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{{Short description|Prussian Lithuanian painter}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2024}}
'''Pranas Domšaitis''' (born '''Franz Karl Wilhelm Domscheit''', 15 August 1880 – 14 November 1965) was a [[Prussian Lithuanians|Prussian Lithuanian]] painter.
'''Pranas Domšaitis''' (born '''Franz Karl Wilhelm Domscheit''', 15 August 1880 – 14 November 1965) was a [[Prussian Lithuanians|Prussian Lithuanian]] painter.


Born in [[Guryevsky District, Kaliningrad Oblast|Cropiens]], a village in the [[Kingdom of Prussia]] near its border with [[Lithuania]], Domšaitis spent his first 27 years as a farmer.<ref name=gallery>{{cite web|title=Artist Pranas Domšaitis (1880–1965)|publisher=[[Lithuanian Art Museum]] - Pranas Domšaitis Gallery|url=http://www.ldm.lt/PDG/P_Domsaitis_en.htm|accessdate=2009-12-21|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081005120919/http://www.ldm.lt/PDG/P_Domsaitis_en.htm|archivedate=5 October 2008|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref name=litu/> Under the sponsorship of [[Max Liebermann]] he enrolled at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts in [[Königsberg]] in 1907, graduating in 1910; this was his first formal schooling.<ref name=litu/> He then travelled to, and studied at, various European capitals; he was strongly influenced by a meeting with [[Edvard Munch]].<ref name=litu/> He befriended and travelled with the artist [[Fritz Ascher]] from [[Berlin]], who drew a portrait of him in 1919/20. He spent [[World War I]] partially on his parents' farm and partially in military service, and then resumed his travels and artistic career. His successful exhibitions in Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Romania, and Turkey were disastrously followed by his inclusion in a 1937 exhibition of [[Degenerate art]] and the removal of his works from German museums.<ref name=litu/> In 1938 he began signing his pictures using the Lithuanian version of his name (he had taken Lithuanian citizenship in 1920).<ref name=litu/> He spent the war painting "harmless" [[still life]]s. In 1949 the [[University of Cape Town]] in [[South Africa]] offered his wife, the singer [[Adelheid Armhold]], a position as a senior lecturer. He spent the rest of his life there.<ref name=gallery/><ref name=litu/>
Born in [[Guryevsky District, Kaliningrad Oblast|Cropiens]] (now in [[Guryevsky District, Kaliningrad Oblast|Guryevsky District]]), a village in the [[East Prussia]] near [[Königsberg]], Domšaitis spent his first 27 years as a farmer.<ref name=gallery>{{cite web|title=Artist Pranas Domšaitis (1880–1965)|publisher=[[Lithuanian Art Museum]] - Pranas Domšaitis Gallery|url=http://www.ldm.lt/PDG/P_Domsaitis_en.htm|accessdate=2009-12-21|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081005120919/http://www.ldm.lt/PDG/P_Domsaitis_en.htm|archivedate=5 October 2008|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref name=litu/> Under the sponsorship of [[Max Liebermann]] he enrolled at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts in [[Königsberg]] in 1907, graduating in 1910; this was his first formal schooling.<ref name=litu/> He then travelled to, and studied at, various European capitals; he was strongly influenced by a meeting with [[Edvard Munch]].<ref name=litu/> He befriended and travelled with the artist [[Fritz Ascher]] from [[Berlin]], who drew a portrait of him in 1919/20. He spent [[World War I]] partially on his parents' farm and partially in military service, and then resumed his travels and artistic career. His successful exhibitions in Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Romania, and Turkey were disastrously followed by his inclusion in a 1937 exhibition of [[Degenerate art]] and the removal of his works from German museums.<ref name=litu/> In 1938 he began signing his pictures using the Lithuanian version of his name (he had taken Lithuanian citizenship in 1920).<ref name=litu/> He spent the war painting "harmless" [[still life]]s. In 1949 the [[University of Cape Town]] in [[South Africa]] offered his wife, the singer [[Adelheid Armhold]], a position as a senior lecturer. He spent the rest of his life there.<ref name=gallery/><ref name=litu/>


His youthful style has been described as romantic realism or as spiritual impressionism, his later as a melding of "...[[Chagall]]'s enchanting visions, the guileless piety of [[Rouault]], the resonant colour of the [[expressionist]]s, and the intuitive wisdom of the peasant."<ref name=litu/> Landscapes and village life were frequent themes, along with Christian narratives, particularly the [[Annunciation]], the [[Crucifixion of Jesus|Crucifixion]], and the [[Flight into Egypt]].<ref name=litu/>
His youthful style has been described as romantic realism or as spiritual impressionism, his later as a melding of "...[[Chagall]]'s enchanting visions, the guileless piety of [[Georges Rouault|Rouault]], the resonant colour of the [[expressionist]]s, and the intuitive wisdom of the peasant."<ref name=litu/> Landscapes and village life were frequent themes, along with Christian narratives, particularly the [[Annunciation]], the [[Crucifixion of Jesus|Crucifixion]], and the [[Flight into Egypt]].<ref name=litu/>


Domšaitis's works are held at the Pranas Domšaitis Gallery in [[Klaipėda]], [[Lithuania]], the [[M. K. Čiurlionis National Art Museum]] in [[Kaunas]], [[Lithuania]], the [[Pretoria Art Museum]], the National Gallery of [[Zimbabwe]], and the National Gallery in Berlin, among others. Many of his interwar works have disappeared.<ref name=mus>{{cite web|title=Permanent exhibition of Pranas Domšaitis works|publisher=[[Lithuanian Art Museum]] |url=http://www.ldm.lt/PDG/PD_parmanent_en.htm|accessdate=2009-12-20}}</ref>
Domšaitis's works are held at the Pranas Domšaitis Gallery in [[Klaipėda]], [[Lithuania]], the [[M. K. Čiurlionis National Art Museum]] in [[Kaunas]], [[Lithuania]], the [[Pretoria Art Museum]], the National Gallery of [[Zimbabwe]], and the National Gallery in Berlin, among others. Many of his interwar works have disappeared.<ref name=mus>{{cite web|title=Permanent exhibition of Pranas Domšaitis works|publisher=[[Lithuanian Art Museum]]|url=http://www.ldm.lt/PDG/PD_parmanent_en.htm|accessdate=2009-12-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090821004950/http://www.ldm.lt/PDG/PD_parmanent_en.htm|archive-date=21 August 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
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[[Category:1965 deaths]]
[[Category:1965 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Guryevsky District, Kaliningrad Oblast]]
[[Category:People from Guryevsky District, Kaliningrad Oblast]]
[[Category:People from East Prussia]]
[[Category:Artists from East Prussia]]
[[Category:20th-century Lithuanian painters]]
[[Category:20th-century Lithuanian painters]]
[[Category:20th-century German painters]]
[[Category:20th-century German painters]]
[[Category:Lithuanian emigrants to South Africa]]
[[Category:20th-century male artists]]
[[Category:Emigrants from Nazi Germany]]
[[Category:Immigrants to South Africa]]

Latest revision as of 19:08, 20 May 2024

Pranas Domšaitis (born Franz Karl Wilhelm Domscheit, 15 August 1880 – 14 November 1965) was a Prussian Lithuanian painter.

Born in Cropiens (now in Guryevsky District), a village in the East Prussia near Königsberg, Domšaitis spent his first 27 years as a farmer.[1][2] Under the sponsorship of Max Liebermann he enrolled at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts in Königsberg in 1907, graduating in 1910; this was his first formal schooling.[2] He then travelled to, and studied at, various European capitals; he was strongly influenced by a meeting with Edvard Munch.[2] He befriended and travelled with the artist Fritz Ascher from Berlin, who drew a portrait of him in 1919/20. He spent World War I partially on his parents' farm and partially in military service, and then resumed his travels and artistic career. His successful exhibitions in Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Romania, and Turkey were disastrously followed by his inclusion in a 1937 exhibition of Degenerate art and the removal of his works from German museums.[2] In 1938 he began signing his pictures using the Lithuanian version of his name (he had taken Lithuanian citizenship in 1920).[2] He spent the war painting "harmless" still lifes. In 1949 the University of Cape Town in South Africa offered his wife, the singer Adelheid Armhold, a position as a senior lecturer. He spent the rest of his life there.[1][2]

His youthful style has been described as romantic realism or as spiritual impressionism, his later as a melding of "...Chagall's enchanting visions, the guileless piety of Rouault, the resonant colour of the expressionists, and the intuitive wisdom of the peasant."[2] Landscapes and village life were frequent themes, along with Christian narratives, particularly the Annunciation, the Crucifixion, and the Flight into Egypt.[2]

Domšaitis's works are held at the Pranas Domšaitis Gallery in Klaipėda, Lithuania, the M. K. Čiurlionis National Art Museum in Kaunas, Lithuania, the Pretoria Art Museum, the National Gallery of Zimbabwe, and the National Gallery in Berlin, among others. Many of his interwar works have disappeared.[3]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h Drunga, Mykolas (Winter 1981). "Pranas Domšaitis: Rediscovered Scion of Expressionism". Lituanus. 27 (4). ISSN 0024-5089.
  2. ^ "Permanent exhibition of Pranas Domšaitis works". Lithuanian Art Museum. Archived from the original on 21 August 2009. Retrieved 20 December 2009.
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