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{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2019}}
{{short description|Iranian palace and historic site}}
{{short description|Iranian palace and historic site}}
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{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2019}}
{{Infobox historic site
{{Infobox historic site
| name = Niavaran Complex
| name = Niavaran Complex
Line 6: Line 6:
| caption = The Niavaran mansion.
| caption = The Niavaran mansion.
| location = [[Shemiran]] (northern [[Tehran]]), [[Iran]]
| location = [[Shemiran]] (northern [[Tehran]]), [[Iran]]
| type = [[Historic house museum|Historic house]], [[Museum#Memorial museums|memorial]]
| type = [[Palace Museum]], [[Museum#Memorial|memorial]]
| coordinates = {{coord|35.8120|N|51.4725|E}}
| coordinates = {{coord|35.8120|N|51.4725|E}}
| governing_body = [[Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization of Iran|Cultural Heritage Organization of Iran]]
| governing_body = [[Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization of Iran|Cultural Heritage Organization of Iran]]
| website =
| website =
| built = 1772
| built = 1772
| restored_by = Mohammad Reza Nikbakht
}}
}}


The '''Niavaran Palace Complex''' ({{lang-fa|مجموعه کاخ نیاوران}} – ''Majmue ye Niāvarān'') is a historical palace complex situated in [[Shemiran]] (northern [[Tehran]]), [[Iran]]. It consists of several palace buildings and monuments dating back to the [[Qajar dynasty|Qajar]] and [[Pahlavi dynasty|Pahlavi]] eras.<ref name="niamu"/>
The '''Niavaran Palace Complex''' ({{langx|fa|مجموعه کاخ نیاوران}} – ''Majmue-ye Kākh-e Niāvarān'') is a historical palace complex situated in [[Shemiran]] (northern [[Tehran]]), [[Iran]]. It consists of several palace buildings and monuments dating back to the [[Qajar dynasty|Qajar]] and [[Pahlavi dynasty|Pahlavi]] eras.<ref name="niamu"/>


==History==
==History==
The complex traces its origin to a garden in the region of [[Niavaran]], which was used as a summer residence by [[Fath-Ali Shah Qajar|Fath-Ali Shah]] (1772–1834) of the [[Qajar Dynasty]].{{fact|date=February 2019}}


During the reign of [[Mohammad Reza Pahlavi|Mohammad Reza Shah]], a new [[palace]] named ''Niavaran'' was constructed for the imperial family. The palace was designed in 1958 and completed in 1967. It served a variety of purposes for the imperial court including as a home for the Shah and [[Farah Pahlavi|Shahbanu Farah]] as well a place to entertain visiting foreign heads of state. On New Year's Eve 1977, the reception and state banquet for US President [[Jimmy Carter]] took place here.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.realclearpolitics.com/lists/famous_political_handshakes/cartershah_of_iran.html |title=8 Handshakes That Changed History: Jimmy Carter - Shah of Iran |date=April 21, 2009 |website=[[RealClearPolitics]]}}</ref>
A pavilion was built in the garden by the order of [[Naser al-Din Shah Qajar|Naser ed Din Shah]] (1831–1896) of the same dynasty, which was initially referred to as ''Niavaran'', and was later renamed ''Saheb Qaranie''. The [[Ahmad Shahi Pavilion|pavilion]] of [[Ahmad Shah Qajar]] (1898–1930) was built in the late Qajar period.{{fact|date=February 2019}}


During the reign of the [[Pahlavi Dynasty]], a new [[palace]] named ''Niavaran'' was built for the imperial family of [[Mohammad Reza Pahlavi|Mohammad Reza Shah]] (1919–1980). All of the peripheral buildings of the Saheb Qaranie, with the exception of the Ahmad Shahi Pavilion, were demolished, and the present-day structures were built to the north of the Saheb Qaranie. The Ahmad Shahi Pavilion was then used as an exhibition centre for presents from world leaders to the Iranian imperial monarchs.<ref name="niamu">[http://niavaranmu.ir/cat/161 Niavaran Cultural Historic Complex: History] {{fa}}</ref>
The Shah and Shahbanu left basically everything behind when they left Iran in January 1979. All of the peripheral buildings of the [[Sahebgharaniyeh Palace]], with the exception of the [[Ahmad Shahi Pavilion]], were demolished, and the present-day structures were built to the north of the Sahebgharaniyeh. The Ahmad Shahi Pavilion was then used as an exhibition centre for presents from world leaders to the Iranian shahs.<ref name="niamu">[http://niavaranmu.ir/cat/161 Niavaran Cultural Historic Complex: History] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160131201805/http://niavaranmu.ir/cat/161 |date=31 January 2016 }} {{in lang|fa}}</ref>


==Private library==
==Private library==
Private library of the Niavaran Palace Complex is located at the [[Niavaran Palace Complex]], a historical complex remaining from the [[Qajar]] and [[Pahlavi dynasty|Pahlavi]] periods. The library consists of about 23,000 books, mostly in the [[Persian language|Persian]] and [[French language|French]] languages, and specialises in books related to [[philosophy]].{{fact|date=February 2019}}


The library was publicly inaugurated in 1994, on the occasion of [[International Museum Day]].<ref>[http://oldregion1.tehran.ir/Default.aspx?PageContentMode=1&tabid=21548]{{dead link|date=April 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Niavaran Cultural&nbsp;– Historical Complex/Private Library, 25 April 2011</ref>
The library was publicly inaugurated in 1994, on the occasion of [[International Museum Day]].<ref>http://oldregion1.tehran.ir/Default.aspx?PageContentMode=1&tabid=21548 {{dead link|date=April 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Niavaran Cultural&nbsp;– Historical Complex/Private Library, 25 April 2011</ref>


===Construction===
===Construction===
The interior designing of the library was designed by architect [[Abdol-Aziz Mirza Farmanfarmaian|Aziz Farmanfarmayan]]. It has dissimilar features from the point of view of architecture and constructional structure, and was built based on the [[contemporary architecture]] prevailing in the 1970s.
The interior designing of the library was designed by architect [[Abdol-Aziz Mirza Farmanfarmaian|Aziz Farmanfarmayan]].

The building's design was materialized with a combination of [[bronze]] and special glass. About 300 well-lit [[cylinder (geometry)|cylinders]] supply the needed lighting of the library.

The library was fully reorganized after twenty five months of practical and hard attempt.


===Features===
===Features===
The building is allocated to libraries in three separate levels; the [[wikt:reading room|reading room]], the main library, and the audio visual room. In addition, the library includes an underground basement for storing paintings and other artifacts.
The building is allocated to libraries in three separate levels; the [[wikt:reading room|reading room]], the main library, and the audio visual room. Other sections of the library include sets of artwork, which number over 350. The works reflect parts of [[modern art]] history, particularly the modern tendencies of [[Iranian art]] in the 1950s and 1960s.

Other sections of the library include sets of artwork, which number over 350. The works reflect parts of [[modern art]] history, particularly the modern tendencies of [[Iranian art]] in the 1950s and 1960s.


===Gallery===
===Gallery===
<gallery mode=packed>
<gallery mode="packed">
Niavaran palace library (15).jpg|Non-Persian books
File:Niavaran palace library (15).jpg|Books
Niavaran palace library (16).jpg|The first floor
File:Niavaran palace library (16).jpg|The first floor
Niavaran palace library (17).jpg|Book shelves and glassy cylindrical ceiling
File:Niavaran palace library (17).jpg|Book shelves and glassy cylindrical ceiling
Niavaran palace library (21).jpg|The first floor
File:Niavaran palace library (21).jpg|The first floor
Niavaran palace library (22).jpg|Another view of inside the library
File:Niavarn lib IMG 3447.jpg|Another view of inside the library
File:Niavaran library IMG 3459.jpg|Another view of inside the library
</gallery>
</gallery>



==Gallery==
==Gallery==
{{Panorama | image= File:Pano-niavaran-sitting-room.jpg |height=200 |caption=Sitting room inside the Niavaran Mansion}}
<gallery mode=packed>
<gallery mode="packed">
2011 Ahmad-Shahi Pavilion Tehran 6214852688 by Kamyar Adl.jpg |[[Ahmad Shahi Pavilion]]
File:2011 Ahmad-Shahi Pavilion Tehran 6214852688 by Kamyar Adl.jpg|[[Ahmad Shahi Pavilion]]
Sahebgharanie.JPG|The Saheb Qaranie
File:Sahebgharanie.JPG|[[Sahebgharaniyeh Palace]]
2011 Sahebqraniyeh Palace Tehran 6250140114.jpg|The Imperial office of the Shah within the Saheb Qaranie.
Niavaran Palace garden.jpg|Area in front of the Niavaran Mansion.
File:2011 Sahebqraniyeh Palace Tehran 6250140114.jpg|The office of the Shah within the Sahebgharaniyeh.
غروب در پنجره کاخ.jpg|The gate of the Niavaran Mansion.
File:Niavaran Palace garden.jpg|Area in front of the Niavaran Mansion.
تالار کاخ نیاوران، از نمای بالا.jpg|Inside the Niavaran Mansion.
File:غروب در پنجره کاخ.jpg|The gate of the Niavaran Mansion.
Nyavaran Palace.JPG|Inside the Niavaran Mansion.
File:Nyavaran Palace.JPG|Inside the Niavaran Mansion.
درون کاخ.jpg|Inside the Niavaran Mansion.
File:تالار کاخ نیاوران، از نمای بالا.jpg|Inside the Niavaran Mansion.
File:درون کاخ.jpg|Inside the Niavaran Mansion.
⚫
Kooshk Ahmadshahi.jpg|[[Ahmad Shahi Pavilion]]
File:2019-01-07 Iran, Tehran, Niavaran Mansion DSC 7679 DxO6 PS AF.jpg|Inside the Niavaran Mansion.
⚫
Inside of ahmadshahi palace.jpg|Inside the [[Ahmad Shahi Pavilion]].
File:2019-01-07 Iran, Tehran, Niavaran Mansion DSC 7644 DxO6 PS.jpg|Inside the Niavaran Mansion.
⚫
NiavaranPalaceTehran.jpg|Area in front of the Pavilion.
File:Niavaran-main-palace.jpg|Inside the Niavaran Mansion
⚫
Ahmad Shahs Pavilion.jpg|[[Ahmad Shahi Pavilion]]
⚫
File:Kooshk ahmad shahi IMG 3588.jpg|Ahmad Shahi Pavilion
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File:Inside of ahmadshahi palace.jpg|Inside the Ahmad Shahi Pavilion.
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File:NiavaranPalaceTehran.jpg|Area in front of the Pavilion.
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File:Ahmad Shahs Pavilion.jpg|Ahmad Shahi Pavilion
File:Farah Pahlavi's dressing table.jpg|Shahbanu Farah's dressing table
File:IMG 3360niavaran.jpg|Corridor to private rooms in Niavaran Palace
File:Alireza pahlavi room.jpg|Interior of [[Ali Reza Pahlavi (born 1966)|Prince Alireza]]'s room
File:Mreza cloth2 niavaran.jpg|Mohammad Reza Shah's dress in Niavaran Palace
File:Niavaran cinema.jpg|Cinema inside the Niavaran Mansion
</gallery>
</gallery>


==See also==
==See also==
*[[Private library of the Niavaran Complex]]
*[[Architecture of Iran]]
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*[[Cultural Heritage Organization of Iran]]
*[[Golestan Palace]]
*[[Golestan Palace]]
*[[Sa'dabad Complex]]
*[[Sa'dabad Complex]]
*[[Tehran]]
*[[Architecture of Iran]]
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*[[Cultural Heritage Organization of Iran]]


== References ==
== References ==
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{{Tehran Province|state=collapsed}}
{{Tehran Province|state=collapsed}}
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{{Authority control}}

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{{authority control}}


[[Category:Palaces in Tehran]]
[[Category:Palaces in Tehran]]
[[Category:Royal residences in Iran]]
[[Category:Royal residences in Iran]]
[[Category:National museums of Iran]]
[[Category:National museums of Iran]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures completed in 1968]]
[[Category:Houses completed in 1968]]
[[Category:Persian gardens in Iran]]
[[Category:Persian gardens in Iran]]
[[Category:Museums in Tehran]]
[[Category:Museums in Tehran]]
[[Category:Historic house museums in Iran]]
[[Category:Historic house museums in Iran]]
[[Category:Presidential residences]]
[[Category:Palaces in Iran]]
[[Category:Palaces in Iran]]

Latest revision as of 13:51, 2 January 2025

Niavaran Complex
The Niavaran mansion.
TypePalace Museum, memorial
LocationShemiran (northern Tehran), Iran
Coordinates35°48′43″N 51°28′21″E / 35.8120°N 51.4725°E / 35.8120; 51.4725
Built1772
Restored byMohammad Reza Nikbakht
Governing bodyCultural Heritage Organization of Iran

The Niavaran Palace Complex (Persian: مجموعه کاخ نیاوران – Majmue-ye Kākh-e Niāvarān) is a historical palace complex situated in Shemiran (northern Tehran), Iran. It consists of several palace buildings and monuments dating back to the Qajar and Pahlavi eras.[1]

History

[edit]

During the reign of Mohammad Reza Shah, a new palace named Niavaran was constructed for the imperial family. The palace was designed in 1958 and completed in 1967. It served a variety of purposes for the imperial court including as a home for the Shah and Shahbanu Farah as well a place to entertain visiting foreign heads of state. On New Year's Eve 1977, the reception and state banquet for US President Jimmy Carter took place here.[2]

The Shah and Shahbanu left basically everything behind when they left Iran in January 1979. All of the peripheral buildings of the Sahebgharaniyeh Palace, with the exception of the Ahmad Shahi Pavilion, were demolished, and the present-day structures were built to the north of the Sahebgharaniyeh. The Ahmad Shahi Pavilion was then used as an exhibition centre for presents from world leaders to the Iranian shahs.[1]

Private library

[edit]

The library was publicly inaugurated in 1994, on the occasion of International Museum Day.[3]

Construction

[edit]

The interior designing of the library was designed by architect Aziz Farmanfarmayan.

Features

[edit]

The building is allocated to libraries in three separate levels; the reading room, the main library, and the audio visual room. Other sections of the library include sets of artwork, which number over 350. The works reflect parts of modern art history, particularly the modern tendencies of Iranian art in the 1950s and 1960s.

[edit]
  • Books
    Books
  • The first floor
    The first floor
  • Book shelves and glassy cylindrical ceiling
    Book shelves and glassy cylindrical ceiling
  • The first floor
    The first floor
  • Another view of inside the library
    Another view of inside the library
  • Another view of inside the library
    Another view of inside the library
[edit]
Sitting room inside the Niavaran Mansion
  • Ahmad Shahi Pavilion
    Ahmad Shahi Pavilion
  • Sahebgharaniyeh Palace
    Sahebgharaniyeh Palace
  • The office of the Shah within the Sahebgharaniyeh.
    The office of the Shah within the Sahebgharaniyeh.
  • Area in front of the Niavaran Mansion.
    Area in front of the Niavaran Mansion.
  • The gate of the Niavaran Mansion.
    The gate of the Niavaran Mansion.
  • Inside the Niavaran Mansion.
    Inside the Niavaran Mansion.
  • Inside the Niavaran Mansion.
    Inside the Niavaran Mansion.
  • Inside the Niavaran Mansion.
    Inside the Niavaran Mansion.
  • Inside the Niavaran Mansion.
    Inside the Niavaran Mansion.
  • Inside the Niavaran Mansion.
    Inside the Niavaran Mansion.
  • Inside the Niavaran Mansion
    Inside the Niavaran Mansion
  • Ahmad Shahi Pavilion
    Ahmad Shahi Pavilion
  • Inside the Ahmad Shahi Pavilion.
    Inside the Ahmad Shahi Pavilion.
  • Area in front of the Pavilion.
    Area in front of the Pavilion.
  • Ahmad Shahi Pavilion
    Ahmad Shahi Pavilion
  • Shahbanu Farah's dressing table
    Shahbanu Farah's dressing table
  • Corridor to private rooms in Niavaran Palace
    Corridor to private rooms in Niavaran Palace
  • Interior of Prince Alireza's room
    Interior of Prince Alireza's room
  • Mohammad Reza Shah's dress in Niavaran Palace
    Mohammad Reza Shah's dress in Niavaran Palace
  • Cinema inside the Niavaran Mansion
    Cinema inside the Niavaran Mansion

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Niavaran Cultural Historic Complex: History Archived 31 January 2016 at the Wayback Machine (in Persian)
  2. ^ "8 Handshakes That Changed History: Jimmy Carter - Shah of Iran". RealClearPolitics. 21 April 2009.
  3. ^ http://oldregion1.tehran.ir/Default.aspx?PageContentMode=1&tabid=21548 [permanent dead link‍] Niavaran Cultural – Historical Complex/Private Library, 25 April 2011
[edit]
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