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{{short description|1889–1943 municipality in Japan}}
⚫
{{About|the historical municipality|the present-day city|Tokyo}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}
⚫
{{About|the historical Tokyo City|present-day Tokyo|Tokyo}}
{{Infobox former subdivision
{{Infobox former subdivision
|conventional_long_name = Tokyo City
| conventional_long_name = Tokyo City
|native_name = {{nobold|'''東京市'''}}
| native_name = {{nobold|'''東京市'''}}
|common_name = Tokyo
| common_name = Tokyo
|subdivision = [[Cities of Japan|City]]
| subdivision = [[Cities of Japan|City]]
|nation = [[Empire of Japan|Japan]]
| nation = [[Empire of Japan|Japan]]
|p1 = Edo
| p1 = Edo
|s1 = Tokyo
| s1 = Special wards of Tokyo
|flag_s1 = Flag of Tokyo Prefecture.svg
| flag_s1 = Flag of Tokyo Metropolis.svg
|image_flag = Merchant flag of Japan (1870).svg
| image_flag =
|image_coat = Imperial Seal of Japan.svg
| image_coat = Emblem of Tokyo Metropolis.svg
|image_map = Ginza in 1933.JPG
| image_map = {{multiple image
| border = infobox
⚫
|image_map_caption = Tokyo City in 1933
| total_width = 300
|capital = Tokyo
| perrow = 1/3/2/2
⚫
|date_start = 1 May
| image1 = Ginza Street in1936.jpg
⚫
|year_start = 1889
| caption1 = [[Ginza]]
⚫
|date_end = 1 July
| image2 = Shinjuku at night in 1930s.jpg
⚫
|year_end = 1943
| caption2 = [[Shinjuku]]
⚫
|political_subdiv = [[Special wards of Tokyo|35 wards]]
| image3 = Ginza line in early Showa era.jpg
|today = [[Tokyo|Tokyo Metropolis]], Japan
| caption3 = [[Ginza line]]
| image4 = Jintan 12kai.jpg
| caption4 = [[Ryōunkaku]]
| image5 = Mitsukoshi Dry-Goods Store.jpg
| caption5 = [[Mitsukoshi]] in Nihonbashi
| image6 = Tokyo Imperial University，1925.jpg
| caption6 = [[University of Tokyo]]
| image7 = Scene Tokyo 01.jpg
| caption7 = [[Asakusa]]
| image8 = Dance Hall at Yotsuya.jpg
| caption8 = [[Dance Hall]]
}}
⚫
| image_map_caption =
⚫
| date_start = 1 May
⚫
| year_start = 1889
⚫
| date_end = 1 July
⚫
| year_end = 1943
⚫
| political_subdiv = [[Special wards of Tokyo|35 wards]]
}}
}}
[[File:Tokyo before Great Kanto earthquake.PNG|thumb|250px|Map of Tokyo City before the [[Great Kanto earthquake]] of 1923]]
[[File:Tokyo before Great Kanto earthquake.PNG|thumb|Map of Tokyo City before the [[Great Kanto earthquake]] of 1923]]
[[File:Tokyo Prefectural Office and Tokyo City Hall.JPG|thumb|250px|Tokyo Prefectural Office and [[Tokyo City Hall]]]]
[[File:Tokyo_Prefectural_Office_and_Tokyo_City_Hall_1930s.jpg|thumb|Tokyo Prefectural Office and [[Tokyo City Hall]]]]
[[File:Tokio Eingemeindungen 1932-1936.png|thumb|250px|Administrative map of "Greater Tokyo" (大東京 ''Dai-Tōkyō''), the merger of 82 municipalities into Tokyo City in 1932, and two smaller mergers in 1936]]
[[File:Tokio Eingemeindungen 1932-1936.png|thumb|Administrative map of "Greater Tokyo" (大東京 ''Dai-Tōkyō''), the merger of 82 municipalities into Tokyo City in 1932, and two smaller mergers in 1936]]


{{nihongo|'''Tokyo City'''|東京市|''Tōkyō-shi''}} was a [[Cities of Japan|municipality]] in Japan and part of [[Tokyo Prefecture|Tokyo-fu]] which existed from 1 May 1889 until its merger with its prefecture on 1 July 1943.<ref name="nenpyo">[http://www.metro.tokyo.jp/PROFILE/nenpyo.htm 東京都年表], Tokyo Metropolitan Government.</ref> The historical boundaries of Tokyo City are now occupied by the [[Special wards of Tokyo|23 Special Wards]] of Tokyo. The new merged government became what is now Tokyo, also known as the ''[[Tokyo|Tokyo Metropolis]]'', or, ambiguously, ''[[Tokyo|Tokyo Prefecture]]''.
{{nihongo|'''Tokyo City'''|東京市|''Tōkyō-shi''}} was a [[Cities of Japan|municipality]] in Japan and capital of [[Tokyo Prefecture (1868–1943)|Tokyo Prefecture]] (or ''Tokyo-fu'') which existed from 1 May 1889 until the establishment of [[Tokyo Metropolis]] on 1 July 1943.<ref name="nenpyo">{{cite web |url=http://www.metro.tokyo.jp/PROFILE/nenpyo.htm |title=東京都年表 |publisher=Tokyo Metropolitan Government |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120229233236/http://www.metro.tokyo.jp/PROFILE/nenpyo.htm |archive-date=2012-02-29 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The historical boundaries of Tokyo City are now occupied by the [[Special wards of Tokyo|special wards]] of [[Tokyo]]. The defunct city and its prefecture became what is now Tokyo, also known as the Tokyo Metropolis or, ambiguously, Tokyo Prefecture.


==History==
==History==
{{See also|History of Tokyo}}
{{See also|History of Tokyo}}


In 1868, the medieval city of [[Edo]], seat of the [[Tokugawa shogunate|Tokugawa]] government, was renamed Tokyo, and the offices of [[Tokyo Prefecture]] (''-fu'') were opened.<ref name="nenpyo" /> The extent of Tokyo Prefecture was initially limited to the former Edo city, but rapidly augmented to be comparable with the present Tokyo Metropolis. In 1878, the Meiji government's reorganization of local governments<ref>The 郡区町村編制法, ''gun-ku-chō-son hensei-hō'', [[:ja:郡区町村編制法|(ja)]] of 1878, the law on the organization of gun (counties/districts), ku (cities/districts/wards), towns and villages, one of the "three new laws" on local government of 1878 that also created prefectural taxation rights and prefectural assemblies (地方三新法, ''chihō san-shinpō'', [[:ja:地方三新法|(ja)]])</ref> subdivided prefectures into [[Counties of Japan|counties or districts]] (''gun'', further subdivided into [[Towns of Japan|towns]] and [[Villages of Japan|villages]], later reorganized similar to Prussian [[Districts of Prussia|districts]]) and districts or wards (''ku'') which were in ordinary prefectures cities as a whole, e.g. today's Hiroshima City (''-shi'') was then ''Hiroshima-ku''; the three major cities of Tokyo, Osaka and Kyoto were each subdivided into several such wards. In Tokyo Prefecture, this created 15 wards (listed below) and six counties/districts.<ref name="TMGprofile">[http://www.metro.tokyo.jp/PROFILE/DATA/tosei16.pdf 東京のあゆみ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029201759/http://www.metro.tokyo.jp/PROFILE/DATA/tosei16.pdf |date=29 October 2013 }}, p. 225, Tokyo Metropolitan Government</ref>
In 1868, the city of [[Edo]], seat of the [[Tokugawa shogunate|Tokugawa]] government, was renamed Tokyo, and the offices of [[Tokyo Prefecture]] (''-fu'') were opened.<ref name="nenpyo" /> The extent of Tokyo Prefecture was initially limited to the former Edo city, but rapidly augmented to be comparable with the present Tokyo Metropolis. In 1878, the Meiji government's reorganization of local governments{{efn|The {{ill|郡区町村編制法|ja}} ''gun-ku-chō-son hensei-hō'', of 1878, the law on the organization of gun (counties/districts), ku (cities/districts/wards), towns and villages, one of the "three new laws" on local government of 1878 that also created prefectural taxation rights and prefectural assemblies (地方三新法, ''chihō san-shinpō'', {{ill|地方三新法|ja}}) }} subdivided prefectures into [[Counties of Japan|counties or districts]] (''gun'', further subdivided into [[Towns of Japan|towns]] and [[Villages of Japan|villages]], later reorganized similar to [[Districts of Prussia|Prussian districts]]) and districts or wards (''ku'') which were in ordinary prefectures cities as a whole, e.g. today's Hiroshima City (''-shi'') was then ''Hiroshima-ku''; the three major cities of Tokyo, Osaka and Kyoto were each subdivided into several such wards. In Tokyo Prefecture, this created 15 wards (listed below) and six counties/districts.<ref name="TMGprofile">{{cite web |url=http://www.metro.tokyo.jp/PROFILE/DATA/tosei16.pdf |title=東京のあゆみ |publisher=Tokyo Metropolitan Government |page=225 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029201759/http://www.metro.tokyo.jp/PROFILE/DATA/tosei16.pdf |archive-date=29 October 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref>


In 1888, the central government created the legal framework for the current system of [[Cities of Japan|cities]] (''shi'')<ref>市制, ''shi-sei'' [[:ja:市制|(ja)]], the municipal code for cities of 1888. In the same year, the municipal code for towns on villages, the 町村制, ''chō-son-sei'' [[:ja:町村制|(ja)]], was created. The county governments were reorganized in 1890 by the 郡制, gun-sei [[:ja:郡制|(ja)]]</ref> that granted some basic local autonomy rights – with some similarities to [[Prussian reforms|Prussia's system of local self-government]] as Meiji government advisor [[Albert Mosse]] heavily influenced the organization of local government.<ref>Akio Kamiko, [http://www3.grips.ac.jp/~coslog/activity/01/05/file/Seiritsu-2_en.pdf Implementation of the City Law and the Town and Village Law (1881–1908)]. [http://www3.grips.ac.jp/~coslog/en/activity/01/05/index.html Historical Development of Japanese Local Governance] Vol. 2 (Note on translations: This work and others consistently use the translation "assembly" for the ''elected'' prefectural and municipal assemblies (today generally [''shi/to''/etc.]-''gikai'', but in the Empire sometimes only [''shi/fu''/etc.]-''kai''), and "council" for the partially or completely ''unelected'' prefectural, county and municipal ''sanjikai'' (参事会). But other works follow modern usage and translate the elected body of ''shikai'' (as it is still named in some major cities) as city "council", and use other translations such as "advisory council" for the sanjikai.)</ref> But under a special imperial regulation,<ref>市制特例, ''shisei-tokurei'' [[:ja:市制特例|(ja)]] of 1889</ref> Tokyo City, like Kyoto City and Osaka City, initially did not maintain a separate mayor; instead, the (appointed) governor of Tokyo Prefecture served as mayor of Tokyo City. The Tokyo [[city council]]/assembly (''Tōkyō-shikai'') was first elected in May 1889.<ref name="TMGprofile" /> Each [[wards of Japan|ward]] also retained its own assembly. City and prefectural government were separated in 1898.,<ref name="TMGprofile"/> and the government began to appoint a separate mayor of Tokyo City in 1898, but retained ward-level legislation, which continues to this day in the special ward system. From 1926, the mayor was elected by the elected city council/assembly from its own ranks. The city hall of Tokyo was located in the [[Yūrakuchō]] district, on a site now occupied by the [[Tokyo International Forum]].<ref>[http://tois.nichibun.ac.jp/chizu/images/1024934-o.html Map of Tokyo City, 1913]</ref>
In 1888, the central government created the legal framework for the current system of [[Cities of Japan|cities]] (''shi''){{efn|市制, ''shi-sei'' {{ill|市制|ja}}, the municipal code for cities of 1888. In the same year, the municipal code for towns on villages, the 町村制, ''chō-son-sei'' {{ill|町村制|ja}}, was created. The county governments were reorganized in 1890 by the {{ill|郡制|ja}} (''gun-sei'' ) }} that granted some basic local autonomy rights – with some similarities to [[Prussian reforms|Prussia's system of local self-government]] as Meiji government advisor [[Albert Mosse]] heavily influenced the organization of local government.<ref>Akio Kamiko, [http://www3.grips.ac.jp/~coslog/activity/01/05/file/Seiritsu-2_en.pdf Implementation of the City Law and the Town and Village Law (1881–1908)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150610035549/http://www3.grips.ac.jp/~coslog/activity/01/05/file/Seiritsu-2_en.pdf |date=10 June 2015 }}. [http://www3.grips.ac.jp/~coslog/en/activity/01/05/index.html Historical Development of Japanese Local Governance] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124034057/http://www3.grips.ac.jp/~coslog/en/activity/01/05/index.html |date=24 January 2022 }} Vol. 2 (Note on translations: This work and others consistently use the translation "assembly" for the ''elected'' prefectural and municipal assemblies (today generally [''shi/to''/etc.]-''gikai'', but in the Empire sometimes only [''shi/fu''/etc.]-''kai''), and "council" for the partially or completely ''unelected'' prefectural, county and municipal ''sanjikai'' (参事会). But other works follow modern usage and translate the elected body of ''shikai'' (as it is still named in some major cities) as city "council", and use other translations such as "advisory council" for the sanjikai.)</ref> But under a special imperial regulation,{{efn| {{ill|市制特例|ja}} ''shisei-tokurei''of 1889 }} Tokyo City, like Kyoto City and Osaka City, initially did not maintain a separate mayor; instead, the (appointed) governor of Tokyo Prefecture served as mayor of Tokyo City. The Tokyo [[city council]]/assembly (''Tōkyō-shikai'') was first elected in May 1889.<ref name="TMGprofile" /> Each [[wards of Japan|ward]] also retained its own assembly. City and prefectural government were separated in 1898.,<ref name="TMGprofile"/> and the government began to appoint a separate mayor of Tokyo City in 1898, but retained ward-level legislation, which continues to this day in the special ward system. From 1926, the mayor was elected by the elected city council/assembly from its own ranks. The city hall of Tokyo was located in the [[Yūrakuchō]] district, on a site now occupied by the [[Tokyo International Forum]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://tois.nichibun.ac.jp/chizu/images/1024934-o.html |title=Map of Tokyo City, 1913 |access-date=12 November 2008 |archive-date=21 February 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090221114143/http://tois.nichibun.ac.jp/chizu/images/1024934-o.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>


Tokyo became the second-largest city in the world (population 4.9&nbsp;million) upon absorbing several outlying districts in July 1932, giving the city a total of 35 wards.<ref name="nenpyo" />
Tokyo became the second-largest city in the world (population 4.9&nbsp;million) upon absorbing several outlying districts in July 1932, giving the city a total of 35 wards.<ref name="nenpyo" />


In 1943, the city was abolished and merged with Tokyo Prefecture to form the Tokyo Metropolitan Government,<ref name="nenpyo" /> which was functionally a part of the central government of Japan: the governor of Tokyo became a [[Cabinet of Japan|Cabinet]] minister reporting directly to the [[Prime Minister of Japan|Prime Minister]]. This system remained in place until 1947 when the current structure of the Tokyo Metropolitan Government was formed.<ref name="nenpyo" />
In 1943, the city was abolished along with Tokyo Prefecture to form Tokyo Metropolis and [[Tokyo Metropolitan Government]],<ref name="nenpyo" /> which was functionally a part of the central government of Japan: the governor of Tokyo became a [[Cabinet of Japan|Cabinet]] minister reporting directly to the [[Prime Minister of Japan|Prime Minister]]. This system remained in place until 1947 when the current structure of the Tokyo Metropolitan Government was formed.<ref name="nenpyo" />


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
Line 55: Line 74:


==Wards==
==Wards==
{{unref|section|date=June 2021}}
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
Line 71: Line 91:
| rowspan="2" style="background-color: #fff6d6" | [[Chūō, Tokyo|Chūō]]
| rowspan="2" style="background-color: #fff6d6" | [[Chūō, Tokyo|Chūō]]
|-
|-
| colspan="6" style="background-color: #fefef0" | [[Kyōbashi#Tokyo|Kyōbashi]]
| colspan="6" style="background-color: #fefef0" | [[Kyōbashi, Tokyo|Kyōbashi]]
|-
|-
| colspan="6" style="background-color: #fefef0" | [[Shiba, Tokyo|Shiba]]
| colspan="6" style="background-color: #fefef0" | [[Shiba, Tokyo|Shiba]]
Line 117: Line 137:
| colspan="4" style="background-color: #f5f5ff" | [[Sumida, Tokyo|Sumida]]-machi, [[Minamikatsushika District, Tokyo|Minami-Katsushika]]-gun
| colspan="4" style="background-color: #f5f5ff" | [[Sumida, Tokyo|Sumida]]-machi, [[Minamikatsushika District, Tokyo|Minami-Katsushika]]-gun
|-
|-
| colspan="6" style="background-color: #fefef0" | [[Fukugawa, Tokyo|Fukagawa]]
| colspan="6" style="background-color: #fefef0" | [[Fukagawa, Tokyo|Fukagawa]]
| rowspan="4" style="background-color: #fff6d6" | [[Kōtō, Tokyo|Kōtō]]
| rowspan="4" style="background-color: #fff6d6" | [[Kōtō, Tokyo|Kōtō]]
|-
|-
Line 313: Line 333:
* [[Capital of Japan]]
* [[Capital of Japan]]
* [[Politics of Tokyo City]]
* [[Politics of Tokyo City]]

== Notes ==
{{Notelist}}


==References==
==References==
Line 321: Line 344:


==External links==
==External links==
* [http://www3.grips.ac.jp/~coslog/en/activity/01/05/ Historical Development of Japanese Local Governance]
* [http://www3.grips.ac.jp/~coslog/en/activity/01/05/ Historical Development of Japanese Local Governance] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130612230447/http://www3.grips.ac.jp/~coslog/en/activity/01/05/ |date=12 June 2013 }}


{{Original 15 wards of Tokyo}}
{{Original 15 wards of Tokyo}}
Line 332: Line 355:
[[Category:Populated places disestablished in 1943]]
[[Category:Populated places disestablished in 1943]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1889]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1889]]
[[Category:1943 disestablishments in Japan]]

[[et:Tōkyō]]

Latest revision as of 01:05, 13 November 2024

This article is about the historical municipality. For the present-day city, see Tokyo.

Tokyo City
東京市
City of Japan
1889–1943
Coat of arms of Tokyo
Coat of arms
Mitsukoshi in Nihonbashi

History 
• Established
1 May 1889
• Disestablished
1 July 1943
Political subdivisions35 wards
Preceded by		 Succeeded by
Edo
Special wards of Tokyo
Map of Tokyo City before the Great Kanto earthquake of 1923
Tokyo Prefectural Office and Tokyo City Hall
Administrative map of "Greater Tokyo" (大東京 Dai-Tōkyō), the merger of 82 municipalities into Tokyo City in 1932, and two smaller mergers in 1936

Tokyo City (東京市, Tōkyō-shi) was a municipality in Japan and capital of Tokyo Prefecture (or Tokyo-fu) which existed from 1 May 1889 until the establishment of Tokyo Metropolis on 1 July 1943.[1] The historical boundaries of Tokyo City are now occupied by the special wards of Tokyo. The defunct city and its prefecture became what is now Tokyo, also known as the Tokyo Metropolis or, ambiguously, Tokyo Prefecture.

History

[edit]
See also: History of Tokyo

In 1868, the city of Edo, seat of the Tokugawa government, was renamed Tokyo, and the offices of Tokyo Prefecture (-fu) were opened.[1] The extent of Tokyo Prefecture was initially limited to the former Edo city, but rapidly augmented to be comparable with the present Tokyo Metropolis. In 1878, the Meiji government's reorganization of local governments[a] subdivided prefectures into counties or districts (gun, further subdivided into towns and villages, later reorganized similar to Prussian districts) and districts or wards (ku) which were in ordinary prefectures cities as a whole, e.g. today's Hiroshima City (-shi) was then Hiroshima-ku; the three major cities of Tokyo, Osaka and Kyoto were each subdivided into several such wards. In Tokyo Prefecture, this created 15 wards (listed below) and six counties/districts.[2]

In 1888, the central government created the legal framework for the current system of cities (shi)[b] that granted some basic local autonomy rights – with some similarities to Prussia's system of local self-government as Meiji government advisor Albert Mosse heavily influenced the organization of local government.[3] But under a special imperial regulation,[c] Tokyo City, like Kyoto City and Osaka City, initially did not maintain a separate mayor; instead, the (appointed) governor of Tokyo Prefecture served as mayor of Tokyo City. The Tokyo city council/assembly (Tōkyō-shikai) was first elected in May 1889.[2] Each ward also retained its own assembly. City and prefectural government were separated in 1898.,[2] and the government began to appoint a separate mayor of Tokyo City in 1898, but retained ward-level legislation, which continues to this day in the special ward system. From 1926, the mayor was elected by the elected city council/assembly from its own ranks. The city hall of Tokyo was located in the Yūrakuchō district, on a site now occupied by the Tokyo International Forum.[4]

Tokyo became the second-largest city in the world (population 4.9 million) upon absorbing several outlying districts in July 1932, giving the city a total of 35 wards.[1]

In 1943, the city was abolished along with Tokyo Prefecture to form Tokyo Metropolis and Tokyo Metropolitan Government,[1] which was functionally a part of the central government of Japan: the governor of Tokyo became a Cabinet minister reporting directly to the Prime Minister. This system remained in place until 1947 when the current structure of the Tokyo Metropolitan Government was formed.[1]

Tokyo's administrative structure before 1943 (not different from Ōsaka, Kyōto)
  Tōkyō-fu ("Tokyo Prefecture")
  Tōkyō-shi ("Tokyo City") Other cities (shi) towns (machi) and villages (mura)
(until 1920s subordinate to counties/districts)
(island municipalities subordinate to subprefectures)
  Wards (ku)

Wards

[edit]
1889–1920
(15 wards) 		1920–1932
(15 wards) 		1932–1936
(35 wards) 		1936–1947
(35 wards) 		23 special wards
of Tokyo Metropolis
Kōjimachi Chiyoda
Kanda
Nihonbashi Chūō
Kyōbashi
Shiba Minato
Azabu
Akasaka
Yotsuya Yotsuya Shinjuku
Naito-Shinjuku-machi, Toyotama-gun
Ushigome
Yodobashi-machi, Toyotama-gun Yodobashi
Ōkubo-machi, Toyotama-gun
Totsuka-machi, Toyotama-gun
Ochiai-machi, Toyotama-gun
Koishikawa Bunkyō
Hongō
Shitaya Taitō
Asakusa
Honjo Sumida
Terashima-machi, Minami-Katsushika-gun Mukojima
Azuma-machi, Minami-Katsushika-gun
Sumida-machi, Minami-Katsushika-gun
Fukagawa Kōtō
Kameido-machi, Minami-Katsushika-gun Jōtō
Ōjima-machi, Minami-Katsushika-gun
Suna-machi, Minami-Katsushika-gun
Shinagawa-machi, Ebara-gun Shinagawa Shinagawa
Ōi-machi, Ebara-gun
Ōsaki-machi, Ebara-gun
Ebara-machi, Ebara-gun Ebara
Meguro-machi, Ebara-gun Meguro Meguro
Hibusuma-machi, Ebara-gun
Ōmori-machi, Ebara-gun Ōmori Ōta
Iriarai-machi, Ebara-gun
Magome-machi, Ebara-gun
Ikegami-machi, Ebara-gun
Higashi-Chōfu-machi, Ebara-gun
Kamata-machi, Ebara-gun Kamata
Yaguchi-machi, Ebara-gun
Rokugō-machi, Ebara-gun
Haneda-machi, Ebara-gun
Setagaya-machi, Ebara-gun Setagaya Setagaya Setagaya
Komazawa-machi, Ebara-gun
Matsuzawa-mura, Ebara-gun
Tamagawa-mura, Ebara-gun
Kinuta-mura, Kita-Tama-gun
Chitose-mura, Kita-Tama-gun
Shibuya-machi, Toyotama-gun Shibuya Shibuya
Sendagaya-machi, Toyotama-gun
Yoyohata-machi, Toyotama-gun
Nakano-machi, Toyotama-gun Nakano Nakano
Nogata-machi, Toyotama-gun
Suginami-machi, Toyotama-gun Suginami Suginami
Wadabori-machi, Toyotama-gun
Iogi-machi, Toyotama-gun
Takaido-machi, Toyotama-gun
Sugamo-machi, Kita-Toshima-gun Toshima Toshima
Nishi-Sugamo-machi, Kita-Toshima-gun
Nagasaki-machi, Kita-Toshima-gun
Takada-machi, Kita-Toshima-gun
Takinogawa-machi, Kita-Toshima-gun Takinogawa Kita
Ōji-machi, Kita-Toshima-gun Ōji
Iwabuchi-machi, Kita-Toshima-gun
Minami-Senju-machi, Kita-Toshima-gun Arakawa Arakawa
Mikawashima-machi, Kita-Toshima-gun
Nippori-machi, Kita-Toshima-gun
Ogu-machi, Kita-Toshima-gun
Itabashi-machi, Kita-Toshima-gun Itabashi Itabashi
Kami-Itabashi-mura, Kita-Toshima-gun
Shimura-mura, Kita-Toshima-gun
Akatsuka-mura, Kita-Toshima-gun
Nerima-machi, Kita-Toshima-gun Nerima
Kami-Nerima-mura, Kita-Toshima-gun
Nakaarai-mura, Kita-Toshima-gun
Shakujii-mura, Kita-Toshima-gun
Ōizumi-mura, Kita-Toshima-gun
Senju-machi, Minami-Adachi-gun Adachi Adachi
Umejima-machi, Minami-Adachi-gun
Nishiarai-machi, Minami-Adachi-gun
Kōhoku-mura, Minami-Adachi-gun
Toneri-mura, Minami-Adachi-gun
Ikō-mura, Minami-Adachi-gun
Fuchie-mura, Minami-Adachi-gun
Higashi-Fuchie-mura, Minami-Adachi-gun
Hanahata-mura, Minami-Adachi-gun
Ayase-mura, Minami-Adachi-gun
Honden-machi, Minami-Katsushika-gun Katsushika Katsushika
Okudo-machi, Minami-Katsushika-gun
Minami-Ayase-machi, Minami-Katsushika-gun
Kameao-mura, Minami-Katsushika-gun
Niijuku-machi, Minami-Katsushika-gun
Kanamachi-machi, Minami-Katsushika-gun
Mizumoto-mura, Minami-Katsushika-gun
Komatsugawa-machi, Minami-Katsushika-gun Edogawa Edogawa
Matsue-mura, Minami-Katsushika-gun
Mizue-mura, Minami-Katsushika-gun
Kasai-mura, Minami-Katsushika-gun
Shikamoto-mura, Minami-Katsushika-gun
Shinozaki-mura, Minami-Katsushika-gun
Koiwa-machi, Minami-Katsushika-gun

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ The 郡区町村編制法 [ja] gun-ku-chō-son hensei-hō, of 1878, the law on the organization of gun (counties/districts), ku (cities/districts/wards), towns and villages, one of the "three new laws" on local government of 1878 that also created prefectural taxation rights and prefectural assemblies (地方三新法, chihō san-shinpō, 地方三新法 [ja])
  2. ^ 市制, shi-sei 市制 [ja], the municipal code for cities of 1888. In the same year, the municipal code for towns on villages, the 町村制, chō-son-sei 町村制 [ja], was created. The county governments were reorganized in 1890 by the 郡制 [ja] (gun-sei )
  3. ^ 市制特例 [ja] shisei-tokureiof 1889

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e "東京都年表". Tokyo Metropolitan Government. Archived from the original on 29 February 2012.
  2. ^ a b c "東京のあゆみ" (PDF). Tokyo Metropolitan Government. p. 225. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 October 2013.
  3. ^ Akio Kamiko, Implementation of the City Law and the Town and Village Law (1881–1908) Archived 10 June 2015 at the Wayback Machine. Historical Development of Japanese Local Governance Archived 24 January 2022 at the Wayback Machine Vol. 2 (Note on translations: This work and others consistently use the translation "assembly" for the elected prefectural and municipal assemblies (today generally [shi/to/etc.]-gikai, but in the Empire sometimes only [shi/fu/etc.]-kai), and "council" for the partially or completely unelected prefectural, county and municipal sanjikai (参事会). But other works follow modern usage and translate the elected body of shikai (as it is still named in some major cities) as city "council", and use other translations such as "advisory council" for the sanjikai.)
  4. ^ "Map of Tokyo City, 1913". Archived from the original on 21 February 2009. Retrieved 12 November 2008.

Further reading

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  • Steiner, Kurt. (1965). Local Government in Japan
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