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{{Short description|International developer and operator of power generation and desalinated water production plants}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{Third-party|date=May 2019}}
{{Excessive citations|date=October 2023}}
{{Paid contributions|date=May 2019}}
}}
{{UDP|date=December 2017}}
{{Infobox company
{{Infobox company
| name = ACWA Power
| name = ACWA Power
Line 13: Line 10:
| location_country = Saudi Arabia
| location_country = Saudi Arabia
| products = Electric power<br />water
| products = Electric power<br />water
| key_people = {{ubl|Mohammad Abdullah Abunayyan <small>([[Chairman]])</small>|Paddy Padmanathan <small>(Chief Executive Officer and President)
| key_people = {{ubl|Mohammad Abdullah Abunayyan <small>([[Chairman]])</small>
</small>|Rajit Nanda <small>(Chief Investment Officer)
|[[Raad Al-Saady]] <small>(Vice Chairman and Managing Director)</small>|[[Marco Arcelli]] <small>(Chief Executive Officer)</small>}}
| num_employees = 4,000
</small>|Thamer Al Sharhan <small>([[Managing Director]])</small>}}
| num_employees = 3,000
| website = {{URL|http://acwapower.com/}}
| website = {{URL|http://acwapower.com/}}
}}
}}
'''ACWA Power''' is a developer, investor, co-owner and operator of a portfolio of power generation and desalinated water production plants with a presence in 13 countries across the Middle East, Africa, and central and southeast Asia. ACWA Power's portfolio of projects in operation and development has an investment value of USD 85.7 billion, and a capacity of 55.1 GW of power and 8 million m3/day of desalinated water.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Benny |first=John |date=2023-11-30 |title=Saudi Arabia's Acwa Power seeks development partners to invest in Africa projects |url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/business/energy/2023/11/30/saudi-arabias-acwa-power-seeks-development-partners-to-invest-in-africa-projects/ |access-date=2023-12-11 |website=The National |language=en}}</ref>


Its energy portfolio includes thermal power plants,<ref>{{Cite web |date=November 3, 2022 |title=Saudi ACWA Power's assets expected to reach $230bn by 2030: CEO |url=https://www.arabnews.com/node/2193036/business-economy |publisher=Arab News}}</ref> solar power plants (photovoltaic (PV) and concentrated solar power (CSP)),<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 22, 2014 |title=Saudi Arabia's ACWA Power shifts toward renewable energy |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-investment-mideast-acwa-power-idUSKCN0IB1Y420141022 |publisher=Reuters}}</ref> [[Wind power|wind]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 9, 2023 |title=ACWA Power installs first wind turbine in Uzbekistan |url=https://www.arabnews.com/node/2352166/business-economy |publisher=Arab News}}</ref> water desalination plants,<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 14, 2023 |title=Saudi Arabia's Acwa Power to develop $677.3 million desalination project on Red Sea coast |url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/business/energy/2023/04/14/saudi-arabias-acwa-power-to-develop-6773-million-desalination-project-on-red-sea-coast/ |publisher=The National}}</ref> and [[green hydrogen]] projects.<ref>{{Cite web |date=March 2, 2023 |title=Saudi Arabia's Acwa Power Eyes Three More Giant Hydrogen Plants |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-03-02/saudi-arabia-s-acwa-power-eyes-three-more-giant-hydrogen-plants |publisher=Bloomberg}}</ref><ref name="CompanyOverviewQuote"/>
'''ACWA Power''' is a developer, investor, co-owner and operator of a portfolio of power generation and desalinated water production plants currently with presence in 10 countries including in the Middle East and North Africa, Southern Africa and South East Asia regions. ACWA Power’s portfolio, with an investment value in excess of USD 33 billion, can generate more than 22 GW of power and produce 2.5 million m3/day of desalinated water to be delivered on a bulk basis to state utilities and industrial majors on long term off-take contracts under Public-Private-Partnership, Concession and Utility Services Outsourcing models (BOO/BOOT).

Its energy portfolio includes very efficient combined cycle power plants, solar ([[Photovoltaic power station|Photovoltaic]] PV) and [[Concentrated solar power|Concentrated Solar Power]] (CSP), [[Geothermal energy|geothermal]], [[Wind power|wind]], [[waste-to-energy]] (WtE) and [[coal pollution mitigation]].<ref name="BloombergCompanyOverviewOfACWAPowerInternational">{{cite web|title=Company Overview of ACWA Power International|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapid=51941637|publisher=Bloomberg L.P.|accessdate=3 March 2016}}</ref><ref name="SaudiArabiasACWAPowershiftstowardrenewableenergy">{{cite news|last1=Shamseddine|first1=Reem|title=Saudi Arabia's ACWA Power shifts toward renewable energy|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-investment-mideast-acwa-power-idUSKCN0IB1Y420141022|accessdate=3 March 2016|publisher=Reuters|date=22 October 2014}}</ref>


== Background ==
== Background ==
Headquartered in Saudi Arabia, ACWA Power maintains regional offices in Riyadh, Jeddah, Dubai, Baku, Beijing, Cairo, Addis Abbaba, Jakarta, Amman, Rabat, Muscat, Johannesburg, Istanbul, Tashkent, and Hanoi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Locations and Addresses |url=https://ar2022.acwapower.com/en/appendix/locations |website=ar2022.acwapower.com}}</ref> It invests in, develops, co-owns and operates a portfolio of 82 projects with the capacity to generate 55.1 GW of power and produce 8 million m3/day of desalinated water.<ref name=":0" /> ACWA Power and its subsidiary operating companies employ around 4,000 people in projects in 13 different countries.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 2023 |title=Financial Results Announcement and Conference Call For the six-month period ended 30 June 2023 |url=https://www.saudiexchange.sa/Resources/fsPdf/12317_2362_2023-08-09_21-22-55_en.pdf |publisher=ACWA Power}}</ref>
Headquartered in Saudi Arabia, ACWA Power maintains regional offices in [[Dubai]], [[Istanbul]], [[Cairo]], [[Rabat]], [[Johannesburg]], [[Hanoi]] and [[Beijing]].<ref name=ACWAPowerBusinessReport2014>{{cite web|title=ACWA Power Business Report 2014|url=http://acwapower.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/ACWA-Business-Report-2015-pages.pdf|website=ACWA Power|publisher=ACWA Power|accessdate=3 March 2016|page=38|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160327194829/http://acwapower.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/ACWA-Business-Report-2015-pages.pdf|archive-date=27 March 2016|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref name=DubaisDEWAProcuresTheWorldsCheapestSolarEnergyEver>{{cite web|last1=Moritz|first1=Borgmann|title=Dubai's DEWA procures the world's cheapest solar energy ever: Riyadh, start your photocopiers|url=http://www.apricum-group.com/dubais-dewa-procures-worlds-cheapest-solar-energy-ever-riyadh-start-photocopiers/|website=Apricum GmbH|accessdate=3 March 2016}}</ref> It invests in, develops, co-owns and operates a portfolio of 32 plants on three continents, with the capacity to generate 22.8GW of power and produce 2.5 million m3/day of desalinated water.<ref>{{cite news|title=ACWA Power to pump $ 12 bln in Egypt in 5 years|url=https://www.arabfinance.com/2015/pages/news/newsdetails.aspx?id=348229|accessdate=9 May 2016|work=ArabFinance|publisher=Arab Finance|date=9 April 2016|ref=ArabFinance_ACWAPowertopump12blninEgyptin5years}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=South Africa/Saudi trade ministers inaugurate ZAR5bn Bokpoort CSP project|url=http://www.ftseglobalmarkets.com/news/south-africa-saudi-trade-ministers-inaugurate-zar5bn-bokpoort-csp-project.html|accessdate=9 May 2016|work=FTSE Global Markets|publisher=Berlinguer|date=15 March 2016|ref=FTSEGlobalMarkets_SouthAfricaSauditradeministersinaugurateZAR5bnBokpoortCSPproject}}</ref><ref name=ACWAPowerBornSaudiGrowingGlobally /> ACWA Power and its subsidiary operating companies employ over 3,000 people in projects in 11 different countries.<ref name=ACWAPowerBusinessReport2014 />

As of 2014, 8% of ACWA Power's energy portfolio was in renewable energy. ACWA Power has expressed an intention to increase its investment in renewables:<ref>{{cite news|last1=Waheed|first1=Abbas|title=Saudi's ACWA bidding for over Dh18bn power projects|url=http://www.emirates247.com/business/energy/saudi-s-acwa-bidding-for-over-dh18bn-power-projects-2015-02-01-1.578863|accessdate=3 March 2016|publisher="Emirates24/7"|date=1 February 2015}}</ref> of the new bids and projects still in the financing stage announced in 2014 US$7.4 billion of US$15 billion were in renewable energy.<ref name=SaudiArabiasACWAPowershiftstowardrenewableenergy />


== Structure ==
== Structure ==
ACWA Power's board of directors is chaired by Mohammad Abdullah Abunayyan,<ref>{{cite web|title=ACWA Power re-appoints Mohammad Abunayyan as Chairman till 2025|url=https://www.arabnews.com/node/2005841/business-economy|publisher=Arab News|date=January 17, 2022}}</ref> with Raad Al Saady as its Vice Chairman and Managing Director,<ref>{{cite web|title=Who's Who: Raad Al-Saady, vice chairman and managing director of Saudi Arabia's ACWA Power|url=https://www.arabnews.com/node/2282046/saudi-arabia|publisher=Arab News|date=April 6, 2023}}</ref> and Marco Arcelli as its CEO.<ref>{{cite web|title=Saudi Arabia's Acwa Power appoints Marco Arcelli as CEO|url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/business/energy/2023/03/21/saudi-arabias-acwa-power-appoints-marco-arcelli-as-ceo/|publisher=The National|date=March 21, 2023}}</ref>
ACWA Power's board of directors is chaired by Mohammad Abdullah Abunayyan and Paddy Padmanathan serves as its CEO and President.<ref name=BloombergCompanyOverviewOfACWAPowerInternational />


== History ==
== History ==
In 2002, the Government of Saudi Arabia changed the regulations so that the private sector was permitted to own and operate utilities such as water and power plants.
In 2002, the Government of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia changed the regulations so that the private sector was permitted to own and operate utilities such as water and power plants.<ref name="MEEDathirstforchange">{{cite news|last1=McDowall|first1=Angus|title=A thirst for change|url=https://www.meed.com/sectors/power-and-water/a-thirst-for-change/1766123.article|accessdate=15 March 2016|work=MEED|publisher=EMAP Publishing Limited|date=25 January 2002}}</ref><ref name="MEED_SWCCrefinesitsoptions">{{cite news|title=SWCC refines its options|url=http://www.meed.com/sectors/power-and-water/swcc-refines-its-options/1765650.fullarticle|accessdate=15 March 2016|work=MEED|publisher=EMAP Publishing Limited|date=8 March 2002}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Gradual and continuous change|url=http://www.meed.com/gradual-and-continuous-change/1765515.article|accessdate=15 March 2016|work=MEED|publisher=EMAP Publishing Limited|date=22 March 2002|ref=MEED_Gradualandcontinuouschange}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Desalination plants to be privatized |newspaper=Saudi Gazette |date=12 June 2002 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=<!-- P.K. Abdul Ghafour --> |title=SEC endorses privatization strategy |newspaper=Arab News |location=Jeddah |date=17 June 2002 }}</ref>
The company was originally founded in 2004 as ACWA Power Projects, a joint venture between ACWA Holding (representing the [[Abunayyan Holding]] Company and [[Al-Muhaidib]], today known as Vision International Investment Company) and the MADA Group for Industrial and Commercial Development (today known as Al Rajhi Group Holding) to take advantage of these new private sector investment and operation opportunities in the Saudi Arabian market. The company was reorganised in 2006 in its current legal form as ACWA Power Company.<ref name="ACWAPowerBornSaudiGrowingGlobally">{{Cite news |date=8 January 2015 |title=ACWA Power: Born Saudi, growing globally |publisher=The European |url=http://www.the-european.eu/story-9011/acwa-power-born-saudi-growing-globally.html |access-date=3 March 2016}}</ref>
From 2004 to 2011, ACWA Power focused primarily on Saudi Arabia, and was awarded contracts for several thermal power projects – including the Shuaibah IWPP, Shuqaiq 2 IWPP, Rabigh IPP and Marafiq IPP.<ref>{{Cite news |date=11 November 2006 |title=A consortium of ACWA Power Projects, Gulf Investment Corporation and Mitsubishi Corporation selected preferred bidder for Shuqaiq power and water project |work=Al Bawaba |publisher=Al Bawaba (Middle East) Ltd. |url=http://www.albawaba.com/news/consortium-acwa-power-projects-gulf-investment-corporation-and-mitsubishi-corporation-selected- |access-date=17 March 2016 |ref=AlBawabaAconsortiumofACWAPowerProjects}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Haitham |first=Haddadin |date=11 November 2006 |title=Mitsubishi, GIC and ACWA selected for Saudi project |work=Reuters UK |publisher=Thomson Reuters |url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/utilities-saudi-project-idUKL1185099720061111 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160629204001/http://uk.reuters.com/article/utilities-saudi-project-idUKL1185099720061111 |url-status=dead |archive-date=June 29, 2016 |access-date=17 March 2016 |ref=Mitsubishi_GIC_ACWAselectedforSaudiproject}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Staff Report |date=1 March 2007 |title=Consortium signs deals for Saudi power plant |work=Gulf News |publisher=Al Nisr Publishing LLC 2016 |url=http://gulfnews.com/business/sectors/general/consortium-signs-deals-for-saudi-power-plant-1.164805 |access-date=17 March 2016 |ref=GulfNews_ConsortiumsignsdealsforSaudipowerplant}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2 March 2007 |title=Key Shuqaiq agreements signed |work=MEED |publisher=EMAP Publishing Limited |url=http://www.meed.com/sectors/power/key-shuqaiq-agreements-signed/232860.article |access-date=17 March 2016 |ref=MEED_KeyShuqaiqagreementssigned}}</ref> The company began international expansion in 2011 with the acquisition of Central Electricity Generating Company (CEGCO) in Jordan, and the signature of a joint development agreement for the Kirikkale Combined Cycle Gas Turbine project in Turkey, which subsequently won backing from the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD).<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sambidge |first=Andy |date=4 June 2011 |title=Saudi firm buys stake in Jordan's largest power generator |work=Arabian Business |publisher=Arabian Business Publishing Ltd. |url=http://www.arabianbusiness.com/saudi-firm-buys-stake-in-jordan-s-largest-power-generator-403471.html#.VuquVOJ95qM |access-date=17 March 2016 |ref=ArabianBusiness_SaudifirmbuysstakeinJordanslargestpowergenerator}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Davids |first=Gavin |date=5 June 2011 |title=ACWA Power acquires $144m stake in Jordan's CEGCO |work=ConstructionWeekOnline.com |publisher=ITP Business Publishing Ltd |url=http://www.constructionweekonline.com/article-12659-acwa-power-acquires-144m-stake-in-jordans-cegco/ |access-date=17 March 2016 |ref=ConstructionWeekOnline_ACWAPoweracquiresstakeinJordansCEGCO}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=22 August 2011 |title=Saudi's Acwa buys key stake in Jordan firm |work=Trade Arabia |url=http://www.tradearabia.com/news/OGN_203830.html |access-date=17 March 2016 |ref=TradeArabia_SaudisAcwabuyskeystakeinJordanfirm}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Rosca |first=Olga |title=ACWA Power's US$ 1 billion power plant in Turkey wins EBRD support |url=http://www.ebrd.com/news/2014/acwa-powers-us-1-billion-power-plant-in-turkey-wins-ebrd-support-.html |access-date=17 March 2016 |website=The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) |ref=EBRD_ACWAPower1billionpowerplantinTurkeywinsEBRDsupport}}</ref> The company has since expanded to presently 13 countries covering the Middle East, Africa, Central Asia and Asia.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-11 |title=Saudi Arabia's ACWA Power Co. |url=https://thegulfentrepreneur.com/saudi-arabias-acwa-power-co/ |access-date=2024-06-13 |language=en-US}}</ref>


The Public Investment Fund, the sovereign wealth fund of Saudi Arabia, acquired a 15% stake in ACWA Power in 2018, and has since increased that to the current 44% shareholder.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-11-20 |title=Saudi fund raises ownership stake in ACWA Power to 50% |url=https://arab.news/nheft |access-date=2020-11-20 |website=Arab News |language=en}}</ref>
The company was founded in its current form in 2008 and succeeded ACWA Power Projects, a joint venture between ACWA Holding (representing the [[Abunayyan Holding]] Company and [[Al-Muhaidib]]) and the MADA Group for Industrial and Commercial Development founded in 2004 to take advantage of these new private sector investment and operation opportunities in the Saudi Arabian market.<ref name=ACWAPowerBornSaudiGrowingGlobally>{{cite news|title=ACWA Power: Born Saudi, growing globally|url=http://www.the-european.eu/story-9011/acwa-power-born-saudi-growing-globally.html|accessdate=3 March 2016|publisher=The European|date=8 January 2015}}</ref>
[[File:20160226 110259 Northern Cape Premier&Apprentices.jpg|thumb|Northern Cape Premier Mrs Sylvia Lucas visits Bokpoort CSP apprentices to get feedback on Apprenticeship Program]]


=== Sakaka IPP, Saudi Arabia ===
From 2004 to 2011, ACWA Power focused primarily on Saudi Arabia, and was awarded contracts for the [[Shuqaiq 2 IWPP|Shuqaiq]] and Marafiq Integrated water and power plants.<ref>{{cite news|title=A consortium of ACWA Power Projects, Gulf Investment Corporation and Mitsubishi Corporation selected preferred bidder for Shuqaiq power and water project|url=http://www.albawaba.com/news/consortium-acwa-power-projects-gulf-investment-corporation-and-mitsubishi-corporation-selected-|accessdate=17 March 2016|work=Al Bawaba|publisher=Al Bawaba (Middle East) Ltd.|date=11 November 2006|ref=AlBawabaAconsortiumofACWAPowerProjects}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Haitham|first1=Haddadin|title=Mitsubishi, GIC and ACWA selected for Saudi project|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/utilities-saudi-project-idUKL1185099720061111|accessdate=17 March 2016|work=Reuters UK|publisher=Thomson Reuters|date=11 November 2006|ref=Mitsubishi_GIC_ACWAselectedforSaudiproject}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Report|first1=Staff|title=Consortium signs deals for Saudi power plant|url=http://gulfnews.com/business/sectors/general/consortium-signs-deals-for-saudi-power-plant-1.164805|accessdate=17 March 2016|work=Gulf News|publisher=Al Nisr Publishing LLC 2016|date=1 March 2007|ref=GulfNews_ConsortiumsignsdealsforSaudipowerplant}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Key Shuqaiq agreements signed|url=http://www.meed.com/sectors/power/key-shuqaiq-agreements-signed/232860.article|accessdate=17 March 2016|work=MEED|publisher=EMAP Publishing Limited|date=2 March 2007|ref=MEED_KeyShuqaiqagreementssigned}}</ref> The company began its current phase of international expansion in 2011 with the acquisition of Central Electricity Generating Company (CEGCO) Jordan<ref>{{cite news|last1=Sambidge|first1=Andy|title=Saudi firm buys stake in Jordan's largest power generator|url=http://www.arabianbusiness.com/saudi-firm-buys-stake-in-jordan-s-largest-power-generator-403471.html#.VuquVOJ95qM|accessdate=17 March 2016|work=Arabian Business|publisher=Arabian Business Publishing Ltd.|date=4 June 2011|ref=ArabianBusiness_SaudifirmbuysstakeinJordanslargestpowergenerator}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Davids|first1=Gavin|title=ACWA Power acquires $144m stake in Jordan's CEGCO|url=http://www.constructionweekonline.com/article-12659-acwa-power-acquires-144m-stake-in-jordans-cegco/|accessdate=17 March 2016|work=ConstructionWeekOnline.com|publisher=ITP Business Publishing Ltd|date=5 June 2011|ref=ConstructionWeekOnline_ACWAPoweracquiresstakeinJordansCEGCO}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Saudi's Acwa buys key stake in Jordan firm|url=http://www.tradearabia.com/news/OGN_203830.html|accessdate=17 March 2016|work=Trade Arabia|date=22 August 2011|ref=TradeArabia_SaudisAcwabuyskeystakeinJordanfirm}}</ref> and the signature of a joint development agreement for the Kirikkale Combined Cycle Gas Turbine project in Turkey, which subsequently won backing from the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD).<ref>{{cite web|last1=Rosca|first1=Olga|title=ACWA Power's US$ 1 billion power plant in Turkey wins EBRD support|url=http://www.ebrd.com/news/2014/acwa-powers-us-1-billion-power-plant-in-turkey-wins-ebrd-support-.html|website=The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)|publisher=The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)|accessdate=17 March 2016|ref=EBRD_ACWAPower1billionpowerplantinTurkeywinsEBRDsupport}}</ref> The company has since expanded throughout the world, although its core holdings remain the MENA region.
*ACWA Power developed Saudi Arabia’s first major solar project, located in the north of the Kingdom.<ref name="meed.com">{{Cite web |last=ROSCOE |first=ANDREW |date=2018-02-07 |title=Acwa Power awarded Saudi Arabia's first major solar project |url=https://www.meed.com/acwa-power-awarded-saudi-arabias-first-major-solar-project/ |website=www.meed.com}}</ref>

*The contract for the 300MW Sakaka IPP was awarded in February 2018 with a 25-year power purchase agreement at a then world record low tariff of $0.0234 per kilowatt hour.<ref name="meed.com"/><ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-02-06 |title=Saudi Arabia awards ACWA Power its first 300 MW solar PV project |url=https://english.alarabiya.net/business/energy/2018/02/06/Saudi-Arabia-awards-ACWA-Power-its-first-300-MW-solar-PV-project |website=Al Arabiya}}</ref>
== Notable projects and contracts ==


=== Bokpoort Independent Power Project, South Africa ===
=== Bokpoort Independent Power Project, South Africa ===
* The [[Bokpoort CSP]] project, a [[concentrated solar power]] plant, was inaugurated in March 2016, after operations started in December 2015.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Asaba|first1=Baset|title=ACWA power inaugurates first CSP in South Africa|url=http://www.arabianindustry.com/utilities/news/2016/mar/15/acwa-power-inaugurates-first-csp-in-south-africa-5323318/|accessdate=9 May 2016|work=ArabianIndustry.com|publisher=ITP Publishing Ltd|date=15 March 2016|ref=ArabianIndustry_ACWApowerinauguratesfirstCSPinSouthAfrica}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=CSP plant illuminates Bokpoort community at official inauguration|url=http://www.esi-africa.com/news/csp-plant-illuminates-bokpoort-community-at-official-inauguration/|accessdate=9 May 2016|work=ESI-Africa.com|publisher=ESIAfrica_CSPplantilluminatesBokpoortcommunityatofficialinauguration|date=15 March 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=ACWA's Solar power project in South Africa inaugurated|url=http://www.tradearabia.com/news/OGN_302884.html|accessdate=9 May 2016|work=tradearabia.com|date=15 March 2016|ref=TradeArabia_ACWAsSolarpowerprojectinSouthAfricainaugurated}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Moyo|first1=Admire|title=SA lights up R5bn solar plant|url=http://www.itweb.co.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=150816|accessdate=9 May 2016|work=ITWeb|publisher=ITWeb Limited|date=16 March 2016|ref=ITWeb_SAlightsupR5bnsolarplant}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=R5 Billion Solar Plant Opens in Northern Cape|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201603151180.html|accessdate=9 May 2016|work=allAfrica.com|publisher=SAnews|date=15 March 2016|ref=allAfrica_R5BillionSolarPlantOpensinNorthernCape}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Dludla|first1=Nqobile|title=South Africa turns on Saudi-built solar to cut coal reliance|url=https://af.reuters.com/article/investingNews/idAFKCN0WG1FT|accessdate=9 May 2016|work=Reuters|publisher=Thomson Reuters|date=14 March 2016|ref=Reuters_SouthAfricaturnsonSaudibuiltsolartocutcoalreliance}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=South Africa turns on Saudi-built solar to cut coal reliance|url=http://gulfnews.com/business/economy/saudi-central-bank-chief-vows-to-keep-dollar-peg-1.1690241|accessdate=9 May 2016|work=GulfNews|publisher=Al Nisr Publishing LLC|date=14 March 2016|ref=GulfNews_SouthAfricaturnsonSaudibuiltsolartocutcoalreliance}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Bernardo|first1=Carla|title=SA, Saudi Arabia launch R5bn solar plant {{!}} IOL|url=http://www.iol.co.za/business/news/sa-saudi-arabia-launch-r5bn-solar-plant-1997529|accessdate=9 May 2016|work=IOL|date=14 March 2016|ref=IOL_SASaudiArabialaunchR5bnsolarplant}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Saudi firm to invest R35bn in South African energy projects|url=http://www.bdlive.co.za/business/energy/2016/03/15/saudi-firm-to-invest-r35bn-in-south-african-energy-projects|accessdate=9 May 2016|work=Business Day Live|date=15 March 2016|ref=BusinessDay_SaudifirmtoinvestR35bninSouthAfricanenergyprojects}}</ref>
*The Bokpoort IPP project, a 50 MW concentrated solar power plant with 9.3 hours thermal storage, was ACWA Power’s first project using CSP technology, and first project in South Africa. Bokpoort IPP commenced commercial operations in December 2015.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Asaba |first=Baset |date=15 March 2016 |title=ACWA power inaugurates first CSP in South Africa |work=ArabianIndustry.com |publisher=ITP Publishing Ltd |url=http://www.arabianindustry.com/utilities/news/2016/mar/15/acwa-power-inaugurates-first-csp-in-south-africa-5323318/ |access-date=9 May 2016 |ref=ArabianIndustry_ACWApowerinauguratesfirstCSPinSouthAfrica}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=15 March 2016 |title=CSP plant illuminates Bokpoort community at official inauguration |work=ESI-Africa.com |publisher=ESIAfrica_CSPplantilluminatesBokpoortcommunityatofficialinauguration |url=http://www.esi-africa.com/news/csp-plant-illuminates-bokpoort-community-at-official-inauguration/ |access-date=9 May 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=15 March 2016 |title=ACWA's Solar power project in South Africa inaugurated |work=tradearabia.com |url=http://www.tradearabia.com/news/OGN_302884.html |access-date=9 May 2016 |ref=TradeArabia_ACWAsSolarpowerprojectinSouthAfricainaugurated}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Moyo |first=Admire |date=16 March 2016 |title=SA lights up R5bn solar plant |work=ITWeb |publisher=ITWeb Limited |url=http://www.itweb.co.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=150816 |access-date=9 May 2016 |ref=ITWeb_SAlightsupR5bnsolarplant}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=15 March 2016 |title=R5 Billion Solar Plant Opens in Northern Cape |work=allAfrica.com |publisher=SAnews |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201603151180.html |access-date=9 May 2016 |ref=allAfrica_R5BillionSolarPlantOpensinNorthernCape}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Dludla |first=Nqobile |date=14 March 2016 |title=South Africa turns on Saudi-built solar to cut coal reliance |work=Reuters |publisher=Thomson Reuters |url=https://af.reuters.com/article/investingNews/idAFKCN0WG1FT |url-status=dead |access-date=9 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160316034949/http://af.reuters.com/article/investingNews/idAFKCN0WG1FT |archive-date=16 March 2016 |ref=Reuters_SouthAfricaturnsonSaudibuiltsolartocutcoalreliance}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=14 March 2016 |title=South Africa turns on Saudi-built solar to cut coal reliance |work=GulfNews |publisher=Al Nisr Publishing LLC |url=http://gulfnews.com/business/economy/saudi-central-bank-chief-vows-to-keep-dollar-peg-1.1690241 |access-date=9 May 2016 |ref=GulfNews_SouthAfricaturnsonSaudibuiltsolartocutcoalreliance}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Bernardo |first=Carla |date=14 March 2016 |title=SA, Saudi Arabia launch R5bn solar plant {{!}} IOL |work=IOL |url=http://www.iol.co.za/business/news/sa-saudi-arabia-launch-r5bn-solar-plant-1997529 |access-date=9 May 2016 |ref=IOL_SASaudiArabialaunchR5bnsolarplant}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=15 March 2016 |title=Saudi firm to invest R35bn in South African energy projects |work=Business Day Live |url=http://www.bdlive.co.za/business/energy/2016/03/15/saudi-firm-to-invest-r35bn-in-south-african-energy-projects |access-date=9 May 2016 |ref=BusinessDay_SaudifirmtoinvestR35bninSouthAfricanenergyprojects}}</ref>
* In April 2016 the Bokpoort CSP plant set a new African record for the continuous, round the clock supply of electricity by generating power for a continuous period of 161 hours.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Allan|first1=Phil|title=Solar plant sets record for round the clock power supply|url=https://www.energyvoice.com/otherenergy/107694/solar-plants-sets-record-round-clock-power-supply/|accessdate=9 May 2016|work=EnergyVoice.com|publisher=Energy Voice|date=26 April 2016|ref=EnergyVoice_Solarplantsetsrecordforroundtheclockpowersupply}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=South African solar power plant sets record for continuous, round the clock electricity supply|url=http://www.pennenergy.com/articles/pennenergy/2016/04/south-african-solar-power-plant-sets-record-for-continuous-round-the-clock-electricity-supply.html|accessdate=9 May 2016|work=pennenergy.com|publisher=PennWell Corporation|date=26 April 2016|ref=PennEnergy_SouthAfricansolarpowerplantsetsrecordforcontinuousroundtheclockelectricitysupply}}</ref>


=== Noor I, II, III, Ouarzazate, Morocco ===
=== Noor I, II, III, IV Ouarzazate, Morocco ===
The [[Ouarzazate Solar Power Station|Noor solar complex]] with 510 MW solar CSP and 135 MW solar PV capacity near Ouarzazate, Morocco, was the largest CSP complex in the world in 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nicki Shields and James Masters |date=6 February 2019 |title=Morocco in the fast lane with world's largest concentrated solar farm |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2019/02/06/motorsport/morocco-solar-farm-formula-e-spt-intl/index.html |access-date=2021-04-24 |website=CNN}}</ref>
* In 2012, a consortium led by ACWA Power won a €634m euro contract to build a 160 MW Concentrated Solar Power plant near [[Ouarzazate]], [[Morocco]] – called Noor I.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Lane|first1=Adam|title=Morocco starts construction of Noor 1 solar plant|url=http://www.utilities-me.com/article-2399-morocco-starts-construction-of-noor-1-solar-plant/|accessdate=1 May 2016|work=www.utilities-me.com|publisher=ITP Business Publishing Ltd|date=14 May 2013|ref=UtilitiesME_MoroccostartsconstructionofNoor1solarplant}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Morocco starts production at 160 MW solar plant|url=https://af.reuters.com/article/commoditiesNews/idAFL8N15J4PR|accessdate=1 May 2016|work=Reuters|publisher=Thomson Reuters|date=4 February 2016|ref=Reuters_Moroccostartsproductionat160MWsolarplant}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Aziz|first1=El Yaakoubi|title=Morocco to tender for 2 solar plants totalling 300 MW|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/morocco-energy-plants-idUSL6N0G15G420130801|accessdate=1 May 2016|work=Reuters|publisher=Thomson Reuters|date=1 August 2013|ref=Reuters_Moroccototenderfor2solarplantstotalling300MW}}</ref>. The cost of the project when it began operations was $3.9 billion<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/feb/04/morocco-to-switch-on-first-phase-of-worlds-largest-solar-plant</ref>. The electricity was to be sold at $0.19 /kWh.<ref>{{Cite web | title= Morocco starts production at 160 MW solar plant - Agricultural Commodities -Reuters | website= af.reuters.com | url= https://af.reuters.com/article/commoditiesNews/idAFL8N15J4PR | access-date= 2016-02-08}}</ref>
* In 2015, ACWA Power was awarded a €1.7 billion contract for two further solar power projects, Noor II and Noor III, in Morocco.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Graves |first=LeAnne |date=13 January 2015 |title=Acwa wins €1.7bn Moroccan solar power deals |work=The National |url=http://www.thenational.ae/business/energy/acwa-wins-17bn-moroccan-solar-power-deals |access-date=1 May 2016 |ref=National_Acwawins1_7bnMoroccansolarpowerdeals}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Roca |first=Marc |date=12 January 2015 |title=Morocco Awards Largest Solar Thermal Power Plants to ACWA, Sener |work=Bloomberg.com |publisher=Bloomberg |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-01-12/morocco-awards-largest-solar-thermal-power-plants-to-acwa-sener |access-date=1 May 2016 |ref=Bloomberg_MoroccoAwardsLargestSolarThermalPowerPlantstoACWA}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=10 January 2015 |title=Saudi's ACWA Power wins $2bn Morocco solar power deal |work=Arabian Business |publisher=Arabian Business Publishing Ltd |url=http://www.arabianbusiness.com/saudi-s-acwa-power-wins-2bn-morocco-solar-power-deal-577989.html#.VyZrUvl97Dc |access-date=1 May 2016 |ref=ArabianBusiness_SaudisACWAPowerwins2bnMoroccosolarpowerdeal}}</ref>
* Noor I was inaugurated in February 2016 and has a generation capacity of 160 MW of electricity. Noor 2 and Noor 3 have a generation capacity of 200 MW and 150 MW respectively. Whereas Noor 1 and 2 both used parabolic CSP technology, Noor 3 was ACWA Power’s first project to utilize tower technology.<ref name="Reuters_Moroccostartsproductionat160MWsolarplant">{{Cite news |last=El Yaakoubi |first=Aziz |date=4 February 2016 |title=Morocco starts production at 160 MW solar plant{{!}} Agricultural Commodities |work=Reuters |publisher=Thomson Reuters |url=https://af.reuters.com/article/commoditiesNews/idAFL8N15J4PR |url-status=dead |access-date=8 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160629192327/http://af.reuters.com/article/commoditiesNews/idAFL8N15J4PR |archive-date=29 June 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=5 February 2016 |title=Morocco launches first solar power plant |work=Al Arabiya |publisher=Al Arabiya |url=http://english.alarabiya.net/en/business/energy/2016/02/05/Morocco-launches-first-solar-power-plant.html |access-date=1 May 2016 |ref=AlArabiya_Moroccolaunchesfirstsolarpowerplant}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=4 February 2016 |title=Ceremony in Morocco marks progress on 500MW solar park |work=The National |publisher=The National |url=http://www.thenational.ae/business/energy/ceremony-in-morocco-marks-progress-on-500mw-solar-park |access-date=1 May 2016 |ref=TheNational_CeremonyinMoroccomarksprogresson500MWsolarpark}}</ref>
* Noor PV1 IPP also located in the Ourzazate Solar complex consists of three photovoltaic plants with a capacity of 135 MW. Noor PV1 has been operational since 2019.<ref>Louis Boisgibault, Fahad Al Kabbani (2020): [http://www.iste.co.uk/book.php?id=1591 ''Energy Transition in Metropolises, Rural Areas and Deserts'']. [[Wiley - ISTE]]. (Energy series) {{ISBN|9781786304995}}.</ref>


=== Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid al-Maktoum Solar Park, Dubai ===
* In October 2013, a consortium led by Spain's [[Abengoa]], [[Engie Energy International]] (formerly International Power) and ACWA Power had been pre-selected for the 200MW Noor II and the 150MW Noor III tender.<ref>{{cite news|last1=El Yaakoubi|first1=Aziz|title=Morocco gets 654 mln euro German loan for solar plants|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/morocco-energy-solar-idUSL5N0IK2XW20131030|accessdate=1 May 2016|work=Reuters|publisher=Thomson Reuters|date=30 October 2013|ref=Reuters_Moroccogets654mneuroGermanloanforsolarplants}}</ref>
* In January 2015 a consortium of ACWA Power and Spain's TSK were selected by Dubai Electricity and Water Authority (DEWA) as the preferred bidder to build the $327 million phase 2 project of the Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid al-Maktoum Solar Park in the emirate.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Graves |first=LeAnne |date=3 December 2014 |title=Saudi firm outbids rivals for second phase of Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum solar park |work=The National |publisher=Abu Dhabi Media |url=http://www.thenational.ae/business/energy/saudi-firm-outbids-rivals-for-second-phase-of-mohammed-bin-rashid-al-maktoum-solar-park |access-date=8 May 2016 |ref=National_SaudifirmoutbidsrivalsforsecondphaseofMohammedbinRashidAlMaktoumsolarpark}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Narayanan |first1=Archana |last2=French |first2=David |date=15 January 2015 |title=Dubai utility DEWA names preferred bidder for upsized solar plant |work=Reuters |publisher=Thomson Reuters |url=https://af.reuters.com/article/energyOilNews/idAFL6N0UU0WL20150115 |url-status=dead |access-date=2 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160629192534/http://af.reuters.com/article/energyOilNews/idAFL6N0UU0WL20150115 |archive-date=29 June 2016 |ref=Reuters_DubaiutilityDEWAnamespreferredbidderforupsizedsolarplant}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Narayanan |first=Archana |date=15 January 2015 |title=Saudi's ACWA Power, Spain's TSK to build $327 mln Dubai solar plant |work=Reuters |publisher=Thomson Reuters |url=https://af.reuters.com/article/energyOilNews/idAFL6N0UU1FG20150115 |url-status=dead |access-date=8 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150710214003/http://af.reuters.com/article/energyOilNews/idAFL6N0UU1FG20150115 |archive-date=10 July 2015 |ref=Reuters_SaudisACWAPowerSpainsTSKtobuild327mlnDubaisolarplant}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Graves |first=LeAnne |date=15 January 2015 |title=Tender for second phase of Mohammed bin Rashid Solar Park in Dubai won by Saudi consortium |work=The National |publisher=Abu Dhabi Media |url=http://www.thenational.ae/business/energy/tender-for-second-phase-of-mohammed-bin-rashid-solar-park-in-dubai-won-by-saudi-consortium |access-date=8 May 2016 |ref=National_TenderforsecondphaseofMohammedbinRashidSolarParkinDubaiwonbySaudiconsortium}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Abbas |first=Waheed |date=15 January 2015 |title=Dewa awards Dh1.2bn solar plant contract |language=en-GB |work=Emirates 247 |publisher=Dubai Media Incorporated |url=http://www.emirates247.com/business/corporate/dewa-awards-dh1-2bn-solar-plant-contract-2015-01-15-1.576752 |access-date=8 May 2016 |ref=Emirates247_DewaawardsDh1_2bnsolarplantcontract}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Graves |first=LeAnne |date=18 January 2015 |title=UAE beats renewables cost hurdle with world's cheapest price for solar energy {{!}} The National |work=The National |publisher=Abu Dhabi Media |url=http://www.thenational.ae/business/energy/uae-beats-renewables-cost-hurdle-with-worlds-cheapest-price-for-solar-energy |access-date=8 May 2016 |ref=National_UAEbeatsrenewablescosthurdlewithworldscheapestpriceforsolarenergy}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=DiPaola |first=Anthony |date=15 January 2015 |title=Dubai Doubling Size of Power Plant to Make Cheapest Solar Energy |work=Bloomberg.com |publisher=Bloomberg |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-01-15/acwa-power-wins-contract-to-build-dubai-solar-plant-acwa-ceo |access-date=8 May 2016 |ref=Bloomberg_DubaiDoublingSizeofPowerPlanttoMakeCheapestSolarEnergy}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=15 January 2015 |title=DEWA selects Saudi ACWA and Spain's TSK for the project with the world's lowest LCOE |work=Al Bawaba |publisher=Al Bawaba |url=http://www.albawaba.com/business/pr/dewa-saudi-acwa-644798 |access-date=8 May 2016 |ref=AlBawaba_DEWAselectsSaudiACWAandSpainsTSKfortheprojectwiththeworldslowestLCOE}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Todorova |first=Vesela |date=15 January 2015 |title=Planned Dubai solar power park to double output to 200 megawatts |work=The National |publisher=Abu Dhabi Media |url=http://www.thenational.ae/uae/planned-dubai-solar-power-park-to-double-output-to-200-megawatts |access-date=8 May 2016 |ref=National_PlannedDubaisolarpowerparktodoubleoutputto200megawatts}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=15 January 2015 |title=Dubai doubles capacity of mega Solar Park |work=GulfNews |publisher=Al Nisr Publishing LLC |url=http://gulfnews.com/news/uae/environment/dubai-doubles-capacity-of-mega-solar-park-1.1441860 |access-date=8 May 2016 |ref=GulfNews_DubaidoublescapacityofmegaSolarPark}}</ref>
* In 2015, ACWA Power were awarded a €1.7 billion contract for two further solar power projects, Noor II and Noor III, in Morocco.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Graves|first1=LeAnne|title=Acwa wins €1.7bn Moroccan solar power deals|url=http://www.thenational.ae/business/energy/acwa-wins-17bn-moroccan-solar-power-deals|accessdate=1 May 2016|work=The National|date=13 January 2015|ref=National_Acwawins1_7bnMoroccansolarpowerdeals}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Roca|first1=Marc|title=Morocco Awards Largest Solar Thermal Power Plants to ACWA, Sener|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-01-12/morocco-awards-largest-solar-thermal-power-plants-to-acwa-sener|accessdate=1 May 2016|work=Bloomberg.com|publisher=Bloomberg|date=12 January 2015|ref=Bloomberg_MoroccoAwardsLargestSolarThermalPowerPlantstoACWA}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Saudi's ACWA Power wins $2bn Morocco solar power deal|url=http://www.arabianbusiness.com/saudi-s-acwa-power-wins-2bn-morocco-solar-power-deal-577989.html#.VyZrUvl97Dc|accessdate=1 May 2016|work=Arabian Business|publisher=Arabian Business Publishing Ltd|date=10 January 2015|ref=ArabianBusiness_SaudisACWAPowerwins2bnMoroccosolarpowerdeal}}</ref>
* In March 2015, ACWA Power secured a $344 million loan to finance the project.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1 March 2015 |title=Acwa Power gets $344 million loan for Dubai solar project |work=The National |publisher=Abu Dhabi Media |url=http://www.thenational.ae/business/energy/acwa-power-gets-344-million-loan-for-dubai-solar-project |access-date=8 May 2016 |ref=National_AcwaPowergets344millionloanforDubaisolarproject}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Carvalho |first=Stanley |date=1 March 2015 |title=Saudi's ACWA Power gets $344 mln loan for Dubai solar project |work=Reuters |publisher=Thomson Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/acwa-power-loans-idUSL5N0W304420150301 |access-date=8 May 2016 |ref=Reuters_SaudisACWAPowergets344mlnloanforDubaisolarproject}}</ref>
* Noor I was inaugurated in February 2016 and will generate 160 MW of electricity. The second two phases currently under construction will generate a further 580 MW.<ref name="Reuters_Moroccostartsproductionat160MWsolarplant">{{cite news|last1=El Yaakoubi|first1=Aziz|title=Morocco starts production at 160 MW solar plant{{!}} Agricultural Commodities{{!}} Reuters|url=https://af.reuters.com/article/commoditiesNews/idAFL8N15J4PR|accessdate=8 May 2016|work=Reuters|publisher=Thomson Reuters|date=4 February 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Morocco launches first solar power plant|url=http://english.alarabiya.net/en/business/energy/2016/02/05/Morocco-launches-first-solar-power-plant.html|accessdate=1 May 2016|work=Al Arabiya|publisher=Al Arabiya|date=5 February 2016|ref=AlArabiya_Moroccolaunchesfirstsolarpowerplant}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Ceremony in Morocco marks progress on 500MW solar park|url=http://www.thenational.ae/business/energy/ceremony-in-morocco-marks-progress-on-500mw-solar-park|accessdate=1 May 2016|work=The National|publisher=The National|date=4 February 2016|ref=TheNational_CeremonyinMoroccomarksprogresson500MWsolarpark}}</ref>
* The Dubai Electricity and Water Authority (DEWA) signed a Power Purchase Agreement and a Shareholder Agreement with ACWA Power in March 2015 for the 200MW expansion.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pieri |first=Alexander |date=29 March 2015 |title=DEWA partners with ACWA Power for 200MW PV plant |work=Construction Week |publisher=ITP Digital Ltd |url=http://alpha.constructionweekonline.com/article-33092-dewa-partners-with-acwa-power-for-200mw-pv-plant/#.Vy9HwIR94_5 |access-date=8 May 2016 |ref=ConstructionWeek_DEWApartnerswithACWAPowerfor200MWPVplant}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=26 March 2015 |title=DEWA signs agreements for second-phase 200MW PV plant at Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum Solar Park |work=WAM |publisher=Emirates News Agency |url=https://www.wam.ae/en/news/economics/1395278495543.html |url-status=dead |access-date=8 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160807095029/https://www.wam.ae/en/news/economics/1395278495543.html |archive-date=7 August 2016 |ref=WAM_DEWAsignsagreementsforsecondphase200MWPVplantatMohammedbinRashidAlMaktoumSolarPark |df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=28 March 2015 |title=UAE DEWA, ACWA Power led consortium sign PPA |work=AMEInfo |publisher=Mediaquest FZ LLC |url=http://ameinfo.com/energy/green-living/uae-dewa-acwa-power-led-consortium-sign-ppa/ |access-date=8 May 2016 |ref=AMEInfo_UAEDEWAACWAPowerledconsortiumsignPPA}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=26 March 2015 |title=ACWA Power led consortium signs PPA with Dubai Electricity & Water Authority for the 260 MWp Solar PV IPP; Phase II of the Mohammed bin Rashid Solar Park in Dubai |work=Zawya |publisher=Thomson Reuters |url=https://www.zawya.com/story/ACWA_Power_led_consortium_signs_PPA_with_Dubai_Electricity__Water_Authority_for_the_260_MWp_Solar_PV_IPP_Phase_II_of_the_Mohammed_bin_Rashid_Solar_Park_in_Dubai-ZAWYA20150326142453/ |access-date=8 May 2016 |ref=Zawya_ACWAPowerledconsortiumsignsPPAwithDubaiElectricityWaterAuthorityforthe260MWpSolarPVIPPPhaseIIoftheMohammedbinRashidSolarParkinDubai}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Jenkins |first=Siona |date=31 March 2015 |title=Falling cost of solar offers solace after halving of oil price |work=Financial Times |publisher=The Financial Times Ltd |url=http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/ee666260-d149-11e4-86c8-00144feab7de.html#axzz484h1OGnI |access-date=8 May 2016 |ref=FT_Fallingcostofsolarofferssolaceafterhalvingofoilprice}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=26 March 2015 |title=Dewa signs agreements for second-phase 200MW PV plant at Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum Solar Park |work=GulfNews |publisher=Al Nisr Publishing LLC |url=http://gulfnews.com/business/economy/dewa-signs-agreements-for-second-phase-200mw-pv-plant-at-mohammed-bin-rashid-al-maktoum-solar-park-1.1480155 |access-date=8 May 2016 |ref=GulfNews_Dewasignsagreementsforsecondphase200MWPVplantatMohammedbinRashidAlMaktoumSolarPark}}</ref>
*In March 2019, ACWA Power and DEWA completed the financing for a 950 MW concentrated solar power (CSP) project at the Mohammed bin Rashid Solar Park named Noor Energy 1.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-03-24 |title=Saudi-led consortium, DEWA complete financing for Dubai solar park |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/emirates-solar-financing-idUKD5N21600I/ |website=Reuters}}</ref>
*In December 2023, the Noor Energy 1 plant was inaugurated, becoming the largest CSP project in the world.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Cabral |first1=Alvin R. |last2=Benny |first2=John |title=Sheikh Mohammed inaugurates world's largest concentrated solar power project in Dubai |url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/business/energy/2023/12/06/sheikh-mohammed-inaugurates-worlds-largest-concentrated-solar-power-project-in-dubai/ |access-date=2024-09-10 |website=The National |language=en}}</ref>


=== Redstone Solar Thermal Power Project, South Africa ===
=== Nam Dinh, Vietnam ===
* In January 2015 a consortium led by ACWA Power and the USA firm [[SolarReserve]] was awarded the right to develop the $1.2 billion [[Redstone Solar Thermal Power]] Project in the Northern Cape Province, South Africa.<ref>{{Cite news |date=11 January 2015 |title=ACWA Power extends its Leadership in Solar Power with 100MW Redstone Project, a USD 1.2 Billion investment |work=AMEInfo |publisher=Mediaquest FZ LLC |url=http://ameinfo.com/energy/green-living/acwa-power-extends-leadership-solar-power-100mw-redstone-project-usd-1-2-billion-investment/ |access-date=9 May 2016 |ref=AMEInfo_ACWAPowerextendsitsLeadershipinSolarPowerwith100MWRedstoneProject}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Laganparsad |first=Monica |date=18 January 2015 |title=Sun plus salt to the rescue of national grid |work=Sunday Times |publisher=Times Media Group |url=http://www.timeslive.co.za/sundaytimes/2015/01/18/sun-plus-salt-to-the-rescue-of-national-grid |access-date=9 May 2016 |ref=SundayTimes_Sunplussalttotherescueofnationalgrid}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=17 January 2015 |title=SA to get two new major solar plants |work=businesstech.co.za |publisher=BusinessTech |url=http://businesstech.co.za/news/general/77235/sa-to-get-two-new-major-solar-plants/ |access-date=9 May 2016 |ref=BusinessTech_SAtogettwonewmajorsolarplants}}</ref> It is a 100 MW concentrating solar power generation project utilizing central tower technology with 12 hours of full-load energy storage.<ref>{{Cite news |date=9 January 2015 |title=5 Things you need to Know about South Africa's Redstone Thermal Power Project |work=African Business Review |url=http://www.africanbusinessreview.co.za/technology/1813/5-Things-you-need-to-Know-about-South-Africa's-Redstone-Thermal-Power-Project |access-date=9 May 2016 |ref=AfricanBusinessReview_5ThingsyouneedtoKnowaboutSouthAfricasRedstoneThermalPowerProject}}</ref>
* In June 2014 a consortium including ACWA Power and Korea's Taekwang Power Holdings Company Limited signed an agreement to develop the Nam Dinh 1 IPP Project in [[Vietnam]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Sambridge|first1=Andy|title=Saudi firm inks deal on $2bn Vietnam power project|url=http://www.arabianbusiness.com/saudi-firm-inks-deal-on-2bn-vietnam-power-project-554613.html|accessdate=1 May 2016|work=Arabian Business|publisher=Arabian Business|date=21 June 2014|ref=ArabianBusiness_Saudifirminksdealon2bnVietnampowerproject}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Saudi Arabia's ACWA Power shifts toward renewable energy|url=http://in.reuters.com/article/investment-mideast-acwa-power-idINL6N0SH14F20141022|accessdate=1 May 2016|work=Reuters|publisher=Reuters|date=22 October 2014|ref=Reuters_SaudiArabiasACWAPowershiftstowardrenewableenergy|language=en-IN}}</ref>
* In October 2015 financing was secured for the Redstone project when the Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC) signed an agreement to making a US$400mn commitment of debt financing.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Goenka |first=Himanshu |date=30 October 2015 |title=Financing secured for South Africa's Redstone project |work=African Review |publisher=Alain Charles Publishing Ltd |url=http://www.africanreview.com/energy-a-power/renewables/financing-secured-for-south-africa-s-redstone-project |access-date=9 May 2016 |ref=AfricanReview_FinancingsecuredforSouthAfricasRedstoneproject}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=21 October 2015 |title=South Africa: Funds Secured for Landmark SA Solar Facility |work=allAfrica.com |publisher=AllAfrica |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201510211371.html |access-date=9 May 2016 |ref=AllAfrica_SouthAfricaFundsSecuredforLandmarkSASolarFacility}}</ref>
* In January 2016, the consortium signed a $2.2 billion investment agreement with Vietnam for the Nam Dinh 1 thermal power plant. The $2 billion coal fired power plant will generate 1,200MW upon completion.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Nguyen|first1=Mai|title=Vietnam inks $2.2 bln power project with Saudi, Korean firms|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/vietnam-energy-plant-idUSL3N1533QL|accessdate=2 May 2016|work=Reuters|publisher=Thomson Reuters|date=19 January 2016|ref=Reuters_Vietnaminks2.2blnpowerprojectwithSaudiKoreanfirms}}</ref>.


=== The Red Sea Project, Saudi Arabia ===
According to the Revised Power Development Plan VII (2016), the current status of the project is as follows:
*In 2020, ACWA Power was awarded the contract for the world’s largest renewable off-grid utilities system at Saudi Arabia’s tourism megaproject The Red Sea Project.<ref>{{Cite web |last=AGUINALDO |first=JENNIFER |date=2020-11-16 |title=Acwa Power wins Red Sea utilities contract |url=https://www.meed.com/acwa-power-wins-red-sea-utilities-contract |website=www.meed.com}}</ref>
*The project will feature a battery energy storage system (BESS) with a capacity of more than 1GWh in order to provide a 24-hour supply of energy.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://reneweconomy.com.au/red-sea-solar-and-battery-project-to-feature-1300mwh-of-energy-storage/ | title=Red Sea solar and battery project to feature 1,300MWh of energy storage | date=20 October 2021 }}</ref>
*In December 2021, the company announced that it had closed an agreement for $1.33 billion in senior debt for the project.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2021-12-21 |title=ACWA Power-led JV secures $1.33 bln for Red Sea project utilities |url=https://www.reuters.com/markets/asia/acwa-power-led-jv-secures-133-bln-red-sea-project-utilities-2021-12-21/ |website=Reuters}}</ref>
*A joint venture led by ACWA Power will construct, manage and operate fully-renewable power, desalination, waste-water treatment, solid waste processing, district cooling plants and communication infrastructure for the project that is a flagship of Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 tourism goals.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-12-07 |title=Inside Saudi Arabia's Red Sea: Everything you need to know - Arabian Business: Latest News on the Middle East, Real Estate, Finance, and More |url=https://www.arabianbusiness.com/industries/travel-hospitality/inside-saudi-arabias-red-sea-global-everything-you-need-to-know |access-date=2024-09-10 |website=www.arabianbusiness.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*Financial close for the project was achieved in early 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mansoor |first=Zainab |date=2022-02-24 |title=ACWA Power led consortium achieves financial close for Red Sea Project |url=https://gulfbusiness.com/acwa-power-led-consortium-achieves-financial-close-for-red-sea-project/ |access-date=2024-09-10 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*The company has developed more than 20 acres of constructed wetland sustained by municipal wastewater treated by a natural reed bed system.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-04 |title=Red Sea Global and ACWA Power create more than 20 acres of new wetlands in line with Saudi Arabia's climate action |url=https://www.redseaglobal.com/-/media-center/red-sea-global-and-acwa-power-create-more-than-20-acres-of-new-wetlands-in-line-with-saudi-arabia-s-climate-action |website=www.redseaglobal.com}}</ref>


=== Taweelah IWP, UAE ===
* Phase I, Unit 1 - 600 MW - Planned with Investor identified (i.e. pre-permit development) - Year 2020
*ACWA Power signed a water purchase agreement in 2019 with the Emirates Water and Electricity Company (EWEC) for the world’s largest reverse osmosis plant, to be located in Abu Dhabi with a capacity of 909,000 cubic meters per day.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ACWA Power wins Abu Dhabi's Al Taweelah desalination plant deal |url=https://www.argaam.com/en/article/articledetail/id/592325 |access-date=2024-09-10 |website=ArgaamPlus |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Saundalkar |first=Jason |date=2019-09-12 |title=EWEC and ACWA sign deal for $890m Taweelah desalination plant |url=https://meconstructionnews.com/36742/ewec-and-acwa-sign-deal-for-890m-taweelah-desalination-plant |access-date=2024-09-10 |website=Middle East Construction News |language=en-US}}</ref>
* Phase I, Unit 2 - 600 MW - Planned with Investor identified (i.e. pre-permit development) - Year 2021
*Operations at phase 1 of the plant, with a capacity of 454,600 cubic metres of desalinated water a day, began in June 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cabral |first=Alvin R. |title=Ewec and Acwa Power start operations at major water desalination plant in Abu Dhabi |url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/business/2022/06/23/ewec-and-acwa-power-start-operations-at-major-water-desalination-plant-in-abu-dhabi/ |access-date=2024-09-10 |website=The National |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-06-25 |title=ACWA Power and EWEC starts operations for 1st phase of world's largest water desalination plant |url=https://www.constructionweekonline.com/projects-tenders/acwa-ewec-plant |access-date=2024-09-10 |language=en-US}}</ref>
* Phase II, Unit 1 - 600 MW - Cancelled
*The company announced in May 2023 that Taweelah IWP had reached 90% of capacity, producing 831,935 cubic meters per day of desalinated water and thus becoming the world’s largest reverse osmosis desalination plant by capacity.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.utilities-me.com/news/ewecs-taweelah-desalination-plant-sets-global-record | title=EWEC's Taweelah desalination plant sets global record - Utilities Middle East | date=26 May 2023 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://gulfbusiness.com/ewecs-taweelah-reverse-osmosis-facility-surpasses-90-per-cent-capacity/#:~:text=Emirates%20Water%20and%20Electricity%20Company,largest%20operating%20reverse%20osmosis%20facility. | title=Taweelah Reverse Osmosis facility reaches 90 per cent capacity | date=25 May 2023 }}</ref>
* Phase II, Unit 2 - 600 MW - Cancelled


=== Hassyan, UAE ===
=== Hassyan IWP, UAE ===
*ACWA Power was selected in August 2023 to build and operate the first phase of the Hassyan IWP in Dubai, breaking the world record for the lowest levelized water tariff at $0.365 per cubic meter.<ref name="arabnews.com">{{Cite web |date=2023-08-18 |title=World-record tariff rate helps ACWA Power win contract for new Dubai desalination plant |url=https://www.arabnews.com/node/2357301/business-economy |access-date=2024-09-10 |website=Arab News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Muzoriwa |first=Kudakwashe |date=2023-08-17 |title=DEWA picks ACWA Power to build Hassyan water plant |url=https://gulfbusiness.com/dewa-selects-acwa-power-for-dubai-water-project/ |access-date=2024-09-10 |language=en-US}}</ref>
* In September 2014 ACWA Power was shortlisted to build the Hassyan 1,200MW coal power plant with pollution mitigation as part of a $20 billion investment by the UAE Government that aims to help to diversify Dubai's energy mix by 2030.<ref>{{cite news|last1=El Gamal|first1=Rania|last2=Dokoupil|first2=Martin|title=Dubai Shortlists 8 Firms For Clean Coal Plant|url=https://af.reuters.com/article/energyOilNews/idAFL5N0R80GG20140907?sp=true|accessdate=2 May 2016|work=Reuters|publisher=Thomson Reuters|date=8 September 2014|ref=Reuters_DubaiShortlists8FirmsForCleanCoalPlant}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Dubai shortlists 8 firms for clean coal plant|url=http://english.alarabiya.net/en/business/2014/09/07/Dubai-s-shortlists-8-firms-for-clean-coal-plant.html|accessdate=2 May 2016|work=Al Arabiya|publisher=Al Arabiya|date=7 September 2014|ref=AlArabiya_Dubaishortlists8firmsforcleancoalplant}}</ref>
*The 818,280 cubic-meter-per-day reverse osmosis plant will be partially powered by solar energy.<ref name="arabnews.com"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=DEWA picks ACWA Power to develop Phase I of Hassyan IWP project |url=https://www.argaam.com/en/article/articledetail/id/1664768 |access-date=2024-09-10 |website=ArgaamPlus |language=en}}</ref>
* In October 2015, a consortium including ACWA Power and China's [[Harbin Electric]] were selected to build and operate the $1.8 billion plant.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Basit|first1=Abdul|title=Harbin, Acwa to build $1.8b plant in Dubai|url=http://www.khaleejtimes.com/business/energy/harbin-acwa-to-build-18b-plant-in-dubai|accessdate=2 May 2016|work=www.khaleejtimes.com|publisher=Khaleej Times|date=14 October 2015|ref=KhaleejTimes_HarbinAcwatobuildplantinDubai}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Dipaola|first1=Anthony|title=Dubai Awards ACWA $1.8 Billion Power-Plant Deal on Rising Demand|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-10-13/dubai-awards-acwa-1-8-billion-power-plant-deal-on-rising-demand|accessdate=2 May 2016|work=Bloomberg|publisher=Bloomberg|date=13 October 2015|ref=Bloomberg_DubaiAwardsACWAPowerPlantDealonRisingDemand}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Saadi|first1=Dania|title=Dewa planning Dh60bn of projects over five years to meet Dubai's power and water needs|url=http://www.thenational.ae/business/energy/dewa-planning-dh60bn-of-projects-over-five-years-to-meet-dubais-power-and-water-needs|accessdate=2 May 2016|work=The National|publisher=The National|date=12 October 2015|ref=TheNational_DewaplanningDh60bnofprojectsoverfiveyearstomeetDubaispowerandwaterneeds}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Arnold|first1=Tom|title=Dubai names Harbin, ACWA preferred bidders for clean coal plant|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/emirates-harbin-power-idUSL8N12D0DT20151013|accessdate=2 May 2016|work=Reuters|publisher=Thomson Reuters|date=13 October 2015|ref=Reuters_DubainamesHarbinACWApreferredbiddersforcleancoalplant}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Staples|first1=Andy|title=Dubai announces winning bidders for clean coal plant|url=http://gulfnews.com/business/sectors/energy/dubai-announces-winning-bidders-for-clean-coal-plant-1.1599888|accessdate=2 May 2016|work=GulfNews|publisher=Gulf News|date=13 October 2015|ref=GulfNews_Dubaiannounceswinningbiddersforcleancoalplant}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=DEWA selects Preferred Bidder for 1st phase of 1,200 MW Hassyan Clean Coal Power Plant|url=http://www.albawaba.com/business/pr/dewa-selects-preferred-bidder-1st-phase-1200-mw-hassyan-clean-coal-power-plant-754574|accessdate=8 May 2016|work=Al Bawaba|publisher=Al Bawaba|date=14 October 2015|ref=AlBawaba_DEWAselectsPreferredBidderfor1stphaseof1200MWHassyanCleanCoalPowerPlant}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Basit|first1=Abdul|title=Dewa announces preferred bidder for $1.8 billion clean coal plant|url=http://www.khaleejtimes.com/business/energy/dewa-announces-preferred-bidder-for-18-billion-clean-coal-plant|accessdate=8 May 2016|work=Khaleej Times|publisher=Khaleej Times|date=13 October 2015|ref=KhaleejTimes_Dewaannouncespreferredbidderfor1_8billioncleancoalplant}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Syed|first1=Imran|title=DEWA selects bidder for first phase of Hassyan Clean Coal Power Plant|url=http://saudigazette.com.sa/business/dewa-selects-bidder-for-first-phase-of-hassyan-clean-coal-power-plant/|accessdate=8 May 2016|work=Saudi Gazette|publisher=Saudi Gazette|date=15 October 2015|ref=SaudiGazette_DEWAselectsbidderforfirstphaseofHassyanCleanCoalPowerPlant|language=en-US}}</ref>
*The water purchase agreement worth $914 million was signed in October 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ACWA Power signs SAR 3.4 bln water purchase agreement with DEWA |url=https://www.argaam.com/en/article/articledetail/id/1674386 |access-date=2024-09-10 |website=ArgaamPlus |language=en}}</ref>
* Construction of the power plant commenced in November 2016. The four units of 600MW each are expected to start operations in 2020, 2021, 2022 and 2023 respectively.


=== Neom Green Hydrogen Project ===
=== Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid al-Maktoum Solar Park, Dubai ===
* The NEOM Green Hydrogen Project, based in NEOM, Saudi Arabia, is the world’s largest utility scale, commercially-based hydrogen facility powered entirely by renewable energy.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Martin |first=Polly |date=2023-05-22 |title=Neom formally reaches FID on giant green hydrogen complex as partners ink financing deals worth $8.4bn |url=https://www.hydrogeninsight.com/production/neom-formally-reaches-fid-on-giant-green-hydrogen-complex-as-partners-ink-financing-deals-worth-8-4bn/2-1-1454268 |access-date=2024-09-10 |website=hydrogeninsight.com |language=en}}</ref>
* In January 2015 a consortium of ACWA Power and Spain's TSK were selected by Dubai Electricity and Water Authority (DEWA) as the preferred bidder to build the $327 million phase 2 project of the Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid al-Maktoum Solar Park in the emirate.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Graves|first1=LeAnne|title=Saudi firm outbids rivals for second phase of Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum solar park|url=http://www.thenational.ae/business/energy/saudi-firm-outbids-rivals-for-second-phase-of-mohammed-bin-rashid-al-maktoum-solar-park|accessdate=8 May 2016|work=The National|publisher=Abu Dhabi Media|date=3 December 2014|ref=National_SaudifirmoutbidsrivalsforsecondphaseofMohammedbinRashidAlMaktoumsolarpark}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Narayanan|first1=Archana|last2=French|first2=David|title=Dubai utility DEWA names preferred bidder for upsized solar plant|url=https://af.reuters.com/article/energyOilNews/idAFL6N0UU0WL20150115|accessdate=2 May 2016|work=Reuters|publisher=Thomson Reuters|date=15 January 2015|ref=Reuters_DubaiutilityDEWAnamespreferredbidderforupsizedsolarplant}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Narayanan|first1=Archana|title=Saudi's ACWA Power, Spain's TSK to build $327 mln Dubai solar plant|url=https://af.reuters.com/article/energyOilNews/idAFL6N0UU1FG20150115|accessdate=8 May 2016|work=Reuters|publisher=Thomson Reuters|date=15 January 2015|ref=Reuters_SaudisACWAPowerSpainsTSKtobuild327mlnDubaisolarplant}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Graves|first1=LeAnne|title=Tender for second phase of Mohammed bin Rashid Solar Park in Dubai won by Saudi consortium|url=http://www.thenational.ae/business/energy/tender-for-second-phase-of-mohammed-bin-rashid-solar-park-in-dubai-won-by-saudi-consortium|accessdate=8 May 2016|work=The National|publisher=Abu Dhabi Media|date=15 January 2015|ref=National_TenderforsecondphaseofMohammedbinRashidSolarParkinDubaiwonbySaudiconsortium}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Abbas|first1=Waheed|title=Dewa awards Dh1.2bn solar plant contract|url=http://www.emirates247.com/business/corporate/dewa-awards-dh1-2bn-solar-plant-contract-2015-01-15-1.576752|accessdate=8 May 2016|work=Emirates 247|publisher=Dubai Media Incorporated|date=15 January 2015|ref=Emirates247_DewaawardsDh1_2bnsolarplantcontract|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Graves|first1=LeAnne|title=UAE beats renewables cost hurdle with world's cheapest price for solar energy {{!}} The National|url=http://www.thenational.ae/business/energy/uae-beats-renewables-cost-hurdle-with-worlds-cheapest-price-for-solar-energy|accessdate=8 May 2016|work=The National|publisher=Abu Dhabi Media|date=18 January 2015|ref=National_UAEbeatsrenewablescosthurdlewithworldscheapestpriceforsolarenergy}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=DiPaola|first1=Anthony|title=Dubai Doubling Size of Power Plant to Make Cheapest Solar Energy|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-01-15/acwa-power-wins-contract-to-build-dubai-solar-plant-acwa-ceo|accessdate=8 May 2016|work=Bloomberg.com|publisher=Bloomberg|date=15 January 2015|ref=Bloomberg_DubaiDoublingSizeofPowerPlanttoMakeCheapestSolarEnergy}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=DEWA selects Saudi ACWA and Spain's TSK for the project with the world's lowest LCOE|url=http://www.albawaba.com/business/pr/dewa-saudi-acwa-644798|accessdate=8 May 2016|work=Al Bawaba|publisher=Al Bawaba|date=15 January 2015|ref=AlBawaba_DEWAselectsSaudiACWAandSpainsTSKfortheprojectwiththeworldslowestLCOE}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Todorova|first1=Vesela|title=Planned Dubai solar power park to double output to 200 megawatts|url=http://www.thenational.ae/uae/planned-dubai-solar-power-park-to-double-output-to-200-megawatts|accessdate=8 May 2016|work=The National|publisher=Abu Dhabi Media|date=15 January 2015|ref=National_PlannedDubaisolarpowerparktodoubleoutputto200megawatts}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Dubai doubles capacity of mega Solar Park|url=http://gulfnews.com/news/uae/environment/dubai-doubles-capacity-of-mega-solar-park-1.1441860|accessdate=8 May 2016|work=GulfNews|publisher=Al Nisr Publishing LLC|date=15 January 2015|ref=GulfNews_DubaidoublescapacityofmegaSolarPark}}</ref>
*The project has a total investment value of USD 8.4 billion.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Construction of Neom green hydrogen plant progresses - report |url=https://renewablesnow.com/news/construction-of-neom-green-hydrogen-plant-progresses-report-856827/ |website=renewablesnow.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Patel |first=Sonal |date=2024-04-04 |title=ACWA Power: Crossroads for Exponential Growth in Power and Water |url=https://www.powermag.com/acwa-power-crossroads-for-exponential-growth-in-power-and-water/ |access-date=2024-06-13 |website=POWER Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Nagraj |first=Aarti |date=2023-05-22 |title=Neom Green Hydrogen Energy Company closes $8.4bn in investment deals for plant |url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/business/energy/2023/05/22/neom-green-hydrogen-energy-company-closes-84bn-in-investment-deals-for-plant/ |access-date=2024-06-13 |website=The National |language=en}}</ref>
* In March 2015, ACWA Power secured a $344 million loan to finance the project.<ref>{{cite news|title=Acwa Power gets $344 million loan for Dubai solar project|url=http://www.thenational.ae/business/energy/acwa-power-gets-344-million-loan-for-dubai-solar-project|accessdate=8 May 2016|work=The National|publisher=Abu Dhabi Media|date=1 March 2015|ref=National_AcwaPowergets344millionloanforDubaisolarproject}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Carvalho|first1=Stanley|title=Saudi's ACWA Power gets $344 mln loan for Dubai solar project|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/acwa-power-loans-idUSL5N0W304420150301|accessdate=8 May 2016|work=Reuters|publisher=Thomson Reuters|date=1 March 2015|ref=Reuters_SaudisACWAPowergets344mlnloanforDubaisolarproject}}</ref>
*An equal joint venture between NEOM, Air Products and ACWA Power, the project is based on proven technologies that will include the integration of a combined capacity of 3.9 GW of renewable power from onshore solar, wind and storage.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Air Products, ACWA Power & NEOM sign agreement for production facility |url=https://www.neom.com/en-us/newsroom/air-products--acwa-power-and-neom-sign-agreement |access-date=2024-06-13 |website=www.neom.com |language=en}}</ref>
* The Dubai Electricity and Water Authority (DEWA) signed a Power Purchase Agreement and a Shareholder Agreement with ACWA Power in March 2015 for the 200MW expansion.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Pieri|first1=Alexander|title=DEWA partners with ACWA Power for 200MW PV plant|url=http://alpha.constructionweekonline.com/article-33092-dewa-partners-with-acwa-power-for-200mw-pv-plant/#.Vy9HwIR94_5|accessdate=8 May 2016|work=Construction Week|publisher=ITP Digital Ltd|date=29 March 2015|ref=ConstructionWeek_DEWApartnerswithACWAPowerfor200MWPVplant}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=DEWA signs agreements for second-phase 200MW PV plant at Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum Solar Park|url=https://www.wam.ae/en/news/economics/1395278495543.html|accessdate=8 May 2016|work=WAM|publisher=Emirates News Agency|date=26 March 2015|ref=WAM_DEWAsignsagreementsforsecondphase200MWPVplantatMohammedbinRashidAlMaktoumSolarPark|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160807095029/https://www.wam.ae/en/news/economics/1395278495543.html|archive-date=7 August 2016|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=UAE DEWA, ACWA Power led consortium sign PPA|url=http://ameinfo.com/energy/green-living/uae-dewa-acwa-power-led-consortium-sign-ppa/|accessdate=8 May 2016|work=AMEInfo|publisher=Mediaquest FZ LLC|date=28 March 2015|ref=AMEInfo_UAEDEWAACWAPowerledconsortiumsignPPA}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=ACWA Power led consortium signs PPA with Dubai Electricity & Water Authority for the 260 MWp Solar PV IPP; Phase II of the Mohammed bin Rashid Solar Park in Dubai|url=https://www.zawya.com/story/ACWA_Power_led_consortium_signs_PPA_with_Dubai_Electricity__Water_Authority_for_the_260_MWp_Solar_PV_IPP_Phase_II_of_the_Mohammed_bin_Rashid_Solar_Park_in_Dubai-ZAWYA20150326142453/|accessdate=8 May 2016|work=Zawya|publisher=Thomson Reuters|date=26 March 2015|ref=Zawya_ACWAPowerledconsortiumsignsPPAwithDubaiElectricityWaterAuthorityforthe260MWpSolarPVIPPPhaseIIoftheMohammedbinRashidSolarParkinDubai}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Jenkins|first1=Siona|title=Falling cost of solar offers solace after halving of oil price|url=http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/ee666260-d149-11e4-86c8-00144feab7de.html#axzz484h1OGnI|accessdate=8 May 2016|work=Financial Times|publisher=The Financial Times Ltd|date=31 March 2015|ref=FT_Fallingcostofsolarofferssolaceafterhalvingofoilprice}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Dewa signs agreements for second-phase 200MW PV plant at Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum Solar Park|url=http://gulfnews.com/business/economy/dewa-signs-agreements-for-second-phase-200mw-pv-plant-at-mohammed-bin-rashid-al-maktoum-solar-park-1.1480155|accessdate=8 May 2016|work=GulfNews|publisher=Al Nisr Publishing LLC|date=26 March 2015|ref=GulfNews_Dewasignsagreementsforsecondphase200MWPVplantatMohammedbinRashidAlMaktoumSolarPark}}</ref>
*When operational in 2026, it will produce 600 tonnes per day of clean hydrogen by electrolysis; production of nitrogen by air separation; and production of up to 1.2 million tonnes per year of green ammonia.<ref>{{Cite web |title=$name |url=https://www.airproducts.com/energy-transition/neom-green-hydrogen-complex |access-date=2024-06-13 |website=www.airproducts.com |language=en}}</ref>
* ACWA Power's tender for construction of the project, at a tariff of 5.98 USD cents/kWh, was the cheapest ever offered in the world.<ref name=DubaisDEWAProcuresTheWorldsCheapestSolarEnergyEver /><ref>{{cite web|title=DEWA selects Saudi ACWA and Spain's TSK for the project with the world's lowest LCOE|url=https://e-services.dewa.gov.ae/newshist/details.aspx?id=0247254200000000000000002472542|website=DEWA: Government of Dubai|publisher=DEWA|accessdate=15 March 2016}}{{Dead link|date=May 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Mridul|first1=Chadha|title=ACWA Power Secures $344 Million Loan For Solar PV Project With World's The Lowest Tariff|url=http://cleantechnica.com/2015/03/04/acwa-power-secures-344-million-loan-solar-pv-project-lowest-tariff/|website=CleanTechnica|publisher=CleanTechnica|accessdate=3 March 2016}}</ref>. This tariff was later surpassed in 2017 by the 500 MW Bhadla solar park auction in India at 3.80 USD cents/kWh.<ref>https://mercomindia.com/hero-future-softbank-bhadla-solar/</ref>


=== Uzbekistan Green Hydrogen===
=== Redstone Solar Thermal Power Project, South Africa ===
* In January 2015 a consortium led by ACWA Power and the USA firm [[SolarReserve]] was awarded the right to develop the $1.2 billion [[Redstone Solar Thermal Power]] Project in the Northern Cape Province, South Africa.<ref>{{cite news|title=ACWA Power extends its Leadership in Solar Power with 100MW Redstone Project, a USD 1.2 Billion investment|url=http://ameinfo.com/energy/green-living/acwa-power-extends-leadership-solar-power-100mw-redstone-project-usd-1-2-billion-investment/|accessdate=9 May 2016|work=AMEInfo|publisher=Mediaquest FZ LLC|date=11 January 2015|ref=AMEInfo_ACWAPowerextendsitsLeadershipinSolarPowerwith100MWRedstoneProject}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Laganparsad|first1=Monica|title=Sun plus salt to the rescue of national grid|url=http://www.timeslive.co.za/sundaytimes/2015/01/18/sun-plus-salt-to-the-rescue-of-national-grid|accessdate=9 May 2016|work=Sunday Times|publisher=Times Media Group|date=18 January 2015|ref=SundayTimes_Sunplussalttotherescueofnationalgrid}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=SA to get two new major solar plants|url=http://businesstech.co.za/news/general/77235/sa-to-get-two-new-major-solar-plants/|accessdate=9 May 2016|work=businesstech.co.za|publisher=BusinessTech|date=17 January 2015|ref=BusinessTech_SAtogettwonewmajorsolarplants}}</ref> It is a 100 MW concentrating solar power generation project utilizing central tower technology with 12 hours of full-load energy storage, able to deliver a stable electricity supply to more than 200,000 South African homes.<ref>{{cite news|title=5 Things you need to Know about South Africa's Redstone Thermal Power Project|url=http://www.africanbusinessreview.co.za/technology/1813/5-Things-you-need-to-Know-about-South-Africa's-Redstone-Thermal-Power-Project|accessdate=9 May 2016|work=African Business Review|date=9 January 2015|ref=AfricanBusinessReview_5ThingsyouneedtoKnowaboutSouthAfricasRedstoneThermalPowerProject}}</ref>. Basic power tariff offered is $124/MW·h and peak power tariff is 270% of the basic power tariff i.e. $334/MW·h.


*Construction began on ACWA Power’s first green hydrogen project outside of Saudi Arabia in November 2023.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.hydrogeninsight.com/production/saudi-developer-breaks-ground-on-first-green-hydrogen-project-in-uzbekistan/2-1-1561627 | title=Saudi developer breaks ground on first green hydrogen project in Uzbekistan | date=28 November 2023 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=uz |first=Daryo |title=Uzbekistan implements $62mn investment project for green hydrogen production |url=https://daryo.uz/en/2024/02/27/uzbekistan-implements-62mn-investment-project-for-green-hydrogen-production |access-date=2024-06-13 |website=Daryo.uz |language=en}}</ref>
* In October 2015 financing was secured for the Redstone project when the Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC) signed an agreement to making a US$400mn commitment of debt financing.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Goenka|first1=Himanshu|title=Financing secured for South Africa's Redstone project|url=http://www.africanreview.com/energy-a-power/renewables/financing-secured-for-south-africa-s-redstone-project|accessdate=9 May 2016|work=African Review|publisher=Alain Charles Publishing Ltd|date=30 October 2015|ref=AfricanReview_FinancingsecuredforSouthAfricasRedstoneproject}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=South Africa: Funds Secured for Landmark SA Solar Facility|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201510211371.html|accessdate=9 May 2016|work=allAfrica.com|publisher=AllAfrica|date=21 October 2015|ref=AllAfrica_SouthAfricaFundsSecuredforLandmarkSASolarFacility}}</ref>
*The first phase includes a 52MW wind farm capable of producing 3,000 tonnes per year of green ammonia, with a potential second phase capable of producing 120,000 tonnes per year.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Staff Reporter |date=2023-05-22 |title=ACWA Power inks deal for Uzbekistan wind, green hydrogen projects |url=https://asian-power.com/project/news/acwa-power-inks-deal-uzbekistan-wind-green-hydrogen-projects |access-date=2024-06-13 |website=Asian Power |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=uz |first=Kun |title=ACWA Power to build "green" hydrogen production plant in Chirchik by December |url=https://kun.uz/en/news/2024/05/17/acwa-power-to-build-green-hydrogen-production-plant-in-chirchik-by-december |access-date=2024-06-13 |website=Kun.uz |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Pilot Uzbek Green Hydrogen Project |url=https://www.ebrd.com/work-with-us/projects/psd/54561.html |access-date=2024-06-13 |website=www.ebrd.com |language=en}}</ref>

== Awards ==
ACWA Power won the following awards in 2014:
* The [[Acquisition International]] Fund awards: Energy Investment Firm of the Year – Saudi Arabia,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Milnes|first1=Paul|title=2014 Acquisition International Fund Awards|url=http://www.hedgethink.com/news/2014-fund-awards-announced/|accessdate=3 March 2016|work=Hedge Think|publisher=Hedge Think|date=2 May 2014}}</ref> a [[vanity award]]
* [[MEED]] quality awards: Angus Hindley Award for Project Excellence<ref>{{cite news|title=UAE projects win big at MEED quality awards|url=http://tradearabia.com/news/CONS_258203.html|accessdate=3 March 2016|work=Trade Arabia|publisher=Trade Arabia|date=15 May 2014}}</ref>


== References ==
== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}
{{reflist|30em|refs=

<ref name="CompanyOverviewQuote">{{Cite web |title=Company Overview of ACWA Power International |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/quote/ACWA:AB#xj4y7vzkg |access-date=23 August 2023 |publisher=Bloomberg L.P.}}</ref>
}}


{{Portal|Saudi Arabia|Energy|Companies}}
{{Portal|Saudi Arabia|Energy|Companies}}


[[Category:Power companies of Saudi Arabia]]
[[Category:Electric power companies of Saudi Arabia]]
[[Category:2004 establishments in Saudi Arabia]]
[[Category:Companies based in Riyadh]]
[[Category:Renewable energy companies of Asia]]
[[Category:Renewable energy companies of Asia]]
[[Category:Non-renewable resource companies established in 2004]]
[[Category:Saudi Arabian companies established in 2004]]

Latest revision as of 20:38, 17 December 2024

ACWA Power
Company typePrivate company
IndustryElectricity
Founded2004
Headquarters
Riyadh
,
Saudi Arabia
Key people
ProductsElectric power
water
Number of employees
4,000
Websiteacwapower.com

ACWA Power is a developer, investor, co-owner and operator of a portfolio of power generation and desalinated water production plants with a presence in 13 countries across the Middle East, Africa, and central and southeast Asia. ACWA Power's portfolio of projects in operation and development has an investment value of USD 85.7 billion, and a capacity of 55.1 GW of power and 8 million m3/day of desalinated water.[1]

Its energy portfolio includes thermal power plants,[2] solar power plants (photovoltaic (PV) and concentrated solar power (CSP)),[3] wind,[4] water desalination plants,[5] and green hydrogen projects.[6][7]

Background

[edit]

Headquartered in Saudi Arabia, ACWA Power maintains regional offices in Riyadh, Jeddah, Dubai, Baku, Beijing, Cairo, Addis Abbaba, Jakarta, Amman, Rabat, Muscat, Johannesburg, Istanbul, Tashkent, and Hanoi.[8] It invests in, develops, co-owns and operates a portfolio of 82 projects with the capacity to generate 55.1 GW of power and produce 8 million m3/day of desalinated water.[1] ACWA Power and its subsidiary operating companies employ around 4,000 people in projects in 13 different countries.[9]

Structure

[edit]

ACWA Power's board of directors is chaired by Mohammad Abdullah Abunayyan,[10] with Raad Al Saady as its Vice Chairman and Managing Director,[11] and Marco Arcelli as its CEO.[12]

History

[edit]

In 2002, the Government of Saudi Arabia changed the regulations so that the private sector was permitted to own and operate utilities such as water and power plants. The company was originally founded in 2004 as ACWA Power Projects, a joint venture between ACWA Holding (representing the Abunayyan Holding Company and Al-Muhaidib, today known as Vision International Investment Company) and the MADA Group for Industrial and Commercial Development (today known as Al Rajhi Group Holding) to take advantage of these new private sector investment and operation opportunities in the Saudi Arabian market. The company was reorganised in 2006 in its current legal form as ACWA Power Company.[13] From 2004 to 2011, ACWA Power focused primarily on Saudi Arabia, and was awarded contracts for several thermal power projects – including the Shuaibah IWPP, Shuqaiq 2 IWPP, Rabigh IPP and Marafiq IPP.[14][15][16][17] The company began international expansion in 2011 with the acquisition of Central Electricity Generating Company (CEGCO) in Jordan, and the signature of a joint development agreement for the Kirikkale Combined Cycle Gas Turbine project in Turkey, which subsequently won backing from the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD).[18][19][20][21] The company has since expanded to presently 13 countries covering the Middle East, Africa, Central Asia and Asia.[22]

The Public Investment Fund, the sovereign wealth fund of Saudi Arabia, acquired a 15% stake in ACWA Power in 2018, and has since increased that to the current 44% shareholder.[23]

Northern Cape Premier Mrs Sylvia Lucas visits Bokpoort CSP apprentices to get feedback on Apprenticeship Program

Sakaka IPP, Saudi Arabia

[edit]
  • ACWA Power developed Saudi Arabia’s first major solar project, located in the north of the Kingdom.[24]
  • The contract for the 300MW Sakaka IPP was awarded in February 2018 with a 25-year power purchase agreement at a then world record low tariff of $0.0234 per kilowatt hour.[24][25]

Bokpoort Independent Power Project, South Africa

[edit]
  • The Bokpoort IPP project, a 50 MW concentrated solar power plant with 9.3 hours thermal storage, was ACWA Power’s first project using CSP technology, and first project in South Africa. Bokpoort IPP commenced commercial operations in December 2015.[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]

Noor I, II, III, IV Ouarzazate, Morocco

[edit]

The Noor solar complex with 510 MW solar CSP and 135 MW solar PV capacity near Ouarzazate, Morocco, was the largest CSP complex in the world in 2019.[35]

  • In 2015, ACWA Power was awarded a €1.7 billion contract for two further solar power projects, Noor II and Noor III, in Morocco.[36][37][38]
  • Noor I was inaugurated in February 2016 and has a generation capacity of 160 MW of electricity. Noor 2 and Noor 3 have a generation capacity of 200 MW and 150 MW respectively. Whereas Noor 1 and 2 both used parabolic CSP technology, Noor 3 was ACWA Power’s first project to utilize tower technology.[39][40][41]
  • Noor PV1 IPP also located in the Ourzazate Solar complex consists of three photovoltaic plants with a capacity of 135 MW. Noor PV1 has been operational since 2019.[42]

Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid al-Maktoum Solar Park, Dubai

[edit]
  • In January 2015 a consortium of ACWA Power and Spain's TSK were selected by Dubai Electricity and Water Authority (DEWA) as the preferred bidder to build the $327 million phase 2 project of the Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid al-Maktoum Solar Park in the emirate.[43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52]
  • In March 2015, ACWA Power secured a $344 million loan to finance the project.[53][54]
  • The Dubai Electricity and Water Authority (DEWA) signed a Power Purchase Agreement and a Shareholder Agreement with ACWA Power in March 2015 for the 200MW expansion.[55][56][57][58][59][60]
  • In March 2019, ACWA Power and DEWA completed the financing for a 950 MW concentrated solar power (CSP) project at the Mohammed bin Rashid Solar Park named Noor Energy 1.[61]
  • In December 2023, the Noor Energy 1 plant was inaugurated, becoming the largest CSP project in the world.[62]

Redstone Solar Thermal Power Project, South Africa

[edit]
  • In January 2015 a consortium led by ACWA Power and the USA firm SolarReserve was awarded the right to develop the $1.2 billion Redstone Solar Thermal Power Project in the Northern Cape Province, South Africa.[63][64][65] It is a 100 MW concentrating solar power generation project utilizing central tower technology with 12 hours of full-load energy storage.[66]
  • In October 2015 financing was secured for the Redstone project when the Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC) signed an agreement to making a US$400mn commitment of debt financing.[67][68]

The Red Sea Project, Saudi Arabia

[edit]
  • In 2020, ACWA Power was awarded the contract for the world’s largest renewable off-grid utilities system at Saudi Arabia’s tourism megaproject The Red Sea Project.[69]
  • The project will feature a battery energy storage system (BESS) with a capacity of more than 1GWh in order to provide a 24-hour supply of energy.[70]
  • In December 2021, the company announced that it had closed an agreement for $1.33 billion in senior debt for the project.[71]
  • A joint venture led by ACWA Power will construct, manage and operate fully-renewable power, desalination, waste-water treatment, solid waste processing, district cooling plants and communication infrastructure for the project that is a flagship of Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 tourism goals.[71][72]
  • Financial close for the project was achieved in early 2022.[73]
  • The company has developed more than 20 acres of constructed wetland sustained by municipal wastewater treated by a natural reed bed system.[74]

Taweelah IWP, UAE

[edit]
  • ACWA Power signed a water purchase agreement in 2019 with the Emirates Water and Electricity Company (EWEC) for the world’s largest reverse osmosis plant, to be located in Abu Dhabi with a capacity of 909,000 cubic meters per day.[75][76]
  • Operations at phase 1 of the plant, with a capacity of 454,600 cubic metres of desalinated water a day, began in June 2022.[77][78]
  • The company announced in May 2023 that Taweelah IWP had reached 90% of capacity, producing 831,935 cubic meters per day of desalinated water and thus becoming the world’s largest reverse osmosis desalination plant by capacity.[79][80]

Hassyan IWP, UAE

[edit]
  • ACWA Power was selected in August 2023 to build and operate the first phase of the Hassyan IWP in Dubai, breaking the world record for the lowest levelized water tariff at $0.365 per cubic meter.[81][82]
  • The 818,280 cubic-meter-per-day reverse osmosis plant will be partially powered by solar energy.[81][83]
  • The water purchase agreement worth $914 million was signed in October 2023.[84]

Neom Green Hydrogen Project

[edit]
  • The NEOM Green Hydrogen Project, based in NEOM, Saudi Arabia, is the world’s largest utility scale, commercially-based hydrogen facility powered entirely by renewable energy.[85]
  • The project has a total investment value of USD 8.4 billion.[86][87][88]
  • An equal joint venture between NEOM, Air Products and ACWA Power, the project is based on proven technologies that will include the integration of a combined capacity of 3.9 GW of renewable power from onshore solar, wind and storage.[89]
  • When operational in 2026, it will produce 600 tonnes per day of clean hydrogen by electrolysis; production of nitrogen by air separation; and production of up to 1.2 million tonnes per year of green ammonia.[90]

Uzbekistan Green Hydrogen

[edit]
  • Construction began on ACWA Power’s first green hydrogen project outside of Saudi Arabia in November 2023.[91][92]
  • The first phase includes a 52MW wind farm capable of producing 3,000 tonnes per year of green ammonia, with a potential second phase capable of producing 120,000 tonnes per year.[93][94][95]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Benny, John (2023-11-30). "Saudi Arabia's Acwa Power seeks development partners to invest in Africa projects". The National. Retrieved 2023-12-11.
  2. ^ "Saudi ACWA Power's assets expected to reach $230bn by 2030: CEO". Arab News. November 3, 2022.
  3. ^ "Saudi Arabia's ACWA Power shifts toward renewable energy". Reuters. October 22, 2014.
  4. ^ "ACWA Power installs first wind turbine in Uzbekistan". Arab News. August 9, 2023.
  5. ^ "Saudi Arabia's Acwa Power to develop $677.3 million desalination project on Red Sea coast". The National. April 14, 2023.
  6. ^ "Saudi Arabia's Acwa Power Eyes Three More Giant Hydrogen Plants". Bloomberg. March 2, 2023.
  7. ^ "Company Overview of ACWA Power International". Bloomberg L.P. Retrieved 23 August 2023.
  8. ^ "Locations and Addresses". ar2022.acwapower.com.
  9. ^ "Financial Results Announcement and Conference Call For the six-month period ended 30 June 2023" (PDF). ACWA Power. June 2023.
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