosi-and-mcconnell/2020/01/11/59ceffdc-33e5-11ea-9313-6cba89b1b9fb_story.html |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|access-date=January 22, 2020 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194818/https://www.washingtonpost.com/powerpost/showdown-over-trump-impeachment-trial-underscores-power-of-pelosi-and-mcconnell/2020/01/11/59ceffdc-33e5-11ea-9313-6cba89b1b9fb_story.html |url-status=live}}</ref> In 2021, former Republican speaker John Boehner opined that Pelosi had been the most powerful House speaker in U.S. history.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Green |first1=Lloyd |title=Madam Speaker review: how Nancy Pelosi bested Bush and Trump |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2021/apr/24/madam-speaker-review-nancy-pelosi-bush-trump |website=The Guardian |access-date=October 28, 2023 |date=April 24, 2021}}</ref>

In November 2022, [[Chris Cillizza]] wrote that Pelosi was "the most effective speaker ever."<ref name="Cillizzamosteffective"/> Johnathan Bernstein opined for ''The Washington Post'' and ''[[Bloomberg News]]'' that Pelosi was "the greatest speaker in history."<ref>{{cite news |title=Analysis {{!}} Nancy Pelosi Is the Greatest Speaker in History |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/nancy-pelosi-is-the-greatest-speaker-in-history/2022/11/18/ebe3268c-6745-11ed-b08c-3ce222607059_story.html |newspaper=Washington Post |access-date=October 28, 2023 |date=November 18, 2022}}</ref> Jackie Calmes of the ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' shared the same opinion.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Calmes |first1=Jackie |title=Column: Nancy Pelosi, the GOAT |url=https://www.latimes.com/opinion/story/2022-11-17/nancy-pelosi-speaker-democratic-leader |website=Los Angeles Times |access-date=October 28, 2023 |date=November 18, 2022}}</ref> Sarah Ferris of ''Politico'' called Pelosi "a legislative giant regarded as one of the most powerful speakers in modern U.S. history."<ref>{{cite web |last1=Ferris |first1=Sarah |title=Pelosi, first woman speaker, to depart Dem leadership in seismic shift |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2022/11/17/pelosi-first-woman-speaker-to-depart-dem-leadership-in-seismic-shift-00069222 |website=POLITICO |access-date=October 28, 2023|date=November 17, 2022}}</ref> Historian Lindsay M. Chervinsky wrote for [[NBC News]] that Pelosi was "one of the most effective speakers in history" and had been so while facing "the double standards that apply to powerful women."<ref name="Chervinsky">{{cite web |last1=Chervinsky |first1=Lindsay M. |title=Opinion |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/think/opinion/jan-6-hearing-footage-nancy-pelosi-influential-house-speaker-rcna52502 |website=NBC News |access-date=October 29, 2023|date=November 17, 2022}}</ref>

John Haduk wrote for the Brookings Institution:

{{Blockquote|Whether you agree with her politics or not, it is undeniable that <nowiki>[Pelosi]</nowiki> has been a remarkably effective House leader. That success has come as both House Minority Leader and as Speaker of the House. As Speaker, she has worked with a majority as large as 81 seats in November and December 2009 (258–177) and one as small as 6 seats from April to May 2021 (218–212).<ref>{{cite web |last1=Haduk |first1=John |title=The GOP should see Nancy Pelosi as a role model, not a villain |url=https://www.brookings.edu/articles/the-gop-should-see-nancy-pelosi-as-a-role-model-not-a-villain/ |website=Brookings Institution |access-date=28 October 2023 |date=November 18, 2022}}</ref>}}

A number of progressive and liberal-leaning outlets published strong assessments of Pelosi's tenure. Harold Meyerson opined that Pelosi had been the greatest speaker in U.S. history in an article in ''[[The American Prospect]]''.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Meyerson |first1=Harold |title=The Greatest-Ever Speaker of the House |url=https://prospect.org/blogs-and-newsletters/tap/greatest-ever-speaker-of-the-house-nancy-pelosi/ |website=The American Prospect |access-date=October 28, 2023|date=November 17, 2022}}</ref> Amanda Marcotte of ''[[Salon.com]]'' opined that Pelosi was the greatest speaker of all time, calling her "both the most effective and most progressive House speaker of all time." Marcotte added that Pelosi had been effective "both in terms of managing an unruly caucus and being able to push her party in more progressive directions."<ref>{{cite web |last1=Marcotte |first1=Amanda |title=Nancy Pelosi's historic run as speaker comes with a lesson: Quit while you're ahead |url=https://www.salon.com/2022/11/23/nancy-pelosis-historic-run-as-speaker-comes-with-a-lesson-quit-while-youre-ahead/ |website=Salon |access-date=October 28, 2023|date=November 23, 2022}}</ref>

==Continued House tenure (2023–present)==
On November 29, 2022, the [[Steering and Policy Committees of the United States House of Representatives|Steering and Policy Committee]] of the House Democratic Caucus honorarily named Pelosi "speaker emerita" in the upcoming [[118th U.S. Congress]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Diaz |first=Daniella |date=December 2, 2022 |title=House Democrats pick Hakeem Jeffries to succeed Nancy Pelosi, the first Black lawmaker to lead a party in Congress|url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/11/30/politics/house-democratic-leadership-vote/index.html| work=[[CNN]]| access-date=January 7, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news| last=Schnell| first=Mychael| date=December 1, 2022| title=House panel votes to designate Pelosi 'Speaker Emerita'|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/3757247-house-panel-votes-to-designate-pelosi-speaker-emerita/| access-date=January 7, 2023| work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]}}</ref> Her second speakership, and her participation in the House Democratic Party leadership, concluded on January 3, 2023, at the end of the [[117th United States Congress|117th Congress]].<ref>{{cite news| last=Hulse| first=Carl| date=January 3, 2023| title=The Pelosi Era Comes to a Close| work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/01/03/us/politics/nancy-pelosi.html| access-date=January 7, 2023}}</ref>

Amid concerns about President Biden's reelection prospects in the [[2024 United States presidential election|2024 presidential election]], Pelosi played a key role in the effort to pressure him [[Withdrawal of Joe Biden from the 2024 United States presidential election|to withdraw]] his [[Joe Biden 2024 presidential campaign|candidacy]] before [[2024 Democratic National Convention|the Democratic National Convention]].<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.vanityfair.com/news/story/nancy-pelosi-democrats-force-joe-biden-out|title=How Nancy Pelosi Ripped Off the Band-Aid for Democrats to Force Joe Biden Out|date=October 14, 2024|magazine=Vanity Fair|first1=Jonathan|last1=Alter|access-date=October 15, 2024}}</ref> She personally warned Biden that she feared his faltering candidacy might not only result in Trump's victory but also have a [[coattail effect]] that could bring Democrats defeat in the coinciding House and Senate elections and give Republicans a [[government trifecta]]. When Democratic members of Congress privately sought her guidance on how to handle their concerns, Pelosi advised them "speak their conscience". On the July 10 edition of ''[[MSNBC|MSNBC’s]] [[Morning Joe]]'', Pelosi said the party encouraged Biden to make the decision because time was running out.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bolies |first=Corbin |date=2024-07-23 |title=Secrets of How 'Morning Joe' Snatched Back Its Mojo |url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/secrets-of-how-morning-joe-got-back-its-mojo |access-date=2024-08-02 |work=The Daily Beast}}</ref> Later that day, Pelosi's office stated: "Speaker Pelosi fully supports whatever President Biden decides to do. We must turn our attention to why this race is so important: Donald Trump would be a disaster for our country and our democracy."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Adragna |first=Anthony |date=July 10, 2024 |title=Pelosi dodges on Biden reelection bid: 'I want him to do whatever he decides to do' |url=https://www.politico.com/live-updates/2024/07/10/congress/pelosis-non-ringing-biden-endorsement-00167253 |access-date=August 2, 2024 |website=Politico}}</ref> The growing number of members of Congress calling for Biden to withdraw heightened the pressure on him.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Murphy |first1=Tim |title=Nancy Pelosi Did What She's Always Done |url=https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2024/07/nancy-pelosi-did-what-shes-always-done |website=Mother Jones |access-date=23 July 2024 |date=July 22, 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Wong |first1=Scott |last2=Vitali |first2=Ali |title=As Biden dug in on continuing his campaign, Nancy Pelosi kept the pressure on |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/nancy-pelosi-helped-pressure-joe-biden-end-2024-campaign-rcna162943 |website=NBC News |access-date=23 July 2024|date=22 July 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Filipovic |first1=Jill |title=How Nancy Pelosi Got This Done |url=https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2024/07/nancy-pelosi-kamala-harris-endorsement-biden-jeffries-schumer.html |website=Slate |access-date=23 July 2024 |date=22 July 2024}}</ref> Biden withdrew his candidacy on July 21 and endorsed Vice President [[Kamala Harris]] as the party's presidential nominee.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Shear |first1=Michael D. |title=Biden Drops Out of Presidential Race and Endorses Harris |url=https://www.nytimes.com/live/2024/07/21/us/biden-drops-out-election |website=The New York Times |access-date=23 July 2024 |date=21 July 2024}}</ref> Before Biden withdrew, Pelosi had expressed to other California congressional Democrats her belief that the possible selection of a new nominee should be done competitively through an "open process".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Ferris |first1=Sarah |last2=Cadelago |first2=Christopher |title=Pelosi voiced support for an open nomination process if Biden drops out |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2024/07/19/pelosi-support-open-nomination-biden-drop-out-00169893 |website=Politico |access-date=31 July 2024 |date=July 19, 2024}}</ref> She briefly held off from endorsing [[Kamala Harris 2024 presidential campaign|Harris's candidacy]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Schnell |first1=Mychael |title=Pelosi, Jeffries Stop Short of Backing Harris As 2024 Nominee |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/4784903-pelosi-jeffries-endorsement-harris/ |website=The Hill |access-date=31 July 2024 |date=July 21, 2024}}</ref> before doing so the next day.<ref>{{cite web |last1=House |first1=Bill |last2=Breslau |first2=Karen |last3=Wasson |first3=Erik |title=Pelosi Endorses Harris for President After Pushing Biden to Exit |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-07-22/pelosi-endorses-fellow-bay-area-californian-harris-for-president |website=Bloomberg News |access-date=23 July 2024|date=22 July 2024}}</ref> Although Harris did not win any primary elections, Pelosi insisted that the process that led to Harris's nomination was a "primary". She told [[Semafor (website)|Semafor]] on September 18 that Harris earned her nomination because "We had an open primary, and she won it. Nobody else got in the race."<ref>{{cite web |last1=Walker |first1=Jackson |title=Pelosi claims VP Harris won 'open primary,' points to fact 'nobody else got in the race' |url=https://www.wjla.com/news/nation-world/pelosi-claims-vp-harris-won-open-primary-points-to-fact-nobody-else-got-in-the-racerep-nancy-pelosi-california-democrat-claimed-wednesday-vice-president-kamala-harris-election-biden-trump-2024-november-president |publisher=ABC 7 News |access-date=10 December 2024 |date=18 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author1=Washington Examiner Staff |title=Nancy Pelosi claims Kamala Harris won 'open primary' to be Democratic nominee |url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/campaigns/presidential/3160859/nancy-pelosi-claimed-kamala-harris-won-open-primary-to-be-democratic-nominee/ |publisher=Washington Examiner |access-date=10 December 2024 |date=20 September 2024}}</ref> After Harris lost to Trump, Pelosi blamed Biden's late exit from the race and the lack of an open Democratic primary.<ref>{{cite web |last=Peller |first=Lauren |date=November 8, 2024 |title=Pelosi blames Harris' loss on Biden's late exit and no open Democratic primary |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/pelosi-blames-harris-loss-bidens-late-exit-open/story?id=115652125 |access-date=December 10, 2024 |publisher=ABC News}}</ref>

== House committee assignments and caucus memberships ==
In the House, Pelosi served on the [[United States House Committee on Appropriations|Appropriations]] and [[United States House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence|Intelligence]] Committees and was the [[ranking member]] on the latter until her election as minority leader.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/washington/2006-11-08-pelosi-congress_x.htm |work=[[USA Today]] |title=Pelosi to lead Congress |first=Andrea |last=Stone |date=November 9, 2006 |access-date=May 19, 2010 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194735/https://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/washington/2006-11-08-pelosi-congress_x.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> She is a member of the [[House Baltic Caucus]] and the [[Congressional Equality Caucus]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Members|url=http://housebalticcaucus.webs.com/members|publisher=House Baltic Caucus|access-date=February 21, 2018|archive-date=February 21, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180221222500/http://housebalticcaucus.webs.com/members|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-06 |title=Membership {{!}} Congressional Equality Caucus |url=https://equality.house.gov/about-cec/membership |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240816014929/https://equality.house.gov/about-cec/membership |archive-date=August 16, 2024 |access-date=2024-08-16 |website=equality.house.gov}}</ref>

==Role as a Democratic Party fundraiser==
Early in her political career, Pelosi established herself as a prominent fundraiser in the party.<ref name="LastBattle1">{{cite web |last1=Draper |first1=Robert |title=Nancy Pelosi's Last Battle |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/19/magazine/nancy-pelosi-house-democrats.html |website=The New York Times |access-date=October 30, 2023 |date=November 19, 2018}}</ref> She was one of the party's most prolific fundraisers, transferring significant funds to committees for other candidates.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mehta |first1=Seema |title=California Reps. McCarthy, Pelosi, Porter and Schiff among nation's biggest fundraisers |url=https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2022-02-02/fundraising-newsom-congress-mccarthy-pelosi |website=Los Angeles Times |access-date=October 25, 2023 |date=February 2, 2022}}</ref><ref name="Besnahan">{{cite web |last1=Palmer |first1=Anna |last2=Bresnahan |first2=John |title=Pelosi the money juggernaut |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2014/09/nancy-pelosi-house-democrats-fundraising-110777 |website=Politico |access-date=October 25, 2023|date=September 9, 2014}}</ref> During the 2000 and 2002 election cycles, among members of Congress, she contributed the most money to other congressional campaigns.<ref>{{cite news|last=Suellentrop|first=Chris |url=http://beta.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/assessment/2002/11/nancy_pelosi.html|title=Nancy Pelosi: The leader the House Democrats deserve.|work=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]] |date=November 13, 2002 |access-date=October 6, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150327142811/http://beta.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/assessment/2002/11/nancy_pelosi.html|archive-date=March 27, 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2006, Pelosi was the Democratic Party's third-largest fundraiser, behind former first couple [[Bill Clinton|Bill]] and [[Hillary Clinton]].<ref name="ABCNov82006">{{cite web |title=Pelosi to Make History as First Woman Speaker of the House |url=https://abcnews.go.com/GMA/story?id=2607555&page=1 |website=ABC News |access-date=October 28, 2023|date=November 8, 2006}}</ref> From 2003 to 2014, Pelosi raised more than $400 million in campaign funds.<ref name="Besnahan" />

==Political positions==

[[File:Ellison-20070104.jpg|thumb|right|Pelosi and Representative [[Keith Ellison]] at his swearing-in ceremony with [[Thomas Jefferson]]'s [[Quran]] in 2007]]

Pelosi was a founding member of the [[Congressional Progressive Caucus]], which she left in 2003 after being elected House minority leader.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/congressional-progressive-caucus-more-influential-pramila-jayapal_us_5bfd8d84e4b0771fb6bee520|title=The Progressive Caucus Has A Chance To Be More Influential Than Ever|last=Marans|first=Daniel|date=November 27, 2018|work=[[HuffPost]]|access-date=January 5, 2019|archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194834/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/congressional-progressive-caucus-more-influential-pramila-jayapal_n_5bfd8d84e4b0771fb6bee520|url-status=live}}</ref> She is still widely considered a liberal.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Page |first=Susan |date=April 15, 2021 |title=Inside Nancy Pelosi's War With AOC and the Squad |url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2021/04/15/nancy-pelosi-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-481704 |access-date=August 15, 2024 |website=Politico}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Illing |first=Sean |date=2020-05-15 |title=Nancy Pelosi's political philosophy, explained |url=https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2020/5/15/21247994/nancy-pelosi-democratic-party-molly-ball |access-date=2024-08-16 |website=Vox}}</ref>

===Civil liberties and human rights===

[[File:Congresswoman Pelosi honors Daw Aung San Suu Kyi (8281367405).jpg|thumb|Pelosi with [[Aung San Suu Kyi]], Myanmar's pro-democracy leader, at a [[Congressional Gold Medal]] ceremony in 2012]]

In 2001, she voted in favor of the [[USA Patriot Act]], but voted against reauthorization of certain provisions in 2005.<ref>{{cite press release |title=Pelosi: Reauthorization of Patriot Act a Massive Invasion of Privacy |publisher=Office of Congresswoman Nancy Pelosi |date=December 14, 2005 |url=http://www.house.gov/pelosi/press/releases/Dec05/patriotpass.html |access-date=July 31, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070730015603/http://www.house.gov/pelosi/press/releases/Dec05/patriotpass.html |archive-date=July 30, 2007 }}</ref> She voted against a [[Flag Desecration Amendment|Constitutional amendment banning flag-burning]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2005/roll296.xml |title=Final Vote Results for Roll Call 296: H J RES 10 |website=House.gov |date=June 22, 2005 |access-date=July 24, 2018 |archive-date=October 26, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101026141802/http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2005/roll296.xml |url-status=live }}</ref>


====Immigration====
====Immigration====
Pelosi has been a constant supporter of [[immigrant]] rights.<ref name=VoteSma15>{{cite web
| title = Immigration Issues
| work = Key Vote
| publisher = [[Project Vote Smart]]
| date = 2006
| url = http://www.vote-smart.org/voting_category.php?can_id=H0222103&type=category&category=Immigration&go.x=10&go.y=7
| accessdate = 2006-11-12 }}</ref> She has voted against the States' choice to deny [[public education]] services to [[illegal immigrants]] and allow them to collect public assistance such as [[welfare]] and [[Medicaid]]. She also voted against the [[Secure Fence Act of 2006]], which authorizes the construction of 700 miles of double-layered fencing between the [[U.S.]] and [[Mexico]].


[[File:Rep. Nancy Pelosi, Supreme Court news conference to call for the reversal of President Trump%E2%80%99s travel ban on refugees and immigrants from several Middle East countries (32497355571).jpg|thumb|Pelosi speaking against President Trump's [[Executive Order 13769|immigration ban]]]]
==== Minimum wage ====
Pelosi has consistently voted for increasing the federal [[minimum wage]].<ref name=VoteSma16>{{cite web
| title = Labor Issues
| work = Key Vote
| publisher = [[Project Vote Smart]]
| date = 2006
| url = http://www.vote-smart.org/voting_category.php?can_id=H0222103&type=category&category=Labor&go.x=12&go.y=8
| accessdate = 2006-11-12 }}</ref>


Pelosi voted against the [[Secure Fence Act of 2006]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Key Votes by Nancy Pelosi |date=May 30, 2016 |url=http://projects.washingtonpost.com/congress/members/p000197/key-votes/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160530202819/http://projects.washingtonpost.com/congress/members/P000197/key-votes/ |archive-date=May 30, 2016 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=February 3, 2010}}</ref>
==== Anti-Lobbyist ====
Pelosi has introduced a bill, the Honest Leadership and Open Government Act, to congress. This bill is a set of rules aimed at reducing the amount of corruption in congress by lobbyists. The rules are intended to stop anyone who might try to buy a congressman's vote through gifts of any kind. Furthermore, house members will not be able to slip in special interest amendments to laws that are unrealated. All new bills presented to congress, under the HLOG Act, will be subject to a 24 holding period so it can be checked over for any deceptive legislation. HLOG will also ban lobbyists from accessing the [[House Gym]], and even keeps them away from the [[House floor]]. All of this will be monitored directly by the [[Office of Public Integrity]], which reports directly, and solely, to the [[U.S. Attorney's Office]].<ref>http://www.cbc.ca/news/reportsfromabroad/champblog/2006/10/nancy_pelosis_tough_new_rules.html</ref>


In June 2018, Pelosi visited a federal facility used to detain migrant children separated from their parents and subsequently called for the resignation of Department of Homeland Security Secretary [[Kirstjen Nielsen]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/392844-pelosi-visits-san-diego-detention-facility/ |title=Pelosi visits detention facility, says DHS secretary should resign |date=June 18, 2018 |newspaper=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] |access-date=August 22, 2018 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194650/https://thehill.com/homenews/house/392844-pelosi-visits-san-diego-detention-facility |url-status=live }}</ref> In July, Pelosi characterized the compromise immigration bill by the Republicans as a "deal with the devil" and said she had not had conversations with House Speaker Ryan about a legislative solution to the separation of families at the southern border.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/393476-pelosi-gop-immigration-bill-is-a-compromise-with-the-devil/ |title=Pelosi: GOP immigration bill is 'a compromise with the devil' |date=July 21, 2018 |newspaper=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]}}</ref>
==Electoral History==
*'''2006 Race for U.S. House of Representatives - California 8th District''' (results not yet certified)
**Nancy Pelosi (D) (inc.), 80%
**[[Mike DeNunzio]] (R), 10%
**Krissy Keefer (G), 8%
**Philip Z. Berg (L), 1.5%


In April 2021, after southern border crossings peaked, House Republicans criticized Pelosi for saying that immigration under the Biden administration was "on a good path". U.S. Customs and Border Protection reported that nearly 19,000 unaccompanied minors arrived in March.<ref>{{cite news|last=Czachor|first=Emily|date=April 8, 2021|title=Nancy Pelosi sparks backlash for saying border on a 'good path' as U.S. sees most unaccompanied minors ever|url=https://www.newsweek.com/nancy-pelosi-sparks-backlash-saying-border-good-path-us-sees-most-unaccompanied-minors-ever-1582087|access-date=March 25, 2021|website=[[Newsweek]]}}</ref>
*'''2004 Race for U.S. House of Representatives - California 8th District'''
**Nancy Pelosi (D) (inc.), 83%
**Jennifer Depalma (R), 12%
**Leilani Dowell (PF), 3.5%
**Terry Baum (G) (write-in) 2%


====LGBT rights====
*'''2002 Race for U.S. House of Representatives - California 8th District'''
**Nancy Pelosi (D) (inc.), 80%
**G. Michael Geman (R), 13%
**Jay Pond (G), 6%
**Ira Spivack (L), 2%


[[File:Nancy Pelosi (9179648593).jpg|thumb|Pelosi at the 2013 [[San Francisco Pride]] Festival]]
*'''2000 Race for U.S. House of Representatives - California 8th District'''
**Nancy Pelosi (D) (inc.), 85%
**Adam Sparks (R), 12%
**Erik Bauman (L), 3%
**David Smithstein (NL), 1.2%


Pelosi has long supported [[LGBT]] rights. In 1996, she voted against the [[Defense of Marriage Act]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://clerk.house.gov/evs/1996/roll316.xml |title=Final Vote Results for Roll Call |access-date=February 3, 2010 |archive-date=October 17, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121017063745/http://clerk.house.gov/evs/1996/roll316.xml |url-status=live }}</ref> and in 2004 and 2006, she voted against the proposed [[Federal Marriage Amendment]], which would amend the [[United States Constitution]] to define marriage federally as being between one man and one woman, thereby overriding states' individual rights to legalize [[same-sex marriage]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ontheissues.org/CA/Nancy_Pelosi_Civil_Rights.htm |title=Nancy Pelosi on Civil Rights |access-date=February 3, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/Top-state-Dems-criticize-S-F-mayor-TIGHTROPE-2821901.php |title=Top state Dems criticize S.F. mayor / TIGHTROPE: Politicians try not to anger voters—50% of Californians oppose same-sex unions |first1=Mark |last1=Simon |first2=Carla |last2=Marinucci |work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]] |date=February 2, 2004 |access-date=January 19, 2019 |archive-date=September 3, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190903143838/https://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/Top-state-Dems-criticize-S-F-mayor-TIGHTROPE-2821901.php |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonblade.com/2019/01/10/12-times-nancy-pelosi-was-there-for-lgbt-community/|title=12 times Nancy Pelosi was there for LGBT community|date=January 10, 2019|website=Washington Blade|access-date=May 14, 2019|archive-date=August 18, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190818013641/https://www.washingtonblade.com/2019/01/10/12-times-nancy-pelosi-was-there-for-lgbt-community/|url-status=live}}</ref> When the [[Supreme Court of California]] overturned the [[2000 California Proposition 22|state's ban on marriage between same-sex couples]] in 2008, Pelosi released a statement welcoming the "historic decision". She also indirectly voiced her opposition to [[2008 California Proposition 8|California Proposition 8]], a successful 2008 [[California ballot proposition|state ballot initiative]] which defined marriage in California as a union between one man and one woman.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.house.gov/pelosi/press/releases/May08/marriage.html |title=Pelosi Statement on California State Supreme Court Ruling on Gay Marriage |website=House.gov |date=May 15, 2008 |access-date=June 14, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080802174815/http://www.house.gov/pelosi/press/releases/May08/marriage.html |archive-date=August 2, 2008}}</ref>
*'''1998 Race for U.S. House of Representatives - California 8th District'''
**Nancy Pelosi (D) (inc.), 86%
**David Martz (R), 12%
**David Smithstein (NL), 2%


In 2012, Pelosi said her position on LGBT rights such as same-sex marriage grows from and reflects her [[Catholic Church in the United States|Catholic]] faith; it also places her at odds with [[Catholic theology|Catholic doctrine]], which defines marriage as a union between one man and one woman. She said: "My religion compels me—and I love it for it—to be against discrimination of any kind in our country, and I consider [the ban on gay marriage] a form of discrimination. I think it's unconstitutional on top of that."<ref>{{Cite news |title=Nancy Pelosi: My Catholic faith 'compels me' to support gay marriage |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]: On Faith |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/under-god/post/nancy-pelosi-my-catholic-faith-compels-me-to-support-gay-marriage/2012/05/11/gIQAApuBIU_blog.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120512161006/http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/under-god/post/nancy-pelosi-my-catholic-faith-compels-me-to-support-gay-marriage/2012/05/11/gIQAApuBIU_blog.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 12, 2012 |date=May 11, 2012}}</ref>
*'''1996 Race for U.S. House of Representatives - California 8th District'''
**Nancy Pelosi (D) (inc.), 84%
**[[Justin Raimondo]] (R), 12%
**David Smithstein ([[Natural Law Party|NL]]), 3%


Pelosi supports the [[Equality Act (United States)|Equality Act]], a bill that would expand the federal [[Civil Rights Act of 1964]] to ban [[discrimination]] based on [[sexual orientation]] and [[gender identity]]. In 2019, she spoke in Congress in favor of the bill and called for ending discrimination against LGBT people. Pelosi also opposed Trump's [[Directive-type Memorandum-19-004|transgender military ban]].<ref>{{cite news |title=House Debate on the Equality Act |url=https://www.c-span.org/video/?460685-3/house-debate-equality-act |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] |date=May 17, 2019 |access-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-date=August 4, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190804153435/https://www.c-span.org/video/?460685-3%2Fhouse-debate-equality-act |url-status=live }}</ref>
*'''1994 Race for U.S. House of Representatives - California 8th District'''
**Nancy Pelosi (D) (inc.), 82%
**Elsa C. Cheung (R), 18%


====Marijuana====
*'''1992 Race for U.S. House of Representatives - California 8th District'''
Pelosi supports [[Legality of cannabis in the United States|reform in marijuana laws]], although [[NORML]]'s deputy director Paul Armentano said she and other members of Congress had not done anything to change the laws.<ref>{{ cite web |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090201061750/http://stash.norml.org/speaker-pelosi-weve-been-in-touch-about-marijuana-will-you-do-something-now/ |archive-date=February 1, 2009 |url-status=dead |url=http://stash.norml.org/speaker-pelosi-weve-been-in-touch-about-marijuana-will-you-do-something-now/ |title=Speaker Pelosi, we've been "in touch" about marijuana will you do something now |work=The NormlStash Blog |access-date=February 3, 2010}}</ref> She also supports use of [[medical marijuana]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://current.com/items/89247753/pelosi_talks_medical_marijuana.htm |title=Pelosi talks medical marijuana |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090201073341/http://current.com/items/89247753/pelosi_talks_medical_marijuana.htm |archive-date=February 1, 2009 |date=February 1, 2009 |access-date=February 3, 2010}}</ref>
**Nancy Pelosi (D) (inc.), 82%
**Marc Wolin (R), 11%
**James R. Elwood ([[Libertarian Party (United States)|L]]), 3%
**Cesar G. Cadabes, ([[Peace and Freedom Party (United States)|PF]]), 3%


====PRISM====
*'''1990 Race for U.S. House of Representatives - California 5th District'''
As of 2014, Pelosi supported the Bush/Obama NSA surveillance program [[PRISM (surveillance program)|PRISM]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.vox.com/2014/6/20/5826482/the-house-just-overwhelmingly-voted-to-rein-in-the-nsa|title=The House just overwhelmingly voted to rein in the NSA|last=Lee|first=Timothy|date=June 20, 2014|access-date=September 18, 2019|archive-date=October 17, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191017210402/https://www.vox.com/2014/6/20/5826482/the-house-just-overwhelmingly-voted-to-rein-in-the-nsa|url-status=live}}</ref>
**Nancy Pelosi (D) (inc.), 77%
**Alan Nichols (R), 23%


==== Removal from the Capitol of art depicting Confederates ====
*'''1988 Race for U.S. House of Representatives - California 5th District'''
[[File:Removal of Howell Cobb portrait.jpg|thumb|Capitol workers remove the portrait of former House Speaker [[Howell Cobb]] of Georgia from a wall in the Speakers Lobby of the U.S. Capitol.]]
**Nancy Pelosi (D), 76%
**Bruce Michael O'Neill (R), 19%
**Sam Grove ([[Libertarian Party (United States)|L]]), 2%
**Theodore "Ted" Zuur ([[Peace and Freedom Party (United States)|PF]]), 2%


Pelosi repeatedly criticized the fact that the [[United States Capitol]] exhibited artworks depicting people who in various capacities supported the [[Confederacy (American Civil War)|Confederacy]] in the [[American Civil War]].<ref name=":1"/><ref name=Bookerbill>{{cite news |url=https://www.cnn.com/2017/08/17/politics/confederate-statues-capitol-hill/index.html |title=There are Confederate statues on Capitol Hill. Cory Booker has a bill that removes them. |first=Eugene |last=Scott |publisher=[[CNN]] |date=August 17, 2017 |access-date=April 6, 2018 |archive-date=May 10, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190510082158/https://www.cnn.com/2017/08/17/politics/confederate-statues-capitol-hill/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="The Hill on Speaker's removal of paintings"/> In 2017, this included at least 10 statues in the [[National Statuary Hall Collection]], either in the [[National Statuary Hall]] itself or some less prominent Capitol rooms.<ref name=Bookerbill/> Almost all the statues in that collection were selected and donated by the states (two from each state) and could only be exchanged for others by an ordered process involving the consent of the states' legislatures and governors, but the speaker of the House directly could influence their precise placement.
{{Wikiquote}}


During her first tenure as speaker, Pelosi moved the [[Robert E. Lee (Valentine)|statue of Robert E. Lee]] from the [[National Statuary Hall]] of the U.S. Capitol to the [[United States Capitol crypt|Capitol crypt]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/26/us/politics/search-for-confederate-symbols-finds-them-aplenty-in-washington.html |title=Search for Confederate Symbols Finds Them Aplenty in Washington |last=Steinhauer |first=Jennifer |date=June 25, 2015 |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=August 17, 2017 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=April 12, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190412222443/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/26/us/politics/search-for-confederate-symbols-finds-them-aplenty-in-washington.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In August 2017, she supported an initiative by Senator [[Cory Booker]] to have [[removal of Confederate monuments and memorials|Confederate monuments and memorials removed]] from the Capitol Building by means of legislation.<ref name=Bookerbill/>


In June 2020, following the [[George Floyd protests|nationwide protests]] over the [[murder of George Floyd]], Pelosi pushed for the removal of all statues of Confederates from the Capitol. On June 18, Pelosi also ordered that four paintings of former Confederates in the Capitol Speaker's Gallery be taken down.<ref name="The Hill on Speaker's removal of paintings">{{cite web |last1=Marcos |first1=Christina |title=Pelosi orders removal of Confederate portraits in Capitol |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/503383-pelosi-orders-removal-of-confederate-portraits-in-capitol |website=TheHill.com |date=June 18, 2020 |access-date=June 18, 2020 |archive-date=June 18, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200618201302/https://thehill.com/homenews/house/503383-pelosi-orders-removal-of-confederate-portraits-in-capitol |url-status=live }}</ref> "We didn't know about this until we were taking inventory of the statues and the curator told us that there were four paintings of Speakers in the Capitol of the United States, four Speakers who had served in the Confederacy", Pelosi told reporters.<ref name="The Hill on Speaker's removal of paintings" />


====Waterboarding====
== See also ==


In 2002, while Pelosi was the [[ranking member]] of the [[House Intelligence Committee]], she was briefed on the ongoing use of "[[enhanced interrogation techniques]]", including [[waterboarding]], authorized for a captured terrorist, [[Abu Zubaydah]].<ref name="Torture Battle">{{cite news |url=https://blog.sfgate.com/politics/2009/04/23/torture-battle-escalating-pelosi-vs-boehner/ |title=Torture battle escalating, Pelosi vs. Boehner |work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]]|date=April 23, 2009 |access-date=January 10, 2020 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194835/https://blog.sfgate.com/politics/2009/04/23/torture-battle-escalating-pelosi-vs-boehner/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="post tude">{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/12/08/AR2007120801664_pf.html |title=Hill Briefed on Waterboarding in 2002 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=December 9, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Kane |first=Paul |url=https://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Pelosi-briefed-in-2002-on-interrogation-tactics-3162091.php |title=Pelosi briefed in 2002 on interrogation tactics |work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]] |date=May 8, 2009 |access-date=January 19, 2019 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194752/https://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Pelosi-briefed-in-2002-on-interrogation-tactics-3162091.php |url-status=live }}</ref> After the briefing, Pelosi said she "was assured by lawyers with the CIA and the Department of Justice that the methods were legal".<ref>{{cite news |title=Pelosi: I Was Told Interrogation Methods Were Lawful |publisher=[[Fox News]] |date=May 8, 2009 |url=https://www.foxnews.com/politics/pelosi-i-was-told-interrogation-methods-were-lawful |access-date=June 7, 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141112090020/http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2009/05/08/pelosi-told-interrogation-methods-lawful/ |archive-date=November 12, 2014 |quote=House Speaker Nancy Pelosi insisted Friday that she was briefed only once about the "enhanced" interrogation techniques being used on terrorism suspects and that she was assured by lawyers with the CIA and the Department of Justice that the methods were legal.}}</ref> Two unnamed former [[Presidency of George W. Bush|Bush administration]] officials say the briefing was detailed and graphic, and at the time she did not raise substantial objections.<ref name="waterboarding">{{cite news |first1=Joby |last1=Warrick |last2=Eggen |first2=Dan |title=Hill Briefed on Waterboarding in 2002 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|date=December 9, 2007 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/12/08/AR2007120801664_pf.html |access-date=December 10, 2007 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194843/https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/12/08/AR2007120801664_pf.html |url-status=live }}</ref> One unnamed U.S. official present during the early briefings said, "In fairness, the environment was different then because we were closer to [[September 11 attacks|September 11]] and people were still in a panic. But there was no objecting, no hand-wringing. The attitude was, 'We don't care what you do to those guys as long as you get the information you need to protect the American people.{{'"}}<ref>{{cite news |last1=Warrick |first1=Joby |last2=Eggen |first2=Dan |title=Hill Briefed on Waterboarding in 2002 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/12/08/AR2007120801664.html |access-date=October 6, 2013 |date=December 9, 2007 |quote='In fairness, the environment was different then because we were closer to Sept. 11 and people were still in a panic,' said one U.S. official present during the early briefings. 'But there was no objecting, no hand-wringing. The attitude was, "We don't care what you do to those guys as long as you get the information you need to protect the American people.{{"'}} |archive-date=March 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180307204821/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/12/08/AR2007120801664.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
*[[United States House elections, 2006]]


These techniques later became controversial, and in 2007 Pelosi's office said she had protested their use at the time, and she concurred with objections raised by Democratic colleague [[Jane Harman]] in a letter to the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] in early 2003.<ref name="NYT Hero">{{cite news |first=Mark |last=Mazzetti |author-link=Mark Mazzetti |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/10/washington/10intel.html |title=C.I.A. Official in Inquiry Called a 'Hero' |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=December 10, 2007 |access-date=January 19, 2019 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194739/https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/10/washington/10intel.html |url-status=live}}</ref> Subsequently, several leading Democratic lawmakers in the House signed a letter on June 26, 2009, alleging [[Director of the Central Intelligence Agency|CIA Director]] [[Leon Panetta]] had asserted that the CIA misled Congress for a "number of years" spanning back to 2001, casting clouds on the controversy.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://online.wsj.com/public/resources/documents/CIAPanetta070809.pdf |title=Open Letter from the Congress of the United States |date=June 26, 2009 |access-date=July 17, 2009 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194624/https://online.wsj.com/public/resources/documents/CIAPanetta070809.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> The letter, lawmakers and the CIA all providing no details, and the circumstances surrounding the allegations, make it hard to assess the claims and counterclaims of both sides.<ref name="Democratic Letter">{{cite news |first=Siobhan |last=Gorman |title=Democrats Say Panetta Admits CIA Misled Them |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |date=July 8, 2009 |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB124709503805414883 |access-date=July 8, 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090710022700/http://online.wsj.com/article/SB124709503805414883.html |archive-date=July 10, 2009 }}</ref>
== References ==
<div class="references-small"><references /></div>


Officials in Congress say her ability to challenge the practices may have been hampered by strict rules of secrecy that prohibited her from taking notes or consulting legal experts or members of her own staffs.<ref>{{cite news |first=Glenn |last=Thrush |title=Pelosi briefed on waterboarding in '02 |url=http://www.politico.com/blogs/glennthrush/0409/Pelosi_briefed_on_waterboarding_in_02_.html |website=[[Politico]]|date=April 23, 2009 |access-date=April 23, 2009 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194755/https://www.politico.com/blogs/on-congress/2009/04/pelosi-briefed-on-waterboarding-in-02-updated-017771 |url-status=live }}</ref> In an April 2009 press conference, Pelosi said: "In that or any other briefing{{spaces}}... we were not, and I repeat, were not told that waterboarding or any of these other enhanced interrogation techniques were used. What they did tell us is that they had some legislative counsel—the [[Office of Legal Council|Office of Legislative Counsel]] opinions that they could be used, but not that they would. And they further [...] the point was that if and when they would be used, they would brief Congress at that time."<ref name="Torture Battle" /><ref>{{cite news |first=Glenn |last=Thrush |title=Pelosi: I didn't know about use of waterboarding |date=April 23, 2009 |url=http://www.politico.com/blogs/glennthrush/0409/Pelosi_I_didnt_know_about_waterboarding.html |website=[[Politico]]|access-date=April 23, 2009 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194757/https://www.politico.com/blogs/on-congress/2009/04/pelosi-i-didnt-know-about-use-of-waterboarding-017768 |url-status=live }}</ref>
==External links ==
{{commons}}
* [http://www.house.gov/pelosi Pelosi's House web page]
* [http://www.democraticleader.house.gov Democratic Leader page]
* {{CongBio2|P000197}}
* [http://www.vote-smart.org/voting_category.php?can_id=H0222103 Voting Record] (from Project Vote Smart)
* [http://www.beyondchron.org/news/index.php?itemid=3065 Is Pelosi Wrong Leader for Dems?] (from beyondchron.org)
* [http://usliberals.about.com/od/liberalpersonalprofiles/p/RepPelosi.htm Profile] (from About.com)
* [http://sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2006/04/03/MNGN8I2DKT1.DTL Pelosi mines 'California gold' for Dems nationwide: Personal skills, wide network of wealthy donors help party's House leader gather millions] (from sfgate.com)
* [http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/15268408/site/newsweek/ Rolling With Pelosi] (from Newsweek)
* [http://www.youtube.com/profile?user=NancyPelosi YouTube - NancyPelosi Channel]
* [http://www.issues2000.org/CA/Nancy_Pelosi.htm Nancy Pelosi On The Issues]
*''[http://www.trinitydc.edu/news_events/2006/1007_pelosi.php Trinity Graduates Win Re-election: House Democratic Leader Nancy Pelosi '62 Poised to Become Speaker, Kansas Governor Kathleen Sebelius '70 Wins Second Term]'' — [[Trinity Washington University]]


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[[File:Tax March SF (34074753495).jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Pelosi at the [[Tax March]] in San Francisco, April 2017]]
<!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]] -->

{{Persondata
Pelosi voted against the [[Balanced Budget Amendment|1995 Balanced Budget Proposed Constitutional Amendment]], which passed the House by a 300–132 vote, but fell two votes short of the 2/3 supermajority required in the Senate (with 65 senators voting in favor).<ref name="VoteSma4">{{cite web |title=Balanced Budget Proposed Constitutional Amendment |work=Key Vote |publisher=[[Project Vote Smart]] |year=2006 |url=http://www.vote-smart.org/issue_keyvote_detail.php?vote_id=18&can_id=H0222103 |access-date=November 12, 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061025085436/http://www.vote-smart.org/issue_keyvote_detail.php?vote_id=18&can_id=H0222103 |archive-date=October 25, 2006 }}</ref>
|NAME=Pelosi, Nancy

|ALTERNATIVE NAMES=Nancy Patricia D'Alesandro Pelosi; Nancy D'Alesandro
As Speaker of the House, she spearheaded the [[Fair Minimum Wage Act of 2007]] as part of the [[100-Hour Plan]]. The act raises the [[minimum wage]] in the United States and the territories of the [[Northern Marianas Islands]] and [[American Samoa]]. American Samoa was initially absent from the act, but it was included as part of [[HR 2206]]. One Republican congressman who voted against the initial bill accused Pelosi of unethically benefiting [[Del Monte Foods]] (headquartered in her district) by excluding the territory, where Del Monte's [[StarKist Tuna]] brand is a major employer.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.bizjournals.com/phoenix/stories/2007/01/08/daily55.html |title=Shadegg Finds House Wage Hike A Bit Fishy |work=BizJournals.com |date=January 8, 2007 |access-date=January 14, 2007}}</ref> Pelosi co-sponsored legislation that omitted American Samoa from a raise in the minimum wage as early as 1999, before Del Monte's acquisition of StarKist Tuna in 2002.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d106:HR00325: |title=Fair Minimum Wage Act of 1999 |publisher=Library of Congress |access-date=February 7, 2007 |archive-date=September 2, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130902065643/http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d106:HR00325: |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|SHORT DESCRIPTION=[[Minority Leader of the United States House of Representatives|House Minority Leader]]

|DATE OF BIRTH=[[March 26]], [[1940]]
Pelosi opposed the [[welfare reform]] President Bush proposed as well as reforms proposed and passed under President Clinton.<ref name="opinionjournal.com" /> She also opposed the [[Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017|tax reform]] signed by Trump in December 2017, calling it "probably one of the worst bills in the history of the United States of America{{spaces}}... It robs from the future [and] it rewards the rich{{spaces}}... and corporations at the expense of tens of millions of working middle-class families in our country."<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/363238-pelosi-denounces-gop-tax-reform-as-armageddon/ |title=Pelosi denounces GOP tax reform as 'armageddon' |last=Lejeune |first=Tristan |date=December 4, 2017 |work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] |access-date=November 3, 2018 |archive-date=December 1, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191201181755/https://thehill.com/homenews/house/363238-pelosi-denounces-gop-tax-reform-as-armageddon |url-status=live }}</ref> She said "this is Armageddon" and argued that the tax bill increased the debt in a way that would adversely impact social insurance spending.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/powerpost/wp/2018/01/29/to-sell-tax-cuts-during-state-of-the-union-gop-group-attacks-pelosi/ |title=To sell tax cuts during State of the Union, GOP group attacks Pelosi |date=January 29, 2018 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=November 3, 2018 |archive-date=April 16, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190416063152/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/powerpost/wp/2018/01/29/to-sell-tax-cuts-during-state-of-the-union-gop-group-attacks-pelosi/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In January 2018, shortly after the tax bill passed, a reporter asked Pelosi to respond to statements by companies crediting the tax cuts with allowing them to raise wages and give bonuses. She said that, given the benefits corporations received from the tax bill, the benefits workers got were "crumbs".<ref name="WaPo January 3, 2018">{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/powerpost/wp/2018/03/01/nearly-half-of-americans-agree-with-nancy-pelosis-crumbs-comment-according-to-a-poll-by-a-pro-trump-group/ |title=Nearly half of Americans agree with Nancy Pelosi's 'crumbs' comment, according to a poll by a pro-Trump group |last=O'Keefe |first=Ed |date=March 1, 2018 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=November 3, 2018 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194802/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/powerpost/wp/2018/03/01/nearly-half-of-americans-agree-with-nancy-pelosis-crumbs-comment-according-to-a-poll-by-a-pro-trump-group/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.factcheck.org/2018/02/pelosis-crumbs-comment-context/ |title=Pelosi's 'Crumbs' Comment in Context |date=February 2, 2018 |work=FactCheck.org |access-date=November 3, 2018 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194707/https://www.factcheck.org/2018/02/pelosis-crumbs-comment-context/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Most companies that awarded bonuses gave out payments of hundreds of dollars, while some gave bonuses significantly over $1,000.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2018/jan/30/donald-trump/trump-says-tax-bill-led-bonuses-three-million-work/ |title=Donald Trump says tax bill led to bonuses for three million workers |last=Sherman |first=Amy |date=January 30, 2018 |publisher=[[PolitiFact]]|access-date=November 3, 2018 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194757/https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2018/jan/30/donald-trump/trump-says-tax-bill-led-bonuses-three-million-work/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|PLACE OF BIRTH=[[Baltimore, Maryland]]

|DATE OF DEATH=
====Infrastructure====
|PLACE OF DEATH=

In November 2018, Pelosi said she had spoken with Trump about infrastructure development. Though he "really didn't come through with it in his first two years in office" while it was a topic during his campaign, the subject had not been a partisan matter in Congress. She mentioned potential bipartisan legislative initiatives that would "create good paying jobs and will also generate other economic growth in their regions".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/415561-nancy-pelosi-touts-bipartisan-potential-of-infrastructure/ |title=Pelosi touts bipartisan potential of infrastructure |date=November 7, 2018 |first=Chris Mills |last=Rodrigo |newspaper=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]|access-date=November 11, 2018 |archive-date=December 12, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212150329/https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/415561-nancy-pelosi-touts-bipartisan-potential-of-infrastructure |url-status=live }}</ref> On May 1, 2019, Pelosi and Schumer met with Trump about infrastructure funding.<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Nguyen |first1=Tina |title=HAIL SATAN: IT LOOKS LIKE INFRASTRUCTURE WEEK IS COMING EARLY THIS YEAR |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2019/05/donald-trump-democrats-2-trillion-dollar-infrastructure-deal |access-date=May 25, 2019 |magazine=[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]] |date=May 1, 2019 |archive-date=September 15, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200915122946/https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2019/05/donald-trump-democrats-2-trillion-dollar-infrastructure-deal |url-status=live }}</ref> In late May, a meeting to discuss an impending $2{{spaces}}trillion infrastructure plan was cut short when Trump abruptly left after only a few minutes.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Holland |first1=Steve |last2=Mason |first2=Jeff |last3=Cowan |first3=Richard |title=Trump torpedoes meeting with Democrats, blasts Pelosi's 'cover-up' accusation |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-congress/trump-cuts-short-infrastructure-meeting-blasts-pelosis-cover-up-accusation-idUSKCN1SS1R7 |access-date=May 25, 2019 |publisher=[[Reuters]]|date=May 22, 2019 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194822/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-congress/trump-cuts-short-infrastructure-meeting-blasts-pelosis-cover-up-accusation-idUSKCN1SS1R7 |url-status=live }}</ref>

====Disaster relief====

In August 2018, after Trump signed an emergency declaration for federal aid in combating the [[Carr Fire]] in [[Northern California]], Pelosi called the move "an important first step" but requested that Trump accede to California Governor [[Jerry Brown]]'s request for further aid to other hard-hit areas in California. She called on the Trump administration to take "real, urgent action to combat the threat of the [[climate crisis]], which is making the wildfire season longer, more expensive and more destructive".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/400749-pelosi-urges-trump-to-expand-disaster-relief-for-california-wildfires/ |title=Pelosi urges Trump to expand disaster relief for California wildfires |first=Mike |last=Lillis |date=August 7, 2018 |newspaper=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]|access-date=November 11, 2018 |archive-date=August 8, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808224401/https://thehill.com/homenews/house/400749-pelosi-urges-trump-to-expand-disaster-relief-for-california-wildfires |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Education===

In 1999, Pelosi voted against displaying the [[Ten Commandments]] in public buildings, including schools.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/06/19/us/guns-and-schools-democrats-the-votes-for-gun-control.html |title=The Votes for Gun Control |date=June 19, 1999 |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=February 17, 2017 |archive-date=December 2, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181202155304/https://www.nytimes.com/1999/06/19/us/guns-and-schools-democrats-the-votes-for-gun-control.html |url-status=live }}</ref> She voted for the [[No Child Left Behind Act]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/107-2001/h497|title=H.R. 1 (107th): No Child Left Behind Act of 2001—House Vote #497 – Dec 13, 2001|website=GovTrack.us|access-date=May 13, 2019|archive-date=August 15, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190815165318/https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/107-2001/h497|url-status=live}}</ref> which instituted testing to track students' progress and authorized an increase in overall education spending.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/schools/nochild/nclb.html|title=No Child Left Behind—The New Rules {{!}} Testing Our Schools |work=Frontline |publisher=PBS |access-date=May 13, 2019|archive-date=October 4, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191004025841/https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/schools/nochild/nclb.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="VoteSma7">{{cite news |title=Education |work=Key Vote |publisher=[[Project Vote Smart]] |year=2006 |url=http://www.vote-smart.org/voting_category.php?can_id=H0222103&type=category&category=Education&go.x=10&go.y=8 |access-date=November 12, 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061204200448/http://www.vote-smart.org/voting_category.php?can_id=H0222103&type=category&category=Education&go.x=10&go.y=8 |archive-date=December 4, 2006 }}</ref>

===Environment===

[[File:Nancy Pelosi speaks at COP25.jpg|thumb|Nancy Pelosi at [[2019 United Nations Climate Change Conference]] (COP25)]]

In 2019, Pelosi said climate change was "the existential threat of our time" and called for action to curb it.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://politi.co/2BWFmd1|title='The existential threat of our time': Pelosi elevates climate change on Day One|last1=Adragna|first1=Anthony|last2=Colman|first2=Zack|website=[[Politico]]|access-date=January 4, 2019|archive-date=September 15, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200915122947/https://www.politico.com/story/2019/01/03/nancy-pelosi-climate-change-congress-1059148|url-status=live}}</ref> She has supported the development of new technologies to reduce U.S. dependence on foreign oil and remediate the adverse environmental effects of burning fossil fuels.<ref name="VoteSma8">{{cite web |title=Energy Issues |work=Key Vote |publisher=[[Project Vote Smart]] |year=2006 |url=http://www.vote-smart.org/voting_category.php?can_id=H0222103&type=category&category=Energy%2BIssues&go.x=10&go.y=12 |access-date=November 12, 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061204200531/http://www.vote-smart.org/voting_category.php?can_id=H0222103&type=category&category=Energy+Issues&go.x=10&go.y=12 |archive-date=December 4, 2006 }}</ref> Pelosi has widely supported conservation programs and energy research appropriations. She has also voted to remove an amendment that would allow for oil and gas exploration in the [[Arctic National Wildlife Refuge]].<ref name="VoteSma9">{{cite web |title=Arctic National Wildlife Refuge Drilling Amendment |work=Key Vote |publisher=[[Project Vote Smart]] |year=2006 |url=http://www.vote-smart.org/issue_keyvote_detail.php?vote_id=3506&can_id=H0222103 |access-date=November 12, 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061025083846/http://www.vote-smart.org/issue_keyvote_detail.php?vote_id=3506&can_id=H0222103 |archive-date=October 25, 2006 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://pelosi.house.gov/news/press-releases/pelosi-drilling-in-arctic-refuge-is-not-the-way-to-energy-independence |title="Pelosi: Drilling in Arctic Refuge Is Not the Way to Energy Independence", Congresswoman Nancy Polosi, pelosi.house.gov, May 25, 2006. Retrieved May 15, 2019. |date=May 25, 2006 |access-date=May 16, 2019 |archive-date=January 3, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200103123846/https://pelosi.house.gov/news/press-releases/pelosi-drilling-in-arctic-refuge-is-not-the-way-to-energy-independence |url-status=live }}</ref>

Pelosi has blocked efforts to revive offshore oil drilling in protected areas, reasoning that [[offshore drilling]] could lead to an increase in dependence on fossil fuels.<ref>{{citation |url=https://www.sfgate.com/green/article/Pelosi-blocks-offshore-drilling-vote-GOP-wants-3275221.php |title=Pelosi blocks offshore drilling vote GOP wants |work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]] |date=August 1, 2008 |access-date=January 19, 2019 |archive-date=April 23, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190423095510/https://www.sfgate.com/green/article/Pelosi-blocks-offshore-drilling-vote-GOP-wants-3275221.php |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Health care===
====Affordable Care Act====

Pelosi was instrumental in passing the [[Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act]] of 2010.<ref>{{cite news |author=[[Molly Ball]] |url=https://time.com/5832330/nancy-pelosi-obamacare |title=How Nancy Pelosi saved the Affordable Care Act |newspaper=[[Time Magazine]] |date=May 2020}}</ref> She was a key figure in convincing Obama to continue pushing for health-care reform after the election of [[Massachusetts]] [[United States Senate|Senator]] [[Scott Brown (politician)|Scott Brown]] in a January [[special election]]—a defeat seen as potentially fatal to Democratic reform efforts.<ref name="healthcarereform">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/21/health/policy/21reconstruct.html |title=Health Vote Caps a Journey Back From the Brink |author=Sheryl Gay Strolberg, Jeff Zenley and [[Carl Hulse]] |date=March 20, 2010 |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=February 17, 2017 |archive-date=September 26, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190926074207/https://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/21/health/policy/21reconstruct.html |url-status=live }}</ref> After delivering 219 votes in the House for Obama's health-care package, Pelosi was both praised and heckled as she made her way to Capitol Hill.<ref>{{cite news |title=Nancy Pelosi Heckled—Sarah Palin Promises November Vote |work=National Ledger |date=March 22, 2010
|url=http://www.nationalledger.com/ledgerdc/article_272630958.shtml |access-date=March 24, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100325174956/http://www.nationalledger.com/ledgerdc/article_272630958.shtml |archive-date=March 25, 2010 }}</ref><ref name ="nytimesmagazinehealthcare">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/19/magazine/nancy-pelosi-house-democrats.html |quote = Pelosi [had to manage] intransigent House Republicans, reluctant Blue Dogs, liberals demanding nothing less than a single-payer system, skittish White House advisers and Senate Democrats willing to waste months in quixotic pursuit of bipartisan cover. ... [She had to persuade progressives] that the 'public option' hybrid of single-payer and privately managed health care plans was now dead on arrival in the Senate. Then she persuaded Representative Bart Stupak of Michigan, an anti-abortion Democrat, to drop his demand that the health care bill prohibit federal funds being used on abortion. When a host of other backstage deals with Blue Dogs—like reckoning with disparities among states in Medicare reimbursements—failed, Pelosi managed the fallout. Obamacare passed in the House by three votes. 'I'd remind people: We would not have health care today were it not for Nancy Pelosi,' [Former Wisconsin Congressman David] Obey said. 'There were all kinds of people, both in our caucus and in the White House, who were willing to settle for one-tenth of a loaf. And she said, "To hell with that. We were sent here to do more.{{"'}}|title = Nancy Pelosi's Last Battle |first1 = Robert|last1 = Draper |date = November 19, 2018 |newspaper = The New York Times Magazine |access-date = August 18, 2022 }}</ref>

Pelosi has voted to increase [[Medicare (United States)|Medicare]] and [[Medicaid]] benefits.<ref name="VoteSma14">{{cite web |title=Health Issues |work=Key Vote |publisher=[[Project Vote Smart]] |year=2006 |url=http://www.vote-smart.org/voting_category.php?can_id=H0222103&type=category&category=Health%2BIssues&go.x=10&go.y=5 |access-date=November 12, 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061204200526/http://www.vote-smart.org/voting_category.php?can_id=H0222103&type=category&category=Health+Issues&go.x=10&go.y=5 |archive-date=December 4, 2006 }}</ref> She does not endorse Senator [[Bernie Sanders]]'s bill for [[single-payer healthcare]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Mascaro |first1=Lisa |title=Pelosi declines to endorse Sen. Bernie Sanders' single-payer healthcare bill |url=https://latimes.com/politics/washington/la-na-essential-washington-updates-pelosi-declines-to-endorse-bernie-1505230000-htmlstory.html |website=[[Los Angeles Times]] |access-date=March 23, 2018 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194743/https://www.latimes.com/politics/washington/la-na-essential-washington-updates-201709-htmlstory.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Min Kim |first1=Seung |title=Pelosi not endorsing Sanders' single-payer bill |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2017/09/12/bernie-sanders-single-payer-no-support-pelosi-242597 |website=[[Politico]] |access-date=September 12, 2017 |archive-date=November 15, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191115185202/https://www.politico.com/story/2017/09/12/bernie-sanders-single-payer-no-support-pelosi-242597 |url-status=live }}</ref>

On March 10, 2017, Pelosi said Democrats would continue battling Republican efforts to repeal the Affordable Care Act, but would also be willing to form a compromise measure if Republicans reached out for support. She indicated her support for the Republican plan to expand Health Savings Accounts and said the question of Republicans' accepting an expansion of Medicaid was important.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/onpolitics/2017/03/10/pelosi-says-democrats-willing-to-deal-on-health-care/99001568/|title=Pelosi says Democrats willing to deal on health-care fixes if GOP reaches out|date=March 10, 2017|newspaper=[[USA Today]]|access-date=August 22, 2018|archive-date=November 15, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191115170157/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/onpolitics/2017/03/10/pelosi-says-democrats-willing-to-deal-on-health-care/99001568/|url-status=live}}</ref> In September, Pelosi sent a letter to Democrats praising Senator [[John McCain]] for announcing his opposition to the latest Republican effort to repeal and replace the Affordable Care Act and called on lawmakers and advocacy groups alike to pressure Republicans in the health-care discussion. She said Democrats would be unified in putting "a stake in the heart of this monstrous bill".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://thehill.com/policy/healthcare/351951-pelosi-touts-good-news-of-mccains-opposition-to-repeal/ |title=Pelosi: Democrats will 'put a stake in the heart' of ObamaCare repeal after McCain opposition |date=September 22, 2017 |newspaper=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] |access-date=August 22, 2018 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194715/https://thehill.com/policy/healthcare/351951-pelosi-touts-good-news-of-mccains-opposition-to-repeal |url-status=live }}</ref>

In July 2018, during a speech at Independence First, Pelosi said Democrats' goal "has always been to expand coverage and to do so in a way that improves benefits{{spaces}}... and we have to address the affordability issue that is so undermined by the Republicans."<ref>{{cite news |last=Barrett |first=Rick |title=Nancy Pelosi pushes for national health care plan during Milwaukee visit |website=jsonline.com |url=https://www.jsonline.com/story/news/2018/07/21/nancy-pelosi-pushes-national-health-care-plan-during-milwaukee-visit/812013002/ |date=July 21, 2018 |access-date=August 22, 2018 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194751/https://www.jsonline.com/story/news/2018/07/21/nancy-pelosi-pushes-national-health-care-plan-during-milwaukee-visit/812013002/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In November 2018, after Democrats gained a majority in the House in the midterm elections, she said, "I'm staying as Speaker to protect the Affordable Care Act. That's my main issue, because I think that's, again, about the health and financial health of the America's families, and if Hillary had won, I could go home." She added that Republicans had misrepresented their earlier position of opposition to covering people with preexisting conditions during the election cycle and called on them to join Democrats in "removing all doubt that the preexisting medical condition is the law—the benefit—is the law of the land".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/416134-pelosi-staying-as-speaker-to-protect-the-affordable-care-act/ |title=Pelosi says she'll be Speaker 'to protect the Affordable Care Act' |first=Michael |last=Burke |date=November 11, 2018 |newspaper=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]}}</ref>

====Abortion====

Pelosi voted against the [[Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act]] of 2003 and earlier attempts at similar bans, and voted against the criminalization of certain situations where a minor is transported across state lines for an abortion (HR 748, passed).<ref name="Project Vote Smart Abortion">{{cite web |title=Representative Pelosi on Abortion Issues |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080103212927/http://www.vote-smart.org/voting_category.php?can_id=H0222103 |archive-date=January 3, 2008 |url=http://www.vote-smart.org/voting_category.php?can_id=H0222103 |url-status=dead |date=January 3, 2008 |access-date=February 3, 2010}}</ref>

She has voted in favor of lifting the ban on privately funded abortions at overseas U.S. military facilities (HA 209, rejected); in favor of an amendment that would repeal a provision forbidding servicewomen and dependents from getting an abortion in overseas military hospitals (HA 722, rejected); and in favor of stripping the prohibition of funding for organizations working overseas that use their own funds to provide abortion services, or engage in advocacy related to abortion services (HA 997, rejected). She also voted in favor of the 1998 Abortion Funding Amendment, which would have allowed the use of district funds to promote abortion-related activities, but would have prohibited the use of federal funds.<ref name="Project Vote Smart Abortion" />

In 2008, she was rebuked by Archbishop [[Donald Wuerl]] of [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Washington|Washington, D.C.]], for being "incorrect" in comments she made to [[Tom Brokaw]] on ''[[Meet the Press]]'' concerning [[Catholic theology|Church teaching]] on the subjects of abortion of when a human life begins. The archbishop's statement quoted Pelosi as saying the church has not been able to define when life begins. During the interview she said, "over the history of the church, this [what constitutes the moment of conception] is an issue of controversy."<ref>{{cite web |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090401080335/http://thehill.com/leading-the-news/archbishop-pelosis-comments-on-abortion-are-false-2008-08-25.html |archive-date=April 1, 2009 |url=http://thehill.com/leading-the-news/archbishop-pelosis-comments-on-abortion-are-false-2008-08-25.html |title=Archbishop: Pelosi comments on abortion are false |work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] |date=August 25, 2008|access-date=May 24, 2019}}</ref> In February 2009, Pelosi met with her [[Bishop (Catholic Church)|bishop]], Archbishop [[George Hugh Niederauer]] of [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of San Francisco|San Francisco]], and with [[Pope Benedict XVI]] regarding the controversy.

Pelosi opposed the 2022 [[Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization|overturning of ''Roe v. Wade'']], calling it "cruel", "outrageous" and "heart-wrenching".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Pelosi |first1=Nancy |title=Pelosi Statement on Supreme Court Overturning Roe v. Wade |url=https://www.speaker.gov/newsroom/62422-1 |website=Speaker Nancy Pelosi |access-date=June 26, 2022|date=June 24, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220624145619/https://www.speaker.gov/newsroom/62422-1 |archive-date=June 24, 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>

====Contraception====

In a January 25, 2009, interview with [[George Stephanopoulos]] for [[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]], Pelosi said that one of the reasons she supported [[family planning]] services was that they would "reduce costs to states and to the federal government."<ref>{{cite news |url=https://abcnews.go.com/print?id=6725512 |title='This Week' Transcript: Nancy Pelosi |publisher=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] |date=January 25, 2009 |access-date=June 28, 2020 |archive-date=October 15, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191015103325/https://abcnews.go.com/print?id=6725512 |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Security===
====Gun laws====

[[File:Nancy Pelosi at 2019 End Gun Violence.jpg|thumb|Nancy Pelosi embracing [[Common (rapper)|Common]] at 2019 End Gun Violence, September 27, 2019]]

Pelosi stands in favor of increased background checks for potential gun owners, as well as the [[Assault weapons legislation in the United States|banning]] of [[assault weapon]]s. In February 2013, she called for the "Boldest possible move" on gun control, similar to a stance made just weeks earlier by former Representative, mass shooting victim, and fellow gun control advocate [[Gabby Giffords]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Memoli |first=Michael A. |title=Pelosi calls for 'boldest possible' gun legislation |url=https://latimes.com/news/politics/la-pn-pelosi-boldest-possible-gun-legislation-20130207,0,6085487.story |newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=February 7, 2013 |access-date=February 12, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130208024716/https://latimes.com/news/politics/la-pn-pelosi-boldest-possible-gun-legislation-20130207,0,6085487.story |archive-date=February 8, 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref> In 2012, she was given a 0% rating by [[Gun Owners of America]] and a 7% rating from the [[National Rifle Association of America]] for her stances on gun control.<ref>{{cite web |title=Nancy Pelosi |url=http://votesmart.org/candidate/26732/nancy-pelosi#.URnJH6WuneI |work=Project Vote Smart |publisher=Vote Smart |access-date=February 12, 2013 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194723/https://justfacts.votesmart.org/candidate/26732/nancy-pelosi#.URnJH6WuneI |url-status=live }}</ref>

In February 2018, following the [[Stoneman Douglas High School shooting]], Pelosi said Republicans' "cowering" to the gun lobby was "an assault on our whole country" and that the victims were "paying the price for our inaction".<ref name="thehill">{{cite news |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/374095-pelosi-gun-victims-paying-the-price-for-our-inaction/ |title=Pelosi: Gun victims 'paying the price for our inaction' |date=February 15, 2018 |newspaper=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]|access-date=November 22, 2018 |archive-date=April 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424191835/https://thehill.com/homenews/house/374095-pelosi-gun-victims-paying-the-price-for-our-inaction |url-status=live }}</ref> She requested House Speaker Ryan and Republicans take action via consideration of legislation expanding background checks or authorizing researchers to use federal dollars to examine public health as it relates to gun violence. Pelosi also advocated for the creation of a special committee on gun violence and said Republicans had previously created committees to investigate [[Planned Parenthood]] and the [[2012 Benghazi attack]].<ref name="thehill" />

In November 2018, after the [[Thousand Oaks shooting]], Pelosi released a statement saying Americans "deserve real action to end the daily epidemic of gun violence that is stealing the lives of our children on campuses, in places of worship and on our streets" and pledged that gun control would be a priority for House Democrats in the 116th United States Congress.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/415847-pelosi-americans-deserve-real-action-on-gun-control-after-california-shooting/ |title=Pelosi: Americans 'deserve real action' on gun control after California shooting |first=John |last=Bowden |newspaper=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] |access-date=November 11, 2018 |archive-date=April 21, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190421214635/https://thehill.com/homenews/house/415847-pelosi-americans-deserve-real-action-on-gun-control-after-california-shooting |url-status=live }}</ref>

====Military draft====

[[File:Bush and Pelosi at Tuskegee Airmen ceremony.jpg|thumb|right|President [[George W. Bush]] and Pelosi honoring 300 [[Tuskegee Airmen]] at the Capitol, March 2007]]

With regard to Representative [[Charles Rangel]]'s (D-NY) plan to introduce legislation that would reinstate the draft, Pelosi said she did not support it.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cnn.com/2006/POLITICS/11/20/rangel.draft/index.html |title=Pelosi says no to draft legislation |work=[[CNN]] Politics |date=November 21, 2006 |access-date=November 21, 2006 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194815/http://www.cnn.com/2006/POLITICS/11/20/rangel.draft/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

====Use of government aircraft====

In March 2009, conservative watchdog group [[Judicial Watch]] had obtained emails sent by Pelosi's staff requesting the [[United States Air Force]] (USAF) to provide specific aircraft—a [[Boeing 757]]—for Pelosi to use for taxpayer-funded travel.<ref>{{cite news |date=March 12, 2009 |last=Farooq |first=Sajid |url=http://www.nbcwashington.com/news/archive/Pelosi-Out-Divas-Britney-Spears.html |title=Nancy Pelosi Doesn't Fly Coach |newspaper=[[WRC-TV]] |access-date=August 5, 2013 |archive-date=December 3, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181203010919/https://www.nbcwashington.com/news/archive/Pelosi-Out-Divas-Britney-Spears.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Pelosi responded that the policy was initiated by President Bush due to post-[[September 11 attacks|9/11]] security concerns (Pelosi was third in line for [[United States presidential line of succession|presidential succession]]), and was initially provided for the previous Speaker [[Dennis Hastert]]. The [[Sergeant at Arms]] requested—for security reasons—that the plane provided be capable of non-stop flight, requiring a larger aircraft. The Pentagon said "no one has rendered judgment" that Pelosi's use of aircraft "is excessive".<ref>{{cite news |date=March 11, 2009 |last=Miklaszewski |first=Jim |author-link=Jim Miklaszewski |url=http://firstread.msnbc.msn.com/archive/2009/03/11/1832174.aspx |title=Pentagon mum on Pelosi flights |work=[[MSNBC]] |access-date=March 11, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090315024222/http://firstread.msnbc.msn.com/archive/2009/03/11/1832174.aspx |archive-date=March 15, 2009 }}</ref>

===First Trump presidency===

[[File:President-elect Donald J. Trump and House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi, January 20, 2017.jpg|thumb|President-elect [[Donald Trump]] with Pelosi in January 2017]]

During [[First presidency of Donald Trump|the first Trump administration]], Pelosi voted in line with the president's stated position 17.6% of the time.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Bycoffe |first1=Aaron |title=Tracking Congress In The Age Of Trump |url=https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/congress-trump-score/nancy-pelosi/ |website=[[FiveThirtyEight]]|access-date=October 29, 2021|date=January 30, 2017}}</ref>

During a news conference on June 9, 2017, after a reporter asked her about [[Donald Trump on social media|tweets by President Donald Trump]] lambasting former FBI director [[James Comey]] following Comey's testimony to the Senate Intelligence Committee, Pelosi said no one at the White House seemed courageous enough to tell Trump his tweets were beneath the dignity of the presidency and that she was worried about his fitness for office.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/onpolitics/2017/06/09/nancy-pelosi-trump-needs-sleep-and-shes-worried-his-fitness/102673648/ |title=Nancy Pelosi: Trump 'needs sleep' and she's 'worried' about his fitness |first=Erin |last=Kelley |newspaper=[[USA Today]] |access-date=August 22, 2018 |archive-date=February 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200222234617/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/onpolitics/2017/06/09/nancy-pelosi-trump-needs-sleep-and-shes-worried-his-fitness/102673648/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In November, when asked about Democrats beginning the impeachment process against Trump in the event they won a majority of seats in the 2018 elections, Pelosi said it would not be one of their legislative priorities but that the option could be considered if credible evidence appeared during the ongoing investigations into Russian interference in the 2016 election.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2017/11/05/pelosi-trump-impeach-house-democrats-244567 |title=Pelosi: Impeaching Trump 'not someplace that I think we should go' |date=November 5, 2017 |work=[[Politico]]|access-date=August 22, 2018 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194755/https://www.politico.com/story/2017/11/05/pelosi-trump-impeach-house-democrats-244567 |url-status=live }}</ref>

In January 2018, Pelosi referred to Trump's [[2018 State of the Union Address]] as a performance without serious policy ideas the parties could collaborate on. She questioned Trump's refusal to implement Russian sanctions [[Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act|after more than 500 members of Congress voted to approve them]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://thehill.com/blogs/blog-briefing-room/371610-pelosi-trumps-performance-was-completely-devoid-of-serious-policy/ |title=Pelosi: Trump's 'performance' devoid of 'serious policy ideas' |date=January 31, 2018 |newspaper=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] |access-date=August 22, 2018 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194736/https://thehill.com/blogs/blog-briefing-room/371610-pelosi-trumps-performance-was-completely-devoid-of-serious-policy |url-status=live }}</ref> In February, after Trump blocked the release of a Democratic memo by the Intelligence Committee, Pelosi said the act was "a stunningly brazen attempt to cover up the truth about the Trump-Russia scandal from the American people" and "part of a dangerous and desperate pattern of cover-up on the part of the president who has shown he had something to hide."<ref>{{cite news |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/373237-pelosi-trump-has-something-to-hide/ |title=Pelosi: Trump 'has something to hide' |date=February 9, 2018 |newspaper=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]|access-date=August 22, 2018 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194755/https://thehill.com/homenews/house/373237-pelosi-trump-has-something-to-hide |url-status=live }}</ref> In March, Pelosi said she was "more concerned about the president's policies which undermine the financial security of America's working families" than the [[Stormy Daniels–Donald Trump scandal]]. Pelosi did note the scandal as having highlighted a double standard of Republicans on issues of family values and expectations of presidential behavior, saying the party would be very involved if the event was happening to a Democrat.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/377441-pelosi-focus-on-trumps-agenda-not-stormy-daniels/ |title=Pelosi: Focus on Trump's agenda, not Stormy Daniels |date=March 8, 2018 |newspaper=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]|access-date=August 22, 2018 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194755/https://thehill.com/homenews/house/377441-pelosi-focus-on-trumps-agenda-not-stormy-daniels |url-status=live }}</ref> In April, following [[Scooter Libby]] being pardoned by Trump, Pelosi released a statement saying the pardon "sends a troubling signal to the president's allies that obstructing justice will be rewarded and that the idea of those who lie under oath being granted a pardon "poses a threat to the integrity of the special counsel investigation, and to our democracy".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://thehill.com/blogs/blog-briefing-room/383056-pelosi-scooter-libby-pardon-shows-that-obstructing-justice-will-be/ |title=Pelosi: Libby pardon shows that 'obstructing justice will be rewarded' by Trump |first=Josh |last=Delk |date=April 13, 2018 |newspaper=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] |access-date=August 22, 2018 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194751/https://thehill.com/blogs/blog-briefing-room/383056-pelosi-scooter-libby-pardon-shows-that-obstructing-justice-will-be |url-status=live }}</ref> On August 15, after Trump revoked the security clearance of former CIA director [[John O. Brennan|John Brennan]], Pelosi said the move was "a stunning abuse of power [and] a pathetic attempt to silence critics", and an attempt by Trump to distract attention from other issues of his administration.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/402025-pelosi-trump-revoking-brennans-security-clearance-is-a-pathetic/ |title=Pelosi: Trump revoking Brennan's clearance a 'pathetic attempt to silence critics' |date=August 15, 2018 |newspaper=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] |access-date=August 22, 2018 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194832/https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/402025-pelosi-trump-revoking-brennans-security-clearance-is-a-pathetic |url-status=live }}</ref> Pelosi and [[Charles E. Schumer]] met with Trump and Pence in December 2018 to discuss changes to be made when the new Democratic representatives takes office in 2019.<ref>{{cite news |title='This has spiraled downward': Democrats introduce Trump to divided government |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/this-has-spiraled-downward-democrats-introduce-trump-to-divided-government/2018/12/11/f832b92e-fd6e-11e8-862a-b6a6f3ce8199_story.html |access-date=December 12, 2018 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |archive-date=April 9, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200409111536/https://www.washingtonpost.com//politics/this-has-spiraled-downward-democrats-introduce-trump-to-divided-government/2018/12/11/f832b92e-fd6e-11e8-862a-b6a6f3ce8199_story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In January 2019 she supported President Trump in his decision to back the leader of the opposition [[Juan Guaidó]] during [[Venezuelan protests (2014–present)|Venezuelan protests and constitutional crisis]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/world/venezuelan-crisis-deepens-as-trump-backs-opposition-1.3768434|title=Venezuelan crisis deepens as Trump backs opposition|first=Suzanne|last=Lynch|newspaper=The Irish Times|access-date=November 18, 2019|archive-date=October 20, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191020223242/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/world/venezuelan-crisis-deepens-as-trump-backs-opposition-1.3768434|url-status=live}}</ref>
[[File:Pelosi and US Reps at a Venezuela meeting.jpg|thumb|Pelosi and Rep. [[Debbie Wasserman Schultz]] have supported Venezuelan opposition leader [[Juan Guaidó]].]]

====Trump–Ukraine scandal and impeachment====

The Democrats gained control of the House of Representatives in the November 2018 elections, and Pelosi took office as Speaker. Multiple House committees launched investigations into various actions by Trump and some of his cabinet members and requested or subpoenaed documents and information from the White House and the administration.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/04/us/politics/trump-obstruction.html|title=With Sweeping Document Request, Democrats Launch Broad Trump Corruption Inquiry|last=Fandos|first=Nicholas|date=March 4, 2019|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=June 7, 2019|archive-date=September 4, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190904112517/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/04/us/politics/trump-obstruction.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In April 2019, Trump vowed to defy "all" subpoenas from the House and to refuse to allow current or former administration officials to testify before House committees.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/news/nation/2019/04/24/trump-forms-battle-plan-for-post-mueller-probes-just-say/LK2MeB7XKCKhYYQdQGBt0J/story.html|title=Trump vows stonewall of 'all' House subpoenas, setting up fight over powers|last=Savage|first=Charles|date=April 24, 2019|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=June 7, 2019|archive-date=April 23, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200423143237/https://www.bostonglobe.com/news/nation/2019/04/24/trump-forms-battle-plan-for-post-mueller-probes-just-say/LK2MeB7XKCKhYYQdQGBt0J/story.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

Pelosi initially resisted efforts by some fellow House Democrats to pursue Trump's impeachment,<ref>{{cite news|author=Rachael Bade & Mike DeBonis|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/the-president-gave-us-no-choice-pelosi-resisted-trumps-impeachment-now-shes-the-public-face/2019/12/05/56f31916-1774-11ea-a659-7d69641c6ff7_story.html|title='The president gave us no choice': Pelosi resisted Trump's impeachment, now she's the public face|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|date=December 5, 2019|access-date=February 10, 2020|archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194823/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/the-president-gave-us-no-choice-pelosi-resisted-trumps-impeachment-now-shes-the-public-face/2019/12/05/56f31916-1774-11ea-a659-7d69641c6ff7_story.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Jennifer Haberkorn|url=https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2019-12-18/impeachment-now-key-part-of-pelosi-legacy|title=Pelosi once resisted impeachment; now it shapes her legacy|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|date=December 18, 2019}}</ref> but in September 2019, following revelations of the [[Trump–Ukraine scandal]], announced the beginning of a formal [[Impeachment inquiry against Donald Trump|House impeachment inquiry]], saying "The actions taken to date by the president have seriously violated the Constitution" and that Trump "must be held accountable—no one is above the law."<ref>{{cite news|first=Nicholas|last=Fandos|title=Nancy Pelosi Announces Formal Impeachment Inquiry of Trump|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/24/us/politics/democrats-impeachment-trump.html|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=September 4, 2019|access-date=September 24, 2019|archive-date=September 24, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190924150010/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/24/us/politics/democrats-impeachment-trump.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Privately, Pelosi expressed concern that focusing on impeachment would imperil the Democrats' House majority; she preferred to focus on other legislation.<ref name=PoliticoImpeachement>{{cite web|url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2022/10/17/the-reluctant-impeacher-nancy-pelosis-00061653|title=The Legacy Nancy Pelosi Never Wanted|website=[[Politico]]|last1=Bade|first1=Rachael|date=October 17, 2022|accessdate=October 20, 2022}}</ref>

In May 2019, the [[White House]] intervened to halt former [[White House Counsel]] [[Don McGahn]] from complying with a [[subpoena]] issued by the [[House Judiciary Committee]], instructing the committee to redirect its records requests to the White House. Pelosi, who had previously urged "Democrats to focus on fact-finding rather than the prospect of any impeachment",<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.politico.com/story/2019/05/07/don-mcgahn-wont-comply-with-house-democrats-subpoena-1308802|title=Don McGahn won't comply with House Democrats' subpoena|work=[[Politico]]|first1=Andrew|last1=Desiderio|first2=Kyle|last2=Cheney|date=May 7, 2019|access-date=October 14, 2022|archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194746/https://www.politico.com/story/2019/05/07/don-mcgahn-wont-comply-with-house-democrats-subpoena-1308802|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/nationworld/politics/ct-democrats-trump-mueller-report-don-mcgahn-20190422-story.html|title=Democrats subpoena former White House Counsel Don McGahn, but downplay Trump impeachment talk|first=Laurie|last=Kellman|agency=The Associated Press|work=[[Chicago Tribune]]|date=April 22, 2019|access-date=October 13, 2022}}</ref> described Trump's interference regarding McGahn's records as an [[obstruction of justice]], saying that "Trump is goading us to impeach him."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/07/us/politics/don-mcgahn-subpoena.html|title=Justice Dept. Threatens House Democrats Over Contempt in Barr Battle|work=[[The New York Times]]|first1=Nicholas|last1=Fandos|first2=Maggie|last2=Haberman|first3=Michael S.|last3=Schmidt|date=May 7, 2019|access-date=October 14, 2022|archive-date=December 2, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191202160446/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/07/us/politics/don-mcgahn-subpoena.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://fortune.com/2019/05/07/trump-pelosi-impeachment/ |title="'Every Day He's Obstructing Justice.' Pelosi Issues Impeachment Warning as White House Escalates Fight", by Shannon Pettypiece and ''Bloomberg'' via ''Fortune'', May 7, 2019. Retrieved May 7, 2019. |access-date=May 7, 2019 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194812/https://fortune.com/2019/05/07/trump-pelosi-impeachment/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Later that month, as the Trump administration continued to ignore subpoenas, refuse to release documents, and encourage or order current and former officials not to testify in Congress, Pelosi declared: "we believe that the president of the United States is engaged in a cover-up."<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-48372001|title=Trump hits back at Democratic 'cover-up' claims|work=[[BBC News]]|date=May 22, 2019|access-date=June 6, 2019|archive-date=August 19, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190819121438/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-48372001|url-status=live}}</ref> Later that day, after learning of Pelosi's comments, Trump walked away from a scheduled White House meeting with Pelosi and Schumer, in which a $2{{spaces}}trillion infrastructure plan was supposed to be discussed. Trump told Pelosi and Schumer he could not work with them until they stopped investigating him. Later in the day, Pelosi accused Trump of "obstructing justice" and again said he "is engaged in a cover-up".<ref name="coverup">{{cite news |last1=Baker |first1=Peter |last2=Rogers |first2=Katie |last3=Cochrane |first3=Emily |title=Trump, Angered by 'Phony' Inquiries, Blows Up Meeting With Pelosi and Schumer |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/22/us/politics/donald-trump-speech-pelosi-schumer.html |access-date=June 6, 2019 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=May 22, 2019 |archive-date=November 23, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191123211841/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/22/us/politics/donald-trump-speech-pelosi-schumer.html |url-status=live }}</ref> On June 5, 2019, during a meeting with senior Democrats about whether the House should launch impeachment proceeding against Trump, Pelosi said, "I don't want to see him impeached, I want to see him in prison." According to multiple sources, rather than impeachment, she wanted to see Trump lose to a Democrat in the 2020 election, following which he could be prosecuted.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Caygle |first1=Heather |title=Pelosi tells Dems she wants to see Trump 'in prison' |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2019/06/05/pelosi-impeachment-1355435 |access-date=June 6, 2019 |work=[[Politico]]|date=June 6, 2019 |ref=prison |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194809/https://www.politico.com/story/2019/06/05/pelosi-impeachment-1355435 |url-status=live }}</ref> Eventually, under pressure from an alliance of left-wing Representatives led by Chair of the [[House Judiciary Committee]] [[Jerry Nadler]], Pelosi backed an impeachment inquiry.<ref name=PoliticoImpeachement/>

The House impeachment inquiry focused on efforts by Trump and Trump administration officials to pressure the government of Ukraine to smear former Vice President [[Joe Biden]], a political rival of Trump's, while withholding $400{{spaces}}million in U.S. military aid, and a White House visit, from Ukraine; the inquiry also examined Trump's request in a July 2019 phone call to Ukrainian president [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] to "do us a favor" and investigate Biden.<ref name=NYTTrumpImpeached>{{cite news|first1=Nicholas|last1=Fandos|first2=Michael D.|last2=Shear|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/18/us/politics/trump-impeached.html|title=Trump Impeached for Abuse of Power and Obstruction of Congress|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=December 18, 2019|access-date=February 10, 2020|archive-date=December 18, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191218190005/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/18/us/politics/trump-impeached.html|url-status=live}}</ref> On December 18, 2019, the House voted nearly along party lines to impeach Trump for [[abuse of power]] (230–197) and obstruction of Congress (229–198), making him the third president in U.S. history to be impeached. Pelosi said, when opening debate on the [[articles of impeachment]], "If we do not act now, we would be derelict in our duty. It is tragic that the president's reckless actions make impeachment necessary. He gave us no choice."<ref name=NYTTrumpImpeached/> Pelosi initially did not transmit the articles of impeachment to the Republican-controlled Senate for [[First impeachment trial of Donald Trump|trial]], seeking to negotiate an agreement with Senate Majority [[Mitch McConnell]] for the Senate to hear witness testimony and other additional evidence as part of a bid for a "full and fair" trial. McConnell rejected these efforts, and the House transmitted the articles to the Senate on January 15, 2020, with Pelosi naming seven Democratic Representatives, led by Representative [[Adam Schiff]], as the House managers to argue the impeachment case against Trump in the Senate.<ref>{{cite news|author=Heather Caygle & John Bresnahan|url=https://www.politico.com/news/2020/01/10/pelosi-to-send-impeachment-articles-to-senate-after-weeks-long-delay-097185|title=Pelosi ends standoff with Senate Republicans over impeachment articles|work=[[Politico]]|date=February 10, 2020|access-date=February 10, 2020|archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194825/https://www.politico.com/news/2020/01/10/pelosi-to-send-impeachment-articles-to-senate-after-weeks-long-delay-097185|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|publisher=[[NBC News]]|author=Jane C. Timm & Rebecca Shabad|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/politics-news/pelosi-calls-witnesses-trump-trial-after-new-evidence-n1116091|title=House sends impeachment articles to Senate, Pelosi names trial managers|date=January 15, 2020|access-date=February 10, 2020|archive-date=January 15, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200115160927/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/politics-news/pelosi-calls-witnesses-trump-trial-after-new-evidence-n1116091|url-status=live}}</ref> As expected, the Senate ultimately acquitted Trump in a nearly-party line vote in which every Democrat voted for conviction and all but one Republican, Senator [[Mitt Romney]], voting for acquittal.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/05/us/politics/trump-acquitted-impeachment.html|date=February 5, 2020|title=Trump Acquitted of Two Impeachment Charges in Near Party-Line Vote|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=February 10, 2020|archive-date=February 5, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200205220311/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/05/us/politics/trump-acquitted-impeachment.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Ahead of the Senate vote Pelosi said that, irrespective of the outcome, the president "has been impeached forever", that the impeachment process had successfully "pulled back a veil of behavior totally unacceptable to [[Founders of the United States|our founders]], and that the public will see this with a clearer eye, an unblurred eye."<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/03/us/politics/pelosi-impeachment.html|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=February 3, 2020|title=Pelosi Says Democrats Have 'Pulled Back a Veil' on Trump's 'Unacceptable' Behavior|author=Sheryl Gay Stolberg|access-date=February 10, 2020|archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194844/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/03/us/politics/pelosi-impeachment.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Following the Senate vote, Pelosi criticized Trump and Senate Republicans, saying their actions had "normalized lawlessness and rejected the system of [[checks and balances]]".<ref>{{cite news|title=Pelosi rips McConnell as 'rogue leader' after Trump acquittal|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/senate/481744-pelosi-rips-mcconnell-as-rogue-leader-after-trump-acquittal/|newspaper=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]|first=Justine|last=Coleman|date=February 5, 2020|access-date=February 10, 2020|archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194812/https://thehill.com/homenews/senate/481744-pelosi-rips-mcconnell-as-rogue-leader-after-trump-acquittal|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite press release|title=Pelosi Statement on Senate Impeachment Vote|date=February 5, 2020|url=https://www.speaker.gov/newsroom/2520-0|publisher=Office of the Speaker of the House|access-date=February 10, 2020|archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194814/https://www.speaker.gov/newsroom/2520-0|url-status=live}}</ref>

Following the Senate vote, Trump claimed vindication and criticized Democrats, the FBI, and Pelosi. In a speech at the [[National Prayer Breakfast]], Trump referred to Pelosi as "a horrible person", and questioned her religious faith; Pelosi said these remarks were "particularly without class".<ref name=LashesOut>{{cite news|author=Peter Baker|title=Trump Hails Acquittal and Lashes Out at His 'Evil' and 'Corrupt' Opponents|newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/06/us/politics/trump-impeachment.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200206164823/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/06/us/politics/trump-impeachment.html |archive-date=February 6, 2020 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|date=February 6, 2020}}</ref> Before Trump's February 4, [[2020 State of the Union Address]], the day before the Senate impeachment vote, Trump and Pelosi exchanged mutual snubs.<ref name=StolbergHandshake>{{cite news|author=Sheryl Gay Stolberg|date=February 4, 2020|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/04/us/politics/pelosi-trump-handshake.html|title=Trump and Pelosi Exchange Snubs at the State of the Union Address|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=February 10, 2020|archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194826/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/04/us/politics/pelosi-trump-handshake.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=CrocoSilverman>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2020/02/05/trump-wouldnt-shake-pelosi-ripped-up-his-speech-do-americans-care-about-civility/|title=Trump didn't shake hands. Pelosi ripped up his speech. Do Americans care about civility?|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|author=Sarah E. Croco & Jacob Silverman|date=February 5, 2020|access-date=February 10, 2020|archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194828/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2020/02/05/trump-wouldnt-shake-pelosi-ripped-up-his-speech-do-americans-care-about-civility/|url-status=live}}</ref> Trump refused to shake Pelosi's outstretched hand, and Pelosi tore up her copy of Trump's speech.<ref name=StolbergHandshake/><ref name=CrocoSilverman/> Her stated reason for doing so was "because it was a courteous thing to do considering the alternatives. It was a such a dirty speech."<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Mansoor |first=Sanya |date=February 4, 2020 |title=Nancy Pelosi Ripped Up a Copy of Trump's State of the Union Address |url=https://time.com/5778099/pelosi-trump-speech-rip/ |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|access-date=February 4, 2020 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194817/https://time.com/5778099/pelosi-trump-speech-rip/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Pelosi also said Trump's speech "had no contact with reality whatsoever"<ref>{{cite news|first=Grace|last=Segers|date=February 6, 2020|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/pelosi-holds-press-conference-after-senate-acquittal-of-president-trump/|title=Pelosi says Trump's State of the Union 'had no contact with reality whatsoever'|publisher=[[CBS News]]|access-date=February 10, 2020|archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194845/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/pelosi-holds-press-conference-after-senate-acquittal-of-president-trump/|url-status=live}}</ref> and suggested the president appeared "a little sedated" during the address.<ref name=LashesOut/> Pelosi's action was criticized by Trump and others.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/05/us/politics/trump-pelosi.html|title=As White House Calls Pelosi's Speech-Ripping a 'Tantrum', She Feels 'Liberated'|last1=Stolberg|first1=Sheryl|last2=Sullivan|first2=Eileen|date=February 5, 2020|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=February 5, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://oklahoman.com/article/feed/10011975/pelosi-rips-trump-speech-right-there-on-the-podium|title=Pelosi shreds Trump's speech. Right there on the podium.|date=February 5, 2020|agency=[[Associated Press]]|website=The Oklahoman|access-date=February 5, 2020|archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194820/https://oklahoman.com/article/feed/10011975/pelosi-rips-trump-speech-right-there-on-the-podium|url-status=live}}</ref>

Days after the Senate impeachment vote, Trump fired two officials who had testified against him during the impeachment inquiry: [[United States Ambassador to the European Union|U.S. Ambassador to the European Union]] [[Gordon Sondland]] and [[Lieutenant colonel (United States)|Lieutenant Colonel]] [[Alexander Vindman]], a [[National Security Council (United States)|National Security Council]] official. Pelosi called the firing of Vindman a "shameful" and "clear and brazen act of retaliation that showcases the President's fear of the truth", saying that "History will remember Lieutenant Colonel Vindman as an American hero."<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2020/02/08/trump-firing-impeachment-witness-alexander-vindman-brazen-act-retaliation-pelosi/4700103002/|date=February 8, 2020|title=Nancy Pelosi: Trump impeachment witness Vindman's 'shameful' firing a 'brazen act of retaliation'|newspaper=[[USA Today]]|access-date=February 10, 2020|archive-date=February 10, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200210213220/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2020/02/08/trump-firing-impeachment-witness-alexander-vindman-brazen-act-retaliation-pelosi/4700103002/|url-status=live}}</ref>

====Commission to consider use of 25th Amendment====

On October 8, 2020, Pelosi announced that legislation was being introduced in the House of Representatives to advance the creation of a commission to allow the use of the [[Twenty-fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution|25th Amendment]] to the Constitution to intervene and remove Trump from executive duties.<ref>Mascaro, Lisa, ''[https://apnews.com/article/virus-outbreak-donald-trump-constitutions-legislation-archive-a8efe4c5bee7bc4d369a2cf3d9a5542b In 25th Amendment bid, Pelosi mulls Trump's fitness to serve] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194839/https://apnews.com/article/virus-outbreak-donald-trump-constitutions-legislation-archive-a8efe4c5bee7bc4d369a2cf3d9a5542b |date=January 14, 2021 }}'', [[Associated Press]], October 9, 2020</ref>

===Biden presidency===
As of October 2022, Pelosi had voted in line with [[Joe Biden]]'s stated position 100% of the time.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Bycoffe |first1=Anna Wiederkehr and Aaron |title=Does Your Member Of Congress Vote With Or Against Biden? |url=https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/biden-congress-votes/nancy-pelosi/|access-date=October 31, 2021|date=October 22, 2021}}</ref>

===Foreign affairs===

==== China/Hong Kong/Taiwan ====
[[File:Nancy Pelosi and Wen Jiabao.jpg|thumb|Pelosi with Chinese premier [[Wen Jiabao]] during a trip to China in 2009]]
[[File:HK activists with Pelosi and US REP at the US Capitol.jpg|thumb|Pelosi with Hong Kong activists who have become prominent figures in the [[2019–2020 Hong Kong protests]]]]
[[File:Pelosi's speech when meeting with Tsai by Chien 03 (52260046159).jpg|thumb|Pelosi with Taiwanese president [[Tsai Ing-wen]] during [[2022 visit by Nancy Pelosi to Taiwan|her trip to Taiwan]] in 2022]]
After the [[1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre|1989 Tiananmen Square protests]], Pelosi sought to take a harsher position toward China than President George H.W. Bush.<ref name=":05">{{Cite book |last=Lampton |first=David M. |title=Living U.S.-China Relations: From Cold War to Cold War |date=2024 |publisher=[[Rowman & Littlefield]] |isbn=978-1-5381-8725-8 |location=Lanham, MD |pages= |author-link=David M. Lampton}}</ref>{{Rp|page=210}} With the support of Senate Majority Leader George Mitchell, she took a lead role for the Democrats in criticizing Bush's China policy.<ref name=":05" />{{Rp|page=210}} Pelosi's view was that Congress should oppose the annual presidential waiver for China under the [[Jackson–Vanik amendment|Jackson-Vanik Amendment]], an amendment to the [[Trade Act of 1974]] that required the president to inform Congress if he intended to waive the Act to have a [[Most favoured nation|most favored nation]] trading relationship with a non-market economy.<ref name=":05" />{{Rp|page=211}} Pelosi said that if [[Economy of China|China's economy]] suffered, Chinese people would be unhappy with their government and this would serve to advance [[democracy in China]].<ref name=":05" />{{Rp|page=223}}

As part of a Congressional delegation, Pelosi unfurled a banner in the square in 1991, provoking a confrontation with Chinese police.<ref name="deal" /> She advocated for Chinese political prisoners and dissidents to be able to come to the U.S.<ref name="deal">[https://www.npr.org/2022/08/02/1114852740/pelosi-is-about-to-land-in-taiwan-heres-why-thats-a-big-deal Pelosi has landed in Taiwan. Here's why that's a big deal]</ref> In 1999, ahead of Chinese Premier [[Zhu Rongji]]'s visit to the U.S. for talks over [[World Trade Organization]] admission for China, Pelosi called on President Clinton and Vice President Gore to ask Zhu to recognize the 1989 protests as a pro-democracy effort.<ref>{{cite news|last=Greene|first=David L.|title=Pelosi still fighting for human rights progress in China; Congresswoman delivers biting message to Clinton as he readies to meet Zhu|url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1999-04-08-9904080097-story.html|access-date=July 14, 2021|date=April 8, 1999|website=The Baltimore Sun}}</ref>

In 2008, after a meeting with the [[14th Dalai Lama|Dalai Lama]] and officials in the [[Central Tibetan Administration|Tibetan government-in-exile]], Pelosi criticized the People's Republic of China for its handling of the [[2008 unrest in Tibet|unrest in Tibet]]; addressing a crowd of thousands of Tibetans in [[Dharamsala]], India, Pelosi called on "freedom-loving people" worldwide to denounce China for its [[Human rights in Tibet|human rights abuses in Tibet]].<ref name="cnn20mar2008">{{cite news |title=Pelosi calls on nations to protest China's hold on Tibet |publisher=[[CNN]]|date=March 20, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081211163757/http://edition.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/03/21/tibet.dalai.lama/index.html |archive-date=December 11, 2008 |url-status=dead |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/03/21/tibet.dalai.lama/index.html |access-date=January 20, 2019}}</ref> The same year, Pelosi commended the [[European Parliament]] for its "bold decision" to award the [[Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought]] to [[List of Chinese dissidents|Chinese dissident]] and human rights activist [[Hu Jia (activist)|Hu Jia]], and called upon the Chinese government "to immediately and unconditionally release Hu Jia from prison and to respect the fundamental freedoms of all the people in China."<ref>{{cite press release|url=https://www.speaker.gov/newsroom/pelosi-statement-chinese-human-rights-activist-hu-jia-receiving-sakharov-prize-freedom-thought/ |title=Pelosi Statement on Chinese Human Rights Activist Hu Jia Receiving Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought |access-date=January 19, 2019 |last=Pelosi |first=Nancy |date=October 24, 2008 |publisher=[[United States House of Representatives]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081030234753/http://speaker.house.gov/newsroom/pressreleases?id=0873 |archive-date=October 30, 2008 |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 2010, Pelosi backed a bill naming China a currency manipulator, which would appease exporters.<ref>{{cite news |title=Pelosi backs China currency bill |url=https://www.upi.com/Business_News/2010/09/22/Pelosi-backs-China-currency-bill/39091285196281/ |access-date=August 2, 2022 |work=United Press International |date=September 22, 2010}}</ref>

Pelosi criticized the [[2017 imprisonment of Hong Kong democracy activists|imprisonment of Hong Kong democracy activists]] in August 2017 for their roles in a protest at the [[Civic Square (Hong Kong)|Civic Square]] in front of the [[Central Government Complex (Hong Kong)|Central Government Complex]] in [[Hong Kong]]. She called the ruling an injustice that should "shock the conscience of the world".<ref>{{cite news |last=Cheung |first=Karen |title=US Democratic leader says Occupy activists' sentencing should 'shock the conscience of the world' |url=https://www.hongkongfp.com/2017/08/18/us-democratic-leader-says-occupy-activists-sentencing-shock-conscience-world/ |work=Hong Kong Free Press |date=August 18, 2017 |access-date=December 20, 2018 }}</ref>

Before the Trump administration took concrete [[2018 China–United States trade war|measures against China]] in late March 2018, Pelosi and other Democratic leaders pressed Trump to focus more on China and impose real punishments, such as fulfilling his own campaign commitments to name China a currency manipulator and stop China from pressuring U.S. tech companies into giving up [[Intellectual property in China|intellectual property rights]]. Pelosi urged Trump to take a strong stand against unfair market barriers in China.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.speaker.gov/newsroom/4617/ |title=Pelosi Letter to President Trump: Raise Human Rights in China During President Xi's U.S. Visit |publisher=Nancy Pelosi |date=April 6, 2017 |access-date=July 30, 2022 |archive-date=November 1, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101185114/https://www.speaker.gov/newsroom/4617 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.speaker.gov/newsroom/81417-3/ |title=Pelosi Statement on China Trade Investigation Memo |first=Nancy |last=Pelosi |date=August 14, 2017 |access-date=July 30, 2022 |archive-date=July 30, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220730124211/https://www.speaker.gov/newsroom/81417-3 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Pelosi: You Can Almost Hear Leadership Of Chinese Government Laughing At Trump |website=[[Real Clear Politics]] |url=https://www.realclearpolitics.com/video/2017/11/09/pelosi_you_can_almost_hear_leadership_of_chinese_government_laughing_at_trump.html |date=November 9, 2017 |access-date=December 18, 2018 |archive-date=May 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180507081558/https://www.realclearpolitics.com/video/2017/11/09/pelosi_you_can_almost_hear_leadership_of_chinese_government_laughing_at_trump.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Democrats target Trump on trade |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/powerpost/democrats-target-trump-on-trade/2017/09/02/2dfbabf8-8f5f-11e7-8df5-c2e5cf46c1e2_story.html |date=September 2, 2017 |access-date=December 18, 2018 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194823/https://www.washingtonpost.com/powerpost/democrats-target-trump-on-trade/2017/09/02/2dfbabf8-8f5f-11e7-8df5-c2e5cf46c1e2_story.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

In September 2019, Pelosi met with [[Pro-democracy camp (Hong Kong)|Hong Kong pro-democracy activist]] [[Joshua Wong]] on Capitol Hill; Chinese media responded by accusing Pelosi of "backing and encouraging radical activists".<ref>{{cite news |title=China accuses Pelosi of "interference" as battle rages to control narrative on Hong Kong |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/hong-kong-protests-china-accuses-nancy-pelosi-interference-battle-to-control-media-message-2019-09-20/ |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=September 20, 2019 |access-date=November 8, 2019 |archive-date=October 15, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191015175709/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/hong-kong-protests-china-accuses-nancy-pelosi-interference-battle-to-control-media-message-2019-09-20/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

On the eve of the [[2022 Winter Olympics]] in [[Beijing]], Pelosi advised [[United States at the 2022 Winter Olympics|American athletes competing]]: "I would say to our athletes, 'You're there to compete. Do not risk incurring the anger of the Chinese government, because they are ruthless{{'"}}.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sports.yahoo.com/2022-olympics-nancy-pelosi-urges-athletes-not-to-protest-to-avoid-angering-the-chinese-government-014944305.html|title=2022 Olympics: Nancy Pelosi urges athletes against protesting to avoid 'anger of the Chinese government'|website=sports.yahoo.com|date=February 4, 2022 }}</ref>

On August 2, 2022, Pelosi became the highest-ranking U.S. government official to [[2022 visit by Nancy Pelosi to Taiwan|visit Taiwan]] in 25 years.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Plane Believed To Be Carrying Nancy Pelosi Lands In Taiwan – Live Updates |url=https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/nancy-pelosi-taiwan-visit-live-us-will-bear-responsibility-china-warns-3217586 |access-date=August 2, 2022 |website=NDTV.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Nancy Pelosi's Expected Taiwan Visit Raises U.S.-China Tensions: Live Updates |url=https://www.wsj.com/livecoverage/nancy-pelosi-taiwan-visit-china-us-tensions |access-date=August 2, 2022 |website=[[The Wall Street Journal]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Pelosi-Taiwan Live Updates: House Speaker Arrives in Taiwan in Defiance of China |url=https://www.wsj.com/livecoverage/nancy-pelosi-taiwan-visit-china-us-tensions |access-date=August 3, 2022 |website=[[The Wall Street Journal]]}}</ref> President [[Joe Biden]] discouraged but did not prevent Pelosi from traveling to Taiwan, and the White House later affirmed her right to visit.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Mason |first1=Jeff |last2=Martina |first2=Michael |date=August 1, 2022 |title=White House: U.S. will not be intimidated by China; Pelosi has right to visit Taiwan |work=[[Reuters]]|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/white-house-says-pelosi-has-right-visit-taiwan-2022-08-01 |url-access=registration |access-date=August 5, 2022 |archive-date=August 4, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220804001906/https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/white-house-says-pelosi-has-right-visit-taiwan-2022-08-01/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Nancy Pelosi's plan to visit Taiwan prompts outrage from China |agency=Financial Times |url=https://www.ft.com/content/09669099-1565-4723-86c9-84e0ca465825 |url-access=subscription |access-date=August 5, 2022 |archive-date=August 4, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220804082412/https://www.ft.com/content/09669099-1565-4723-86c9-84e0ca465825 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Pelosi: China cannot isolate Taiwan by preventing visits |url=https://apnews.com/article/taiwan-china-japan-nancy-pelosi-taipei-7114ce2a974d0a806ba5c85665287bb4 |work=[[Associated Press|AP News]]}}</ref> Senate Minority Leader [[Mitch McConnell]] and 25 Senate Republicans backed Pelosi's decision to visit,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Senate Republicans Use Biden's Reasoning in Rare Defense of Nancy Pelosi |url=https://www.newsweek.com/republican-senators-defend-nancy-pelosi-taiwan-visit-1730151 |access-date=August 6, 2022 |website=MSN |date=August 2, 2022}}</ref> issuing a joint statement that also supported the trip.<ref>{{Cite web |title=McConnell and 25 Senate Republicans issue rare statement of support for Pelosi as she visits Taiwan in defiance of China's threats |url=https://news.yahoo.com/mcconnell-25-senate-republicans-issue-201046740.html |access-date=August 6, 2022 |website=news.yahoo.com |date=August 2, 2022}}</ref> Her trip triggered a new round of hostilities in the already tense relationship between the U.S. and China.<ref name=NPR-03-08-2022>{{cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2022/08/03/1115338230/house-speaker-nancy-pelosi-says-the-u-s-will-not-abandon-taiwan-as-china-protest?t=1659505755048|title=House Speaker Nancy Pelosi says the U.S. will not abandon Taiwan as China protests|access-date=August 3, 2022|website=[[NPR]]|date=August 3, 2022 }}</ref> During and after her visit, China undertook a series of retaliatory measures against Taiwan and the United States. Pelosi said her visit was a sign of the U.S. Congress's commitment to Taiwan.<ref name=NPR-03-08-2022 /> During her visit, she met with Taiwanese President [[Tsai Ing-wen|Tsai Ing-Wen]] and called Taiwan one of the "freest societies in the world".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Teh |first=Cheryl |title=Nancy Pelosi calls Taiwan one of the 'freest societies in the world' during visit to the island |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/nancy-pelosi-taiwan-freest-societies-in-the-world-2022-8 |access-date=August 3, 2022 |website=[[Business Insider]]}}</ref>

====Colombia====
Pelosi publicly scolded Colombian president [[Álvaro Uribe]] during Uribe's May 2007 state visit to America. Pelosi met with Uribe and later released a statement that she and other members of Congress had "expressed growing concerns about the serious allegations" of links between paramilitary groups and Colombian government officials.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/05/04/AR2007050402186.html |title=Colombian President Defends His Government |access-date=October 4, 2007 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |first=Jason |last=Ukman |date=May 5, 2007 |archive-date=September 17, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160917052124/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/05/04/AR2007050402186.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Pelosi also came out against the [[United States–Colombia Free Trade Agreement|Colombian free-trade agreement]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.speaker.gov/newsroom/pressreleases?id=0235|title=Pelosi, Hoyer, Rangel, and Levin Statement on Trade|access-date=November 9, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012205750/http://www.speaker.gov/newsroom/pressreleases?id=0235|archive-date=October 12, 2007}}</ref>

====Cuba====
[[File:Secretary Kerry Speaks With U.S. House Minority Leader Pelosi at Estadio Latinoamericano in Havana, Cuba (25999385805).jpg|thumb|Pelosi and Secretary of State [[John Kerry]] at [[Estadio Latinoamericano]] in [[Havana]], Cuba, March 2016]]

In 2008, Pelosi said: "For years, I have opposed the [[United States embargo against Cuba|embargo on Cuba]]. I don't think it's been successful, and I think we have to remove the travel bans and have more exchanges—people to people exchanges with Cuba."<ref>{{cite news |first=Morgan |last=Neill |url=http://www.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/americas/04/26/raul.castro/index.html |title=Raul Castro pushes change for Cubans |publisher=[[CNN]]|date=April 28, 2008 |access-date=June 25, 2017 |archive-date=September 29, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180929161504/http://www.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/americas/04/26/raul.castro/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2015, Pelosi supported President Obama's [[Cuban Thaw]], a rapprochement between the U.S. and [[Human rights in Cuba|Castro's regime]] in Cuba, and visited [[Havana]] for meetings with high-level officials.<ref>{{cite news |first=Nick |last=Miroff |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/in-havana-pelosi-delegation-promotes-obamas-cuba-thaw/2015/02/19/8b1e2d72-c61e-4d3e-ae77-28e0f2f2baa6_story.html |title=In Havana, Pelosi delegation promotes Obama's Cuba thaw |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=February 10, 2015 |access-date=June 25, 2017 |archive-date=November 15, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181115114947/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/in-havana-pelosi-delegation-promotes-obamas-cuba-thaw/2015/02/19/8b1e2d72-c61e-4d3e-ae77-28e0f2f2baa6_story.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

====First Gulf War====
Pelosi opposed U.S. intervention in the [[1991 Gulf War]].<ref name="opinionjournal.com">{{cite news |url=http://www.opinionjournal.com/columnists/pdupont/?id=110002614 |title=Left-Handed Compliment |work=Opinion Journal |access-date=February 3, 2010 |archive-date=May 26, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090526065335/http://www.opinionjournal.com/columnists/pdupont/?id=110002614 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Hidden Casualties: Environmental, Health and Political Consequences of the Persian Gulf War |first1=Nancy |last1=Pelosi |first2=Saul |last2=Bloom |publisher=North Atlantic Books |date=1994 |isbn=978-1-55643-163-0 |url=https://archive.org/details/hiddencasualties0000unse }}</ref>

====Iran====
[[File:Secretary Kerry, Senators McCain and Warner, House Minority Leader Pelosi, and Representative Engel Chat Before Greeting King Salman of Saudi Arabia.jpg|thumb|Pelosi with Secretary of State John Kerry and Senators [[John McCain]] and [[Mark Warner]] before greeting the new King [[Salman of Saudi Arabia]] in Riyadh, January 2015]]

In an interview on February 15, 2007, Pelosi said that Bush consistently said he supports a diplomatic resolution to differences with [[Iran]] "and I take him at his word". At the same time, she said, "I do believe that Congress should assert itself, though, and make it very clear that there is no previous authority for the president, any president, to go into Iran".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.foxnews.com/story/house-passes-resolution-opposing-bushs-plan-to-send-more-troops-to-iraq |title=House Passes Resolution Opposing Bush's Plan to Send More Troops to Iraq |publisher=[[Fox News]] |date=February 16, 2007 |access-date=June 14, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091008014500/http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,252382,00.html |archive-date=October 8, 2009 |url-status=live }}</ref> On January 12, 2007, Congressman [[Walter B. Jones]] of [[North Carolina]] introduced a resolution<ref>{{USBill|110|H.J.Res.|14|pipe=H.J.Res.14: Concerning the use of military force by the United States against Iran}}</ref> requiring that—absent a national emergency created by an attack, or a demonstrably imminent attack, by Iran upon the United States or its armed forces—the president must consult with Congress and receive specific authorization prior to initiating any use of military force against Iran.<ref>{{cite press release |url=https://jones.house.gov/press-release/jones-introduces-resolution-requiring-congressional-approval-prior-use-military-force |title=Jones Introduces Resolution Requiring Congressional Approval Prior to Use of Military Force Against Iran |date=January 12, 2007 |access-date=January 19, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190120144152/https://jones.house.gov/press-release/jones-introduces-resolution-requiring-congressional-approval-prior-use-military-force |archive-date=January 20, 2019 |url-status=dead }}</ref> This resolution was removed from a military spending bill for the war in Iraq by Pelosi on March 13, 2007.

In July 2015, Pelosi said she was convinced Obama would have enough votes to secure the [[Iran nuclear deal]], crediting the president with having made a "very strong and forceful presentation of his case supporting the nuclear agreement with Iran" and called the deal "a diplomatic masterpiece".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2015/07/30/nancy-pelosi-iran-deal/30887129/ |title=Pelosi says Iran deal 'a diplomatic masterpiece' |first=Susan |last=Davis |newspaper=[[USA Today]] |date=July 30, 2015 |access-date=August 25, 2018 |archive-date=October 13, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191013024430/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2015/07/30/nancy-pelosi-iran-deal/30887129/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 2016, Pelosi argued against two bills that if enacted would block Iran's access to the dollar and impose sanctions for its ballistic missile program: "Regardless of whether you supported the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), we all agree that Iran must not possess a nuclear weapon. At this time, the JCPOA is the best way to achieve this critical goal."<ref>{{cite news |title=House votes to toughen Iran sanctions |newspaper=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] |url=https://thehill.com/blogs/floor-action/house/287775-house-votes-to-enhance-iran-sanctions/ |date=July 14, 2016 |access-date=November 12, 2018 |archive-date=January 3, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200103171319/https://thehill.com/blogs/floor-action/house/287775-house-votes-to-enhance-iran-sanctions |url-status=live }}</ref>

In May 2018, after Trump announced his intention to withdraw from the Iran nuclear deal, Pelosi said the decision was an abdication of American leadership and "particularly senseless, disturbing & dangerous".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/senate/386767-dems-hammer-trump-over-withdrawal-from-iran-deal/ |title=Dems hammer Trump over withdrawal from Iran deal |date=May 8, 2018 |access-date=August 25, 2018 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194824/https://thehill.com/homenews/senate/386767-dems-hammer-trump-over-withdrawal-from-iran-deal |url-status=live }}</ref>

====Iraq War====
[[File:Al Udeid Air Base, Qatar (4595426589).jpg|thumb|Pelosi with service members stationed at the [[Al Udeid Air Base]] in [[Qatar]], 2010]]

In 2002, Pelosi opposed the [[Iraq Resolution]] authorizing President [[George W. Bush]] to use [[2003 invasion of Iraq|military force against Iraq]], which passed the House on a 296–133 vote.<ref name="HouseClerk"/><ref name=MitchellIraq/> Pelosi said that "unilateral use of force without first exhausting every diplomatic remedy and other remedies and making a case to the American people will be harmful to our war on terrorism."<ref name="House2"/> In explaining her opposition to the resolution, Pelosi said [[Director of Central Intelligence|CIA Director]] [[George Tenet]] had told Congress the likelihood of [[Saddam Hussein]]'s launching an attack on the U.S. using weapons of mass destruction was low, saying: "This is about the Constitution It is about this Congress asserting its right to declare war when we are fully aware what the challenges are to us. It is about respecting the United Nations and a multilateral approach, which is safer for our troops."<ref name=MitchellIraq/>

Although Pelosi voted against the [[Iraq War]], anti-war activists in San Francisco protested against her voting to continue funding the war. UC Berkeley political scientist Bruce Cain said Pelosi had to balance the demands of her anti-war constituency against the moderate views of Democrats in tight races around the country in her role as minority leader.<ref>{{cite news |title=SAN FRANCISCO / Anti-war activists take Pelosi to task / Minority leader negotiates with lawmakers to her right |author=McCormick, E. |url=http://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/SAN-FRANCISCO-Anti-war-activists-take-Pelosi-to-2524112.php |newspaper=[[San Francisco Chronicle]] |date=January 15, 2006 |access-date=August 5, 2013}}</ref> Pelosi has never faced a serious challenger to her left in her district.<ref>{{cite news |first=Christine |last=Mai-Duc |url=https://latimes.com/politics/essential/la-pol-ca-essential-politics-updates-nancy-pelosi-just-got-a-challenger-and-1493224950-htmlstory.html |title=Nancy Pelosi just got a challenger and he's a 'pretty hard-core' Bernie Sanders supporter |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=April 26, 2017 |access-date=December 5, 2019 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194843/https://www.latimes.com/politics/essential/la-pol-ca-essential-politics-updates-201704-htmlstory.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

====Israel====
[[File:PC290116 (1507386841).jpg|thumb|Pelosi at [[AIPAC]]'s annual Policy Conference in Washington, D.C.]]

Pelosi has reaffirmed that "America and [[Israel]] share an unbreakable bond: in peace and war; and in prosperity and in hardship".<ref name="onIsrael">{{cite web |title=Pelosi Delivers Speech to American Israel Public Affairs Committee |website=democraticleader.house.gov |year=2005 |url=http://democraticleader.house.gov/press/releases.cfm?pressReleaseID=999 |access-date=January 4, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060202151116/http://democraticleader.house.gov/press/releases.cfm?pressReleaseID=999 |archive-date=February 2, 2006}}</ref> She has emphasized that "a strong relationship between the [[Israel–United States relations|United States and Israel]] has long been supported by both Democrats and Republicans. America's commitment to the safety and security of the State of Israel is unwavering{{spaces}}... [h]owever, the [[war in Iraq]] has made both America and Israel less safe." Pelosi's voting record shows consistent support for Israel. Pelosi voted in favor of the [[Jerusalem Embassy Act]] of 1995, which urged the federal government to [[United States recognition of Jerusalem as capital of Israel|relocate the American embassy in Israel]] to [[Jerusalem]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Trump's actions on Jerusalem come with Democratic support |url=https://www.sfchronicle.com/opinion/openforum/article/Trump-s-actions-on-Jerusalem-come-with-12414559.php |work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]] |date=December 7, 2017}}</ref> Before the 2006 elections in the Palestinian Authority, she voted for a Congressional initiative that disapproved of participation in the elections by [[Hamas]] and other organizations the legislation defined as terrorist. She agrees with the current U.S. stance in support of land-for-peace. She has applauded Israeli "hopeful signs" of offering land while criticizing Palestinian "threats" of not demonstrating peace in turn. Pelosi has said, "If the Palestinians agree to coordinate with Israel on the evacuation, establish the rule of law, and demonstrate a capacity to govern, the world may be convinced that finally there is a real partner for peace".<ref name="onIsrael" />

During the [[2006 Lebanon War]], Pelosi voted in favor of Resolution 921: "...{{spaces}}seizure of Israeli soldiers by [[Hezbollah]] terrorists was an unprovoked attack and Israel has the right, and indeed the obligation, to respond." She argues that organizations and political bodies in the Mideast like [[Hamas]] and [[Hezbollah]] "have a greater interest in maintaining a state of hostility with Israel than in improving the lives of the people they claim to represent". Pelosi asserts that civilians on both sides of the border "have been put at risk by the aggression of Hamas and Hezbollah" in part for their use of "civilians as shields by concealing weapons in civilian areas".<ref>{{cite news |title=Pelosi Floor Statement on House Resolution Reaffirming Support for Israel |url=http://www.newswest9.com/story/5173845/pelosi-floor-statement-on-house-resolution-reaffirming-support-for-israel |newspaper=News West 9 |date=July 19, 2006 |access-date=August 4, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141111021503/http://www.newswest9.com/story/5173845/pelosi-floor-statement-on-house-resolution-reaffirming-support-for-israel |archive-date=November 11, 2014 }}</ref>

In September 2008, Pelosi hosted a reception in Washington with Israeli [[List of Knesset speakers|Speaker of the Knesset]] [[Dalia Itzik]], along with 20 members of Congress, where they toasted the "strong friendship" between Israel and the United States. During the ceremony, Pelosi held up replica dog tags of the three Israeli soldiers captured by Hezbollah and Hamas in 2006 and said she keeps them as a "symbol of the sacrifices made, sacrifices far too great by the people of the state of Israel".<ref>{{cite news |title=Two speakers toast to U.S.–Israel friendship |url=http://www.jta.org/2008/09/18/news-opinion/two-speakers-toast-to-u-s-israel-friendship |newspaper=JTA |date=September 18, 2008 |access-date=August 4, 2013}}</ref>
[[File:Pelosi and Netanyahu in Jerusalem, Israel.jpg|thumb|Pelosi and Israeli prime minister [[Benjamin Netanyahu]] in [[Jerusalem]], January 2020]]
Pelosi supported Israel in the [[2014 Israel–Gaza conflict]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Pelosi and Trump Are Both pro-Israel, but the Leading Democrat Is Not pro-Netanyahu |location=Israel |url=https://www.haaretz.com/us-news/pelosi-and-trump-are-both-pro-israel-but-the-leading-democrat-is-not-pro-netanyahu-1.6679073 |work=Haaretz |date=November 28, 2018 |access-date=December 13, 2018 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194852/https://www.haaretz.com/us-news/pelosi-and-trump-are-both-pro-israel-but-the-leading-democrat-is-not-pro-netanyahu-1.6679073 |url-status=live }}</ref> In March 2018 Pelosi said, "There is no greater political accomplishment in the 20th Century than the establishment of the State of Israel."<ref>{{cite news |title=U.S. House Democrats depart for Israel trip |url=https://www.jpost.com/Breaking-News/US-House-Democrats-depart-for-Israel-trip-547007 |work=The Jerusalem Post |date=March 25, 2018 |access-date=June 10, 2018 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194816/https://www.jpost.com/Breaking-News/US-House-Democrats-depart-for-Israel-trip-547007 |url-status=live }}</ref> Pelosi condemned Rep. [[Ilhan Omar]] of Minnesota for posting controversial tweets related to Jews and Israel.<ref>{{cite news |title=Ilhan Omar Condemned by Pelosi, Democratic Leaders for Using 'Anti-Semitic Tropes' |url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/rep-ilhan-omar-condemned-by-pelosi-democratic-leaders-for-using-anti-semitic-tropes |work=[[The Daily Beast]] |date=February 11, 2019 |access-date=July 25, 2020 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194847/https://www.thedailybeast.com/rep-ilhan-omar-condemned-by-pelosi-democratic-leaders-for-using-anti-semitic-tropes |url-status=live }}</ref> In March 2019, she said, "Israel and America are connected now and forever. We will never allow anyone to make Israel a wedge issue."<ref>{{cite news |title=Ilhan Omar Takes Swipe at Nancy Pelosi for Condemning BDS at AIPAC |url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/ilhan-omar-takes-swipe-at-nancy-pelosi-for-condemning-bds-at-aipac-1.7061399 |website=Haaretz |access-date=June 12, 2019|date=March 27, 2019 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194838/https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/ilhan-omar-takes-swipe-at-nancy-pelosi-for-condemning-bds-at-aipac-1.7061399 |url-status=live }}</ref>

In January 2017, Pelosi voted against a House resolution that would condemn the [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 2334|UN Security Council Resolution 2334]]. This UN Security Council Resolution called [[Israeli settlement|Israeli settlement building]] in the occupied [[Israeli-occupied territories|Palestinian territories]] in the [[West Bank]] a "flagrant violation" of international law and a major obstacle to peace.<ref>{{cite news |title=House votes to rebuke UN on Israeli settlement resolution |url=https://thehill.com/blogs/floor-action/house/312956-house-votes-to-rebuke-un-vote-on-israel/ |work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] |date=January 5, 2017 |access-date=February 12, 2019 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194859/https://thehill.com/blogs/floor-action/house/312956-house-votes-to-rebuke-un-vote-on-israel |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=AAI Thanks 80 Representatives For Standing Against Illegal Israeli Settlements |url=http://www.aaiusa.org/aai_thanks_80_representatives_for_standing_against_illegal_israeli_settlements |publisher=Arab American Institute |access-date=February 12, 2019 |archive-date=July 13, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190713152455/https://www.aaiusa.org/aai_thanks_80_representatives_for_standing_against_illegal_israeli_settlements |url-status=dead }}</ref> She condemned the [[Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions]] (BDS) movement targeting Israel.<ref>{{cite news |title=Omar hits back at Pelosi over BDS remarks |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/435841-omar-hits-back-at-pelosi-over-bds-remarks/ |work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] |date=March 26, 2019}}</ref>

Pelosi has voiced heavy criticism over Israel's plan to [[proposed Israeli annexation of the West Bank|annex parts of the West Bank]] and the [[Jordan Valley]]. She said Israeli annexation would undermine U.S. national security interests.<ref name="jpost-pelosi">{{cite news |title=Israeli annexation will 'undermine US national security interests' – Pelosi |url=https://www.jpost.com/american-politics/israeli-annexation-will-undermine-us-national-security-interests-pelosi-630400 |work=The Jerusalem Post |date=June 6, 2020}}</ref> Pelosi said that Democrats are taking "a great pride" in [[Barack Obama]]'s Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) that Israel signed with the Obama administration in 2016, for a guarantee of $38{{spaces}}billion in defense assistance over a decade.<ref name="jpost-pelosi" />

On January 28, 2024, Pelosi suggested that some [[Israel–Hamas war protests|pro-Palestinian protesters]] calling for a ceasefire in the [[Israel–Hamas war]] could be connected to Russia and called on the [[FBI]] to investigate the possible connection.<ref>{{cite news |title=Pelosi Wants F.B.I. to Investigate Pro-Palestinian Protesters |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/28/us/politics/nancy-pelosi-fbi-russia-gaza-protesters.html |work=The New York Times |date=January 28, 2024}}</ref>

====North Korea====
Nancy Pelosi is one of the few members of Congress to have traveled to [[North Korea]]. She has expressed concern about the danger of nuclear proliferation from the [[Kim dynasty (North Korea)|North Korean regime]], and the ongoing problems of hunger and oppression imposed by that country's leadership.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.c-span.org/video/?444272-1/democrats-back-farm-bill-leader-pelosi |title=Democrats Won't Back Farm Bill, Leader Pelosi Says |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] |access-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-date=October 25, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191025223531/https://www.c-span.org/video/?444272-1%2Fdemocrats-back-farm-bill-leader-pelosi |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.speaker.gov/newsroom/71317-8/ |title=Transcript of Pelosi Press Conference Today—Democratic Leader Nancy Pelosi |date=July 13, 2017 |website=speaker.gov |access-date=July 30, 2022 |archive-date=November 1, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101181701/https://www.speaker.gov/newsroom/71317-8 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In August 2017, following Trump's warning that North Korea "will be met with fire and fury like the world has never seen" in the event of further threats to the United States, Pelosi said the comments were "recklessly belligerent and demonstrate a grave lack of appreciation for the severity of the North Korean nuclear situation. His saber-rattling and provocative, impulsive rhetoric erode our credibility."<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.weeklystandard.com/jenna-lifhits/top-democrats-knock-trump-for-fire-and-fury-threat-against-north-korea |title=Top Democrats Knock Trump for 'Fire and Fury' Threat Against North Korea |date=August 9, 2017 |magazine=[[The Weekly Standard]] |access-date=August 25, 2018 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194858/https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/tag/donald-trump?source=%2Fweekly-standard%2Ftop-democrats-knock-trump-for-fire-and-fury-threat-against-north-korea |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In November 2017, after the Pentagon sent a letter to lawmakers stating a ground invasion was the only way to destroy all [[North Korea and weapons of mass destruction|North Korea's nuclear weapons]] without concern for having missed any, Pelosi said she was concerned about Pyongyang's selling nuclear technology to third parties and called for the United States to "exhaust every other remedy".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cnn.com/2017/11/05/politics/nancy-pelosi-north-korea-cnntv/index.html |title=Pelosi: Must 'exhaust' diplomatic options on North Korea |date=November 5, 2017 |publisher=[[CNN]]|access-date=August 25, 2018 |archive-date=January 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200104235233/https://www.cnn.com/2017/11/05/politics/nancy-pelosi-north-korea-cnntv/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

In June 2018, after Trump praised North Korean leader [[Kim Jong-un]], Pelosi said in a statement, "In his haste to reach an agreement, President Trump elevated North Korea to the level of the United States while preserving the regime's status quo."<ref>{{cite news |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/senate/391787-dem-leaders-hit-trump-on-north-korea-summit/ |title=Dems rip Trump concessions, 'embarrassing' rhetoric with Kim |date=June 12, 2018 |newspaper=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] |access-date=August 25, 2018 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194835/https://thehill.com/homenews/senate/391787-dem-leaders-hit-trump-on-north-korea-summit |url-status=live }}</ref>

====Russia====
[[File:Dmitry Medvedev in the United States 25 June 2010-2.jpeg|thumb|Pelosi meeting with Russian president [[Dmitry Medvedev]], foreign minister [[Sergey Lavrov]], and ambassador [[Sergey Kislyak]], June 2010]]

In December 2017, Pelosi wrote a letter to Speaker Paul Ryan advocating for the continued House investigation into Russian interference in the 2016 election on the grounds that Americans deserved "a comprehensive and fair investigation into Russia's attack" and "America's democracy and national security" being at stake. Pelosi cited the need for Congress to "fully investigate Russia's assault on our election systems to prevent future foreign attacks".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/366138-pelosi-pressures-ryan-to-continue-russia-investigation/ |title=Pelosi demands GOP continue Russia probe |first=Julia |last=Manchester |newspaper=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] |access-date=November 12, 2018 |archive-date=April 22, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190422014716/https://thehill.com/homenews/house/366138-pelosi-pressures-ryan-to-continue-russia-investigation |url-status=live }}</ref>

In February 2018, after the release of a Republican report alleging surveillance abuses by the Justice Department, Pelosi accused Trump of siding with Russian president [[Vladimir Putin]] at the expense of preserving intelligence sources and methods.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/372041-pelosi-nunes-memo-is-a-bouquet-for-putin/ |title=Pelosi: Nunes memo is a 'bouquet' for Putin |date=February 2, 2018 |newspaper=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]}}</ref> In July, Pelosi asserted that Trump was afraid to mention the 12 indictments against people connected to the intelligence community in Russia during his meeting with Putin and questioned what intelligence the Russians had on Trump to cause his behavior.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/397240-pelosi-the-russians-have-something-on-the-president/ |title=Pelosi: 'The Russians have something on the president' |date=July 16, 2018 |newspaper=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] |access-date=August 22, 2018 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194858/https://thehill.com/homenews/house/397240-pelosi-the-russians-have-something-on-the-president |url-status=live }}</ref> She said Putin would not be welcomed by Congress even if he visited Washington as a result of his actions: "Putin's ongoing attacks on our elections and on Western democracies and his illegal actions in Crimea and the rest of Ukraine deserve the fierce, unanimous condemnation of the international community, not a VIP ticket to our nation's capital." She called for House Speaker Ryan to "make clear that there is not—and never will be—an invitation for a thug like Putin to address the United States Congress."<ref>{{cite news |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/398165-pelosi-thug-putin-not-welcome-in-congress/ |title=Pelosi: 'Thug' Putin not welcome in Congress |newspaper=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] |access-date=August 22, 2018 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194903/https://thehill.com/homenews/house/398165-pelosi-thug-putin-not-welcome-in-congress |url-status=live }}</ref>

On multiple occasions, Pelosi said of Trump, "With him, all roads lead to Putin," including with regard to the [[Trump–Ukraine scandal|Trump-Ukraine scandal]],<ref>{{cite news|date=December 6, 2019|title='All roads lead to Putin': Impeachment ties Ukraine, Russia|url=https://apnews.com/article/57518f0072af442af2a43f359f32d541|access-date=March 12, 2021|publisher=[[Associated Press]]}}</ref> a lack of action against the alleged [[Russian bounty program]],<ref>{{cite news|last=Dugyala|first=Rishika|title=Pelosi on Trump: 'With him, all roads lead to Putin'|url=https://www.politico.com/news/2020/06/28/pelosi-putin-trump-russia-afghanistan-342926|access-date=March 12, 2021|website=[[Politico]]}}</ref> and Trump's incitement of the [[January 6 United States Capitol attack]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Did Hillary Clinton Suggest Trump Spoke to Putin During Capitol Riot?|url=https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/clinton-trump-putin-capitol/|access-date=March 12, 2021|website=Snopes.com|date=January 19, 2021}}</ref>

====Syria, Libya, and Afghanistan====
Pelosi supports the [[Syria Accountability Act]] and [[Iran Freedom and Support Act]]. In a speech at the [[American Israel Public Affairs Committee|AIPAC]] 2005 annual conference, Pelosi said that "for too long, leaders from both parties haven't done enough" to put pressure on [[Russia]] and China who are providing [[Iran]] with technological information on nuclear issues and missiles. "If evidence of participation by other nations in Iran's nuclear program is discovered, I will insist that the Administration use, rather than ignore, the evidence in determining how the U.S. deals with that nation or nations on other issues."<ref>{{cite news |title=Nancy Pelosi: Israel, don't fear Dems in Congress |website=Ynetnews |year=2006 |url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3320428,00.html |access-date=January 4, 2007}}</ref> In April 2007, Pelosi visited Syria, where she met Foreign Minister [[Walid Muallem]], Vice President [[Farouk al-Sharaa]] and President [[Bashar Al-Assad]], despite President Bush efforts to isolate Syria, because of militants crossing from Syria into Iraq, and supporting Hezbollah and Hamas.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna17920536 |title=Pelosi shrugs off Bush's criticism, meets Assad |publisher=[[NBC News]] |date=April 4, 2007 |access-date=May 28, 2020 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194851/https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna17920536#.XtA-vDozZPY |url-status=live }}</ref> During her visit, she conveyed Israeli Prime Minister [[Ehud Olmert]] message for peace, and toured in [[Al-Hamidiyah Souq]],<ref>{{cite news |author=Seth Sherwood |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/24/travel/24Syria.html |title=The Road Back to Damascus |website=[[The New York Times]]|date=June 24, 2007 |access-date=January 8, 2021 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194845/https://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/24/travel/24Syria.html |url-status=live }}</ref> and the [[Umayyad Mosque]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/07/washington/07diplo.html |title=As One Syria Trip Draws Fire, Others Draw Silence |website=[[The New York Times]] |date=April 7, 2007 |access-date=May 28, 2020 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194844/https://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/07/washington/07diplo.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

Pelosi supported the NATO-led [[2011 military intervention in Libya|military intervention in Libya]] in 2011.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/blogs/nov05election/detail?entry_id=85608 |title=Nancy Pelosi Stands by Obama on Libya |work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]] |date=March 23, 2011 |access-date=December 13, 2018 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194844/https://blog.sfgate.com/politics/2011/03/23/nancy-pelosi-stands-by-obama-on-libya/ |url-status=live }}</ref> She also favored arming [[Timber Sycamore|Syria's rebel fighters]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Who to Blame If Arming the Syrian Rebels Goes Wrong |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2014/09/who-to-blame-if-arming-syrian-rebels-goes-wrong/380411/ |work=[[The Atlantic]] |date=September 18, 2014 |access-date=December 13, 2018 |archive-date=May 12, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190512184447/https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2014/09/who-to-blame-if-arming-syrian-rebels-goes-wrong/380411/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

In January 2019, Pelosi criticized President Trump's planned withdrawal of [[American-led intervention in the Syrian Civil War|U.S. troops from Syria]] and [[War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)|Afghanistan]]. She called Trump's announcement a "Christmas gift to Vladimir Putin".<ref>{{cite news |title=Are Democrats Hypocrites for Criticizing Trump's Troop Withdrawals? |url=https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2018/12/democrats-and-trumps-troop-withdrawals-is-the-criticism-hypocritical.html |first=Joshua |last=Keating |work=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]] |date=December 21, 2018 |access-date=January 14, 2019 |archive-date=November 1, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191101214450/https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2018/12/democrats-and-trumps-troop-withdrawals-is-the-criticism-hypocritical.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In an October 2019 letter to Democratic caucus members, Pelosi wrote that both parties were condemning President Trump's deserting the US's "Kurdish allies in a foolish attempt to appease an authoritarian strongman" [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan]] of [[Turkey]] and opined that the decision "poses a dire threat to regional security and stability, and sends a dangerous message to Iran and Russia, as well as our allies, that the United States is no longer a trusted partner".<ref>{{cite news|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/464906-pelosi-accuses-trump-of-deserting-kurds-in-foolish-attempt-to-appease-an/|title=Pelosi accuses Trump of deserting Kurds in 'foolish attempt to appease an authoritarian strongman'|first=Juliegrace|last=Brufke|date=October 8, 2019|newspaper=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]|access-date=October 16, 2019|archive-date=November 19, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191119120745/https://thehill.com/homenews/house/464906-pelosi-accuses-trump-of-deserting-kurds-in-foolish-attempt-to-appease-an|url-status=live}}</ref> Later that month, she visited [[Jordan]] to discuss the Syrian situation with King [[Abdullah II]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.arabnews.com/node/1571491/middle-east |title=Pelosi in Jordan for 'vital discussions' amid Syria crisis |website=Arab News |date=October 20, 2019 |access-date=May 28, 2020 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194853/https://www.arabnews.com/node/1571491/middle-east |url-status=live }}</ref> Afterwards, she went to Afghanistan, where she met President [[Ashraf Ghani]] and chief executive officer [[Abdullah Abdullah]], and she was also briefed by U.S. diplomats on reconciliation efforts with the [[Taliban]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-afghanistan-pelosi/u-s-house-speaker-pelosi-makes-unannounced-visit-to-afghanistan-idUSKBN1X003V |title=U.S. House speaker Pelosi makes unannounced visit to Afghanistan |publisher=[[Reuters]]|date=October 21, 2019 |access-date=May 28, 2020 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194849/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-afghanistan-pelosi/u-s-house-speaker-pelosi-makes-unannounced-visit-to-afghanistan-idUSKBN1X003V |url-status=live }}</ref>

====Turkey====
In mid-October 2007, after the House Foreign Affairs Committee passed a resolution to label [[Armenian genocide|the 1915 killing of Armenians by Ottoman Turks]] as genocide, Pelosi pledged to bring the measure to a vote.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.voanews.com/english/2007-10-11-voa71.cfm |title=US House Speaker: Armenian Genocide Measure Will Go Forward |access-date=October 11, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013022525/http://www.voanews.com/english/2007-10-11-voa71.cfm |archive-date=October 13, 2007}}</ref> The draft resolution prompted warnings from President Bush and fierce criticism from Turkey, with Turkey's Prime Minister saying that approval of the resolution would endanger U.S.–Turkey relations.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idUKL1262442020071012 |title=Turkey's PM says U.S. relations in danger |access-date=October 12, 2007 |date=October 12, 2007 |publisher=[[Reuters]]|archive-date=October 13, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013151132/http://uk.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idUKL1262442020071012 |url-status=dead }}</ref> After House support eroded, the measure's sponsors dropped their call for a vote, and in late October Pelosi agreed to set the matter aside.<ref>{{cite news |first=Diedre |last=Walsh |title=Vote on Armenian 'genocide' resolution put off |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2007/WORLD/meast/10/25/us.turkey/ |publisher=[[CNN]]|date=October 25, 2007 |access-date=October 29, 2007 |archive-date=December 4, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191204214712/http://edition.cnn.com/2007/WORLD/meast/10/25/us.turkey/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

The resolution was passed during Pelosi's second term as Speaker. The House voted 405 to 11 in October 2019 to confirm the resolution.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/29/us/politics/armenian-genocide-resolution.html|title=House Passes Resolution Recognizing Armenian Genocide|last1=Edmondson|first1=Catie|date=October 29, 2019|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=November 14, 2019|last2=Gladstone|first2=Rick|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=November 30, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191130164434/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/29/us/politics/armenian-genocide-resolution.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

====Ukraine====
On April 30, 2022, Pelosi met with President [[Volodymyr Zelenskyy]] in [[Kyiv]], to pledge U.S. support for Ukraine during the [[2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine|Russian invasion]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.speaker.gov/newsroom/5122 |title=Pelosi, Congressional Delegation Statement on Visit to Kyiv, Ukraine |website=speaker.gov |date=May 1, 2022 |access-date=May 2, 2022 |archive-date=September 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220916051307/https://www.speaker.gov/newsroom/5122 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2022/05/01/pelosi-concludes-secret-visit-to-ukraine-00029154 |title=Pelosi concludes secret visit to Ukraine |last1=Ward |first1=Alexander |last2=Desiderio |first2=Andrew |last3=Ferris |first3=Sarah |website=[[Politico]]|date=May 1, 2022 |access-date=August 20, 2022}}</ref>

====Gaza====
After the [[World Central Kitchen drone strikes|drone strikes on aid workers from World Central Kitchen]] in April 2024, Pelosi, [[Mark Pocan]], [[James P. McGovern]], [[Jan Schakowsky]], and 36 other Congressional Democrats urged President Biden in an open letter to reconsider planned arms shipments to the Israeli military.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pelosi, Democratic lawmakers urge Biden to put conditions on military aid to Israel |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/4578465-pelosi-democratic-lawmakers-urge-biden-conditions-israel-military-aid/ |date=6 April 2024 |website=thehill.com |access-date=7 April 2024}}</ref><ref>[https://pocan.house.gov/sites/evo-subsites/pocan.house.gov/files/evo-media-document FINAL Letter to Biden Admin re WCK Airstrike and Arms Transfers]{{Dead link|date=August 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} (5 April 2024, pocan.house.gov)</ref>

== Public image ==
Pelosi has often been described as a polarizing figure, facing criticism from both the political right and left. [[Progressivism in the United States|Progressives]] have criticized her for her knowledge of [[waterboarding]] and other enhanced interrogation techniques during the [[War on terror|War on Terror]], accusing her of not objecting strongly enough to these practices.<ref name=":3">{{Cite news |last=Donegan |first=Moira |date=2022-11-18 |title=Nancy Pelosi, a hate figure to right and left, is a political virtuoso who defined her era |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2022/nov/18/nancy-pelosi-hate-figure-right-left-political-virtuoso |access-date=2024-08-02 |work=The Guardian|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> [[Conservatism in the United States|Conservatives]] and [[Libertarianism in the United States|libertarians]] have taken issue with her positions on [[Right to keep and bear arms|gun rights]], viewing her advocacy for [[gun control]] as an infringement on [[Second Amendment to the United States Constitution|Second Amendment]] rights.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hutzler |first=Alexandra |title=House Democrats pass a ban on assault weapons |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/house-vote-bill-banning-assault-weapons/story?id=87628799 |access-date=2024-08-02 |website=ABC News}}</ref> They have also criticized her stance on [[Taxation in the United States|taxation]], particularly her support for higher taxes on the wealthy and corporations to fund social programs.<ref name=":3" /> Pelosi's role in leading the House to impeach President [[Donald Trump]] twice has drawn significant criticism from Trump supporters and Republicans, who perceived the impeachments as politically motivated and divisive.<ref name=":3" /><ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-01-11 |title=Trump impeachment move: Democrats start push to oust US president |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-55622326 |access-date=2024-08-02}}</ref>

Pelosi has faced allegations of using her position for [[insider trading]], particularly concerning stock transactions that critics claim were influenced by her legislative knowledge.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-06 |title=Nancy Pelosi has made 20 times her salary in just one trade |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/nancy-pelosi-made-20-times-065422895.html |access-date=2024-08-02 |website=Yahoo Finance}}</ref> Critics have also depicted her as a symbol of [[Liberal elite|liberal elitism]], pointing to her strong opposition to [[Populism in the United States|populism]] and comments suggesting that some Americans reject Democratic policies due to their beliefs about "guns, gays, [and] God".<ref name=":3" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Morris |first=Kyle |date=2024-05-11 |title=Pelosi rebuked to her face during Oxford debate after condemning Americans clouded by 'guns, gays, God' |url=https://www.foxnews.com/politics/pelosi-rebuked-oxford-debate-condemning-americans-clouded-guns-gays-god |access-date=2024-08-02 |website=Fox News}}</ref> During the [[COVID-19 pandemic]], Pelosi was accused of hypocrisy when she had her hair styled at a salon that was supposed to be closed for indoor appointments due to health restrictions, with critics alleging she used her position to receive preferential treatment.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bartash |first=Caleigh |title=Looking back at Nancy Pelosi's accomplishments and controversies during her House leadership |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/nancy-pelosis-accomplishments-controversies-house-leadership/story?id=93502266 |access-date=2024-08-02 |website=ABC News}}</ref>

==Electoral history==

{{Main|Electoral history of Nancy Pelosi}}
[[File:Nancy pelosi drive.JPG|thumb|The city of [[San Francisco]] named a street in [[Golden Gate Park]] in honor of Pelosi after her many years representing the city in [[United States Congress|Congress]].]]

Pelosi's only close race so far has been in the special election to succeed U.S. Representative [[Sala Burton]] after her death in February 1987. Pelosi defeated San Francisco Supervisor [[Harry Britt]] in the Democratic primary with 36 percent of the vote to his 32 percent,<ref name="nationnewface" /><ref>{{cite news |first=Robert |last=Lindsey |title=House race in west goes to runoff |date=April 9, 1987 |work=[[The New York Times]]}} Accessed via LexisNexis.</ref> then Republican Harriet Ross by more than 2-to-1.<ref>{{cite news |title=Nancy Pelosi Wins House Seat |date=June 3, 1987 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]}} Accessed via LexisNexis.</ref> Since then, Pelosi has enjoyed overwhelming support in her political career, collecting 76 and 77 percent of the vote in {{ushr|California|5|}} 1988 and 1990. In 1992, after the redistricting from the [[1990 United States census|1990 census]], Pelosi ran in {{ushr|California|8|}}, which now covered the San Francisco area. She has continued to post landslide victories since, dropping beneath 80 percent of the vote only three times in general elections. After redistricting from the [[2010 United States census|2010 census]], Pelosi ran in {{ushr|California|12|}}, which she represented for the next decade. Due to the [[2020 United States redistricting cycle]] from the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], Pelosi now represents {{ushr|California|11|}}, which covers San Francisco.<ref>{{cite news |title=California 11th Congressional District Primary Election Results |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2022/06/07/us/elections/results-california-us-house-district-11.html| date=June 21, 2022 |work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=October 14, 2022}}</ref>

==Personal life==
[[File:Speaker-Nancy-Pelosi-LBJ-Library.jpg|thumb|Pelosi at the [[Lyndon Baines Johnson Library and Museum|LBJ Presidential Library]] in 2022]]
Nancy D'Alesandro met [[Paul Pelosi|Paul Francis Pelosi]] while she was attending college.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.house.gov/pelosi/prGeorgetown051802.htm |title=Pelosi: Remarks at Georgetown University School of Foreign Commencement |website=House.gov |date=May 18, 2002 |access-date=June 14, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080804042040/http://www.house.gov/pelosi/prGeorgetown051802.htm |archive-date=August 4, 2008}}</ref> They married in Baltimore at the [[Cathedral of Mary Our Queen, Baltimore|Cathedral of Mary Our Queen]] on September 7, 1963.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/1995/02/04/baltimore-bred-lawmaker-lives-breathes-politics/|title=Baltimore-bred lawmaker lives, breathes politics|date=February 4, 1995|access-date=December 10, 2011|work=[[The Baltimore Sun]]|first=Margaret|last=McManus|archive-date=December 3, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121203010933/http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1995-02-04/features/1995035107_1_dalesandro-pelosi-consummate-politician/2|url-status=live}}</ref> They then moved to New York, followed by a move to San Francisco in 1969, where her husband's brother [[Ron Pelosi|Ronald Pelosi]] was a member of the [[City and County of San Francisco]]'s [[Board of Supervisors]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Board of Supervisors: Past Supervisors |publisher=City and County of San Francisco |url=http://www.ci.sf.ca.us/site/bdsupvrs_index.asp?id=26925 |access-date=November 19, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081114004327/http://www.ci.sf.ca.us/site/bdsupvrs_index.asp?id=26925 |archive-date=November 14, 2008 }}</ref>

Nancy and Paul Pelosi have five children, including [[Christine Pelosi|Christine]] and [[Alexandra Pelosi|Alexandra]], and nine grandchildren.<ref>{{cite tweet |user=ABCPolitics |number=1083852879922847744 |title=Speaker Nancy Pelosi: "I'm the mother of five, grandmother of nine. I know a temper tantrum when I see one." |date=January 11, 2019 |access-date=January 19, 2019}}</ref> Alexandra, a journalist, covered the Republican presidential campaigns in 2000 and made a film about the experience, ''[[Journeys with George]]''. In 2007, Christine published a book, ''Campaign Boot Camp: Basic Training for Future Leaders''.<ref>{{cite news |first=Sam |last=Whiting |title=Christine Pelosi's boot camp trains future politicians to avoid the campaign minefield |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2008/02/03/CM1UUF1RH.DTL&feed=rss.swhiting |work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]] |date=February 3, 2008 |access-date=October 24, 2008 }}</ref>

Pelosi resides in the [[Pacific Heights, San Francisco, California|Pacific Heights]] neighborhood of San Francisco.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/is-this-a-wall-around-nancy-pelosis-home/|title=Is This a Wall Around Nancy Pelosi's Home?|website=Snopes|last=Evon|first=Dan|date=February 16, 2018|access-date=June 24, 2018|archive-date=December 24, 2018|archive-url=https://archive.today/20181224054821/https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/is-this-a-wall-around-nancy-pelosis-home/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/13/washington/13pelosi.html|title=Home in San Francisco, Pelosi Gets the Crawford Treatment|last=McKinley|first=Jesse|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=March 13, 2007|access-date=June 24, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081211220014/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/13/washington/13pelosi.html|archive-date=December 11, 2008|url-status=live}}</ref> Her 2016 financial disclosure report lists among her assets a combined home and vineyard in [[St. Helena, California]], two commercial buildings in San Francisco, and a townhouse in [[Loomis, California]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2016/10015814.pdf|title=Financial Disclosure Report, Hon. Nancy Pelosi|publisher=Office of the Clerk, United States House of Representatives|access-date=June 24, 2018|date=May 15, 2017}}</ref> In January 2021, her San Francisco home was vandalized with graffiti, messages of "[c]ancel rent" were left on her garage, along with fake blood and a severed pig's head.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2021/01/01/report-pelosi-san-francisco-home-vandalized-graffiti-apparent-pigs-head/|title=Nancy Pelosi's San Francisco Home Vandalized With Graffiti, Severed Pig's Head|first=Katie|last=Nielsen|publisher=[[KPIX-TV]]|date=January 1, 2021|access-date=January 2, 2021|archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194842/https://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2021/01/03/report-pelosi-san-francisco-home-vandalized-graffiti-apparent-pigs-head/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/vandals-trash-nancy-pelosis-garage-with-pig-head-stimulus-demand|title=Vandals Trash Pelosi's Garage With Pig Head, Stimulus Demand|first=Adam|last=Rawnsley|work=[[The Daily Beast]]|date=January 1, 2021|access-date=January 2, 2021|archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194843/https://www.thedailybeast.com/vandals-trash-nancy-pelosis-garage-with-pig-head-stimulus-demand|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Financial status===
Pelosi's husband, Paul, is a wealthy investor and the primary source of the couple's wealth.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Rouan |first1=Rick |title=Fact check: No, House Speaker Nancy Pelosi isn't worth $196 million |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/factcheck/2021/03/16/fact-check-house-speaker-nancy-pelosis-net-worth-inflated-meme/4707087001/ |work=USA Today |date=March 16, 2021}}</ref> In 2009, [[OpenSecrets]] estimated Pelosi's net worth at $58 million, making her the 13th-wealthiest member of Congress.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.opensecrets.org/pfds/overview.php?type=W&filter=C&sort=D&ptysort=A&year=2009|title=Net Worth, 2009|publisher=[[OpenSecrets]] |access-date=January 31, 2017|archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194858/http://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/top-net-worth?type=W&filter=C&sort=D&ptysort=A&year=2009|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2014, OpenSecrets reported Pelosi's net worth had almost doubled, to about $101 million, making her the 8th-wealthiest.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.opensecrets.org/pfds/overview.php|title=Net Worth, 2014|publisher=[[OpenSecrets]] |access-date=January 31, 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170130195153/http://www.opensecrets.org/pfds/overview.php|archive-date=January 30, 2017}}</ref> ''Business Insider'' reported that Pelosi's net worth was $26.4{{spaces}}million in 2012 and made her the 13th-richest member of Congress.<ref name="Hickey">{{cite news |last=Hickey |first=Walter |title=The 15 Richest Members Of Congress |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/richest-members-of-congress-the-hill-2012-8#13-rep-nancy-pelosi-d-calif-is-worth-264-million-3 |date=August 23, 2012 |work=[[Business Insider]] |access-date=January 31, 2017 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194922/https://www.businessinsider.com/richest-members-of-congress-the-hill-2012-8#13-rep-nancy-pelosi-d-calif-is-worth-264-million-3 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2018, ''Roll Call'' estimated Pelosi's net worth at $16.0{{spaces}}million, making her the 30th-wealthiest member.<ref name="Roll Call Wealth of Congress Index 2014">{{cite web |author1=Paul V. Fontelo |author2=David Hawkings|title=Ranking the Net Worth of the 115th|url=http://media.cq.com/50Richest/|website=Roll Call|date=2014|access-date=January 31, 2017|archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194835/https://www.rollcall.com/wealth-of-congress/ |language=en |url-status=dead}}</ref>

''Roll Call'' said Pelosi's earnings are connected to her husband's heavy investments in stocks that include [[Apple (Company)|Apple]], [[Disney]], [[Comcast]] and [[Facebook]]. ''Roll Call'' reported that the couple have $13.46{{spaces}}million in liabilities including mortgages on seven properties. According to ''Roll Call'', Pelosi and her husband hold properties "worth at least $23{{spaces}}million, including a St. Helena vineyard in [[Napa Valley]] worth at least $5{{spaces}}million."<ref name="Roll Call Wealth of Congress Index 2014" />

As of 2021, Pelosi's net worth was valued at $120 million, making her the 6th richest person in Congress. According to journalist [[Glenn Greenwald]], the Pelosis have traded $33 million worth of tech stocks over the past two years, including Apple, [[Amazon (company)|Amazon]], [[Microsoft]], Facebook, and [[Google]] stocks.<ref>{{Cite web|title=How Rich Is Nancy Pelosi?|url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/rich-nancy-pelosi-210041125.html|access-date=October 31, 2021 |publisher=[[Yahoo! Finance]] |date=July 22, 2021}}</ref> In May and June 2021, Pelosi's husband purchased stocks in tech companies such as [[Alphabet Inc.|Alphabet]], Amazon, and Apple, netting a gain of $5.3 million. This occurred even while Speaker Pelosi was working on anti-trust legislation to better regulate the tech industry.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nancy Pelosi's husband makes $5.3 million on timely bets|url=https://fortune.com/2021/07/08/house-speaker-nancy-pelosi-husband-paul-big-tech-stocks/|access-date=October 31, 2021|website=[[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]]}}</ref> The CEO of Apple, [[Tim Cook]], had called Pelosi to lobby her in opposition to the new regulations.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Schnell|first=Mychael|date=June 23, 2021|title=Tim Cook called Pelosi to say tech antitrust bills were rushed|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/559959-tim-cook-called-pelosi-to-say-tech-antitrust-bills-were-rushed/|access-date=October 31, 2021|website=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]}}</ref> Pelosi opposes increasing regulations on stock trades by members of congress, stating that "we're a free market economy" and congresspeople "should be able to participate in that".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2021/12/15/house-speaker-nancy-pelosi-opposes-banning-stock-buys-by-congress-members.html|title=House Speaker Nancy Pelosi opposes banning Congress members from owning individual stocks: 'We're a free market economy'|access-date=December 16, 2021|date=December 15, 2021|publisher=[[NBC News]]|author=Dan Mangan}}</ref> This comment drew strong criticism, including from Democrats who favor banning stock trades by members of Congress.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/586499-pelosi-faces-pushback-over-stock-trade-defense/|title=Pelosi faces pushback over stock trade defense|access-date=January 11, 2022|date=December 21, 2021|work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]|author=Christina Marcos}}</ref>

===Involvement in Italian-American community===

Pelosi is a board member of the [[National Organization of Italian American Women]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Board Members|url=http://www.noiaw.org/ct/html/ta/me/about-noiaw/board-members/ti/board-members|access-date=October 6, 2013|quote=Distinguished Board Member|publisher=[[National Organization of Italian American Women]]|archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194911/https://www.noiaw.org/board-members/|url-status=live}}</ref> She served for 13 years as a board member of the National Italian American Foundation (NIAF). In 2007, she received the NIAF Special Achievement Award for Public Advocacy and remains involved in the foundation.

===Catholic church===

Pelosi considers herself a devout Catholic, but she has had numerous disagreements with members of the church hierarchy over gay rights, abortion, contraception, and in vitro fertilization. She has said that her biggest disappointment was the church's lobbying against the Affordable Care Act because of contraception coverage.<ref name="Calmes LATimes">{{cite news |last1=Calmes |first1=Jackie |title=Column: Nancy Pelosi's indelible mark |url=https://www.latimes.com/opinion/story/2022-12-23/nancy-pelosi-capitol-board-of-education-room |access-date=April 22, 2023 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=December 23, 2022}}</ref>

Pelosi and Catholic bishops have also disagreed about [[abortion]] rights. Although she thought it was "lovely" that she had five children in a little over six years, she argued that "It's a woman's right to make her own choices with her family, her God, her doctor."<ref name="Calmes LATimes" />

On May 20, 2022, [[Salvatore Cordileone]], [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of San Francisco|archbishop of San Francisco]], announced that Pelosi would be barred from receiving [[Holy Communion]] because of her support of [[Abortion-rights movements|pro-choice]] abortion policies.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.foxnews.com/politics/san-francisco-archbishop-pelosi-communion-abortion-support?intcmp=tw_fnc|title=San Francisco archbishop bars Pelosi from receiving Holy Communion due to abortion support|date=May 20, 2022|access-date=May 20, 2022|work=[[Fox News]]|first=Adam|last=Shaw}}</ref> Cordileone had communicated his concerns on April 7, 2022, writing, "should you not publicly repudiate your advocacy for abortion 'rights' or else refrain from referring to your Catholic faith in public and receiving Holy Communion, I would have no choice but to make a declaration, in keeping with [[Canon 915]], that you are not to be admitted to Holy Communion."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ncregister.com/news/full-text-archbishop-cordileone-s-letter-to-nancy-pelosi-banning-her-from-holy-communion|title= Full Text: Archbishop Cordileone's Letter to Nancy Pelosi Banning Her From Holy Communion|date=May 19, 2022|access-date=May 20, 2022|first=Salvatore|last=Cordileone}}</ref>

On June 29, 2022, Pelosi received Communion at a Papal Mass presided over by [[Pope Francis]] in Rome at [[St. Peter's Basilica]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 29, 2022 |title=Pelosi receives Communion in Vatican amid abortion debate|first=Nicole|last=Winfield |url=https://apnews.com/article/abortion-pope-francis-politics-religion-nancy-pelosi-249a32b2af9de647f1bae94aacb60c6e |access-date=July 2, 2022 |website=[[Associated Press|AP News]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Nancy Pelosi takes Communion in Vatican despite her support of abortion rights |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nancy-pelosi-takes-communion-vatican-pope-francis/ |access-date=July 2, 2022 |publisher=[[CBS News]]|first=Christopher|last=Brito |date=June 29, 2022}}</ref>

===Home invasion===
{{Main article|Attack on Paul Pelosi}}

In October 2022, while Pelosi was in Washington, D.C., an intruder entered her San Francisco home demanding to know her whereabouts, and attacked her husband, Paul Pelosi, with a hammer. Police arrested a suspect, 42-year-old David DePape, at the scene. He has been charged federally with attempting to kidnap Nancy Pelosi and assaulting a relative of a federal official, as well as six state charges.<ref name="NYT1031">{{cite news |last1=Thrush |first1=Glenn |last2=Browning |first2=Kellen |last3=Vander Ploeg |first3=Luke |title=Intruder Wanted to Break Speaker Pelosi's Kneecaps, Federal Complaint Says |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=October 31, 2022 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/10/31/us/pelosi-home-attack-suspect-charged.html |accessdate=October 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101000509/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/10/31/us/pelosi-home-attack-suspect-charged.html |archive-date=November 1, 2022}}</ref>

===Health===
In December 2024, Pelosi was hospitalized after fracturing her hip while falling down stairs in high heels during an official trip to [[Luxembourg]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Grayer |first=Annie |date=December 13, 2024 |title=Pelosi admitted to a hospital in Luxembourg after sustaining injury |url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/12/13/politics/pelosi-hospital-injury?cid=ios_app |work=CNN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Karni |first1=Annie |last2=Hubler |first2=Shawn |title= Pelosi Hospitalized in Luxembourg After Falling |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=December 13, 2024 |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2024/12/13/us/politics/nancy-pelosi-hospitalized-luxembourg-falling.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Nancy Pelosi in hospital after injury on overseas trip |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c1wq3jld884o |access-date=2024-12-13 |website=www.bbc.com |language=en-GB}}</ref> She was there as part of bipartisan [[congressional delegation]] to observe the 80th anniversary of the [[Battle of the Bulge]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-12-13 |title=Nancy Pelosi hospitalized after she 'sustained an injury' from fall on official trip to Luxembourg |url=https://apnews.com/article/nancy-pelosi-injury-hospital-luxembourg-d55392b1dd9ebc2af77795bb46e364ed |access-date=2024-12-20 |website=AP News |language=en}}</ref> On December 14, she underwent hip replacement surgery at [[Landstuhl Regional Medical Center]], a U.S. military hospital in [[Germany]].<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Jalonick |first1=Mary Clare |last2=Mascaro |first2=Lisa |date=December 14, 2024 |title=Pelosi has hip replacement surgery at a US military hospital in Germany after a fall |url=https://apnews.com/article/pelosi-hip-replacement-surgery-fall-germany-b01379d1f1124dcd3cf41c789dae4a58 |access-date=December 14, 2024 |website=Associated Press}}</ref>

== Books ==
* {{Cite book |last1=Pelosi |first1=Nancy |last2=Hearth |first2=Amy Hill |date=July 29, 2008 |title=Know Your Power: A Message to America's Daughters |title-link=Know Your Power |edition=1st |location=New York |publisher=Doubleday |isbn=9780385525862 |oclc=259266145}} At the [https://archive.org/details/knowyourpowermes00pelo Internet Archive] {{registration required}}.
* {{Cite book |last=Pelosi |first=Nancy |date=August 6, 2024 |title=The Art of Power: My Story as America's First Woman Speaker of the House |title-link=The Art of Power |location=New York |publisher=Simon & Schuster |isbn=9781668048047 |oclc=1449552548}}

==Honors and decorations==
{{Main|List of awards and honors received by Nancy Pelosi}}

==See also==
* [[Electoral history of Nancy Pelosi]]
* [[List of female speakers of legislatures in the United States]]
* [[Women in the United States House of Representatives]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
{{Refbegin}}
* {{cite book |last=Ball |first=Molly |title=Pelosi |year=2020 |publication-place=New York |publisher=Henry Holt and Company |isbn=978-1-250-25286-9 |oclc=1119760070}}
* {{cite book |last1=Bzdek |first1=Vincent |title=Woman of the house: the rise of Nancy Pelosi |url=https://archive.org/details/womanofhouse00vinc |url-access=registration |date=2008 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=9780230610873 |edition=1st}}
* {{cite journal |last1=Dabbous |first1=Yasmine |last2=Ladley |first2=Amy |title=A spine of steel and a heart of gold: newspaper coverage of the first female Speaker of the House |journal=Journal of Gender Studies |date=June 2010 |volume=19 |issue=2 |pages=181–194 |doi=10.1080/09589231003695971|s2cid=145462188 |issn=0958-9236}}
* {{cite book |last1=McElroy |first1=Lisa Tucker |title=Nancy Pelosi: first woman Speaker of the House |date=2007 |publisher=Lerner |isbn=9781580136280}}
* {{Cite book |last=Page |first=Susan |year=2021 |title=Madam Speaker: Nancy Pelosi and the Lessons of Power |location=New York |publisher=Twelve |isbn=978-1-5387-5069-8 |oclc=1245231617}}
* {{cite book | last1=Peters | first1=Ronald M. Jr. |last2=Rosenthal |first2=Cindy Simon |title=Speaker Nancy Pelosi and the new American politics |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780195383737 |url-access=registration |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780199750764|date=April 16, 2010 }}
* {{cite book |last1=Povich |first1=Elaine S. |title=Nancy Pelosi: a biography |date=2008 |publisher=Greenwood Press |isbn=9780313345708 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/nancypelosibiogr0000povi }}
* {{cite book |last1=Rafter |first1=Dan |title=Female Force: Nancy Pelosi |date=2015 |publisher=StormFront Entertainment |isbn=9781311355287}}
* {{cite book |last1=Sandalow |first1=Marc |title=Madam Speaker: Nancy Pelosi's life, times, and rise to power |date=2008 |publisher=Modern Times |isbn=9781594868078 |url=https://archive.org/details/madamspeakernanc00sand }}
* {{cite book |last1=Schweizer |first1=Rochelle |title=She's the boss: the disturbing truth about Nancy Pelosi |date=2010 |publisher=Penguin |isbn=9781101443514}}
* {{cite book |last1=Shichtman |first1=Sandra H. |title=Political profiles: Nancy Pelosi |date=2007 |publisher=Morgan Reynolds Pub |isbn=9781599350493}}
{{Refend}}

==External links==
{{sister project links|wikt=no|b=no|q=Nancy Pelosi|s=Author:Nancy Patricia D'Alesandro Pelosi|commons=Nancy Pelosi|n=Category:Nancy Pelosi|v=no|species=no|d=Q170581}}
* [https://pelosi.house.gov Congresswoman Nancy Pelosi] official U.S. House website
* [http://www.pelosiforcongress.org/ Nancy Pelosi for Congress] campaign website
* {{C-SPAN|6153}}
{{CongLinks | congbio=P000197 | votesmart=26732 | fec=H8CA05035 | congress=nancy-pelosi/905 }}
* [http://www.makers.com/nancy-pelosi Nancy Pelosi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170626182453/http://www.makers.com/nancy-pelosi |date=June 26, 2017 }} Video produced by ''[[Makers: Women Who Make America]]''

===Articles===
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070419111759/http://www.trinitydc.edu/news_events/2006/1007_pelosi.php "Trinity Graduates Win Re-election: House Democratic Leader Nancy Pelosi '62 Poised to Become Speaker, Kansas Governor Kathleen Sebelius '70 Wins Second Term"], [[Trinity Washington University]], November 8, 2006
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20061018044313/http://msnbc.msn.com/id/15268408/site/newsweek/ "Rolling With Pelosi"], ''[[Newsweek]]'', October 23, 2006
* [http://sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2006/04/03/MNGN8I2DKT1.DTL "Pelosi mines 'California gold' for Dems nationwide: Personal skills, wide network of wealthy donors help party's House leader gather millions"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061231225224/http://sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2006/04/03/MNGN8I2DKT1.DTL |date=December 31, 2006 }}, ''[[San Francisco Chronicle]]'', April 3, 2006
* [http://economist.com/world/na/displaystory.cfm?story_id=8742850 "Pelosi rides high"], ''[[The Economist]]'', February 22, 2007
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070304052600/http://www.msmagazine.com/winter2007/speakerlookslike.asp "This Is What a Speaker Looks Like"], Winter 2007 cover story, ''[[Ms. magazine|Ms.]]''
* [https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2020/03/25/how-nancy-pelosis-unlikely-rise-turned-her-into-most-powerful-woman-us-history/ "Opinion | How Nancy Pelosi's unlikely rise turned her into the most powerful woman in U.S. history: A troublemaker with a gavel"], by [[Karen Tumulty]], ''[[The Washington Post]]'', March 25, 2020

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Latest revision as of 05:32, 24 December 2024

Nancy Pelosi
Official portrait, 2019
52nd Speaker of the United States House of Representatives
In office
January 3, 2019 – January 3, 2023
Preceded byPaul Ryan
Succeeded byKevin McCarthy
In office
January 4, 2007 – January 3, 2011
Preceded byDennis Hastert
Succeeded byJohn Boehner
House Minority Leader
In office
January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2019
WhipSteny Hoyer
Preceded byJohn Boehner
Succeeded byKevin McCarthy
In office
January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2007
WhipSteny Hoyer
Preceded byDick Gephardt
Succeeded byJohn Boehner
Leader of the House Democratic Caucus
In office
January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2023
DeputySteny Hoyer
Preceded byDick Gephardt
Succeeded byHakeem Jeffries
House Minority Whip
In office
January 15, 2002 – January 3, 2003
LeaderDick Gephardt
Preceded byDavid Bonior
Succeeded bySteny Hoyer
Member of the
U.S. House of Representatives
from California
Assumed office
June 2, 1987
Preceded bySala Burton
Constituency
Chair of the California Democratic Party
In office
February 27, 1981 – April 3, 1983
Preceded byRichard J. O'Neill
Succeeded byPeter Kelly
Personal details
Born
Nancy Patricia D'Alesandro

(1940-03-26) March 26, 1940 (age 84)
Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.
Political partyDemocratic
Spouse
(m. 1963)
Children5, including Christine and Alexandra
Parent
RelativesThomas D'Alesandro III (brother)
Residence(s)San Francisco, California, U.S.
EducationTrinity College, Washington (BA)
AwardsPresidential Medal of Freedom (2024)
SignatureCursive signature in ink
WebsiteHouse website

Nancy Patricia Pelosi (/pəˈlsi/ pə-LOH-see; née D'Alesandro; born March 26, 1940) is an American politician who served as the 52nd speaker of the United States House of Representatives from 2007 to 2011 and again from 2019 to 2023. A member of the Democratic Party, she was the first woman elected as U.S. House Speaker and the first woman to lead a major political party in either chamber of Congress, leading the House Democrats from 2003 to 2023. A member of the House since 1987, Pelosi currently represents California's 11th congressional district, which includes most of San Francisco. She is the dean of California's congressional delegation.

Pelosi was born and raised in Baltimore, and is the daughter of mayor and congressman Thomas D'Alesandro Jr. She graduated from Trinity College, Washington, in 1962 and married businessman Paul Pelosi the next year; the two had met while both were students. They moved to New York City before settling down in San Francisco with their children. Focused on raising her family, Pelosi stepped into politics as a volunteer for the Democratic Party in the 1960s. After years of party work, rising to chair the state party, she was first elected to Congress in a 1987 special election and is now in her 19th term. Pelosi steadily rose through the ranks of the House Democratic Caucus to be elected House minority whip in 2001[1] and elevated to House minority leader a year later,[2] becoming the first woman to hold each of those positions in either chamber of Congress.

In the 2006 midterm elections, Pelosi led the Democrats to a majority in the House for the first time in 12 years and was subsequently elected Speaker, becoming the first woman to hold the office.[3] Until Kamala Harris became vice president in 2021, Pelosi was the highest-ranking woman in the presidential line of succession in U.S. history, as the speaker of the House is second in the line of succession. During her first speakership, Pelosi was a major opponent of the Iraq War as well as the Bush administration's attempts to partially privatize Social Security. She participated in the passage of the Obama administration's landmark bills, including the Affordable Care Act, the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, the Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Act, the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, and the 2010 Tax Relief Act. Pelosi lost the speakership after the Republican Party retook the majority in the 2010 midterm elections, but she retained her role as leader of the House Democrats and became House minority leader for a second time.

In the 2018 midterm elections, Democrats regained majority control of the House, and Pelosi was again elected Speaker, becoming the first former speaker to reclaim the gavel since Sam Rayburn in 1955. During her second speakership, the House twice impeached President Donald Trump, first in December 2019 and again in January 2021; the Senate acquitted Trump both times. She participated in the passage of the Biden administration's landmark bills, including the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021, the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, the CHIPS and Science Act, the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022, and the Respect for Marriage Act. In the 2022 midterm elections, Republicans narrowly regained control of the House for the new Congress, ending her tenure as speaker. She subsequently retired as House Democratic leader. On November 29, 2022, the Steering and Policy Committee of the House Democratic Caucus named Pelosi "Speaker Emerita". She was reelected in 2024 to her 20th term in the House upon the convening of the 119th Congress, which begins on January 3, 2025.

Early life and education

Nancy Pelosi was born in Baltimore, Maryland, to an Italian-American family. She was the only daughter and the youngest of six children of Annunciata M. "Nancy" D'Alesandro (née Lombardi)[4] and Thomas D'Alesandro Jr.[5] Her mother was born in Fornelli, Isernia, Molise, in Southern Italy, and immigrated to the U.S. in 1912;[6] her father traced his Italian ancestry to Genoa, Venice and Abruzzo.[5] When Pelosi was born, her father was a Democratic congressman from Maryland. He became Baltimore mayor seven years later.[7][5][8] Pelosi's mother was also active in politics, organizing Democratic women and teaching her daughter political skills.[9] Pelosi's brother, Thomas D'Alesandro III, also a Democrat, was elected Baltimore City Council president and later served as mayor from 1967 to 1971.[7]

Pelosi helped her father at his campaign events, and she attended President John F. Kennedy's inaugural address in January 1961.[5]

In 1958, Pelosi graduated from the Institute of Notre Dame, an all-girls Catholic high school in Baltimore. In 1962, she graduated from Trinity College (now Trinity Washington University) in Washington, D.C., with a Bachelor of Arts in political science.[10] Pelosi interned for Senator Daniel Brewster (D-Maryland) in the 1960s alongside future House Majority Leader Steny Hoyer.[11]

Early career

Pelosi, her mother, and President John F. Kennedy watch as her father is sworn in as a member of the Renegotiation Board, 1961.

After moving to San Francisco, Pelosi became friends with 5th district congressman Phillip Burton and began working her way up in Democratic politics.[12] In 1976, she was elected as a Democratic National Committee member from California, a position she would hold until 1996.[13] She was elected as party chair for Northern California in 1977, and four years later was selected to head the California Democratic Party, which she led until 1983. Subsequently, Pelosi served as the San Francisco Democratic National Convention Host Committee chairwoman in 1984, and then as Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee finance chair from 1985 to 1986.[14]

Early House of Representatives tenure

Pelosi as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, 1993

Phillip Burton died in 1983 and his wife, Sala Burton, won a special election to fill the remainder of her husband's congressional term. She was then reelected to two more terms in her own right. Burton became ill with cancer in late 1986 and decided not to run for reelection in 1988. She wanted Pelosi to succeed her, guaranteeing Pelosi the support of the Burtons' contacts.[15] Burton died on February 1, 1987, one month after being sworn in for a second full term. Pelosi won the special election to succeed her, defeating Democratic San Francisco supervisor Harry Britt on April 7, 1987, and Republican Harriet Ross in a June 2 runoff. Pelosi took office a week later.[16][17] In the primary, Britt, a gay man, had courted San Francisco's sizable homosexual population by arguing that he would be better than Pelosi at addressing the HIV/AIDS epidemic.[18] Pelosi had held many campaign events, amassed a large number of campaign volunteers, and fundraised prolifically for her campaign.[19]

Pelosi has continued to represent approximately the same area of San Francisco for her entire congressional career, despite the boundaries shifting marginally in decennial post-reapportionment redistrictings. This area has been represented in the House by Democrats uninterruptedly since 1949, and is strongly Democratic-leaning (as of 2006, 13% of registered voters in the boundaries of Pelosi's district were Republican). It has not seen a serious Republican congressional contender since the early 1960s.[20] Pelosi has been reelected to the House 18 times[21] without any substantive opposition. Unlike in her 1987 campaign, Pelosi has not participated in candidates' debates in her reelection campaigns. In her first seven reelection campaigns (from 1988 through 2004), she won an average of 80% of the vote.[20]

At the time that Pelosi entered office, there were only 23 women in the House.[22]

When Pelosi entered office, the AIDS epidemic was at a dire point.[23] San Francisco was greatly affected; its large population of gay men was the epidemic's initial epicenter.[24] Beginning in her first term, Pelosi became a prominent congressional advocate on behalf of those impacted by HIV/AIDS.[23] Shortly after she took office, she hired a gay man as her congressional office's director of AIDS policy. In her first floor speech, Pelosi promised that she would be an advocate in the fight against what she called "the crisis of AIDS." With great stigma around the subject, some in her party privately chastised her for publicly associating herself with it.[18] Pelosi co-authored the Ryan White CARE Act, which allocated funding dedicated to providing treatment and services for those impacted by HIV/AIDS.[23] President George H. W. Bush signed the bill into law in December 1990.[25]

In March 1988, Pelosi voted for the Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987 (as well as to override President Ronald Reagan's veto).[26][27][28]

Pelosi helped shape the Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act, working with California Senator Dianne Feinstein and New York Congressman Chuck Schumer. It became law in 1994.[19] Pelosi also held chairs on important committees, such as the House Appropriations Committee and the House Intelligence Committee.[19]

In 2001, Pelosi was elected the House minority whip, second-in-command to Minority Leader Dick Gephardt. She was the first woman in U.S. history to hold that post.[29] Pelosi defeated John Lewis and Steny Hoyer for the position. A strong fundraiser, she used campaign contributions to help persuade other members of Congress to support her candidacy.[30]

In 2002, Pelosi opposed the Iraq Resolution authorizing President George W. Bush to use military force against Iraq, which passed the House on a 296–133 vote.[31][32] She said, "unilateral use of force without first exhausting every diplomatic remedy and other remedies and making a case to the American people will be harmful to our war on terrorism."[33]

First tenure as minority leader (2003–2007)

In November 2002, after Gephardt resigned as House minority leader to seek the Democratic nomination in the 2004 presidential election, Pelosi was elected to replace him, becoming the first woman to lead a major party in either chamber of Congress.[34] In the campaign to succeed Gephardt as the House Democratic Caucus's leader, Pelosi was challenged by Harold Ford Jr. and Marcy Kaptur. Kaptur withdrew her candidacy for the position before the November 15, 2002, caucus vote, and Pelosi defeated Ford 117–29 in the closed-door vote of caucus members.[35] Critics of Pelosi characterized her as too liberal to be a successful House leader.[36][37]

As minority leader, Pelosi sharply criticized the handling of the Iraq War by President Bush and his administration, in 2004 saying Bush had demonstrated areas of "incompetence".[38]

In a relative surprise, the Democratic Party lost three seats in the 2004 House elections, which coincided with Bush's reelection as president.[39] Focused on retaking the House majority in 2006, in her second term as minority leader Pelosi worked to criticize the Bush administration more effectively and to contrast the Democratic Party with it.[39][40] As part of this, Pelosi voiced even harsher criticism of Bush's handling of the Iraq War.[40] In November 2005, prominent congressional Democrat John Murtha proposed that the U.S. begin a withdrawal of troops from Iraq at the "earliest predictable date". Pelosi initially declined to commit to supporting Murtha's proposal.[41] Speaker Dennis Hastert soon brought to the floor a vote on a non-binding resolution calling for an immediate withdrawal of troops, seeking to trap Democrats into taking a more radical stance. Pelosi led Democrats in voting against the resolution, which failed in a 403–3 floor vote.[42] Roughly two weeks later, Pelosi held a press conference in which she endorsed Murtha's proposal.[43] Some critics believed that Pelosi's support for a troop withdrawal would prevent the Democrats from winning a House majority in the 2006 elections.[40]

During her time as minority leader, Pelosi was not well known to much of the American public. Before the 2006 elections, Republicans made a concerted effort to taint public perception of her, running advertisements assailing her.[44] Advertisements demonizing Pelosi became a routine part of Republican advertising in subsequent elections.[45] For instance, during the 2022 election cycle, Republicans ran more than $50 million in ads that negatively characterized or invoked Pelosi, and in the 2010 cycle, they spent more than $65 million on such ads.[45][46]

First speakership (2007–2011)

2007 speakership election

President George W. Bush meets with Speaker-designate Pelosi and House Minority Whip Steny Hoyer on November 9, 2006.

In the 2006 elections, the Democrats took control of the House, picking up 30 seats,[47] the party's largest House seat gain since the 1974 elections held in the wake of the Watergate scandal.[40] The party's House majority meant that as the party's incumbent House leader, Pelosi was widely expected to become speaker in the next Congress.[48][49] On November 16, 2006, the Democratic caucus unanimously nominated her for speaker.[50]

Pelosi supported her longtime friend John Murtha for House majority leader, the second-ranking post in the House. His competitor was House Minority Whip Steny Hoyer, who had been Pelosi's second-in-command since 2003.[51] Hoyer was elected House majority leader over Murtha by a margin of 149–86.[52]

On January 4, 2007, Pelosi defeated Republican John Boehner of Ohio, 233 votes to 202, in the election for speaker of the House.[53][54][55]

Rahm Emanuel, the incoming chairman of the House Democratic Caucus, nominated Pelosi, and her longtime friend John Dingell swore her in, as the dean of the House of Representatives traditionally does.[56][57]

Pelosi (right) with Vice President Dick Cheney behind President George W. Bush at the 2007 State of the Union Address. Pelosi became the first woman to sit behind the podium at such an address. Bush acknowledged this by beginning his speech with the words, "Tonight, I have the high privilege and distinct honor of my own as the first president to begin the State of the Union message with these words: Madam Speaker."[58]

Pelosi was the first woman, the first Californian, and the first Italian-American to hold the speakership. She was also the second speaker from a state west of the Rocky Mountains. The first was Washington's Tom Foley, the last Democrat to hold the post before Pelosi.

During her speech, she discussed the historical importance of being the first woman to hold the position of Speaker:

This is a historic moment—for the Congress, and for the women of this country. It is a moment for which we have waited more than 200 years. Never losing faith, we waited through the many years of struggle to achieve our rights. But women weren't just waiting; women were working. Never losing faith, we worked to redeem the promise of America, that all men and women are created equal. For our daughters and granddaughters, today, we have broken the marble ceiling. For our daughters and our granddaughters, the sky is the limit, anything is possible for them.[59]

She also said Iraq was the major issue facing the 110th Congress while incorporating some Democratic Party beliefs:

The election of 2006 was a call to change—not merely to change the control of Congress, but for a new direction for our country. Nowhere were the American people more clear about the need for a new direction than in Iraq. The American people rejected an open-ended obligation to a war without end.[59]

As speaker, Pelosi remained the leader of the House Democrats, as the speaker is considered the leader of the majority caucus. But by tradition, she did not normally participate in debate and almost never voted on the floor, though she had the right to do so as a member of the House. She was also not a member of any House committees, also in keeping with tradition.

Pelosi was reelected speaker in 2009.

Public perception

During and after her first tenure as speaker, Pelosi was widely characterized as a polarizing political figure. Republican candidates often associated their Democratic opponents with her.[60][61] Pelosi became the focus of heavy disdain by "mainstream" Republicans and Tea Party Republicans alike,[62] as well as from the left.[63]

As they had in 2006, Republicans continued to run advertisements that demonized Pelosi.[64] Before the 2010 House elections, the Republican National Committee prominently used a "Fire Pelosi" slogan in its efforts to recapture the House majority.[65][66] This slogan was rolled out hours after the House passed the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act.[67] Republicans spent $65 million ahead of the 2010 elections on anti-Pelosi advertisements.[46] Pelosi has continued to be a fixture of Republican attack.[68] Ads demonizing her have been credited with fostering intense right-wing ire toward her,[69] and have been seen as one of the top factors in her unpopularity with the public.[30]

Social Security

Shortly after being reelected in 2004, President Bush claimed a mandate for an ambitious second-term agenda and proposed reforming Social Security by allowing workers to redirect a portion of their Social Security withholding into stock and bond investments.[70] Pelosi strongly opposed the plan, saying there was no crisis, and as minority leader she imposed intense party discipline on her caucus, leading them to near-unanimous opposition to the proposal, which was defeated.[71]

Blocking of impeachment proceedings against President Bush

In the wake of Bush's 2004 reelection, several leading House Democrats believed they should pursue impeachment proceedings against him, asserting that he had misled Congress about weapons of mass destruction in Iraq and violated Americans' civil liberties by authorizing warrantless wiretaps.

In May 2006, with an eye on the upcoming midterm elections—which offered the possibility of Democrats taking back control of the House for the first time since 1994—Pelosi told colleagues that, while the Democrats would conduct vigorous oversight of Bush administration policy, an impeachment investigation was "off the table". A week earlier, she had told The Washington Post that although Democrats would not set out to impeach Bush, "you never know where" investigations might lead.[72]

After becoming speaker in 2007, Pelosi held firm against impeachment, notwithstanding strong support for it among her constituents. In the 2008 election, she withstood a challenge for her seat by antiwar activist Cindy Sheehan, who ran as an independent primarily because of Pelosi's refusal to pursue impeachment.[73]

The "Hundred Hours"

Before the midterm elections, Pelosi announced that if Democrats gained a House majority, they would push through most of their agenda during the first 100 hours of the 110th Congress.[74][75]

The "first hundred hours" was a play on President Franklin D. Roosevelt's promise for quick action to combat the Great Depression during his "first hundred days" in office. Newt Gingrich, who became speaker of the House in 1995, had a similar 100-day agenda to implement his Contract with America.

Opposition to Iraq War troop surge of 2007

On January 5, 2007, reacting to suggestions from Bush's confidants that he would increase troop levels in Iraq (which he announced in a speech a few days later), Pelosi and Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid condemned the plan. They sent Bush a letter reading:

[T]here is no purely military solution in Iraq. There is only a political solution. Adding more combat troops will only endanger more Americans and stretch our military to the breaking point for no strategic gain. ... Rather than deploy additional forces to Iraq, we believe the way forward is to begin the phased redeployment of our forces in the next four to six months while shifting the principal mission of our forces there from combat to training, logistics, force protection, and counter-terror.[76]

2008 Democratic National Convention

Pelosi and Barack Obama shaking hands at the 2008 Democratic National Convention

Pelosi was named Permanent Chair of the 2008 Democratic National Convention in Denver, Colorado.[77]

Healthcare reform

Pelosi has been credited for spearheading Obama's health care law, the Affordable Care Act,[78] when it seemed doomed to defeat. After Republican Scott Brown won Democrat Ted Kennedy's former Senate seat in the January 2010 Massachusetts special election, costing Democrats their 60-seat filibuster-proof majority, Obama agreed with his then chief of staff Rahm Emanuel's idea to do smaller initiatives that could pass easily. But Pelosi dismissed Obama's compunction, mocking his scaled-back ideas as "kiddie care".[79] After convincing him that this was their only shot at health care reform because of the large Democratic majorities in Congress, she rallied her caucus as she began an "unbelievable marathon" of a two-month session to craft the bill, which passed the House 219–212. In Obama's remarks before signing the bill into law, he called Pelosi "one of the best speakers the House of Representatives has ever had."[80][81][82][83]

Assessments of first speakership

By early 2010, analysts were assessing Pelosi as possibly the most powerful woman in U.S. history and among the most powerful speakers of the previous 100 years.[84] In March 2010, Mark Shields wrote,

In the last four months, [Pelosi] has not once, not twice but on three separate occasions done what none of her predecessors—including legendary giants [Tip O'Neill and Sam Rayburn]—could ever do: persuade the House of Representatives to pass national health-care reform. Pelosi has proved herself to be the most powerful woman in U.S. political history.[85]

Later in 2010, Gail Russell Chaddock of The Christian Science Monitor opined that Pelosi was the "most powerful House speaker since Sam Rayburn a half century ago", adding that she had also been "one of the most partisan".[62] Scholars favorably assessed Pelosi's first speakership. In late 2010, Norman Ornstein, a congressional scholar at the conservative-leaning American Enterprise Institute, opined that despite polarized public opinion of Pelosi, "she's going to rank quite high in the pantheon of modern speakers", declaring that the only speaker of the previous 100 years he would rank higher than Pelosi was Sam Rayburn. Catholic University of America political scientist Matthew Green opined that the 111th Congress had "been remarkable in its productivity—in both the number of bills enacted and their scope—and Pelosi shares much of the credit."[86] Green considered Pelosi's tenure as speaker to be among the greatest in U.S. history, highlighting the passage of the Affordable Care Act ("a measure with far-reaching implications for our nation's health care policy"). He also praised Pelosi for occasionally allowing House passage of measures that had majority overall House support but were opposed by the majority of the Democratic House Caucus. He noted that she had occasionally allowed bills to move forward in such fashion despite a high level of political polarization in the United States.[87]

In November 2010, Brian Naylor of NPR opined that:

During Nancy Pelosi's four years as speaker of the House, Congress approved the health care overhaul—widely considered the most significant piece of domestic legislation since Medicare—along with an $800 billion measure to stimulate the economy and a multi-billion-dollar rescue of the banks. It is a legislative legacy that rivals the accomplishments of any speaker in modern times.[88]

In November 2010, after Democrats lost their House majority, Politico writer John Bresnahan called Pelosi's record as speaker "mixed". He opined that Pelosi had been a powerful speaker, describing her as wielding "an iron fist in a Gucci glove" and having held "enormous power within the House Democratic Caucus", but noting that she had a "horrible approval rating with the rest of America". Bresnahan wrote that Pelosi's leadership and the legislative agenda she advanced had significantly contributed to the party's loss of its House majority, citing the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act as an example of legislation that hurt the Democrats electorally in 2010. Bresnahan also believed that, ahead of the 2010 elections, Pelosi had "disastrously" misread public opinion, and that Pelosi had been a poor orator.[89]

Thomas Mann of the Brookings Institution opined in 2018 that Pelosi had been the "strongest and most effective speaker of modern times" during her first speakership.[90]

In 2018, Robert Draper wrote for The New York Times Magazine:

During Nancy Pelosi’s four years as speaker, there was no confusion as to who was in control. Pelosi used the tools at her disposal—committee assignments, campaign donations—to establish a balance among her party’s coalitions while also reminding everyone that her job was not simply to officiate and appease...But as Newt Gingrich learned the hard way two decades ago, an autocratic speaker is a short-lived one. Pelosi’s reign was successful because she understood the will of her caucus rather than bending it to hers.[30]

Draper also wrote that "for all her mastery of Washington's inside game, Pelosi has never been a deft public-facing politician," and called her a poor orator.[30]

Second tenure as minority leader (2011–2019)

President Barack Obama meets with Congressional Leadership, July 2011.

112th and 113th Congress

Though Pelosi was reelected by a comfortable margin in the 2010 elections, the Democrats lost 63 seats and control of the House of Representatives to the Republicans. After this setback, Pelosi sought to continue leading the House Democratic Caucus as minority leader, the office she held before becoming speaker. Intraparty opposition failed to pass a motion to delay the leadership vote,[91] though she faced a challenge from Representative Heath Shuler. Shuler lost to Pelosi, 150–43, in the caucus vote on November 17, 2010.[92] On the opening day of the 112th Congress, Pelosi was elected minority leader.[93]

In November 2011, 60 Minutes alleged that Pelosi and several other members of Congress had used information they gleaned from closed sessions to make money on the stock market. The program cited her purchases of Visa Inc. stock while a bill that would limit credit card fees was in the House. Pelosi denied the allegations and called the report "a right-wing smear".[94][95][96] When the Stop Trading on Congressional Knowledge Act (or STOCK Act) was introduced the next year, she voted for it and lauded its passing. Of representatives Louise Slaughter and Tim Walz, who drafted the bill, Pelosi said they "shined a light on a gaping hole in our ethics laws and helped close it once and for all".[97][98]

On November 14, 2012, Pelosi announced that she intended to remain Democratic leader.[99]

114th and 115th Congress

In August 2016, Pelosi said that her personal contact information had been posted online following a cyberattack against top Democratic campaign committees and she had received "obscene and sick calls, voice mails and text messages". She warned members of Congress to avoid letting children or family members answer phone calls or read text messages.[100]

Pelosi speaking at the United States Department of Labor on Equal Pay Day
Pelosi greets DREAMers fasting outside the Capitol, September 2017.

At times, centrists, progressive candidates and incumbent Democrats all expressed opposition to Pelosi's continued tenure as the party's House leader.[101]

Prompted by colleagues after the 2016 presidential election, Tim Ryan of Ohio initiated a bid to replace Pelosi as House minority leader on November 17, 2016.[102] After Pelosi agreed to give more leadership opportunities to junior members,[103] she defeated Ryan by a vote of 134–63 on November 30.[104]

In 2017, after Democrats lost four consecutive special elections in the House of Representatives, Pelosi's leadership was again called into question. In June 2017, Representative Kathleen Rice of New York and a small group of other House Democrats, including Congressional Black Caucus chairman Cedric Richmond, held a closed-door meeting to discuss potential new Democratic leadership.[105] Other House Democrats, including Ryan, Seth Moulton, and Filemon Vela, publicly called for new House leadership.[106] In an interview, Rice said, "If you were talking about a company that was posting losing numbers, if you were talking about any sports team that was losing time and time again, changes would be made, right? The CEO out. The coach would be out and there would be a new strategy put in place."[106] In a press conference, Pelosi defended her leadership, saying, "I respect any opinion that my members have but my decision about how long I stay is not up to them."[106] When asked specifically why she should stay on as House minority leader after numerous Democratic seats were lost, she responded, "Well, I'm a master legislator. I am a strategic, politically astute leader. My leadership is recognized by many around the country, and that is why I'm able to attract the support that I do."[107]

In November 2017, after Pelosi called for John Conyers's resignation over allegations of harassment, she convened the first in a series of planned meetings on strategies to address reforming workplace policies in the wake of national attention to sexual harassment. She said Congress had "a moral duty to the brave women and men coming forward to seize this moment and demonstrate real, effective leadership to foster a climate of respect and dignity in the workplace".[108]

In February 2018, Pelosi sent a letter to Speaker Paul Ryan about the proposed public release of a memo prepared by Republican staff at the direction of House Intelligence Committee Chairman Devin Nunes. The memo attacked the Federal Bureau of Investigation for its investigation of Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections. Pelosi said the FBI and the Department of Justice had warned Nunes and Ryan that the memo was inaccurate and that its release could threaten national security by disclosing federal surveillance methods. She added that Republicans were engaged in a "cover-up campaign" to protect Trump: "House Republicans' pattern of obstruction and cover-up to hide the truth about the Trump-Russia scandal represents a threat to our intelligence and our national security. The GOP has led a partisan effort to distort intelligence and discredit the U.S. law enforcement and intelligence communities."[109] She charged Nunes with "deliberately dishonest actions" and called for his immediate removal from his position.[110]

In February 2018, Pelosi broke the record for longest House speech using the "magic minute" custom when she spent more than eight hours recounting stories from DREAMers—people brought to the United States as minors by undocumented immigrants—to object to a budget deal that would raise spending caps without addressing the future of DACA recipients, who were at risk of deportation by the Trump administration.[111][112][113]

In May 2018, after the White House invited two Republicans and no Democrats to a Department of Justice briefing on an FBI informant who had made contact with the Trump campaign,[114] Pelosi and Schumer sent a letter to Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein and FBI director Wray calling for "a bipartisan Gang of Eight briefing that involves congressional leadership from both chambers".[115]

In August 2018, Pelosi called for Duncan D. Hunter's resignation after his indictment on charges of misusing at least $250,000 in campaign funds, saying the charges were "evidence of the rampant culture of corruption among Republicans in Washington today".[116]

In April 2018, Peter Beinart wrote in The Atlantic that Pelosi had been "the most effective congressional leader of modern times—and, not coincidentally, the most vilified."[90]

Second speakership (2019–2023)

Official painting, 2022

In the 2018 elections, the Democrats recaptured a House majority, gaining 41 seats. This was the party's largest gain in the House since the 1974 post-Watergate elections.[117][118] On November 28, House Democrats nominated Pelosi to once again serve as speaker.[119] She was reelected to the speakership at the start of the 116th Congress on January 3, 2019. Pelosi "clinched the speakership after weeks of whittling down opposition from some fellow Democrats seeking a new generation of leadership. The deal to win over holdouts put an expiration date on her tenure: she promised not to stay more than four years in the job". 220 House Democrats voted for Pelosi as Speaker and 15 for someone else or no one.[120]

On February 4, 2020, at the conclusion of Trump's State of the Union address, Pelosi tore up her official copy of it.[121] Her stated reason for doing so was "because it was a courteous thing to do considering the alternatives. It was a such a dirty speech".[122] Trump and other Republicans criticized her for this.[123][124]

In December 2021, Pelosi announced her candidacy for reelection to the House in 2022.[125] In 2018, and again in 2020, she had agreed not to stay on as speaker beyond January 2023, but otherwise avoided questions about her future.[126] In 2022, Pelosi was reelected, but the Democratic Party lost the House majority.[127] Ten days later, she announced that she would not seek a Democratic leadership post in the next Congress.[128][129]

2018–2019 government shutdown

President Donald Trump meets with Pelosi and Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer on December 11, 2018, saying "I will be the one to shut it down."

At the start of the 116th Congress, Pelosi opposed Trump's attempts to use the 2018–2019 federal government shutdown (which she called a "hostage-taking" of civil servants) as leverage to build a substantial wall on the U.S.-Mexico border.[130] She declined to allow Trump to give the State of the Union Address in the House chamber while the shutdown was ongoing.[131][132] After several polls showed Trump's popularity sharply falling due to the shutdown, on January 25, 2019, Trump signed a stopgap bill to reopen the government without any concessions regarding a border wall for three weeks to allow negotiations on an appropriations bill. But he reiterated his demand for border wall funding and said he would shut the government down again or declare a national emergency and use military funding to build the wall if Congress did not appropriate the funds by February 15.[133]

On February 15, Trump declared a national emergency in order to bypass Congress, after being unsatisfied with a bipartisan bill that had passed the House and Senate the day before.[134]

Congressional leaders in January 2020

Impeachments of President Trump

On September 29, 2019, Pelosi announced the launch of an impeachment inquiry against Trump.[135] On December 5, 2019, after the inquiry had taken place, Pelosi authorized the Judiciary Committee to begin drafting articles of impeachment.[136] After hearings were held,[137] two articles of impeachment were announced on December 10.[138] The House of Representatives approved both articles on December 18, thereby formally impeaching Trump.[139]

Pelosi signs the article of impeachment for the second impeachment of Donald Trump on January 13, 2021.

The day after the January 6 United States Capitol attack, Pelosi demanded that Trump either resign or be removed from office through the clauses of section four the Twenty-Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution, threatening impeachment if this did not happen.[140] On January 10, she issued a 24-hour ultimatum to Vice President Mike Pence, that if he did not invoke the 25th amendment, she would proceed with legislation to impeach Trump.[141] On January 13, the House voted to impeach Trump a second time.[142]

COVID-19 pandemic and response

Pelosi delivers remarks on the American Rescue Plan in March 2021.

Pelosi facilitated passage of the CARES Act.[143] She attracted controversy when footage emerged in early September 2020 of her visiting a hair salon in San Francisco. This was contrary to regulations enforced at that time preventing service indoors.[144] Criticized for hypocrisy by Trump and the owners of the salon, Pelosi described the situation as "clearly a setup". Her stylist and other Democrats defended her.[145]

Infrastructure bill

Pelosi played a key role in the 2021 passage of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act.

The New York Times credited the legislation's passage to Pelosi's decision to adopt a Congressional Black Caucus proposal to pair together the final vote on the bill with a good-faith vote on the rules governing debate on a subsequent social safety net bill. The Times noted that Pelosi did not make herself the public face of this, instead having Congressional Black Caucus Chairwoman Joyce Beatty persuade House Democratic Caucus members to accept the proposal. The New York Times wrote, "in effect, the speaker had harnessed one faction of her unruly Democrats to win over two others."[146] Chris Cillizza of CNN wrote:

Consider the challenge Pelosi faced with this infrastructure bill—starting with the fact that she had only a three-seat majority, meaning that even a handful of renegade Democrats could scuttle the entire thing. Then add in the total lack of trust not only between House liberals and Senate moderates but also the decided lack of trust between House liberals and House moderates. And sprinkle in the fact that the entire bill had been at an impasse for months as both sides of the party wrangled for leverage on the broader $1.75 trillion social safety net legislation.[146]

Other notable legislation

During the 117th Congress, the CHIPS and Science Act, Inflation Reduction Act, and Honoring our PACT Act of 2022 (PACT Act) were passed.[147]

Assessments of second speakership

As with her first tenure, experts gave Pelosi's second tenure as speaker high marks, with many opining that during her two tenures as speaker she had been among the most effective individuals to hold the position.

In June 2019, Brent Budowsky opined in The Hill that Pelosi had been "the most important, consequential and effective Speaker since Tip O'Neill" as well as "one of the greatest Speakers who ever served."[148] In January 2020, on the eve of Trump's first impeachment trial before the U.S. Senate, Washington Post political writer Paul Kane called Pelosi the most powerful House speaker in at least 25 years, noting that some historians were comparing her influence to that of former speaker Sam Rayburn.[149] In 2021, former Republican speaker John Boehner opined that Pelosi had been the most powerful House speaker in U.S. history.[150]

In November 2022, Chris Cillizza wrote that Pelosi was "the most effective speaker ever."[146] Johnathan Bernstein opined for The Washington Post and Bloomberg News that Pelosi was "the greatest speaker in history."[151] Jackie Calmes of the Los Angeles Times shared the same opinion.[152] Sarah Ferris of Politico called Pelosi "a legislative giant regarded as one of the most powerful speakers in modern U.S. history."[153] Historian Lindsay M. Chervinsky wrote for NBC News that Pelosi was "one of the most effective speakers in history" and had been so while facing "the double standards that apply to powerful women."[147]

John Haduk wrote for the Brookings Institution:

Whether you agree with her politics or not, it is undeniable that [Pelosi] has been a remarkably effective House leader. That success has come as both House Minority Leader and as Speaker of the House. As Speaker, she has worked with a majority as large as 81 seats in November and December 2009 (258–177) and one as small as 6 seats from April to May 2021 (218–212).[154]

A number of progressive and liberal-leaning outlets published strong assessments of Pelosi's tenure. Harold Meyerson opined that Pelosi had been the greatest speaker in U.S. history in an article in The American Prospect.[155] Amanda Marcotte of Salon.com opined that Pelosi was the greatest speaker of all time, calling her "both the most effective and most progressive House speaker of all time." Marcotte added that Pelosi had been effective "both in terms of managing an unruly caucus and being able to push her party in more progressive directions."[156]

Continued House tenure (2023–present)

On November 29, 2022, the Steering and Policy Committee of the House Democratic Caucus honorarily named Pelosi "speaker emerita" in the upcoming 118th U.S. Congress.[157][158] Her second speakership, and her participation in the House Democratic Party leadership, concluded on January 3, 2023, at the end of the 117th Congress.[159]

Amid concerns about President Biden's reelection prospects in the 2024 presidential election, Pelosi played a key role in the effort to pressure him to withdraw his candidacy before the Democratic National Convention.[160] She personally warned Biden that she feared his faltering candidacy might not only result in Trump's victory but also have a coattail effect that could bring Democrats defeat in the coinciding House and Senate elections and give Republicans a government trifecta. When Democratic members of Congress privately sought her guidance on how to handle their concerns, Pelosi advised them "speak their conscience". On the July 10 edition of MSNBC’s Morning Joe, Pelosi said the party encouraged Biden to make the decision because time was running out.[161] Later that day, Pelosi's office stated: "Speaker Pelosi fully supports whatever President Biden decides to do. We must turn our attention to why this race is so important: Donald Trump would be a disaster for our country and our democracy."[162] The growing number of members of Congress calling for Biden to withdraw heightened the pressure on him.[163][164][165] Biden withdrew his candidacy on July 21 and endorsed Vice President Kamala Harris as the party's presidential nominee.[166] Before Biden withdrew, Pelosi had expressed to other California congressional Democrats her belief that the possible selection of a new nominee should be done competitively through an "open process".[167] She briefly held off from endorsing Harris's candidacy[168] before doing so the next day.[169] Although Harris did not win any primary elections, Pelosi insisted that the process that led to Harris's nomination was a "primary". She told Semafor on September 18 that Harris earned her nomination because "We had an open primary, and she won it. Nobody else got in the race."[170][171] After Harris lost to Trump, Pelosi blamed Biden's late exit from the race and the lack of an open Democratic primary.[172]

House committee assignments and caucus memberships

In the House, Pelosi served on the Appropriations and Intelligence Committees and was the ranking member on the latter until her election as minority leader.[173] She is a member of the House Baltic Caucus and the Congressional Equality Caucus.[174][175]

Role as a Democratic Party fundraiser

Early in her political career, Pelosi established herself as a prominent fundraiser in the party.[30] She was one of the party's most prolific fundraisers, transferring significant funds to committees for other candidates.[176][177] During the 2000 and 2002 election cycles, among members of Congress, she contributed the most money to other congressional campaigns.[178] In 2006, Pelosi was the Democratic Party's third-largest fundraiser, behind former first couple Bill and Hillary Clinton.[44] From 2003 to 2014, Pelosi raised more than $400 million in campaign funds.[177]

Political positions

Pelosi and Representative Keith Ellison at his swearing-in ceremony with Thomas Jefferson's Quran in 2007

Pelosi was a founding member of the Congressional Progressive Caucus, which she left in 2003 after being elected House minority leader.[179] She is still widely considered a liberal.[180][181]

Civil liberties and human rights

Pelosi with Aung San Suu Kyi, Myanmar's pro-democracy leader, at a Congressional Gold Medal ceremony in 2012

In 2001, she voted in favor of the USA Patriot Act, but voted against reauthorization of certain provisions in 2005.[182] She voted against a Constitutional amendment banning flag-burning.[183]

Immigration

Pelosi speaking against President Trump's immigration ban

Pelosi voted against the Secure Fence Act of 2006.[184]

In June 2018, Pelosi visited a federal facility used to detain migrant children separated from their parents and subsequently called for the resignation of Department of Homeland Security Secretary Kirstjen Nielsen.[185] In July, Pelosi characterized the compromise immigration bill by the Republicans as a "deal with the devil" and said she had not had conversations with House Speaker Ryan about a legislative solution to the separation of families at the southern border.[186]

In April 2021, after southern border crossings peaked, House Republicans criticized Pelosi for saying that immigration under the Biden administration was "on a good path". U.S. Customs and Border Protection reported that nearly 19,000 unaccompanied minors arrived in March.[187]

LGBT rights

Pelosi at the 2013 San Francisco Pride Festival

Pelosi has long supported LGBT rights. In 1996, she voted against the Defense of Marriage Act,[188] and in 2004 and 2006, she voted against the proposed Federal Marriage Amendment, which would amend the United States Constitution to define marriage federally as being between one man and one woman, thereby overriding states' individual rights to legalize same-sex marriage.[189][190][191] When the Supreme Court of California overturned the state's ban on marriage between same-sex couples in 2008, Pelosi released a statement welcoming the "historic decision". She also indirectly voiced her opposition to California Proposition 8, a successful 2008 state ballot initiative which defined marriage in California as a union between one man and one woman.[192]

In 2012, Pelosi said her position on LGBT rights such as same-sex marriage grows from and reflects her Catholic faith; it also places her at odds with Catholic doctrine, which defines marriage as a union between one man and one woman. She said: "My religion compels me—and I love it for it—to be against discrimination of any kind in our country, and I consider [the ban on gay marriage] a form of discrimination. I think it's unconstitutional on top of that."[193]

Pelosi supports the Equality Act, a bill that would expand the federal Civil Rights Act of 1964 to ban discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity. In 2019, she spoke in Congress in favor of the bill and called for ending discrimination against LGBT people. Pelosi also opposed Trump's transgender military ban.[194]

Marijuana

Pelosi supports reform in marijuana laws, although NORML's deputy director Paul Armentano said she and other members of Congress had not done anything to change the laws.[195] She also supports use of medical marijuana.[196]

PRISM

As of 2014, Pelosi supported the Bush/Obama NSA surveillance program PRISM.[197]

Removal from the Capitol of art depicting Confederates

Capitol workers remove the portrait of former House Speaker Howell Cobb of Georgia from a wall in the Speakers Lobby of the U.S. Capitol.

Pelosi repeatedly criticized the fact that the United States Capitol exhibited artworks depicting people who in various capacities supported the Confederacy in the American Civil War.[198][199][200] In 2017, this included at least 10 statues in the National Statuary Hall Collection, either in the National Statuary Hall itself or some less prominent Capitol rooms.[199] Almost all the statues in that collection were selected and donated by the states (two from each state) and could only be exchanged for others by an ordered process involving the consent of the states' legislatures and governors, but the speaker of the House directly could influence their precise placement.

During her first tenure as speaker, Pelosi moved the statue of Robert E. Lee from the National Statuary Hall of the U.S. Capitol to the Capitol crypt.[198] In August 2017, she supported an initiative by Senator Cory Booker to have Confederate monuments and memorials removed from the Capitol Building by means of legislation.[199]

In June 2020, following the nationwide protests over the murder of George Floyd, Pelosi pushed for the removal of all statues of Confederates from the Capitol. On June 18, Pelosi also ordered that four paintings of former Confederates in the Capitol Speaker's Gallery be taken down.[200] "We didn't know about this until we were taking inventory of the statues and the curator told us that there were four paintings of Speakers in the Capitol of the United States, four Speakers who had served in the Confederacy", Pelosi told reporters.[200]

Waterboarding

In 2002, while Pelosi was the ranking member of the House Intelligence Committee, she was briefed on the ongoing use of "enhanced interrogation techniques", including waterboarding, authorized for a captured terrorist, Abu Zubaydah.[201][202][203] After the briefing, Pelosi said she "was assured by lawyers with the CIA and the Department of Justice that the methods were legal".[204] Two unnamed former Bush administration officials say the briefing was detailed and graphic, and at the time she did not raise substantial objections.[205] One unnamed U.S. official present during the early briefings said, "In fairness, the environment was different then because we were closer to September 11 and people were still in a panic. But there was no objecting, no hand-wringing. The attitude was, 'We don't care what you do to those guys as long as you get the information you need to protect the American people.'"[206]

These techniques later became controversial, and in 2007 Pelosi's office said she had protested their use at the time, and she concurred with objections raised by Democratic colleague Jane Harman in a letter to the CIA in early 2003.[207] Subsequently, several leading Democratic lawmakers in the House signed a letter on June 26, 2009, alleging CIA Director Leon Panetta had asserted that the CIA misled Congress for a "number of years" spanning back to 2001, casting clouds on the controversy.[208] The letter, lawmakers and the CIA all providing no details, and the circumstances surrounding the allegations, make it hard to assess the claims and counterclaims of both sides.[209]

Officials in Congress say her ability to challenge the practices may have been hampered by strict rules of secrecy that prohibited her from taking notes or consulting legal experts or members of her own staffs.[210] In an April 2009 press conference, Pelosi said: "In that or any other briefing ... we were not, and I repeat, were not told that waterboarding or any of these other enhanced interrogation techniques were used. What they did tell us is that they had some legislative counsel—the Office of Legislative Counsel opinions that they could be used, but not that they would. And they further [...] the point was that if and when they would be used, they would brief Congress at that time."[201][211]

Economy

Fiscal policy

Pelosi at the Tax March in San Francisco, April 2017

Pelosi voted against the 1995 Balanced Budget Proposed Constitutional Amendment, which passed the House by a 300–132 vote, but fell two votes short of the 2/3 supermajority required in the Senate (with 65 senators voting in favor).[212]

As Speaker of the House, she spearheaded the Fair Minimum Wage Act of 2007 as part of the 100-Hour Plan. The act raises the minimum wage in the United States and the territories of the Northern Marianas Islands and American Samoa. American Samoa was initially absent from the act, but it was included as part of HR 2206. One Republican congressman who voted against the initial bill accused Pelosi of unethically benefiting Del Monte Foods (headquartered in her district) by excluding the territory, where Del Monte's StarKist Tuna brand is a major employer.[213] Pelosi co-sponsored legislation that omitted American Samoa from a raise in the minimum wage as early as 1999, before Del Monte's acquisition of StarKist Tuna in 2002.[214]

Pelosi opposed the welfare reform President Bush proposed as well as reforms proposed and passed under President Clinton.[215] She also opposed the tax reform signed by Trump in December 2017, calling it "probably one of the worst bills in the history of the United States of America ... It robs from the future [and] it rewards the rich ... and corporations at the expense of tens of millions of working middle-class families in our country."[216] She said "this is Armageddon" and argued that the tax bill increased the debt in a way that would adversely impact social insurance spending.[217] In January 2018, shortly after the tax bill passed, a reporter asked Pelosi to respond to statements by companies crediting the tax cuts with allowing them to raise wages and give bonuses. She said that, given the benefits corporations received from the tax bill, the benefits workers got were "crumbs".[218][219] Most companies that awarded bonuses gave out payments of hundreds of dollars, while some gave bonuses significantly over $1,000.[220]

Infrastructure

In November 2018, Pelosi said she had spoken with Trump about infrastructure development. Though he "really didn't come through with it in his first two years in office" while it was a topic during his campaign, the subject had not been a partisan matter in Congress. She mentioned potential bipartisan legislative initiatives that would "create good paying jobs and will also generate other economic growth in their regions".[221] On May 1, 2019, Pelosi and Schumer met with Trump about infrastructure funding.[222] In late May, a meeting to discuss an impending $2 trillion infrastructure plan was cut short when Trump abruptly left after only a few minutes.[223]

Disaster relief

In August 2018, after Trump signed an emergency declaration for federal aid in combating the Carr Fire in Northern California, Pelosi called the move "an important first step" but requested that Trump accede to California Governor Jerry Brown's request for further aid to other hard-hit areas in California. She called on the Trump administration to take "real, urgent action to combat the threat of the climate crisis, which is making the wildfire season longer, more expensive and more destructive".[224]

Education

In 1999, Pelosi voted against displaying the Ten Commandments in public buildings, including schools.[225] She voted for the No Child Left Behind Act,[226] which instituted testing to track students' progress and authorized an increase in overall education spending.[227][228]

Environment

Nancy Pelosi at 2019 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP25)

In 2019, Pelosi said climate change was "the existential threat of our time" and called for action to curb it.[229] She has supported the development of new technologies to reduce U.S. dependence on foreign oil and remediate the adverse environmental effects of burning fossil fuels.[230] Pelosi has widely supported conservation programs and energy research appropriations. She has also voted to remove an amendment that would allow for oil and gas exploration in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge.[231][232]

Pelosi has blocked efforts to revive offshore oil drilling in protected areas, reasoning that offshore drilling could lead to an increase in dependence on fossil fuels.[233]

Health care

Affordable Care Act

Pelosi was instrumental in passing the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010.[234] She was a key figure in convincing Obama to continue pushing for health-care reform after the election of Massachusetts Senator Scott Brown in a January special election—a defeat seen as potentially fatal to Democratic reform efforts.[81] After delivering 219 votes in the House for Obama's health-care package, Pelosi was both praised and heckled as she made her way to Capitol Hill.[235][83]

Pelosi has voted to increase Medicare and Medicaid benefits.[236] She does not endorse Senator Bernie Sanders's bill for single-payer healthcare.[237][238]

On March 10, 2017, Pelosi said Democrats would continue battling Republican efforts to repeal the Affordable Care Act, but would also be willing to form a compromise measure if Republicans reached out for support. She indicated her support for the Republican plan to expand Health Savings Accounts and said the question of Republicans' accepting an expansion of Medicaid was important.[239] In September, Pelosi sent a letter to Democrats praising Senator John McCain for announcing his opposition to the latest Republican effort to repeal and replace the Affordable Care Act and called on lawmakers and advocacy groups alike to pressure Republicans in the health-care discussion. She said Democrats would be unified in putting "a stake in the heart of this monstrous bill".[240]

In July 2018, during a speech at Independence First, Pelosi said Democrats' goal "has always been to expand coverage and to do so in a way that improves benefits ... and we have to address the affordability issue that is so undermined by the Republicans."[241] In November 2018, after Democrats gained a majority in the House in the midterm elections, she said, "I'm staying as Speaker to protect the Affordable Care Act. That's my main issue, because I think that's, again, about the health and financial health of the America's families, and if Hillary had won, I could go home." She added that Republicans had misrepresented their earlier position of opposition to covering people with preexisting conditions during the election cycle and called on them to join Democrats in "removing all doubt that the preexisting medical condition is the law—the benefit—is the law of the land".[242]

Abortion

Pelosi voted against the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act of 2003 and earlier attempts at similar bans, and voted against the criminalization of certain situations where a minor is transported across state lines for an abortion (HR 748, passed).[243]

She has voted in favor of lifting the ban on privately funded abortions at overseas U.S. military facilities (HA 209, rejected); in favor of an amendment that would repeal a provision forbidding servicewomen and dependents from getting an abortion in overseas military hospitals (HA 722, rejected); and in favor of stripping the prohibition of funding for organizations working overseas that use their own funds to provide abortion services, or engage in advocacy related to abortion services (HA 997, rejected). She also voted in favor of the 1998 Abortion Funding Amendment, which would have allowed the use of district funds to promote abortion-related activities, but would have prohibited the use of federal funds.[243]

In 2008, she was rebuked by Archbishop Donald Wuerl of Washington, D.C., for being "incorrect" in comments she made to Tom Brokaw on Meet the Press concerning Church teaching on the subjects of abortion of when a human life begins. The archbishop's statement quoted Pelosi as saying the church has not been able to define when life begins. During the interview she said, "over the history of the church, this [what constitutes the moment of conception] is an issue of controversy."[244] In February 2009, Pelosi met with her bishop, Archbishop George Hugh Niederauer of San Francisco, and with Pope Benedict XVI regarding the controversy.

Pelosi opposed the 2022 overturning of Roe v. Wade, calling it "cruel", "outrageous" and "heart-wrenching".[245]

Contraception

In a January 25, 2009, interview with George Stephanopoulos for ABC News, Pelosi said that one of the reasons she supported family planning services was that they would "reduce costs to states and to the federal government."[246]

Security

Gun laws

Nancy Pelosi embracing Common at 2019 End Gun Violence, September 27, 2019

Pelosi stands in favor of increased background checks for potential gun owners, as well as the banning of assault weapons. In February 2013, she called for the "Boldest possible move" on gun control, similar to a stance made just weeks earlier by former Representative, mass shooting victim, and fellow gun control advocate Gabby Giffords.[247] In 2012, she was given a 0% rating by Gun Owners of America and a 7% rating from the National Rifle Association of America for her stances on gun control.[248]

In February 2018, following the Stoneman Douglas High School shooting, Pelosi said Republicans' "cowering" to the gun lobby was "an assault on our whole country" and that the victims were "paying the price for our inaction".[249] She requested House Speaker Ryan and Republicans take action via consideration of legislation expanding background checks or authorizing researchers to use federal dollars to examine public health as it relates to gun violence. Pelosi also advocated for the creation of a special committee on gun violence and said Republicans had previously created committees to investigate Planned Parenthood and the 2012 Benghazi attack.[249]

In November 2018, after the Thousand Oaks shooting, Pelosi released a statement saying Americans "deserve real action to end the daily epidemic of gun violence that is stealing the lives of our children on campuses, in places of worship and on our streets" and pledged that gun control would be a priority for House Democrats in the 116th United States Congress.[250]

Military draft

President George W. Bush and Pelosi honoring 300 Tuskegee Airmen at the Capitol, March 2007

With regard to Representative Charles Rangel's (D-NY) plan to introduce legislation that would reinstate the draft, Pelosi said she did not support it.[251]

Use of government aircraft

In March 2009, conservative watchdog group Judicial Watch had obtained emails sent by Pelosi's staff requesting the United States Air Force (USAF) to provide specific aircraft—a Boeing 757—for Pelosi to use for taxpayer-funded travel.[252] Pelosi responded that the policy was initiated by President Bush due to post-9/11 security concerns (Pelosi was third in line for presidential succession), and was initially provided for the previous Speaker Dennis Hastert. The Sergeant at Arms requested—for security reasons—that the plane provided be capable of non-stop flight, requiring a larger aircraft. The Pentagon said "no one has rendered judgment" that Pelosi's use of aircraft "is excessive".[253]

First Trump presidency

President-elect Donald Trump with Pelosi in January 2017

During the first Trump administration, Pelosi voted in line with the president's stated position 17.6% of the time.[254]

During a news conference on June 9, 2017, after a reporter asked her about tweets by President Donald Trump lambasting former FBI director James Comey following Comey's testimony to the Senate Intelligence Committee, Pelosi said no one at the White House seemed courageous enough to tell Trump his tweets were beneath the dignity of the presidency and that she was worried about his fitness for office.[255] In November, when asked about Democrats beginning the impeachment process against Trump in the event they won a majority of seats in the 2018 elections, Pelosi said it would not be one of their legislative priorities but that the option could be considered if credible evidence appeared during the ongoing investigations into Russian interference in the 2016 election.[256]

In January 2018, Pelosi referred to Trump's 2018 State of the Union Address as a performance without serious policy ideas the parties could collaborate on. She questioned Trump's refusal to implement Russian sanctions after more than 500 members of Congress voted to approve them.[257] In February, after Trump blocked the release of a Democratic memo by the Intelligence Committee, Pelosi said the act was "a stunningly brazen attempt to cover up the truth about the Trump-Russia scandal from the American people" and "part of a dangerous and desperate pattern of cover-up on the part of the president who has shown he had something to hide."[258] In March, Pelosi said she was "more concerned about the president's policies which undermine the financial security of America's working families" than the Stormy Daniels–Donald Trump scandal. Pelosi did note the scandal as having highlighted a double standard of Republicans on issues of family values and expectations of presidential behavior, saying the party would be very involved if the event was happening to a Democrat.[259] In April, following Scooter Libby being pardoned by Trump, Pelosi released a statement saying the pardon "sends a troubling signal to the president's allies that obstructing justice will be rewarded and that the idea of those who lie under oath being granted a pardon "poses a threat to the integrity of the special counsel investigation, and to our democracy".[260] On August 15, after Trump revoked the security clearance of former CIA director John Brennan, Pelosi said the move was "a stunning abuse of power [and] a pathetic attempt to silence critics", and an attempt by Trump to distract attention from other issues of his administration.[261] Pelosi and Charles E. Schumer met with Trump and Pence in December 2018 to discuss changes to be made when the new Democratic representatives takes office in 2019.[262] In January 2019 she supported President Trump in his decision to back the leader of the opposition Juan Guaidó during Venezuelan protests and constitutional crisis.[263]

Pelosi and Rep. Debbie Wasserman Schultz have supported Venezuelan opposition leader Juan Guaidó.

Trump–Ukraine scandal and impeachment

The Democrats gained control of the House of Representatives in the November 2018 elections, and Pelosi took office as Speaker. Multiple House committees launched investigations into various actions by Trump and some of his cabinet members and requested or subpoenaed documents and information from the White House and the administration.[264] In April 2019, Trump vowed to defy "all" subpoenas from the House and to refuse to allow current or former administration officials to testify before House committees.[265]

Pelosi initially resisted efforts by some fellow House Democrats to pursue Trump's impeachment,[266][267] but in September 2019, following revelations of the Trump–Ukraine scandal, announced the beginning of a formal House impeachment inquiry, saying "The actions taken to date by the president have seriously violated the Constitution" and that Trump "must be held accountable—no one is above the law."[268] Privately, Pelosi expressed concern that focusing on impeachment would imperil the Democrats' House majority; she preferred to focus on other legislation.[269]

In May 2019, the White House intervened to halt former White House Counsel Don McGahn from complying with a subpoena issued by the House Judiciary Committee, instructing the committee to redirect its records requests to the White House. Pelosi, who had previously urged "Democrats to focus on fact-finding rather than the prospect of any impeachment",[270][271] described Trump's interference regarding McGahn's records as an obstruction of justice, saying that "Trump is goading us to impeach him."[272][273] Later that month, as the Trump administration continued to ignore subpoenas, refuse to release documents, and encourage or order current and former officials not to testify in Congress, Pelosi declared: "we believe that the president of the United States is engaged in a cover-up."[274] Later that day, after learning of Pelosi's comments, Trump walked away from a scheduled White House meeting with Pelosi and Schumer, in which a $2 trillion infrastructure plan was supposed to be discussed. Trump told Pelosi and Schumer he could not work with them until they stopped investigating him. Later in the day, Pelosi accused Trump of "obstructing justice" and again said he "is engaged in a cover-up".[275] On June 5, 2019, during a meeting with senior Democrats about whether the House should launch impeachment proceeding against Trump, Pelosi said, "I don't want to see him impeached, I want to see him in prison." According to multiple sources, rather than impeachment, she wanted to see Trump lose to a Democrat in the 2020 election, following which he could be prosecuted.[276] Eventually, under pressure from an alliance of left-wing Representatives led by Chair of the House Judiciary Committee Jerry Nadler, Pelosi backed an impeachment inquiry.[269]

The House impeachment inquiry focused on efforts by Trump and Trump administration officials to pressure the government of Ukraine to smear former Vice President Joe Biden, a political rival of Trump's, while withholding $400 million in U.S. military aid, and a White House visit, from Ukraine; the inquiry also examined Trump's request in a July 2019 phone call to Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelensky to "do us a favor" and investigate Biden.[277] On December 18, 2019, the House voted nearly along party lines to impeach Trump for abuse of power (230–197) and obstruction of Congress (229–198), making him the third president in U.S. history to be impeached. Pelosi said, when opening debate on the articles of impeachment, "If we do not act now, we would be derelict in our duty. It is tragic that the president's reckless actions make impeachment necessary. He gave us no choice."[277] Pelosi initially did not transmit the articles of impeachment to the Republican-controlled Senate for trial, seeking to negotiate an agreement with Senate Majority Mitch McConnell for the Senate to hear witness testimony and other additional evidence as part of a bid for a "full and fair" trial. McConnell rejected these efforts, and the House transmitted the articles to the Senate on January 15, 2020, with Pelosi naming seven Democratic Representatives, led by Representative Adam Schiff, as the House managers to argue the impeachment case against Trump in the Senate.[278][279] As expected, the Senate ultimately acquitted Trump in a nearly-party line vote in which every Democrat voted for conviction and all but one Republican, Senator Mitt Romney, voting for acquittal.[280] Ahead of the Senate vote Pelosi said that, irrespective of the outcome, the president "has been impeached forever", that the impeachment process had successfully "pulled back a veil of behavior totally unacceptable to our founders, and that the public will see this with a clearer eye, an unblurred eye."[281] Following the Senate vote, Pelosi criticized Trump and Senate Republicans, saying their actions had "normalized lawlessness and rejected the system of checks and balances".[282][283]

Following the Senate vote, Trump claimed vindication and criticized Democrats, the FBI, and Pelosi. In a speech at the National Prayer Breakfast, Trump referred to Pelosi as "a horrible person", and questioned her religious faith; Pelosi said these remarks were "particularly without class".[284] Before Trump's February 4, 2020 State of the Union Address, the day before the Senate impeachment vote, Trump and Pelosi exchanged mutual snubs.[285][286] Trump refused to shake Pelosi's outstretched hand, and Pelosi tore up her copy of Trump's speech.[285][286] Her stated reason for doing so was "because it was a courteous thing to do considering the alternatives. It was a such a dirty speech."[287] Pelosi also said Trump's speech "had no contact with reality whatsoever"[288] and suggested the president appeared "a little sedated" during the address.[284] Pelosi's action was criticized by Trump and others.[289][290]

Days after the Senate impeachment vote, Trump fired two officials who had testified against him during the impeachment inquiry: U.S. Ambassador to the European Union Gordon Sondland and Lieutenant Colonel Alexander Vindman, a National Security Council official. Pelosi called the firing of Vindman a "shameful" and "clear and brazen act of retaliation that showcases the President's fear of the truth", saying that "History will remember Lieutenant Colonel Vindman as an American hero."[291]

Commission to consider use of 25th Amendment

On October 8, 2020, Pelosi announced that legislation was being introduced in the House of Representatives to advance the creation of a commission to allow the use of the 25th Amendment to the Constitution to intervene and remove Trump from executive duties.[292]

Biden presidency

As of October 2022, Pelosi had voted in line with Joe Biden's stated position 100% of the time.[293]

Foreign affairs

China/Hong Kong/Taiwan

Pelosi with Chinese premier Wen Jiabao during a trip to China in 2009
Pelosi with Hong Kong activists who have become prominent figures in the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests
Pelosi with Taiwanese president Tsai Ing-wen during her trip to Taiwan in 2022

After the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests, Pelosi sought to take a harsher position toward China than President George H.W. Bush.[294]: 210  With the support of Senate Majority Leader George Mitchell, she took a lead role for the Democrats in criticizing Bush's China policy.[294]: 210  Pelosi's view was that Congress should oppose the annual presidential waiver for China under the Jackson-Vanik Amendment, an amendment to the Trade Act of 1974 that required the president to inform Congress if he intended to waive the Act to have a most favored nation trading relationship with a non-market economy.[294]: 211  Pelosi said that if China's economy suffered, Chinese people would be unhappy with their government and this would serve to advance democracy in China.[294]: 223 

As part of a Congressional delegation, Pelosi unfurled a banner in the square in 1991, provoking a confrontation with Chinese police.[295] She advocated for Chinese political prisoners and dissidents to be able to come to the U.S.[295] In 1999, ahead of Chinese Premier Zhu Rongji's visit to the U.S. for talks over World Trade Organization admission for China, Pelosi called on President Clinton and Vice President Gore to ask Zhu to recognize the 1989 protests as a pro-democracy effort.[296]

In 2008, after a meeting with the Dalai Lama and officials in the Tibetan government-in-exile, Pelosi criticized the People's Republic of China for its handling of the unrest in Tibet; addressing a crowd of thousands of Tibetans in Dharamsala, India, Pelosi called on "freedom-loving people" worldwide to denounce China for its human rights abuses in Tibet.[297] The same year, Pelosi commended the European Parliament for its "bold decision" to award the Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought to Chinese dissident and human rights activist Hu Jia, and called upon the Chinese government "to immediately and unconditionally release Hu Jia from prison and to respect the fundamental freedoms of all the people in China."[298]

In 2010, Pelosi backed a bill naming China a currency manipulator, which would appease exporters.[299]

Pelosi criticized the imprisonment of Hong Kong democracy activists in August 2017 for their roles in a protest at the Civic Square in front of the Central Government Complex in Hong Kong. She called the ruling an injustice that should "shock the conscience of the world".[300]

Before the Trump administration took concrete measures against China in late March 2018, Pelosi and other Democratic leaders pressed Trump to focus more on China and impose real punishments, such as fulfilling his own campaign commitments to name China a currency manipulator and stop China from pressuring U.S. tech companies into giving up intellectual property rights. Pelosi urged Trump to take a strong stand against unfair market barriers in China.[301][302][303][304]

In September 2019, Pelosi met with Hong Kong pro-democracy activist Joshua Wong on Capitol Hill; Chinese media responded by accusing Pelosi of "backing and encouraging radical activists".[305]

On the eve of the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing, Pelosi advised American athletes competing: "I would say to our athletes, 'You're there to compete. Do not risk incurring the anger of the Chinese government, because they are ruthless'".[306]

On August 2, 2022, Pelosi became the highest-ranking U.S. government official to visit Taiwan in 25 years.[307][308][309] President Joe Biden discouraged but did not prevent Pelosi from traveling to Taiwan, and the White House later affirmed her right to visit.[310][311][312] Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell and 25 Senate Republicans backed Pelosi's decision to visit,[313] issuing a joint statement that also supported the trip.[314] Her trip triggered a new round of hostilities in the already tense relationship between the U.S. and China.[315] During and after her visit, China undertook a series of retaliatory measures against Taiwan and the United States. Pelosi said her visit was a sign of the U.S. Congress's commitment to Taiwan.[315] During her visit, she met with Taiwanese President Tsai Ing-Wen and called Taiwan one of the "freest societies in the world".[316]

Colombia

Pelosi publicly scolded Colombian president Álvaro Uribe during Uribe's May 2007 state visit to America. Pelosi met with Uribe and later released a statement that she and other members of Congress had "expressed growing concerns about the serious allegations" of links between paramilitary groups and Colombian government officials.[317] Pelosi also came out against the Colombian free-trade agreement.[318]

Cuba

Pelosi and Secretary of State John Kerry at Estadio Latinoamericano in Havana, Cuba, March 2016

In 2008, Pelosi said: "For years, I have opposed the embargo on Cuba. I don't think it's been successful, and I think we have to remove the travel bans and have more exchanges—people to people exchanges with Cuba."[319] In 2015, Pelosi supported President Obama's Cuban Thaw, a rapprochement between the U.S. and Castro's regime in Cuba, and visited Havana for meetings with high-level officials.[320]

First Gulf War

Pelosi opposed U.S. intervention in the 1991 Gulf War.[215][321]

Iran

Pelosi with Secretary of State John Kerry and Senators John McCain and Mark Warner before greeting the new King Salman of Saudi Arabia in Riyadh, January 2015

In an interview on February 15, 2007, Pelosi said that Bush consistently said he supports a diplomatic resolution to differences with Iran "and I take him at his word". At the same time, she said, "I do believe that Congress should assert itself, though, and make it very clear that there is no previous authority for the president, any president, to go into Iran".[322] On January 12, 2007, Congressman Walter B. Jones of North Carolina introduced a resolution[323] requiring that—absent a national emergency created by an attack, or a demonstrably imminent attack, by Iran upon the United States or its armed forces—the president must consult with Congress and receive specific authorization prior to initiating any use of military force against Iran.[324] This resolution was removed from a military spending bill for the war in Iraq by Pelosi on March 13, 2007.

In July 2015, Pelosi said she was convinced Obama would have enough votes to secure the Iran nuclear deal, crediting the president with having made a "very strong and forceful presentation of his case supporting the nuclear agreement with Iran" and called the deal "a diplomatic masterpiece".[325]

In 2016, Pelosi argued against two bills that if enacted would block Iran's access to the dollar and impose sanctions for its ballistic missile program: "Regardless of whether you supported the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), we all agree that Iran must not possess a nuclear weapon. At this time, the JCPOA is the best way to achieve this critical goal."[326]

In May 2018, after Trump announced his intention to withdraw from the Iran nuclear deal, Pelosi said the decision was an abdication of American leadership and "particularly senseless, disturbing & dangerous".[327]

Iraq War

Pelosi with service members stationed at the Al Udeid Air Base in Qatar, 2010

In 2002, Pelosi opposed the Iraq Resolution authorizing President George W. Bush to use military force against Iraq, which passed the House on a 296–133 vote.[31][32] Pelosi said that "unilateral use of force without first exhausting every diplomatic remedy and other remedies and making a case to the American people will be harmful to our war on terrorism."[33] In explaining her opposition to the resolution, Pelosi said CIA Director George Tenet had told Congress the likelihood of Saddam Hussein's launching an attack on the U.S. using weapons of mass destruction was low, saying: "This is about the Constitution It is about this Congress asserting its right to declare war when we are fully aware what the challenges are to us. It is about respecting the United Nations and a multilateral approach, which is safer for our troops."[32]

Although Pelosi voted against the Iraq War, anti-war activists in San Francisco protested against her voting to continue funding the war. UC Berkeley political scientist Bruce Cain said Pelosi had to balance the demands of her anti-war constituency against the moderate views of Democrats in tight races around the country in her role as minority leader.[328] Pelosi has never faced a serious challenger to her left in her district.[329]

Israel

Pelosi at AIPAC's annual Policy Conference in Washington, D.C.

Pelosi has reaffirmed that "America and Israel share an unbreakable bond: in peace and war; and in prosperity and in hardship".[330] She has emphasized that "a strong relationship between the United States and Israel has long been supported by both Democrats and Republicans. America's commitment to the safety and security of the State of Israel is unwavering ... [h]owever, the war in Iraq has made both America and Israel less safe." Pelosi's voting record shows consistent support for Israel. Pelosi voted in favor of the Jerusalem Embassy Act of 1995, which urged the federal government to relocate the American embassy in Israel to Jerusalem.[331] Before the 2006 elections in the Palestinian Authority, she voted for a Congressional initiative that disapproved of participation in the elections by Hamas and other organizations the legislation defined as terrorist. She agrees with the current U.S. stance in support of land-for-peace. She has applauded Israeli "hopeful signs" of offering land while criticizing Palestinian "threats" of not demonstrating peace in turn. Pelosi has said, "If the Palestinians agree to coordinate with Israel on the evacuation, establish the rule of law, and demonstrate a capacity to govern, the world may be convinced that finally there is a real partner for peace".[330]

During the 2006 Lebanon War, Pelosi voted in favor of Resolution 921: "... seizure of Israeli soldiers by Hezbollah terrorists was an unprovoked attack and Israel has the right, and indeed the obligation, to respond." She argues that organizations and political bodies in the Mideast like Hamas and Hezbollah "have a greater interest in maintaining a state of hostility with Israel than in improving the lives of the people they claim to represent". Pelosi asserts that civilians on both sides of the border "have been put at risk by the aggression of Hamas and Hezbollah" in part for their use of "civilians as shields by concealing weapons in civilian areas".[332]

In September 2008, Pelosi hosted a reception in Washington with Israeli Speaker of the Knesset Dalia Itzik, along with 20 members of Congress, where they toasted the "strong friendship" between Israel and the United States. During the ceremony, Pelosi held up replica dog tags of the three Israeli soldiers captured by Hezbollah and Hamas in 2006 and said she keeps them as a "symbol of the sacrifices made, sacrifices far too great by the people of the state of Israel".[333]

Pelosi and Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu in Jerusalem, January 2020

Pelosi supported Israel in the 2014 Israel–Gaza conflict.[334] In March 2018 Pelosi said, "There is no greater political accomplishment in the 20th Century than the establishment of the State of Israel."[335] Pelosi condemned Rep. Ilhan Omar of Minnesota for posting controversial tweets related to Jews and Israel.[336] In March 2019, she said, "Israel and America are connected now and forever. We will never allow anyone to make Israel a wedge issue."[337]

In January 2017, Pelosi voted against a House resolution that would condemn the UN Security Council Resolution 2334. This UN Security Council Resolution called Israeli settlement building in the occupied Palestinian territories in the West Bank a "flagrant violation" of international law and a major obstacle to peace.[338][339] She condemned the Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions (BDS) movement targeting Israel.[340]

Pelosi has voiced heavy criticism over Israel's plan to annex parts of the West Bank and the Jordan Valley. She said Israeli annexation would undermine U.S. national security interests.[341] Pelosi said that Democrats are taking "a great pride" in Barack Obama's Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) that Israel signed with the Obama administration in 2016, for a guarantee of $38 billion in defense assistance over a decade.[341]

On January 28, 2024, Pelosi suggested that some pro-Palestinian protesters calling for a ceasefire in the Israel–Hamas war could be connected to Russia and called on the FBI to investigate the possible connection.[342]

North Korea

Nancy Pelosi is one of the few members of Congress to have traveled to North Korea. She has expressed concern about the danger of nuclear proliferation from the North Korean regime, and the ongoing problems of hunger and oppression imposed by that country's leadership.[343][344]

In August 2017, following Trump's warning that North Korea "will be met with fire and fury like the world has never seen" in the event of further threats to the United States, Pelosi said the comments were "recklessly belligerent and demonstrate a grave lack of appreciation for the severity of the North Korean nuclear situation. His saber-rattling and provocative, impulsive rhetoric erode our credibility."[345]

In November 2017, after the Pentagon sent a letter to lawmakers stating a ground invasion was the only way to destroy all North Korea's nuclear weapons without concern for having missed any, Pelosi said she was concerned about Pyongyang's selling nuclear technology to third parties and called for the United States to "exhaust every other remedy".[346]

In June 2018, after Trump praised North Korean leader Kim Jong-un, Pelosi said in a statement, "In his haste to reach an agreement, President Trump elevated North Korea to the level of the United States while preserving the regime's status quo."[347]

Russia

Pelosi meeting with Russian president Dmitry Medvedev, foreign minister Sergey Lavrov, and ambassador Sergey Kislyak, June 2010

In December 2017, Pelosi wrote a letter to Speaker Paul Ryan advocating for the continued House investigation into Russian interference in the 2016 election on the grounds that Americans deserved "a comprehensive and fair investigation into Russia's attack" and "America's democracy and national security" being at stake. Pelosi cited the need for Congress to "fully investigate Russia's assault on our election systems to prevent future foreign attacks".[348]

In February 2018, after the release of a Republican report alleging surveillance abuses by the Justice Department, Pelosi accused Trump of siding with Russian president Vladimir Putin at the expense of preserving intelligence sources and methods.[349] In July, Pelosi asserted that Trump was afraid to mention the 12 indictments against people connected to the intelligence community in Russia during his meeting with Putin and questioned what intelligence the Russians had on Trump to cause his behavior.[350] She said Putin would not be welcomed by Congress even if he visited Washington as a result of his actions: "Putin's ongoing attacks on our elections and on Western democracies and his illegal actions in Crimea and the rest of Ukraine deserve the fierce, unanimous condemnation of the international community, not a VIP ticket to our nation's capital." She called for House Speaker Ryan to "make clear that there is not—and never will be—an invitation for a thug like Putin to address the United States Congress."[351]

On multiple occasions, Pelosi said of Trump, "With him, all roads lead to Putin," including with regard to the Trump-Ukraine scandal,[352] a lack of action against the alleged Russian bounty program,[353] and Trump's incitement of the January 6 United States Capitol attack.[354]

Syria, Libya, and Afghanistan

Pelosi supports the Syria Accountability Act and Iran Freedom and Support Act. In a speech at the AIPAC 2005 annual conference, Pelosi said that "for too long, leaders from both parties haven't done enough" to put pressure on Russia and China who are providing Iran with technological information on nuclear issues and missiles. "If evidence of participation by other nations in Iran's nuclear program is discovered, I will insist that the Administration use, rather than ignore, the evidence in determining how the U.S. deals with that nation or nations on other issues."[355] In April 2007, Pelosi visited Syria, where she met Foreign Minister Walid Muallem, Vice President Farouk al-Sharaa and President Bashar Al-Assad, despite President Bush efforts to isolate Syria, because of militants crossing from Syria into Iraq, and supporting Hezbollah and Hamas.[356] During her visit, she conveyed Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert message for peace, and toured in Al-Hamidiyah Souq,[357] and the Umayyad Mosque.[358]

Pelosi supported the NATO-led military intervention in Libya in 2011.[359] She also favored arming Syria's rebel fighters.[360]

In January 2019, Pelosi criticized President Trump's planned withdrawal of U.S. troops from Syria and Afghanistan. She called Trump's announcement a "Christmas gift to Vladimir Putin".[361] In an October 2019 letter to Democratic caucus members, Pelosi wrote that both parties were condemning President Trump's deserting the US's "Kurdish allies in a foolish attempt to appease an authoritarian strongman" Recep Tayyip Erdoğan of Turkey and opined that the decision "poses a dire threat to regional security and stability, and sends a dangerous message to Iran and Russia, as well as our allies, that the United States is no longer a trusted partner".[362] Later that month, she visited Jordan to discuss the Syrian situation with King Abdullah II.[363] Afterwards, she went to Afghanistan, where she met President Ashraf Ghani and chief executive officer Abdullah Abdullah, and she was also briefed by U.S. diplomats on reconciliation efforts with the Taliban.[364]

Turkey

In mid-October 2007, after the House Foreign Affairs Committee passed a resolution to label the 1915 killing of Armenians by Ottoman Turks as genocide, Pelosi pledged to bring the measure to a vote.[365] The draft resolution prompted warnings from President Bush and fierce criticism from Turkey, with Turkey's Prime Minister saying that approval of the resolution would endanger U.S.–Turkey relations.[366] After House support eroded, the measure's sponsors dropped their call for a vote, and in late October Pelosi agreed to set the matter aside.[367]

The resolution was passed during Pelosi's second term as Speaker. The House voted 405 to 11 in October 2019 to confirm the resolution.[368]

Ukraine

On April 30, 2022, Pelosi met with President Volodymyr Zelenskyy in Kyiv, to pledge U.S. support for Ukraine during the Russian invasion.[369][370]

Gaza

After the drone strikes on aid workers from World Central Kitchen in April 2024, Pelosi, Mark Pocan, James P. McGovern, Jan Schakowsky, and 36 other Congressional Democrats urged President Biden in an open letter to reconsider planned arms shipments to the Israeli military.[371][372]

Public image

Pelosi has often been described as a polarizing figure, facing criticism from both the political right and left. Progressives have criticized her for her knowledge of waterboarding and other enhanced interrogation techniques during the War on Terror, accusing her of not objecting strongly enough to these practices.[373] Conservatives and libertarians have taken issue with her positions on gun rights, viewing her advocacy for gun control as an infringement on Second Amendment rights.[374] They have also criticized her stance on taxation, particularly her support for higher taxes on the wealthy and corporations to fund social programs.[373] Pelosi's role in leading the House to impeach President Donald Trump twice has drawn significant criticism from Trump supporters and Republicans, who perceived the impeachments as politically motivated and divisive.[373][375]

Pelosi has faced allegations of using her position for insider trading, particularly concerning stock transactions that critics claim were influenced by her legislative knowledge.[376] Critics have also depicted her as a symbol of liberal elitism, pointing to her strong opposition to populism and comments suggesting that some Americans reject Democratic policies due to their beliefs about "guns, gays, [and] God".[373][377] During the COVID-19 pandemic, Pelosi was accused of hypocrisy when she had her hair styled at a salon that was supposed to be closed for indoor appointments due to health restrictions, with critics alleging she used her position to receive preferential treatment.[378]

Electoral history

The city of San Francisco named a street in Golden Gate Park in honor of Pelosi after her many years representing the city in Congress.

Pelosi's only close race so far has been in the special election to succeed U.S. Representative Sala Burton after her death in February 1987. Pelosi defeated San Francisco Supervisor Harry Britt in the Democratic primary with 36 percent of the vote to his 32 percent,[15][379] then Republican Harriet Ross by more than 2-to-1.[380] Since then, Pelosi has enjoyed overwhelming support in her political career, collecting 76 and 77 percent of the vote in California's 5th congressional district 1988 and 1990. In 1992, after the redistricting from the 1990 census, Pelosi ran in California's 8th congressional district, which now covered the San Francisco area. She has continued to post landslide victories since, dropping beneath 80 percent of the vote only three times in general elections. After redistricting from the 2010 census, Pelosi ran in California's 12th congressional district, which she represented for the next decade. Due to the 2020 United States redistricting cycle from the 2020 census, Pelosi now represents California's 11th congressional district, which covers San Francisco.[381]

Personal life

Pelosi at the LBJ Presidential Library in 2022

Nancy D'Alesandro met Paul Francis Pelosi while she was attending college.[382] They married in Baltimore at the Cathedral of Mary Our Queen on September 7, 1963.[383] They then moved to New York, followed by a move to San Francisco in 1969, where her husband's brother Ronald Pelosi was a member of the City and County of San Francisco's Board of Supervisors.[384]

Nancy and Paul Pelosi have five children, including Christine and Alexandra, and nine grandchildren.[385] Alexandra, a journalist, covered the Republican presidential campaigns in 2000 and made a film about the experience, Journeys with George. In 2007, Christine published a book, Campaign Boot Camp: Basic Training for Future Leaders.[386]

Pelosi resides in the Pacific Heights neighborhood of San Francisco.[387][388] Her 2016 financial disclosure report lists among her assets a combined home and vineyard in St. Helena, California, two commercial buildings in San Francisco, and a townhouse in Loomis, California.[389] In January 2021, her San Francisco home was vandalized with graffiti, messages of "[c]ancel rent" were left on her garage, along with fake blood and a severed pig's head.[390][391]

Financial status

Pelosi's husband, Paul, is a wealthy investor and the primary source of the couple's wealth.[392] In 2009, OpenSecrets estimated Pelosi's net worth at $58 million, making her the 13th-wealthiest member of Congress.[393] In 2014, OpenSecrets reported Pelosi's net worth had almost doubled, to about $101 million, making her the 8th-wealthiest.[394] Business Insider reported that Pelosi's net worth was $26.4 million in 2012 and made her the 13th-richest member of Congress.[395] In 2018, Roll Call estimated Pelosi's net worth at $16.0 million, making her the 30th-wealthiest member.[396]

Roll Call said Pelosi's earnings are connected to her husband's heavy investments in stocks that include Apple, Disney, Comcast and Facebook. Roll Call reported that the couple have $13.46 million in liabilities including mortgages on seven properties. According to Roll Call, Pelosi and her husband hold properties "worth at least $23 million, including a St. Helena vineyard in Napa Valley worth at least $5 million."[396]

As of 2021, Pelosi's net worth was valued at $120 million, making her the 6th richest person in Congress. According to journalist Glenn Greenwald, the Pelosis have traded $33 million worth of tech stocks over the past two years, including Apple, Amazon, Microsoft, Facebook, and Google stocks.[397] In May and June 2021, Pelosi's husband purchased stocks in tech companies such as Alphabet, Amazon, and Apple, netting a gain of $5.3 million. This occurred even while Speaker Pelosi was working on anti-trust legislation to better regulate the tech industry.[398] The CEO of Apple, Tim Cook, had called Pelosi to lobby her in opposition to the new regulations.[399] Pelosi opposes increasing regulations on stock trades by members of congress, stating that "we're a free market economy" and congresspeople "should be able to participate in that".[400] This comment drew strong criticism, including from Democrats who favor banning stock trades by members of Congress.[401]

Involvement in Italian-American community

Pelosi is a board member of the National Organization of Italian American Women.[402] She served for 13 years as a board member of the National Italian American Foundation (NIAF). In 2007, she received the NIAF Special Achievement Award for Public Advocacy and remains involved in the foundation.

Catholic church

Pelosi considers herself a devout Catholic, but she has had numerous disagreements with members of the church hierarchy over gay rights, abortion, contraception, and in vitro fertilization. She has said that her biggest disappointment was the church's lobbying against the Affordable Care Act because of contraception coverage.[22]

Pelosi and Catholic bishops have also disagreed about abortion rights. Although she thought it was "lovely" that she had five children in a little over six years, she argued that "It's a woman's right to make her own choices with her family, her God, her doctor."[22]

On May 20, 2022, Salvatore Cordileone, archbishop of San Francisco, announced that Pelosi would be barred from receiving Holy Communion because of her support of pro-choice abortion policies.[403] Cordileone had communicated his concerns on April 7, 2022, writing, "should you not publicly repudiate your advocacy for abortion 'rights' or else refrain from referring to your Catholic faith in public and receiving Holy Communion, I would have no choice but to make a declaration, in keeping with Canon 915, that you are not to be admitted to Holy Communion."[404]

On June 29, 2022, Pelosi received Communion at a Papal Mass presided over by Pope Francis in Rome at St. Peter's Basilica.[405][406]

Home invasion

In October 2022, while Pelosi was in Washington, D.C., an intruder entered her San Francisco home demanding to know her whereabouts, and attacked her husband, Paul Pelosi, with a hammer. Police arrested a suspect, 42-year-old David DePape, at the scene. He has been charged federally with attempting to kidnap Nancy Pelosi and assaulting a relative of a federal official, as well as six state charges.[407]

Health

In December 2024, Pelosi was hospitalized after fracturing her hip while falling down stairs in high heels during an official trip to Luxembourg.[408][409][410] She was there as part of bipartisan congressional delegation to observe the 80th anniversary of the Battle of the Bulge.[411] On December 14, she underwent hip replacement surgery at Landstuhl Regional Medical Center, a U.S. military hospital in Germany.[412]

Books

  • Pelosi, Nancy; Hearth, Amy Hill (July 29, 2008). Know Your Power: A Message to America's Daughters (1st ed.). New York: Doubleday. ISBN 9780385525862. OCLC 259266145. At the Internet Archive (registration required).
  • Pelosi, Nancy (August 6, 2024). The Art of Power: My Story as America's First Woman Speaker of the House. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 9781668048047. OCLC 1449552548.

Honors and decorations

See also

References

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