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{{Short description|Hawaiian politician}}
{{Infobox Officeholder
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix = [[The Honourable]]
| honorific-prefix = [[The Honourable]]
| name = John Mott-Smith
| name = John Mott-Smith
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| caption =
| caption =
| order =
| order =
| office = Minister of Finance
| office = [[Ministry of Finance (Hawaii)|Minister of Finance]]
| term =
| term =
| term_start = December 21, 1869
| term_start = December 21, 1869
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| term_start1 = July 28, 1891
| term_start1 = July 28, 1891
| term_end1 = October 17, 1891
| term_end1 = October 17, 1891
| predecessor1 = [[Samuel Parker (Hawaii)|Samuel Parker]]
| predecessor1 = [[Samuel Parker (Hawaii politician)|Samuel Parker]]
| successor1 = [[Samuel Parker (Hawaii)|Samuel Parker]]
| successor1 = [[Samuel Parker (Hawaii politician)|Samuel Parker]]
| alongside1 = <!--For two or more people serving in the same position from the same district. (e.g. United States Senators.)-->
| alongside1 = <!--For two or more people serving in the same position from the same district. (e.g. United States Senators.)-->
| deputy1 =
| deputy1 =
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| chancellor1 =
| chancellor1 =
| order2 =
| order2 =
| office2 = Minister of Interior
| office2 = [[Ministry of the Interior (Hawaii)|Minister of Interior]]
| term2 =
| term2 =
| term_start2 = December 5, 1876
| term_start2 = December 5, 1876
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==Life==
==Life==
John Mott-Smith was born in New York City on November 13, 1824.
John Mott-Smith was born in New York City on November 13, 1824.
His father was also named John Mott Smith (1795–1832), generally spelled without the hyphen, and mother was Amanda Day. His father had trained as a physician, but became a [[Methodist]] minister instead, and was Principal of Wesleyan Seminary in New York in 1820. In 1826 the family moved to [[White Plains, New York]] with the school, and then in 1832 to [[Middletown, Connecticut]] where his father became a professor of classical languages at the new [[Wesleyan University]].<ref>{{cite book |author=William Buell Sprague |chapter= John Mott Smith of the New York Conference |title=Annals of the American Pulpit: Methodist. [1859|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SwsSAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA567 |year=1859 |publisher=Robert Carter & Brothers |pages=567–569}}</ref> His father died in 1832 and was one of the first burials in the university cemetery.<ref>{{cite web |title= Wesleyan facts and trivia |work= Wesleyan University web site |url= http://www.wesleyan.edu/about/trivia.html |accessdate= May 28, 2010 |deadurl= yes |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20100527163018/http://www.wesleyan.edu/about/trivia.html |archivedate= May 27, 2010 |df= }}</ref>
His father was also named John Mott Smith (1795–1832), generally spelled without the hyphen, and mother was Amanda Day. His father had trained as a physician, but became a [[Methodist]] minister instead, and was Principal of Wesleyan Seminary in New York in 1820. In 1826 the family moved to [[White Plains, New York]], with the school, and then in 1832 to [[Middletown, Connecticut]], where his father became a professor of classical languages at the new [[Wesleyan University]].<ref>{{cite book |author=William Buell Sprague |chapter= John Mott Smith of the New York Conference |title=Annals of the American Pulpit: Methodist. [1859|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SwsSAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA567 |year=1859 |publisher=Robert Carter & Brothers |pages=567–569}}</ref> His father died in 1832 and was one of the first burials in the university cemetery.<ref>{{cite web |title= Wesleyan facts and trivia |work= Wesleyan University web site |url= http://www.wesleyan.edu/about/trivia.html |accessdate= May 28, 2010 |url-status= dead |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20100527163018/http://www.wesleyan.edu/about/trivia.html |archivedate= May 27, 2010 }}</ref>
Subsequently, having attended Wesleyan, the young Mott-Smith borrowed a book from a friend who was attending dental school and passed the exams to set up a practice in [[Albany, New York]]. He moved to [[California]] as part of the [[California Gold Rush]] in 1849 and practised dentistry there for two years. He sailed to Hawaii in early 1851.<ref name="first"/>
Subsequently, having attended Wesleyan, the young Mott-Smith borrowed a book from a friend who was attending dental school and passed the exams to set up a practice in [[Albany, New York]]. He moved to [[California]] as part of the [[California Gold Rush]] in 1849 and practised dentistry there for two years. He sailed to Hawaii in early 1851.<ref name="first"/>


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[[File:First Dentist office in Honolulu.jpg|thumb|left|alt= 19th-century house with "dentist" sign|His dentist office in 1853]]
[[File:First Dentist office in Honolulu.jpg|thumb|left|alt= 19th-century house with "dentist" sign|His dentist office in 1853]]
In 1866 Mott-Smith gave up his dental practice to John Morgan Whitney, the first in Hawaii to actually graduate from a dental school.<ref name="first"/>
In 1866 Mott-Smith gave up his dental practice to John Morgan Whitney, the first in Hawaii to actually graduate from a dental school.<ref name="first"/>
He became editor of the newspaper ''Hawaiian Gazette''. He used the paper to defend the monarchy, which gained him favor with King [[Kamehameha V]], who made it the official government publication.<ref>{{cite book |title= The Story of Hawaii and Its Builders |year=1925 |publisher= [[Honolulu Star-Bulletin]] |editor= George F. Nellist |url= http://files.usgwarchives.net/hi/statewide/bios/mottsmit53bs.txt |chapter= Dr. John Mott-Smith }}</ref> He returned to the legislature in 1866, and was elected Vice President of it in 1867.
He became editor of the newspaper ''Hawaiian Gazette''. He used the paper to defend the monarchy, which gained him favor with King [[Kamehameha V]], who made it the official government publication.<ref>{{cite book |title= The Story of Hawaii and Its Builders |year=1925 |publisher= [[Honolulu Star-Bulletin]] |editor= George F. Nellist |url= http://files.usgwarchives.net/hi/statewide/bios/mottsmit53bs.txt |chapter= Dr. John Mott-Smith }}</ref> He returned to the legislature in 1866, and was elected vice president of it in 1867.
In 1868 he was sent to Washington, D.C., to help [[Elisha Hunt Allen]] negotiate a trade treaty, but was not successful.
In 1868 he was sent to Washington, D.C., to help [[Elisha Hunt Allen]] negotiate a trade treaty, but was not successful.
On December 21, 1869 he returned and was appointed to the powerful post of Minister of Finance in the cabinet. He served until August 25, 1872.<ref name="office"/>
On December 21, 1869, he returned and was appointed to the powerful post of minister of finance in the cabinet. He served until August 25, 1872.<ref name="office"/>
With the king's influence, he was an investor with fellow American politician [[Charles Coffin Harris]] in the first Hawaiian Hotel. The government issued bonds to finance its construction.<ref>{{cite news |hdl= 10524/224 |title=Charles Coffin Harris: An Uncommon Life in the Law |publisher=Hawaii Historical Society |volume= 27 |author=Phillip H. Harris |work= Hawaiian Journal of History |year=1993 |pages= 151–171 }}</ref>
With the king's influence, he was an investor with fellow American politician [[Charles Coffin Harris]] in the first Hawaiian Hotel. The government issued bonds to finance its construction.<ref>{{cite news |hdl= 10524/224 |title=Charles Coffin Harris: An Uncommon Life in the Law |publisher=Hawaii Historical Society |volume= 27 |author=Phillip H. Harris |work= Hawaiian Journal of History |year=1993 |pages= 151–171 }}</ref>
After Kamehameha V's death at the end of 1872, Mott-Smith was out of political power and resumed practising dentistry<ref name="first"/> while he was on the Board of Education until 1874.
After Kamehameha V's death at the end of 1872, Mott-Smith was out of political power and resumed practising dentistry<ref name="first"/> while he was on the Board of Education until 1874.


After the liberal King [[Lunalilo]] died and King [[Kalākaua]] was elected in 1874, monarchists were back in political favor.
After the liberal King [[Lunalilo]] died and King [[Kalākaua]] was elected in 1874, monarchists were back in political favor.
On December 4, 1876 Mott-Smith was appointed Minister of Interior, serving until July 3, 1878. From 1876 through 1886 he served in the upper House of Nobles in the kingdom legislature when he was not traveling.<ref name="office"/>
On December 4, 1876, Mott-Smith was appointed minister of interior, serving until July 3, 1878. From 1876 through 1886 he served in the upper House of Nobles in the kingdom legislature when he was not traveling.<ref name="office"/>
It was widely suspected that Kalākaua's replacement of his cabinet was influenced by [[Claus Spreckels]], who refinanced the King's debts the night before, in order to secure water rights for his [[sugarcane]] [[Sugar plantations in Hawaii|plantation]] on [[Maui]].<ref>{{cite journal |title= The Maui Land Deal: A Chapter in Claus Spreckels' Hawaiian Career |author= Jacob Adler |work= Agricultural History |volume= 39 |number= 3 |date= July 1965 |pages= 155–163 |jstor= 3740255 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Hawaiian Kingdom 1874-1893, the Kalakaua Dynasty |author= [[Ralph Simpson Kuykendall]] |url= http://www.ulukau.org/elib/cgi-bin/library?c=kingdom3&l=en |volume=3 |publisher= University of Hawaii Press |year= 1967 |isbn= 978-0-87022-433-1 |page=200 }}</ref>
It was widely suspected that Kalākaua's replacement of his cabinet was influenced by [[Claus Spreckels]], who refinanced the King's debts the night before, in order to secure water rights for his [[sugarcane]] [[Sugar plantations in Hawaii|plantation]] on [[Maui]].<ref>{{cite journal |title= The Maui Land Deal: A Chapter in Claus Spreckels' Hawaiian Career |author= Jacob Adler |journal= Agricultural History |volume= 39 |number= 3 |date= July 1965 |pages= 155–163 |jstor= 3740255 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Hawaiian Kingdom 1874-1893, the Kalakaua Dynasty |author= Ralph Simpson Kuykendall |author-link= Ralph Simpson Kuykendall |url= http://www.ulukau.org/elib/cgi-bin/library?c=kingdom3&l=en |volume=3 |publisher= University of Hawaii Press |year= 1967 |isbn= 978-0-87022-433-1 |page=200 }}</ref>
Since the bachelor Lunalilo left no heirs, Mott-Smith was appointed to the first board of trustees of the Lunalilo Trust.<ref>{{cite web |title= Lunalilo Trust Leadership |year= 2009 |publisher= King William Charles Lunalilo Trust |url= http://www.lunalilo.org/?page_id=43 |accessdate= October 17, 2010 }}</ref>
Since the bachelor Lunalilo left no heirs, Mott-Smith was appointed to the first board of trustees of the Lunalilo Trust.<ref>{{cite web |title= Lunalilo Trust Leadership |year= 2009 |publisher= King William Charles Lunalilo Trust |url= http://www.lunalilo.org/?page_id=43 |accessdate= October 17, 2010 }}</ref>
In 1884 he was put in charge of the Hawaii exhibits at the [[World Cotton Centennial]] in [[New Orleans, Louisiana]].
In 1884 he was put in charge of the Hawaii exhibits at the [[World Cotton Centennial]] in [[New Orleans, Louisiana]].
He returned and was appointed Minister of Finance by Queen [[Liliʻuokalani]] on July 28, 1891. However, by October 17, 1891 he resigned and was sent back to Washington.<ref name="office">{{cite web |url= http://archives1.dags.hawaii.gov/gsdl/collect/governme/index/assoc/HASHda75/56abe74f.dir/Mott%20Smith,%20John.jpg |title= Mott-Smith, John office record |work=state archives digital collections |publisher=state of Hawaii |accessdate= May 28, 2010 }}</ref>
He returned and was appointed Minister of Finance by Queen [[Liliʻuokalani]] on July 28, 1891. However, by October 17, 1891, he resigned and was sent back to Washington.<ref name="office">{{cite web |url= http://archives1.dags.hawaii.gov/gsdl/collect/governme/index/assoc/HASHda75/56abe74f.dir/Mott%20Smith,%20John.jpg |title= Mott-Smith, John office record |work= state archives digital collections |publisher= state of Hawaii |accessdate= May 28, 2010 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120306204032/http://archives1.dags.hawaii.gov/gsdl/collect/governme/index/assoc/HASHda75/56abe74f.dir/Mott%20Smith,%20John.jpg |archive-date= March 6, 2012 |url-status= dead }}</ref>
[[Samuel Parker (Hawaii)|Samuel Parker]] acted as finance minister both before and after him.
[[Samuel Parker (Hawaii politician)|Samuel Parker]] acted as finance minister both before and after him.
His hope was to negotiate a replacement for the [[Reciprocity Treaty of 1875]], but he was recalled after the 1893 [[Overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii]].
His hope was to negotiate a replacement for the [[Reciprocity Treaty of 1875]], but he was recalled after the 1893 [[Overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii]].
His position was just below the [[diplomatic rank]] of 21st-century ambassador.
His position was just below the [[diplomatic rank]] of 21st-century ambassador.
He retired to Honolulu where he died August 10, 1895 after an illness of several weeks.<ref name="obit">{{cite news |date= August 10, 1895 |title= Dr Mott-Smith Dead: Peaceful end of a veteran public man's career |newspaper= Honolulu Evening Bulletin |url= http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82016413/1895-08-10/ed-1/seq-5 |accessdate= May 28, 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date= August 10, 1895 |title= Death of Mott-Smith: A Prominent Citizen Passes Away |page= 3 |newspaper= The Independent |hdl= 10524/1157 }}</ref>
He retired to Honolulu where he died August 10, 1895, after an illness of several weeks.<ref name="obit">{{cite news |date= August 10, 1895 |title= Dr Mott-Smith Dead: Peaceful end of a veteran public man's career |newspaper= Honolulu Evening Bulletin |url= http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82016413/1895-08-10/ed-1/seq-5 |accessdate= May 28, 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date= August 10, 1895 |title= Death of Mott-Smith: A Prominent Citizen Passes Away |page= 3 |newspaper= The Independent |hdl= 10524/1157 }}</ref>
After a funeral at the [[Cathedral Church of Saint Andrew (Honolulu)|Sain Andrew Cathedral]] he was buried in [[Oahu Cemetery]].<ref>{{cite news |hdl= 10524/384 |title= Here Lies History: Oahu Cemetery, a Mirror of Old Honolulu |work= Hawaiian Journal of History |publisher=Hawaii Historical Society |volume=1 |author= Richard A. Greer |year= 1967 |page= 66 }}</ref>
After a funeral at the [[Cathedral Church of Saint Andrew (Honolulu)|Sain Andrew Cathedral]] he was buried in [[Oahu Cemetery]].<ref>{{cite news |hdl= 10524/384 |title= Here Lies History: Oahu Cemetery, a Mirror of Old Honolulu |work= Hawaiian Journal of History |publisher=Hawaii Historical Society |volume=1 |author= Richard A. Greer |year= 1967 |page= 66 }}</ref>


==Family and legacy==
==Family and legacy==
In 1859 he married Ellen Dominis Paty. They had seven children.
In 1859 he married Ellen Dominis Paty. They had seven children.
Son Ernest Augustus Mott-Smith was born May 12, 1873 went to [[Harvard Law School]] briefly, married Anna Elizabeth Paty in 1896 and became active in politics.<ref name="Siddall1921">{{cite book|author=John William Siddall |title=Men of Hawaii: being a biographical reference library, complete and authentic, of the men of note and substantial achievement in the Hawaiian Islands |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4o8DAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA289 |year=1921 |publisher=Honolulu Star-Bulletin |pages=289–290 }}</ref>
Son Ernest Augustus Mott-Smith was born May 12, 1873, went to [[Harvard Law School]] briefly, married Anna Elizabeth Paty in 1896 and became active in politics.<ref name="Siddall1921">{{cite book|author=John William Siddall |title=Men of Hawaii: being a biographical reference library, complete and authentic, of the men of note and substantial achievement in the Hawaiian Islands |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4o8DAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA289 |year=1921 |publisher=Honolulu Star-Bulletin |pages=289–290 }}</ref>
He practised law, and served on various government boards of the [[Territory of Hawaii]], such as the Board of Health from 1901–1925, and territorial secretary from 1907–1914.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://archives1.dags.hawaii.gov/gsdl/collect/governme/index/assoc/HASH0db3/a19df908.dir/Mott%20Smith,%20Ernest%20A.jpg |title= Mott-Smith, Ernest A. office record |work=state archives digital collections |publisher=state of Hawaii |accessdate= May 28, 2010 }}</ref>
He practised law, and served on various government boards of the [[Territory of Hawaii]], such as the Board of Health from 1901 to 1925, and territorial secretary from 1907 to 1914.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://archives1.dags.hawaii.gov/gsdl/collect/governme/index/assoc/HASH0db3/a19df908.dir/Mott%20Smith,%20Ernest%20A.jpg |title= Mott-Smith, Ernest A. office record |work=state archives digital collections |publisher=state of Hawaii |accessdate= May 28, 2010 }}</ref>
Other sons were Harold Meade Mott-Smith and Morton Churchill Mott-Smith. Daughters were Martha Paty Smith, Myra Harris Smith who married Reverend James B. Thomas, Ida Campbell Smith who married [[Robert Morss Lovett]] in Chicago, and May Henderson Smith. He left a substantial estate after investing in [[sugar plantations in Hawaii]]<ref>{{cite news |date= August 14, 1895 |title= Dr. J. Smith's Will: Several legacies to relatives in New England |newspaper= Honolulu Evening Bulletin |url= http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82016413/1895-08-14/ed-1/seq-4 |accessdate= May 28, 2010 }}</ref> which his newspaper had earlier promoted.<ref>{{cite book |author=Helen Geracimos Chapin |title=Shaping history: the role of newspapers in Hawai'i |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D-QPLqwlr7cC&pg=PA64 |year=1996 |publisher=University of Hawaii Press |isbn=978-0-8248-1718-3 |pages=64–65}}</ref>
Other sons were Harold Meade Mott-Smith and Morton Churchill Mott-Smith. Daughters were Martha Paty Smith, Myra Harris Smith who married Reverend James B. Thomas, Ida Campbell Smith who married [[Robert Morss Lovett]] in Chicago, and May Henderson Smith. He left a substantial estate after investing in [[sugar plantations in Hawaii]]<ref>{{cite news |date= August 14, 1895 |title= Dr. J. Smith's Will: Several legacies to relatives in New England |newspaper= Honolulu Evening Bulletin |url= http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82016413/1895-08-14/ed-1/seq-4 |accessdate= May 28, 2010 }}</ref> which his newspaper had earlier promoted.<ref>{{cite book |author=Helen Geracimos Chapin |title=Shaping history: the role of newspapers in Hawai'i |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D-QPLqwlr7cC&pg=PA64 |year=1996 |publisher=University of Hawaii Press |isbn=978-0-8248-1718-3 |pages=64–65}}</ref>


A Mott-Smith building and Mott-Smith drive in [[Makiki]] at {{coord| 21|18|33|N| 157|50|13|W| type:landmark_region:US-HI| display=inline| name= Mott-Smith drive}} are named for him.<ref>{{cite book |author1= [[Mary Kawena Pukui]] |author2=[[Samuel Hoyt Elbert|Samuel H. Elbert]] |author3=Esther T. Mookini |title=Place names of Hawaii |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fkw4JooFxZAC&pg=PA158 |date=July 1974 |publisher=University of Hawaii Press |isbn=978-0-8248-0524-1 |page=158}}</ref>
A Mott-Smith building and Mott-Smith drive in [[Makiki]] at {{coord| 21|18|33|N| 157|50|13|W| type:landmark_region:US-HI| display=inline| name= Mott-Smith drive}} are named for him.<ref>{{cite book |author1= Mary Kawena Pukui |author-link= Mary Kawena Pukui |author2=Samuel H. Elbert |author2-link=Samuel Hoyt Elbert |author3=Esther T. Mookini |title=Place names of Hawaii |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fkw4JooFxZAC&pg=PA158 |date=July 1974 |publisher=University of Hawaii Press |isbn=978-0-8248-0524-1 |page=158}}</ref>
The three-story brick building built in 1897 at the corner of Hotel and Fort Streets (the site of his former office, later known as The Hub) contained the second electric elevator in Hawaii.<ref>{{cite news |hdl= 10524/222 |title=Some Construction and Housing Firsts in Hawaii |publisher=Hawaii Historical Society |volume= 15 |author=Robert C. Schmitt |work= Hawaiian Journal of History |year=1981 |pages= 103}}</ref>
The three-story brick building built in 1897 at the corner of Hotel and Fort Streets (the site of his former office, later known as The Hub) contained the second electric elevator in Hawaii.<ref>{{cite news |hdl= 10524/222 |title=Some Construction and Housing Firsts in Hawaii |publisher=Hawaii Historical Society |volume= 15 |author=Robert C. Schmitt |work= Hawaiian Journal of History |year=1981 |pages= 103}}</ref>


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{{succession box| title= [[Kingdom of Hawaii]] Minister of Finance | before= [[Charles Coffin Harris]] |after= [[Robert Stirling (Hawaii)|Robert Stirling]] | years= 1869–1872 }}
{{succession box| title= [[Kingdom of Hawaii]] Minister of Finance | before= [[Charles Coffin Harris]] |after= [[Robert Stirling (Hawaii)|Robert Stirling]] | years= 1869–1872 }}
{{succession box| title= [[Kingdom of Hawaii]] Minister of Interior| before= [[William Luther Moehonua]] | after= [[Samuel G. Wilder]] | years= 1876–1878 }}
{{succession box| title= [[Kingdom of Hawaii]] Minister of Interior| before= [[William Luther Moehonua]] | after= [[Samuel G. Wilder]] | years= 1876–1878 }}
{{succession box| title= [[Kingdom of Hawaii]] Minister of Finance | before= [[Samuel Parker (Hawaii)|Samuel Parker]] | after= [[Samuel Parker (Hawaii)|Samuel Parker]] | years= July 1891 – October 1891 }}
{{succession box| title= [[Kingdom of Hawaii]] Minister of Finance | before= [[Samuel Parker (Hawaii politician)|Samuel Parker]] | after= [[Samuel Parker (Hawaii politician)|Samuel Parker]] | years= July 1891 – October 1891 }}
{{s-dip}}
{{s-dip}}
{{succession box| title= Kingdom of Hawaii Minister to U.S. | before= [[Henry A. P. Carter]] | after= [[Overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii|Kingdom overthrown]]| years=1891–1893}}
{{succession box| title= Kingdom of Hawaii Minister to U.S. | before= [[Henry A. P. Carter]] | after= [[Overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii|Kingdom overthrown]]| years=1891–1893}}
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[[Category:1899 deaths]]
[[Category:1899 deaths]]
[[Category:Wesleyan University alumni]]
[[Category:Wesleyan University alumni]]
[[Category:Kingdom of Hawaii politicians]]
[[Category:Hawaiian Kingdom politicians]]
[[Category:Members of the Kingdom of Hawaii House of Representatives]]
[[Category:Members of the Hawaiian Kingdom House of Representatives]]
[[Category:Members of the Kingdom of Hawaii Privy Council]]
[[Category:Members of the Hawaiian Kingdom Privy Council]]
[[Category:Kingdom of Hawaii Finance Ministers]]
[[Category:Hawaiian Kingdom Finance Ministers]]
[[Category:Kingdom of Hawaii Interior Ministers]]
[[Category:Hawaiian Kingdom Interior Ministers]]
[[Category:Members of the Kingdom of Hawaii House of Nobles]]
[[Category:Members of the Hawaiian Kingdom House of Nobles]]
[[Category:American dentists]]
[[Category:Ambassadors of the Hawaiian Kingdom]]
[[Category:Ambassadors of Hawaii]]
[[Category:Members of the Hawaii Board of Health]]
[[Category:Members of the Hawaii Board of Health]]
[[Category:19th-century American dentists]]

Latest revision as of 14:08, 5 November 2024

The Honourable
John Mott-Smith
Minister of Finance
In office
December 21, 1869 – August 25, 1872
MonarchKamehameha V
Preceded byCharles Coffin Harris
Succeeded byRobert Stirling
In office
July 28, 1891 – October 17, 1891
MonarchLiliʻuokalani
Preceded bySamuel Parker
Succeeded bySamuel Parker
Minister of Interior
In office
December 5, 1876 – July 3, 1878
MonarchKalākaua
Preceded byWilliam Luther Moehonua
Succeeded bySamuel Gardner Wilder
Minister to the United States
In office
1891 – January 17, 1893
MonarchLiliʻuokalani
Preceded byHenry A. P. Carter
Personal details
Born(1824-11-25)November 25, 1824
New York City, United States
DiedAugust 10, 1895(1895-08-10) (aged 70)
Honolulu, Oahu, Kingdom of Hawaii
Resting placeOahu Cemetery
NationalityKingdom of Hawaii
SpouseEllen Dominis Paty
Children7
OccupationDentist, diplomat, politician

John Mott-Smith (November 25, 1824 – August 10, 1895) was the first dentist to set up a permanent practice in the Kingdom of Hawaii. He was also a politician, newspaper editor, and diplomat.

Life

[edit]

John Mott-Smith was born in New York City on November 13, 1824. His father was also named John Mott Smith (1795–1832), generally spelled without the hyphen, and mother was Amanda Day. His father had trained as a physician, but became a Methodist minister instead, and was Principal of Wesleyan Seminary in New York in 1820. In 1826 the family moved to White Plains, New York, with the school, and then in 1832 to Middletown, Connecticut, where his father became a professor of classical languages at the new Wesleyan University.[1] His father died in 1832 and was one of the first burials in the university cemetery.[2] Subsequently, having attended Wesleyan, the young Mott-Smith borrowed a book from a friend who was attending dental school and passed the exams to set up a practice in Albany, New York. He moved to California as part of the California Gold Rush in 1849 and practised dentistry there for two years. He sailed to Hawaii in early 1851.[3]

He was only the third Western-trained dentist in the Hawaiian Islands and the first to set up a permanent practice. Two others, M. B. Stevens and George Colburn left after brief stays in the previous two years.[3] For about 15 years he did most of the dental work in Honolulu. He shared an office building with physician William Hillebrand. In 1853 he had his first taste of politics when he was elected to the House of Representatives in the legislature of the Hawaiian Kingdom.[4]

19th-century house with "dentist" sign
His dentist office in 1853

In 1866 Mott-Smith gave up his dental practice to John Morgan Whitney, the first in Hawaii to actually graduate from a dental school.[3] He became editor of the newspaper Hawaiian Gazette. He used the paper to defend the monarchy, which gained him favor with King Kamehameha V, who made it the official government publication.[5] He returned to the legislature in 1866, and was elected vice president of it in 1867. In 1868 he was sent to Washington, D.C., to help Elisha Hunt Allen negotiate a trade treaty, but was not successful. On December 21, 1869, he returned and was appointed to the powerful post of minister of finance in the cabinet. He served until August 25, 1872.[4] With the king's influence, he was an investor with fellow American politician Charles Coffin Harris in the first Hawaiian Hotel. The government issued bonds to finance its construction.[6] After Kamehameha V's death at the end of 1872, Mott-Smith was out of political power and resumed practising dentistry[3] while he was on the Board of Education until 1874.

After the liberal King Lunalilo died and King Kalākaua was elected in 1874, monarchists were back in political favor. On December 4, 1876, Mott-Smith was appointed minister of interior, serving until July 3, 1878. From 1876 through 1886 he served in the upper House of Nobles in the kingdom legislature when he was not traveling.[4] It was widely suspected that Kalākaua's replacement of his cabinet was influenced by Claus Spreckels, who refinanced the King's debts the night before, in order to secure water rights for his sugarcane plantation on Maui.[7][8] Since the bachelor Lunalilo left no heirs, Mott-Smith was appointed to the first board of trustees of the Lunalilo Trust.[9] In 1884 he was put in charge of the Hawaii exhibits at the World Cotton Centennial in New Orleans, Louisiana. He returned and was appointed Minister of Finance by Queen Liliʻuokalani on July 28, 1891. However, by October 17, 1891, he resigned and was sent back to Washington.[4] Samuel Parker acted as finance minister both before and after him. His hope was to negotiate a replacement for the Reciprocity Treaty of 1875, but he was recalled after the 1893 Overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii. His position was just below the diplomatic rank of 21st-century ambassador. He retired to Honolulu where he died August 10, 1895, after an illness of several weeks.[10][11] After a funeral at the Sain Andrew Cathedral he was buried in Oahu Cemetery.[12]

Family and legacy

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In 1859 he married Ellen Dominis Paty. They had seven children. Son Ernest Augustus Mott-Smith was born May 12, 1873, went to Harvard Law School briefly, married Anna Elizabeth Paty in 1896 and became active in politics.[13] He practised law, and served on various government boards of the Territory of Hawaii, such as the Board of Health from 1901 to 1925, and territorial secretary from 1907 to 1914.[14] Other sons were Harold Meade Mott-Smith and Morton Churchill Mott-Smith. Daughters were Martha Paty Smith, Myra Harris Smith who married Reverend James B. Thomas, Ida Campbell Smith who married Robert Morss Lovett in Chicago, and May Henderson Smith. He left a substantial estate after investing in sugar plantations in Hawaii[15] which his newspaper had earlier promoted.[16]

A Mott-Smith building and Mott-Smith drive in Makiki at 21°18′33″N 157°50′13″W / 21.30917°N 157.83694°W / 21.30917; -157.83694 (Mott-Smith drive) are named for him.[17] The three-story brick building built in 1897 at the corner of Hotel and Fort Streets (the site of his former office, later known as The Hub) contained the second electric elevator in Hawaii.[18]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ William Buell Sprague (1859). "John Mott Smith of the New York Conference". Annals of the American Pulpit: Methodist. [1859. Robert Carter & Brothers. pp. 567–569.
  2. ^ "Wesleyan facts and trivia". Wesleyan University web site. Archived from the original on May 27, 2010. Retrieved May 28, 2010.
  3. ^ a b c d Robert C. Schmitt (1983). "Royal Crowns and Historic Plaque: Dentistry in Hawaii during the 19th Century". Hawaiian Journal of History. Vol. 17. Hawaii Historical Society. pp. 143–155. hdl:10524/355.
  4. ^ a b c d "Mott-Smith, John office record". state archives digital collections. state of Hawaii. Archived from the original on March 6, 2012. Retrieved May 28, 2010.
  5. ^ George F. Nellist, ed. (1925). "Dr. John Mott-Smith". The Story of Hawaii and Its Builders. Honolulu Star-Bulletin.
  6. ^ Phillip H. Harris (1993). "Charles Coffin Harris: An Uncommon Life in the Law". Hawaiian Journal of History. Vol. 27. Hawaii Historical Society. pp. 151–171. hdl:10524/224.
  7. ^ Jacob Adler (July 1965). "The Maui Land Deal: A Chapter in Claus Spreckels' Hawaiian Career". Agricultural History. 39 (3): 155–163. JSTOR 3740255.
  8. ^ Ralph Simpson Kuykendall (1967). Hawaiian Kingdom 1874-1893, the Kalakaua Dynasty. Vol. 3. University of Hawaii Press. p. 200. ISBN 978-0-87022-433-1.
  9. ^ "Lunalilo Trust Leadership". King William Charles Lunalilo Trust. 2009. Retrieved October 17, 2010.
  10. ^ "Dr Mott-Smith Dead: Peaceful end of a veteran public man's career". Honolulu Evening Bulletin. August 10, 1895. Retrieved May 28, 2010.
  11. ^ "Death of Mott-Smith: A Prominent Citizen Passes Away". The Independent. August 10, 1895. p. 3. hdl:10524/1157.
  12. ^ Richard A. Greer (1967). "Here Lies History: Oahu Cemetery, a Mirror of Old Honolulu". Hawaiian Journal of History. Vol. 1. Hawaii Historical Society. p. 66. hdl:10524/384.
  13. ^ John William Siddall (1921). Men of Hawaii: being a biographical reference library, complete and authentic, of the men of note and substantial achievement in the Hawaiian Islands. Honolulu Star-Bulletin. pp. 289–290.
  14. ^ "Mott-Smith, Ernest A. office record". state archives digital collections. state of Hawaii. Retrieved May 28, 2010.
  15. ^ "Dr. J. Smith's Will: Several legacies to relatives in New England". Honolulu Evening Bulletin. August 14, 1895. Retrieved May 28, 2010.
  16. ^ Helen Geracimos Chapin (1996). Shaping history: the role of newspapers in Hawai'i. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 64–65. ISBN 978-0-8248-1718-3.
  17. ^ Mary Kawena Pukui; Samuel H. Elbert; Esther T. Mookini (July 1974). Place names of Hawaii. University of Hawaii Press. p. 158. ISBN 978-0-8248-0524-1.
  18. ^ Robert C. Schmitt (1981). "Some Construction and Housing Firsts in Hawaii". Hawaiian Journal of History. Vol. 15. Hawaii Historical Society. p. 103. hdl:10524/222.

Further reading

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  • Robert M. Gibson, Terry Lawhead (1989). Dr. John Mott-Smith: Hawaii's first royal dentist and last royal ambassador. Smilepower Institute. ISBN 978-0-9623371-1-6.
Government offices
Preceded by Kingdom of Hawaii Minister of Finance
1869–1872 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Kingdom of Hawaii Minister of Interior
1876–1878 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Kingdom of Hawaii Minister of Finance
July 1891 – October 1891 		Succeeded by
Diplomatic posts
Preceded by Kingdom of Hawaii Minister to U.S.
1891–1893 		Succeeded by
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