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{{Short description|South African politician (born 1935)}}
{{Cleanup|reason=the article is full of links and needs to be wikified|date=June 2013}}
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{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}


{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Mac Maharaj
| office = [[Minister of Transport (South Africa)|Minister of Transport]]
| successor = [[Dullah Omar]]
| predecessor = [[Piet Welgemoed]]
| president = [[Nelson Mandela]]
| termend = 1999
| termstart = 11 May 1994
| otherparty = [[South African Communist Party]]
| nationality = South African
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1935|04|22}}
| party = [[African National Congress]]
| birth_place = [[Newcastle, KwaZulu-Natal|Newcastle]], [[Natal (province)|Natal]], [[Union of South Africa]]
| birth_name = Sathyandranath Ragunanan Maharaj
| image = Mac Maharaj 2021.png
| caption = Maharaj in 2021
}}
{{Apartheid}}
{{Apartheid}}
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'''Sathyandranath Ragunanan "Mac" Maharaj''' (born 22 April 1935 in [[Newcastle, KwaZulu-Natal]])<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70668852|title=Shades of difference : Mac Maharaj and the struggle for South Africa|last=Padraig.|first=O'Malley,|date=2007|publisher=Viking|isbn=9780670852338|location=New York|oclc=70668852}}</ref> is a [[South African]] politician affiliated with the [[African National Congress]], academic and businessman of [[Indian South African|Indian origin]]. He is the former official spokesperson of the President of [[South Africa]], [[Jacob Zuma]].


⚫
'''Sathyandranath Ragunanan "Mac" Maharaj''' [[Order of Luthuli|OLS]] (born 22 April 1935 in [[Newcastle, KwaZulu-Natal|Newcastle]], [[Natal (province)|Natal]])<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/shadesofdifferen00omal_0|title=Shades of difference: Mac Maharaj and the struggle for South Africa|first=Padraig|last=O'Malley|date=2007|publisher=Viking|isbn=9780670852338|location=New York|oclc=70668852|url-access=registration}}</ref> is a retired [[South Africa]]n politician, businessman, and former [[Internal resistance to apartheid|anti-apartheid activist]]. A member of the [[African National Congress]] (ANC), he was the first post-apartheid [[Minister of Transport (South Africa)|Minister of Transport]] from 1994 to 1999. He was later the official spokesperson to the [[President of South Africa]], [[Jacob Zuma]].
==Involvement in the struggle against apartheid==


==Anti-apartheid activism==
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Maharaj was a political activist and member of the [[South African Communist Party]],<ref>[http://www.anc.org.za/people/maharaj.html biography of MAC MAHARAJ<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060524045723/http://www.anc.org.za/people/maharaj.html |date=24 May 2006 }}</ref> who worked in a clandestine manner on anti-[[History of South Africa in the apartheid era|apartheid]] activities with [[Nelson Mandela]].<ref name = "Maharaj.sahistory"/> <ref name=":0" /> In July 1964, Maharaj was arrested in Johannesburg, charged and convicted with four others on charges of sabotage in the [[Little Rivonia Trial|little Rivonia trial]], and was imprisoned on [[Robben Island]] with Mandela.<ref name = "Maharaj.sahistory"/><ref name=":0" /> In prison he secretly transcribed Mandela's memoir ''[[Long Walk to Freedom]]'' and smuggled it out of the prison in 1976.<ref name=":0" /><ref>[http://www.abc.net.au/melbourne/stories/s1787790.htm Mac Maharaj and Zoe Daniel], 14 November 2006, [http://www.abc.net.au/melbourne ABC Melbourne], Retrieved on 25 May 2007.</ref>


⚫
Maharaj was a political activist and member of the then banned [[South African Communist Party]],<ref>[http://www.anc.org.za/people/maharaj.html Biography of Mac Maharaj] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060524045723/http://www.anc.org.za/people/maharaj.html |date=24 May 2006 }}</ref> who worked in a clandestine manner on [[History of South Africa in the apartheid era|anti-apartheid]] activities with [[Nelson Mandela]].<ref name = "Maharaj.sahistory"/><ref name=":0" /> In July 1964, Maharaj was arrested in Johannesburg, charged and convicted with four others including [[Laloo Chiba]] and [[Wilton Mkwayi]] on charges of sabotage in the [[little Rivonia Trial]], and was imprisoned on [[Robben Island]] with Mandela, [[Walter Sisulu]], [[Govan Mbeki]] and other revolutionary prisoners.<ref>{{cite book | last =O'Malley | first =Padraig | title =Shades of difference. Mac Maharaj and the struggle for South Africa | url =https://archive.org/details/shadesofdifferen00omal | url-access =registration | publisher =Viking | date =2007 | location =New York | pages =[https://archive.org/details/shadesofdifferen00omal/page/137 137–146]}}</ref><ref name = "Maharaj.sahistory"/><ref name=":0" /> In prison he secretly transcribed parts of Mandela's memoir ''[[Long Walk to Freedom]]'' and smuggled it out of the prison in 1976.<ref name=":0" /><ref>[http://www.abc.net.au/melbourne/stories/s1787790.htm Mac Maharaj and Zoe Daniel], 14 November 2006, [http://www.abc.net.au/melbourne ABC Melbourne], Retrieved on 25 May 2007.</ref>
During his time in prison, Maharaj completed a B.Admin, an MBA and the second year of a B.Sc degree before his release on 8 December 1976.<ref name = "Maharaj.sahistory">{{cite web| url = http://www.sahistory.org.za/people/satyandranath-mac-ragunanan-maharaj| title = Satyandranath "Mac" Ragunanan Maharaj| date = January 10, 2013| accessdate = January 8, 2014| work = [[South African History Online]]}}</ref>


After being released from the [[Robben Island]] prison in 1976, Maharaj was deployed by the [[ANC]] to Zambia in 1977. He was elected to the National Executive Committee of the [[ANC]] in 1985. From 1988 to 1990 Maharaj worked underground in South Africa as part of the [[ANC]]'s [[Operation Vula]],<ref>[http://www.radionetherlandsarchives.org/operation-vula-a-secret-dutch-network-against-apartheid/"Operation Vula: a secret Dutch network against apartheid", Radio Netherlands Archives, September 9, 1999]</ref> which was a project to infiltrate the [[ANC]]'s top leaders back into South Africa. During this time Maharaj worked with [[Schabir Shaik]]'s two brothers, Yunis Shaik and Moe Shaik, also members of the [[ANC]]. Maharaj reported to the then [[ANC]] intelligence chief [[Jacob Zuma]].<ref name="MacEvidence">{{cite web|url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-11-25-the-evidence-that-damns-mac| title= The evidence that damns Mac| author=Stefaans Brümmer & Sam Sole| publisher=[[Mail & Guardian Online]]| date=25 November 2011}}</ref>
During his time in prison, Maharaj completed a B.Admin, an MBA and the second year of a B.Sc degree before his release on 8 December 1976.<ref name = "Maharaj.sahistory">{{cite web| url = http://www.sahistory.org.za/people/satyandranath-mac-ragunanan-maharaj| title = Satyandranath "Mac" Ragunanan Maharaj| date = 10 January 2013| access-date = 8 January 2014| work = [[South African History Online]]}}</ref>
After being released from the Robben Island prison in 1976, Maharaj was deployed by the [[ANC]] to Zambia in 1977. He was elected to the National Executive Committee of the ANC in 1985. From 1988 to 1990 Maharaj worked underground in South Africa as part of the [[ANC]]'s [[Operation Vula]],<ref>{{Cite web|date=1999-09-09|title=Operation Vula: A secret Dutch network against apartheid|url=https://www.radionetherlandsarchives.org/operation-vula-a-secret-dutch-network-against-apartheid/|access-date=2021-10-08|website=Radio Netherlands Archives|language=en-GB}}</ref> which was a project to infiltrate the ANC's top leaders back into South Africa. During this time Maharaj worked with [[Schabir Shaik]]'s two brothers, Yunis Shaik and [[Moe Shaik]], also members of the ANC. Maharaj reported to the then ANC intelligence chief [[Jacob Zuma]].<ref name="MacEvidence">{{cite web|url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-11-25-the-evidence-that-damns-mac| title= The evidence that damns Mac| author=Stefaans Brümmer & Sam Sole| publisher=[[Mail & Guardian Online]]| date=25 November 2011}}</ref>


==Role in government==
==Role in government==


He was post-1994 [[South Africa]]'s first [[Minister of Transport (South Africa)|Minister of Transport]], a post he took on 11 May 1994 and kept until the [[South African general election, 1999|general election of 1999]].<ref name = "Maharaj.sahistory"/>
He was appointed [[South Africa]]'s new [[Minister of Transport (South Africa)|Minister of Transport]] on 11 May 1994, a post he kept until the [[1999 South African general election|general election of 1999]].<ref name = "Maharaj.sahistory"/>

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On 6 July 2011 he was appointed by [[Jacob Zuma|President Jacob Zuma]] as his Spokesperson with immediate effect.


==Private sector==
==Private sector==


After the national elections of 1999, Mac Maharaj stepped down from politics and joined [[FirstRand Bank]] and was its highest paid non-executive director.<ref>[http://www.iol.co.za/news/politics/mac-maharaj-to-resign-from-firstrand-1.111160 Mac Maharaj to resign from FirstRand], Retrieved on 22 November 2011.</ref>
After the national elections of 1999, Mac Maharaj stepped down from politics, then joined [[FirstRand Bank]] as its highest paid non-executive director.<ref>[http://www.iol.co.za/news/politics/mac-maharaj-to-resign-from-firstrand-1.111160 Mac Maharaj to resign from FirstRand], Retrieved on 22 November 2011.</ref>


==Controversies==
==Controversies==
[[File:Mac Maharaj, Spokesperson of the Government of South Africa, with Deepak Premnarayen, Chairman, ICS (cropped).jpg|thumb|290x290px|Maharaj (left) in 2014]]

In February 2003 the [[South African]] newspaper, [[The Sunday Times (South Africa)|The Sunday Times]], published allegations that Mac Maharaj and his wife Zarina had received more than R500,000 between May 1998 and February 1999 from a businessman, [[Schabir Shaik]], who had shared in two multi-million rand contracts awarded by the Ministry of Transport whilst Maharaj was Minister.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://mg.co.za/article/2011-11-22-mac-maharaj-and-controversy-a-timeline/ | title= Mac Maharaj and controversy: A timeline| author= NICKOLAUS BAUER| publisher=Mail & Guardian Online| date=22 November 2011}}</ref>
In February 2003 the [[South Africa]]n newspaper, [[The Sunday Times (South Africa)|''The Sunday Times'']], published allegations that Mac Maharaj and his wife Zarina had received more than R500,000 between May 1998 and February 1999 from a businessman, [[Schabir Shaik]], who had shared in two multi-million rand contracts awarded by the Ministry of Transport whilst Maharaj was Minister.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://mg.co.za/article/2011-11-22-mac-maharaj-and-controversy-a-timeline/ | title= Mac Maharaj and controversy: A timeline| author= Bauer, Nickolaus| publisher=Mail & Guardian Online| date=22 November 2011}}</ref>
In August 2003 Maharaj resigned from FirstRand Bank following the media furor around the allegations of corruption.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iol.co.za/news/politics/mac-maharaj-to-resign-from-firstrand-1.111160
In August 2003 Maharaj resigned from FirstRand Bank following the media furor around the allegations of corruption.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iol.co.za/news/politics/mac-maharaj-to-resign-from-firstrand-1.111160
| title=Mac Maharaj to resign from FirstRand| author=Maureen Isaacson| publisher=iol News| date=10 August 2003}}</ref>
| title=Mac Maharaj to resign from FirstRand| author=Maureen Isaacson| publisher=iol News| date=10 August 2003}}</ref>


In March 2007 the [[South African]] newspaper, [[City Press (South Africa)|City Press]], published allegations that Maharaj’s wife Zarina opened a Swiss bank account in 1996, and two days after opening it, received over $100,000 into the account from [[Schabir Shaik]]. Six months later, in March 1997, the same Swiss account received a further $100,000 from [[Schabir Shaik]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.citypress.co.za/SouthAfrica/News/Macs-foreign-stash-20100615| title=Mac’s foreign stash| author=MAKHUDU SEFARA| publisher=City Press| date=24 March 2007}}</ref>
In March 2007 the South African newspaper, [[City Press (South Africa)|''City Press'']], published allegations that Maharaj's wife Zarina opened a Swiss bank account in 1996, and two days after opening it, received over $100,000 into the account from [[Schabir Shaik]]. Six months later, in March 1997, the same Swiss account received a further $100,000 from Schabir Shaik.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.citypress.co.za/SouthAfrica/News/Macs-foreign-stash-20100615| title=Mac's foreign stash| author=Sefara, Makhudu| publisher=City Press| date=24 March 2007| access-date=12 January 2012| archive-date=30 July 2012| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120730092000/http://www.citypress.co.za/SouthAfrica/News/Macs-foreign-stash-20100615| url-status=dead}}</ref>


⚫
In November 2011 the South African newspaper ''[[Mail & Guardian]]'' attempted to publish further allegations about both Mac and Zarina Maharaj, in relation to their interviews by prosecutors in 2003, but did not do so after Mac Maharaj laid criminal charges against the newspaper for allegedly infringing the laws protecting the secrecy of the 2003 prosecutor interviews.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://mg.co.za/article/2011-11-19-maharaj-targets-mgs-brmmer-and-sole/ | title= Maharaj targets M&G's Brümmer and Sole| author= Faull, Lionel| publisher=Mail & Guardian Online| date=19 November 2011}}</ref>
⚫
On 6 July 2011 he was appointed by [[Jacob Zuma|President Jacob Zuma]] as his Spokesperson with immediate effect.

⚫
In November 2011 the [[South African]] newspaper The [[Mail and Guardian]] attempted to publish further allegations about both Mac and Zarina Maharaj, in relation to their interviews by prosecutors in 2003, but did not do so after Mac Maharaj laid criminal charges against the newspaper for allegedly infringing the laws protecting the secrecy of the 2003 prosecutor interviews.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://mg.co.za/article/2011-11-19-maharaj-targets-mgs-brmmer-and-sole/ | title= Maharaj targets M&G's Brümmer and Sole| author= LIONEL FAULL| publisher=Mail & Guardian Online| date=19 November 2011}}</ref>


Maharaj has never been charged by [[South African]] prosecutors supposedly because it would have been difficult to prove that Maharaj had corrupt intentions when he and his wife received money from [[Schabir Shaik]].<ref name="MacEvidence" />
Maharaj has never been charged by South African prosecutors supposedly because it would have been difficult to prove that Maharaj had corrupt intentions when he and his wife received money from Schabir Shaik.<ref name="MacEvidence" />


==Academic affiliations==
==Academic affiliations==
Line 40: Line 59:
==Quotes==
==Quotes==


*"You don't have to carry a gun to be a freedom fighter."<ref name=er>Empowerment Radio with Tunde Obazee KNON 89.3 FM Dallas, Tx - Live Broadcast 23 Oct. 2006</ref>
*"You don't have to carry a gun to be a freedom fighter."<ref name=er>Empowerment Radio with Tunde Obazee KNON 89.3 FM Dallas, Tx – Live Broadcast 23 October 2006</ref>
*"Revenge should not be our motivation."<ref name=er/>
*"Revenge should not be our motivation."<ref name=er/>


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{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}


== See also ==
== Further reading ==
{{wikiquote}}
{{Wikiquote}}
* ''Shades of Difference: Mac Maharaj and the Struggle for South Africa'' (2007) (foreword by [[Nelson Mandela]]) {{ISBN|978-0-670-85233-8}}
* ''Shades of Difference: Mac Maharaj and the Struggle for South Africa'' (2007) (foreword by [[Nelson Mandela]]) {{ISBN|978-0-670-85233-8}}

{{Nelson Mandela cabinet 1}}
{{Nelson Mandela cabinet 1}}
{{Nelson Mandela cabinet 2}}
{{Nelson Mandela cabinet 2}}
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{{Authority control}}


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{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2010}}


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{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Maharaj, Mac}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Maharaj, Mac}}
[[Category:1935 births]]
[[Category:1935 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Anti-apartheid activists]]
[[Category:South African anti-apartheid activists]]
[[Category:Bennington College faculty]]
[[Category:Bennington College faculty]]
[[Category:Members of the South African Communist Party]]
[[Category:Members of the South African Communist Party]]
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[[Category:African National Congress politicians]]
[[Category:African National Congress politicians]]
[[Category:South African Communist Party politicians]]
[[Category:South African Communist Party politicians]]
[[Category:Members of the National Assembly of South Africa]]
[[Category:Members of the National Assembly of South Africa 1994–1999]]
[[Category:Government ministers of South Africa]]
[[Category:Transport ministers of South Africa]]
[[Category:Members of the Order of Luthuli]]
[[Category:UMkhonto we Sizwe personnel]]

Latest revision as of 06:18, 25 November 2024

Mac Maharaj
Maharaj in 2021
Minister of Transport
In office
11 May 1994 – 1999
PresidentNelson Mandela
Preceded byPiet Welgemoed
Succeeded byDullah Omar
Personal details
Born
Sathyandranath Ragunanan Maharaj

(1935-04-22) 22 April 1935 (age 89)
Newcastle, Natal, Union of South Africa
Political partyAfrican National Congress
Other political
affiliations		South African Communist Party
Part of a series on
Apartheid
Events
Organisations
People
Places
Related topics

Sathyandranath Ragunanan "Mac" Maharaj OLS (born 22 April 1935 in Newcastle, Natal)[1] is a retired South African politician, businessman, and former anti-apartheid activist. A member of the African National Congress (ANC), he was the first post-apartheid Minister of Transport from 1994 to 1999. He was later the official spokesperson to the President of South Africa, Jacob Zuma.

Anti-apartheid activism

[edit]

Maharaj was a political activist and member of the then banned South African Communist Party,[2] who worked in a clandestine manner on anti-apartheid activities with Nelson Mandela.[3][1] In July 1964, Maharaj was arrested in Johannesburg, charged and convicted with four others including Laloo Chiba and Wilton Mkwayi on charges of sabotage in the little Rivonia Trial, and was imprisoned on Robben Island with Mandela, Walter Sisulu, Govan Mbeki and other revolutionary prisoners.[4][3][1] In prison he secretly transcribed parts of Mandela's memoir Long Walk to Freedom and smuggled it out of the prison in 1976.[1][5]

During his time in prison, Maharaj completed a B.Admin, an MBA and the second year of a B.Sc degree before his release on 8 December 1976.[3]

After being released from the Robben Island prison in 1976, Maharaj was deployed by the ANC to Zambia in 1977. He was elected to the National Executive Committee of the ANC in 1985. From 1988 to 1990 Maharaj worked underground in South Africa as part of the ANC's Operation Vula,[6] which was a project to infiltrate the ANC's top leaders back into South Africa. During this time Maharaj worked with Schabir Shaik's two brothers, Yunis Shaik and Moe Shaik, also members of the ANC. Maharaj reported to the then ANC intelligence chief Jacob Zuma.[7]

Role in government

[edit]

He was appointed South Africa's new Minister of Transport on 11 May 1994, a post he kept until the general election of 1999.[3]

On 6 July 2011 he was appointed by President Jacob Zuma as his Spokesperson with immediate effect.

Private sector

[edit]

After the national elections of 1999, Mac Maharaj stepped down from politics, then joined FirstRand Bank as its highest paid non-executive director.[8]

Controversies

[edit]
Maharaj (left) in 2014

In February 2003 the South African newspaper, The Sunday Times, published allegations that Mac Maharaj and his wife Zarina had received more than R500,000 between May 1998 and February 1999 from a businessman, Schabir Shaik, who had shared in two multi-million rand contracts awarded by the Ministry of Transport whilst Maharaj was Minister.[9] In August 2003 Maharaj resigned from FirstRand Bank following the media furor around the allegations of corruption.[10]

In March 2007 the South African newspaper, City Press, published allegations that Maharaj's wife Zarina opened a Swiss bank account in 1996, and two days after opening it, received over $100,000 into the account from Schabir Shaik. Six months later, in March 1997, the same Swiss account received a further $100,000 from Schabir Shaik.[11]

In November 2011 the South African newspaper Mail & Guardian attempted to publish further allegations about both Mac and Zarina Maharaj, in relation to their interviews by prosecutors in 2003, but did not do so after Mac Maharaj laid criminal charges against the newspaper for allegedly infringing the laws protecting the secrecy of the 2003 prosecutor interviews.[12]

Maharaj has never been charged by South African prosecutors supposedly because it would have been difficult to prove that Maharaj had corrupt intentions when he and his wife received money from Schabir Shaik.[7]

Academic affiliations

[edit]

In 2005, he joined the faculty of Bennington College in Vermont, USA.

Quotes

[edit]
  • "You don't have to carry a gun to be a freedom fighter."[13]
  • "Revenge should not be our motivation."[13]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d O'Malley, Padraig (2007). Shades of difference: Mac Maharaj and the struggle for South Africa. New York: Viking. ISBN 9780670852338. OCLC 70668852.
  2. ^ Biography of Mac Maharaj Archived 24 May 2006 at the Wayback Machine
  3. ^ a b c d "Satyandranath "Mac" Ragunanan Maharaj". South African History Online. 10 January 2013. Retrieved 8 January 2014.
  4. ^ O'Malley, Padraig (2007). Shades of difference. Mac Maharaj and the struggle for South Africa. New York: Viking. pp. 137–146.
  5. ^ Mac Maharaj and Zoe Daniel, 14 November 2006, ABC Melbourne, Retrieved on 25 May 2007.
  6. ^ "Operation Vula: A secret Dutch network against apartheid". Radio Netherlands Archives. 9 September 1999. Retrieved 8 October 2021.
  7. ^ a b Stefaans Brümmer & Sam Sole (25 November 2011). "The evidence that damns Mac". Mail & Guardian Online.
  8. ^ Mac Maharaj to resign from FirstRand, Retrieved on 22 November 2011.
  9. ^ Bauer, Nickolaus (22 November 2011). "Mac Maharaj and controversy: A timeline". Mail & Guardian Online.
  10. ^ Maureen Isaacson (10 August 2003). "Mac Maharaj to resign from FirstRand". iol News.
  11. ^ Sefara, Makhudu (24 March 2007). "Mac's foreign stash". City Press. Archived from the original on 30 July 2012. Retrieved 12 January 2012.
  12. ^ Faull, Lionel (19 November 2011). "Maharaj targets M&G's Brümmer and Sole". Mail & Guardian Online.
  13. ^ a b Empowerment Radio with Tunde Obazee KNON 89.3 FM Dallas, Tx – Live Broadcast 23 October 2006

Further reading

[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to Mac Maharaj.
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