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Coordinates: 13°56′N 75°34′E / 13.933°N 75.567°E / 13.933; 75.567
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{{Short description|City in Karnataka, India}}
{{About|the municipality in India|its namesake district|Shivamogga district}}
{{About|the municipality in India|its namesake district|Shimoga district}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| name =
| name = Shimoga
| official_name = Shivamogga
| official_name = Shivamogga
| other_name = Shimoga <!-- Please do not add any Indic script in this infobox, per WP:INDICSCRIPT policy. -->
| other_name = <!-- Please do not add any Indic script in this infobox, per WP:INDICSCRIPT policy. -->
| settlement_type = [[City]]
| settlement_type = [[City]]
| image_skyline = {{Photomontage|position=centre
| image_skyline = {{Photomontage|position=centre
|photo1a = Indian Lion at Tyavarekoppa Tiger and Lion Reserve, Karnataka, India.jpg
|photo1a = Indian Lion at Tyavarekoppa Tiger and Lion Reserve, Karnataka, India.jpg
|photo2a = Shivappanayaka.jpg
|photo2a = Shivappanayaka (cropped).jpg
|photo2b = Sculpture of Mahishasura Mardhini dated to the 12th century.JPG
|photo2b = Sculpture of Mahishasura Mardhini dated to the 12th century.JPG
|photo4a = Shivappa Nayaka Palace and garden.JPG
|photo4a = Shivappa Nayaka Palace and garden.JPG
|size = 160
|size = 200
|spacing = 2
|spacing = 2
|color = #FFFFFF
|color = #FFFFFF
|border = 0
|border = 0
|foot_montage = {{nobreak|Images, from top down, left right}}<br>{{nobreak|Indian lion in the Tyavarekoppa Tiger and Lion Reserve}}<br>{{nobreak|Statue of Keladi Shivappa Nayaka}}<br>{{nobreak|Sculpture of Mahishasura Mardhini}}<br>{{nobreak|Shivappa Nayaka palace}}}}
|foot_montage = {{nowrap|Images, from top down, left right}}<br/>{{nowrap|Indian lion in the Tyavarekoppa Tiger and Lion Reserve}}<br/>{{nowrap|Statue of Keladi Shivappa Nayaka}}<br/>{{nowrap|Sculpture of Mahishasura Mardhini}}<br/>{{nowrap|Shivappa Nayaka palace}}}}
| image_map = {{maplink|frame=yes|frame-align=center|plain=y|type=shape-inverse|id=Q1185|frame-width=270|frame-height=350|frame-lat=15.04|frame-long=76.40|stroke-width=3|zoom=6|type2=point|coord2={{coord|13|56|N|75|34|E}}|marker-size2=medium}}
| pushpin_map = India Karnataka#India
| pushpin_label_position = right
| map_alt =
| map_caption = Shivamogga in Karnataka
| coordinates = {{coord|13|56|N|75|34|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| pushpin_map =
| pushpin_label_position =
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| coordinates = {{coord|13|56|N|75|34|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name1 = [[Karnataka]]
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Shivamogga District]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Karnataka]]
| subdivision_type3 = Region
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Malenadu]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Shimoga district|Shimoga]]
| government_type = City Municipal Corporation
| subdivision_type3 = [[Region]]
| governing_body = Shivamogga Mahanagara Palike
| subdivision_name3 = [[Malenadu]]
| unit_pref = Metric
| government_type = City Corporation
| area_footnotes = <ref name=shimogacity>{{cite web|url=http://www.shimogacity.gov.in/|title=Home|publisher=Shimoga City Municipal Council|accessdate=18 July 2018}}</ref>
| governing_body = Shivamogga Mahanagara Palike
| area_total_km2 = 70.01
| elevation_m = 569
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web |title=About Our District - Shivamogga |url=http://www.shivamoggadudc.mrc.gov.in/en/about-our-district |website=District Urban Development Cell, Shivamogga - Official Website of Directorate of Municipal Administration |access-date=24 Nov 2023}}</ref><ref name="Census2011Gov"/>
| population_total = 322,505
| area_total_km2 = 70.01
| population_as_of = 2011 census
| area_rural_km2 = 1037.29
| population_rank = 10th (Karnataka)
| population_footnotes = <ref name=shimogacity/>
| elevation_m = 569
| population_total = 322650
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| population_rural = 184674
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| population_as_of = 2011
| demographics1_info1 = [[Kannada]]
| population_rank = 10th (Karnataka)
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| population_footnotes = <ref name="Census2011Gov"/>
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| population_density_km2 = auto
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 577201 - 577205
| blank_name = {{nowrap|[[Official language]]}}
| blank_info = [[Kannada]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM50thReport.pdf |title=50th Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India (July 2012 to June 2013) |access-date=14 January 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160708012438/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM50thReport.pdf |archive-date=8 July 2016}}</ref>
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = [[Telephone numbers in India|91-(0)8182-XXXXXX]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| registration_plate = KA-14
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| blank_name = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]]
| blank_info = [[Tropical savanna climate|Aw]]
| postal_code = 577201 - 577205
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| website = {{URL|www.shimogacity.gov.in/}}
| iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-KA]]
| area_code = [[Telephone numbers in India|91-(0)8182-XXXXXX]]
| registration_plate = KA-14
| blank2_name = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]]
| blank2_info = [[Tropical savanna climate|Aw]]
| website = {{URL|https://shivamoggacitycorp.org}}
| iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-KA]]
}}
}}
'''Shimoga''', officially '''Shivamogga''',<ref>{{cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/bangalore-becomes-bengaluru-11-other-cities-renamed/articleshow/45002333.cms|title=Bangalore becomes 'Bengaluru'; 11 other cities renamed|newspaper=[[The Economic Times]]|agency=PTI|date=1 November 2014|access-date=18 July 2018}}</ref> is a city and the district headquarters of [[Shimoga district]] in the [[Karnataka]] state of India. The city lies on the banks of the [[Tunga River]]. Being the gateway for the hilly region of the [[Western Ghats]], the city is popularly nicknamed the "Gateway of [[Malenadu|Malnad]]".<ref>{{cite news |title=85 per cent unused funds leaves Shivamogga scruffy |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/karnataka/2018/may/06/85-per-cent-unused-funds-leaves-shivamogga-scruffy-1810855.html |access-date=23 February 2021 |work=The New Indian Express |date=6 May 2018}}</ref> The population of Shimoga city is 322,650 as per 2011 census.<ref name="Census2011Gov"/> The city has been selected for the [[Smart Cities Mission]], standing in the fourth position in the state and 25th in the country as of November 2020.<ref>{{cite news |title=Push to complete Smart City project works on time |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/push-to-complete-smart-city-project-works-on-time/article33164580.ece |access-date=12 February 2021 |work=The Hindu |date=24 November 2020}}</ref>


The city is 569 m above sea level and is surrounded by lush green paddy fields, arecanut and coconut groves. It is located 267&nbsp;km from the state capital [[Bangalore]] and 195&nbsp;km from the port city [[Mangalore]].<ref name="karnataka.com">{{Cite web|url=https://www.karnataka.com/shimoga/about-shimoga/|title=Shimoga {{!}} Shivamogga {{!}} Sightseeing Shimoga {{!}} Wildlife Shimoga|date=18 August 2016|website=Karnataka.com|access-date=10 April 2020}}</ref>
'''Shivamogga''', previously known as '''Shimoga''',<ref>{{cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/bangalore-becomes-bengaluru-11-other-cities-renamed/articleshow/45002333.cms|title=Bangalore becomes 'Bengaluru'; 11 other cities renamed|work=[[The Economic Times]]|agency=PTI|date=1 November 2014|accessdate=18 July 2018}}</ref> is a large city and the district headquarters of [[Shivamogga District]] in the center of the state of [[Karnataka]], [[India]]. The city lies on the banks of the [[Tunga River]]. Being situated at the foot of the hilly region of the [[Western Ghats]], the city is nicknamed "Gateway to [[Malenadu]]", "Malenadu" meaning "Rain Land".

The city is 569 m above sea level and is surrounded by lush green paddy fields, arecanut plantations and coconut groves. The population of Shivamogga city is 322,428, consisting of 161,978 males and 160,450 females, as per 2011 census.<ref name=census>{{cite web|title=Shimoga City|url=http://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/443-shimoga.html|work=Census of India 2011|publisher=Population census of India|accessdate=18 July 2018}}</ref>


==History==
==History==
The name of the city is derived from the term ''shivmoga''. A version of the etymology is the story that [[Shiva]] drank the [[Tunga River]] hence the name "Shiva-Mukha" which means the "face of Shiva". Another version of the etymology is that the name is derived from the term ''Sihi-Mogge'', meaning "sweet pot".<ref>{{cite web |title=History of Shivamogga |url=https://shimoga.nic.in/en/history/ |website=Shivamogga District |publisher=National Informatics Centre, Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology, Government of India |access-date=8 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804162908/https://shimoga.nic.in/en/history/ |archive-date=4 August 2020}}</ref>
Lord [[Shiva]] is said to have drunk [[Tunga River|Tunga]] river water using a pot ("Mogga") at the city, hence the city name Shivamogga. An alternative etymology is that the name is derived from the term "''Sihi-Mogga''", meaning "sweet pot". The district formed the southern tip of Emperor [[Ashoka]]'s [[Maurya]]n Empire in the third century BC.{{cn|date=July 2012}} It was ruled during later centuries by the [[Kadamba dynasty|Kadamba]]s (4th century), [[Chalukya dynasty|Chalukyas]] (6th century), [[Gangas]], [[Rashtrakuta dynasty|Rashtrakutas]] (8th century), [[Hoysala Empire|Hoysalas]] (11th century), and the [[Vijayanagara]] rulers (15th century). The city got an independent identity under the [[Keladi Nayaka]] rule during the 16th century{{cn|date=July 2012}}, reaching its pinnacle under the rule of [[Shivappa Nayaka]]. From the late 17th century onwards, the city was a part of the [[Kingdom of Mysore]] under the British Raj until the independence of [[India]] in 1947, when Mysore merged into the Republic of India.


The district formed the southern tip of the Emperor [[Ashoka]]'s [[Maurya]]n Empire in the third century BC.{{citation needed|date=July 2012}} It was ruled during later centuries by the [[Kadamba dynasty|Kadamba]]s (4th century), [[Chalukya dynasty|Chalukyas]] (6th century), [[Western Ganga dynasty|Western Ganga]], [[Rashtrakuta dynasty|Rashtrakutas]] (8th century), [[Hoysala Empire|Hoysalas]] (11th century), and the [[Vijayanagara]] rulers (15th century). [[Nayakas of Keladi]], also known as ''Nayakas of Bednore'' and ''Ikkeri Nayakas'', were an [[India]]n [[dynasty]] based in [[Keladi]] in present-day [[Shimoga district]] of [[Karnataka]], [[India]]. They were an important ruling dynasty in [[History of Karnataka#Late Medieval and Early Modern period (1206–1799 CE)|late medieval and early modern Karnataka]]. They initially ruled as a vassal of the famous [[Vijayanagar Empire]]. After the fall of the empire in 1565, they gained independence and ruled significant parts of [[Malnad]] region of the [[Western Ghats]] in present-day Karnataka, most areas in the [[Kanara|coastal regions of Karnataka]], and parts of northern [[Kerala]], [[Malabar region|Malabar]] and the central plains along the [[Tungabhadra river|Tungabhadra]] river. In 1763 AD, with their defeat to [[Hyder Ali]], they were absorbed into the [[Kingdom of Mysore]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bK4Ba6824koC&q=kilidi&pg=PA128 |title=A journey from Madras through the ... – Google Books |isbn=9788120603868 |access-date=17 September 2011|last1=Buchanan |first1=Francis |last2=Hamilton |first2=Francis |year=1988 |publisher=Asian Educational Services }}</ref>
On 1 November 2006, the government of Karnataka announced the renaming of Shimoga to "Shivamogga", along with the renaming of nine other cities in the state. The Central government approved this request by mid October 2014 and Shimoga was renamed as "Shivamogga" on 1 November 2014.<ref>{{cite news|title=Bangalore, Mysore, Other Karnataka Cities to be Renamed on 1 November|work=[[International Business Times]]|url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/bangalore-mysore-other-karnataka-cities-be-renamed-1-november-611683|date=18 October 2014|accessdate=18 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Centre nod for Karnataka's proposal on renaming cities|author= K. Jeevan Chinnappa|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/centre-nod-for-karnatakas-proposal-on-renaming-cities/article6514079.ece|work=The Hindu|date=18 October 2014|accessdate=18 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/Its-Bengaluru-for-Pranab/articleshow/4746303.cms|work=The Times of India|title=It's Bengaluru for Pranab|date=7 July 2009|accessdate=18 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Nagesh Prabhu|title=New name for cities|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/from-bangalore-to-bengaluru/article6553314.ece|accessdate=18 July 2018|work=The Hindu}}</ref>


During the [[Satyagraha]] movement, [[Mahatma Gandhi]] also visited the place to instigate the fight for national freedom.<ref name="karnataka.com"/> After the independence of [[India]] in 1947, the Mysore state merged into the Republic of India.
==Education==
Shivamogga is an important center for high school and pre-university education (classes 11th and 12th) in [[Karnataka]], along with many other major cities in Karnataka. Bhadravathi is also a major education centre of the district. The city gains its importance in part because of lack of good institutes in other parts of the district.


On 1 November 2006, the government of Karnataka announced the renaming of Shimoga to "Shivamogga", along with nine other cities in the state. The central government approved (12 cities) the request in the October 2014 and the city was renamed on 1 November 2014.<ref>{{cite news|title=Bangalore, Mysore, Other Karnataka Cities to be Renamed on 1 November|work=[[International Business Times]]|url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/bangalore-mysore-other-karnataka-cities-be-renamed-1-november-611683|date=18 October 2014|access-date=18 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Centre nod for Karnataka's proposal on renaming cities|author= K. Jeevan Chinnappa|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/centre-nod-for-karnatakas-proposal-on-renaming-cities/article6514079.ece|work=The Hindu|date=18 October 2014|access-date=18 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/Its-Bengaluru-for-Pranab/articleshow/4746303.cms|work=The Times of India|title=It's Bengaluru for Pranab|date=7 July 2009|access-date=18 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Nagesh Prabhu|title=New name for cities|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/from-bangalore-to-bengaluru/article6553314.ece|access-date=18 July 2018|work=The Hindu}}</ref>
Schools:
* Government High School is the oldest educational institution in Shimoga.<ref name=school>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/Shimoga-school-turns-150/articleshow/256137.cms|work=The Times of India|title=Shimoga school turns 150|date=29 October 2003|accessdate=18 July 2018}}</ref> It was started by the British in 1853.<ref name=school/>
* The village of [[Gajanur, Shimoga|Gajanur]] has a [[Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya]], which is a central govt. [[boarding school]].
* The Educare School
* Mandara Jnanadayini School
* Inchara School (Gopala)
* Jnanadeepa
* Ikhlas English School
* Saandeepani
* Vikasa
* National Public School
* Swami Vivekananda
* Oxford
* Sri Adichunchanagiri Composite High School
* PES
* Sarvodaya
* Mary Immaculate
* Vasavi
* Sanjos Roman Catholic School
* Sacred Heart High School
* Loyola English High School (Roman Catholic School)
* Ramakrishna
* Rotary
* Mahaveer
* DVS
* Ayyappa School.


==Geography==
Notable institutes in and around Shivamogga for pre-university education include:
According to the Shimoga City Municipal Corporation,<ref>{{cite web|title=Shimoga Municipal corporation|url=http://www.shimogacity.gov.in/|access-date=18 July 2018}}</ref> the city has a total area of about {{convert|50|km2|sqmi}}. As per the Smart City Proposal, of the total city area (around 70.01&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>), 11.28% area is under OS & green belts while 7% is under water cover.<ref>{{Cite web |last=City |first=Smart |date=28 February 2023 |title=SmartCityProposal_KA-03-SMG |url=https://smartnet.niua.org/sites/default/files/resources/SmartCityProposal_KA-03-SMG.pdf |access-date=28 February 2023 |website=Smartnet}}</ref> Most/all these hills are part of the [[Western Ghats]], a region known for plentiful rainfall and lush greenery and declared during 2012 as a [[World Heritage]] site. [[Tunga River]] flows through Shimoga. The river is the major source of drinking water in the city and the city gets its drinking water through the Tunga dam (also known as Gajanuru dam).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Chronicle |first=Deccan |date=2 July 2019 |title=Inflow of Tunga river in Karnataka rises after heavy rainfall in Western Ghats |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/current-affairs/020719/inflow-of-tunga-river-in-karnataka-rises-after-heavy-rainfall-in-weste.html |access-date=28 February 2023 |website=Deccan Chronicle |language=en}}</ref>
* [[Sri Aurobindo PU College]]
{{Further|Gudde Mardi}}
* [[PACE PU College]]
* Acharya PU College (Nandana Education Trust)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nandanaeducationtrust.org|title=Nandana Education Trust|accessdate=21 October 2014|archivedate=21 October 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141021215551/http://nandanaeducationtrust.org|deadurl=yes}}</ref>
* Vidya Bharathi PU College
* National College
* Vidyanikethan College
* Sacred Heart
* Sri Adichunchangiri Independent Pre-University College
* DVS P.U. Independent college
* DVS Composite College
* PES P.U. College.


=== Climate ===
Higher Education:
The climate is tropical wet and dry ([[Köppen climate classification]]) summer average temperature {{convert|20|-|35|°C|F}}. This means that the winter and the early part of summer are typically dry periods. The majority of the rainfall occurs between June and early October. Shimoga is a part of a region known as [[Malnad]] (land of hills) in Karnataka. The average annual rainfall of the city is 731.1mm.<ref name="d.o.o">{{Cite web |url=https://www.weather-atlas.com/en/india/shimoga-climate |title=Shimoga, India - Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast |website=Weather Atlas |access-date=10 April 2020}}</ref> January and February are the driest months, July the wettest, and April is the warmest month with an average high temperature of 35.5 degrees Celsius (95.9 degrees F). Coldest months of Shimoga are July, August, November and December with average high temperature of 27 degrees Celsius (80.6 degrees F).<ref name="d.o.o"/> In summer (April–May), temperature crosses 36&nbsp;°C at Shimoga.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.worldweatheronline.com/v2/weather-averages.aspx?locid=1132489&root_id=1104737&wc=local_weather&map=~/shimoga-weather-averages/karnataka/in.aspx |title=Shimoga weather|publisher=World Weather Online|access-date=18 July 2018}}</ref>
* [[Kuvempu University]] is located in Shankarghatta, at a distance of 20&nbsp;km from Shimoga.
* There is also a University Of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences at Navule of Shivamogga.
* Sahyadri College for Science, Commerce and Arts is one of the oldest in Karnataka, run by the Government.
* Tegginamath Arts Education Society Ayurvedic Medical is located in Nidige.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tmaesociety.org/our-team/|publisher=Tegginamath Arts Education Society|title=About Us|accessdate=18 July 2018}}</ref>


{{Weather box
Medical:
| location = Shimoga (1981–2010, extremes 1950–2005)
* [[Shimoga Institute of Medical Sciences]] is the medical sciences college at Shivamogga and is managed by the Government.
| metric first = Yes
* Subbaiah Institute of Medical Sciences is located at Purale.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.smcshimoga.com/contact-us.php|publisher=Subbaiah Institute of Medical Science|title=Contact Us|accessdate=18 July 2018}}</ref>
| single line = Yes
* [[Sharavathi Dental College]] is also located in Shimoga.
| Jan record high C = 35.0
* There is a veterinary college, which is one among the 4 veterinary colleges present in Karnataka.
| Feb record high C = 38.8

| Mar record high C = 41.4
Engineering:
| Apr record high C = 39.7
* [[Jawaharlal Nehru National College of Engineering]]
| May record high C = 44.0
* [[PES Institute of Technology and Management]].
| Jun record high C = 40.0
| Jul record high C = 34.7
| Aug record high C = 35.0
| Sep record high C = 38.0
| Oct record high C = 35.0
| Nov record high C = 34.4
| Dec record high C = 34.0
| year record high C = 44.0
| Jan high C = 31.5
| Feb high C = 33.6
| Mar high C = 36.0
| Apr high C = 36.4
| May high C = 34.9
| Jun high C = 30.1
| Jul high C = 28.2
| Aug high C = 27.8
| Sep high C = 29.6
| Oct high C = 30.4
| Nov high C = 30.1
| Dec high C = 30.0
| year high C = 31.6
| Jan low C = 15.3
| Feb low C = 16.5
| Mar low C = 19.5
| Apr low C = 21.5
| May low C = 22.2
| Jun low C = 21.5
| Jul low C = 20.9
| Aug low C = 20.5
| Sep low C = 20.3
| Oct low C = 20.2
| Nov low C = 18.2
| Dec low C = 15.8
| year low C = 19.3
| Jan record low C = 6.5
| Feb record low C = 9.0
| Mar record low C = 11.7
| Apr record low C = 11.5
| May record low C = 15.0
| Jun record low C = 16.0
| Jul record low C = 15.7
| Aug record low C = 13.0
| Sep record low C = 11.5
| Oct record low C = 11.7
| Nov record low C = 8.0
| Dec record low C = 6.0
| year record low C = 6.0
| rain colour = green
| Jan rain mm = 0.2
| Feb rain mm = 0.3
| Mar rain mm = 5.9
| Apr rain mm = 34.8
| May rain mm = 41.1
| Jun rain mm = 109.0
| Jul rain mm = 158.2
| Aug rain mm = 129.0
| Sep rain mm = 70.8
| Oct rain mm = 140.4
| Nov rain mm = 30.4
| Dec rain mm = 11.2
| year rain mm = 731.1
| Jan rain days = 0.0
| Feb rain days = 0.1
| Mar rain days = 0.4
| Apr rain days = 2.4
| May rain days = 3.2
| Jun rain days = 8.4
| Jul rain days = 11.9
| Aug rain days = 12.7
| Sep rain days = 5.3
| Oct rain days = 6.3
| Nov rain days = 1.9
| Dec rain days = 0.7
| year rain days = 53.3
|time day = 17:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| Jan humidity = 42
| Feb humidity = 40
| Mar humidity = 36
| Apr humidity = 43
| May humidity = 53
| Jun humidity = 74
| Jul humidity = 78
| Aug humidity = 79
| Sep humidity = 73
| Oct humidity = 69
| Nov humidity = 59
| Dec humidity = 48
|year humidity = 58
|source 1 = [[India Meteorological Department]]<ref name=IMDnormals>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200205040301/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf
| archive-date = 5 February 2020
| url = https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf
| title = Station: Shimoga Climatological Table 1981–2010
| work = Climatological Normals 1981–2010
| publisher = India Meteorological Department
| date = January 2015
| pages = 705–706
| access-date = 19 April 2020}}</ref><ref name=IMDextremes>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200205042509/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf
| archive-date = 5 February 2020
| url = https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf
| title = Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)
| publisher = India Meteorological Department
| date = December 2016
| page = M103
| access-date = 19 April 2020}}</ref>
}}


==Demographics==
==Demographics==
The population of Shimoga in 322,428, consisting of 161,978 males and 160,450 females, as per 2011 census.<ref name=census/> Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Shimoga has an average literacy rate of 88.02%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 91.32%, and female literacy is 84.70%.Total children (0-6) in Shimoga city are 31,626 as per figure from Census India report on 2011. There were 16,130 boys while 15,496 are girls. Child sex ratio of girls is 961 per 1000 boys.<ref name=census/>
As of [[2011 Indian Census]], Shimoga had a total population of 322,650, of which 162,018 were males and 160,632 were females. Population within the age group of 0 to 6 years was 32,691. The total number of literates in Shimoga was 254,531, which constituted 78.9% of the population with male literacy of 81.4% and female literacy of 76.3%. The effective literacy rate of 7+ population of Shimoga was 87.8%, of which male literacy rate was 90.8% and female literacy rate was 84.8%. The [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes]] population was 40,737 and 9,192 respectively. Shimoga had 76,009 households in 2011.<ref name="Census2011Gov">{{cite web |title=Census of India: Shimoga |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=692366 |website=www.censusindia.gov.in |access-date=5 December 2019}}</ref>


{{bar box
[[Kannada]] is the most widely spoken language in Shimoga. [[Urdu]] is spoken by certain groups of people.<ref>{{cite web|accessdate=18 July 2018|url=http://www.shivamoggaonline.in/city-guide/culture-of-shimoga|title=culture of shivamogga|publisher=shivamoggaonline.in}}</ref>
|title=Religions in Shimoga City (2011)<ref name="religion"/>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=left
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism in Karnataka|Hinduism]]|darkorange|72.76}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam in India|Islam]]|green|23.93}}
{{bar percent|[[Christianity in Karnataka|Christianity]]|dodgerblue|2.17}}
{{bar percent|[[Jainism in Karnataka|Jainism]]|pink|0.82}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.32}}
|caption=Distribution of religions
}}


[[Kannada]] is the most widely spoken language in Shimoga. 72.76% of people are [[Hindus]] and 23.93% are [[Muslims]], with rest being [[Buddhist]]s, [[Christian]]s and others.<ref name="religion">{{Cite web|date=2011|title=Table C-01 Population by Religion: Karnataka|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11378/download/14491/DDW29C-01%20MDDS.XLS|website=censusindia.gov.in|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
==Geography==
According to the Shimoga City Municipal Corporation,<ref>{{cite web|title=Shimoga Municipal corporation|url=http://www.shimogacity.gov.in/|accessdate=18 July 2018}}</ref> the city has a total area of about {{convert|50|km2|sqmi}}. The climate is tropical wet and dry ([[Köppen climate classification]]) summer average temperature {{convert|20|-|35|°C|F}}. This means that the winter and the early part of summer are typically dry periods. The majority of the rainfall occurs between June and early October. Shimoga is a part of a region known as [[Malnad]] (land of hills) in Karnataka. Most/all these hills are part of the [[Western Ghats]], a region known for plentiful rainfall and lush greenery and declared during 2012 as a [[World Heritage]] site. [[Tunga River]] flows through Shimoga. In summer (April–May), temperature crosses 36&nbsp;°C at Shimoga.<ref>{{cite web|title=Shimoga weather|url=https://www.worldweatheronline.com/v2/weather-averages.aspx?locid=1132489&root_id=1104737&wc=local_weather&map=~/shimoga-weather-averages/karnataka/in.aspx|publisher=World Weather Online|accessdate=18 July 2018}}</ref>


{{Pie chart
{{Weather box
|caption = Languages of Shimoga City ([[2011 Census of India|2011 census]])<ref name="languages"/>
|location = Shimoga
|label1 = [[Kannada]] |value1 = 53.47 |color1= darkslateblue
|metric first = Yes
|label2 = [[Urdu]] |value2 = 23.47 |color2 = green
|single line = Yes
|label3 = [[Tamil language|Tamil]] |value3 = 6.75 |color3 = royalblue
|temperature colour = pastel
|label4 = [[Telugu language|Telugu]] |value4 = 5.91 |color4 = steelblue
|Jan high C = 28
|label5 = [[Hindi]] |value5 = 3.14 |color5 = orange
|Feb high C = 31
|label6 = [[Marathi language|Marathi]] |value6 = 2.93 |color6 = red
|Mar high C = 34.5
|label7 = [[Konkani language|Konkani]] |value7 = 2.28 |color7 = salmon
|Apr high C = 35.5
|label8 = [[Malayalam]] |value8 = 0.93 |color8 = cornflowerblue
|May high C = 34
|label9 = Others |value9 = 1.12 |color9 = grey
|Jun high C = 29
}}
|Jul high C = 27
|Aug high C = 27
|Sep high C = 28
|Oct high C = 29
|Nov high C = 27
|Dec high C = 27
|Jan low C = 16
|Feb low C = 18
|Mar low C = 20
|Apr low C = 22.5
|May low C = 22
|Jun low C = 22
|Jul low C = 21
|Aug low C = 20
|Sep low C = 20
|Oct low C = 20
|Nov low C = 17
|Dec low C = 16


[[Kannada]] is the majority language, spoken by 53.47% of the population. [[Urdu]] is the second-largest language, while [[Tamil language|Tamil]], [[Telugu language|Telugu]], [[Hindi]], [[Marathi language|Marathi]] and [[Konkani language|Konkani]] are also spoken.<ref name="languages">{{Cite web |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue (Town): Karnataka |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10255/download/13367/DDW-C16-TOWN-STMT-MDDS-2900.XLSX |website=www.censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
|SHIVAMOGGA WEATHER BY MONTH // WEATHER AVERAGES
Avg.Precipitation / Rainfall (mm)
January 0
February 1
March 5
April 47
May 86
June 124
July 271
August 129
September 76
October 136
November 29
December. 5
Total 909


==Government and politics==
==Industries==
=== Civic administration ===
[[File:R M C Yard, Shimoga.JPG|thumb|200px|RMC Yard, Shimoga]]
{{Update section|date=August 2022|reason=Apparently this section needs updating. Updates require current references, not edited existing.}}
Industries like Pearlite Industries, Malnad Alloys, Shanthala Sperocast, Vijay Technnocrats, Perfect Alloys, Smiths & Founders (India) Limited are some foundries manufacture quality castings, supply to major Original Manufacturers in India and also exporting their products to many countries and several other Industries are located in Shimoga. APMC of Shimoga is main marketing point of arecanut, the major commercial crop grown in the district and well as in neighbouring districts like Uttara Kannada. Shimoga has the biggest [[areca nut]] market, and known for procuring high quality areca nuts. Other agricultural produces like rice, chili, coconut etc. are also marketed in APMC.
Shimoga is governed by a Municipal Corporation called the Shivamogga City Corporation. The total area under it is {{cvt|70.01|km2}}, with a population of 322,650 (Census 2011).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://shivamoggacitycorp.org/|title=Shivamogga City Corporation|website=shivamoggacitycorp.org|access-date=10 April 2020}}</ref> Shimoga has been selected under the Smart Cities Mission of the Indian Government under Round 2 of selections.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://smartcities.gov.in/content/innerpage/city-wise-projects-under-smart-cities-mission.php|title=City Wise Projects under Smart Cities Mission :: SMART CITIES MISSION, Government of India |website=smartcities.gov.in|access-date=10 April 2020}}</ref> Shimoga was upgraded to a Municipal Corporation from a Municipal Council in 2013.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/tumkur-shimoga-and-bijapur-cities-to-be-upgraded-as-municipal-corporations/article5085415.ece |title=Tumkur, Shimoga and Bijapur cities to be upgraded as Municipal Corporations |date=2 September 2013 |work=The Hindu |access-date=10 April 2020}}</ref>


==Economy ==
Shimoga IT Park is an information technology hub built just outside Shimoga near the future [[Shimoga Airport]]. The IT Park consists of a 100000 sq ft office building with 24/7 electrical capacity, diesel backup generators, and high speed T1 data connections for use by IT industries such as data centres, call centres, aerospace, robotics, etc.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/Two-years-on-Shimoga-Information-Technology-Park-awaits-entrepreneurs/article11623716.ece|title=Two years on, Shimoga Information Technology Park awaits entrepreneurs|author=Veerendra P. M.|date=26 May 2014|work=The Hindu|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
[[File:R M C Yard, Shimoga.JPG|thumb|RMC Yard, Shimoga]]
APMC of Shimoga is main marketing point of arecanut, the major commercial crop grown in the district and well as in neighbouring districts like Uttara Kannada. Shimoga has the biggest [[areca nut]] market, and known for procuring high quality areca nuts. Other agricultural produces like rice, Maize, chili, coconut etc. are also marketed in APMC.
Shimoga IT Park is an information technology hub built just outside Shimoga near the upcoming [[Shimoga Airport]]. The IT Park consists of a 100000 sq ft office building with 24/7 electrical capacity, diesel backup generators, and high speed T1 data connections for use by IT industries such as data centres, call centres, aerospace, robotics, etc.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/Two-years-on-Shimoga-Information-Technology-Park-awaits-entrepreneurs/article11623716.ece|title=Two years on, Shimoga Information Technology Park awaits entrepreneurs|author=Veerendra, P. M.|date=26 May 2014|work=The Hindu|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
[[File:Spar mall.jpg|thumb|spar mall]]
[[File:City centre mall shimoga.jpg|thumb|city centre mall shimoga]]


== Transportation ==
== Transportation ==
[[File:Ksrtcshimoga.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation|KSRTC]] Bus Stand]]
[[File:Ksrtcshimoga.jpg|thumb|[[Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation|KSRTC]] Bus Stand]]
Shimoga is well connected by road to [[Bangalore]], [[Mangalore]], [[Hubli]] and [[Bellary]].


===Road===
Shimoga Town has a railway station, and there are trains that run to and from [[Bangalore]] and [[Mysuru]].
Shimoga is well connected by road to major cities like [[Bangalore]], [[Mysore]], [[Mangalore]], [[Hubli]], [[Davangere]], [[bellary]]. Two major National Highways pass through the city: [[National Highway 69 (India)|NH69]] and [[National Highway 169 (India)|NH169]].


===Rail===
[[Shimoga Airport]] is under construction in Sogane, 6&nbsp;km south of Shimoga.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/airport-at-shimoga-likely-to-come-up-at-sogane/article3144423.ece|title=Airport at Shimoga likely to come up at Sogane|date=8 April 2006|work=The Hindu|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> The nearest international airports are [[Kempegowda International Airport]] and [[Mangaluru Airport]].
The city has two railway stations, main one being Shivamogga Town Railway Station, and there are trains that run to and from Bangalore, [[Mysore]], [[Tirupati]] and [[Chennai]].

===Air===
[[Shimoga Airport]] is situated near Sogane, 13&nbsp;km south of Shimoga. This is the first airport which is being operated by Karnataka State Industrial & Infrastructure Development Corporation Limited as a wholly owned and undertaking of Government of Karnataka and not handed over to Airport Authority of India.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shivamogga on aviation map as PM to inaugurate airport today |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/karnataka/2023/feb/27/shivamogga-on-aviation-map-aspm-to-inaugurate-airport-today-2551271.html |access-date=28 February 2023 |website=The New Indian Express|date=27 February 2023 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/airport-at-shimoga-likely-to-come-up-at-sogane/article3144423.ece |title=Airport at Shimoga likely to come up at Sogane|date=8 April 2006|work=The Hindu|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> The nearest international airports are [[Kempegowda International Airport]] and [[Mangalore International Airport]].

==Education==

{{Update section|date=December 2023|reason=Apparently this section needs updating. Updates require current references}}

Shimoga is one of the important centers for the high school and the pre-university education in [[Karnataka]]. Notable institutes in Shimoga for high school is [[Jnanadeepa School|Jnanadeepa school]] and for pre-university (PU) education include: Sri Aurobindo PU College and [[PACE PU College]] and
PES college in outskirts of city.

The village of [[Gajanur, Shimoga|Gajanur]] hosts a [[Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya]] (central school) which is a [[boarding school]]. [[Kuvempu University]] is located in Shankarghatta, at a distance of 20&nbsp;km from Shimoga.

[[Shimoga Institute of Medical Sciences]] is the medical sciences college at Shimoga and managed by Government Departments. Subbaiah Institute of Medical Sciences is located at Purale.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.smcshimoga.com/contact-us.php|publisher=Subbaiah Institute of Medical Science|title=Contact Us|access-date=18 July 2018}}</ref> It also has two engineering colleges, [[Jawaharlal Nehru National College of Engineering]] and [[PES Institute of Technology and Management]].Also Rastriya Raksha University, Shivamogga Campus is opened in Ragigudda near Navule


==Notable people==
==Notable people==
{{see also|Shimoga district#Notable people}}
*[[Kuvempu]], [[Jnanpith Award|Jnanpeeta Awardee]].
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦--->
*[[Sarekoppa Bangarappa]], (26 October 1933 – 26 December 2011) was an Indian politician who was the 12th Chief Minister of Karnataka from 1990 to 1992.
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦--->
*[[Kadidal Manjappa]], veteran freedom fighter, Former Chief minister of karnataka
*[[U. R. Ananthamurthy]], Jnanapeetha awardee
*[[Khadi Shankarappa]], veteran freedom fighter.
*[[Sarekoppa Bangarappa]], former Chief Minister of Karnataka
*[[Mandagadde Rama Jois|Justice M. Rama Jois]], former Chief Justice of the [[Punjab and Haryana High Court]], former member of [[Rajya Sabha]], former Governor of [[Jharkhand]] and [[Bihar]] states and a senior advocate in the [[Supreme Court of India]].
*[[K. S. Eshwarappa]], a politician and former Deputy Chief Minister of Karnataka
*[[Shimoga Subbanna]], Kannada ''[[Sugama Sangeetha]]'' singer and playback singer.
*[[Adarsh Iyengar]] a singer and musician
*[[Sudeep]], actor and director of Kannada cinema.
*[[Mathur Krishnamurthy]], Kannada language writer
*[[G. S. Shivarudrappa]], Rashtrakavi.
*[[Kuvempu]], a National poet, Jnanapeetha winner
*[[U. R. Ananthamurthy|U R Ananthamurthy]], Jnanapeeta Awardee.
*[[P Lankesh]]
*[[Gundappa Viswanath|Gundappa Vishwanath]], former cricketer.
*[[B. S. Yeddyurappa]], Member of Parliament (Shimoga), Former Chief Minister of Karnataka
*[[Kadidal Manjappa]], 3rd [[Chief Minister of Karnataka]]
*[[Shekhar Naik]], a former captain of the Indian blind cricket team
*[[D. H. Shankaramurthy]], Former Chairman of the Karnataka Legislative Assembly
*[[Khadi Shankarappa]], a freedom fighter
*[[Abhilash Shetty]], a film director in Kannada film industry
*[[Shimoga Subbanna]], a playback singer
*[[Sudeep]], an actor and director in Indian cinema
*[[Archana Udupa]], Indian playback singer
*[[B. S. Yediyurappa]], 19th [[Chief Minister of Karnataka]]
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦--->
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦--->


==See also==
==See also==
*[[Shimoga Airport]]
*[[Shimoga district]]
*[[Karnataka]]
*[[Mangalore]]
*[[Tumkur]]
*[[Alada Halli, Shimoga]]
*[[Alada Halli, Shimoga]]


Line 221: Line 305:
*[http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/ams/india/nd-43-11.jpg U.S. Army Corps of Engineers detailed map of Shimoga district 1959]
*[http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/ams/india/nd-43-11.jpg U.S. Army Corps of Engineers detailed map of Shimoga district 1959]
*[http://www.shimogacity.gov.in/ Shimoga City Website]
*[http://www.shimogacity.gov.in/ Shimoga City Website]
*[https://shivamogga.org/ Shivamogga Website]
*[http://www.goodwillinfomedia.in/shimoga/web-design-company-shimoga.html Shimoga IT Company Goodwill Infomedia]


{{Karnataka topics}}
{{Shivamogga topics}}
{{Shivamogga topics}}

[[Category:Shimoga| ]]
[[Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2007]]
[[Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2007]]
[[Category:All articles containing potentially dated statements]]
[[Category:All articles containing potentially dated statements]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Shimoga district]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Shimoga district]]
[[Category:Shimoga]]
[[Category:Cities in Karnataka]]
[[Category:Cities in Karnataka]]

Latest revision as of 14:32, 4 January 2025

This article is about the municipality in India. For its namesake district, see Shimoga district.

Shimoga
City
Shivamogga
Images, from top down, left right
Indian lion in the Tyavarekoppa Tiger and Lion Reserve
Statue of Keladi Shivappa Nayaka
Sculpture of Mahishasura Mardhini
Shivappa Nayaka palace
Map
Shivamogga in Karnataka
Coordinates: 13°56′N 75°34′E / 13.933°N 75.567°E / 13.933; 75.567
Country India
StateKarnataka
DistrictShimoga
RegionMalenadu
Government
 • TypeCity Corporation
 • BodyShivamogga Mahanagara Palike
Area
[1][2]
 • City
70.01 km2 (27.03 sq mi)
 • Rural
1,037.29 km2 (400.50 sq mi)
Elevation
569 m (1,867 ft)
Population
 (2011)[2]
 • City
322,650
 • Rank10th (Karnataka)
 • Density4,600/km2 (12,000/sq mi)
 • Rural
184,674
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
577201 - 577205
Telephone code91-(0)8182-XXXXXX
ISO 3166 codeIN-KA
Vehicle registrationKA-14
Official languageKannada[3]
ClimateAw
Websiteshivamoggacitycorp.org

Shimoga, officially Shivamogga,[4] is a city and the district headquarters of Shimoga district in the Karnataka state of India. The city lies on the banks of the Tunga River. Being the gateway for the hilly region of the Western Ghats, the city is popularly nicknamed the "Gateway of Malnad".[5] The population of Shimoga city is 322,650 as per 2011 census.[2] The city has been selected for the Smart Cities Mission, standing in the fourth position in the state and 25th in the country as of November 2020.[6]

The city is 569 m above sea level and is surrounded by lush green paddy fields, arecanut and coconut groves. It is located 267 km from the state capital Bangalore and 195 km from the port city Mangalore.[7]

History

[edit]

The name of the city is derived from the term shivmoga. A version of the etymology is the story that Shiva drank the Tunga River hence the name "Shiva-Mukha" which means the "face of Shiva". Another version of the etymology is that the name is derived from the term Sihi-Mogge, meaning "sweet pot".[8]

The district formed the southern tip of the Emperor Ashoka's Mauryan Empire in the third century BC.[citation needed] It was ruled during later centuries by the Kadambas (4th century), Chalukyas (6th century), Western Ganga, Rashtrakutas (8th century), Hoysalas (11th century), and the Vijayanagara rulers (15th century). Nayakas of Keladi, also known as Nayakas of Bednore and Ikkeri Nayakas, were an Indian dynasty based in Keladi in present-day Shimoga district of Karnataka, India. They were an important ruling dynasty in late medieval and early modern Karnataka. They initially ruled as a vassal of the famous Vijayanagar Empire. After the fall of the empire in 1565, they gained independence and ruled significant parts of Malnad region of the Western Ghats in present-day Karnataka, most areas in the coastal regions of Karnataka, and parts of northern Kerala, Malabar and the central plains along the Tungabhadra river. In 1763 AD, with their defeat to Hyder Ali, they were absorbed into the Kingdom of Mysore.[9]

During the Satyagraha movement, Mahatma Gandhi also visited the place to instigate the fight for national freedom.[7] After the independence of India in 1947, the Mysore state merged into the Republic of India.

On 1 November 2006, the government of Karnataka announced the renaming of Shimoga to "Shivamogga", along with nine other cities in the state. The central government approved (12 cities) the request in the October 2014 and the city was renamed on 1 November 2014.[10][11][12][13]

Geography

[edit]

According to the Shimoga City Municipal Corporation,[14] the city has a total area of about 50 square kilometres (19 sq mi). As per the Smart City Proposal, of the total city area (around 70.01 km2), 11.28% area is under OS & green belts while 7% is under water cover.[15] Most/all these hills are part of the Western Ghats, a region known for plentiful rainfall and lush greenery and declared during 2012 as a World Heritage site. Tunga River flows through Shimoga. The river is the major source of drinking water in the city and the city gets its drinking water through the Tunga dam (also known as Gajanuru dam).[16]

Further information: Gudde Mardi

Climate

[edit]

The climate is tropical wet and dry (Köppen climate classification) summer average temperature 20–35 °C (68–95 °F). This means that the winter and the early part of summer are typically dry periods. The majority of the rainfall occurs between June and early October. Shimoga is a part of a region known as Malnad (land of hills) in Karnataka. The average annual rainfall of the city is 731.1mm.[17] January and February are the driest months, July the wettest, and April is the warmest month with an average high temperature of 35.5 degrees Celsius (95.9 degrees F). Coldest months of Shimoga are July, August, November and December with average high temperature of 27 degrees Celsius (80.6 degrees F).[17] In summer (April–May), temperature crosses 36 °C at Shimoga.[18]

Climate data for Shimoga (1981–2010, extremes 1950–2005)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 35.0
(95.0) 		38.8
(101.8) 		41.4
(106.5) 		39.7
(103.5) 		44.0
(111.2) 		40.0
(104.0) 		34.7
(94.5) 		35.0
(95.0) 		38.0
(100.4) 		35.0
(95.0) 		34.4
(93.9) 		34.0
(93.2) 		44.0
(111.2)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 31.5
(88.7) 		33.6
(92.5) 		36.0
(96.8) 		36.4
(97.5) 		34.9
(94.8) 		30.1
(86.2) 		28.2
(82.8) 		27.8
(82.0) 		29.6
(85.3) 		30.4
(86.7) 		30.1
(86.2) 		30.0
(86.0) 		31.6
(88.9)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 15.3
(59.5) 		16.5
(61.7) 		19.5
(67.1) 		21.5
(70.7) 		22.2
(72.0) 		21.5
(70.7) 		20.9
(69.6) 		20.5
(68.9) 		20.3
(68.5) 		20.2
(68.4) 		18.2
(64.8) 		15.8
(60.4) 		19.3
(66.7)
Record low °C (°F) 6.5
(43.7) 		9.0
(48.2) 		11.7
(53.1) 		11.5
(52.7) 		15.0
(59.0) 		16.0
(60.8) 		15.7
(60.3) 		13.0
(55.4) 		11.5
(52.7) 		11.7
(53.1) 		8.0
(46.4) 		6.0
(42.8) 		6.0
(42.8)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 0.2
(0.01) 		0.3
(0.01) 		5.9
(0.23) 		34.8
(1.37) 		41.1
(1.62) 		109.0
(4.29) 		158.2
(6.23) 		129.0
(5.08) 		70.8
(2.79) 		140.4
(5.53) 		30.4
(1.20) 		11.2
(0.44) 		731.1
(28.78)
Average rainy days 0.0 0.1 0.4 2.4 3.2 8.4 11.9 12.7 5.3 6.3 1.9 0.7 53.3
Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST) 42 40 36 43 53 74 78 79 73 69 59 48 58
Source: India Meteorological Department[19][20]

Demographics

[edit]

As of 2011 Indian Census, Shimoga had a total population of 322,650, of which 162,018 were males and 160,632 were females. Population within the age group of 0 to 6 years was 32,691. The total number of literates in Shimoga was 254,531, which constituted 78.9% of the population with male literacy of 81.4% and female literacy of 76.3%. The effective literacy rate of 7+ population of Shimoga was 87.8%, of which male literacy rate was 90.8% and female literacy rate was 84.8%. The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes population was 40,737 and 9,192 respectively. Shimoga had 76,009 households in 2011.[2]

Religions in Shimoga City (2011)[21]
Religion Percent
Hinduism
 
 72.76%
Islam
 
 23.93%
Christianity
 
 2.17%
Jainism
 
 0.82%
Other or not stated
 
 0.32%
Distribution of religions

Kannada is the most widely spoken language in Shimoga. 72.76% of people are Hindus and 23.93% are Muslims, with rest being Buddhists, Christians and others.[21]

Languages of Shimoga City (2011 census)[22]

  Kannada (53.47%)
  Urdu (23.47%)
  Tamil (6.75%)
  Telugu (5.91%)
  Hindi (3.14%)
  Marathi (2.93%)
  Konkani (2.28%)
  Malayalam (0.93%)
  Others (1.12%)

Kannada is the majority language, spoken by 53.47% of the population. Urdu is the second-largest language, while Tamil, Telugu, Hindi, Marathi and Konkani are also spoken.[22]

Government and politics

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Civic administration

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Shimoga is governed by a Municipal Corporation called the Shivamogga City Corporation. The total area under it is 70.01 km2 (27.03 sq mi), with a population of 322,650 (Census 2011).[23] Shimoga has been selected under the Smart Cities Mission of the Indian Government under Round 2 of selections.[24] Shimoga was upgraded to a Municipal Corporation from a Municipal Council in 2013.[25]

Economy

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RMC Yard, Shimoga

APMC of Shimoga is main marketing point of arecanut, the major commercial crop grown in the district and well as in neighbouring districts like Uttara Kannada. Shimoga has the biggest areca nut market, and known for procuring high quality areca nuts. Other agricultural produces like rice, Maize, chili, coconut etc. are also marketed in APMC.

Shimoga IT Park is an information technology hub built just outside Shimoga near the upcoming Shimoga Airport. The IT Park consists of a 100000 sq ft office building with 24/7 electrical capacity, diesel backup generators, and high speed T1 data connections for use by IT industries such as data centres, call centres, aerospace, robotics, etc.[26]

spar mall
city centre mall shimoga

Transportation

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KSRTC Bus Stand

Road

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Shimoga is well connected by road to major cities like Bangalore, Mysore, Mangalore, Hubli, Davangere, bellary. Two major National Highways pass through the city: NH69 and NH169.

Rail

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The city has two railway stations, main one being Shivamogga Town Railway Station, and there are trains that run to and from Bangalore, Mysore, Tirupati and Chennai.

Air

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Shimoga Airport is situated near Sogane, 13 km south of Shimoga. This is the first airport which is being operated by Karnataka State Industrial & Infrastructure Development Corporation Limited as a wholly owned and undertaking of Government of Karnataka and not handed over to Airport Authority of India.[27][28] The nearest international airports are Kempegowda International Airport and Mangalore International Airport.

Education

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Shimoga is one of the important centers for the high school and the pre-university education in Karnataka. Notable institutes in Shimoga for high school is Jnanadeepa school and for pre-university (PU) education include: Sri Aurobindo PU College and PACE PU College and PES college in outskirts of city.

The village of Gajanur hosts a Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya (central school) which is a boarding school. Kuvempu University is located in Shankarghatta, at a distance of 20 km from Shimoga.

Shimoga Institute of Medical Sciences is the medical sciences college at Shimoga and managed by Government Departments. Subbaiah Institute of Medical Sciences is located at Purale.[29] It also has two engineering colleges, Jawaharlal Nehru National College of Engineering and PES Institute of Technology and Management.Also Rastriya Raksha University, Shivamogga Campus is opened in Ragigudda near Navule

Notable people

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See also: Shimoga district § Notable people

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "About Our District - Shivamogga". District Urban Development Cell, Shivamogga - Official Website of Directorate of Municipal Administration. Retrieved 24 November 2023.
  2. ^ a b c d "Census of India: Shimoga". www.censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 5 December 2019.
  3. ^ "50th Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India (July 2012 to June 2013)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 July 2016. Retrieved 14 January 2015.
  4. ^ "Bangalore becomes 'Bengaluru'; 11 other cities renamed". The Economic Times. PTI. 1 November 2014. Retrieved 18 July 2018.
  5. ^ "85 per cent unused funds leaves Shivamogga scruffy". The New Indian Express. 6 May 2018. Retrieved 23 February 2021.
  6. ^ "Push to complete Smart City project works on time". The Hindu. 24 November 2020. Retrieved 12 February 2021.
  7. ^ a b "Shimoga | Shivamogga | Sightseeing Shimoga | Wildlife Shimoga". Karnataka.com. 18 August 2016. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
  8. ^ "History of Shivamogga". Shivamogga District. National Informatics Centre, Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology, Government of India. Archived from the original on 4 August 2020. Retrieved 8 December 2020.
  9. ^ Buchanan, Francis; Hamilton, Francis (1988). A journey from Madras through the ... – Google Books. Asian Educational Services. ISBN 9788120603868. Retrieved 17 September 2011.
  10. ^ "Bangalore, Mysore, Other Karnataka Cities to be Renamed on 1 November". International Business Times. 18 October 2014. Retrieved 18 July 2018.
  11. ^ K. Jeevan Chinnappa (18 October 2014). "Centre nod for Karnataka's proposal on renaming cities". The Hindu. Retrieved 18 July 2018.
  12. ^ "It's Bengaluru for Pranab". The Times of India. 7 July 2009. Retrieved 18 July 2018.
  13. ^ Nagesh Prabhu. "New name for cities". The Hindu. Retrieved 18 July 2018.
  14. ^ "Shimoga Municipal corporation". Retrieved 18 July 2018.
  15. ^ City, Smart (28 February 2023). "SmartCityProposal_KA-03-SMG" (PDF). Smartnet. Retrieved 28 February 2023.
  16. ^ Chronicle, Deccan (2 July 2019). "Inflow of Tunga river in Karnataka rises after heavy rainfall in Western Ghats". Deccan Chronicle. Retrieved 28 February 2023.
  17. ^ a b "Shimoga, India - Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast". Weather Atlas. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
  18. ^ "Shimoga weather". World Weather Online. Retrieved 18 July 2018.
  19. ^ "Station: Shimoga Climatological Table 1981–2010" (PDF). Climatological Normals 1981–2010. India Meteorological Department. January 2015. pp. 705–706. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 19 April 2020.
  20. ^ "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M103. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 19 April 2020.
  21. ^ a b "Table C-01 Population by Religion: Karnataka". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
  22. ^ a b "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue (Town): Karnataka". www.censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  23. ^ "Shivamogga City Corporation". shivamoggacitycorp.org. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
  24. ^ "City Wise Projects under Smart Cities Mission :: SMART CITIES MISSION, Government of India". smartcities.gov.in. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
  25. ^ "Tumkur, Shimoga and Bijapur cities to be upgraded as Municipal Corporations". The Hindu. 2 September 2013. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
  26. ^ Veerendra, P. M. (26 May 2014). "Two years on, Shimoga Information Technology Park awaits entrepreneurs". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X.
  27. ^ "Shivamogga on aviation map as PM to inaugurate airport today". The New Indian Express. 27 February 2023. Retrieved 28 February 2023.
  28. ^ "Airport at Shimoga likely to come up at Sogane". The Hindu. 8 April 2006. ISSN 0971-751X.
  29. ^ "Contact Us". Subbaiah Institute of Medical Science. Retrieved 18 July 2018.
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