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{{Short description|Highway system of France}}
[[File:Autoroute F.svg|right|100px|Sign used denote the start of an Autoroute]]
[[File:France autoroutes map-fr.svg|thumb|300px|Map of French expressways and highways]]
[[File:France autoroutes map-fr.svg|thumb|upright 1.2|Map of French autoroutes in 2012]]
The '''''Autoroute''''' ({{IPA-fr|otoʁut|lang|Fr-Paris--autoroute.ogg}}), or '''''highway''''', system in [[France]] consists largely of [[toll road]]s (76% of the total). It is a network of {{convert|11,882|km|mi|abbr=on}} worth of motorways in 2014. On road signs, autoroute destinations are shown in blue, while destinations reached through a combination of autoroutes are shown with an added autoroute logo. Toll autoroutes are signalled with the word ''péage'' (toll).
The '''''autoroute''''' ({{IPA|fr|otoʁut|lang|Fr-Paris--autoroute.ogg}}, '''highway''' or '''motorway''') system in [[France]] consists largely of [[toll road]]s (76% of the total). It is a network of {{convert|11,882|km|mi|abbr=on}} of motorways as of 2014. On road signs, autoroute destinations are shown in blue, while destinations reached through a combination of autoroutes are shown with an added autoroute logo. Toll autoroutes are signalled with the word ''péage'' (toll or toll plaza).


[[File:French A1.jpg|right|thumb|200px|The French [[Autoroute A1 (France)|autoroute A1]]]]
[[File:French A1.jpg|thumb|The French [[Autoroute A1 (France)|autoroute A1]]]]
[[File:French Autoroute.jpg|right|thumb|200px|A French motorway.]]
[[File:French Autoroute.jpg|thumb|A French motorway.]]


{|
{|
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|showValues=}}
|showValues=}}
|-
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|Source Observatoire national interministériel de la sécurité routière.<ref>Bilan de l'accidentalité de l'année 2015</ref>
|Source: Observatoire national interministériel de la sécurité routière.<ref>Bilan de l'accidentalité de l'année 2015</ref>
|}
|}


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{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!Network length (Privately managed & national statistics)
!Network length (Privately managed & national statistics)
!
|-
|-
|{{Graph:Chart|width=400|height=150
|{{Graph:Chart|width=400|height=150
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|-
|-
|-
|-
| colspan = "2" | Source ASFA.<ref name="ASFA-cles17">http://www.autoroutes.fr/FCKeditor/UserFiles/File/ASFA_cles17.pdf</ref>, ASFA 2018<ref>http://www.autoroutes.fr/FCKeditor/UserFiles/File/ASFA_Chiffres_Cles18%282%29.pdf</ref>; Eurostat (road_if_motorwa serie)
| colspan = "2" | Source ASFA.,<ref name="ASFA-cles17">{{Cite report |url=https://www.autoroutes.fr/FCKeditor/UserFiles/File/ASFA_cles17.pdf |title=2017 CHIFFRES CLÉS |date=2017 |publisher=Association des sociétés françaises d'autoroutes - ASFA |language=fr}}</ref> ASFA 2018;<ref name="autoroutes.fr"/> Eurostat (road_if_motorwa serie)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Statistics - Eurostat |url=https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ttr00002/default/table?lang=en |access-date=2024-03-01 |website=Eurostat}}</ref>
|}
|}


==Numbering scheme==
==Numbering scheme==
Unlike other [[motorway]] systems, there is no systematic numbering system, but there is a clustering of Autoroute numbers based on region.
Unlike other motorway systems, there is no systematic numbering system, but there is a clustering of Autoroute numbers based on region.


A1, A3, A4, A5, A6, A10, A13, A14, A15, A16 radiate clockwise from [[Paris]] with A2, A11, and A12 branching from A1, A10, and A13, respectively. A7 begins in [[Lyon]], where A6 ends. A8 and A9 begin from the A7.
A1, A3, A4, A5, A6, A10, A13, A14, A15, A16 radiate clockwise from Paris, with A2, A11, and A12 branching from A1, A10, and A13, respectively. A7 begins in Lyon, where A6 ends. A8 and A9 begin from the A7.


The 20s are found in northern France. The 30s are found in eastern France. The 40s are found near the Alps. The 50s are in the southeast, near the [[French Riviera]]. The 60s are found in southern France. The 70s are found in the centre of the country. The 80s are found in western France.
The 20s are found in northern France. The 30s are found in eastern France. The 40s are found near the Alps. The 50s are in the southeast, near the French Riviera. The 60s are found in southern France. The 70s are found in the center of the country. The 80s are found in western France.


==Named routes==
==Named routes==
{{more citations needed|section|date=February 2020}}
Some of the autoroutes are often given a name, even if these are not very used:
[[File:Autoroute_F.svg|alt=Sign used denote the start of an Autoroute|right|100x100px]]
Autoroutes are often given a name, even if these are not very used:
*A1 is the ''autoroute du Nord'' (Northern motorway).
*A1 is the ''autoroute du Nord'' (Northern motorway).
*A4 is the ''autoroute de l'Est'' (Eastern motorway).
*A4 is the ''autoroute de l'Est'' (Eastern motorway).
*A6 and A7 are ''autoroutes du Soleil'' (Motorways of the Sun), for they lead from northern to southern France and its sunny beach resorts.
*A6 and A7 are ''autoroutes du Soleil'' (Motorways of the Sun), as both lead from northern France to the sunny beach resorts of southern France.
*A8 is named ''La provençale'' as it cross the geographical region of [[Provence]].
*A8 is named ''La provençale'' as it cross the geographical region of [[Provence]].
*A9 is named ''La Languedocienne'' as it crosses the geographical region of [[Languedoc]]
*A9 is named ''La Languedocienne'' as it crosses the geographic region of [[Languedoc]] and also ''La Catalane'' because it leads to the region [[Catalonia]] in [[Spain]].
*A10 is named ''L'Aquitaine'' because it leads to [[Bordeaux]], which is situated in the region [[Nouvelle-Aquitaine]].
*A10 is named ''L'Aquitaine'' because it leads to [[Bordeaux]] and the region [[Nouvelle-Aquitaine]].
*A11 is named ''L'Oceane'' because it leads to the Atlantic Ocean ([[Nantes]]).
*A13 is named the ''autoroute de Normandie'' as it traverses the region [[Normandy]].
*A13 is named the ''autoroute de Normandie'' as it traverses the region [[Normandy]].
*A16 is named ''L'Européenne'' (the European) because it connects the French capital city with the [[Belgium–France border]], passing by [[Calais]], which is connected with England.
*A16 is named ''L'Européenne'' (the European) because it connects Paris with several European destinations such as the [[Belgium–France border]], as well as [[Calais]], which is connected with England.
*A20 is named ''L'occitane'' as it leads to the south-west of France, in the region [[Occitanie]].
*A20 is named ''L'occitane'' as it leads to the region [[Occitania (administrative region)|Occitanie]] in south-west France.
*A21 is named the ''rocade minière'' (mining road) because it crosses de [[Nord-Pas de Calais Mining Basin]], the biggest mining stub in France.
*A21 is named the ''rocade minière'' (mining road) because it crosses the [[Nord-Pas de Calais Mining Basin]], the largest mining stub in France.
*A26 is named the ''autoroute des Anglais'' (motorway of the English) as it leads from [[Calais]], the main point of arrival for cars and lorries from the UK. It continues to [[Troyes]], and just happens to pass straight through the [[Champagne]] region, whose wines are so loved by the British. In addition it threads through and close to the sites of the most famous battles fought by the [[British Army]] in [[World War I]], such as [[Arras]], [[Cambrai]] and the [[Somme (department)|Somme]] and not far from [[Ypres]] and [[Mons]] in Belgium. It also passes sites of earlier UK interest such as [[Crecy]] and [[The Field of the Cloth of Gold]].
*A26 is named the ''autoroute des Anglais'' (motorway of the English) as it connects [[Calais]], the main point of arrival for cars and lorries from the UK, before continuing to [[Troyes]], and through the [[Champagne]] region, whose wines are loved by the British. In addition, it passes near the sites of the most famous battles fought by the [[British Army]] in [[World War I]], such as [[Arras]], [[Cambrai]], and the [[Somme (department)|Somme]] and not far from [[Ypres]] and [[Mons, Belgium|Mons]] in Belgium. It also passes sites of earlier UK interest such as [[Crecy]] and [[The Field of the Cloth of Gold]].
*A35 is called ''l'Alsacienne'' or ''autoroute des Cigognes'' ([[Storks]]' motorways) as it passes only through the historical region of [[Alsace]], for whom [[Alsace#In tales|storks are a cultural symbol]].
*A36 is called ''la Comptoise'' after the region [[Franche Comté]]
*A36 is called ''la Comtoise'' after the old region [[Franche Comté]].
* A40 is named the ''autoroute blanche'' (white motorway) because it is the road that goes the Alps and French winter resort towns.
* The A61 and A62 are named ''autoroute des deux mers'' (the two seas motorway) because these roads connect the [[Atlantic Ocean]] and the [[Mediterranean Sea]] from [[Bordeaux]] via [[Toulouse]] to [[Narbonne]].
*A40 is named the ''autoroute blanche'' (white motorway) as it connects the French winter resort towns and the Alps.
*The A61 and A62 are named ''autoroute des deux mers'' (the two seas motorway) because these roads connect the [[Atlantic Ocean]] and the [[Mediterranean Sea]] from [[Bordeaux]] via [[Toulouse]] to [[Narbonne]].
*A68 is called ''autoroute du Pastel'' because it leads to Albi and to the ''Lauragais'' where woad was cultivated to produce pastel.
*A68 is called ''autoroute du Pastel'' because it leads to Albi and to the ''Lauragais'' where woad was cultivated to produce pastel.
*A71 is called ''L'Arverne''.
*A71 is called ''L'Arverne''.
*A75 is called ''La Méridienne''.
*A75 is called ''La Méridienne''.
*A77 is called ''Autoroute de l'Arbre''.
*A77 is called ''Autoroute de l'Arbre''.
*A84 is called ''Autoroute des Estuaires''. It is part of the main route between Belgium and Spain, avoiding Paris.
*A104, one of Paris's [[beltway]]s, is also known as ''La Francilienne'' because it circles the region of [[Ile-de-France]].
*A104, one of Paris's [[beltway]]s, is also known as ''La Francilienne'' because it circles the region of [[Ile-de-France]].


==Administration==
==Administration==
The status of motorways in France has been the subject of debate through years, from their construction until recently. Originally, the autoroutes were built by private companies mandated by the French government and followed strict construction rules as described below. They are operated and maintained by mixed companies held in part by private interests and in part by the state. Those companies hold concessions, which means that autoroutes belong to the French state and their administration to semi-private companies. [[Vinci SA|Vinci]] controls around {{convert|4380|km|mi|abbr=on}} of motorway. The different companies are as follows:
The status of motorways in France has been the subject of debate through years, from their construction until recently. Originally, the autoroutes were built by private companies mandated by the French government and followed strict construction rules as described below. They are operated and maintained by mixed companies held in part by private interests and in part by the state. Those companies hold concessions, which means that autoroutes belong to the French state and their administration to semi-private companies. [[Vinci SA|Vinci]] controls around {{convert|4380|km|mi|abbr=on}} of motorway. The different companies are as follows:
* [[ALIS]] (SEM, SAPN 8%, [[Bouygues]] 20.2%, [[Ixis]] 26%, DTP Terrassement 13.44%), concessionnaire de l'A28 Rouen-Alençon 125&nbsp;km, [http://www.alis-sa.com/ Alis, official site]
* ALIS (SEM, SAPN 8%, [[Bouygues]] 20.2%, [[Ixis]] 26%, DTP Terrassement 13.44%), operating the A28 Rouen-Alençon 125&nbsp;km, [http://www.alis-sa.com/ Alis, official site]
* [[Autoroutes Paris-Rhin-Rhône|SAPRR]] ([[Autoroutes Paris-Rhin-Rhône]]), 1801&nbsp;km, [https://web.archive.org/web/20050713232608/http://www.parisrhinrhone.fr/ SAPRR, official site]
* [[Autoroutes Paris-Rhin-Rhône|SAPRR]] ([[Autoroutes Paris-Rhin-Rhône]]), 1801&nbsp;km, [https://web.archive.org/web/20050713232608/http://www.parisrhinrhone.fr/ SAPRR, official site]
* [[AREA]] ([[Société des Autoroutes Rhône-Alpes]], SAPRR Subsidiary at 99.82%), 381&nbsp;km, [http://www.area-autoroutes.fr/ AREA, official site]
* [[AREA]] ([[Société des Autoroutes Rhône-Alpes]], SAPRR Subsidiary at 99.82%), 381&nbsp;km, [http://www.area-autoroutes.fr/ AREA, official site]
* [[Autoroutes du sud de la France|ASF]] ([[Autoroutes du sud de la France]]), 2325&nbsp;km, [http://www.asf.fr/ ASF, official site] (bought by vinci-autoroutes.com [[Vinci (construction)|Vinci]])
* [[Autoroutes du sud de la France|ASF]] ([[Autoroutes du sud de la France]]), 2325&nbsp;km, [http://www.asf.fr/ ASF, official site] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061206233753/http://www.asf.fr/ |date=2006-12-06 }} (bought by vinci-autoroutes.com [[Vinci (construction)|Vinci]])
* [[Autoroutes et tunnels du Mont-Blanc|ATMB]] [[Autoroutes et tunnels du Mont-Blanc]], 107&nbsp;km, [http://www.atmb.net ATMB, official site]
* [[Autoroutes et tunnels du Mont-Blanc|ATMB Autoroutes et tunnels du Mont-Blanc]], 107&nbsp;km, [https://web.archive.org/web/20161126113732/http://www.atmb.net/ ATMB, official site]
* [[CEVM]] ([[Viaduc de Millau]], groupe [[Eiffage]]), 2.5&nbsp;km, [https://web.archive.org/web/20020928164322/http://www.viaducdemillaueiffage.com/ CEVM, official site]
* [[CEVM]] ([[Viaduc de Millau]], groupe [[Eiffage]]), 2.5&nbsp;km, [https://web.archive.org/web/20020928164322/http://www.viaducdemillaueiffage.com/ CEVM, official site]
* [[Cofiroute]] (Compagnie Industrielle et Financière des Autoroutes, private company part of [[Vinci (construction)|Vinci]] group), 896&nbsp;km, [http://www.cofiroute.fr/ Cofiroute, official site]
* [[Cofiroute]] (Compagnie Industrielle et Financière des Autoroutes, private company part of [[Vinci (construction)|Vinci]] group), 896&nbsp;km, [http://www.cofiroute.fr/ Cofiroute, official site]
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|xAxisTitle=Company
|xAxisTitle=Company
|yAxisTitle=Million euros
|yAxisTitle=Million euros
|legend=Breakdown of revenues in million of euros (VAT excluded)
|legend=Breakdown of revenues in million of euros (VAT excluded)
|type=pie
|type=pie
|x=Adelac, Albea, Alicorne, Alienor, Alis, Arcour, Aprr/area, Asf/ Escota, Atlandes, Atmb, Cofiroute, Sanef/Sapn, Sftrf
|x=Adelac, Albea, Alicorne, Alienor, Alis, Arcour, Aprr/area, Asf/ Escota, Atlandes, Atmb, Cofiroute, Sanef/Sapn, Sftrf
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|legend=In operation (kilometers)
|legend=In operation (kilometers)
|type=pie
|type=pie
|x=Adelac, Albea, Alicorne, Alienor, Alis, Aprr, Arcour, area, Asf , Atlandes, Atmb, Cofiroute, Escota, Sanef,Sapn, Sftrf
|x=Adelac, Albea, Alicorne, Alienor, Alis, Aprr, Arcour, area, Asf , Atlandes, Atmb, Cofiroute, Escota, Sanef, Sapn, Sftrf
|y1=19.6,17.5,45,150,125,1867.4,101,409.4,2703.1,104,126.3,1100,471,1388.3,372.4,67.5
|y1=19.6,17.5,45,150,125,1867.4,101,409.4,2703.1,104,126.3,1100,471,1388.3,372.4,67.5
|showValues=
|showValues=
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|-
|-
|-
|-
| colspan = "2" | Source ASFA <ref name="ASFA-cles17" />
| colspan = "2" | Source ASFA<ref name="ASFA-cles17" />
|}
|}


==Safety on French autoroutes==
==Safety on French autoroutes==


===Safe driving===
===Motorway Speed Limits===
France has the following [[speed limit]]s for limited access roads classified as motorways:
France has the following [[speed limit]]s for limited access roads classified as motorways:
* Under normal conditions - {{convert|130|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}
* Under normal conditions - {{convert|130|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}
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Limited access roads classified as express roads have lower speed limit ({{convert|90|or|110|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5|disp=comma}}).
Limited access roads classified as express roads have lower speed limit ({{convert|90|or|110|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5|disp=comma}}).


In normal conditions, there is a minimum speed of {{convert|80|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}} in the lane most left (no minimum speed on the others' right lanes, but speed should be adapted for each situation: not too slow).
In normal conditions, there is a minimum speed of {{convert|80|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}} in the leftmost lane. There is no minimum speed on the others lanes, however the speed must be adapted to the conditions and not constitute a hazard by being too slow.


===Safe design===
===Safe design===
[[File:Dynamic Information on French Autoroute.jpg|thumb|Dynamic information panel used on the French Autoroute.]]


The ''autoroutes'' are designed to increase the [[road safety|safety]] of drivers; this allows a higher speed limit {{convert|130|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5|disp=or}} than on the normal roads {{convert|90|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5|disp=or}}. With those safety feature the risk of accident is not higher.
The ''autoroutes'' are designed to increase driver [[road safety|safety]] and allow for higher speed limits ({{convert|130|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5|disp=or}}) than on regular roads ({{convert|80|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5|disp=or}}) without increasing the risk of accidents.
[[File:Dynamic Information on French Autoroute.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Dynamic information panel used on the French Autoroute.]]


The safety measures include:
The safety features include:
* one way driving: the lanes driving in the opposite direction are separated by at least a crash barrier, which is designed to resist the oblique impact of a car at up to {{convert|180|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}; no intersecting roads but bridges and tunnels;
* one way driving: the lanes driving in the opposite direction are separated by at least a crash barrier designed to resist the oblique impact of a car at up to {{convert|180|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}; there are no intersecting roads but overpasses and underpasses;
* wider carriageways, at least 2 (often 3) lanes driving in the same direction, with a larger turning radius - ''some recently built autoroutes have one-lane-only sections''; For private motorways, in 2017, the proportion is 6800&nbsp;km (74%) in 2x2 lanes, 2252&nbsp;km (25%) in 2x3 lanes, 84&nbsp;km (1%) in 2x4 lanes.<ref name="ASFA-cles17" /> Each lane is 3m50 wide from 2000 standard.<ref name="dtrf.setra.fr">http://dtrf.setra.fr/pdf/pj/Dtrf/0002/Dtrf-0002540/DT2540.pdf?openerPage=notice</ref>
* wider carriageways, with at least 2 (often 3) lanes driving in the same direction, with a larger turning radius - ''some recently built autoroutes have one-lane-only sections''; for privately operated motorways, in 2017, the proportion is 6800&nbsp;km (74%) in 2x2 lanes, 2252&nbsp;km (25%) in 2x3 lanes, 84&nbsp;km (1%) in 2x4 lanes.<ref name="ASFA-cles17" /> Each lane is 3.5m wide.<ref name="dtrf.setra.fr">{{Cite report |url=http://dtrf.setra.fr/pdf/pj/Dtrf/0002/Dtrf-0002540/DT2540.pdf?openerPage=notice |title=ICTAAL INSTRUCTION SUR LES CONDITIONS TECHNIQUES D'AMÉNAGEMENT DES AUTOROUTES DE LIAISON |date=12 December 2000 |publisher=Sétra - Service d'études sur les transports, les routes et leurs aménagements |language=fr |via=DTRF - Documentation des Techniques Routières Françaises |format=PDF}}</ref>
* long acceleration and slowing lanes to get in or out of the ''autoroute'' without disturbing the traffic;
* long entrance and exit ramps or slip roads to get in or out of the ''autoroute'' without disturbing the traffic;
* presence of an additional emergency lane where it is forbidden to drive (except for the emergency services) and to park (except in case of emergency) and to walk;<ref>by definition motorways are forbidden to pedestrian</ref> Since 2000, new emergency lanes on new motorways should be 2m50 wide (or 3m00 when there are more than 2000 trucks a day). According to 2000 standard, the right of the road should contain a security zone of 8m50 or 10m wide in the limit of 3m high.<ref name="dtrf.setra.fr"/>
* an [[emergency lane]], where it is forbidden to drive (except for emergency services), to park (except in case of emergency) and to walk;<ref>by definition motorways are forbidden to pedestrians</ref> Since 2000, new emergency lanes on newly built motorways should be 2.5m wide (or 3m if there are more than 2000 trucks a day). According to the 2000 standard, the emergency lane must be included in a 10m wide (8.5m for sections limited to 110&nbsp;km/h) security zone without obstacles (in case the security zone includes an upwards slope, it is limited to the line where the slope reaches a height of 3m).<ref name="dtrf.setra.fr"/>
* presence of emergency call boxes every {{convert|2|km|mi|abbr=on}} on each side, that allow to [[call for help]] with the possibility to locate the call; some call boxes have flashing light that warn when there is a problem ahead;
* presence of emergency call boxes every {{convert|2|km|mi|abbr=on}} on each side, that allow to [[call for help]] with the possibility to locate the call; some call boxes have flashing light that warn when there is a problem ahead;
[[File:Aire de pique-nique.png|100px|right|Sign indicating a picnic place in an ''aire de repos''.]]
[[File:Aire de pique-nique.png|100px|right|Sign indicating a picnic place in an ''aire de repos''.]]
* presence every {{convert|10|km|mi|abbr=on}} (4–6&nbsp;minutes of driving) of resting zones (''aire de repos'', i.e. car parks with public toilets), and every {{convert|40|km|mi|abbr=on}} (20–30&nbsp;minutes of driving) of a resting zone with a restaurant and a gas station - ''on most recently built ''autoroutes'' these distances are longer'';
* rest areas (''aire de repos'', i.e. car park with public toilets) every {{convert|10|km|mi|abbr=on}} (4–6&nbsp;minutes of driving) and service areas (''aire de service'' with a least a gas station) every {{convert|40|km|mi|abbr=on}} (20–30&nbsp;minutes of driving) - ''on most recently built ''autoroutes'' these distances may be longer, up to 30/60km'';
* regular patrols of the security services, to clear any obstacle and protect drivers in trouble (usually a breakdown or a flat tyre) with appropriate warning signs and beacons;
* regularly patrolling security services, to clear any obstacle and protect drivers in trouble (usually a breakdown or a flat tyre) with appropriate warning signs and beacons;
* dynamic information panels that warn about possible difficulties ahead (accident, people at work, traffic jam);
* dynamic information panels that warn about possible difficulties ahead (e.g. accident, roadworks, traffic jam);
* an FM radio station (107.7&nbsp;MHz) provides flash info every 15 minutes (sometimes following by an English report) and when it breaks;
* a radio station (107.7&nbsp;MHz in FM) provides traffic information bulletins every 15 minutes (with a report in English in certain areas) and breaking news for emergencies;
* on heavy traffic days (e.g. beginning and end of school holidays): organisation of specific information and recreation events at rest areas;
* on heavy traffic days (e.g. beginning and end of school holidays), specific information and recreation events may be organised in rest areas;
* ''radars automatiques'' (speed cameras) currently being installed in many locations.
* ''radars automatiques'' (speed cameras) are installed in many locations, and announced by a specific road sign.


===Safety results===
===Safety results===
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|y4Title=Hospitalized less than 24h (ASFA)
|y4Title=Hospitalized less than 24h (ASFA)
|showValues=
|showValues=
|xGrid=1
|yGrid=1
}}
}}
|-
|-
| Source ASFA <ref name="ASFA-clés-mortels-2016">http://www.autoroutes.fr/FCKeditor/UserFiles/File/Chiffres%20cl%C3%A9s%20accidents%20mortels%202016.pdf</ref>{{,}}<ref name="accidents-mortels-2016" />
| Source ASFA<ref name="ASFA-clés-mortels-2016">{{Cite report |url=https://www.autoroutes.fr/FCKeditor/UserFiles/File/Chiffres%20cl%C3%A9s%20accidents%20mortels%202016.pdf |title=2016 SÉCURITÉ SUR AUTOROUTE - ACCIDENTS MORTELS - CHIFFRES CLÉS |date=2016 |publisher=Association des sociétés françaises d'autoroutes - ASFA |language=fr}}</ref><ref name="accidents-mortels-2016" />
|}
|}


===Fatalities accidents scenario===
===Fatalities accidents scenario===


On French motorways, in 2016, 121 fatal accidents are direct/initial accidents representing 82% of fatal accidents, 16 (11%) fatal accidents occurs after a previous accident, and 10 (7%) fatal accidents occur after an incident.<ref name="accidents-mortels-2016" />
On French motorways, in 2016, 121 fatal accidents are direct/initial accidents representing 82% of fatal accidents, 16 (11%) fatal accidents occurs after a previous accident, and 10 (7%) fatal accidents occur after an incident.<ref name="accidents-mortels-2016" />


Three scenario catch two third of initial accidents:<ref name="accidents-mortels-2016" />
Three scenarios catch two-thirds of initial accidents:<ref name="accidents-mortels-2016" />
* A01 simple collision of two vehicle without direction change
* A01 simple collision of two vehicle without direction change
* A06 crash on protection system such as safety traffic barrier
* A06 crash on protection system such as safety traffic barrier
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|-
|-
|Source Sécurité routière <ref>http://www.securite-routiere.gouv.fr/la-securite-routiere/l-observatoire-national-interministeriel-de-la-securite-routiere/accidentalite-routiere/bilans-annuels</ref>
|Source Sécurité routière<ref>{{Cite web |title=État de l'insécurité routière &#124; Observatoire national interministériel de la sécurité routière |url=http://www.securite-routiere.gouv.fr/la-securite-routiere/l-observatoire-national-interministeriel-de-la-securite-routiere/accidentalite-routiere/bilans-annuels |website=Observatoire national interministériel de la sécurité routière |language=fr}}</ref>
| Source ASFA <ref name="ASFA-cles17" />
| Source ASFA<ref name="ASFA-cles17" />
|}
|}


Line 244: Line 250:
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!Influence of time on the risk of accident (% of accidents divided by % of traffic)
!Influence of time on the risk of accident (% of accidents divided by % of traffic)
!
|-
|-
|{{Graph:Chart|width=250|height=70
|{{Graph:Chart|width=250|height=70
Line 320: Line 325:


|-
|-
| Source ASFA <ref name="accidents-mortels-2016">http://www.autoroutes.fr/FCKeditor/UserFiles/File/Analyse%20des%20accidents%20mortels%20et%20corporels%202016%201.pdf</ref>
| Source ASFA<ref name="accidents-mortels-2016">{{Cite report |url=https://www.autoroutes.fr/FCKeditor/UserFiles/File/Analyse%20des%20accidents%20mortels%20et%20corporels%202016%201.pdf |title=2016 SÉCURITÉ SUR AUTOROUTE - ANALYSE DES ACCIDENTS MORTELS ET CORPORELS |date=2016 |publisher=Association des sociétés françaises d'autoroutes - ASFA |language=fr}}</ref>
|}
|}


===Young drivers===
===Young drivers===


Young drivers between 18 and 34 years old represent 19% of motorway drivers, but they are overrepresented in fatal [[Traffic collision|motor vehicle collisions]] <ref name="ASFA-clés-mortels-2016" />
Young drivers between 18 and 34 years old represent 19% of motorway drivers, but they are overrepresented in fatal [[Traffic collision|motor vehicle collisions]]<ref name="ASFA-clés-mortels-2016" />
and are involved in more than half of fatal accidents.<ref name="ASFA-clés-mortels-2016" />
and are involved in more than half of fatal accidents.<ref name="ASFA-clés-mortels-2016" />


Line 369: Line 374:
}}
}}
|-
|-
| colspan = "3" | Source ASFA <ref name="ASFA-clés-mortels-2016" />
| colspan = "3" | Source ASFA<ref name="ASFA-clés-mortels-2016" />
|}
|}


===Pedestrians===
===Pedestrians===
Pedestrians are killed on motorways, although, in conformity with Vienna convention, pedestrian are forbidden on motorways.
Although pedestrians are forbidden on motorways in conformity with the [[Vienna Convention on Road Traffic|Vienna Convention]], they are still sometimes killed on motorways.


In case a vehicle on a carriage cannot move, motorways safety rules remains applicable: it is forbidden for a pedestrian to travel on the motorway by article 421-2 from the ''Code de la route'' law. For this reason, in case of accident or breakdown, it is advised to turn on emergency blinkers, wear the [[High-visibility clothing]] and go in a safer place such as the other side from the [[Traffic barrier]] where there is no traffic. Since 2008, it is clarified that the usage of the ''[[warning triangle]]'' is no more mandatory on motorways, when it would endanger the driver.<ref>https://www.economie.gouv.fr/dgccrf/Publications/Vie-pratique/Fiches-pratiques/Triangles-de-pre-signalisation-gilets-de-securite</ref>
In case a vehicle on a carriage cannot move, motorways safety rules remains applicable: it is forbidden for a pedestrian to travel on the motorway by article 421-2 from the "Code de la route" law.<ref>{{citation|url = https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/codes/section_lc/LEGITEXT000006074228/LEGISCTA000006159606/#LEGISCTA000006159606 | title = Code de la route : Chapitre Ier : Autoroutes. (Articles R421-1 à R421-10) | quote = I.-L'accès des autoroutes est interdit à la circulation : | access-date = 6 August 2022 }}</ref> For this reason, in case of accident or breakdown, it is advised to turn on hazard warning lights, wear [[high-visibility clothing]], and go in a safer place such as the other side from the [[traffic barrier]] where there is no traffic. Since 2008, it is clarified that [[Warning sign|warning triangles]] are no longer mandatory when they would endanger the driver of the disabled vehicle.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 October 2020 |title=Gilet et triangle de sécurité |url=https://www.economie.gouv.fr/dgccrf/Publications/Vie-pratique/Fiches-pratiques/Triangles-de-pre-signalisation-gilets-de-securite |website=Ministère de l'Économie des Finances et de la Souveraineté industrielle et numérique |language=fr}}</ref>


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
Line 400: Line 405:
|legend=Pedestrians origin
|legend=Pedestrians origin
|type=pie
|type=pie
|x=Breakdown& stopping on emergency lane, Accident, Pedestrians foreign to the motorway, Motorway staff, Pedestrian providing assitance
|x=Breakdown& stopping on emergency lane, Accident, Pedestrians foreign to the motorway, Motorway staff, Pedestrian providing assistance
|y1=.40,.28,.27,.03,.02
|y1=.40,.28,.27,.03,.02
|y1Title=Killed (ASFA)
|y1Title=Killed (ASFA)
Line 407: Line 412:


|-
|-
| colspan = "3" | Source ASFA <ref name="ASFA-clés-mortels-2016" />
| colspan = "3" | Source ASFA
|}
|}


Line 415: Line 420:
[[File:Péage.png|150px|right|Sign indicating a ''péage''.]]
[[File:Péage.png|150px|right|Sign indicating a ''péage''.]]


In 2005, the [[Dominique de Villepin|Villepin]] government proposed a controversial plan to sell all of the state's holdings in autoroute companies to private investors. Critics contend that the price announced is well below the profit forecasts for these companies, and thus that the government sacrifices the future to solve current budgetary problems.<ref>[http://www.equipement.gouv.fr/IMG/pdf/Autoroutes_cle7ee15f-1.pdf Press release of 12-14-2005] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061120092646/http://www.equipement.gouv.fr/IMG/pdf/Autoroutes_cle7ee15f-1.pdf |date=November 20, 2006 }}</ref>
In 2005, the [[Dominique de Villepin|Villepin]] government proposed a controversial plan to sell all of the state's holdings in autoroute companies to private investors. Critics contend that the price announced is well below the profit forecasts for these companies, and thus that the government sacrifices the future to solve current budgetary problems.<ref>[http://www.equipement.gouv.fr/IMG/pdf/Autoroutes_cle7ee15f-1.pdf Press release of 12-14-2005] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061120092646/http://www.equipement.gouv.fr/IMG/pdf/Autoroutes_cle7ee15f-1.pdf |date=November 20, 2006}}</ref>


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!Mode of payment
!Mode of payment
!
|-
|-
|{{Graph:Chart|width=150|height=150
|{{Graph:Chart|width=150|height=150
|xAxisTitle=Year
|xAxisTitle=Year
|yAxisTitle=%
|yAxisTitle=%
|yAxisMax=1
|legend=Paiement mode
|legend=Paiement mode
|type=stackedrect
|type=stackedrect
Line 440: Line 445:
|showValues=format:.0%,offset:1,fontsize:9
|showValues=format:.0%,offset:1,fontsize:9
}}
}}
|
|-
|-
| Source ASFA <ref name="ASFA-cles17" /> <ref> http://www.autoroutes.fr/FCKeditor/UserFiles/File/ASFA_Chiffres_Cles18%282%29.pdf</ref>
| Source ASFA<ref name="ASFA-cles17" /><ref name="autoroutes.fr">{{Cite report |url=https://www.autoroutes.fr/FCKeditor/UserFiles/File/ASFA_Chiffres_Cles18%282%29.pdf |title=2018 CHIFFRES CLÉS |date=2018 |publisher=Association des sociétés françaises d'autoroutes - ASFA |language=fr}}</ref>
|}
|}


==List of Autoroutes==
== List of Autoroutes ==
[[File:Autoroute A10.jpg|thumb|300px|[[A10 autoroute|A10]] autoroute near [[Paris]]]]
[[File:ParisRingRoads GC.svg|thumb|right|300px|[[A26 autoroute|A26]], [[A28 autoroute|A28]], [[A29 autoroute|A29]] and [[A19 autoroute|A19]]: segments of the wide loop bypassing Paris]]
{{routelist top|name|unit=km}}
{{routelist top|name|unit=km}}
{{routelist row|local
{{routelist row|local
|country=FRA
| country = FRA
|type=A
| type = A
|route=1
| route = 1
|local=''Autoroute du Nord''
| local = {{lang|fr|Autoroute du Nord}}
|length_km=211
| length_km = 211
|terminus_a=[[Paris]] ([[Porte de la Chapelle]])
| terminus_a = [[Paris]] ([[Porte de la Chapelle]])
|terminus_b=[[Lille]]
| terminus_b = [[Lille]]
|established=1954
| established = 1954
|notes=Part of [[European route E15|E&nbsp;15]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E17|E&nbsp;17]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E19|E&nbsp;19]]
| notes = Part of [[European route E15|E&nbsp;15]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E17|E&nbsp;17]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E19|E&nbsp;19]]/ [[European route E19|E&nbsp;42]]
}}
}}
{{routelist row|local
{{routelist row|local
|country=FRA
| country = FRA
|type=A
| type = A
|route=2
| route = 2
| local =
|length_km=77.6
| length_km = 77.6
|terminus_a=[[Combles]]
|terminus_b=[[Belgium]]
| terminus_a = [[Combles]]
| terminus_b = [[Belgium]]
|notes=Part of [[European route E19|E&nbsp;19]]
| established = 1972
| notes = Part of [[European route E19|E&nbsp;19]]
}}
}}
{{routelist row|local
{{routelist row|local
|country=FRA
| country = FRA
|type=A
| type = A
|route=3
| route = 3
|local=
| local =
|length_km=18.4
| length_km = 18.4
|terminus_a=[[Paris]] ([[Porte de Bagnolet]])
| terminus_a = [[Paris]] ([[Porte de Bagnolet]])
|terminus_b=[[Gonesse]]
| terminus_b = [[Gonesse]]
|established=1969
| established = 1969
|notes=Part of [[European route E15|E&nbsp;15]]
| notes = Part of [[European route E15|E&nbsp;15]]
}}
}}
{{routelist row|local
{{routelist row|local
|country=FRA
| country = FRA
|type=A
| type = A
|route=4
| route = 4
|local=''Autoroute de l'Est''
| local = {{lang|fr|Autoroute de l'Est}}
|length_km=482
| length_km = 482
|terminus_a=[[Paris]] ([[Porte de Bercy]])
| terminus_a = [[Paris]] ([[Porte de Bercy]])
|terminus_b=[[Strasbourg]]
| terminus_b = [[Strasbourg]]
|established=1970
| established = 1970
|notes=Part of [[European route E25|E&nbsp;25]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E50|E&nbsp;50]]
| notes = Part of [[European route E25|E&nbsp;25]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E50|E&nbsp;50]]
}}
}}
{{routelist row|local
{{routelist row|local
|country=FRA
| country = FRA
|type=A
| type = A
|route=5
| route = 5
|local=
| local =
|length_km=225
| length_km = 225
|terminus_a=[[Vert-Saint-Denis]] ([[Seine-et-Marne]])
| terminus_a = [[Vert-Saint-Denis]] ([[Seine-et-Marne]])
|terminus_b=[[Langres]]
| terminus_b = [[Langres]]
|established=1983
| established = 1983
|notes=Part of [[European route E17|E&nbsp;17]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E54|E&nbsp;54]]
| notes = Part of [[European route E17|E&nbsp;17]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E54|E&nbsp;54]]
}}
}}
{{routelist row|local
{{routelist row|local
|country=FRA
| country = FRA
|type=A
| type = A
|route=6
| route = 6
|local=''Autoroute du Sud''<br>''Autoroute du Soleil''
| local = {{lang|fr|Autoroute du Sud}}, {{lang|fr|Autoroute du Soleil}}
|length_km=466.3
| length_km = 466.3
|terminus_a=[[Lyon]]
| terminus_a = [[Lyon]]
|terminus_b=[[Paris]]
| terminus_b = [[Paris]]
|established=1960
| established = 1960
|notes=Part of [[European route E15|E&nbsp;15]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E21|E&nbsp;21]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E60|E&nbsp;60]]
| notes = Part of [[European route E15|E&nbsp;15]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E21|E&nbsp;21]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E60|E&nbsp;60]]
}}
}}
{{routelist row|local
{{routelist row|local
|country=FRA
| country = FRA
|type=A
| type = A
|route=7
| route = 7
|local=''Autoroute du Soleil''
| local = {{lang|fr|Autoroute du Soleil}}
|length_km=312
| length_km = 312
|terminus_a=[[Marseille]]
| terminus_a = [[Marseille]]
|terminus_b=[[Lyon]]
| terminus_b = [[Lyon]]
|established=1951
| established = 1951
|notes=Part of [[European route E15|E&nbsp;15]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E80|E&nbsp;80]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E714|E&nbsp;714]]
| notes = Part of [[European route E15|E&nbsp;15]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E80|E&nbsp;80]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E714|E&nbsp;714]]
}}
}}
{{routelist row|local
{{routelist row|local
|country=FRA
| country = FRA
|type=A
| type = A
|route=8
| route = 8
|local=''La Provençale''
| local = {{lang|fr|La Provençale}}
|length_km=224
| length_km = 224
|terminus_a=[[La Fare-les-Oliviers]]
| terminus_a = [[La Fare-les-Oliviers]]
|terminus_b=[[Italy]]
| terminus_b = [[Italy]]
|established=1961
| established = 1961
|notes=Part of [[European route E74|E&nbsp;74]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E80|E&nbsp;80]]
| notes = Part of [[European route E74|E&nbsp;74]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E80|E&nbsp;80]]
}}
}}
{{routelist row|local
{{routelist row|local
|country=FRA
| country = FRA
|type=A
| type = A
|route=9
| route = 9
|local=''La Languedocienne''<br>''La Catalane''
| local = {{lang|fr|La Languedocienne}}, {{lang|fr|La Catalane}}
|length_km=280
| length_km = 280
|terminus_a=[[Spain]]
| terminus_a = [[Spain]]
|terminus_b=[[Orange, Vaucluse|Orange]]
| terminus_b = [[Orange, Vaucluse|Orange]]
|established=1960
| established = 1960
|notes=Part of [[European route E15|E&nbsp;15]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E80|E&nbsp;80]]
| notes = Part of [[European route E15|E&nbsp;15]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E80|E&nbsp;80]]
}}
}}
{{routelist row|local
{{routelist row|local
|country=FRA
| country = FRA
|type=A
| type = A
|route=10
| route = 10
|local=''L'Aquitaine''
| local = {{lang|fr|L'Aquitaine}}
|length_km=557
| length_km = 557
|terminus_a=[[Bordeaux]]
| terminus_a = [[Bordeaux]]
|terminus_b=[[Rungis]]
| terminus_b = [[Rungis]]
|established=1960
| established = 1960
|notes=Part of [[European route E5|E&nbsp;5]]
| notes = Part of [[European route E5|E&nbsp;5]]
}}
}}
{{routelist row|local
{{routelist row|local
|country=FRA
| country = FRA
|type=A
| type = A
|route=11
| route = 11
|local=''L'Océane''
| local = {{lang|fr|L'Océane}}
|length_km=347
| length_km = 347
|terminus_a=[[Nantes]]
| terminus_a = [[Nantes]]
|terminus_b=[[Ponthévrard]]
| terminus_b = [[Ponthévrard]]
|established=1966
| established = 1966
|notes=Part of [[European route E50|E&nbsp;50]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E60|E&nbsp;60]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E501|E&nbsp;501]]
| notes = Part of [[European route E50|E&nbsp;50]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E60|E&nbsp;60]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E501|E&nbsp;501]]
}}
}}
{{routelist row|local
{{routelist row|local
|country=FRA
| country = FRA
|type=A
| type = A
|route=12
| route = 12
|local=''Autoroute de Bretagne''
| local = {{lang|fr|Autoroute de Bretagne}}
|length_km=8.5
| length_km = 8.5
|terminus_a=[[Trappes]]
| terminus_a = [[Trappes]]
|terminus_b=[[Rocquencourt]]
| terminus_b = [[Rocquencourt, Yvelines|Rocquencourt]]
|established=1950
| established = 1950
|notes=none
| notes = none
}}
}}
{{routelist row|local
{{routelist row|local
|country=FRA
| country = FRA
|type=A
| type = A
|route=13
| route = 13
|local=''Autoroute de Normandie''
| local = {{lang|fr|Autoroute de Normandie}}
|length_km=226
| length_km = 226
|terminus_a=[[Caen]] (Porte de Paris)
| terminus_a = [[Caen]] (Porte de Paris)
|terminus_b=[[Paris]] (Porte d'Auteuil)
| terminus_b = [[Paris]] (Porte d'Auteuil)
|established=1940
| established = 1940
|notes=Part of [[European route E5|E&nbsp;5]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E46|E&nbsp;46]]
| notes = Part of [[European route E5|E&nbsp;5]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E46|E&nbsp;46]]
}}
}}
{{routelist row|local
{{routelist row|local
|country=FRA
| country = FRA
|type=A
| type = A
|route=14
| route = 14
|local=
| local =
|length_km=21.7
| length_km = 21.7
|terminus_a=[[La Défense]]
| terminus_a = [[La Défense]]
|terminus_b=[[Orgeval, Yvelines|Orgeval]]
| terminus_b = [[Orgeval, Yvelines|Orgeval]]
|established=1996
| established = 1996
|notes=none
| notes = none
}}
}}
{{routelist row|local
{{routelist row|local
|country=FRA
| country = FRA
|type=A
| type = A
|route=15
| route = 15
|local=
| local =
|length_km=24
| length_km = 24
|terminus_a=[[Gennevilliers]]
| terminus_a = [[Gennevilliers]]
|terminus_b=[[Cergy]]
| terminus_b = [[Cergy]]
|established=1974
| established = 1974
|notes=none
| notes = none
}}
}}
{{routelist row|local
{{routelist row|local
|country=FRA
| country = FRA
|type=A
| type = A
|route=16
| route = 16
|local=''L'Européenne''
| local = {{lang|fr|L'Européenne}}
|length_km=319
| length_km = 319
|terminus_a=[[L'Isle-Adam, Val-d'Oise|L'Isle-Adam]]
| terminus_a = [[L'Isle-Adam, Val-d'Oise|L'Isle-Adam]]
|terminus_b=[[Belgium]]
| terminus_b = [[Belgium]]
|established=1991
| established = 1991
|notes=Part of [[European route E40|E&nbsp;40]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E44|E&nbsp;44]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E401|E&nbsp;401]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E402|E&nbsp;402]]
| notes = Part of [[European route E40|E&nbsp;40]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E44|E&nbsp;44]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E401|E&nbsp;401]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E402|E&nbsp;402]]
}}
}}
{{routelist row|local
{{routelist row|local
|country=FRA
| country = FRA
|type=A
| type = A
|route=19
| route = 19
|local=''L'Éco Autoroute''
| local = {{lang|fr|L'Éco Autoroute}}
|length_km=131
| length_km = 131
|terminus_a=[[Orléans]] (A10 at [[Artenay]])
| terminus_a = [[Orléans]] (A10 at [[Artenay]])
|terminus_b=[[Sens]]
| terminus_b = [[Sens]]
|established=1993
| established = 1993
|notes=Part of [[European route E511|E&nbsp;511]]
| notes = Part of [[European route E511|E&nbsp;511]]
}}
}}
{{routelist row|local
{{routelist row|local
|country=FRA
| country = FRA
|type=A
| type = A
|route=20
| route = 20
|local=''L'Occitane''
| local = {{lang|fr|L'Occitane}}
|length_km=428
| length_km = 428
|terminus_a=[[Montauban]]
| terminus_a = [[Montauban]]
|terminus_b=[[Vierzon]]
| terminus_b = [[Vierzon]]
|established=1992
| established = 1992
|notes=Part of [[European route E9|E&nbsp;9]]
| notes = Part of [[European route E9|E&nbsp;9]]
}}
}}
{{routelist row|local
{{routelist row|local
|country=FRA
| country = FRA
|type=A
| type = A
|route=21
| route = 21
|local=''Rocade Minière''
| local = {{lang|fr|Rocade Minière}}
|length_km=58.9
| length_km = 58.9
|terminus_a=[[Aix-Noulette]]
| terminus_a = [[Aix-Noulette]]
|terminus_b=[[Douchy-les-Mines]]
| terminus_b = [[Douchy-les-Mines]]
|established=1971
| established = 1971
|notes=none
| notes = none
}}
}}
{{routelist row|local
{{routelist row|local
|country=FRA
| country = FRA
|type=A
| type = A
|route=22
| route = 22
|local=''Autoroute du Nord''
| local = {{lang|fr|Autoroute du Nord}}
|length_km=15.8
| length_km = 15.8
|terminus_a=[[Villeneuve-d'Ascq]]
| terminus_a = [[Villeneuve-d'Ascq]]
|terminus_b=[[Belgium]]
| terminus_b = [[Belgium]]
|established=1972
| established = 1972
|notes=Part of [[European route E17|E&nbsp;17]]
| notes = Part of [[European route E17|E&nbsp;17]]
}}
}}
{{routelist row|local
{{routelist row|local
|country=FRA
| country = FRA
|type=A
| type = A
|route=23
| route = 23
|local=
| local =
|length_km=42.7
| length_km = 42.7
|terminus_a=[[Lesquin]]
| terminus_a = [[Lesquin]]
|terminus_b=[[Trith-Saint-Léger]]
| terminus_b = [[Trith-Saint-Léger]]
|established=1978
| established = 1978
|notes=none
| notes = none
}}
}}
{{routelist row|local
{{routelist row|local
|country=FRA
| country = FRA
|type=A
| type = A
|route=24
| route = 24
|local=
| local =
|length_km=
| length_km =
|terminus_a=[[Amiens]]
| terminus_a = [[Amiens]]
|terminus_b=[[Belgium]]
| terminus_b = [[Belgium]]
|established=1980
| established = 1980
|decommissioned=2011
| decommissioned = 2011
|notes=Proposed, but never built
| notes = Proposed, but never built
}}
}}
{{routelist row|local
{{routelist row|local
|country=FRA
| country = FRA
|type=A
| type = A
|route=25
| route = 25
|local=
| local =
|length_km=62.7
| length_km = 62.7
|terminus_a=[[Lesquin]]
| terminus_a = [[Lesquin]]
|terminus_b=[[Dunkirk]]
| terminus_b = [[Dunkirk]]
|established=1963
| established = 1963
|notes=Part of [[European route E42|E&nbsp;42]]
| notes = Part of [[European route E42|E&nbsp;42]]
}}
}}
{{routelist row|local
{{routelist row|local
|country=FRA
| country = FRA
|type=A
| type = A
|route=26
| route = 26
|local=''Autoroute des Anglais''
| local = {{lang|fr|Autoroute des Anglais}}
|length_km=395
| length_km = 395
|terminus_a=[[Troyes]]
| terminus_a = [[Troyes]]
|terminus_b=[[Calais]]
| terminus_b = [[Calais]]
|established=1976
| established = 1976
|notes=Part of [[European route E15|E&nbsp;15]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E17|E&nbsp;17]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E50|E&nbsp;50]]
| notes = Part of [[European route E15|E&nbsp;15]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E17|E&nbsp;17]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E50|E&nbsp;50]]
}}
}}
{{routelist row|local
{{routelist row|local
|country=FRA
| country = FRA
|type=A
| type = A
|route=27
| route = 27
|local=
| local =
|length_km=13.7
| length_km = 13.7
|terminus_a=[[Lesquin]]
| terminus_a = [[Lesquin]]
|terminus_b=[[Belgium]]
| terminus_b = [[Belgium]]
|established=1973
| established = 1973
|notes=Part of [[European route E42|E&nbsp;42]]
| notes = Part of [[European route E42|E&nbsp;42]]
}}
}}
{{routelist row|local
{{routelist row|local
|country=FRA
| country = FRA
|type=A
| type = A
|route=28
| route = 28
|local=''Autoroute des Estuaires''
| local = {{lang|fr|Autoroute des Estuaires}}
|length_km=366.5
| length_km = 366.5
|terminus_a=[[Abbeville]]
| terminus_a = [[Abbeville]]
|terminus_b=[[Tours]]
| terminus_b = [[Tours]]
|established=2005
| established = 2005
|notes=Part of [[European route E44|E&nbsp;44]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E402|E&nbsp;402]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E502|E&nbsp;502]]
| notes = Part of [[European route E44|E&nbsp;44]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E402|E&nbsp;402]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E502|E&nbsp;502]]
}}
}}
{{routelist row|local
{{routelist row|local
|country=FRA
| country = FRA
|type=A
| type = A
|route=29
| route = 29
|local=
| local =
|length_km=183
| length_km = 183
|terminus_a=[[Le Havre]]
| terminus_a = [[Le Havre]]
|terminus_b=[[Saint-Quentin, Aisne|Saint-Quentin]]
| terminus_b = [[Saint-Quentin, Aisne|Saint-Quentin]]
|established=1995
| established = 1995
|notes=Part of [[European route E44|E&nbsp;44]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E402|E&nbsp;402]]
| notes = Part of [[European route E44|E&nbsp;44]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E402|E&nbsp;402]]
}}
}}
{{Routelist row|local
|}
| country = FRA

| type = A
===A30 - A39===
| route = 30

| local =
* '''[[A30 autoroute|A 30]]''' : [[Uckange]] - [[Crusnes]]
| length_km =
* '''[[A31 autoroute|A 31]]''' : [[Beaune]] - [[Luxembourg]]
| terminus_a = [[Uckange]]
* '''[[A32 autoroute|A 32]]''' : [[Freyming-Merlebach]] - [[Germany]]
| terminus_b = [[Crusnes]]
* '''[[A33 autoroute|A 33]]''' : [[Nancy, France|Nancy]] - [[Hudiviller]] (local autoroute around Nancy)
| established = 1963
* '''[[A34 autoroute|A 34]]''' : [[Reims]] - [[Charleville-Mézières]] - [[Belgium]]
| notes = none
* '''[[A35 autoroute|A 35]]''' : [[Lauterbourg]] - [[Switzerland]] ([[Basel]])
}}
* '''[[A36 autoroute|A 36]]''' ''La Comtoise'' : (A 31) [[Ladoix-Serrigny]] - [[Germany]]
{{Routelist row|local
* '''[[A38 autoroute|A 38]]''' : [[Pouilly-en-Auxois]] - [[Dijon]]
| country = FRA
* '''[[A39 autoroute|A 39]]''' ''Autoroute Verte'' : [[Dijon]] - [[Bourg-en-Bresse]]
| type = A
{{clear}}
| route = 31
[[File:France A4x.svg|thumb|right|251px|Motorways A40-A49]]
| local =

| length_km =
===A40 - A49===
| terminus_a = [[Beaune]]

| terminus_b = [[Luxembourg]]
* '''[[A40 autoroute|A40]]''' [[European route E62|E62]] ''Autoroute Blanche, Autoroute des Titans'' : [[Mâcon]] - [[Mont Blanc Tunnel]]
| established = 1966
* '''[[A41 autoroute|A41]]''' : [[Switzerland]] ([[Geneva]]) - [[Grenoble]]
| notes = none
* '''[[A42 autoroute|A42]]''' [[European route E611|E611]] : [[Lyon]] - [[Bourg-en-Bresse]]
}}
* '''[[A43 autoroute|A43]]''' : [[Lyon]] - [[Italy]]
{{Routelist row|local
* '''[[A44 autoroute|A44]]''' : (project) bypassing Lyon by west
| country = FRA
* '''[[A45 autoroute|A45]]''' : [[Lyon]] - [[Saint-Étienne]]
| type = A
* '''[[A46 autoroute|A46]]''' : [[Anse]] - [[Givors]] (bypassing Lyon by east)
| route = 32
* '''[[A47 autoroute|A47]]''' [[European route E70|E70]] : [[Lyon]] - [[Saint-Étienne]]
| local =
* '''[[A48 autoroute|A48]]''' : [[Lyon]] - [[Grenoble]]
| length_km =
* '''[[A49 autoroute|A49]]''' : [[Grenoble]] - [[Valence, Drôme|Valence]]
| terminus_a = [[Freyming-Merlebach]]
{{clear}}
| terminus_b = [[Germany]]
[[File:France A5x.svg|thumb|right|250px|Motorways A50-A59]]
| established = 1972

| notes = none
===A50 - A59===
}}

{{Routelist row|local
* '''[[A50 autoroute|A50]]''' : [[Marseille]] - [[Toulon]]
| country = FRA
* '''[[A507 autoroute|A507]]/L2''' : (under construction, planned since 1935) ring of Marseilles.
| type = A
* '''[[A500 autoroute|A500]]''' : access to [[Monaco]]
| route = 33
* '''[[A51 autoroute|A51]]''' : [[Marseille]] - [[Grenoble]], Val de Durance
| local =
* '''[[A516 autoroute|A516]]''' : Autoroute link between A51 from Marseilles and the city center of [[Aix-en-Provence]]
| length_km =
* '''[[A52 autoroute|A52]]''' : Autoroute link between A8 and A50, great ring of Marseilles.
| terminus_a = [[Nancy, France|Nancy]]
* '''[[A520 autoroute|A520]]''' : Autoroute link between A52 and [[Auriol, Bouches-du-Rhône|Auriol]], access to Saint Maximin via the Sambuc pass
| terminus_b = [[Hudiviller]]
* '''[[A54 autoroute|A54]]''' : [[Nîmes]] - [[Salon-de-Provence|Salon]] Sud (link with A7)
| established = 1953
* '''[[A55 autoroute|A55]]''' : (Nîmes) - [[Martigues]] - [[Marseille]]
| notes = Local autoroute around Nancy
* '''[[A557 autoroute|A557]]''' : one-direction ring of Marseilles downtown
}}
* '''[[A56 autoroute|A56]]''' : (under construction), link between A54 and A55 from Salon to Fos freight port
{{Routelist row|local
* '''[[A57 autoroute|A57]]''' : [[Toulon]] – [[Vidauban]], link with A8
| country = FRA
{{clear}}
| type = A
[[File:France A6x.svg|thumb|right|300px|Motorways A60-A69]]
| route = 34

| local =
===A60 - A69===
| length_km =

| terminus_a = [[Reims]]
* '''[[A61 autoroute|A61]]''' [[European route E80|E80]] ''Autoroute des Deux Mers'': [[Toulouse]] - [[Narbonne]]
| terminus_b = [[Belgium]]
* '''[[A62 autoroute|A62]]''' [[European route E72|E72]] ''Autoroute des Deux Mers'': [[Bordeaux]] - [[Toulouse]]
| established = 1973
* '''[[A63 autoroute|A63]]''' [[European route E05|E05]]/[[European route E70|E70]] ''Autoroute de la Côte Basque'' : [[Bordeaux]] - [[Biriatou]]
| notes = none
* '''[[A64 autoroute|A64]]''' [[European route E80|E80]] ''La Pyrénéenne'' : [[Toulouse]] - [[Bayonne]]
}}
* '''[[A65 autoroute|A65]]''' [[European route E07|E7]] : [[Bordeaux]] - [[Pau, Pyrénées-Atlantiques|Pau]]
{{Routelist row|local
* '''[[A66 autoroute|A66]]''' [[European route E09|E9]] : [[Toulouse]] - [[Pamiers]]
| country = FRA
* '''[[A68 autoroute|A68]]''' : [[Toulouse]] – [[Albi]]
| type = A

| route = 35
===A70 - A79===
| local = {{lang|fr|Autoroute des Cigognes}}

| length_km = 172
* '''[[A71 autoroute|A71]]''' : ''L'Arverne'' [[Orléans]] ([[A10 autoroute|A10]]) - [[Clermont-Ferrand]] ([[A75 autoroute|A75]])
| terminus_a = [[Lauterbourg]]
* '''[[A72 autoroute|A72]]''' : [[Saint-Étienne]] - [[Clermont-Ferrand]]
| terminus_b = [[Switzerland]] ([[Basel]])
* '''[[A75 autoroute|A75]]''' ''La Méridienne'' : [[Clermont-Ferrand]] - [[Béziers]] ([[A9 autoroute|A0]])
| established = 1965
* '''[[A77 autoroute|A77]]''' ''Autoroute de l'Arbre'' [[Poligny, Seine-et-Marne|Poligny]] (A6) - [[Nevers]] - [[Challuy]]
| notes = none

}}
===A80 - A89===
{{Routelist row|local
[[File:ParisRingRoads A104.svg|thumb|right|300px|[[A86 autoroute|A86]] (blue), [[A104 autoroute|A104]] (green) and the [[Périphérique (Paris)|Périphérique]] (orange).]]
| country = FRA
* '''[[A81 autoroute|A81]]''' : [[Le Mans]] - [[La Gravelle]]
| type = A
* '''[[A83 autoroute|A83]]''' : [[Nantes]] - near [[Niort]]
| route = 36
* '''[[A84 autoroute|A84]]''' : [[Rennes]] - [[Caen]]
| local = {{lang|fr|La Comtoise}}
* '''[[A85 autoroute|A85]]''' : [[Angers]] - [[Vierzon]]
| length_km = 237
* '''[[A86 autoroute|A86]]''' : the second ring road around [[Paris]]
| terminus_a = [[Ladoix-Serrigny]]
* '''A87''' : [[Mûrs-Erigné]] - [[La Roche-sur-Yon]]
| terminus_b = [[Germany]]
* '''A88''' : [[Caen]] - [[Falaise, Calvados|Falaise]] - [[Sées]]
| established = 1986
* '''[[A89 autoroute|A89]]''' : [[Lyon]] - [[Arveyres]]
| notes = none
}}
{{Routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 38
| local =
| length_km =
| terminus_a = [[Pouilly-en-Auxois]]
| terminus_b = [[Dijon]]
| established = 1973
| notes = none
}}
{{Routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 39
| local = {{lang|fr|Autoroute Verte}}
| length_km =
| terminus_a = [[Dijon]]
| terminus_b = [[Bourg-en-Bresse]]
| established = 1992
| notes = none
}}
{{Routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 40
| local = {{lang|fr|Autoroute Blanche, Autoroute des Titans}}
| length_km =
| terminus_a = [[Mâcon]]
| terminus_b = [[Mont Blanc Tunnel]]
| established = 1973
| notes = Part of [[European route E62|E62]]
}}
{{Routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 41
| local =
| length_km =
| terminus_a = [[Switzerland]]([[Geneva]])
| terminus_b = [[Grenoble]]
| established = 1975
| notes = none
}}
{{Routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 42
| local =
| length_km =
| terminus_a = [[Lyon]]
| terminus_b = [[Bourg-en-Bresse]]
| notes = Part of [[European route E611|E611]]
| established = 1987
}}
{{Routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 43
| local =
| length_km =
| terminus_a = [[Lyon]]
| terminus_b = [[Italy]]
| established = 1973
| notes = none
}}
{{Routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 44
| local =
| length_km =
| beltway = Bypassing [[Lyon]] to the west
}}
{{Routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 45
| local =
| length_km =
| terminus_a = [[Lyon]]
| terminus_b = [[Saint-Étienne]]
}}
{{Routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 46
| local =
| length_km =
| terminus_a = [[Anse, Rhône|Anse]]
| terminus_b = [[Givors]] (bypassing Lyon by east)
| established = 1992
| notes = none
}}
{{Routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 47
| local =
| length_km =
| terminus_a = [[Lyon]]
| terminus_b = [[Saint-Étienne]]
| established = from 1962 to 1991
| notes = Part of [[European route E70|E70]]
}}
{{Routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 48
| local =
| length_km =
| terminus_a = [[Lyon]]
| terminus_b = [[Grenoble]]
| established = 1968
| notes = none
}}
{{Routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 49
| local =
| length_km =
| terminus_a = [[Grenoble]]
| terminus_b = [[Valence, Drôme|Valence]]
| established = 1992
| notes = none
}}
{{Routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 50
| local =
| length_km =
| terminus_a = [[Marseille]]
| terminus_b = [[Toulon]]
| established = 1962
| notes = none
}}
{{Routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 51
| local =
| length_km =
| terminus_a = [[Marseille]]
| terminus_b = [[Grenoble]], Val de Durance
| established = 1953
| notes = none
}}
{{Routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 52
| local = Great ring of Marseilles
| length_km =
| terminus_a = A8
| terminus_b = A50
| established = from 1974 to 1978
| notes = none
}}
{{Routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 54
| local =
| length_km =
| terminus_a = [[Nîmes]]
| terminus_b = [[Salon-de-Provence|Salon]] Sud (link with A7)
| established = 1970
| notes = none
}}
{{Routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 55
| local =
| length_km =
| terminus_a = [[Martigues]]
| terminus_b = [[Marseille]]
| established = from 1972 to 1989
| notes = none
}}
{{Routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 56
| local =
| length_km =
| beltway = Link between A54 and A55 from Salon to Fos freight port
| established = proposed
| notes = &nbsp;
}}
{{Routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 57
| local =
| length_km =
| terminus_a = [[Toulon]]
| terminus_b = [[Vidauban]], link with A8
| established = from 1964 to 1992
| notes = none
}}
{{Routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 61
| local = {{lang|fr|Autoroute des Deux Mers}}
| length_km =
| terminus_a = [[Toulouse]]
| terminus_b = [[Narbonne]]
| established = 1978
| notes = Part of [[European route E80|E80]]
}}
{{Routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 62
| local = {{lang|fr|Autoroute des Deux Mers}}
| length_km =
| terminus_a = [[Bordeaux]]
| terminus_b = [[Toulouse]]
| established = 1975
| notes = Part of [[European route E72|E72]]
}}
{{Routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 63
| local = {{lang|fr|Autoroute de la Côte Basque}}
| length_km =
| terminus_a = [[Bordeaux]]
| terminus_b = [[Spain]]
| established = 1972
| notes = Part of [[European route E05|E05]]/[[European route E70|E70]]
}}
{{Routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 64
| local = {{lang|fr|La Pyrénéenne}}
| length_km =
| terminus_a = [[Toulouse]]
| terminus_b = [[Bayonne]]
| established = 1977
| notes = Part of [[European route E80|E80]]
}}
{{Routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 65
| local =
| length_km =
| terminus_a = [[Bordeaux]]
| terminus_b = [[Pau, Pyrénées-Atlantiques|Pau]]
| established = 2010
| notes = Part of [[European route E07|E7]]
}}
{{Routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 66
| local =
| length_km =
| terminus_a = [[Toulouse]]
| terminus_b = [[Pamiers]]
| established = 2002
| notes = Part of [[European route E09|E9]]
}}
{{Routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 68
| local =
| length_km =
| terminus_a = [[Toulouse]]
| terminus_b = [[Albi]]
| established = 1992
| notes = none
}}
{{Routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 71
| local = {{lang|fr|L'Arverne}}
| length_km =
| terminus_a = [[Orléans]] ([[A10 autoroute|A10]])
| terminus_b = [[Clermont-Ferrand]] ([[A75 autoroute|A75]])
| established = 1986
| notes = none
}}
{{Routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 72
| local =
| length_km =
| terminus_a = [[Saint-Étienne]]
| terminus_b = [[Clermont-Ferrand]]
}}
{{Routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 75
| local = {{lang|fr|La Méridienne}}
| length_km =
| terminus_a = [[Clermont-Ferrand]]
| terminus_b = [[Béziers]] ([[A9 autoroute|A0]])
}}
{{Routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 77
| local = {{lang|fr|Autoroute de l'Arbre}}
| length_km =
| terminus_a = [[Poligny, Seine-et-Marne|Poligny]] (A6)
| terminus_b = [[Challuy]]
| established = 1981
| notes = none
}}
{{routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 81
| local =
| length_km = 94.8
| terminus_a = [[Le Mans]]
| terminus_b = [[Le Gravelle]]
| established = 1982
| notes = none
}}
{{routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 83
| local =
| length_km = 152.5
| terminus_a = [[Nantes]]
| terminus_b = [[Niort]]
| established = 2001
| notes =
}}
{{routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 84
| local = {{lang|fr|Autoroute des Estuaires}}
| length_km = 170.5
| terminus_a = [[Caen]] (Porte de Bretagne)
| terminus_b = [[Rennes]]
| established = 2003
| notes = Part of [[European route E3|E&nbsp;3]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E46|E&nbsp;46]]&nbsp;/ [[European route E401|E&nbsp;401]]
}}
{{routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 85
| local =
| length_km = 270
| terminus_a = [[Angers]]
| terminus_b = [[Vierzon]]
| established = 1997
| notes =
}}
{{routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 86
| local =
| length_km = 80.1
| beltway = {{lang|fr|Paris orbital}}
| established = 2009
| notes =
}}
{{routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 87
| local =
| length_km = 129
| terminus_a = [[Angers]]
| terminus_b = [[La Roche-sur-Yon]]
| established = 2002
| notes =
}}
{{routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 88
| local =
| length_km = 117.7
| terminus_a = [[Caen]] (Porte d'Espagne)
| terminus_b = [[Sées|Sees]]
| established = 2010
| notes =
}}
{{routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 89
| local =
| length_km = 544
| terminus_a = [[Lyon]]
| terminus_b = [[Bordeaux]]
| established = 1991
| notes = Part of [[European route E70|E&nbsp;70]]
}}
{{Routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 500
| local =
| length_km =
| terminus_a = A50
| terminus_b = [[Monaco]]
| established = 1992
| notes =
}}
{{Routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 507
| beltway = Ring of Marseilles
| established = proposed
| notes = &nbsp;
}}
{{Routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 516
| local =
| length_km =
| terminus_a = [[Marseilles]]
| terminus_b = [[Aix-en-Provence]]
}}
{{Routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 520
| local =
| length_km =
| terminus_a = A52
| terminus_b = [[Auriol, Bouches-du-Rhône|Auriol]]
}}
{{Routelist row|local
| country = FRA
| type = A
| route = 557
| local =
| length_km =
| beltway = One-direction ring of Marseilles downtown
| established = from 1969 to 1974
| notes = none
}}
{{routelist bottom}}


===Others===
===Others===
[[File:Autoroute A10.jpg|thumb|[[A10 autoroute]] near [[Paris]]]]
[[File:A13 Giberville.jpg|thumb|A13 in the outskirts of [[Caen]]]]


* '''[[A1 autoroute (Martinique)|A1(972)]]''': Around [[Fort-de-France]]. Autoroute in [[Martinique]], a French overseas territory.
[[File:A13 Giberville.jpg|thumb|300px|A13 in the outskirts of [[Caen]]]]
* '''[[A1 autoroute (Martinique)|A1(972)]]''' : Around [[Fort-de-France]]. Autoroute in [[Martinique]], a French overseas territory.
* '''[[A104 autoroute|A104]]''': The [[Francilienne]] around the [[Île-de-France]] (Paris) region
* '''[[A104 autoroute|A104]]''' : The [[Francilienne]] around the [[Île-de-France]] (Paris) region
* '''[[A5 autoroute|A105]]''': [[Combs-la-Ville]]
* '''[[A5 autoroute|A105]]''' : [[Combs-la-Ville]]
* '''[[A110 autoroute|A110]]''': [[Ablis]] - [[Tours]] (proposed)
* '''[[A110 autoroute|A110]]''' : [[Ablis]] - [[Tours]] (proposed)
* '''[[A115 autoroute|A115]]''': [[A15 autoroute|A15]] ([[Sannois]]) - [[Méry-sur-Oise]]
* '''[[A15 autoroute|A115]]''' : [[A15 autoroute|A15]] ([[Sannois]]) - [[Méry-sur-Oise]]
* '''[[A131 autoroute|A131]]''': [[Bourneville, Eure|Bourneville]] ([[A13 autoroute|A13 exit 26]]) - [[Le Havre]]
* '''[[A131 autoroute|A131]]''' : [[Bourneville, Eure|Bourneville]] ([[A13 autoroute|A13 exit 26]]) - [[Le Havre]]
* '''[[A132 autoroute|A132]]''': [[A13 autoroute|A13 / Pont-L'Évêque]] - [[Canapville, Calvados|Canapville]]
* '''[[A132 autoroute|A132]]''' : [[A13 autoroute|A13 / Pont-L'Évêque]] - [[Canapville, Calvados|Canapville]]
* '''[[A13 autoroute|A154]]''': [[A13 autoroute|A13]] - [[Louviers]]
* '''[[A13 autoroute|A154]]''' : [[A13 autoroute|A13]] - [[Louviers]]
* '''[[A199 autoroute|A199]]''': [[Torcy, Seine-et-Marne|Torcy]] - [[Champs-sur-Marne]] (downgraded into RD 199)
* '''[[A199 autoroute|A199]]''' : [[Torcy, Seine-et-Marne|Torcy]] - [[Champs-sur-Marne]] (downgraded into RD 199)
* '''[[A34 autoroute|A203]]''': [[Charleville-Mézières]] - [[Glaire]]
* '''[[A34 autoroute|A203]]''' : [[Charleville-Mézières]] - [[Glaire]]
* '''[[A21 autoroute|A211]]''': [[Noyelles-sous-Lens|A21]] - [[Avion, Pas-de-Calais|N17]]
* '''[[A21 autoroute|A211]]''' : [[Noyelles-sous-Lens|A21]] - [[Avion, Pas-de-Calais|N17]]
* '''[[A26 autoroute|A216]]''': [[A16 autoroute|A16]]/[[A26 autoroute|A26]] - [[Rocade Est|N216]] [[Calais]]
* '''[[A26 autoroute|A216]]''' : [[A16 autoroute|A16]]/[[A26 autoroute|A26]] - [[Rocade Est|N216]] [[Calais]]
* '''[[A26 autoroute|A260]]''': [[Boulogne-sur-Mer]] - [[A26 autoroute|A26]]
* '''[[A26 autoroute|A260]]''' : [[Boulogne-sur-Mer]] - [[A26 autoroute|A26]]
* '''[[A4 autoroute|A320]]''': [[A4 autoroute|A4]] - [[Germany]]
* '''[[A4 autoroute|A320]]''' : [[A4 autoroute|A4]] - [[Germany]]
* '''[[A33 autoroute|A330]]''': [[Nancy, France|Nancy]] - [[Richardménil]]
* '''[[A33 autoroute|A330]]''' : [[Nancy, France|Nancy]] - [[Richardménil]]
* '''[[A39 autoroute|A391]]''': [[A39 autoroute|A39]] - [[RN83]]
* '''[[A39 autoroute|A391]]''' : [[A39 autoroute|A39]] - [[RN83]]
* '''[[A404 autoroute|A404]]''': [[Saint-Martin-du-Frêne]] - [[Oyonnax]] - [[Arbent]]
* '''[[A404 autoroute|A404]]''' : [[Saint-Martin-du-Frêne]] - [[Oyonnax]] - [[Arbent]]
* '''[[A406 autoroute|A406]]''': [[Mâcon]]
* '''[[A406 autoroute|A406]]''' : [[Mâcon]]
* '''[[A430 autoroute|A430]]''': [[Chamousset, Savoie|Chamousset]] - [[Gilly-sur-Isère]]
* '''[[A430 autoroute|A430]]''' : [[Chamousset, Savoie|Chamousset]] - [[Gilly-sur-Isère]]
* '''[[A432 autoroute|A432]]''': [[Saint-Laurent-de-Mure]] - [[Montluel]]
* '''[[A432 autoroute|A432]]''' : [[Saint-Laurent-de-Mure]] - [[Montluel]]
* '''[[A8 autoroute|A508]]''': [[Tunnel]] (access to [[Monaco]])
* '''[[A8 autoroute|A508]]''' : [[Tunnel]] (access to [[Monaco]])
* '''[[A570 autoroute|A570]]''': [[A57 autoroute|A57]] - [[Hyères]]
* '''[[A570 autoroute|A570]]''' : [[A57 autoroute|A57]] - [[Hyères]]
* '''[[A620 autoroute|A620]]''': [[A61 autoroute|A61]] - [[A62 autoroute|A62]] ( West ring of [[Toulouse]])
* '''[[A620 autoroute|A620]]''' : [[A61 autoroute|A61]] - [[A62 autoroute|A62]] ( West ring of [[Toulouse]])
* '''[[A620 autoroute|A621]]''': [[Toulouse]] - [[Blagnac]]
* '''[[A620 autoroute|A621]]''' : [[Toulouse]] - [[Blagnac]]
* '''[[A620 autoroute|A623]]''': [[A620 autoroute|A620]] - [[A61 autoroute|A61]]
* '''[[A620 autoroute|A623]]''' : [[A620 autoroute|A620]] - [[A61 autoroute|A61]]
* '''[[A620 autoroute|A624]]''': [[Toulouse]] - [[Colomiers]]
* '''[[A620 autoroute|A624]]''' : [[Toulouse]] - [[Colomiers]]
* '''[[A630 autoroute|A630]]''': [[Lormont]] - [[Bègles]]
* '''[[A630 autoroute|A630]]''' : [[Lormont]] - [[Bègles]]
* '''[[A630 autoroute|A631]]''': [[Bègles]]
* '''[[A630 autoroute|A631]]''' : [[Bègles]]
* '''[[A64 autoroute|A641]]''': [[Oeyregave]] - [[Orthevielle]]
* '''[[A64 autoroute|A641]]''' : [[Oeyregave]] - [[Orthevielle]]
* '''[[A64 autoroute|A645]]''': [[Ponlat-Taillebourg]] - [[Seilhan]]
* '''[[A64 autoroute|A645]]''' : [[Ponlat-Taillebourg]] - [[Seilhan]]
* '''[[A63 autoroute|A660]]''': [[Mios]] - [[Gujan-Mestras]]
* '''[[A63 autoroute|A660]]''' : [[Mios]] - [[Gujan-Mestras]]
* '''[[A68 autoroute|A680]]''': [[Castelmaurou]] - [[Verfeil, Haute-Garonne|Verfeil]]
* '''[[A68 autoroute|A680]]''' : [[Castelmaurou]] - [[Verfeil, Haute-Garonne|Verfeil]]
* '''[[A71 autoroute|A710]]''': [[Gerzat]] - [[Clermont-Ferrand]]
* '''[[A71 autoroute|A710]]''' : [[Gerzat]] - [[Clermont-Ferrand]]
* '''[[A71 autoroute|A711]]''': [[Lempdes]] - [[Pont-du-Château]]
* '''[[A71 autoroute|A711]]''' : [[Lempdes]] - [[Pont-du-Château]]
* '''[[A71 autoroute|A712]]''': [[Lempdes]] - [[Pont-du-Château]]
* '''[[A71 autoroute|A712]]''' : [[Lempdes]] - [[Pont-du-Château]]
* '''[[A71 autoroute|A714]]''': [[Bizeneuille]] - [[Saint-Victor, Allier|Saint-Victor]]
* '''[[A71 autoroute|A714]]''' : [[Bizeneuille]] - [[Saint-Victor, Allier|Saint-Victor]]
* '''[[A71 autoroute|A719]]''': [[Gannat]] - [[Monteignet-sur-l'Andelot]]
* '''[[A71 autoroute|A719]]''' : [[Gannat]] - [[Monteignet-sur-l'Andelot]]
* '''[[A75 autoroute|A750]]''': A75 to [[Clermont-l'Hérault]] - [[Montpellier]]
* '''[[A75 autoroute|A750]]''' : A75 to [[Clermont-l'Hérault]] - [[Montpellier]]
* '''[[A10 autoroute|A810]]''': [[La Rochelle]] - [[A10 (France)|A10]]
* '''[[A10 autoroute|A810]]''' : [[La Rochelle]] - [[A10 (France)|A10]]
* '''[[A811 autoroute|A811]]''': [[Carquefou]] - [[Sainte-Luce-sur-Loire]]
* '''[[A811 autoroute|A811]]''' : [[Carquefou]] - [[Sainte-Luce-sur-Loire]]
* '''[[A813 autoroute|A813]]''':[[Banneville-la-Campagne]]-[[Frénouville]]
* '''[[A813 autoroute|A813]]''' :[[Banneville-la-Campagne]]-[[Frénouville]]
* '''[[A83 autoroute|A831]]''': [[Rochefort, Charente-Maritime|Rochefort]] - [[La Rochelle]] - [[Fontenay-le-Comte]]
* '''[[A83 autoroute|A831]]''' : [[Rochefort, Charente-Maritime|Rochefort]] - [[La Rochelle]] - [[Fontenay-le-Comte]]
* '''[[A10 autoroute|A837]]''' ''Autoroute des Oiseaux'': [[Rochefort, Charente-Maritime|Rochefort]] - [[Écurat]] ([[A10 (France)|A10]])
* '''[[A10 autoroute|A837]]''' ''Autoroute des Oiseaux'' : [[Rochefort, Charente-Maritime|Rochefort]] - [[Écurat]] ([[A10 (France)|A10]])
* '''[[A844 autoroute|A844]]''': [[A11 autoroute|A11]]-[[A82 autoroute|A82]]
* '''[[A844 autoroute|A844]]''' : [[A11 autoroute|A11]]-[[A82 autoroute|A82]]


== Radio coverage ==
== Radio coverage ==
[[File:107.7coverage.png|thumb|500x500px|The complete coverage map of FM 107.7.]]
[[File:107.7coverage.png|thumb|500x500px|The complete coverage map of FM 107.7.]]


The FM 107.7 radio coverage is available in 2017 on 8902 kilometres of the (ASFA) network.<ref>http://www.autoroutes.fr/FCKeditor/UserFiles/File/ASFA_Chiffres_Cles18%282%29.pdf</ref>.
The FM 107.7 radio coverage is available in 2017 on 8902 kilometres of the (ASFA) network.<ref name="autoroutes.fr"/>
This is list of highways that are updated in 107.7 FM every 15 minutes, live 24/7 (if the highway is said alone, it means that the station covers all around it):
This is a list of highways that are updated in 107.7 FM every 15 minutes, live 24/7 (if the highway is said alone, it means that the station covers all around it):


=== Sanef 107.7 (1850km) ===
=== Sanef 107.7 (1850km) ===
; Nord
; Nord
* [[A1 autoroute|A1]] : Roissy-en-France - Carvin
* [[A1 autoroute|A1]]: Roissy-en-France - Carvin
* [[A2 autoroute|A2]] : [[A1 autoroute|A1]] - Hordain
* [[A2 autoroute|A2]]: [[A1 autoroute|A1]] - Hordain
* [[A16 autoroute|A16]] : L'Isle-d'Adam - Boulogne-sur-Mer
* [[A16 autoroute|A16]]: L'Isle-d'Adam - Boulogne-sur-Mer
* [[A26 autoroute|A26]] : Calais - Saint-Quentin
* [[A26 autoroute|A26]]: Calais - Saint-Quentin
* [[A29 autoroute|A29]] : Neufchâtel-en-Bray - Saint-Quentin
* [[A29 autoroute|A29]]: Neufchâtel-en-Bray - Saint-Quentin
; Est
; Est
* [[A4 autoroute|A4]] : Noisy-le-Grand - Reichstett
* [[A4 autoroute|A4]]: Noisy-le-Grand - Reichstett
* [[A26 autoroute|A26]] : Saint-Quentin - northern Troyes
* [[A26 autoroute|A26]]: Saint-Quentin - northern Troyes
* [[A314 autoroute|A314]]
* [[A314 autoroute|A314]]
* [[A315 autoroute|A315]]
* [[A315 autoroute|A315]]
* [[A344 autoroute|A344]]
* [[A344 autoroute|A344]]
; Ouest
; Ouest
* [[A13 autoroute|A13]] : Orgeval - Caen
* [[A13 autoroute|A13]]: Orgeval - Caen
* [[A14 autoroute|A14]] : Carrières-sur-Seine - Orgeval
* [[A14 autoroute|A14]]: Carrières-sur-Seine - Orgeval
* [[A29 autoroute|A29]] : (Beuzeville - Saint-Saëns ; outside Normandy)
* [[A29 autoroute|A29]]: (Beuzeville - Saint-Saëns; outside Normandy)
* [[A132 autoroute|A132]]
* [[A132 autoroute|A132]]
* [[A139 autoroute|A139]]
* [[A139 autoroute|A139]]
Line 899: Line 1,361:
=== Autoroute INFO (2487km) ===
=== Autoroute INFO (2487km) ===
; Centre-Est (live from Dijon)
; Centre-Est (live from Dijon)
* [[A5 autoroute|A5]] : Lieusant - Langres
* [[A5 autoroute|A5]]: Lieusant - Langres
* [[A6 autoroute|A6]] : Fleury-en-Bière - Limonest
* [[A6 autoroute|A6]]: Fleury-en-Bière - Limonest
* [[A19 autoroute|A19]] : Courtenay - Sens
* [[A19 autoroute|A19]]: Courtenay - Sens
* [[A26 autoroute|A26]] : northern Troyes - southern Troyes
* [[A26 autoroute|A26]]: northern Troyes - southern Troyes
* [[A31 autoroute|A31]] : Beaune - Toul
* [[A31 autoroute|A31]]: Beaune - Toul
* [[A36 autoroute|A36]] : Beaune - Mulhouse
* [[A36 autoroute|A36]]: Beaune - Mulhouse
* [[A39 autoroute|A39]] : Dijon - Bourg-en-Bresse
* [[A39 autoroute|A39]]: Dijon - Bourg-en-Bresse
* [[A40 autoroute|A40]] : Mâcon - Bellegarde
* [[A40 autoroute|A40]]: Mâcon - Bellegarde
* [[A46 autoroute|A46]] : Anse - Vaulx-en-Velin
* [[A46 autoroute|A46]]: Anse - Vaulx-en-Velin
* [[A71 autoroute|A71]] : Bourges - Clermont-Ferrand
* [[A71 autoroute|A71]]: Bourges - Clermont-Ferrand
* [[A77 autoroute|A77]] : [[Autoroute française A6|A6]] - Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire
* [[A77 autoroute|A77]]: [[Autoroute française A6|A6]] - Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire
* [[A105 motorway (France)|A105]]
* [[A105 motorway (France)|A105]]
* [[A311 autoroute|A311]]
* [[A311 autoroute|A311]]
Line 918: Line 1,380:
* [[A714]]
* [[A714]]
; Rhône-Alpes (live from Chambéry)
; Rhône-Alpes (live from Chambéry)
* [[A40 autoroute|A40]] : Bellegarde - Le Fayet
* [[A40 autoroute|A40]]: Bellegarde - Le Fayet
* [[A41 autoroute|A41]] : Genève - Chambéry - Grenoble
* [[A41 autoroute|A41]]: Genève - Chambéry - Grenoble
* [[A42 autoroute|A42]] : Bourg-en-Bresse - Vaulx-en-Velin
* [[A42 autoroute|A42]]: Bourg-en-Bresse - Vaulx-en-Velin
* [[A43 autoroute|A43]] : Saint-Priest - Chambéry - [[Tunnel du Fréjus]]
* [[A43 autoroute|A43]]: Saint-Priest - Chambéry - [[Tunnel du Fréjus]]
* [[A48 autoroute|A48]] : Bourgoin-Jallieu - Saint-Égrève
* [[A48 autoroute|A48]]: Bourgoin-Jallieu - Saint-Égrève
* [[A49 autoroute|A49]]
* [[A49 autoroute|A49]]
* [[A51 autoroute|A51]] : Le Pont de Claix - Col du Fau
* [[A51 autoroute|A51]]: Le Pont de Claix - Col du Fau


==Environment==
==Environment==
99% of the privately managed network is protected by natural fencing.<ref name="autoroutes.fr"/>


Privately managed motorways have 1764 [[wildlife crossing]] structures.<ref name="autoroutes.fr"/>
99% of the privately managed network is protected by a natural fences<ref>http://www.autoroutes.fr/FCKeditor/UserFiles/File/ASFA_Chiffres_Cles18%282%29.pdf</ref>.

Privately managed motorways have 1764 wildlife crossing structures<ref>http://www.autoroutes.fr/FCKeditor/UserFiles/File/ASFA_Chiffres_Cles18%282%29.pdf</ref>.



==See also==
==See also==
*[[Transport in France]]
*[[Transport in France]]
*[[List of controlled-access highway systems]]
{{Commons category|Autoroutes in France}}
*[[Evolution of motorway construction in European nations]]


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{Commonscatinline}}
*[http://www.autoroutes.fr/index.htm?lang=en Official Website of the ASFA, with information on the Autoroute network and instructions on how to use them]
*[http://www.autoroutes.fr/index.htm?lang=en Official Website of the ASFA, with information on the Autoroute network and instructions on how to use them]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20091027092140/http://geocities.com/marcelmonterie/routelists/FA.htm Motorway numbers in France] (route log)
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20091027092140/http://geocities.com/marcelmonterie/routelists/FA.htm Motorway numbers in France] (route log)
*[http://www.tolltickets.com/country/france/libert.aspx?lang=en-GB The automatic tolling system in France: Liber-t]
*[http://www.tolltickets.com/country/france/libert.aspx?lang=en-GB The automatic tolling system in France: Liber-t]
*[http://about-france.com/travel.htm Driving in France - autoroutes and other routes]
*[http://about-france.com/travel.htm Driving in France - autoroutes and other routes]
Line 948: Line 1,410:


{{Autoroutes}}
{{Autoroutes}}
{{Motorways in Europe}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Autoroutes Of France}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Autoroutes Of France}}

Latest revision as of 20:38, 22 December 2024

Map of French autoroutes in 2012

The autoroute (French: [otoʁut] ⓘ, highway or motorway) system in France consists largely of toll roads (76% of the total). It is a network of 11,882 km (7,383 mi) of motorways as of 2014. On road signs, autoroute destinations are shown in blue, while destinations reached through a combination of autoroutes are shown with an added autoroute logo. Toll autoroutes are signalled with the word péage (toll or toll plaza).

The French autoroute A1
A French motorway.
Source: Observatoire national interministériel de la sécurité routière.[1]

Length

[edit]
Network length (Privately managed & national statistics)
Source ASFA.,[2] ASFA 2018;[3] Eurostat (road_if_motorwa serie)[4]

Numbering scheme

[edit]

Unlike other motorway systems, there is no systematic numbering system, but there is a clustering of Autoroute numbers based on region.

A1, A3, A4, A5, A6, A10, A13, A14, A15, A16 radiate clockwise from Paris, with A2, A11, and A12 branching from A1, A10, and A13, respectively. A7 begins in Lyon, where A6 ends. A8 and A9 begin from the A7.

The 20s are found in northern France. The 30s are found in eastern France. The 40s are found near the Alps. The 50s are in the southeast, near the French Riviera. The 60s are found in southern France. The 70s are found in the center of the country. The 80s are found in western France.

Named routes

[edit]
Sign used denote the start of an Autoroute

Autoroutes are often given a name, even if these are not very used:

  • A1 is the autoroute du Nord (Northern motorway).
  • A4 is the autoroute de l'Est (Eastern motorway).
  • A6 and A7 are autoroutes du Soleil (Motorways of the Sun), as both lead from northern France to the sunny beach resorts of southern France.
  • A8 is named La provençale as it cross the geographical region of Provence.
  • A9 is named La Languedocienne as it crosses the geographic region of Languedoc and also La Catalane because it leads to the region Catalonia in Spain.
  • A10 is named L'Aquitaine because it leads to Bordeaux and the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine.
  • A11 is named L'Oceane because it leads to the Atlantic Ocean (Nantes).
  • A13 is named the autoroute de Normandie as it traverses the region Normandy.
  • A16 is named L'Européenne (the European) because it connects Paris with several European destinations such as the Belgium–France border, as well as Calais, which is connected with England.
  • A20 is named L'occitane as it leads to the region Occitanie in south-west France.
  • A21 is named the rocade minière (mining road) because it crosses the Nord-Pas de Calais Mining Basin, the largest mining stub in France.
  • A26 is named the autoroute des Anglais (motorway of the English) as it connects Calais, the main point of arrival for cars and lorries from the UK, before continuing to Troyes, and through the Champagne region, whose wines are loved by the British. In addition, it passes near the sites of the most famous battles fought by the British Army in World War I, such as Arras, Cambrai, and the Somme and not far from Ypres and Mons in Belgium. It also passes sites of earlier UK interest such as Crecy and The Field of the Cloth of Gold.
  • A35 is called l'Alsacienne or autoroute des Cigognes (Storks' motorways) as it passes only through the historical region of Alsace, for whom storks are a cultural symbol.
  • A36 is called la Comtoise after the old region Franche Comté.
  • A40 is named the autoroute blanche (white motorway) as it connects the French winter resort towns and the Alps.
  • The A61 and A62 are named autoroute des deux mers (the two seas motorway) because these roads connect the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea from Bordeaux via Toulouse to Narbonne.
  • A68 is called autoroute du Pastel because it leads to Albi and to the Lauragais where woad was cultivated to produce pastel.
  • A71 is called L'Arverne.
  • A75 is called La Méridienne.
  • A77 is called Autoroute de l'Arbre.
  • A84 is called Autoroute des Estuaires. It is part of the main route between Belgium and Spain, avoiding Paris.
  • A104, one of Paris's beltways, is also known as La Francilienne because it circles the region of Ile-de-France.

Administration

[edit]

The status of motorways in France has been the subject of debate through years, from their construction until recently. Originally, the autoroutes were built by private companies mandated by the French government and followed strict construction rules as described below. They are operated and maintained by mixed companies held in part by private interests and in part by the state. Those companies hold concessions, which means that autoroutes belong to the French state and their administration to semi-private companies. Vinci controls around 4,380 km (2,720 mi) of motorway. The different companies are as follows:

Only in the Brittany region do most of the autoroutes belong to the government. They are operated by the regional council and are free from tolls.

Privately managed
Source ASFA[2]

Safety on French autoroutes

[edit]

Motorway Speed Limits

[edit]

France has the following speed limits for limited access roads classified as motorways:

  • Under normal conditions - 130 km/h (80 mph)
  • In rain or wet road conditions - 110 km/h (70 mph)
  • In heavy fog or snowy/icy conditions - 50 km/h (30 mph)

Limited access roads classified as express roads have lower speed limit (90 or 110 km/h, 55 or 70 mph).

In normal conditions, there is a minimum speed of 80 km/h (50 mph) in the leftmost lane. There is no minimum speed on the others lanes, however the speed must be adapted to the conditions and not constitute a hazard by being too slow.

Safe design

[edit]
Dynamic information panel used on the French Autoroute.

The autoroutes are designed to increase driver safety and allow for higher speed limits (130 km/h or 80 mph) than on regular roads (80 km/h or 50 mph) without increasing the risk of accidents.

The safety features include:

  • one way driving: the lanes driving in the opposite direction are separated by at least a crash barrier designed to resist the oblique impact of a car at up to 180 km/h (110 mph); there are no intersecting roads but overpasses and underpasses;
  • wider carriageways, with at least 2 (often 3) lanes driving in the same direction, with a larger turning radius - some recently built autoroutes have one-lane-only sections; for privately operated motorways, in 2017, the proportion is 6800 km (74%) in 2x2 lanes, 2252 km (25%) in 2x3 lanes, 84 km (1%) in 2x4 lanes.[2] Each lane is 3.5m wide.[5]
  • long entrance and exit ramps or slip roads to get in or out of the autoroute without disturbing the traffic;
  • an emergency lane, where it is forbidden to drive (except for emergency services), to park (except in case of emergency) and to walk;[6] Since 2000, new emergency lanes on newly built motorways should be 2.5m wide (or 3m if there are more than 2000 trucks a day). According to the 2000 standard, the emergency lane must be included in a 10m wide (8.5m for sections limited to 110 km/h) security zone without obstacles (in case the security zone includes an upwards slope, it is limited to the line where the slope reaches a height of 3m).[5]
  • presence of emergency call boxes every 2 km (1.2 mi) on each side, that allow to call for help with the possibility to locate the call; some call boxes have flashing light that warn when there is a problem ahead;
Sign indicating a picnic place in an aire de repos.
Sign indicating a picnic place in an aire de repos.
  • rest areas (aire de repos, i.e. car park with public toilets) every 10 km (6.2 mi) (4–6 minutes of driving) and service areas (aire de service with a least a gas station) every 40 km (25 mi) (20–30 minutes of driving) - on most recently built autoroutes these distances may be longer, up to 30/60km;
  • regularly patrolling security services, to clear any obstacle and protect drivers in trouble (usually a breakdown or a flat tyre) with appropriate warning signs and beacons;
  • dynamic information panels that warn about possible difficulties ahead (e.g. accident, roadworks, traffic jam);
  • a radio station (107.7 MHz in FM) provides traffic information bulletins every 15 minutes (with a report in English in certain areas) and breaking news for emergencies;
  • on heavy traffic days (e.g. beginning and end of school holidays), specific information and recreation events may be organised in rest areas;
  • radars automatiques (speed cameras) are installed in many locations, and announced by a specific road sign.

Safety results

[edit]

Fatalities on motorways have decreased between 2002 and 2016.

Fatalities
Source ASFA[7][8]

Fatalities accidents scenario

[edit]

On French motorways, in 2016, 121 fatal accidents are direct/initial accidents representing 82% of fatal accidents, 16 (11%) fatal accidents occurs after a previous accident, and 10 (7%) fatal accidents occur after an incident.[8]

Three scenarios catch two-thirds of initial accidents:[8]

  • A01 simple collision of two vehicle without direction change
  • A06 crash on protection system such as safety traffic barrier
  • A05 loss of vehicle control

Fatalities and accidents remaining factors

[edit]

Most of fatalities occur by night.

Fatal accident by Light condition Fatal accident cause
Source Sécurité routière[9] Source ASFA[2]

Several factor of accidents are more highly probable by night in proportion to the traffic, although inattentiveness remains risky during the day.

Influence of time on the risk of accident (% of accidents divided by % of traffic)
Source ASFA[8]

Young drivers

[edit]

Young drivers between 18 and 34 years old represent 19% of motorway drivers, but they are overrepresented in fatal motor vehicle collisions[7] and are involved in more than half of fatal accidents.[7]

Involvement of young drivers in 2016, in fatal accidents
young drivers in dangerous manoeuvre young drivers in inattentiveness young drivers in excessive speeding
Source ASFA[7]

Pedestrians

[edit]

Although pedestrians are forbidden on motorways in conformity with the Vienna Convention, they are still sometimes killed on motorways.

In case a vehicle on a carriage cannot move, motorways safety rules remains applicable: it is forbidden for a pedestrian to travel on the motorway by article 421-2 from the "Code de la route" law.[10] For this reason, in case of accident or breakdown, it is advised to turn on hazard warning lights, wear high-visibility clothing, and go in a safer place such as the other side from the traffic barrier where there is no traffic. Since 2008, it is clarified that warning triangles are no longer mandatory when they would endanger the driver of the disabled vehicle.[11]

Pedestrians killed in 2016
Place where pedestrians are killed Reason for pedestrian presence
Source ASFA

Economics

[edit]
Barrière de péage
Toll barrier in Hordain (north of France), on autoroute A2

The toll roads were granted as concessions to mixed-economy corporations; the free roads are directly administered by the national government. Tolls are either based on a flat-rate for access to the road or on the distance driven. The latter case is the most common for long distances; users take a ticket from an automatic machine when they enter the autoroute, and pay according to the distance when exiting; toll booths accept multiple payment methods.

Sign indicating a péage.
Sign indicating a péage.

In 2005, the Villepin government proposed a controversial plan to sell all of the state's holdings in autoroute companies to private investors. Critics contend that the price announced is well below the profit forecasts for these companies, and thus that the government sacrifices the future to solve current budgetary problems.[12]

Mode of payment
Source ASFA[2][3]

List of Autoroutes

[edit]
Number Length (km) Length (mi) Southern or western terminus Northern or eastern terminus Route name Formed Removed Notes
A 1 211 131 Paris (Porte de la Chapelle) Lille Autoroute du Nord 01954-01-011954 current Part of E 15 / E 17 / E 19/ E 42
A 2 77.6 48.2 Combles Belgium 01972-01-011972 current Part of E 19
A 3 18.4 11.4 Paris (Porte de Bagnolet) Gonesse 01969-01-011969 current Part of E 15
A 4 482 300 Paris (Porte de Bercy) Strasbourg Autoroute de l'Est 01970-01-011970 current Part of E 25 / E 50
A 5 225 140 Vert-Saint-Denis (Seine-et-Marne) Langres 01983-01-011983 current Part of E 17 / E 54
A 6 466.3 289.7 Lyon Paris Autoroute du Sud, Autoroute du Soleil 01960-01-011960 current Part of E 15 / E 21 / E 60
A 7 312 194 Marseille Lyon Autoroute du Soleil 01951-01-011951 current Part of E 15 / E 80 / E 714
A 8 224 139 La Fare-les-Oliviers Italy La Provençale 01961-01-011961 current Part of E 74 / E 80
A 9 280 170 Spain Orange La Languedocienne, La Catalane 01960-01-011960 current Part of E 15 / E 80
A 10 557 346 Bordeaux Rungis L'Aquitaine 01960-01-011960 current Part of E 5
A 11 347 216 Nantes Ponthévrard L'Océane 01966-01-011966 current Part of E 50 / E 60 / E 501
A 12 8.5 5.3 Trappes Rocquencourt Autoroute de Bretagne 01950-01-011950 current
A 13 226 140 Caen (Porte de Paris) Paris (Porte d'Auteuil) Autoroute de Normandie 01940-01-011940 current Part of E 5 / E 46
A 14 21.7 13.5 La Défense Orgeval 01996-01-011996 current
A 15 24 15 Gennevilliers Cergy 01974-01-011974 current
A 16 319 198 L'Isle-Adam Belgium L'Européenne 01991-01-011991 current Part of E 40 / E 44 / E 401 / E 402
A 19 131 81 Orléans (A10 at Artenay) Sens L'Éco Autoroute 01993-01-011993 current Part of E 511
A 20 428 266 Montauban Vierzon L'Occitane 01992-01-011992 current Part of E 9
A 21 58.9 36.6 Aix-Noulette Douchy-les-Mines Rocade Minière 01971-01-011971 current
A 22 15.8 9.8 Villeneuve-d'Ascq Belgium Autoroute du Nord 01972-01-011972 current Part of E 17
A 23 42.7 26.5 Lesquin Trith-Saint-Léger 01978-01-011978 current
A 24 — — Amiens Belgium 01980-01-011980 02011-01-012011 Proposed, but never built
A 25 62.7 39.0 Lesquin Dunkirk 01963-01-011963 current Part of E 42
A 26 395 245 Troyes Calais Autoroute des Anglais 01976-01-011976 current Part of E 15 / E 17 / E 50
A 27 13.7 8.5 Lesquin Belgium 01973-01-011973 current Part of E 42
A 28 366.5 227.7 Abbeville Tours Autoroute des Estuaires 02005-01-012005 current Part of E 44 / E 402 / E 502
A 29 183 114 Le Havre Saint-Quentin 01995-01-011995 current Part of E 44 / E 402
A 30 — — Uckange Crusnes 01963-01-011963 current
A 31 — — Beaune Luxembourg 01966-01-011966 current
A 32 — — Freyming-Merlebach Germany 01972-01-011972 current
A 33 — — Nancy Hudiviller 01953-01-011953 current Local autoroute around Nancy
A 34 — — Reims Belgium 01973-01-011973 current
A 35 172 107 Lauterbourg Switzerland (Basel) Autoroute des Cigognes 01965-01-011965 current
A 36 237 147 Ladoix-Serrigny Germany La Comtoise 01986-01-011986 current
A 38 — — Pouilly-en-Auxois Dijon 01973-01-011973 current
A 39 — — Dijon Bourg-en-Bresse Autoroute Verte 01992-01-011992 current
A 40 — — Mâcon Mont Blanc Tunnel Autoroute Blanche, Autoroute des Titans 01973-01-011973 current Part of E62
A 41 — — Switzerland(Geneva) Grenoble 01975-01-011975 current
A 42 — — Lyon Bourg-en-Bresse 01987-01-011987 current Part of E611
A 43 — — Lyon Italy 01973-01-011973 current
A 44 — — Bypassing Lyon to the west — —
A 45 — — Lyon Saint-Étienne — —
A 46 — — Anse Givors (bypassing Lyon by east) 01992-01-011992 current
A 47 — — Lyon Saint-Étienne Error: Invalid date "from 1962 to 1991". current Part of E70
A 48 — — Lyon Grenoble 01968-01-011968 current
A 49 — — Grenoble Valence 01992-01-011992 current
A 50 — — Marseille Toulon 01962-01-011962 current
A 51 — — Marseille Grenoble, Val de Durance 01953-01-011953 current
A 52 — — A8 A50 Great ring of Marseilles Error: Invalid date "from 1974 to 1978". current
A 54 — — Nîmes Salon Sud (link with A7) 01970-01-011970 current
A 55 — — Martigues Marseille Error: Invalid date "from 1972 to 1989". current
A 56 — — Link between A54 and A55 from Salon to Fos freight port proposed —  
A 57 — — Toulon Vidauban, link with A8 Error: Invalid date "from 1964 to 1992". current
A 61 — — Toulouse Narbonne Autoroute des Deux Mers 01978-01-011978 current Part of E80
A 62 — — Bordeaux Toulouse Autoroute des Deux Mers 01975-01-011975 current Part of E72
A 63 — — Bordeaux Spain Autoroute de la Côte Basque 01972-01-011972 current Part of E05/E70
A 64 — — Toulouse Bayonne La Pyrénéenne 01977-01-011977 current Part of E80
A 65 — — Bordeaux Pau 02010-01-012010 current Part of E7
A 66 — — Toulouse Pamiers 02002-01-012002 current Part of E9
A 68 — — Toulouse Albi 01992-01-011992 current
A 71 — — Orléans (A10) Clermont-Ferrand (A75) L'Arverne 01986-01-011986 current
A 72 — — Saint-Étienne Clermont-Ferrand — —
A 75 — — Clermont-Ferrand Béziers (A0) La Méridienne — —
A 77 — — Poligny (A6) Challuy Autoroute de l'Arbre 01981-01-011981 current
A 81 94.8 58.9 Le Mans Le Gravelle 01982-01-011982 current
A 83 152.5 94.8 Nantes Niort 02001-01-012001 current
A 84 170.5 105.9 Caen (Porte de Bretagne) Rennes Autoroute des Estuaires 02003-01-012003 current Part of E 3 / E 46 / E 401
A 85 270 170 Angers Vierzon 01997-01-011997 current
A 86 80.1 49.8 Paris orbital 02009-01-012009 current
A 87 129 80 Angers La Roche-sur-Yon 02002-01-012002 current
A 88 117.7 73.1 Caen (Porte d'Espagne) Sees 02010-01-012010 current
A 89 544 338 Lyon Bordeaux 01991-01-011991 current Part of E 70
A 500 — — A50 Monaco 01992-01-011992 current
A 507 — — Ring of Marseilles proposed —  
A 516 — — Marseilles Aix-en-Provence — —
A 520 — — A52 Auriol — —
A 557 — — One-direction ring of Marseilles downtown Error: Invalid date "from 1969 to 1974". current

Others

[edit]
A10 autoroute near Paris
A13 in the outskirts of Caen

Radio coverage

[edit]
The complete coverage map of FM 107.7.

The FM 107.7 radio coverage is available in 2017 on 8902 kilometres of the (ASFA) network.[3] This is a list of highways that are updated in 107.7 FM every 15 minutes, live 24/7 (if the highway is said alone, it means that the station covers all around it):

Sanef 107.7 (1850km)

[edit]
Nord
  • A1: Roissy-en-France - Carvin
  • A2: A1 - Hordain
  • A16: L'Isle-d'Adam - Boulogne-sur-Mer
  • A26: Calais - Saint-Quentin
  • A29: Neufchâtel-en-Bray - Saint-Quentin
Est
Ouest
  • A13: Orgeval - Caen
  • A14: Carrières-sur-Seine - Orgeval
  • A29: (Beuzeville - Saint-Saëns; outside Normandy)
  • A132
  • A139
  • A154
  • A813

Autoroute INFO (2487km)

[edit]
Centre-Est (live from Dijon)
  • A5: Lieusant - Langres
  • A6: Fleury-en-Bière - Limonest
  • A19: Courtenay - Sens
  • A26: northern Troyes - southern Troyes
  • A31: Beaune - Toul
  • A36: Beaune - Mulhouse
  • A39: Dijon - Bourg-en-Bresse
  • A40: Mâcon - Bellegarde
  • A46: Anse - Vaulx-en-Velin
  • A71: Bourges - Clermont-Ferrand
  • A77: A6 - Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire
  • A105
  • A311
  • A391
  • A406
  • A411
  • A430
  • A714
Rhône-Alpes (live from Chambéry)
  • A40: Bellegarde - Le Fayet
  • A41: Genève - Chambéry - Grenoble
  • A42: Bourg-en-Bresse - Vaulx-en-Velin
  • A43: Saint-Priest - Chambéry - Tunnel du Fréjus
  • A48: Bourgoin-Jallieu - Saint-Égrève
  • A49
  • A51: Le Pont de Claix - Col du Fau

Environment

[edit]

99% of the privately managed network is protected by natural fencing.[3]

Privately managed motorways have 1764 wildlife crossing structures.[3]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Bilan de l'accidentalité de l'année 2015
  2. ^ a b c d e 2017 CHIFFRES CLÉS (PDF) (Report) (in French). Association des sociétés françaises d'autoroutes - ASFA. 2017.
  3. ^ a b c d e 2018 CHIFFRES CLÉS (PDF) (Report) (in French). Association des sociétés françaises d'autoroutes - ASFA. 2018.
  4. ^ "Statistics - Eurostat". Eurostat. Retrieved 2024-03-01.
  5. ^ a b ICTAAL INSTRUCTION SUR LES CONDITIONS TECHNIQUES D'AMÉNAGEMENT DES AUTOROUTES DE LIAISON (PDF) (Report) (in French). Sétra - Service d'études sur les transports, les routes et leurs aménagements. 12 December 2000 – via DTRF - Documentation des Techniques Routières Françaises.
  6. ^ by definition motorways are forbidden to pedestrians
  7. ^ a b c d 2016 SÉCURITÉ SUR AUTOROUTE - ACCIDENTS MORTELS - CHIFFRES CLÉS (PDF) (Report) (in French). Association des sociétés françaises d'autoroutes - ASFA. 2016.
  8. ^ a b c d 2016 SÉCURITÉ SUR AUTOROUTE - ANALYSE DES ACCIDENTS MORTELS ET CORPORELS (PDF) (Report) (in French). Association des sociétés françaises d'autoroutes - ASFA. 2016.
  9. ^ "État de l'insécurité routière | Observatoire national interministériel de la sécurité routière". Observatoire national interministériel de la sécurité routière (in French).
  10. ^ Code de la route : Chapitre Ier : Autoroutes. (Articles R421-1 à R421-10), retrieved 6 August 2022, I.-L'accès des autoroutes est interdit à la circulation :
  11. ^ "Gilet et triangle de sécurité". Ministère de l'Économie des Finances et de la Souveraineté industrielle et numérique (in French). 23 October 2020.
  12. ^ Press release of 12-14-2005 Archived November 20, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
[edit]

Media related to Autoroutes in France at Wikimedia Commons

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