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{{Short description|Maliki Islamic scholar (1394–1453)}}
{{AFC submission|||ts=20190714092828|u=Friedrich20|ns=118}}
{{Other uses|Boushaki}}
{{Other uses|Boushaki (disambiguation){{!}}Boushaki}}

{{Infobox theologian
{{Infobox theologian
| honorific_prefix =
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Sidi Brahim Boushaki
| name = Sidi Brahim Boushaki
| honorific_suffix =
| honorific_suffix =
| image =
| image = Ourdjouzate Sidi Boushaki أرجوزة سيدي بوسحاقي - شرح قطر الندى ابن هشام.jpg
| image_size =
| image_size =
| alt =
| alt =
| caption = Book of Sidi Boushaki
| caption = Sidi Boushaki
| native_name = إبراهيم بن فايد الزواوي
| native_name = {{Lang|ar|إبراهيم بن فايد الزواوي}}
| native_name_lang = Arabic
| native_name_lang = ar
| birth_name =
| birth_name = Ibrahim Ibn Faïd Ez-Zaouaoui
| birth_date = 1394 {{Smallcaps|ce}}/796 {{Smallcaps|ah}}
| birth_date = 1394 CE/796 AH
| birth_place = [[Thenia]], [[Algeria]]
| birth_place = [[Soumâa, Thenia]], Algeria
| death_date = 1453 {{Smallcaps|ce}}/857 {{Smallcaps|ah}}
| death_date = 1453 CE/857 AH
| death_place = [[Thenia]], [[Algeria]]
| death_place = Soumâa, Thenia, Algeria
| region = [[Kabylie]]
| nationality =
| nationality =
| education =
| education = [[Zawiyet Sidi Boushaki]]
| occupation =
| occupation = {{Hlist |[[Imam]] | [[faqih]] | [[Linguistics|linguist]] | [[Sufism|Sufi]] }}
| period = 1394 - 1453
| period = 1394–1453
| notable_works =
| notable_works =
| spouse =
| spouse =
| children =
| children =
| era =
| era = {{Hlist | [[Zayyanid dynasty]] | [[Hafsid dynasty]] | [[Kingdom of Koukou]] }}
| language = [[Amazigh]] - [[Arabic]]
| language = [[Amazigh]]–[[Arabic]]
| tradition_movement =
| tradition_movement = {{Hlist | [[Sufism in Algeria]] | [[Qadiriyya]] }}
| school_tradition = [[Islam]]
| school_tradition = [[Islam]]
| main_interests = [[Fiqh]]
| main_interests = {{Hlist | [[Tafsir]] | [[Maliki]] [[fiqh]] | [[Arabic language]] | [[Arabic grammar]]}}
| notable_ideas =
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| signature_size =
}}
}}
'''Sidi Boushaki'''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/2012._201808/page/n23/mode/2up|title=2012 توشيح الديباج وحلية الابتهاج ، محمد بن يحيى القرافي ، ت د. علي عمر|via=Internet Archive}}</ref> or '''Ibrahim Ibn Faïd Ez-Zaouaoui'''<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Xy10DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA378|title=شجرة النور الزكية في طبقات المالكية 1-2 ج1|first=محمد بن محمد|last=مخلوف ،الشيخ|date=January 1, 2010|publisher=Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية|via=Google Books|isbn=9782745137340}}</ref> ({{Langx|ar|إبراهيم بن فايد الزواوي}}) (1394 CE/796 AH – 1453 CE/857 AH) was a [[Maliki]] [[theologian]] born near the town of [[Thenia]], {{cvt|54|km}} east of [[Algiers]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ar.wikisource.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85_%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D9%87%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%85|title=نظم قواعد الإعراب لابن هشام - ويكي مصدر|website=ar.wikisource.org}}</ref> He was raised in a very spiritual environment with high Islamic values and ethics within the [[Algerian Islamic reference]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/Dawou_Lami/Dwu_Lamea_01/page/n118|title=الضوء اللامع لأهل القرن التاسع|via=Internet Archive}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OOfiDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA177|title=التصوف والطرق الصوفية|first1=عبد الكريم|last1=بليل|first2=مركز الكتاب|last2=الاكاديمي|date=January 1, 2018|publisher=مركز الكتاب الأكاديمي|isbn=9789957353346|via=Google Books}}</ref>
'''Sidi Brahim Boushaki'''<ref>https://books.google.dz/books?id=Xy10DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA378#v=onepage&q&f=false</ref> (1394 {{Smallcaps|ce}}/796 {{Smallcaps|ah}} – 1453 {{Smallcaps|ce}}/857 {{Smallcaps|ah}}) was born near the town of [[Thenia]], 54&nbsp;km east of [[Algiers]]. He was raised in a very spiritual environment with high Islamic values and ethics.<ref>https://archive.org/stream/Dawou_Lami/Dwu_Lamea_01#page/n118/mode/2up</ref>

== Birth and lineage ==
Sidi Boushaki Ez-Zaouaoui was born in 1394 CE in the [[Col des Beni Aïcha]], at the village of [[Soumâa]] within the region of [[Thenia|Tizi Naïth Aïcha]], in the [[Khachna massif]], an extension of [[Djurdjura]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ab9KDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA51|title=نيل الابتهاج بتطريز الديباج|date=January 2013 |publisher=Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية |isbn=9782745174758 |via=Internet Archive}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0joiDgAAQBAJ&pg=PT52|title=الضوء اللامع لأهل القرن التاسع- الجزء الأول|first=شمس الدين محمد بن عبد الرحمن بن محمد|last=السخاوي|date=March 1, 1936|publisher=ktab INC.|via=Google Books}}</ref>

His extended lineage is Abu Ishaq Ibrahim bin Faïd bin Moussa bin Omar bin Saïd bin Allal bin Saïd al-Zawawi.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tfZHDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA185|title=تحريم نهب أموال المعاهدين للنصارى|first=محمد عبد الله بن زيدان بن|last=غالي/البوصادي|date=January 1, 2012|publisher=Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية|isbn=9782745175977|via=Google Books}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HQh7DwAAQBAJ&pg=PT94|title=الضوء اللامع لأهل القرن التاسع 1-6 ج1|first=شمس الدين محمد بن عبد|last=الرحمن/السخاوي|date=January 1, 2003|publisher=Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية|isbn=9782745137135|via=Google Books}}</ref>


== Biography ==
== Biography ==
[[File:برج الرومان.jpg|thumb|[[Casbah]] of [[Bejaïa]]]]
Sidi Boushaki Ez-Zaouaoui was born in 1394 {{Smallcaps|ce}} in Aïth Aïcha, at [[Thenia|Tizi Naïth Aïcha]], in the Khechna massif, an extension of [[Djurdjura]]<ref>https://archive.org/stream/Neilu_AlIbtihaj_Bi_Tatriz_Dibaj/nayl-alibtihaj-bitatriz-addibaj#page/n56/mode/2up</ref>.
He began his studies in the village of [[Thala Oufella]] (Soumâa) in Thénia in 1398 CE, before joining [[Béjaïa]] in 1404 CE, very young, to continue his studies.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/Tarikh.Al-jazair.Al-am|title=كتاب تاريخ الجزائر العام للشيخ عبد الرحمان الجيلالي|via=Internet Archive}}</ref>


There he studied the [[Quran]] and the [[Maliki]] [[fiqh]] as a pupil with {{interlanguage link|Ali Menguelleti|ar|علي آيت منقلات}}, a recognized [[theologian]] from [[Kabylie]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/do-dorrat-al7ijal|title=do-dorrat-al7ijal|publisher=www.dorat-ghawas.com|via=Internet Archive}}</ref>
He began his studies in the village of Soumâa (Thala Oufella) in Thénia in 1398 {{Smallcaps|ce}}, before joining [[Béjaïa]] in 1404 {{Smallcaps|ce}}, very young, to continue his studies<ref>https://archive.org/stream/Tarikh.Al-jazair.Al-am/kitab#page/n541/mode/2up</ref>.


[[Béjaïa]] was then at the beginning of the fifteenth century a religious center and a place of influence of [[Sufism]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/chajarat-annour|title=شجرة النور الزكية في طبقات المالكية - محمد مخلوف ( نسخة واضحة ومنسقة )|via=Internet Archive}}</ref>
There he studied the [[Quran]] and the [[Maliki]] [[fiqh]] as a pupil with "Ali Menguelleti", a recognized [[theologian]] from [[Kabylie]]<ref>https://archive.org/stream/do-dorrat-al7ijal/dorrat-al7ijal-1#page/n223/mode/2up</ref>.


He made his destination in 1415 to [[Tunis]], where he deepened his knowledge of [[Maliki]] [[Madhhab]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://al-maktaba.org/book/34174/296|title=ص160 - كتاب معجم أعلام الجزائر - إبراهيم بن فائد بن موسى بن عمر بن سعيد أبو اسحاق الزواوي القسنطيني - المكتبة الشاملة الحديثة|website=al-maktaba.org}}</ref>
[[Béjaïa]] was then at the beginning of the fifteenth century a religious center and a place of influence of [[Sufism]]<ref>https://archive.org/stream/chajarat-annour/chajarat-nour-01#page/n261/mode/2up</ref>.


There he studied the [[tafsir]] of the [[Quran]] at the judge Abu Abdallah Al Kalchani, and he received the Maliki fiqh from Yaakub Ez-Zaghbi.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n75jDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA97|title=موسوعة العلماء و الأدباء الجزائريين. الجزء الثاني، من حرف الدال إلى حرف الياء|date=January 1, 2014|publisher=Al Manhal|via=Google Books|isbn=9796500167794}}</ref>
He made his destination in 1415 to [[Tunis]], where he deepened his knowledge of [[Maliki]] [[Madhhab]]<ref>https://al-maktaba.org/book/34174/296</ref>.


There he studied the [[tafsir]] of the [[Quran]] at the judge Abu Abdallah Al Kalchani, and he received the Maliki fiqh from Yaakub Ez-Zaghbi<ref>https://books.google.dz/books?id=n75jDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA97#v=onepage&q&f=false</ref>.
He was a student of Abdelwahed Al Fariani in the foundations (Oussoul) of [[Islam]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PsQmDwAAQBAJ&pg=PP7|title=(معجم المؤلفين (علماء|publisher=ktab INC.|via=Google Books}}</ref>


He returned in 1420 to the mountains of [[Béjaïa]] where he deepened in [[Arabic]] at Abd El Aali Ibn Ferradj.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.taraajem.com/persons/127936|title=موسوعة التراجم والأعلام - إبراهيم بن فائد بن موسى بن عمر بن سعيد بن علال بن سعيد النبروني الزواوي|website=www.taraajem.com}}</ref>
He was a student of Abdelwahed Al Fariani in the foundations (Oussoul) of [[Islam]]<ref>https://books.google.dz/books?id=PsQmDwAAQBAJ&pg=PP7#v=onepage&q&f=false</ref>.


He went to [[Constantine, Algeria|Constantine]] in 1423 where he lived for many years, and he received the teachings in the Muslim faith ([[Aqidah]]) and logic in "Abu Zeid Abderrahmane", nicknamed "El Bez".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KgFKCwAAQBAJ&pg=PT73|title=الموسوعة الميسرة في تراجم أئمة التفسير والإقراء والنحو واللغة|publisher=IslamKotob|via=Google Books}}</ref>
He returned in 1420 to the mountains of [[Béjaïa]] where he deepened in [[Arabic]] at Abd El Aali Ibn Ferradj<ref>http://www.taraajem.com/persons/127936</ref>.


He studied [[prose]], [[Poetry|verse]], [[fiqh]] and the majority of the theological sciences of the time at {{interlanguage link|Ibn Marzuq El Hafid|ar|ابن مرزوق الحفيد}} (1365 - 1439), the [[Maghreb]] and [[Tlemcen]] scholar who had visited Constantine to preach his knowledge, not to be confused with his father [[Ibn Marzuq|Ibn Marzuq El Khatib]] (1310 - 1379).<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ab9KDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA51|title=نيل الابتهاج بتطريز الديباج|first=أحمد|last=بابا/التنبكتي|date=January 1, 2013|publisher=Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية|via=Google Books|isbn=9782745174758}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tasfia-tarbia.org/vb/showthread.php?t=13227|title=من شيوخ وتلاميذ ابن مرزوق الحفيد رحمه الله - منتديات التصفية والتربية السلفية|website=www.tasfia-tarbia.org}}</ref>
He went to [[Constantine]] in 1423 where he lived for many years, and he received the teachings in the Muslim faith (Aslain) and logic in "Abu Zeid Abderrahmane", nicknamed "El Bez"<ref>https://books.google.dz/books?id=KgFKCwAAQBAJ&pg=PT73#v=onepage&q&f=false</ref>.


He joined [[Mecca]] for [[Hajj|pilgrimage]] and study, then moved to [[Damascus]] where he attended the teachings of Imam [[Ibn al-Jazari]] in the [[Qiraat|sciences of the Qur'an]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vitaminedz.com/إبراهيم-بن-فائد-القسنطيني/Articles_16840_248830_0_1.html|title=إبراهيم بن فائد القسنطيني|website=vitaminedz.com}}</ref>
He studied [[prose]], [[verse]], [[fiqh]] and the majority of the theological sciences of the time at Ibn Marzouk El Hafid (ar) (1365 - 1439), the Maghreb scholar who had visited [[Constantine]] to preach his knowledge, not to be confused with his father [[Ibn Marzuq|Ibn Marzuq El Khatib]] (1310 - 1379)<ref>https://books.google.dz/books?id=ab9KDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA51#v=onepage&q&f=false</ref>.


He died in 1453, and was buried in the [[Thenia]] Mountains near [[Zawiyet Sidi Boushaki]] in his native [[Kabyle people|Kabyle]] tribe of the [[Igawawen]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ar.islamway.net/article/72502|title=ثلة من علماء قسنطينة|website=ar.islamway.net}}</ref>
He joined [[Mecca]] for [[pilgrimage]] and study<ref>https://www.vitaminedz.com/%D8%A5%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%85-%D8%A8%D9%86-%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A/Articles_16840_248830_0_1.html</ref>.


== Zawiya ==
He died in 1453, and was buried in the [[Thenia]] Mountains in his native [[Kabyle]] tribe<ref>https://ar.islamway.net/article/72502/%D8%AB%D9%84%D8%A9-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D9%82%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A9</ref>.
{{Main|Zawiyet Sidi Boushaki}}
{{See also|Zawiyas in Algeria|Sufism in Algeria|Qadiriyya|Rahmaniyya}}
Back in [[Kabylia]] during the last few years of his life, Sidi Boushaki then founded a [[Zawiya (institution)|zawiya]] in which he taught his disciples ([[murid]]s) according to the [[Qadiriyya]] [[Sufi brotherhood]] of [[Sunni]] [[Sufism]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://wikimapia.org/39601305/Zaou%C3%AFa-of-Sidi-Boushaki|title=Zaouïa of Sidi Boushaki|website=wikimapia.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.depechedekabylie.com/national/175021-proteger-imperativement-notre-referent-religieux/|title=Boumerdès|first=La|last=Rédaction|date=April 13, 2017}}</ref>

This zawiya was a place of intellectual and spiritual influence throughout the [[lower Kabylia]] by its teachings and initiation courses provided in this region surrounded by [[Oued Isser]] and [[Oued Meraldene]] in front of [[Mediterranean Sea]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://wikimonde.com/article/Zaou%C3%AFa_de_Sidi_Boushaki|title=Zaouïa de Sidi Boushaki - Wikimonde|website=wikimonde.com}}</ref><ref>http://dev.worldpossible.org:81/wikipedia_fr_all_2015-11/A/Ibrahim_Ibn_Fa%C3%AFd.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411091939/http://dev.worldpossible.org:81/wikipedia_fr_all_2015-11/A/Ibrahim_Ibn_Fa%C3%AFd.html |date=2021-04-11 }} {{Bare URL inline|date=August 2024}}</ref>

The [[Sufi order]] of Qadiriyya was hardly followed in this zawiya for three centuries until the tariqa [[Rahmaniyya]] took over in the [[Algérois]] region and Kabylia as a model of the ascetic course.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://abdenour-boushaki.blogspot.com/2019/07/sidi-boushaki.html|title=Sidi Boushaki}}</ref><ref>https://arachne.uni-koeln.de/Tei-Viewer/cgi-bin/teiviewer.php?manifest=BOOK-ZID874712 {{Bare URL inline|date=August 2024}}</ref>

== Works ==
His works cover several aspects of the Islamic sciences, including:

=== [[tafsir|Exegesis]] and [[Qiraat|Qur'anic sciences]] (al-tafsîr wa al-qirâ'ât) ===
* ''Tafsir al-Zawawi'' is an interpretation ([[tafsir]]) of the [[Quran]] ({{langx|ar|تفسير الزواوي}}).<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R51uDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT17|title=طبقات المفسرين|first=شمس الدين محمد بن علي بن|last=أحمد/الداوودي|date=January 1, 2002|publisher=Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية|isbn=9782745133281|via=Google Books}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/fresh_soul2030_yahoo_20170628|title=كشف الظنون|via=Internet Archive}}</ref>

=== [[Islamic Law]] ([[fiqh]]) ===
* ''Tuhfat Al-Mushtaq'' is a brief explanation of [[Mukhtasar Khalil]] in [[Maliki]] [[Fiqh|jurisprudence]] ({{langx|ar|تحفة المشتاق في شرح مختصر خليل}}).<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9fFHDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA31|title=نور اليقين في شرح حديث أولياء الله المتقين (سلسلة الرسائل والدراسات الجامعية)|first=محمد بن أحمد العجيسي/ابن مرزوق|last=الحفيد|date=January 1, 2016|publisher=Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية|isbn=9782745101891|via=Google Books}}</ref>
* ''Facilitating the Path for an extract of the flowers of Rawd Khalil'' is an explanation of Mukhtasar Khalil's summary of Maliki jurisprudence ({{langx|ar|تسهيل السبيل لمقتطف أزهار روض خليل}}).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/Boutlaihia|title=نظم بوطليحية|via=Internet Archive}}</ref>
* ''Flood of the Nile'' is an explanation of Mukhtasar Khalil's summary of Maliki jurisprudence ({{langx|ar|فيض النيل}}).<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7ipNDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA37|title=الألفية الصغيرة المسماة الحديقة في علوم الحديث الشريف|first=محمد بن أحمد العجيسي/ابن مرزوق|last=الحفيد|date=January 1, 2018|publisher=Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية|isbn=9782745185723|via=Google Books}}</ref>

=== [[Arabic Language]] ===
* [[Poem of Sidi Boushaki|Poem in explaining the rules of grammatical parsing]] of the book [[Expressing the Arabic grammar rules]] on [[Arabic grammar]] by [[Ibn Hisham al-Ansari]] ({{langx|ar|نظم قواعد الإعراب لابن هشام}}).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/zawawi_201803|title=أرجوزة نظم قواعد الإعراب الزواوي|via=Internet Archive}}</ref>
* ''Talkhis al-Talkhis'' is an explanation of the book [[Talkhis al-Miftah]] on [[rhetoric]], meanings and statement ({{langx|ar|تلخيص التلخيص}}).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/kori-zawawi|title=شرح منظومة الزواوي|via=Internet Archive}}</ref>
* Book explaining the book [[Al-Alfiyya of Ibn Malik]] on [[syntax]] by [[Ibn Malik]] ({{langx|ar|شرح ألفية ابن مالك}}).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/24_20191204_201912|title=الجامع الحاوي لمعاني نظم الزواوي إعداد وتقديم الفقيه الحسين بلفقيه|date=December 3, 2019|via=Internet Archive}}</ref>

==Gallery==
<gallery class="center" widths="200px" heights="160px">
File:Dam of Meraldene, Barrage de Merabtene, Thenia, Kabylie.jpg|[[Meraldene]] valley and dam on [[Meraldene River]]
</gallery>

==See also==
* [[Algerian Islamic reference]]
* [[Sidi Abderrahmane Thaalibi]]
* [[Zawiyas in Algeria]]
* [[Malikism in Algeria]]
* [[Sufism in Algeria]]
* [[List of Arabic-language poets]]
* [[List of Quran interpreters]]
* [[List of Islamic jurists]]
* [[List of linguists]]
* [[Muslim scholarship (disambiguation)]]


== References ==
== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{Commons category|Sidi_Boushaki}}
{{reflist|2}}


== See also ==
==Sources==
* [https://ar.wikisource.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85_%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D9%87%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%85 Poem in explaining the rules of grammatical parsing by Ibn Hisham al-Ansari (نظم قواعد الإعراب لابن هشام للمؤلف سيدي بوسحاقي)]
* [[Mohamed Seghir Boushaki]]


== Further reading ==
{{authority control}}
* {{cite book
|last=Abdelkrim Bellil
|date=January 2018
|title=التصوف والطرق الصوفية
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OOfiDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA177
|location=
|publisher=مركز الكتاب الأكاديمي
|page=177
|isbn=9789957353346
}}


* {{cite book
[[Category:Algerian Sufi saints]]
|last=[[Ahmad Baba al-Timbukti]]
|date=
|title=نيل الابتهاج بتطريز الديباج
|url=https://archive.org/details/Neilu_AlIbtihaj_Bi_Tatriz_Dibaj/page/n56/mode/2up
|location=
|publisher=
|pages=56–57
}}

* {{cite book
|last=[[Al-Sakhawi]]
|date=
|title=الضوء اللامع لأهل القرن التاسع، الجزء الثاني
|url=https://archive.org/details/Dawou_Lami/Dwu_Lamea_01/page/n118/mode/2up
|location=
|publisher=
|page=116
}}

* {{cite book
|last=[[Umar Rida Kahhala]]
|date=
|title=معجم المؤلفين
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PsQmDwAAQBAJ&pg=PP7
|location=
|publisher=
|page=73
}}

* {{cite book
|last=[[Ahmad Ibn al-Qadi]]
|date=
|title=درة الحجال في أسماء الرجال
|url=https://archive.org/details/do-dorrat-al7ijal/dorrat-al7ijal-1/page/n223/mode/2up
|location=
|publisher=www.dorat-ghawas.com
|page=193
}}

* {{cite book
|last=Al-Qarafi
|date=
|title=توشيح الديباج وحلية الابتهاج
|url=https://archive.org/details/2012._201808/page/n23/mode/2up
|location=
|publisher=
|pages=25–26
}}

* {{cite book
|last=Ibn Makhlouf
|date=January 2010
|title=شجرة النور الزكية في طبقات المالكية، الجزء الأول
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Xy10DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA378
|location=
|publisher=Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية
|page=378
|isbn=9782745137340
}}

* {{cite book
|last=Abderrahmane Djilali
|date=
|title=كتاب تاريخ الجزائر العام
|url=https://archive.org/details/Tarikh.Al-jazair.Al-am/page/n541/mode/2up
|location=
|publisher=
|pages=120–121
}}

* {{cite book
|last=Rabah Khedoussi
|date=January 2014
|title=موسوعة العلماء والأدباء الجزائريين، الجزء الثاني
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n75jDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA97
|location=
|publisher=Al Manhal
|pages=97–98
|isbn=9796500167794
}}

* {{cite book
|last=Al-Zoubaïri
|date=
|title=الموسوعة الميسرة في تراجم أئمة التفسير والإقراء والنحو واللغة
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KgFKCwAAQBAJ&pg=PT73
|location=
|publisher=
|page=74
}}

* {{cite book
|last=Adel Newihedh
|date=
|title=معجم أعلام الجزائر من صدر الإسلام حتى العصرالحاضر
|url=https://archive.org/details/MoajamAlamAljazair/page/n160/mode/2up
|location=
|publisher=
|page=160
}}

* {{cite book
|last=Belkacem El Hafnaoui
|date=
|title=تعريف الخلف برجال السلف
|url=https://archive.org/details/TaarifKhalafBiRijalSalaf/page/n211/mode/2up
|location=
|publisher=
|pages=5–6
}}

* {{cite book
|last=Al-Dawudi
|date=January 2002
|title=طبقات المفسرين
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R51uDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT17
|location=
|publisher=Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية
|page=18
|isbn=9782745133281
}}

* {{cite book
|last=Ismaïl Bacha
|date=
|title=كشف الظنون
|url=https://archive.org/details/fresh_soul2030_yahoo_20170628/%D8%A5%D9%8A%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%AD%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%83%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86/page/n155/mode/2up
|location=
|publisher=
|page=205
}}

* {{cite book
|last=Ibn Marzuq al-Hafid
|date=January 2018
|title=الألفية الصغيرة المسماة الحديقة في علوم الحديث الشريف
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7ipNDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA37
|location=
|publisher=Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية
|page=37
|isbn=9782745185723
}}

* {{cite book
|last=Ibn Marzuq al-Hafid
|date=January 2016
|title=نور اليقين في شرح حديث أولياء الله المتقين
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9fFHDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA31
|location=
|publisher=Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية
|page=31
|isbn=9782745101891
}}

* {{cite book
|last=Al-Ghallaoui
|date=
|title=نظم بوطليحية
|url=https://archive.org/details/Boutlaihia/page/n83/mode/2up
|location=
|publisher=
|page=83
}}

==External links==
* {{YouTube|4GFksPnZ21M|1- Biography of Sidi Boushaki (1394-1453)}}
* {{YouTube|nasJ0roDFac|2- Biography of Sidi Boushaki}}
* {{YouTube|7a-kVGdR1rY|3- Biography of Sidi Boushaki}}
* {{YouTube|gEpddqSnvwY|4- Biography of Sidi Boushaki}}
* {{YouTube|iPO12bLkbe4|5- Biography of Sidi Boushaki}}

{{Zawiyas in Algeria}}
{{Sufi}}
{{Ash'ari}}
{{Maliki scholars}}
{{Portal bar|Biography|Algeria|Africa|Islam|Linguistics|Literature|Poetry}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Boushaki, Sidi}}
[[Category:1394 births]]
[[Category:1394 births]]
[[Category:People from Thénia]]
[[Category:Kabyle people]]
[[Category:Boushaki family]]
[[Category:1453 deaths]]
[[Category:1453 deaths]]
[[Category:Berber scholars]]
[[Category:Zawiyet Sidi Boushaki alumni]]
[[Category:14th-century Berber people]]
[[Category:15th-century Berber people]]
[[Category:15th-century Berber people]]
[[Category:Algerian Sufi saints]]

[[Category:Asharism in Algeria]]
{{Algeria-reli-bio-stub}}
[[Category:Berber scholars]]
[[Category:Algerian Sufis]]
[[Category:Algerian Maliki scholars]]
[[Category:Algerian imams]]

Latest revision as of 09:13, 13 December 2024

For other uses, see Boushaki.
Sidi Brahim Boushaki
إبراهيم بن فايد الزواوي
Born
Ibrahim Ibn Faïd Ez-Zaouaoui

1394 CE/796 AH
Soumâa, Thenia, Algeria
Died1453 CE/857 AH
Soumâa, Thenia, Algeria
EducationZawiyet Sidi Boushaki
Occupations
Years active1394–1453
Theological work
Era
LanguageAmazigh–Arabic
Tradition or movement
Main interests

Sidi Boushaki[1] or Ibrahim Ibn Faïd Ez-Zaouaoui[2] (Arabic: إبراهيم بن فايد الزواوي) (1394 CE/796 AH – 1453 CE/857 AH) was a Maliki theologian born near the town of Thenia, 54 km (34 mi) east of Algiers.[3] He was raised in a very spiritual environment with high Islamic values and ethics within the Algerian Islamic reference.[4][5]

Birth and lineage

[edit]

Sidi Boushaki Ez-Zaouaoui was born in 1394 CE in the Col des Beni Aïcha, at the village of Soumâa within the region of Tizi Naïth Aïcha, in the Khachna massif, an extension of Djurdjura.[6][7]

His extended lineage is Abu Ishaq Ibrahim bin Faïd bin Moussa bin Omar bin Saïd bin Allal bin Saïd al-Zawawi.[8][9]

Biography

[edit]
Casbah of Bejaïa

He began his studies in the village of Thala Oufella (Soumâa) in Thénia in 1398 CE, before joining Béjaïa in 1404 CE, very young, to continue his studies.[10]

There he studied the Quran and the Maliki fiqh as a pupil with Ali Menguelleti [ar], a recognized theologian from Kabylie.[11]

Béjaïa was then at the beginning of the fifteenth century a religious center and a place of influence of Sufism.[12]

He made his destination in 1415 to Tunis, where he deepened his knowledge of Maliki Madhhab.[13]

There he studied the tafsir of the Quran at the judge Abu Abdallah Al Kalchani, and he received the Maliki fiqh from Yaakub Ez-Zaghbi.[14]

He was a student of Abdelwahed Al Fariani in the foundations (Oussoul) of Islam.[15]

He returned in 1420 to the mountains of Béjaïa where he deepened in Arabic at Abd El Aali Ibn Ferradj.[16]

He went to Constantine in 1423 where he lived for many years, and he received the teachings in the Muslim faith (Aqidah) and logic in "Abu Zeid Abderrahmane", nicknamed "El Bez".[17]

He studied prose, verse, fiqh and the majority of the theological sciences of the time at Ibn Marzuq El Hafid [ar] (1365 - 1439), the Maghreb and Tlemcen scholar who had visited Constantine to preach his knowledge, not to be confused with his father Ibn Marzuq El Khatib (1310 - 1379).[18][19]

He joined Mecca for pilgrimage and study, then moved to Damascus where he attended the teachings of Imam Ibn al-Jazari in the sciences of the Qur'an.[20]

He died in 1453, and was buried in the Thenia Mountains near Zawiyet Sidi Boushaki in his native Kabyle tribe of the Igawawen[21]

Zawiya

[edit]
Main article: Zawiyet Sidi Boushaki
See also: Zawiyas in Algeria, Sufism in Algeria, Qadiriyya, and Rahmaniyya

Back in Kabylia during the last few years of his life, Sidi Boushaki then founded a zawiya in which he taught his disciples (murids) according to the Qadiriyya Sufi brotherhood of Sunni Sufism.[22][23]

This zawiya was a place of intellectual and spiritual influence throughout the lower Kabylia by its teachings and initiation courses provided in this region surrounded by Oued Isser and Oued Meraldene in front of Mediterranean Sea.[24][25]

The Sufi order of Qadiriyya was hardly followed in this zawiya for three centuries until the tariqa Rahmaniyya took over in the Algérois region and Kabylia as a model of the ascetic course.[26][27]

Works

[edit]

His works cover several aspects of the Islamic sciences, including:

Exegesis and Qur'anic sciences (al-tafsîr wa al-qirâ'ât)

[edit]

Islamic Law (fiqh)

[edit]
  • Tuhfat Al-Mushtaq is a brief explanation of Mukhtasar Khalil in Maliki jurisprudence (Arabic: تحفة المشتاق في شرح مختصر خليل).[30]
  • Facilitating the Path for an extract of the flowers of Rawd Khalil is an explanation of Mukhtasar Khalil's summary of Maliki jurisprudence (Arabic: تسهيل السبيل لمقتطف أزهار روض خليل).[31]
  • Flood of the Nile is an explanation of Mukhtasar Khalil's summary of Maliki jurisprudence (Arabic: فيض النيل).[32]

Arabic Language

[edit]
[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "2012 توشيح الديباج وحلية الابتهاج ، محمد بن يحيى القرافي ، ت د. علي عمر" – via Internet Archive.
  2. ^ مخلوف ،الشيخ, محمد بن محمد (January 1, 2010). شجرة النور الزكية في طبقات المالكية 1-2 ج1. Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية. ISBN 9782745137340 – via Google Books.
  3. ^ "نظم قواعد الإعراب لابن هشام - ويكي مصدر". ar.wikisource.org.
  4. ^ الضوء اللامع لأهل القرن التاسع – via Internet Archive.
  5. ^ بليل, عبد الكريم; الاكاديمي, مركز الكتاب (January 1, 2018). التصوف والطرق الصوفية. مركز الكتاب الأكاديمي. ISBN 9789957353346 – via Google Books.
  6. ^ نيل الابتهاج بتطريز الديباج. Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية. January 2013. ISBN 9782745174758 – via Internet Archive.
  7. ^ السخاوي, شمس الدين محمد بن عبد الرحمن بن محمد (March 1, 1936). "الضوء اللامع لأهل القرن التاسع- الجزء الأول". ktab INC. – via Google Books.
  8. ^ غالي/البوصادي, محمد عبد الله بن زيدان بن (January 1, 2012). تحريم نهب أموال المعاهدين للنصارى. Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية. ISBN 9782745175977 – via Google Books.
  9. ^ الرحمن/السخاوي, شمس الدين محمد بن عبد (January 1, 2003). الضوء اللامع لأهل القرن التاسع 1-6 ج1. Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية. ISBN 9782745137135 – via Google Books.
  10. ^ كتاب تاريخ الجزائر العام للشيخ عبد الرحمان الجيلالي – via Internet Archive.
  11. ^ do-dorrat-al7ijal. www.dorat-ghawas.com – via Internet Archive.
  12. ^ شجرة النور الزكية في طبقات المالكية - محمد مخلوف ( نسخة واضحة ومنسقة ) – via Internet Archive.
  13. ^ "ص160 - كتاب معجم أعلام الجزائر - إبراهيم بن فائد بن موسى بن عمر بن سعيد أبو اسحاق الزواوي القسنطيني - المكتبة الشاملة الحديثة". al-maktaba.org.
  14. ^ موسوعة العلماء و الأدباء الجزائريين. الجزء الثاني، من حرف الدال إلى حرف الياء. Al Manhal. January 1, 2014. ISBN 9796500167794 – via Google Books.
  15. ^ "(معجم المؤلفين (علماء". ktab INC. – via Google Books.
  16. ^ "موسوعة التراجم والأعلام - إبراهيم بن فائد بن موسى بن عمر بن سعيد بن علال بن سعيد النبروني الزواوي". www.taraajem.com.
  17. ^ "الموسوعة الميسرة في تراجم أئمة التفسير والإقراء والنحو واللغة". IslamKotob – via Google Books.
  18. ^ بابا/التنبكتي, أحمد (January 1, 2013). نيل الابتهاج بتطريز الديباج. Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية. ISBN 9782745174758 – via Google Books.
  19. ^ "من شيوخ وتلاميذ ابن مرزوق الحفيد رحمه الله - منتديات التصفية والتربية السلفية". www.tasfia-tarbia.org.
  20. ^ "إبراهيم بن فائد القسنطيني". vitaminedz.com.
  21. ^ "ثلة من علماء قسنطينة". ar.islamway.net.
  22. ^ "Zaouïa of Sidi Boushaki". wikimapia.org.
  23. ^ Rédaction, La (April 13, 2017). "Boumerdès".
  24. ^ "Zaouïa de Sidi Boushaki - Wikimonde". wikimonde.com.
  25. ^ http://dev.worldpossible.org:81/wikipedia_fr_all_2015-11/A/Ibrahim_Ibn_Fa%C3%AFd.html Archived 2021-04-11 at the Wayback Machine [bare URL]
  26. ^ "Sidi Boushaki".
  27. ^ https://arachne.uni-koeln.de/Tei-Viewer/cgi-bin/teiviewer.php?manifest=BOOK-ZID874712 [bare URL]
  28. ^ أحمد/الداوودي, شمس الدين محمد بن علي بن (January 1, 2002). طبقات المفسرين. Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية. ISBN 9782745133281 – via Google Books.
  29. ^ "كشف الظنون" – via Internet Archive.
  30. ^ الحفيد, محمد بن أحمد العجيسي/ابن مرزوق (January 1, 2016). نور اليقين في شرح حديث أولياء الله المتقين (سلسلة الرسائل والدراسات الجامعية). Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية. ISBN 9782745101891 – via Google Books.
  31. ^ "نظم بوطليحية" – via Internet Archive.
  32. ^ الحفيد, محمد بن أحمد العجيسي/ابن مرزوق (January 1, 2018). الألفية الصغيرة المسماة الحديقة في علوم الحديث الشريف. Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية. ISBN 9782745185723 – via Google Books.
  33. ^ "أرجوزة نظم قواعد الإعراب الزواوي" – via Internet Archive.
  34. ^ "شرح منظومة الزواوي" – via Internet Archive.
  35. ^ "الجامع الحاوي لمعاني نظم الزواوي إعداد وتقديم الفقيه الحسين بلفقيه". December 3, 2019 – via Internet Archive.

Sources

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Further reading

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