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{{Short description|Stop-motion short movie created on an atomic scale}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2015}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2015}}
{{Infobox film
{{Infobox film
| name = A Boy and His Atom
| name = A Boy and His Atom
| image = A Boy and His Atom (still).jpg
| image = A Boy and His Atom Movie Stills (8675821573).jpg
⚫
| alt = An image of a small boy on the right made out of silvery dots against a gray background, with a single dot on the left
| image_size = 240px
| caption = The atom (left) and the boy. This film was made using individual carbon monoxide molecules and photographed using a [[scanning tunneling microscope]].
⚫
| alt = An image of a small boy on the right made out of silvery dots against a gray background, with a single dot on the left
| caption = The atom (left) and the boy
| distributor = [[IBM Research]]
| distributor = [[IBM Research]]
| director = [[Nico Casavecchia]]
| director = [[Nico Casavecchia]]
Line 13: Line 13:
| language = English
| language = English
}}
}}
'''''A Boy and His Atom''''' is a 2013 [[stop-motion animation|stop-motion animated]] short film released on [[YouTube]] by [[IBM Research]]. The movie tells the story of a boy and a wayward atom who meet and become friends. It depicts a boy playing with an atom that takes various forms. One minute in length, it was made by moving [[carbon monoxide]] [[molecule]]s with a [[scanning tunneling microscope]], a device that magnifies them 100 million times. These two-atom molecules were moved to create images, which were then saved as individual frames to make the film.<ref name="IBM Research">{{cite web |title=A Boy And His Atom |url=http://www.research.ibm.com/articles/madewithatoms.shtml |website=IBM Research |accessdate=December 29, 2015 |date=May 1, 2013}}</ref> The movie has been recognized by the ''[[Guinness Book of World Records]]'' as the World's Smallest Stop-Motion Film.
'''''A Boy and His Atom''''' is a 2013 [[stop-motion animation|stop-motion animated]] [[short film]] released on [[YouTube]] by [[IBM Research]]. One minute in length, it was made by moving [[carbon monoxide]] [[molecule]]s with a [[scanning tunneling microscope]], a device that magnifies them 100 million times. These two-atom molecules were moved to create images, which were then saved as individual frames to make the film.<ref name="IBM Research">{{cite web |title=A Boy And His Atom |url=https://www.ibm.com/blogs/research/2013/05/how-to-move-an-atom/ |website=IBM Research |access-date=December 29, 2015 |date=May 1, 2013}}</ref> The movie was recognized by the ''[[Guinness Book of World Records]]'' as the World's Smallest Stop-Motion Film in 2013.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2013/5/ibm-goes-atomic-for-smallest-stop-motion-film-48482/|title=IBM Goes Atomic for Smallest Stop-Motion Film|date=2013-05-03|website=Guinness World Records|language=en-GB|access-date=2020-03-12}}</ref>


The scientists at IBM Research – [[IBM Almaden Research Center|Almaden]] who made the film are moving atoms to explore the limits of data storage because, as data creation and consumption gets bigger, data storage needs to get smaller, all the way down to the atomic level. Traditional silicon transistor technology has become cheaper, denser and more efficient, but fundamental physical limitations suggest that scaling down is an unsustainable path to solving the growing Big Data dilemma. This team of scientists is particularly interested in starting on the smallest scale, single atoms, and building structures up from there. Using this method, IBM announced it can now store a single bit of information in just 12 atoms (current technology takes roughly one million atoms to store a single bit).<ref name="IBM Research" />
The scientists at [[IBM Almaden Research Center|IBM Research – Almaden]] who made the film are moving atoms to explore the limits of data storage because, as data creation and consumption gets bigger, data storage needs to get smaller, all the way down to the [[Atomic level deviation|atomic level]]. Traditional silicon transistor technology has become cheaper, denser and more efficient, but fundamental physical limitations suggest that scaling down is an unsustainable path to solving the growing Big Data dilemma. This team of scientists is particularly interested in starting on the smallest scale, single atoms, and building structures up from there. Using this method, IBM announced it can now store a single bit of information in just 12 atoms (current technology as of 2012 takes roughly one million atoms to store a single bit).<ref name="IBM Research" /><ref>{{Cite web |author1=Patrick Goss |date=2012-01-13 |title=How many atoms to store one bit of data? |url=https://www.techradar.com/news/computing-components/storage/how-many-atoms-to-store-one-bit-of-data-1054434 |access-date=2023-10-18 |website=TechRadar |language=en}}</ref>

==Synopsis==

At the beginning of the film, subtitles introduce the audience to how and why the film was made. When the action starts, we see a boy meeting an atom. Hesitant at first, he dances for it to the film's musical accompaniment, then bounces it around like a ball. The atom drops to the ground and forms a trampoline, which the boy bounces on. The atom reforms, and the boy tosses it into the sky, flying past clouds and the word "[[Think (IBM)|Think]]", a longtime internal IBM motto.<ref name=DailyTech />


==Creation==
==Creation==
[[File:Carbon-monoxide-3D-vdW.png|thumb|right|Diagram of a carbon monoxide molecule|alt=A large black spherical object with a slightly smaller red one merging into it from the right]]
[[File:Carbon-monoxide-3D-vdW.png|thumb|right|Diagram of a carbon monoxide molecule|alt=A large black spherical object with a slightly smaller red one merging into it from the right]]
''A Boy And His Atom'' was created by a team of [[IBM]] scientists – together with [[Ogilvy & Mather]], IBM's longstanding advertising agency – at the company's [[IBM Almaden Research Center|Almaden Research Center]] in [[San Jose, California]].<ref name="Moving Atoms">{{cite AV media |title=Moving Atoms: Making the World's Smallest Movie |medium=Digital video |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xA4QWwaweWA |accessdate=May 4, 2013|time=2:35–3:00 |publisher=[[IBM Research]]}}</ref> Using a [[scanning tunneling microscope]], [[Carbon monoxide]] molecules were manipulated into place on a copper [[substrate (electronics)|substrate]] with a copper needle at a distance of 1 nanometer.<ref name=AP /> They remain in place, forming a bond with the substrate because of the extremely low temperature of 5 K ({{convert|5|K|C|disp=output only}}, {{convert|5|K|F|disp=output only}}) at which the device operates.<ref name=BBC>{{cite web |last=Palmer |first=Jason |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-22364761|title=Atoms star in world's smallest movie |publisher=BBC |date=May 1, 2013 |accessdate=May 1, 2013}}</ref> The [[oxygen]] component of each molecule shows up as a dot when photographed by the scanning tunneling microscope, allowing the creation of images composed of many such dots.<ref name=AP />
''A Boy And His Atom'' was created by a team of [[IBM]] scientists – together with [[Ogilvy & Mather]], IBM's longstanding advertising agency – at the company's [[IBM Almaden Research Center|Almaden Research Center]] in [[San Jose, California]].<ref name="Moving Atoms">{{cite AV media |title=Moving Atoms: Making the World's Smallest Movie |medium=Digital video |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xA4QWwaweWA |access-date=May 4, 2013|time=2:35–3:00 |publisher=[[IBM Research]]}}</ref> Using a [[scanning tunneling microscope]], [[carbon monoxide]] molecules were manipulated into place on a copper [[substrate (electronics)|substrate]] with a copper needle at a distance of 1 nanometer.<ref name=AP /> They remain in place, forming a bond with the substrate because of the extremely low temperature of 5 K ({{convert|5|K|C|disp=output only}}, {{convert|5|K|F|disp=output only}}) at which the device operates.<ref name=BBC>{{cite web |last=Palmer |first=Jason |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-22364761|title=Atoms star in world's smallest movie |publisher=BBC |date=May 1, 2013 |access-date=May 1, 2013}}</ref> The [[oxygen]] component of each molecule shows up as a dot when photographed by the scanning tunneling microscope, allowing the creation of images composed of many such dots.<ref name=AP />


The team created 242 still images with 65 carbon monoxide molecules. The images were combined to make a stop-motion film.<ref name=DailyTech>{{cite news |last=Mick |first=Jason |title=IBM Makes World's Smallest Movie Using Deadly Carbon Monoxide |work=Daily Tech |date=May 1, 2013 |url=http://www.dailytech.com/IBM+Makes+Worlds+Smallest+Movie+Using+Deadly+Carbon+Monoxide/article31458.htm |accessdate=May 1, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071121/http://www.dailytech.com/IBM+Makes+Worlds+Smallest+Movie+Using+Deadly+Carbon+Monoxide/article31458.htm |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |dead-url=yes |df=mdy-all }}</ref> Each frame measures 45 by 25 [[nanometer]]s.<ref name=AP>{{cite news |title=IBM makes movie about a little boy _ a very little boy _ by pushing molecules around |agency=Associated Press |work=[[Washington Post]] |date=May 1, 2013 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/technology/ibm-makes-movie-about-a-little-boy-_-a-very-little-boy-_-by-pushing-molecules-around/2013/05/01/d9472050-b214-11e2-9fb1-62de9581c946_story.html |accessdate=May 1, 2013}}</ref> It took four researchers two weeks of 18-hour days to produce the film.<ref name=BBC />
The team created 242 still images with 65 carbon monoxide molecules. The images were combined to make a stop-motion film.<ref name=DailyTech>{{cite news |last=Mick |first=Jason |title=IBM Makes World's Smallest Movie Using Deadly Carbon Monoxide |work=Daily Tech |date=May 1, 2013 |url=http://www.dailytech.com/IBM+Makes+Worlds+Smallest+Movie+Using+Deadly+Carbon+Monoxide/article31458.htm |access-date=May 1, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071121/http://www.dailytech.com/IBM+Makes+Worlds+Smallest+Movie+Using+Deadly+Carbon+Monoxide/article31458.htm |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all }}</ref> Each frame measures 45 by 25 [[nanometer]]s.<ref name=AP>{{cite news |title=Innovations in 5: Watch the world's smallest stop-motion film |agency=Associated Press |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=May 1, 2013 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/innovations/wp/2013/05/01/innovations-in-5-watch-the-worlds-smallest-stop-motion-film |access-date=April 24, 2022}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> It took four researchers two weeks of 18-hour days to produce the film.<ref name=BBC />


The graphics and sound effects resemble those of early video games. "This movie is a fun way to share the atomic-scale world," said project leader [[Andreas J. Heinrich]]. "The reason we made this was not to convey a scientific message directly, but to engage with students, to prompt them to ask questions."<ref name=AP /> In addition, the researchers created three still images to promote ''[[Star Trek Into Darkness]]''—the [[Federation (Star Trek)|Federation]] logo, the starship ''[[Starship Enterprise|Enterprise]]'', and a [[Vulcan salute]].<ref name=DailyTech />
The graphics and sound effects resemble those of early video games. "This movie is a fun way to share the atomic-scale world," said project leader [[Andreas J. Heinrich]]. "The reason we made this was not to convey a scientific message directly, but to engage with students, to prompt them to ask questions."<ref name=AP /> In addition, the researchers created three still images to promote ''[[Star Trek Into Darkness]]''—the [[Federation (Star Trek)|Federation]] logo, the starship ''[[Starship Enterprise|Enterprise]]'', and a [[Vulcan salute]].<ref name=DailyTech /><ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.space.com/20951-star-trek-ibm-atom-art.html| title=IBM Warps Atoms Into Crazy 'Star Trek' Art | date=May 3, 2013 | first=Miriam |last=Kramer}}</ref>


==Reaction==
==Reaction==
[[Guinness World Records]] certified the movie as The World's Smallest Stop-Motion Film ever made.<ref name=AP /> The film was accepted into the Tribeca Online Film Festival and shown at the New York Tech Meet-up and the World Science Festival. Now in the top 1% of all most-watched YouTube videos, the film surpassed a million views in 24 hours, and two million views in 48 hours, with more than 27,000 likes.
[[Guinness World Records]] certified the movie as The World's Smallest Stop-Motion Film ever made.<ref name=AP /> The film was accepted into the Tribeca Online Film Festival and shown at the New York Tech Meet-up and the World Science Festival. The film surpassed a million views in 24 hours, and two million views in 48 hours, with more than 27,000 likes. As of October 2024, the film has over 24.3 million views and over 742,000 likes.


==Implications==
==Implications==
While the film was used by the researchers as a fun way to get students interested in science, it grew out of work that could increase the amount of data computers could store. In 2012 they had demonstrated that they could store a [[bit]] of computer memory on a group of just 12 atoms instead of a million, the previous minimum.<ref name=BBC /> If it became commercially viable, "You could carry around, not just two movies on your [[iPhone]]," Heinrich said in a companion video about the film's production, "you could carry around every movie ever produced."<ref name="Moving Atoms at 2:35">''Moving Atoms'', at 2:55.</ref>
While the film was used by the researchers as a fun way to get students interested in science, it grew out of work that could increase the amount of data computers could store. In 2012, they demonstrated that they could store a [[bit]] of computer memory on a group of just 12 atoms instead of a million, the previous minimum.<ref name=BBC /> If it became commercially viable, "You could carry around, not just two movies on your [[iPhone]]," Heinrich said in a companion video about the film's production, "you could carry around every movie ever produced."<ref name="Moving Atoms at 2:35">''Moving Atoms'', at 2:55.</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
Line 50: Line 46:


{{DEFAULTSORT:Boy And His Atom}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Boy And His Atom}}
[[Category:2013 animated films]]
[[Category:2013 animated short films]]
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[[Category:2010s animated short films]]
[[Category:2013 films]]
[[Category:2013 films]]
[[Category:Experiments]]
[[Category:Experiments]]
[[Category:IBM]]
[[Category:IBM]]
[[Category:Individual physical objects]]
[[Category:Individual particles]]
[[Category:Nanotechnology publications]]
[[Category:Nanotechnology]]
[[Category:Scanning probe microscopy]]
[[Category:Scanning probe microscopy]]
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[[Category:2010s English-language films]]
[[Category:English-language short films]]

Latest revision as of 12:26, 8 October 2024

A Boy and His Atom
An image of a small boy on the right made out of silvery dots against a gray background, with a single dot on the left
The atom (left) and the boy. This film was made using individual carbon monoxide molecules and photographed using a scanning tunneling microscope.
Directed byNico Casavecchia
Production
company
1st Ave Machine
Distributed byIBM Research
Release date
  • April 30, 2013 (2013-04-30)
Running time
1 minute 33 seconds
LanguageEnglish

A Boy and His Atom is a 2013 stop-motion animated short film released on YouTube by IBM Research. One minute in length, it was made by moving carbon monoxide molecules with a scanning tunneling microscope, a device that magnifies them 100 million times. These two-atom molecules were moved to create images, which were then saved as individual frames to make the film.[1] The movie was recognized by the Guinness Book of World Records as the World's Smallest Stop-Motion Film in 2013.[2]

The scientists at IBM Research – Almaden who made the film are moving atoms to explore the limits of data storage because, as data creation and consumption gets bigger, data storage needs to get smaller, all the way down to the atomic level. Traditional silicon transistor technology has become cheaper, denser and more efficient, but fundamental physical limitations suggest that scaling down is an unsustainable path to solving the growing Big Data dilemma. This team of scientists is particularly interested in starting on the smallest scale, single atoms, and building structures up from there. Using this method, IBM announced it can now store a single bit of information in just 12 atoms (current technology as of 2012 takes roughly one million atoms to store a single bit).[1][3]

Creation

[edit]
A large black spherical object with a slightly smaller red one merging into it from the right
Diagram of a carbon monoxide molecule

A Boy And His Atom was created by a team of IBM scientists – together with Ogilvy & Mather, IBM's longstanding advertising agency – at the company's Almaden Research Center in San Jose, California.[4] Using a scanning tunneling microscope, carbon monoxide molecules were manipulated into place on a copper substrate with a copper needle at a distance of 1 nanometer.[5] They remain in place, forming a bond with the substrate because of the extremely low temperature of 5 K (−268.15 °C, −450.67 °F) at which the device operates.[6] The oxygen component of each molecule shows up as a dot when photographed by the scanning tunneling microscope, allowing the creation of images composed of many such dots.[5]

The team created 242 still images with 65 carbon monoxide molecules. The images were combined to make a stop-motion film.[7] Each frame measures 45 by 25 nanometers.[5] It took four researchers two weeks of 18-hour days to produce the film.[6]

The graphics and sound effects resemble those of early video games. "This movie is a fun way to share the atomic-scale world," said project leader Andreas J. Heinrich. "The reason we made this was not to convey a scientific message directly, but to engage with students, to prompt them to ask questions."[5] In addition, the researchers created three still images to promote Star Trek Into Darkness—the Federation logo, the starship Enterprise, and a Vulcan salute.[7][8]

Reaction

[edit]

Guinness World Records certified the movie as The World's Smallest Stop-Motion Film ever made.[5] The film was accepted into the Tribeca Online Film Festival and shown at the New York Tech Meet-up and the World Science Festival. The film surpassed a million views in 24 hours, and two million views in 48 hours, with more than 27,000 likes. As of October 2024, the film has over 24.3 million views and over 742,000 likes.

Implications

[edit]

While the film was used by the researchers as a fun way to get students interested in science, it grew out of work that could increase the amount of data computers could store. In 2012, they demonstrated that they could store a bit of computer memory on a group of just 12 atoms instead of a million, the previous minimum.[6] If it became commercially viable, "You could carry around, not just two movies on your iPhone," Heinrich said in a companion video about the film's production, "you could carry around every movie ever produced."[9]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "A Boy And His Atom". IBM Research. May 1, 2013. Retrieved December 29, 2015.
  2. ^ "IBM Goes Atomic for Smallest Stop-Motion Film". Guinness World Records. May 3, 2013. Retrieved March 12, 2020.
  3. ^ Patrick Goss (January 13, 2012). "How many atoms to store one bit of data?". TechRadar. Retrieved October 18, 2023.
  4. ^ Moving Atoms: Making the World's Smallest Movie (Digital video). IBM Research. Event occurs at 2:35–3:00. Retrieved May 4, 2013.
  5. ^ a b c d e "Innovations in 5: Watch the world's smallest stop-motion film". The Washington Post. Associated Press. May 1, 2013. Retrieved April 24, 2022.
  6. ^ a b c Palmer, Jason (May 1, 2013). "Atoms star in world's smallest movie". BBC. Retrieved May 1, 2013.
  7. ^ a b Mick, Jason (May 1, 2013). "IBM Makes World's Smallest Movie Using Deadly Carbon Monoxide". Daily Tech. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved May 1, 2013.
  8. ^ Kramer, Miriam (May 3, 2013). "IBM Warps Atoms Into Crazy 'Star Trek' Art".
  9. ^ Moving Atoms, at 2:55.
[edit]
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