List of medical abbreviations: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|none}} |
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{{no footnotes|date=October 2015}} |
{{no footnotes|date=October 2015}} |
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{{MedAbbrev}} |
{{MedAbbrev|nursing plan=medical terms of nursing plan}} |
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[[Abbreviation]]s are used very frequently in medicine. They boost efficiency as long as they are used intelligently. The advantages of brevity should be weighed against the possibilities of obfuscation (making the communication harder for others to understand) and ambiguity (having more than one possible interpretation). Certain medical abbreviations are avoided to prevent mistakes, according to [[best practice]]s (and in some cases regulatory requirements); these are flagged in the [[list of abbreviations used in medical prescriptions]]. |
[[Abbreviation]]s are used very frequently in medicine. They boost efficiency as long as they are used intelligently. The advantages of brevity should be weighed against the possibilities of obfuscation (making the communication harder for others to understand) and ambiguity (having more than one possible interpretation). Certain medical abbreviations are avoided to prevent mistakes, according to [[best practice]]s (and in some cases regulatory requirements); these are flagged in the [[list of abbreviations used in medical prescriptions]]. |
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=== Periods (stops) === |
=== Periods (stops) === |
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[[Full stop|Periods]] (stops) are often used in styling abbreviations. Prevalent practice in medicine today is often to |
[[Full stop|Periods]] (stops) are often used in styling abbreviations. Prevalent practice in medicine today is often to forgo them as unnecessary. |
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* '''Example:''' |
* '''Example:''' |
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** ''Less common:'' The diagnosis was |
** ''Less common:'' The diagnosis was ''C.O.P.D.'' <br /> [chronic obstructive pulmonary disease] |
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** ''More common:'' The diagnosis was |
** ''More common:'' The diagnosis was ''COPD'' <ref> Vera Pyle’s Current Medical Terminology, 11th Ed., Health Professions Institute, Modesto, California, 2007, p. 174 </ref> |
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=== Plurals === |
=== Plurals === |
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The prevalent way to represent plurals for medical acronyms and initialisms is simply to affix a lowercase ''s'' (no [[apostrophe]]). |
The prevalent way to represent plurals for medical acronyms and initialisms is simply to affix a lowercase ''s'' (no [[apostrophe]]). |
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* '''Example:''' |
* '''Example:''' one ''OCP'', two ''OCPs'' [oral contraceptive pills]. <ref> The AAMT Book of Style for Medical Transcription, 2nd Ed., Peg Hughes, CMT, American Association for Medical Transcription, {{ISBN|0-935229-38-8}}, copyright 2002 </ref> |
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=== Possessives === |
=== Possessives === |
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Possessive forms are not often needed, but can be formed using apostrophe + ''s''. Often the writer can also recast the sentence to avoid it. |
Possessive forms are not often needed, but can be formed using apostrophe + ''s''. Often the writer can also recast the sentence to avoid it. |
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* '''Example:''' |
* '''Example:''' |
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** |
** ''BP's'' effect on risk of MI is multifaceted. |
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** |
** The effect of ''BP'' on MI risk is multifaceted. |
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=== Arrows === |
=== Arrows === |
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Arrows may be used to indicate numerous conditions including elevation (↑), |
Arrows may be used to indicate numerous conditions including elevation (↑), diminution (↓), and causation (→, ←).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://stedmansonline.com/webFiles/Dict-Stedmans28/APP10.pdf|title=Stedman's Online | Reference}}</ref> |
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== Pronunciation == |
== Pronunciation == |
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Pronunciation follows convention outside the medical field, in which acronyms are generally pronounced as if they were a word (''[[JAMA (journal)|JAMA]]'', ''[[Sudden infant death syndrome|SIDS]]''), initialisms are generally pronounced as individual letters (''[[DNA]]'', ''[[SSRI]]''), and abbreviations generally use the expansion ('' |
Pronunciation follows convention outside the medical field, in which acronyms are generally pronounced as if they were a word (''[[JAMA (journal)|JAMA]]'', ''[[Sudden infant death syndrome|SIDS]]''), initialisms are generally pronounced as individual letters (''[[DNA]]'', ''[[SSRI]]''), and abbreviations generally use the expansion (''soln.'' = "[[Solution (chemistry)|solution]]", ''sup.'' = "[[Anatomical terms of location#Superior and inferior|superior]]"). Abbreviations of [[weights and measures]] are pronounced using the expansion of the unit (''mg'' = "milligram") and [[chemical symbols]] using the chemical expansion (''NaCl'' = "sodium chloride"). |
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Some initialisms deriving from Latin may be pronounced either as letters (''qid'' = "cue eye dee") or using the English expansion (''qid'' = "four times a day").{{cn|date=October 2015}} |
Some initialisms deriving from Latin may be pronounced either as letters (''qid'' = "cue eye dee") or using the English expansion (''qid'' = "four times a day").{{cn|date=October 2015}} |
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== Some common medical |
== Some common medical abbreviations == |
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''' Notation conventions''' |
''' Notation conventions''' |
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{| class="sortable wikitable" |
{| class="sortable wikitable" |
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|!width=" |
|!width="50"|EG abb |
||
!!width="300"|EG full name |
!!width="300"|EG full name |
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!!width="80"|Other<br />(ver change, need to know...etc.) |
!!width="80"|Other<br />(ver change, need to know...etc.) |
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|angiotensin-converting enzyme |
|angiotensin-converting enzyme |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|ACTH |
|ACTH |
||
|adrenocorticotropic hormone |
|adrenocorticotropic hormone |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
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|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|AFVSS |
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|Afebrile, vital signs stable<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Abbreviations.com|url=https://www.abbreviations.com/term/1394390|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=January 22, 2021|website=Abbreviations.com}}</ref> |
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| |
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|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|ADH |
|ADH |
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|antidiuretic hormone |
|antidiuretic hormone |
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|acquired immunodeficiency syndrome |
|acquired immunodeficiency syndrome |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
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|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|ALP |
|ALP |
||
|alkaline phosphatase |
|alkaline phosphatase |
||
| |
| |
||
|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|- |
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|ALT |
|ALT |
||
|alanine aminotransferase |
|alanine aminotransferase |
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|aspartate aminotransferase |
|aspartate aminotransferase |
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|old version is SGOT |
|old version is SGOT |
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|- |
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|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|ATP |
|ATP |
||
|adenosine triphosphate |
|adenosine triphosphate |
||
| |
| |
||
|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|- |
|||
|BCG |
|BCG |
||
|bacille Calmette-Guérin |
|bacille Calmette-Guérin |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
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|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|bid |
|bd, bid |
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|2 times a day |
|2 times a day |
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| |
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|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|BIBA |
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|brought in by ambulance |
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| |
| |
||
|- |
|- |
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|BIBP, BIBPD |
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|brought in by police |
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| |
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|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|BLS |
|BLS |
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|basic life support |
|basic life support |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
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|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|BMR |
|BMR |
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|basal metabolic rate |
|basal metabolic rate |
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|blood pressure |
|blood pressure |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
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|BPAD |
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|bipolar affective disorder |
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| |
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|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|BPD |
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|borderline personality disorder |
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|Often incorrectly used for bipolar disorder (BPAD is preferred) |
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|- |
|- |
||
|BSA |
|BSA |
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| |
| |
||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
||
|BUN |
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|blood urea nitrogen |
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| |
|||
|- |
|||
|BR |
|BR |
||
|bedside rounds |
|bedside rounds |
||
| |
| |
||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|BPD |
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|borderline personality disorder |
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|- |
|- |
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|BUN |
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|blood urea nitrogen |
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| |
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|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|C |
|C |
||
|Celsius; centigrade; complement |
|Celsius; centigrade; complement |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
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|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|Ca |
|Ca |
||
|calcium |
|calcium |
||
| |
| |
||
|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|- |
|||
|cAMP |
|CAMP, cAMP |
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|cyclic adenosine monophosphate |
|cyclic adenosine monophosphate |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
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|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|CBC |
|CBC |
||
|complete blood count |
|complete blood count |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|CDC |
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|Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
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| |
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|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|cGy |
|cGy |
||
|centigray |
|centigray |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
|||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|Ci |
|Ci |
||
|curie |
|curie |
||
| |
| |
||
|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|- |
|||
|CK |
|CK |
||
|creatine kinase |
|creatine kinase |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
|||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|Cl |
|Cl |
||
|chloride; chlorine |
|chloride; chlorine |
||
| |
| |
||
|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|- |
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|cm |
|cm |
||
|centimeter |
|centimeter(s)/centimetre(s) |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
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|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|CNS |
|CNS |
||
|central nervous system |
|central nervous system |
||
| |
| |
||
|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|- |
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|CO2 |
|CO2 |
||
|carbon dioxide |
|carbon dioxide |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
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|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|COPD |
|COPD |
||
|chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
|chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
||
| |
| |
||
|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|- |
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|CPK |
|CPK |
||
|creatine phosphokinase |
|creatine phosphokinase |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
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|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|CPK-MB |
|CPK-MB |
||
|creatine phosphokinase muscle bandisoenzyme |
|creatine phosphokinase muscle bandisoenzyme |
||
| |
| |
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|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|- |
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|CPR |
|CPR |
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|cardiopulmonary resuscitation |
|cardiopulmonary resuscitation |
||
| |
| |
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|- |
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|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|CSF |
|CSF |
||
|cerebrospinal fluid |
|cerebrospinal fluid |
||
| |
| |
||
|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|- |
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|CT |
|CT |
||
|computed tomography |
|computed tomography |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
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|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|Cu |
|Cu |
||
|cubic |
|cubic |
||
| |
| |
||
|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|- |
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|D & C |
|D & C |
||
|dilation and curettage |
|dilation and curettage |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
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|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|dL |
|dL |
||
|deciliter |
|deciliter(s)/decilitre(s) |
||
|1 dL = 100 mL |
|1 dL = 100 mL |
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|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|- |
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|DNA |
|DNA |
||
|deoxyribonucleic acid |
|deoxyribonucleic acid |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
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|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|DTP |
|DTP |
||
|diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis(toxoids/vaccine) |
|diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis(toxoids/vaccine) |
||
| |
| |
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|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|- |
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|D/W |
|D/W |
||
|dextrose in water |
|dextrose in water |
||
| |
| |
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|- |
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|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|ECF |
|ECF |
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|extracellular fluid |
|extracellular fluid |
||
| |
| |
||
|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|- |
|||
|ECG |
|ECG |
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|electrocardiogram |
|electrocardiogram |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
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|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|EEG |
|EEG |
||
|electroencephalogram |
|electroencephalogram |
||
| |
| |
||
|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|- |
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|EGD |
|EGD |
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|esophagogastroduodenoscopy |
|esophagogastroduodenoscopy |
||
| |
| |
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|- |
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|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|ENT |
|ENT |
||
|ear nose and throat |
|ear nose and throat |
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| |
| |
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|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|G |
|G, g |
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|gram |
|gram(s) |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
|- |
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|- |
|- |
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|GVHD |
|GVHD |
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|[[ |
|[[graft-versus-host disease]] |
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| |
| |
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|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|- |
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|G6PD |
|G6PD |
||
|glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase |
|glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase |
||
| |
| |
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|- |
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|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|GU |
|GU |
||
|genitourinary |
|genitourinary |
||
| |
| |
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|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|- |
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|Gy |
|Gy |
||
|gray |
|gray |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
|||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|H |
|H, h, hr |
||
|hour |
|hour(s) |
||
|'/24' is generally used in some regions. |
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| |
|||
|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
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|- |
|||
|Hb |
|Hb |
||
|hemoglobin |
|hemoglobin |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
|||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|HCl |
|HCl |
||
|hydrochloric acid; hydrochloride |
|hydrochloric acid; hydrochloride |
||
| |
| |
||
|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|- |
|||
|HCO3 |
|HCO3 |
||
|bicarbonate |
|bicarbonate |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
|||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|Hct |
|Hct |
||
|hematocrit |
|hematocrit |
||
| |
| |
||
|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|- |
|||
|Hg |
|Hg |
||
|mercury |
|mercury |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
|||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|[[Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act|HIPAA]] |
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|HIPAA |
|||
|Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act |
|Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act |
||
| |
| |
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| |
| |
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|- |
|- |
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|hs |
|||
|at bedtime |
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| |
|||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|Hz |
|Hz |
||
|hertz |
|hertz |
||
|cycles/second unit |
|cycles/second unit |
||
|- |
|||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|hs |
|||
|at bedtime |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|||
|ICF |
|ICF |
||
|intracellular fluid |
|intracellular fluid |
||
| |
| |
||
|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|- |
|||
|ICU |
|ICU |
||
|intensive care unit |
|intensive care unit |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
|||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|IgA |
|IgA |
||
|etc. |
|etc. immunoglobulin A |
||
| |
| |
||
|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|- |
|||
|IL |
|IL |
||
|interleukin |
|interleukin |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
|||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|IM |
|IM |
||
|intramuscular(ly) |
|intramuscular(ly) |
||
| |
| |
||
|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|- |
|||
|INR |
|INR |
||
|international normalized ratio |
|international normalized ratio |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
|||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|IPPB |
|IPPB |
||
|intermittent positive pressure breathing |
|intermittent positive pressure breathing |
||
| |
| |
||
|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|- |
|||
|IU |
|IU |
||
|international unit |
|international unit |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
|||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|IV |
|IV |
||
|intravenous(ly) |
|intravenous(ly) |
||
| |
| |
||
|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|- |
|||
|IVU |
|IVU |
||
|intravenous urography |
|intravenous urography |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
|||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|K |
|K |
||
|potassium |
|potassium |
||
| |
| |
||
|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|- |
|||
|kcal |
|kcal |
||
|kilocalorie |
|kilocalorie(s) |
||
|mean food calorie |
|mean food calorie |
||
|- |
|||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|kg |
|kg |
||
|kilogram |
|kilogram(s) |
||
| |
| |
||
|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|- |
|||
|L |
|L |
||
|liter |
|liter(s)/litre(s) |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
|||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|lb |
|lb |
||
|pound |
|pound(s) |
||
| |
| |
||
|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|- |
|||
|LDH |
|LDH |
||
|lactic dehydrogenase |
|lactic dehydrogenase |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
|||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|LDLc |
|LDLc |
||
|low-density lipoprotein cholesterol |
|low-density lipoprotein cholesterol |
||
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|- |
|- |
||
|m |
|m |
||
|meter |
|meter(s)/metre(s) |
||
| |
| |
||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|mane |
|||
|in the morning |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|||
|mc |
|||
|micro- |
|||
|required in some regions to avoid the confusion of 'μ' with 'm' ('milli-'). |
|||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
||
|MCH |
|MCH |
||
Line 436: | Line 467: | ||
|Milliequivalent |
|Milliequivalent |
||
| |
| |
||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|midi |
|||
|midday |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|Mg |
|Mg |
||
Line 442: | Line 476: | ||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
||
|mg |
|mg |
||
|milligram |
|milligram(s) |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
|- |
||
Line 453: | Line 487: | ||
| |
| |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|min(s) |
|||
|minute(s) |
|||
|'/60' is used in some regions. |
|||
|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|mIU |
|mIU |
||
|milli-international unit |
|milli-international unit |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
|||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|mL, {{not a typo|ml}} |
|||
|mL |
|||
|milliliter |
|milliliter(s)/millilitre(s) |
||
| |
| |
||
|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|- |
|||
|mm |
|mm |
||
|millimeter |
|millimeter(s)/millimetre(s) |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
|||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|mmol |
|mmol |
||
|millimole |
|millimole(s) |
||
| |
| |
||
|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|- |
|||
|mo |
|mo |
||
|month |
|month |
||
|'/12' is used in some regions. |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|mol |
|mol |
||
|wt molecular weight |
|wt molecular weight |
||
| |
| |
||
|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|- |
|||
|mOsm |
|mOsm |
||
|milliosmole(s) |
|||
|Milliosmole |
|||
| |
| |
||
|- |
|||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|MRI |
|MRI |
||
|magnetic resonance imaging |
|magnetic resonance imaging |
||
| |
| |
||
|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|- |
|||
|N |
|N |
||
|nitrogen; normal |
|nitrogen; normal |
||
|unit to measure strength of solution |
|unit to measure strength of solution |
||
|- |
|||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|Na |
|Na |
||
|sodium |
|sodium |
||
| |
| |
||
|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|- |
|||
|NaCl |
|NaCl |
||
|sodium chloride |
|sodium chloride |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
|||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|NAEON |
|||
|no adverse events overnight<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=January 22, 2021|title=AllAcronyms|url=https://www.allacronyms.com/NAEON/medical|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=January 22, 2021|website=AllAcronyms}}</ref> |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|||
|ng |
|ng |
||
|nanogram |
|nanogram |
||
|also |
|billionth of a gram; also known as millimicrogram |
||
|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|- |
|||
|nm |
|nm |
||
|nanometer |
|nanometer |
||
|also |
|billionth of a meter; also known as millimicron |
||
|- |
|||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|nmol |
|nmol |
||
|nanomole |
|nanomole |
||
| |
|||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|nocte |
|||
|at night |
|||
| |
| |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|Npo |
|Npo |
||
|nothing by mouth |
|nothing by mouth/nil by mouth |
||
| |
| |
||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
||
Line 526: | Line 572: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
|oz |
|oz |
||
|ounce |
|ounce(s) |
||
| |
| |
||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
||
Line 566: | Line 612: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
|pg |
|pg |
||
|picogram |
|picogram(s) |
||
|micromicrogram |
|micromicrogram |
||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
||
Line 595: | Line 641: | ||
|prn |
|prn |
||
|as needed |
|as needed |
||
|from the Latin ''pro re nata'' |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|PT |
|PT |
||
Line 636: | Line 682: | ||
|subcutaneous(ly) |
|subcutaneous(ly) |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|s/e |
|||
|side-effect(s) |
|||
| |
|||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|SI |
|SI |
||
|International System of Units |
|International System of Units |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
|||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|SIDS |
|SIDS |
||
|sudden infant death syndrome |
|sudden infant death syndrome |
||
| |
| |
||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|- |
|||
|SLE |
|SLE |
||
|systemic lupus erythematosus |
|systemic lupus erythematosus |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
|||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|soln |
|soln |
||
|solution |
|solution |
||
| |
| |
||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|- |
|||
|sp |
|sp |
||
|species |
|species |
||
|singular |
|singular |
||
|- |
|||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|spp |
|spp |
||
|species |
|species |
||
|plural |
|plural |
||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|- |
|||
|sp gr |
|sp gr |
||
|specific gravity |
|specific gravity |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
|||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|sq |
|sq |
||
|square |
|square |
||
| |
| |
||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|- |
|||
|SSRI |
|SSRI |
||
|selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor |
|selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
|||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|STS |
|STS |
||
|serologic test(s) for syphilis |
|serologic test(s) for syphilis |
||
| |
| |
||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|- |
|||
|T&A |
|T&A |
||
|tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy |
|tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
|||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|TB |
|TB |
||
|tuberculosis |
|tuberculosis |
||
| |
| |
||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
||
|tds |
|||
|3 times a day |
|||
|tid preferred in some regions |
|||
|- |
|||
|TIBC |
|TIBC |
||
|total iron-binding capacity |
|total iron-binding capacity |
||
| |
| |
||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
||
|tid |
|tid |
||
|3 times a day |
|3 times a day |
||
|tds preferred in some regions |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|TPN |
|TPN |
||
|total parenteral nutrition |
|total parenteral nutrition |
||
| |
| |
||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
||
|URI |
|URI |
||
|upper respiratory infection |
|upper respiratory infection |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|URTI |
|||
|upper respiratory tract infection |
|||
| |
|||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|UTI |
|UTI |
||
|urinary tract infection |
|urinary tract infection |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
|||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|WBC |
|WBC |
||
|white blood cell |
|white blood cell |
||
| |
| |
||
|-style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|||
|- |
|||
|WHO |
|WHO |
||
|World Health Organization |
|World Health Organization |
||
| |
|||
|- |
|||
|WR |
|||
|ward round |
|||
| |
| |
||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
||
Line 726: | Line 788: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
|μg |
|μg |
||
|microgram |
|microgram(s) |
||
| |
| |
||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
||
|μL |
|μL |
||
|microliter |
|microliter(s)/microlitre(s) |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|μm |
|μm |
||
|micrometer |
|micrometer(s)/micrometre(s) |
||
|also |
|also referred to as microns |
||
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
|- style="background:#f8ecf2;" |
||
|μmol |
|μmol |
||
|micromole |
|micromole(s) |
||
| |
| |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|μOsm |
|μOsm |
||
|micro-osmole |
|micro-osmole(s) |
||
| |
| |
||
|- style="background:#f5e8ec;" |
|- style="background:#f5e8ec;" |
||
|mμ |
|mμ |
||
|millimicron |
|millimicron(s) |
||
|also referred to as nanometers/nanometres |
|||
|also name nanometer |
|||
|} |
|} |
||
Line 760: | Line 822: | ||
== References == |
== References == |
||
{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
||
* {{cite book | |
* {{cite book | last1 = Movshovitz-Attias | first1 = Dana | last2 = Cohen | first2 = William W. | title = Alignment-HMM-based Extraction of Abbreviations from Biomedical Text | publisher = NAACL | location = Montreal, Canada | year = 2012 }} [https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dmovshov/papers/dma_abbvAlignment_bioNLP2012.pdf]. |
||
* {{cite book | last = Davis | first = Neil M. | title = Medical Abbreviations: 32,000 Conveniences at the Expense of Communication and Safety | edition = 15th | publisher = Neil M Davis Associates | location = Warminster, PA, USA | year = 2014 | isbn = 978-0-931431-15-9 }} Available online (by subscription) at [http://www.medabbrev.com MedAbbrev.com]. |
* {{cite book | last = Davis | first = Neil M. | title = Medical Abbreviations: 32,000 Conveniences at the Expense of Communication and Safety | edition = 15th | publisher = Neil M Davis Associates | location = Warminster, PA, USA | year = 2014 | isbn = 978-0-931431-15-9 }} Available online (by subscription) at [http://www.medabbrev.com MedAbbrev.com]. |
||
* {{cite book | last = Jablonski | first = Stanley | title = Jablonski's Dictionary of Medical Acronyms and Abbreviations with CD-ROM | edition = 6th | publisher = Saunders | location = Philadelphia | year = 2008 | isbn = 978-1-4160-5899-1 }} |
* {{cite book | last = Jablonski | first = Stanley | title = Jablonski's Dictionary of Medical Acronyms and Abbreviations with CD-ROM | edition = 6th | publisher = Saunders | location = Philadelphia | year = 2008 | isbn = 978-1-4160-5899-1 }} |
||
* {{cite book | last = Sloane | first = Sheila B. | title = Medical Abbreviations & Eponyms | edition = 2nd | publisher = Saunders | location = Philadelphia | year = 1997 | isbn = 978-0-7216-7088-1 }} |
* {{cite book | last = Sloane | first = Sheila B. | title = Medical Abbreviations & Eponyms | edition = 2nd | publisher = Saunders | location = Philadelphia | year = 1997 | isbn = 978-0-7216-7088-1 | url-access = registration | url = https://archive.org/details/medicalabbreviat00sloa }} |
||
== External links == |
== External links == |
||
* |
*[https://medicotools.com Biggest Collection of Medical Abbreviations ] |
||
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20200525080907/https://viceprovost.tufts.edu/HSIRB/glossary/ Glossary of Medical Terms - Tufts University] |
|||
*[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=eu.ipix.NativeMedAbbrevEN Medical Abbreviations EN] English Medical Abbreviations for Android |
|||
* [http://www.jdmd.com/abbreviations-glossary.asp JD.MD, Inc. online Medical & Dental Abbreviations Glossary] |
* [http://www.jdmd.com/abbreviations-glossary.asp JD.MD, Inc. online Medical & Dental Abbreviations Glossary] |
||
* [http://www.jdmd.com/abbreviations-groups.asp Acronyms for Medical & Dental professional organizations] |
* [http://www.jdmd.com/abbreviations-groups.asp Acronyms for Medical & Dental professional organizations] |
||
Line 773: | Line 837: | ||
* [http://www.allacronyms.com/_medical Medical acronyms and abbreviations on allacronyms.com] |
* [http://www.allacronyms.com/_medical Medical acronyms and abbreviations on allacronyms.com] |
||
* [http://www.medicabbreviations.com/ Over 20,000 medical abbreviations sorted into specialist categories] |
* [http://www.medicabbreviations.com/ Over 20,000 medical abbreviations sorted into specialist categories] |
||
* [ |
* [https://abbreviationlab.com/category/medical Medical abbreviations in various categories such as Physiology, Oncology, Laboratory and more] |
||
* [https://www.fullformgo.com/terms?search=A&cat_name=Medicine&page=1 All List of Medical Abbreviations and full forms at fullformgo directory] |
|||
{{MedAbbrev}} |
{{MedAbbrev}} |
Latest revision as of 14:13, 28 April 2024
This article includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. (October 2015) |
Abbreviations are used very frequently in medicine. They boost efficiency as long as they are used intelligently. The advantages of brevity should be weighed against the possibilities of obfuscation (making the communication harder for others to understand) and ambiguity (having more than one possible interpretation). Certain medical abbreviations are avoided to prevent mistakes, according to best practices (and in some cases regulatory requirements); these are flagged in the list of abbreviations used in medical prescriptions.
Orthographic styling
[edit]Periods (stops)
[edit]Periods (stops) are often used in styling abbreviations. Prevalent practice in medicine today is often to forgo them as unnecessary.
- Example:
- Less common: The diagnosis was C.O.P.D.
[chronic obstructive pulmonary disease] - More common: The diagnosis was COPD [1]
- Less common: The diagnosis was C.O.P.D.
Plurals
[edit]The prevalent way to represent plurals for medical acronyms and initialisms is simply to affix a lowercase s (no apostrophe).
- Example: one OCP, two OCPs [oral contraceptive pills]. [2]
Possessives
[edit]Possessive forms are not often needed, but can be formed using apostrophe + s. Often the writer can also recast the sentence to avoid it.
- Example:
- BP's effect on risk of MI is multifaceted.
- The effect of BP on MI risk is multifaceted.
Arrows
[edit]Arrows may be used to indicate numerous conditions including elevation (↑), diminution (↓), and causation (→, ←).[3]
Pronunciation
[edit]Pronunciation follows convention outside the medical field, in which acronyms are generally pronounced as if they were a word (JAMA, SIDS), initialisms are generally pronounced as individual letters (DNA, SSRI), and abbreviations generally use the expansion (soln. = "solution", sup. = "superior"). Abbreviations of weights and measures are pronounced using the expansion of the unit (mg = "milligram") and chemical symbols using the chemical expansion (NaCl = "sodium chloride"). Some initialisms deriving from Latin may be pronounced either as letters (qid = "cue eye dee") or using the English expansion (qid = "four times a day").[citation needed]
Some common medical abbreviations
[edit]Notation conventions
- This series of lists omits periods from acronyms and initialisms.
- It uses periods for certain abbreviations that traditionally often have them (mostly older Latin/Neo-Latin abbreviations). For example, both bid and b.i.d. may be found in the list.
- It generally uses the singular form of an abbreviation (not the plural) as the headword.
- This list uses significant capitalization for headwords (the abbreviations) and their expansions. [4]
EG abb | EG full name | Other (ver change, need to know...etc.) |
---|---|---|
ABG | arterial blood gas | |
ACE | angiotensin-converting enzyme | |
ACTH | adrenocorticotropic hormone | |
AFVSS | Afebrile, vital signs stable[5] | |
ADH | antidiuretic hormone | |
AED | automated external defibrillator | |
AIDS | acquired immunodeficiency syndrome | |
ALP | alkaline phosphatase | |
ALT | alanine aminotransferase | old version is SGPT |
ASA | acetylsalicylic acid | aspirin |
AST | aspartate aminotransferase | old version is SGOT |
ATP | adenosine triphosphate | |
BCG | bacille Calmette-Guérin | |
bd, bid | 2 times a day | |
BIBA | brought in by ambulance | |
BIBP, BIBPD | brought in by police | |
BLS | basic life support | |
BMR | basal metabolic rate | |
BP | blood pressure | |
BPAD | bipolar affective disorder | |
BPD | borderline personality disorder | Often incorrectly used for bipolar disorder (BPAD is preferred) |
BSA | body surface area | |
BR | bedside rounds | |
BUN | blood urea nitrogen | |
C | Celsius; centigrade; complement | |
Ca | calcium | |
CAMP, cAMP | cyclic adenosine monophosphate | |
CBC | complete blood count | |
CDC | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | |
cGy | centigray | |
Ci | curie | |
CK | creatine kinase | |
Cl | chloride; chlorine | |
cm | centimeter(s)/centimetre(s) | |
CNS | central nervous system | |
CO2 | carbon dioxide | |
COPD | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | |
CPK | creatine phosphokinase | |
CPK-MB | creatine phosphokinase muscle bandisoenzyme | |
CPR | cardiopulmonary resuscitation | |
CSF | cerebrospinal fluid | |
CT | computed tomography | |
Cu | cubic | |
D & C | dilation and curettage | |
dL | deciliter(s)/decilitre(s) | 1 dL = 100 mL |
DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid | |
DTP | diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis(toxoids/vaccine) | |
D/W | dextrose in water | |
ECF | extracellular fluid | |
ECG | electrocardiogram | |
EEG | electroencephalogram | |
EGD | esophagogastroduodenoscopy | |
ENT | ear nose and throat | |
ERCP | endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography | |
ESR | erythrocyte sedimentation rate | |
F | Fahrenheit | |
FDA | U.S. Food and Drug Administration | |
Ft | foot; feet | measure unit |
FUO | fever of unknown origin | |
G, g | gram(s) | |
GFR | glomerular filtration rate | |
GI | gastrointestinal | |
GVHD | graft-versus-host disease | |
G6PD | glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase | |
GU | genitourinary | |
Gy | gray | |
H, h, hr | hour(s) | '/24' is generally used in some regions. |
Hb | hemoglobin | |
HCl | hydrochloric acid; hydrochloride | |
HCO3 | bicarbonate | |
Hct | hematocrit | |
Hg | mercury | |
HIPAA | Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act | |
HIV | human immunodeficiency virus | |
HLA | human leukocyte antigen | |
HMG-CoA | hydroxymethyl glutaryl coenzyme A | |
hs | at bedtime | |
Hz | hertz | cycles/second unit |
ICF | intracellular fluid | |
ICU | intensive care unit | |
IgA | etc. immunoglobulin A | |
IL | interleukin | |
IM | intramuscular(ly) | |
INR | international normalized ratio | |
IPPB | intermittent positive pressure breathing | |
IU | international unit | |
IV | intravenous(ly) | |
IVU | intravenous urography | |
K | potassium | |
kcal | kilocalorie(s) | mean food calorie |
kg | kilogram(s) | |
L | liter(s)/litre(s) | |
lb | pound(s) | |
LDH | lactic dehydrogenase | |
LDLc | low-density lipoprotein cholesterol | |
M | molar | |
m | meter(s)/metre(s) | |
mane | in the morning | |
mc | micro- | required in some regions to avoid the confusion of 'μ' with 'm' ('milli-'). |
MCH | mean corpuscular hemoglobin | |
MCHC | mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration | |
mCi | millicurie | |
MCV | mean corpuscular volume | |
mEq | Milliequivalent | |
midi | midday | |
Mg | magnesium | |
mg | milligram(s) | |
MI | myocardial infarction | |
MIC | minimum inhibitory concentration | |
min(s) | minute(s) | '/60' is used in some regions. |
mIU | milli-international unit | |
mL, ml | milliliter(s)/millilitre(s) | |
mm | millimeter(s)/millimetre(s) | |
mmol | millimole(s) | |
mo | month | '/12' is used in some regions. |
mol | wt molecular weight | |
mOsm | milliosmole(s) | |
MRI | magnetic resonance imaging | |
N | nitrogen; normal | unit to measure strength of solution |
Na | sodium | |
NaCl | sodium chloride | |
NAEON | no adverse events overnight[6] | |
ng | nanogram | billionth of a gram; also known as millimicrogram |
nm | nanometer | billionth of a meter; also known as millimicron |
nmol | nanomole | |
nocte | at night | |
Npo | nothing by mouth/nil by mouth | |
NSAID | nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug | |
O2 | oxygen | |
OTC | over-the-counter | pharmaceuticals |
oz | ounce(s) | |
P | phosphorus; pressure | |
PAco2 | alveolar carbon dioxide partial pressure | |
Paco2 | arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure | |
PAo2 | alveolar oxygen partial pressure | |
Pao2 | arterial oxygen partial pressure | |
PAS | periodic acid-Schiff | |
Pco2 | carbon dioxide partial pressure | or tension |
PCR | polymerase chain reaction | |
PET | positron emission tomography | |
pg | picogram(s) | micromicrogram |
pH | hydrogen ion concentration | |
PMN | polymorphonuclear leukocyte | |
po | orally | |
Po2 | oxygen partial pressure | or tension |
PPD | purified protein derivative | tuberculin |
ppm | parts per million | |
prn | as needed | from the Latin pro re nata |
PT | prothrombin time | |
PTT | partial thromboplastin time | |
q | every | |
qid | 4 times a day | |
RA | rheumatoid arthritis | |
RBC | red blood cell | |
RNA | ribonucleic acid | |
Sao2 | arterial oxygen saturation | |
SBE | subacute bacterial endocarditis | |
sc | subcutaneous(ly) | |
s/e | side-effect(s) | |
SI | International System of Units | |
SIDS | sudden infant death syndrome | |
SLE | systemic lupus erythematosus | |
soln | solution | |
sp | species | singular |
spp | species | plural |
sp gr | specific gravity | |
sq | square | |
SSRI | selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor | |
STS | serologic test(s) for syphilis | |
T&A | tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy | |
TB | tuberculosis | |
tds | 3 times a day | tid preferred in some regions |
TIBC | total iron-binding capacity | |
tid | 3 times a day | tds preferred in some regions |
TPN | total parenteral nutrition | |
URI | upper respiratory infection | |
URTI | upper respiratory tract infection | |
UTI | urinary tract infection | |
WBC | white blood cell | |
WHO | World Health Organization | |
WR | ward round | |
wt | weight | |
μ | micro-; micron | |
μCi | microcurie | |
μg | microgram(s) | |
μL | microliter(s)/microlitre(s) | |
μm | micrometer(s)/micrometre(s) | also referred to as microns |
μmol | micromole(s) | |
μOsm | micro-osmole(s) | |
mμ | millimicron(s) | also referred to as nanometers/nanometres |
See also
[edit]- List of abbreviations used in medical prescriptions
- List of medical roots, suffixes and prefixes
- Medical dictionary
- Medical slang
- Abbreviation#Style conventions in English
- Acronym and initialism#Orthographic styling
References
[edit]- ^ Vera Pyle’s Current Medical Terminology, 11th Ed., Health Professions Institute, Modesto, California, 2007, p. 174
- ^ The AAMT Book of Style for Medical Transcription, 2nd Ed., Peg Hughes, CMT, American Association for Medical Transcription, ISBN 0-935229-38-8, copyright 2002
- ^ "Stedman's Online | Reference" (PDF).
- ^ The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy, 28th Ed., page xi, Merck Research Laboratories, Whitehouse Station, NJ, 2006
- ^ "Abbreviations.com". Abbreviations.com. Retrieved January 22, 2021.
- ^ "AllAcronyms". AllAcronyms. January 22, 2021. Retrieved January 22, 2021.
- Movshovitz-Attias, Dana; Cohen, William W. (2012). Alignment-HMM-based Extraction of Abbreviations from Biomedical Text. Montreal, Canada: NAACL. [1].
- Davis, Neil M. (2014). Medical Abbreviations: 32,000 Conveniences at the Expense of Communication and Safety (15th ed.). Warminster, PA, USA: Neil M Davis Associates. ISBN 978-0-931431-15-9. Available online (by subscription) at MedAbbrev.com.
- Jablonski, Stanley (2008). Jablonski's Dictionary of Medical Acronyms and Abbreviations with CD-ROM (6th ed.). Philadelphia: Saunders. ISBN 978-1-4160-5899-1.
- Sloane, Sheila B. (1997). Medical Abbreviations & Eponyms (2nd ed.). Philadelphia: Saunders. ISBN 978-0-7216-7088-1.
External links
[edit]- Biggest Collection of Medical Abbreviations
- Glossary of Medical Terms - Tufts University
- Medical Abbreviations EN English Medical Abbreviations for Android
- JD.MD, Inc. online Medical & Dental Abbreviations Glossary
- Acronyms for Medical & Dental professional organizations
- Medical Abbreviations for iPhone
- Medical abbreviations on mediLexicon
- Medical acronyms and abbreviations on allacronyms.com
- Over 20,000 medical abbreviations sorted into specialist categories
- Medical abbreviations in various categories such as Physiology, Oncology, Laboratory and more